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<p>This algorithm is used by <code><ahref="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> and all the <code><ahref="mo_property.html">mo_*</a></code> functions to determine the most probable match of taxonomic records based on user input.</p>
<dd><p>A full taxonomic name, that exists in <code><ahref="microorganisms.html">microorganisms$fullname</a></code></p></dd>
</dl></div>
<divclass="section level2">
<h2id="matching-score-for-microorganisms">Matching Score for Microorganisms<aclass="anchor"aria-label="anchor"href="#matching-score-for-microorganisms"></a></h2>
<p>With ambiguous user input in <code><ahref="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> and all the <code><ahref="mo_property.html">mo_*</a></code> functions, the returned results are chosen based on their matching score using <code>mo_matching_score()</code>. This matching score \(m\), is calculated as:</p>
<p>where:</p><ul><li><p><i>x</i> is the user input;</p></li>
<li><p><i>n</i> is a taxonomic name (genus, species, and subspecies);</p></li>
<li><p><i>l<sub>n</sub></i> is the length of <i>n</i>;</p></li>
<li><p><i>lev</i> is the <ahref="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance"class="external-link">Levenshtein distance function</a>, which counts any insertion, deletion and substitution as 1 that is needed to change <i>x</i> into <i>n</i>;</p></li>
<li><p><i>p<sub>n</sub></i> is the human pathogenic prevalence group of <i>n</i>, as described below;</p></li>
<li><p><i>k<sub>n</sub></i> is the taxonomic kingdom of <i>n</i>, set as Bacteria = 1, Fungi = 2, Protozoa = 3, Archaea = 4, others = 5.</p></li>
</ul><p>The grouping into human pathogenic prevalence (\(p\)) is based on experience from several microbiological laboratories in the Netherlands in conjunction with international reports on pathogen prevalence. <strong>Group 1</strong> (most prevalent microorganisms) consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic class is Gammaproteobacteria or where the taxonomic genus is <em>Enterococcus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus</em> or <em>Streptococcus</em>. This group consequently contains all common Gram-negative bacteria, such as <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Legionella</em> and all species within the order Enterobacterales. <strong>Group 2</strong> consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic phylum is Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria or Sarcomastigophora, or where the taxonomic genus is <em>Absidia</em>, <em>Acremonium</em>, <em>Actinotignum</em>, <em>Alternaria</em>, <em>Anaerosalibacter</em>, <em>Apophysomyces</em>, <em>Arachnia</em>, <em>Aspergillus</em>, <em>Aureobacterium</em>, <em>Aureobasidium</em>, <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Basidiobolus</em>, <em>Beauveria</em>, <em>Blastocystis</em>, <em>Branhamella</em>, <em>Calymmatobacterium</em>, <em>Candida</em>, <em>Capnocytophaga</em>, <em>Catabacter</em>, <em>Chaetomium</em>, <em>Chryseobacterium</em>, <em>Chryseomonas</em>, <em>Chrysonilia</em>, <em>Cladophialophora</em>, <em>Cladosporium</em>, <em>Conidiobolus</em>, <em>Cryptococcus</em>, <em>Curvularia</em>, <em>Exophiala</em>, <em>Exserohilum</em>, <em>Flavobacterium</em>, <em>Fonsecaea</em>, <em>Fusarium</em>, <em>Fusobacterium</em>, <em>Hendersonula</em>, <em>Hypomyces</em>, <em>Koserella</em>, <em>Lelliottia</em>, <em>Leptosphaeria</em>, <em>Leptotrichia</em>, <em>Malassezia</em>, <em>Malbranchea</em>, <em>Mortierella</em>, <em>Mucor</em>, <em>Mycocentrospora</em>, <em>Mycoplasma</em>, <em>Nectria</em>, <em>Ochroconis</em>, <em>Oidiodendron</em>, <em>Phoma</em>, <em>Piedraia</em>, <em>Pithomyces</em>, <em>Pityrosporum</em>, <em>Prevotella</em>, <em>Pseudallescheria</em>, <em>Rhizomucor</em>, <em>Rhizopus</em>, <em>Rhodotorula</em>, <em>Scolecobasidium</em>, <em>Scopulariopsis</em>, <em>Scytalidium</em>, <em>Sporobolomyces</em>, <em>Stachybotrys</em>, <em>Stomatococcus</em>, <em>Treponema</em>, <em>Trichoderma</em>, <em>Trichophyton</em>, <em>Trichosporon</em>, <em>Tritirachium</em> or <em>Ureaplasma</em>. <strong>Group 3</strong> consists of all other microorganisms.</p>
<p>All characters in \(x\) and \(n\) are ignored that are other than A-Z, a-z, 0-9, spaces and parentheses.</p>
<p>All matches are sorted descending on their matching score and for all user input values, the top match will be returned. This will lead to the effect that e.g., <code>"E. coli"</code> will return the microbial ID of <em>Escherichia coli</em> (\(m = 0.688\), a highly prevalent microorganism found in humans) and not <em>Entamoeba coli</em> (\(m = 0.079\), a less prevalent microorganism in humans), although the latter would alphabetically come first.</p>
<p>Since <code>AMR</code> version 1.8.1, common microorganism abbreviations are ignored in determining the matching score. These abbreviations are currently: AIEC, ATEC, BORSA, CRSM, DAEC, EAEC, EHEC, EIEC, EPEC, ETEC, GISA, MRPA, MRSA, MRSE, MSSA, MSSE, NMEC, PISP, PRSP, STEC, UPEC, VISA, VISP, VRE, VRSA and VRSP.</p>
</div>
<divclass="section level2">
<h2id="reference-data-publicly-available">Reference Data Publicly Available<aclass="anchor"aria-label="anchor"href="#reference-data-publicly-available"></a></h2>
<p>All data sets in this <code>AMR</code> package (about microorganisms, antibiotics, R/SI interpretation, EUCAST rules, etc.) are publicly and freely available for download in the following formats: R, MS Excel, Apache Feather, Apache Parquet, SPSS, SAS, and Stata. We also provide tab-separated plain text files that are machine-readable and suitable for input in any software program, such as laboratory information systems. Please visit <ahref="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/datasets.html">our website for the download links</a>. The actual files are of course available on <ahref="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/tree/main/data-raw"class="external-link">our GitHub repository</a>.</p>
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<p></p><p><code>AMR</code> (for R). Developed at the <atarget="_blank"href="https://www.rug.nl"class="external-link">University of Groningen</a> in collaboration with non-profit organisations<br><atarget="_blank"href="https://www.certe.nl"class="external-link">Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice Foundation</a> and <atarget="_blank"href="https://www.umcg.nl"class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a>.</p>
