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# Kurtosis of the Sample
Kurtosis is a measure of the "tailedness" of the probability
distribution of a real-valued random variable. A normal distribution has
a kurtosis of 3 and a excess kurtosis of 0.
## Usage
``` r
kurtosis(x, na.rm = FALSE, excess = FALSE)
# Default S3 method
kurtosis(x, na.rm = FALSE, excess = FALSE)
# S3 method for class 'matrix'
kurtosis(x, na.rm = FALSE, excess = FALSE)
# S3 method for class 'data.frame'
kurtosis(x, na.rm = FALSE, excess = FALSE)
```
## Arguments
- x:
A vector of values, a [matrix](https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html) or
a [data.frame](https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html).
- na.rm:
A [logical](https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html) to indicate whether
`NA` values should be stripped before the computation proceeds.
- excess:
A [logical](https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html) to indicate whether
the *excess kurtosis* should be returned, defined as the kurtosis
minus 3.
## See also
[`skewness()`](https://amr-for-r.org/reference/skewness.md)
## Examples
``` r
kurtosis(rnorm(10000))
#> [1] 3.071712
kurtosis(rnorm(10000), excess = TRUE)
#> [1] -0.02774835
```