diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index 063592b8..6b8c73ab 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Package: AMR
-Version: 2.0.0.9024
+Version: 2.0.0.9025
 Date: 2023-06-22
 Title: Antimicrobial Resistance Data Analysis
 Description: Functions to simplify and standardise antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index bb030f00..5dcab5ea 100755
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# AMR 2.0.0.9024
+# AMR 2.0.0.9025
 
 ## New
 * Clinical breakpoints and intrinsic resistance of EUCAST 2023 and CLSI 2023 have been added for `as.sir()`. EUCAST 2023 (v13.0) is now the new default guideline for all MIC and disks diffusion interpretations, and for `eucast_rules()` to apply EUCAST Expert Rules.
diff --git a/R/aa_helper_functions.R b/R/aa_helper_functions.R
index 2d457dde..2f84e1f8 100755
--- a/R/aa_helper_functions.R
+++ b/R/aa_helper_functions.R
@@ -1517,6 +1517,10 @@ trimws2 <- function(..., whitespace = "[\u0009\u000A\u000B\u000C\u000D\u0020\u00
   trimws(..., whitespace = whitespace)
 }
 
+totitle <- function(x) {
+  gsub("^(.)", "\\U\\1", x, perl = TRUE)
+}
+
 readRDS_AMR <- function(file, refhook = NULL) {
   # this is readRDS with remote file support
   con <- file(file)
diff --git a/R/mo.R b/R/mo.R
index 0ad16c9e..36288daa 100755
--- a/R/mo.R
+++ b/R/mo.R
@@ -302,17 +302,17 @@ as.mo <- function(x,
         filtr <- which(AMR_env$MO_lookup$full_first %like_case% first_chars)
       } else if (nchar(x_out) == 3) {
         # no space and 3 characters - probably a code such as SAU or ECO
-        msg <<- c(msg, paste0("Input \"", x_search, "\" was assumed to be a microorganism code - tried to match on \"", substr(x_out, 1, 1), AMR_env$dots, " ", substr(x_out, 2, 3), AMR_env$dots, "\""))
+        msg <<- c(msg, paste0("Input \"", x_search, "\" was assumed to be a microorganism code - tried to match on \"", totitle(substr(x_out, 1, 1)), AMR_env$dots, " ", substr(x_out, 2, 3), AMR_env$dots, "\""))
         filtr <- which(AMR_env$MO_lookup$fullname_lower %like_case% paste0("(^| )", substr(x_out, 1, 1), ".* ", substr(x_out, 2, 3)))
       } else if (nchar(x_out) == 4) {
         # no space and 4 characters - probably a code such as STAU or ESCO
-        msg <<- c(msg, paste0("Input \"", x_search, "\" was assumed to be a microorganism code - tried to match on \"", substr(x_out, 1, 2), AMR_env$dots, " ", substr(x_out, 3, 4), AMR_env$dots, "\""))
+        msg <<- c(msg, paste0("Input \"", x_search, "\" was assumed to be a microorganism code - tried to match on \"", totitle(substr(x_out, 1, 2)), AMR_env$dots, " ", substr(x_out, 3, 4), AMR_env$dots, "\""))
         filtr <- which(AMR_env$MO_lookup$fullname_lower %like_case% paste0("(^| )", substr(x_out, 1, 2), ".* ", substr(x_out, 3, 4)))
       } else if (nchar(x_out) <= 6) {
         # no space and 5-6 characters - probably a code such as STAAUR or ESCCOL
         first_part <- paste0(substr(x_out, 1, 2), "[a-z]*", substr(x_out, 3, 3))
         second_part <- substr(x_out, 4, nchar(x_out))
-        msg <<- c(msg, paste0("Input \"", x_search, "\" was assumed to be a microorganism code - tried to match on \"", gsub("[a-z]*", AMR_env$dots, first_part, fixed = TRUE), " ", second_part, AMR_env$dots, "\""))
+        msg <<- c(msg, paste0("Input \"", x_search, "\" was assumed to be a microorganism code - tried to match on \"", gsub("[a-z]*", AMR_env$dots, totitle(first_part), fixed = TRUE), " ", second_part, AMR_env$dots, "\""))
         filtr <- which(AMR_env$MO_lookup$fullname_lower %like_case% paste0("(^| )", first_part, ".* ", second_part))
       } else {
         # for genus or species or subspecies
@@ -336,9 +336,10 @@ as.mo <- function(x,
         # correct back for kingdom
         minimum_matching_score_current <- minimum_matching_score_current / AMR_env$MO_lookup$kingdom_index[match(mo_to_search, AMR_env$MO_lookup$fullname)]
         minimum_matching_score_current <- pmax(minimum_matching_score_current, m)
-        if (length(m) > 1 && all(m <= 0.55, na.rm = TRUE)) {
+        if (length(x_parts) > 1 && all(m <= 0.55, na.rm = TRUE)) {
           # if the highest score is 0.5, we have nothing serious - 0.5 is the lowest for pathogenic group 1
           # make everything NA so the results will get removed below
+          # (we added length(x_parts) > 1 to exclude microbial codes from this rule, such as "STAU")
           m[seq_len(length(m))] <- NA_real_
         }
       } else {