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(v1.7.1.9026) updated DDDs

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dr. M.S. (Matthijs) Berends 2021-08-19 23:43:02 +02:00
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4
DESCRIPTION
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
Package: AMR
Version: 1.7.1.9025
Date: 2021-08-18
Version: 1.7.1.9026
Date: 2021-08-19
Title: Antimicrobial Resistance Data Analysis
Description: Functions to simplify and standardise antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
data analysis and to work with microbial and antimicrobial properties by

1
NAMESPACE
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@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ export(as.mic)
export(as.mo)
export(as.rsi)
export(atc_online_ddd)
export(atc_online_ddd_units)
export(atc_online_groups)
export(atc_online_property)
export(availability)

10
NEWS.md
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
# `AMR` 1.7.1.9025
## <small>Last updated: 18 August 2021</small>
# `AMR` 1.7.1.9026
## <small>Last updated: 19 August 2021</small>
### Breaking changes
* Removed `p_symbol()` and all `filter_*()` functions (except for `filter_first_isolate()`), which were all deprecated in a previous package version
@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
* Some drugs now contain multiple ATC codes (e.g., metronidazole contains 5)
* `antibiotics$atc` is now a `list` instead of a `character`, and this `atc` column was moved to the 5th position of the `antibiotics` data set
* `ab_atc()` does not always return a character vector with length 1, and returns a `list` if the input is larger than length 1
* Some DDDs (daily defined doses) were added or updated according to newly included ATC codes
* Antibiotic selectors
* They now also work in R-3.0 and R-3.1, supporting every version of R since 2013
* Added more selectors for antibiotic classes: `aminopenicillins()`, `antifungals()`, `antimycobacterials()`, `lincosamides()`, `lipoglycopeptides()`, `polymyxins()`, `quinolones()`, `streptogramins()`, `trimethoprims()` and `ureidopenicillins()`
@ -22,6 +23,11 @@
example_isolates[, penicillins() & administrable_per_os()] # base R
example_isolates %>% select(penicillins() & administrable_per_os()) # dplyr
```
* Added the selector `ab_selector()`, which accepts a filter to be used internally on the `antibiotics` data set, yielding great flexibility on drug properties, such as selecting antibiotic columns with an oral DDD of at least 1 gram:
```r
example_isolates[, ab_selector(oral_ddd > 1 & oral_units == "g")] # base R
example_isolates %>% select(ab_selector(oral_ddd > 1 & oral_units == "g")) # dplyr
```
* Fix for using selectors multiple times in one call (e.g., using them in `dplyr::filter()` and immediately after in `dplyr::select()`)
* Added argument `only_treatable`, which defaults to `TRUE` and will exclude drugs that are only for laboratory tests and not for treating patients (such as imipenem/EDTA and gentamicin-high)
* Fixed the Gram stain (`mo_gramstain()`) determination of the class Negativicutes within the phylum of Firmicutes - they were considered Gram-positives because of their phylum but are actually Gram-negative. This impacts 137 taxonomic species, genera and families, such as *Negativicoccus* and *Veillonella*.

41
R/ab_class_selectors.R
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@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
#'
#' These functions allow for filtering rows and selecting columns based on antibiotic test results that are of a specific antibiotic class or group, without the need to define the columns or antibiotic abbreviations. In short, if you have a column name that resembles an antimicrobial agent, it will be picked up by any of these functions that matches its pharmaceutical class: "cefazolin", "CZO" and "J01DB04" will all be picked up by [cephalosporins()].
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable Lifecycle
#' @param ab_class an antimicrobial class, such as `"carbapenems"`. The columns `group`, `atc_group1` and `atc_group2` of the [antibiotics] data set will be searched (case-insensitive) for this value.
#' @param ab_class an antimicrobial class or a part of it, such as `"carba"` and `"carbapenems"`. The columns `group`, `atc_group1` and `atc_group2` of the [antibiotics] data set will be searched (case-insensitive) for this value.
#' @param filter an [expression] to be evaluated in the [antibiotics] data set, such as `name %like% "trim"`
#' @param only_rsi_columns a [logical] to indicate whether only columns of class `<rsi>` must be selected (defaults to `FALSE`), see [as.rsi()]
#' @param only_treatable a [logical] to indicate whether agents that are only for laboratory tests should be excluded (defaults to `TRUE`), such as gentamicin-high (`GEH`) and imipenem/EDTA (`IPE`)
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
#'
#' All columns in the data in which these functions are called will be searched for known antibiotic names, abbreviations, brand names, and codes (ATC, EARS-Net, WHO, etc.) according to the [antibiotics] data set. This means that a selector such as [aminoglycosides()] will pick up column names like 'gen', 'genta', 'J01GB03', 'tobra', 'Tobracin', etc.
#'
#' The [ab_class()] function can be used to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class. It searches for results in the [antibiotics] data set within the columns `name`, `atc_group1` and `atc_group2`.
#' The [ab_class()] function can be used to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class. It searches for results in the [antibiotics] data set within the columns `group`, `atc_group1` and `atc_group2`.
#'
#' The [ab_selector()] function can be used to internally filter the [antibiotics] data set on any results, see *Examples*. It allows for filtering on a (part of) a certain name, and/or a group name or even a minimum of DDDs for oral treatment. This function yields the highest flexibility, but is also the least user-friendly, since it requires a hard-coded filter to set.
#'
@ -88,6 +88,10 @@
#' # and erythromycin is not a penicillin:
#' example_isolates[, penicillins() & administrable_per_os()]
#'
#' # ab_selector() applies a filter in the `antibiotics` data set and is thus very
#' # flexible. For instance, to select antibiotic columns with an oral DDD of at
#' # least 1 gram:
#' example_isolates[, ab_selector(oral_ddd > 1 & oral_units == "g")]
#'
#' # dplyr -------------------------------------------------------------------
#' \donttest{
@ -159,7 +163,7 @@ ab_class <- function(ab_class,
meet_criteria(ab_class, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE)
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(only_treatable, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_select_exec(NULL, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, ab_class = ab_class, only_treatable = only_treatable)
ab_select_exec(NULL, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, ab_class_args = ab_class, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
@ -455,7 +459,7 @@ ureidopenicillins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, ...) {
ab_select_exec <- function(function_name,
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
only_treatable = FALSE,
ab_class = NULL) {
ab_class_args = NULL) {
# get_current_data() has to run each time, for cases where e.g., filter() and select() are used in same call
# but it only takes a couple of milliseconds
vars_df <- get_current_data(arg_name = NA, call = -3)
@ -483,7 +487,7 @@ ab_select_exec <- function(function_name,
return(NULL)
}
if (is.null(ab_class)) {
if (is.null(ab_class_args)) {
# their upper case equivalent are vectors with class <ab>, created in data-raw/_internals.R
# carbapenems() gets its codes from AMR:::AB_CARBAPENEMS
abx <- get(paste0("AB_", toupper(function_name)), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
@ -495,12 +499,12 @@ ab_select_exec <- function(function_name,
} else {
# this for the 'manual' ab_class() function
abx <- subset(AB_lookup,
group %like% ab_class |
atc_group1 %like% ab_class |
atc_group2 %like% ab_class)$ab
ab_group <- find_ab_group(ab_class)
group %like% ab_class_args |
atc_group1 %like% ab_class_args |
atc_group2 %like% ab_class_args)$ab
ab_group <- find_ab_group(ab_class_args)
function_name <- "ab_class"
examples <- paste0(" (such as ", find_ab_names(ab_class, 2), ")")
examples <- paste0(" (such as ", find_ab_names(ab_class_args, 2), ")")
}
# get the columns with a group names in the chosen ab class
@ -509,7 +513,8 @@ ab_select_exec <- function(function_name,
message_agent_names(function_name = function_name,
agents = agents,
ab_group = ab_group,
examples = examples)
examples = examples,
ab_class_args = ab_class_args)
structure(unname(agents),
class = c("ab_selector", "character"))
@ -666,12 +671,12 @@ is_all <- function(el1) {
syscall %like% paste0("[^_a-zA-Z0-9]all\\(", "(c\\()?", el1)
}
find_ab_group <- function(ab_class) {
ab_class <- gsub("[^a-zA-Z0-9]", ".*", ab_class)
find_ab_group <- function(ab_class_args) {
ab_class_args <- gsub("[^a-zA-Z0-9]", ".*", ab_class_args)
AB_lookup %pm>%
subset(group %like% ab_class |
atc_group1 %like% ab_class |
atc_group2 %like% ab_class) %pm>%
subset(group %like% ab_class_args |
atc_group1 %like% ab_class_args |
atc_group2 %like% ab_class_args) %pm>%
pm_pull(group) %pm>%
unique() %pm>%
tolower() %pm>%
@ -703,7 +708,7 @@ find_ab_names <- function(ab_group, n = 3) {
quotes = FALSE)
}
message_agent_names <- function(function_name, agents, ab_group = NULL, examples = "", call = NULL) {
message_agent_names <- function(function_name, agents, ab_group = NULL, examples = "", ab_class_args = NULL, call = NULL) {
if (message_not_thrown_before(paste0(function_name, ".", paste(sort(agents), collapse = "|")))) {
if (length(agents) == 0) {
if (is.null(ab_group)) {
@ -722,7 +727,7 @@ message_agent_names <- function(function_name, agents, ab_group = NULL, examples
agents_formatted[need_name] <- paste0(agents_formatted[need_name], " (", agents_names[need_name], ")")
message_("For `", function_name, "(",
ifelse(function_name == "ab_class",
paste0("\"", ab_class, "\""),
paste0("\"", ab_class_args, "\""),
ifelse(!is.null(call),
paste0(deparse(call), collapse = " "),
"")),

15
R/ab_property.R
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@ -283,12 +283,6 @@ ab_ddd <- function(x, administration = "oral", ...) {
meet_criteria(administration, is_in = c("oral", "iv"), has_length = 1)
x <- as.ab(x, ...)
if (any(ab_name(x, language = NULL) %like% "/")) {
warning_("DDDs of combined products are available for different dose combinations and not (yet) part of the AMR package. ",
"Please refer to the WHOCC website:\n",
"www.whocc.no/ddd/list_of_ddds_combined_products/", call = FALSE)
}
ddd_prop <- administration
# old behaviour
units <- list(...)$units
@ -301,7 +295,14 @@ ab_ddd <- function(x, administration = "oral", ...) {
} else {
ddd_prop <- paste0(ddd_prop, "_ddd")
}
ab_validate(x = x, property = ddd_prop)
out <- ab_validate(x = x, property = ddd_prop)
if (any(ab_name(x, language = NULL) %like% "/" & is.na(out)) ) {
warning_("DDDs of some combined products are available for different dose combinations and not (yet) part of the AMR package. ",
"Please refer to the WHOCC website:\n",
"www.whocc.no/ddd/list_of_ddds_combined_products/", call = FALSE)
}
out
}
#' @rdname ab_property

23
R/atc_online.R
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@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
#' Get ATC Properties from WHOCC Website
#'
#' Gets data from the WHO to determine properties of an ATC (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit.
#' Gets data from the WHOCC website to determine properties of an Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit.
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable Lifecycle
#' @param atc_code a [character] or [character] vector with ATC code(s) of antibiotic(s)
#' @param atc_code a [character] (vector) with ATC code(s) of antibiotics, will be coerced with [as.ab()] and [ab_atc()] internally if not a valid ATC code
#' @param property property of an ATC code. Valid values are `"ATC"`, `"Name"`, `"DDD"`, `"U"` (`"unit"`), `"Adm.R"`, `"Note"` and `groups`. For this last option, all hierarchical groups of an ATC code will be returned, see *Examples*.
#' @param administration type of administration when using `property = "Adm.R"`, see *Details*
#' @param url url of website of the WHOCC. The sign `%s` can be used as a placeholder for ATC codes.
@ -68,6 +68,7 @@
#' if (requireNamespace("curl") && requireNamespace("rvest") && requireNamespace("xml2")) {
#' # oral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin
#' atc_online_property("J01CA04", "DDD", "O")
#' atc_online_ddd(ab_atc("amox"))
#'
#' # parenteral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin
#' atc_online_property("J01CA04", "DDD", "P")
@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ atc_online_property <- function(atc_code,
url = "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=%s&showdescription=no",
url_vet = "https://www.whocc.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=%s&showdescription=no") {
meet_criteria(atc_code, allow_class = "character")
meet_criteria(property, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, is_in = c("ATC", "Name", "DDD", "U", "Adm.R", "Note", "groups"), ignore.case = TRUE)
meet_criteria(property, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, is_in = c("ATC", "Name", "DDD", "U", "unit", "Adm.R", "Note", "groups"), ignore.case = TRUE)
meet_criteria(administration, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(url, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, looks_like = "https?://")
meet_criteria(url_vet, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, looks_like = "https?://")
@ -108,12 +109,11 @@ atc_online_property <- function(atc_code,
return(rep(NA, length(atc_code)))
}
# also allow unit as property
if (property %like% "unit") {
property <- "U"
}
property <- tolower(property)
# also allow unit as property
if (property == "unit") {
property <- "u"
}
if (property == "ddd") {
returnvalue <- rep(NA_real_, length(atc_code))
} else if (property == "groups") {
@ -206,3 +206,10 @@ atc_online_ddd <- function(atc_code, ...) {
meet_criteria(atc_code, allow_class = "character")
atc_online_property(atc_code = atc_code, property = "ddd", ...)
}
#' @rdname atc_online
#' @export
atc_online_ddd_units <- function(atc_code, ...) {
meet_criteria(atc_code, allow_class = "character")
atc_online_property(atc_code = atc_code, property = "unit", ...)
}

8
R/data.R
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@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
# how to conduct AMR data analysis: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/ #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Data Sets with `r format(nrow(antibiotics) + nrow(antivirals), big.mark = ",")` Antimicrobials
#' Data Sets with `r format(nrow(antibiotics) + nrow(antivirals), big.mark = ",")` Antimicrobial Drugs
#'
#' Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use [as.ab()] or one of the [`ab_*`][ab_property()] functions to retrieve values from the [antibiotics] data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (`ab`, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (`atc`) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (`cid`) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes. Note that some drugs have multiple ATC codes.
#' @format
@ -37,9 +37,9 @@
#' - `atc_group2`\cr Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like `"Macrolides"`
#' - `abbr`\cr List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)
#' - `synonyms`\cr Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID
#' - `oral_ddd`\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment
#' - `oral_ddd`\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for `r sum(!is.na(antibiotics$oral_ddd))` drugs
#' - `oral_units`\cr Units of `oral_ddd`
#' - `iv_ddd`\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment
#' - `iv_ddd`\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for `r sum(!is.na(antibiotics$iv_ddd))` drugs
#' - `iv_units`\cr Units of `iv_ddd`
#' - `loinc`\cr All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use [ab_loinc()] to retrieve them quickly, see [ab_property()].
#'
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
#' - `iv_units`\cr Units of `iv_ddd`
#' @details Properties that are based on an ATC code are only available when an ATC is available. These properties are: `atc_group1`, `atc_group2`, `oral_ddd`, `oral_units`, `iv_ddd` and `iv_units`.
#'
#' Synonyms (i.e. trade names) are derived from the Compound ID (`cid`) and consequently only available where a CID is available.
#' Synonyms (i.e. trade names) were derived from the Compound ID (`cid`) and consequently only available where a CID is available.
#'
#' ## Direct download
#' These data sets are available as 'flat files' for use even without \R - you can find the files here:

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aacf86b0d2e8a0057fea296eeab20960
9f708801889d2eaf974c6eb85c83a8e7

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data-raw/antibiotics.txt
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
\"piramox\", \"robamox\", \"sawamox pm\", \"tolodina\", \"unicillin\", \"utimox\", \"vetramox\")" 1.5 "g" 3 "g" "c(\"16365-9\", \"25274-2\", \"3344-9\", \"80133-2\")"
"AMC" 23665637 "Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CR02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"a/c\", \"amcl\", \"aml\", \"aug\", \"xl\")" "c(\"amocla\", \"amoclan\", \"amoclav\", \"amoxsiklav\", \"augmentan\", \"augmentin\", \"augmentin xr\", \"augmentine\", \"auspilic\", \"clamentin\", \"clamobit\", \"clavamox\", \"clavinex\", \"clavoxilin plus\", \"clavulin\", \"clavumox\", \"coamoxiclav\", \"eumetinex\", \"kmoxilin\", \"spectramox\", \"spektramox\", \"viaclav\", \"xiclav\")" 1.5 "g" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"AXS" 465441 "Amoxicillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"AMB" 5280965 "Amphotericin B" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB04\", \"A07AA07\", \"G01AA03\", \"J02AA01\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Antibiotics" "c(\"amf\", \"amfb\", \"amph\")" "c(\"abelcet\", \"abelecet\", \"ambisome\", \"amfotericina b\", \"amphocin\", \"amphomoronal\", \"amphortericin b\", \"amphotec\", \"amphotericin\", \"amphotericin b\", \"amphotericine b\", \"amphotericinum b\", \"amphozone\", \"anfotericine b\", \"fungilin\", \"fungisome\", \"fungisone\", \"fungizone\", \"halizon\")" 35 "mg" "c(\"16370-9\", \"3353-0\", \"3354-8\", \"40707-2\", \"40757-7\", \"49859-2\")"
"AMB" 5280965 "Amphotericin B" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB04\", \"A07AA07\", \"G01AA03\", \"J02AA01\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Antibiotics" "c(\"amf\", \"amfb\", \"amph\")" "c(\"abelcet\", \"abelecet\", \"ambisome\", \"amfotericina b\", \"amphocin\", \"amphomoronal\", \"amphortericin b\", \"amphotec\", \"amphotericin\", \"amphotericin b\", \"amphotericine b\", \"amphotericinum b\", \"amphozone\", \"anfotericine b\", \"fungilin\", \"fungisome\", \"fungisone\", \"fungizone\", \"halizon\")" 40 "mg" 35 "mg" "c(\"16370-9\", \"3353-0\", \"3354-8\", \"40707-2\", \"40757-7\", \"49859-2\")"
"AMH" "Amphotericin B-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"amfo b high\", \"amhl\", \"ampho b high\", \"amphotericin high\")" "" ""
"AMP" 6249 "Ampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "c(\"J01CA01\", \"S01AA19\")" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"am\", \"amp\", \"ampi\")" "c(\"acillin\", \"adobacillin\", \"amblosin\", \"amcill\", \"amfipen\", \"amfipen v\", \"amipenix s\", \"ampichel\", \"ampicil\", \"ampicilina\", \"ampicillin\", \"ampicillin a\", \"ampicillin acid\", \"ampicillin anhydrate\", \"ampicillin anhydrous\", \"ampicillin base\", \"ampicillin sodium\", \"ampicillina\", \"ampicilline\", \"ampicillinum\", \"ampicin\", \"ampifarm\", \"ampikel\", \"ampimed\", \"ampipenin\", \"ampiscel\", \"ampisyn\", \"ampivax\", \"ampivet\", \"amplacilina\", \"amplin\", \"amplipenyl\", \"amplisom\", \"amplital\", \"anhydrous ampicillin\", \"austrapen\",
\"binotal\", \"bonapicillin\", \"britacil\", \"campicillin\", \"copharcilin\", \"delcillin\", \"deripen\", \"divercillin\", \"doktacillin\", \"duphacillin\", \"grampenil\", \"guicitrina\", \"guicitrine\", \"lifeampil\", \"marcillin\", \"morepen\", \"norobrittin\", \"nuvapen\", \"olin kid\", \"omnipen\", \"orbicilina\", \"pen a oral\", \"pen ampil\", \"penbristol\", \"penbritin\", \"penbritin paediatric\", \"penbritin syrup\", \"penbrock\", \"penicline\", \"penimic\", \"pensyn\", \"pentrex\", \"pentrexl\", \"pentrexyl\", \"pentritin\", \"pfizerpen a\", \"polycillin\", \"polyflex\",
@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
"ANI" 166548 "Anidulafungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AX06" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "anid" "c(\"anidulafungin\", \"anidulafungina\", \"anidulafungine\", \"anidulafunginum\", \"ecalta\", \"eraxis\")" 0.1 "g" "58420-1"
"APL" 6602341 "Apalcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"apalcilina\", \"apalcillin\", \"apalcilline\", \"apalcillinum\")" "character(0)"
"APR" 3081545 "Apramycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"ambylan\", \"apralan\", \"apramicina\", \"apramycin\", \"apramycine\", \"apramycinum\", \"nebramycin ii\")" "character(0)"
"ARB" 68682 "Arbekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB12" "" "c(\"arbekacin\", \"arbekacina\", \"arbekacine\", \"arbekacini sulfas\", \"arbekacinum\", \"habekacin\", \"haberacin\")" "character(0)"
"APX" 71961 "Aspoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA19" "" "c(\"aspoxicilina\", \"aspoxicillan\", \"aspoxicillin\", \"aspoxicilline\", \"aspoxicillinum\")" "character(0)"
"ARB" 68682 "Arbekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB12" "" "c(\"arbekacin\", \"arbekacina\", \"arbekacine\", \"arbekacini sulfas\", \"arbekacinum\", \"habekacin\", \"haberacin\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"APX" 71961 "Aspoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA19" "" "c(\"aspoxicilina\", \"aspoxicillan\", \"aspoxicillin\", \"aspoxicilline\", \"aspoxicillinum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"AST" 5284517 "Astromicin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"astromicin\", \"astromicin a\", \"astromicina\", \"astromicine\", \"astromicinum\", \"fortimicin a\")" "character(0)"
"AVB" 9835049 "Avibactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"avibactam\", \"avibactam free acid\")" "character(0)"
"AVI" 71674 "Avilamycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"avilamycin\", \"avilamycina\", \"avilamycine\", \"avilamycinum\", \"surmax\")" "character(0)"
@ -33,23 +33,23 @@
"AZA" "Aztreonam/avibactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"BAM" 441397 "Bacampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA06" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"bacampicilina\", \"bacampicillin\", \"bacampicilline\", \"bacampicillinum\", \"penglobe\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"BAC" 78358334 "Bacitracin zinc" "Other antibacterials" "R02AB04" "baci" "" ""
"BDQ" 5388906 "Bedaquiline" "Other antibacterials" "J04AK05" "" "c(\"bedaquiline\", \"sirturo\")" "80637-2"
"BEK" 439318 "Bekanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB13" "" "c(\"aminodeoxykanamycin\", \"becanamicina\", \"bekanamycin\", \"bekanamycine\", \"bekanamycinum\", \"nebramycin v\")" "character(0)"
"BDQ" 5388906 "Bedaquiline" "Other antibacterials" "J04AK05" "" "c(\"bedaquiline\", \"sirturo\")" 86 "mg" "80637-2"
"BEK" 439318 "Bekanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB13" "" "c(\"aminodeoxykanamycin\", \"becanamicina\", \"bekanamycin\", \"bekanamycine\", \"bekanamycinum\", \"nebramycin v\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"BNB" "Benzathine benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE08" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "" 3.6 "g" ""
"BNP" 64725 "Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE10" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"bicillin v\", \"biphecillin\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PEN" 5904 "Benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "c(\"J01CE01\", \"S01AA14\")" "Combinations of antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "c(\"bepe\", \"pen\", \"peni\", \"peni g\", \"penicillin\", \"penicillin g\", \"pg\")" "c(\"abbocillin\", \"ayercillin\", \"bencilpenicilina\", \"benzopenicillin\", \"benzyl penicillin\", \"benzylpenicillin\", \"benzylpenicillin g\", \"benzylpenicilline\", \"benzylpenicillinum\", \"bicillin\", \"cillora\", \"cilloral\", \"cilopen\", \"compocillin g\", \"cosmopen\", \"dropcillin\", \"free penicillin g\", \"free penicillin ii\", \"galofak\", \"gelacillin\", \"liquacillin\", \"megacillin\", \"pencillin g\", \"penicillin\", \"penicilling\", \"pentids\", \"permapen\", \"pfizerpen\", \"pfizerpen g\", \"pharmacillin\", \"pradupen\", \"specilline g\", \"ursopen\"
)" 3.6 "g" "3913-1"
"BES" 10178705 "Besifloxacin" "Quinolones" "S01AE08" "" "besifloxacin" "character(0)"
"BIA" 71339 "Biapenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH05" "" "c(\"biapenem\", \"biapenern\", \"bipenem\", \"omegacin\")" "character(0)"
"BIA" 71339 "Biapenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH05" "" "c(\"biapenem\", \"biapenern\", \"bipenem\", \"omegacin\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"BCZ" 65807 "Bicyclomycin (Bicozamycin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aizumycin\", \"bacfeed\", \"bacteron\", \"bicozamicina\", \"bicozamycin\", \"bicozamycine\", \"bicozamycinum\")" "character(0)"
"BDP" 68760 "Brodimoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EA02" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Trimethoprim and derivatives" "" "c(\"brodimoprim\", \"brodimoprima\", \"brodimoprime\", \"brodimoprimum\", \"bromdimoprim\", \"hyprim\", \"unitrim\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"BUT" 47472 "Butoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "G01AF15" "" "c(\"butaconazole\", \"butoconazol\", \"butoconazole\", \"butoconazolum\", \"compositenstarke\", \"dahlin\", \"femstat\", \"gynofort\", \"polyfructosanum\")" "character(0)"
"CDZ" 44242317 "Cadazolid" "Oxazolidinones" "" "cadazolid" "character(0)"
"CLA" "Calcium aminosalicylate" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AA03" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "" 15 ""
"CLA" "Calcium aminosalicylate" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AA03" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "" 15 "g" ""
"CAP" 135565060 "Capreomycin" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AB30" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "c(\"\", \"capr\")" "" 1 "g" ""
"CRB" 20824 "Carbenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA03" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"bar\", \"carb\", \"cb\")" "c(\"anabactyl\", \"carbenicilina\", \"carbenicillin\", \"carbenicillina\", \"carbenicilline\", \"carbenicillinum\", \"geopen\", \"pyopen\")" 12 "g" "3434-8"
"CRN" 93184 "Carindacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA05" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"carindacilina\", \"carindacillin\", \"carindacilline\", \"carindacillinum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CAR" 6540466 "Carumonam" "Other antibacterials" "J01DF02" "" "c(\"carumonam\", \"carumonamum\")" "character(0)"
"CAR" 6540466 "Carumonam" "Other antibacterials" "J01DF02" "" "c(\"carumonam\", \"carumonamum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CAS" 2826718 "Caspofungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AX04" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "casp" "c(\"cancidas\", \"capsofungin\", \"caspofungin\")" 50 "mg" "58419-3"
"CAC" 91562 "Cefacetrile" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB10" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefacetril\", \"cefacetrile\", \"cefacetrilo\", \"cefacetrilum\", \"celospor\", \"celtol\", \"cephacetrile\", \"cristacef\", \"vetrimast\")" "character(0)"
"CEC" 51039 "Cefaclor" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"ccl\", \"cec\", \"cf\", \"cfac\", \"cfc\", \"cfcl\", \"cfr\", \"fac\")" "c(\"alenfral\", \"alfacet\", \"ceclor\", \"ceclor cd\", \"cefaclor\", \"cefaclor anhydrous\", \"cefaclor monohydrate\", \"cefacloro\", \"cefaclorum\", \"cefeaclor\", \"cephaclor\", \"dystaclor mr\", \"keflor\", \"kefral\", \"raniclor\")" 1 "g" "c(\"16564-7\", \"21149-0\")"
@ -59,8 +59,8 @@
"CTZ" 6410758 "Cefatrizine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB07" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"bricef\", \"cefatrix\", \"cefatrizine\", \"cefatrizino\", \"cefatrizinum\", \"cepticol\", \"cetrazil\", \"latocef\", \"orosporina\", \"trizina\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CZD" 71736 "Cefazedone" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB06" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefazedon\", \"cefazedona\", \"cefazedone\", \"cefazedone acid\", \"cefazedonum\", \"refosporen\", \"refosporene\", \"refosporin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"CZO" 33255 "Cefazolin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfz\", \"cfzl\", \"cz\", \"czol\", \"faz\", \"kz\")" "c(\"atirin\", \"cefamezin\", \"cefamezine\", \"cefazina\", \"cefazolin\", \"cefazolin acid\", \"cefazolina\", \"cefazoline\", \"cefazolinum\", \"cephamezine\", \"cephazolidin\", \"cephazolin\", \"cephazoline\", \"elzogram\", \"firmacef\", \"kefzol\", \"liviclina\", \"totacef\")" 3 "g" "c(\"16566-2\", \"25235-3\", \"3442-1\", \"3443-9\", \"80962-4\")"
"CFB" 127527 "Cefbuperazone" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC13" "" "c(\"cefbuperazona\", \"cefbuperazone\", \"cefbuperazonum\", \"cefbuperzaone\", \"cerbuperazone\", \"tomiporan\")" "character(0)"
"CCP" 6436055 "Cefcapene" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD17" "" "c(\"cefcamate\", \"cefcapene\")" "character(0)"
"CFB" 127527 "Cefbuperazone" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC13" "" "c(\"cefbuperazona\", \"cefbuperazone\", \"cefbuperazonum\", \"cefbuperzaone\", \"cerbuperazone\", \"tomiporan\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CCP" 6436055 "Cefcapene" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD17" "" "c(\"cefcamate\", \"cefcapene\")" 0.45 "g" "character(0)"
"CCX" 5282438 "Cefcapene pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefcamate pivoxil\", \"cefcapene piroxil\")" "character(0)"
"CDR" 6915944 "Cefdinir" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD15" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cd\", \"cdn\", \"cdr\", \"cfd\", \"din\")" "c(\"cefdinir\", \"cefdinirum\", \"cefdinyl\", \"cefdirnir\", \"ceftinex\", \"cefzon\", \"omnicef\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"DIT" 9870843 "Cefditoren" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD16" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "cdn" "cefditoren" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
"CFM" 5362065 "Cefixime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD08" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfe\", \"cfix\", \"cfxm\", \"dcfm\", \"fix\", \"ix\")" "c(\"cefixim\", \"cefixima\", \"cefixime\", \"cefixime anhydrous\", \"cefiximum\", \"cefixoral\", \"cefspan\", \"cephoral\", \"denvar\", \"necopen\", \"suprax\", \"tricef\", \"unixime\")" 0.4 "g" "c(\"16567-0\", \"25236-1\")"
"CMX" 9570757 "Cefmenoxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD05" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"bestron\", \"cefmax\", \"cefmenoxima\", \"cefmenoxime\", \"cefmenoximum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CMZ" 42008 "Cefmetazole" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC09" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefmetazole\", \"cefmetazolo\", \"cefmetazolum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CNX" 71141 "Cefminox" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC12" "" "c(\"cefminox\", \"cefminoxum\")" "character(0)"
"CNX" 71141 "Cefminox" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC12" "" "c(\"cefminox\", \"cefminoxum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"DIZ" 5361871 "Cefodizime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD09" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefodizima\", \"cefodizime\", \"cefodizime acid\", \"cefodizimum\", \"cefodizme\", \"diezime\", \"modivid\", \"neucef\", \"timecef\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CID" 43594 "Cefonicid" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC06" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefonicid\", \"cefonicido\", \"cefonicidum\", \"monocef\")" 1 "g" "c(\"25237-9\", \"3444-7\")"
"CFP" 44187 "Cefoperazone" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD12" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfp\", \"cfpz\", \"cp\", \"cpz\", \"fop\", \"per\")" "c(\"bioperazone\", \"cefobid\", \"cefoperazine\", \"cefoperazon\", \"cefoperazone\", \"cefoperazone acid\", \"cefoperazono\", \"cefoperazonum\", \"cefozon\", \"medocef\", \"myticef\", \"pathozone\", \"peracef\")" 4 "g" "3445-4"
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
"FOV" 9578573 "Cefovecin" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"FOX" 441199 "Cefoxitin" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfox\", \"cfx\", \"cfxt\", \"cx\", \"fox\", \"fx\")" "c(\"cefoxitin\", \"cefoxitina\", \"cefoxitine\", \"cefoxitinum\", \"cefoxotin\", \"cephoxitin\", \"mefoxin\", \"mefoxitin\", \"rephoxitin\")" 6 "g" "c(\"25240-3\", \"3448-8\")"
"FOX1" "Cefoxitin screening" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "cfsc" "" ""
"ZOP" 9571080 "Cefozopran" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "J01DE03" "" "cefozopran" "character(0)"
"ZOP" 9571080 "Cefozopran" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "J01DE03" "" "cefozopran" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CFZ" 68597 "Cefpimizole" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefpimizol\", \"cefpimizole\", \"cefpimizole sodium\", \"cefpimizolum\")" "character(0)"
"CPM" 636405 "Cefpiramide" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD11" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefpiramide\", \"cefpiramide acid\", \"cefpiramido\", \"cefpiramidum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CPO" 5479539 "Cefpirome" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "J01DE02" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Fourth-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"cfpr\")" "c(\"broact\", \"cefpiroma\", \"cefpirome\", \"cefpiromum\", \"cefrom\", \"cerfpirome\", \"keiten\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
@ -102,15 +102,15 @@
"CDC" "Cefpodoxime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cecl\")" "" ""
"CPR" 5281006 "Cefprozil" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC10" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cpr\", \"cpz\", \"fp\")" "c(\"arzimol\", \"brisoral\", \"cefprozil\", \"cefprozil anhydrous\", \"cefprozil hydrate\", \"cefprozilo\", \"cefprozilum\", \"cefzil\", \"cronocef\", \"procef\", \"serozil\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CEQ" 5464355 "Cefquinome" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "c(\"cefquinoma\", \"cefquinome\", \"cefquinomum\", \"cobactan\")" "character(0)"
"CRD" 5284529 "Cefroxadine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB11" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefroxadine\", \"cefroxadino\", \"cefroxadinum\")" 2.1 "character(0)"
"CRD" 5284529 "Cefroxadine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB11" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefroxadine\", \"cefroxadino\", \"cefroxadinum\")" 2.1 "g" "character(0)"
"CFS" 656575 "Cefsulodin" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD03" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfsl\", \"cfsu\")" "c(\"cefsulodin\", \"cefsulodine\", \"cefsulodino\", \"cefsulodinum\")" 4 "g" "c(\"131-3\", \"25242-9\")"
"CSU" 68718 "Cefsumide" "Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.)" "" "c(\"cefsumide\", \"cefsumido\", \"cefsumidum\")" "character(0)"
"CPT" 56841980 "Ceftaroline" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI02" "c(\"\", \"cfro\")" "c(\"teflaro\", \"zinforo\")" 1.2 "character(0)"
"CPT" 56841980 "Ceftaroline" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI02" "c(\"\", \"cfro\")" "c(\"teflaro\", \"zinforo\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"CPA" "Ceftaroline/avibactam" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CAZ" 5481173 "Ceftazidime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD02" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"caz\", \"cefta\", \"cfta\", \"cftz\", \"taz\", \"tz\", \"xtz\")" "c(\"ceftazidim\", \"ceftazidima\", \"ceftazidime\", \"ceftazidimum\", \"ceptaz\", \"fortaz\", \"fortum\", \"pentacef\", \"tazicef\", \"tazidime\")" 4 "g" "c(\"21151-6\", \"3449-6\", \"80960-8\")"
"CZA" 90643431 "Ceftazidime/avibactam" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cfav\")" "c(\"avycaz\", \"zavicefta\")" ""
"CCV" 9575352 "Ceftazidime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD52" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"czcl\", \"xtzl\")" "" 6 "g" ""
"CEM" 6537431 "Cefteram" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD18" "" "c(\"cefteram\", \"cefterame\", \"cefteramum\", \"ceftetrame\")" "character(0)"
"CEM" 6537431 "Cefteram" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD18" "" "c(\"cefteram\", \"cefterame\", \"cefteramum\", \"ceftetrame\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"CPL" 5362114 "Cefteram pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefteram pivoxil\", \"tomiron\")" "character(0)"
"CTL" 65755 "Ceftezole" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB12" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"ceftezol\", \"ceftezole\", \"ceftezolo\", \"ceftezolum\", \"demethylcefazolin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"CTB" 5282242 "Ceftibuten" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD14" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cb\", \"cfbu\", \"ctb\", \"tib\")" "c(\"ceftem\", \"ceftibuten\", \"ceftibuten hydrate\", \"ceftibutene\", \"ceftibuteno\", \"ceftibutenum\", \"cephem\", \"ceprifran\", \"isocef\", \"keimax\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
"CZP" 9578661 "Ceftizoxime alapivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"BPR" 135413542 "Ceftobiprole" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "ceftobiprole" "character(0)"
"CFM1" 135413544 "Ceftobiprole medocaril" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "" 1.5 "g" ""
"CEI" "Ceftolozane/enzyme inhibitor" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI54" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "" 3 ""
"CEI" "Ceftolozane/enzyme inhibitor" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI54" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "" 3 "g" ""
"CZT" "Ceftolozane/tazobactam" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CRO" 5479530 "Ceftriaxone" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"axo\", \"cax\", \"cftr\", \"cro\", \"ctr\", \"frx\", \"tx\")" "c(\"biotrakson\", \"cefatriaxone\", \"cefatriaxone hydrate\", \"ceftriaxon\", \"ceftriaxona\", \"ceftriaxone\", \"ceftriaxone sodium\", \"ceftriaxonum\", \"ceftriazone\", \"cephtriaxone\", \"longacef\", \"rocefin\", \"rocephalin\", \"rocephin\", \"rocephine\", \"rophex\")" 2 "g" "c(\"25244-5\", \"3451-2\", \"80957-4\")"
"CXM" 5479529 "Cefuroxime" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "c(\"J01DC02\", \"S01AA27\")" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfrx\", \"cfur\", \"cfx\", \"crm\", \"cxm\", \"fur\", \"rox\", \"xm\")" "c(\"biofuroksym\", \"cefuril\", \"cefuroxim\", \"cefuroxime\", \"cefuroximine\", \"cefuroximo\", \"cefuroximum\", \"cephuroxime\", \"kefurox\", \"sharox\", \"zinacef\", \"zinacef danmark\")" 0.5 "g" 3 "g" "c(\"25245-2\", \"3452-0\", \"80608-3\", \"80617-4\")"
@ -156,22 +156,22 @@
"CTR" 2812 "Clotrimazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB18\", \"D01AC01\", \"G01AF02\")" "clot" "c(\"canesten\", \"canesten cream\", \"canesten solution\", \"canestene\", \"canestine\", \"canifug\", \"chlotrimazole\", \"cimitidine\", \"clomatin\", \"clotrimaderm\", \"clotrimaderm cream\", \"clotrimazol\", \"clotrimazole\", \"clotrimazolum\", \"cutistad\", \"desamix f\", \"diphenylmethane\", \"empecid\", \"esparol\", \"fem care\", \"femcare\", \"gyne lotrimin\", \"jidesheng\", \"kanesten\", \"klotrimazole\", \"lotrimax\", \"lotrimin\", \"lotrimin af\", \"lotrimin af cream\", \"lotrimin af lotion\", \"lotrimin af solution\", \"lotrimin cream\", \"lotrimin lotion\",
\"lotrimin solution\", \"monobaycuten\", \"mycelax\", \"mycelex\", \"mycelex cream\", \"mycelex g\", \"mycelex otc\", \"mycelex solution\", \"mycelex troches\", \"mycelex twin pack\", \"myclo cream\", \"myclo solution\", \"myclo spray solution\", \"mycofug\", \"mycosporin\", \"mykosporin\", \"nalbix\", \"otomax\", \"pedisafe\", \"rimazole\", \"stiemazol\", \"tibatin\", \"trimysten\", \"veltrim\")" "character(0)"
"CLO" 6098 "Cloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"\", \"clox\")" "c(\"chloroxacillin\", \"clossacillina\", \"cloxacilina\", \"cloxacillin\", \"cloxacillin sodium\", \"cloxacilline\", \"cloxacillinna\", \"cloxacillinum\", \"cloxapen\", \"methocillin s\", \"orbenin\", \"syntarpen\", \"tegopen\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"16628-0\", \"25250-2\")"
"COL" 5311054 "Colistin" "Polymyxins" "c(\"A07AA10\", \"J01XB01\")" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"cl\", \"coli\", \"cs\", \"cst\", \"ct\")" "c(\"belcomycine\", \"colimycin\", \"colimycin sulphate\", \"colisticin\", \"colistimethate\", \"colistimethate sodium\", \"colistin sulfate\", \"colistin sulphate\", \"colomycin\", \"coly-mycin\", \"polymyxin e\", \"polymyxin e. sulfate\", \"promixin\", \"totazina\")" 9 "MU" "c(\"16645-4\", \"29493-4\")"
"COL" 5311054 "Colistin" "Polymyxins" "c(\"A07AA10\", \"J01XB01\")" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"cl\", \"coli\", \"cs\", \"cst\", \"ct\")" "c(\"belcomycine\", \"colimycin\", \"colimycin sulphate\", \"colisticin\", \"colistimethate\", \"colistimethate sodium\", \"colistin sulfate\", \"colistin sulphate\", \"colomycin\", \"coly-mycin\", \"polymyxin e\", \"polymyxin e. sulfate\", \"promixin\", \"totazina\")" 9 "MU" 9 "MU" "c(\"16645-4\", \"29493-4\")"
"COP" "Colistin/polysorbate" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"CYC" 6234 "Cycloserine" "Oxazolidinones" "J04AB01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "cycl" "c(\"cicloserina\", \"closerin\", \"closina\", \"cyclorin\", \"cycloserin\", \"cycloserine\", \"cycloserinum\", \"farmiserina\", \"micoserina\", \"miroserina\", \"miroseryn\", \"novoserin\", \"oxamicina\", \"oxamycin\", \"seromycin\", \"tebemicina\", \"tisomycin\", \"wasserina\")" 0.75 "g" "c(\"16702-3\", \"25251-0\", \"3519-6\")"
"DAL" 23724878 "Dalbavancin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA04" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "dalb" "c(\"dalbavancin\", \"dalvance\")" 1.5 "character(0)"
"DAL" 23724878 "Dalbavancin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA04" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "dalb" "c(\"dalbavancin\", \"dalvance\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"DAN" 71335 "Danofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"advocin\", \"danofloxacin\", \"danofloxacine\", \"danofloxacino\", \"danofloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"DPS" 2955 "Dapsone" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"D10AX05\", \"J04BA02\")" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "" "c(\"aczone\", \"araldite ht\", \"atrisone\", \"avlosulfon\", \"avlosulfone\", \"avlosulphone\", \"avsulfor\", \"bis sulfone\", \"bissulfone\", \"bissulphone\", \"croysulfone\", \"croysulphone\", \"dapson\", \"dapsona\", \"dapsone\", \"dapsonum\", \"di sulfone\", \"diaphenyl sulfone\", \"diaphenylsulfon\", \"diaphenylsulfone\", \"diaphenylsulphon\", \"diaphenylsulphone\", \"dimitone\", \"diphenasone\", \"diphone\", \"disulfone\", \"disulone\", \"disulphone\", \"dubronax\", \"dubronaz\", \"dumitone\", \"eporal\", \"metabolite c\", \"novophone\", \"protogen\", \"servidapson\",
\"slphadione\", \"sulfadione\", \"sulfona\", \"sulfone ucb\", \"sulfonyldianiline\", \"sulphadione\", \"sulphonyldianiline\", \"sumicure s\", \"tarimyl\", \"udolac\", \"wln: zr dswr dz\")" 50 "mg" "9747-7"
"DAP" 16134395 "Daptomycin" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX09" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"dap\", \"dapt\")" "c(\"cidecin\", \"cubicin\", \"dapcin\", \"daptomicina\", \"daptomycine\", \"daptomycinum\")" 0.28 "g" "character(0)"
"DFX" 487101 "Delafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA23" "" "c(\"baxdela\", \"delafloxacin\", \"delafloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"DLM" 6480466 "Delamanid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK06" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "dela" "c(\"delamanid\", \"deltyba\")" 0.2 "character(0)"
"DFX" 487101 "Delafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA23" "" "c(\"baxdela\", \"delafloxacin\", \"delafloxacinum\")" 0.9 "g" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"DLM" 6480466 "Delamanid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK06" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "dela" "c(\"delamanid\", \"deltyba\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"DEM" 54680690 "Demeclocycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"D06AA01\", \"J01AA01\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bioterciclin\", \"clortetrin\", \"deganol\", \"demeclociclina\", \"demeclocycline\", \"demeclocyclinum\", \"demeclor\", \"demetraclin\", \"diuciclin\", \"elkamicina\", \"ledermycin\", \"mexocine\", \"novotriclina\", \"perciclina\", \"sumaclina\")" 0.6 "g" "c(\"10982-7\", \"29494-2\")"
"DKB" 470999 "Dibekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB09" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"debecacin\", \"dibekacin\", \"dibekacin sulfate\", \"dibekacina\", \"dibekacine\", \"dibekacinum\", \"dideoxykanamycin b\", \"kappati\", \"orbicin\", \"panamicin\")" 0.14 "g" "character(0)"
"DIC" 18381 "Dicloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF01" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"\", \"dicl\")" "c(\"dichloroxacillin\", \"diclossacillina\", \"dicloxaciclin\", \"dicloxacilin\", \"dicloxacilina\", \"dicloxacillin\", \"dicloxacillin sodium\", \"dicloxacillina\", \"dicloxacilline\", \"dicloxacillinum\", \"dicloxacycline\", \"dycill\", \"dynapen\", \"maclicine\", \"nm|| dicloxacillin\", \"pathocil\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"10984-3\", \"16769-2\", \"25252-8\")"
"DIF" 56206 "Difloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "difloxacin" "character(0)"
"DIR" 6473883 "Dirithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA13" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"dirithromycin\", \"dirithromycine\", \"dirithromycinum\", \"diritromicina\", \"divitross\", \"dynabac\", \"noriclan\", \"valodin\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"DOR" 73303 "Doripenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "dori" "c(\"doribax\", \"doripenem\", \"doripenem hydrate\", \"finibax\")" 1.5 "character(0)"
"DOR" 73303 "Doripenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "dori" "c(\"doribax\", \"doripenem\", \"doripenem hydrate\", \"finibax\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"DOX" 54671203 "Doxycycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"A01AB22\", \"J01AA02\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"dox\", \"doxy\")" "c(\"atridox\", \"azudoxat\", \"deoxymykoin\", \"dossiciclina\", \"doxcycline anhydrous\", \"doxiciclina\", \"doxitard\", \"doxivetin\", \"doxycen\", \"doxychel\", \"doxycin\", \"doxycyclin\", \"doxycycline\", \"doxycycline calcium\", \"doxycycline hyclate\", \"doxycyclinum\", \"doxylin\", \"doxysol\", \"doxytec\", \"doxytetracycline\", \"hydramycin\", \"investin\", \"jenacyclin\", \"liviatin\", \"monodox\", \"oracea\", \"periostat\", \"ronaxan\", \"spanor\", \"supracyclin\", \"vibramycin\", \"vibramycin novum\", \"vibramycine\", \"vibravenos\", \"zenavod\")" 0.1 "g" 0.1 "g" "c(\"10986-8\", \"21250-6\", \"26902-7\")"
"ECO" 3198 "Econazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC03\", \"G01AF05\")" "Antifungals for topical use" "Imidazole and triazole derivatives" "econ" "c(\"econazol\", \"econazole\", \"econazolum\", \"ecostatin\", \"ecostatin cream\", \"palavale\", \"pevaryl\", \"spectazole\", \"spectazole cream\")" "character(0)"
"ENX" 3229 "Enoxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA04" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"enox\")" "c(\"almitil\", \"bactidan\", \"bactidron\", \"comprecin\", \"enofloxacine\", \"enoksetin\", \"enoram\", \"enoxacin\", \"enoxacina\", \"enoxacine\", \"enoxacino\", \"enoxacinum\", \"enoxen\", \"enoxin\", \"enoxor\", \"flumark\", \"penetrex\")" 0.8 "g" "c(\"16816-1\", \"3590-7\")"
@ -191,11 +191,11 @@
\"thioamide\", \"thiodine\", \"thiomid\", \"thioniden\", \"tianid\", \"tiomid\", \"trecator\", \"trecator sc\", \"trekator\", \"trescatyl\", \"trescazide\", \"tubenamide\", \"tubermin\", \"tuberoid\", \"tuberoson\")" 0.75 "g" "16845-0"
"ETO" 6034 "Ethopabate" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"amprol plus\", \"ethopabat\", \"ethopabate\", \"ethyl pabate\")" "character(0)"
"FAR" 65894 "Faropenem" "Other antibacterials" "J01DI03" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "c(\"faropenem\", \"faropenem sodium\", \"fropenem\", \"fropenum sodium\")" 0.75 "g" "character(0)"
"FDX" 10034073 "Fidaxomicin" "Other antibacterials" "A07AA12" "" "c(\"dificid\", \"dificlir\", \"difimicin\", \"fidaxomicin\", \"lipiarmycin\", \"tiacumicin b\")" "character(0)"
"FDX" 10034073 "Fidaxomicin" "Other antibacterials" "A07AA12" "" "c(\"dificid\", \"dificlir\", \"difimicin\", \"fidaxomicin\", \"lipiarmycin\", \"tiacumicin b\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"FIN" 11567473 "Finafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "finafloxacin" "character(0)"
"FLA" 46783781 "Flavomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "moenomycin complex" "character(0)"
"FLE" 3357 "Fleroxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA08" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"fler\")" "c(\"fleroxacin\", \"fleroxacine\", \"fleroxacino\", \"fleroxacinum\", \"fleroxicin\", \"megalocin\", \"megalone\", \"megalosin\", \"quinodis\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"FLO" 65864 "Flomoxef" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC14" "" "c(\"flomoxef\", \"flomoxefo\", \"flomoxefum\")" "character(0)"
"FLO" 65864 "Flomoxef" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC14" "" "c(\"flomoxef\", \"flomoxefo\", \"flomoxefum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"FLR" 114811 "Florfenicol" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aquafen\", \"florfenicol\", \"nuflor\", \"nuflor gold\")" "87599-7"
"FLC" 21319 "Flucloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF05" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"clox\", \"flux\")" "c(\"floxacillin\", \"floxapen\", \"floxapen sodium salt\", \"fluclox\", \"flucloxacilina\", \"flucloxacillin\", \"flucloxacilline\", \"flucloxacillinum\", \"fluorochloroxacillin\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"FLU" 3365 "Fluconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC15\", \"J02AC01\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "c(\"fluc\", \"fluz\", \"flz\")" "c(\"alflucoz\", \"alfumet\", \"biocanol\", \"biozole\", \"biozolene\", \"canzol\", \"cryptal\", \"diflazon\", \"diflucan\", \"dimycon\", \"elazor\", \"flucazol\", \"fluconazol\", \"fluconazole\", \"fluconazole capsules\", \"fluconazolum\", \"flucostat\", \"flukezol\", \"flunazol\", \"flunizol\", \"flusol\", \"fluzon\", \"fluzone\", \"forcan\", \"fuconal\", \"fungata\", \"loitin\", \"oxifugol\", \"pritenzol\", \"syscan\", \"trican\", \"triconal\", \"triflucan\", \"zoltec\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10987-6\", \"16870-8\", \"25255-1\", \"80530-9\")"
@ -210,15 +210,15 @@
\"nitrofuroxon\", \"optazol\", \"ortazol\", \"puradin\", \"roptazol\", \"sclaventerol\", \"tikofuran\", \"topazone\", \"trichofuron\", \"tricofuron\", \"tricoron\", \"trifurox\", \"viofuragyn\")" "character(0)"
"FUS" 3000226 "Fusidic acid" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"D06AX01\", \"D09AA02\", \"J01XC01\", \"S01AA13\")" "Other antibacterials" "Steroid antibacterials" "c(\"fa\", \"fusi\")" "c(\"acide fusidique\", \"acido fusidico\", \"acidum fusidicum\", \"flucidin\", \"fucidate\", \"fucidate sodium\", \"fucidic acid\", \"fucidin\", \"fucidin acid\", \"fucithalmic\", \"fusidate\", \"fusidate acid\", \"fusidic acid\", \"fusidine\", \"fusidinic acid\", \"ramycin\")" 1.5 "g" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"GAM" 59364992 "Gamithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "gamithromycin" "character(0)"
"GRN" 124093 "Garenoxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA19" "" "c(\"ganefloxacin\", \"garenfloxacin\", \"garenoxacin\")" "character(0)"
"GRN" 124093 "Garenoxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA19" "" "c(\"ganefloxacin\", \"garenfloxacin\", \"garenoxacin\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"GAT" 5379 "Gatifloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA16\", \"S01AE06\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"gati\")" "c(\"gatiflo\", \"gatifloxacin\", \"gatifloxacine\", \"gatifloxcin\", \"gatilox\", \"gatiquin\", \"gatispan\", \"tequin\", \"tequin and zymar\", \"zymaxid\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"GEM" 9571107 "Gemifloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA15" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"factiv\", \"factive\", \"gemifioxacin\", \"gemifloxacin\", \"gemifloxacine\", \"gemifloxacino\", \"gemifloxacinum\")" 0.32 "character(0)"
"GEM" 9571107 "Gemifloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA15" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"factiv\", \"factive\", \"gemifioxacin\", \"gemifloxacin\", \"gemifloxacine\", \"gemifloxacino\", \"gemifloxacinum\")" 0.32 "g" "character(0)"
"GEN" 3467 "Gentamicin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"D06AX07\", \"J01GB03\", \"S01AA11\", \"S02AA14\", \"S03AA06\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"cn\", \"gen\", \"gent\", \"gm\")" "c(\"apogen\", \"centicin\", \"cidomycin\", \"garasol\", \"genoptic liquifilm\", \"genoptic s.o.p.\", \"gentacycol\", \"gentafair\", \"gentak\", \"gentamar\", \"gentamcin sulfate\", \"gentamicin\", \"gentamicina\", \"gentamicine\", \"gentamicins\", \"gentamicinum\", \"gentamycin\", \"gentamycins\", \"gentamycinum\", \"gentavet\", \"gentocin\", \"jenamicin\", \"lyramycin\", \"oksitselanim\", \"refobacin\", \"refobacin tm\", \"septigen\", \"uromycine\")" 0.24 "g" "c(\"13561-6\", \"13562-4\", \"15106-8\", \"22746-2\", \"22747-0\", \"31091-2\", \"31092-0\", \"31093-8\", \"35668-3\", \"3663-2\", \"3664-0\", \"3665-7\", \"39082-3\", \"47109-4\", \"59379-8\", \"80971-5\", \"88111-0\")"
"GEH" "Gentamicin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"g_h\", \"gehl\", \"genta high\", \"gentamicin high\")" "" ""
"GEP" 25101874 "Gepotidacin" "Other antibacterials" "" "gepotidacin" "character(0)"
"GRX" 72474 "Grepafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA11" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"grep\")" "grepafloxacin" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"GRI" 441140 "Griseofulvin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AA08\", \"D01BA01\")" "" "c(\"amudane\", \"curling factor\", \"delmofulvina\", \"fulcin\", \"fulcine\", \"fulvican grisactin\", \"fulvicin\", \"fulvicin bolus\", \"fulvidex\", \"fulvina\", \"fulvinil\", \"fulvistatin\", \"fungivin\", \"greosin\", \"gresfeed\", \"gricin\", \"grifulin\", \"grifulvin\", \"grifulvin v\", \"grisactin\", \"grisactin ultra\", \"grisactin v\", \"griscofulvin\", \"grise ostatin\", \"grisefuline\", \"griseo\", \"griseofulvin\", \"griseofulvin forte\", \"griseofulvina\", \"griseofulvine\", \"griseofulvinum\", \"griseomix\", \"griseostatin\", \"grisetin\", \"grisofulvin\",
\"grisovin\", \"grisovin fp\", \"grizeofulvin\", \"grysio\", \"guservin\", \"lamoryl\", \"likuden\", \"likunden\", \"murfulvin\", \"poncyl\", \"spirofulvin\", \"sporostatin xan\", \"xuanjing\")" "12402-4"
\"grisovin\", \"grisovin fp\", \"grizeofulvin\", \"grysio\", \"guservin\", \"lamoryl\", \"likuden\", \"likunden\", \"murfulvin\", \"poncyl\", \"spirofulvin\", \"sporostatin xan\", \"xuanjing\")" 0.5 "g" "12402-4"
"HAB" 175989 "Habekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"arbekacin sulfate\", \"habekacin\", \"habekacin sulfate\", \"habekacin xsulfate\")" "character(0)"
"HCH" 11979956 "Hachimycin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AA03\", \"G01AA06\", \"J02AA02\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Antibiotics" "" "c(\"cabimicina\", \"hachimicina\", \"hachimycin\", \"hachimycine\", \"hachimycinum\", \"trichomycinum\", \"trichonat\")" "character(0)"
"HET" 443387 "Hetacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA18" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"etacillina\", \"hetacilina\", \"hetacillin\", \"hetacilline\", \"hetacillinum\", \"phenazacillin\", \"versapen\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
"IPM" 104838 "Imipenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH51" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"imci\", \"imi\", \"imip\", \"imp\")" "c(\"imipemide\", \"imipenem\", \"imipenem anhydrous\", \"imipenem/cilastatin\", \"imipenemum\", \"imipenen\", \"primaxin\", \"tienamycin\")" 2 "g" "c(\"17010-0\", \"25257-7\", \"27331-8\", \"3688-9\")"
"IPE" "Imipenem/EDTA" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"IMR" "Imipenem/relebactam" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"ISV" 6918485 "Isavuconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC05" "c(\"\", \"isav\")" "isavuconazole" "character(0)"
"ISV" 6918485 "Isavuconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC05" "c(\"\", \"isav\")" "isavuconazole" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"ISE" 3037209 "Isepamicin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB11" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"isepacin\", \"isepalline\", \"isepamicin\", \"isepamicina\", \"isepamicine\", \"isepamicinum\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"ISO" 3760 "Isoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC05\", \"G01AF07\")" "Antimycotics for topic use" "Triazole derivatives" "" "c(\"isoconazol\", \"isoconazole\", \"isoconazolum\", \"travogen\")" "character(0)"
"INH" 3767 "Isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AC01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Hydrazides" "inh" "c(\"abdizide\", \"andrazide\", \"anidrasona\", \"antimicina\", \"antituberkulosum\", \"armacide\", \"armazid\", \"armazide\", \"atcotibine\", \"azt + isoniazid\", \"azuren\", \"bacillin\", \"cemidon\", \"chemiazid\", \"chemidon\", \"continazine\", \"cortinazine\", \"cotinazin\", \"cotinizin\", \"defonin\", \"dibutin\", \"diforin\", \"dinacrin\", \"ditubin\", \"ebidene\", \"eralon\", \"ertuban\", \"eutizon\", \"evalon\", \"fetefu\", \"fimalene\", \"hid rasonil\", \"hidranizil\", \"hidrasonil\", \"hidrulta\", \"hidrun\", \"hycozid\", \"hydrazid\", \"hydrazide\", \"hyozid\", \"i.a.i.\",
@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
\"zonazide\")" 0.3 "g" 0.3 "g" "c(\"25451-6\", \"26756-7\", \"3697-0\", \"40371-7\")"
"ITR" 3793 "Itraconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC02" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "itra" "c(\"itraconazol\", \"itraconazole\", \"itraconazolum\", \"itraconzaole\", \"itrazole\", \"oriconazole\", \"sporanox\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10989-2\", \"12392-7\", \"25258-5\", \"27081-9\", \"32184-4\", \"32185-1\", \"80531-7\")"
"JOS" 5282165 "Josamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA07" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"josacine\", \"josamicina\", \"josamycin\", \"josamycine\", \"josamycinum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"KAN" 6032 "Kanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"A07AA08\", \"J01GB04\", \"S01AA24\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"hlk\", \"k\", \"kan\", \"kana\", \"km\")" "c(\"kanamicina\", \"kanamycin\", \"kanamycin a\", \"kanamycin base\", \"kanamycine\", \"kanamycinum\", \"kantrex\", \"kenamycin a\", \"klebcil\", \"liposomal kanamycin\")" 1 "g" "c(\"23889-9\", \"3698-8\", \"3699-6\", \"3700-2\", \"47395-9\")"
"KAN" 6032 "Kanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"A07AA08\", \"J01GB04\", \"S01AA24\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"hlk\", \"k\", \"kan\", \"kana\", \"km\")" "c(\"kanamicina\", \"kanamycin\", \"kanamycin a\", \"kanamycin base\", \"kanamycine\", \"kanamycinum\", \"kantrex\", \"kenamycin a\", \"klebcil\", \"liposomal kanamycin\")" 3 "g" 1 "g" "c(\"23889-9\", \"3698-8\", \"3699-6\", \"3700-2\", \"47395-9\")"
"KAH" "Kanamycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"\", \"k_h\", \"kahl\")" "" ""
"KAC" "Kanamycin/cephalexin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "" ""
"KET" 456201 "Ketoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC08\", \"G01AF11\", \"H02CA03\", \"J02AB02\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"keto\", \"ktc\")" "c(\"extina\", \"fungarest\", \"fungoral\", \"ketocanazole\", \"ketoconazol\", \"ketoconazole\", \"ketoconazolum\", \"ketoderm\", \"nizoral\", \"xolegel\")" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10990-0\", \"12393-5\", \"25259-3\", \"60091-6\", \"60092-4\")"
@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
"LIN" 3000540 "Lincomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FF02" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Lincosamides" "linc" "c(\"cillimycin\", \"jiemycin\", \"lincolcina\", \"lincolnensin\", \"lincomicina\", \"lincomycin\", \"lincomycin a\", \"lincomycine\", \"lincomycinum\")" 1.8 "g" 1.8 "g" "87597-1"
"LNZ" 441401 "Linezolid" "Oxazolidinones" "J01XX08" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"line\", \"lnz\", \"lz\", \"lzd\")" "c(\"linezlid\", \"linezoid\", \"linezolid\", \"linezolide\", \"linezolidum\", \"zivoxid\", \"zyvoxa\", \"zyvoxam\", \"zyvoxid\")" 1.2 "g" 1.2 "g" "c(\"34202-2\", \"80609-1\")"
"LFE" "Linoprist-flopristin" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"LOM" 3948 "Lomefloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA07\", \"S01AE04\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"lmf\", \"lom\", \"lome\")" "c(\"lomefloxacin\", \"lomefloxacine\", \"lomefloxacino\", \"lomefloxacinum\", \"maxaquin\")" 0.4 "character(0)"
"LOM" 3948 "Lomefloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA07\", \"S01AE04\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"lmf\", \"lom\", \"lome\")" "c(\"lomefloxacin\", \"lomefloxacine\", \"lomefloxacino\", \"lomefloxacinum\", \"maxaquin\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"LOR" 5284585 "Loracarbef" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC08" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"lora\")" "c(\"anhydrous loracarbef\", \"lorabid\", \"loracarbef\", \"loracarbefum\", \"lorbef\", \"loribid\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"LYM" 54707177 "Lymecycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA04" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"biovetin\", \"chlortetracyclin\", \"ciclisin\", \"ciclolysal\", \"infaciclina\", \"limeciclina\", \"lisinbiotic\", \"lymecyclin\", \"lymecycline\", \"lymecyclinum\", \"mucomycin\", \"ntetracycline\", \"tetralisal\", \"tetralysal\", \"vebicyclysal\")" 0.6 "g" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"MNA" 1292 "Mandelic acid" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"B05CA06\", \"J01XX06\")" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"acido mandelico\", \"almond acid\", \"amygdalic acid\", \"benzoglycolic acid\", \"hydroxyacetic acid\", \"kyselina mandlova\", \"mandelic acid\", \"paramandelic acid\", \"phenylglycolic acid\", \"uromaline\")" 12 "g" "character(0)"
@ -261,7 +261,7 @@
"MEL" 71306732 "Meleumycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"MEM" 441130 "Meropenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH02" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"mem\", \"mer\", \"mero\", \"mp\", \"mrp\")" "c(\"meronem\", \"meropen\", \"meropenem\", \"meropenem anhydrous\", \"meropenem hydrate\", \"meropenem trihydrate\", \"meropenemum\", \"merrem\", \"merrem i.v.\", \"merrem iv\")" 3 "g" "41406-0"
"MNC" "Meropenem/nacubactam" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"MEV" "Meropenem/vaborbactam" "Carbapenems" "J01DH52" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"MEV" "Meropenem/vaborbactam" "Carbapenems" "J01DH52" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "" "" 3 "g" ""
"MES" 176886 "Mesulfamide" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"mesulfamide\", \"mesulfamido\", \"mesulfamidum\")" "character(0)"
"MTC" 54675785 "Metacycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA05" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bialatan\", \"metaciclina\", \"metacycline\", \"metacyclinum\", \"methacycline\", \"methacycline base\", \"methacyclinum\", \"methylenecycline\", \"physiomycine\", \"rondomycin\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"MTM" 6713928 "Metampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA14" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"blomopen\", \"bonopen\", \"celinmicina\", \"elatocilline\", \"fedacilina kapseln\", \"filorex\", \"italcina kapseln\", \"magnipen\", \"metabacter ampullen\", \"metambac\", \"metampicilina\", \"metampicillin\", \"metampicillin sodium\", \"metampicillina\", \"metampicilline\", \"metampicillinum\", \"methampicillin\", \"metiskia ampullen\", \"micinovo\", \"micinovo ampullen\", \"pangocilin\", \"probiotic\", \"rastomycin k\", \"relyothenate\", \"ruticina\", \"rutizina\", \"rutizina ampullen\", \"sedomycin\", \"suvipen\", \"suvipen ampullen\", \"tampilen ampullen\",
@ -273,15 +273,15 @@
"MXT" 3047729 "Metioxate" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"metioxate\", \"metioxato\", \"metioxatum\")" "character(0)"
"MTR" 4173 "Metronidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"A01AB17\", \"D06BX01\", \"G01AF01\", \"J01XD01\", \"P01AB01\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"metr\", \"mnz\")" "c(\"acromona\", \"anagiardil\", \"arilin\", \"atrivyl\", \"danizol\", \"deflamon\", \"efloran\", \"elyzol\", \"entizol\", \"flagemona\", \"flagesol\", \"flagil\", \"flagyl\", \"flagyl er\", \"flagyl i.v.\", \"flagyl i.v. rtu\", \"flazol\", \"flegyl\", \"florazole\", \"fossyol\", \"giatricol\", \"ginefla vir\", \"gineflavir\", \"helidac\", \"mepagyl\", \"meronidal\", \"methronidazole\", \"metric\", \"metro cream\", \"metro gel\", \"metro i.v\", \"metro i.v.\", \"metro iv\", \"metrocream\", \"metrodzhil\", \"metrogel\", \"metrogyl\", \"metrolag\", \"metrolotion\", \"metrolyl\",
\"metromidol\", \"metronidaz\", \"metronidazol\", \"metronidazole\", \"metronidazole usp\", \"metronidazolo\", \"metronidazolum\", \"metrotop\", \"metrozine\", \"metryl\", \"mexibol\", \"mexibol 'silanes'\", \"monagyl\", \"monasin\", \"nidagel\", \"nidagyl\", \"noritate\", \"novonidazol\", \"orvagil\", \"polibiotic\", \"protostat\", \"rathimed\", \"rosased\", \"sanatrichom\", \"satric\", \"takimetol\", \"trichazol\", \"trichex\", \"tricho cordes\", \"trichobrol\", \"trichocide\", \"trichomol\", \"trichopal\", \"trichopol\", \"tricocet\", \"tricom\", \"tricowas b\", \"trikacide\",
\"trikamon\", \"trikhopol\", \"trikojol\", \"trikozol\", \"trimeks\", \"trivazol\", \"vagilen\", \"vagimid\", \"vandazole\", \"vertisal\", \"wagitran\", \"zadstat\", \"zidoval\")" 1.5 "g" "10991-8"
\"trikamon\", \"trikhopol\", \"trikojol\", \"trikozol\", \"trimeks\", \"trivazol\", \"vagilen\", \"vagimid\", \"vandazole\", \"vertisal\", \"wagitran\", \"zadstat\", \"zidoval\")" 2 "g" 1.5 "g" "10991-8"
"MEZ" 656511 "Mezlocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA10" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"mez\", \"mezl\", \"mz\")" "c(\"mezlin\", \"mezlocilina\", \"mezlocillin\", \"mezlocillin acid\", \"mezlocillin sodium\", \"mezlocilline\", \"mezlocillinum\", \"multocillin\")" 6 "g" "3820-8"
"MSU" "Mezlocillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"MIF" 477468 "Micafungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AX05" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "c(\"\", \"mica\")" "c(\"micafungin\", \"mycamine\")" 0.1 "g" "58418-5"
"MCZ" 4189 "Miconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB09\", \"A07AC01\", \"D01AC02\", \"G01AF04\", \"J02AB01\", \"S02AA13\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Imidazole derivatives" "mico" "c(\"aflorix\", \"albistat\", \"andergin\", \"brentan\", \"conofite\", \"dactarin\", \"daktarin\", \"daktarin iv\", \"florid\", \"lotrimin af\", \"micantin\", \"miconasil nitrate\", \"miconazol\", \"miconazole\", \"miconazole base\", \"miconazolo\", \"miconazolum\", \"micozole\", \"minostate\", \"monista\", \"monistat\", \"monistat iv\", \"oravig\", \"vusion\", \"zimybase\", \"zimycan\")" 1 "g" "17278-3"
"MCZ" 4189 "Miconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB09\", \"A07AC01\", \"D01AC02\", \"G01AF04\", \"J02AB01\", \"S02AA13\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Imidazole derivatives" "mico" "c(\"aflorix\", \"albistat\", \"andergin\", \"brentan\", \"conofite\", \"dactarin\", \"daktarin\", \"daktarin iv\", \"florid\", \"lotrimin af\", \"micantin\", \"miconasil nitrate\", \"miconazol\", \"miconazole\", \"miconazole base\", \"miconazolo\", \"miconazolum\", \"micozole\", \"minostate\", \"monista\", \"monistat\", \"monistat iv\", \"oravig\", \"vusion\", \"zimybase\", \"zimycan\")" 0.2 "g" 1 "g" "17278-3"
"MCR" 3037206 "Micronomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "S01AA22" "" "c(\"gentamicin c\", \"micromycin\", \"micronomicin\", \"micronomicina\", \"micronomicine\", \"micronomicinum\", \"sagamicin\", \"santemycin\")" "character(0)"
"MID" 5282169 "Midecamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA03" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"aboren\", \"espinomycin a\", \"macropen\", \"madecacine\", \"medemycin\", \"midecamicina\", \"midecamycin\", \"midecamycin a\", \"midecamycine\", \"midecamycinum\", \"midecin\", \"momicine\", \"mydecamycin\", \"myoxam\", \"normicina\", \"rubimycin\", \"turimycin p\")" 1.2 1 "g" "character(0)"
"MID" 5282169 "Midecamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA03" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"aboren\", \"espinomycin a\", \"macropen\", \"madecacine\", \"medemycin\", \"midecamicina\", \"midecamycin\", \"midecamycin a\", \"midecamycine\", \"midecamycinum\", \"midecin\", \"momicine\", \"mydecamycin\", \"myoxam\", \"normicina\", \"rubimycin\", \"turimycin p\")" 1.2 "g" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"MIL" 37614 "Miloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"miloxacin\", \"miloxacine\", \"miloxacino\", \"miloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"MNO" 54675783 "Minocycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"A01AB23\", \"D10AF07\", \"J01AA08\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"mc\", \"mh\", \"mi\", \"min\", \"mino\", \"mn\", \"mno\")" "c(\"akamin\", \"aknemin\", \"borymycin\", \"dynacin\", \"klinomycin\", \"minociclina\", \"minocin\", \"minocline\", \"minocyclin\", \"minocycline\", \"minocyclinum\", \"minocyn\", \"minoderm\", \"minomycin\", \"sebomin\", \"solodyn\", \"vectrin\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"34606-4\", \"3822-4\", \"49757-8\")"
"MNO" 54675783 "Minocycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"A01AB23\", \"D10AF07\", \"J01AA08\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"mc\", \"mh\", \"mi\", \"min\", \"mino\", \"mn\", \"mno\")" "c(\"akamin\", \"aknemin\", \"borymycin\", \"dynacin\", \"klinomycin\", \"minociclina\", \"minocin\", \"minocline\", \"minocyclin\", \"minocycline\", \"minocyclinum\", \"minocyn\", \"minoderm\", \"minomycin\", \"sebomin\", \"solodyn\", \"vectrin\")" 1 "mg" 0.2 "g" "c(\"34606-4\", \"3822-4\", \"49757-8\")"
"MCM" 5282188 "Miocamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA11" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"acecamycin\", \"macroral\", \"midecamycin acetate\", \"miocamen\", \"miocamycine\", \"miokamycin\", \"myocamicin\", \"ponsinomycin\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"MON" 23667299 "Monensin sodium" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"monensin sodium\", \"sodium monensin\")" "character(0)"
"MRN" 70374 "Morinamide" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "c(\"morfazinamide\", \"morfazinammide\", \"morfgazinamide\", \"morinamida\", \"morinamide\", \"morinamidum\", \"morphazinamid\", \"morphazinamide\", \"piazofolina\", \"piazolin\", \"piazolina\")" "character(0)"
@ -289,18 +289,18 @@
"MUP" 446596 "Mupirocin" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"D06AX09\", \"R01AX06\")" "c(\"mup\", \"mupi\")" "c(\"bactoderm\", \"bactroban\", \"bactroban nasal\", \"bactroban ointment\", \"centany\", \"mupirocin\", \"mupirocina\", \"mupirocine\", \"mupirocinum\", \"plasimine\", \"pseudomonic acid\", \"pseudomonic acid a\", \"turixin\")" "character(0)"
"NAC" 73386748 "Nacubactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "nacubactam" "character(0)"
"NAD" 4410 "Nadifloxacin" "Quinolones" "D10AF05" "" "c(\"acuatim\", \"nadifloxacin\", \"nadifloxacine\", \"nadifloxacino\", \"nadifloxacinum\", \"nadixa\", \"nadoxin\")" "character(0)"
"NAF" 8982 "Nafcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF06" "" "c(\"nafcilina\", \"nafcillin\", \"nafcillin sodium\", \"nafcilline\", \"nafcillinum\", \"nallpen\", \"naphcillin\", \"unipen\")" "c(\"10993-4\", \"25232-0\")"
"NAF" 8982 "Nafcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF06" "" "c(\"nafcilina\", \"nafcillin\", \"nafcillin sodium\", \"nafcilline\", \"nafcillinum\", \"nallpen\", \"naphcillin\", \"unipen\")" 3 "g" "c(\"10993-4\", \"25232-0\")"
"ZWK" 117587595 "Nafithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "nafithromycin" "character(0)"
"NAL" 4421 "Nalidixic acid" "Quinolones" "J01MB02" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "c(\"na\", \"nal\", \"nali\")" "c(\"acide nalidixico\", \"acide nalidixique\", \"acido nalidissico\", \"acido nalidixico\", \"acidum nalidixicum\", \"betaxina\", \"dixiben\", \"dixinal\", \"eucisten\", \"eucistin\", \"innoxalomn\", \"innoxalon\", \"jicsron\", \"kusnarin\", \"naldixic acid\", \"nalidic acid\", \"nalidicron\", \"nalidixan\", \"nalidixane\", \"nalidixate\", \"nalidixate sodium\", \"nalidixic\", \"nalidixic acid\", \"nalidixin\", \"nalidixinic acid\", \"nalidixinsaure\", \"nalitucsan\", \"nalurin\", \"narigix\", \"naxuril\", \"neggram\", \"negram\", \"nevigramon\", \"nicelate\", \"nogram\",
\"poleon\", \"sicmylon\", \"specifen\", \"specifin\", \"unaserus\", \"uralgin\", \"uriben\", \"uriclar\", \"urisal\", \"urodixin\", \"uroman\", \"uroneg\", \"uronidix\", \"uropan\", \"wintomylon\", \"wintron\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"NAR" 65452 "Narasin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"monteban\", \"narasin\", \"narasin a\", \"narasine\", \"narasino\", \"narasinum\", \"narasul\")" "87570-8"
"NEO" 8378 "Neomycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"A01AB08\", \"A07AA01\", \"B05CA09\", \"D06AX04\", \"J01GB05\", \"R02AB01\", \"S01AA03\", \"S02AA07\", \"S03AA01\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "neom" "c(\"actilin\", \"actiline\", \"antibiotique\", \"bycomycin\", \"endomixin\", \"enterfram\", \"fradiomycin\", \"fradiomycin b\", \"fradiomycinum\", \"framicetina\", \"framycetin\", \"framycetin sulfate\", \"framycetine\", \"framycetinum\", \"framygen\", \"fraquinol\", \"jernadex\", \"myacine\", \"myacyne\", \"mycerin\", \"mycifradin\", \"neobrettin\", \"neolate\", \"neomas\", \"neomcin\", \"neomicina\", \"neomin\", \"neomycin\", \"neomycin b\", \"neomycin b sulfate\", \"neomycin solution\", \"neomycin sulfate\", \"neomycin sulphate\", \"neomycinb\", \"neomycine\", \"neomycinum\",
\"nivemycin\", \"pimavecort\", \"soframycin\", \"soframycine\", \"tuttomycin\", \"vonamycin\", \"vonamycin powder v\")" 1 "g" "c(\"10995-9\", \"25262-7\")"
\"nivemycin\", \"pimavecort\", \"soframycin\", \"soframycine\", \"tuttomycin\", \"vonamycin\", \"vonamycin powder v\")" 5 "g" "c(\"10995-9\", \"25262-7\")"
"NET" 441306 "Netilmicin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"J01GB07\", \"S01AA23\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "neti" "c(\"netillin\", \"netilmicin\", \"netilmicin sulfate\", \"netilmicina\", \"netilmicine\", \"netilmicinum\", \"netilyn\", \"netira\", \"vectacin\")" 0.35 "g" 0.35 "g" "c(\"25263-5\", \"3848-9\", \"3849-7\", \"3850-5\", \"47385-0\", \"59565-2\", \"59566-0\", \"59567-8\")"
"NIC" 9507 "Nicarbazin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"nicarb\", \"nicarbasin\", \"nicarbazin\", \"nicarbazine\", \"nicoxin\", \"nicrazin\", \"nicrazine\", \"nirazin\")" "character(0)"
"NIF" 71946 "Nifuroquine" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"nifuroquina\", \"nifuroquine\", \"nifuroquinum\", \"quinaldofur\")" "character(0)"
"NFR" 9571062 "Nifurtoinol" "Other antibacterials" "J01XE02" "Other antibacterials" "Nitrofuran derivatives" "" "c(\"levantin\", \"nifurtoinol\", \"nifurtoinolo\", \"nifurtoinolum\", \"urfadin\", \"urfadine\", \"urfadyn\")" 0.16 "g" "character(0)"
"NTZ" 41684 "Nitazoxanide" "Other antibacterials" "P01AX11" "" "c(\"adrovet\", \"alinia\", \"azt + nitazoxanide\", \"colufase\", \"cryptaz\", \"dexidex\", \"heliton\", \"kidonax\", \"nitaxozanid\", \"nitaxozanide\", \"nitazox\", \"nitazoxamide\", \"nitazoxanid\", \"nitazoxanida\", \"nitazoxanide\", \"nitazoxanidum\", \"omniparax\", \"pacovanton\", \"paramix\", \"taenitaz\")" "character(0)"
"NTZ" 41684 "Nitazoxanide" "Other antibacterials" "P01AX11" "" "c(\"adrovet\", \"alinia\", \"azt + nitazoxanide\", \"colufase\", \"cryptaz\", \"dexidex\", \"heliton\", \"kidonax\", \"nitaxozanid\", \"nitaxozanide\", \"nitazox\", \"nitazoxamide\", \"nitazoxanid\", \"nitazoxanida\", \"nitazoxanide\", \"nitazoxanidum\", \"omniparax\", \"pacovanton\", \"paramix\", \"taenitaz\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"NIT" 6604200 "Nitrofurantoin" "Other antibacterials" "J01XE01" "Other antibacterials" "Nitrofuran derivatives" "c(\"f\", \"f/m\", \"fd\", \"ft\", \"ni\", \"nit\", \"nitr\")" "c(\"alfuran\", \"benkfuran\", \"berkfuran\", \"berkfurin\", \"ceduran\", \"chemiofuran\", \"cistofuran\", \"cyantin\", \"cystit\", \"dantafur\", \"fua med\", \"fuamed\", \"furabid\", \"furachel\", \"furadantin\", \"furadantin retard\", \"furadantina mc\", \"furadantine\", \"furadantine mc\", \"furadantoin\", \"furadoin\", \"furadoine\", \"furadonin\", \"furadonine\", \"furadoninum\", \"furadontin\", \"furadoxyl\", \"furalan\", \"furaloid\", \"furantoin\", \"furantoina\", \"furatoin\", \"furedan\", \"furina\", \"furobactina\", \"furodantin\", \"furophen t\", \"gerofuran\",
\"io>>uss>>a<<ixoo\", \"ituran\", \"ivadantin\", \"macpac\", \"macrobid\", \"macrodantin\", \"macrodantina\", \"macrofuran\", \"macrofurin\", \"nierofu\", \"nifurantin\", \"nifuretten\", \"nitoin\", \"nitrex\", \"nitrofuradantin\", \"nitrofurantion\", \"nitrofurantoin\", \"nitrofurantoin macro\", \"nitrofurantoina\", \"nitrofurantoine\", \"nitrofurantoinum\", \"novofuran\", \"orafuran\", \"parfuran\", \"phenurin\", \"piyeloseptyl\", \"siraliden\", \"trantoin\", \"uerineks\", \"urantoin\", \"urizept\", \"urodin\", \"urofuran\", \"urofurin\", \"urolisa\", \"urolong\",
\"uvamin\", \"welfurin\", \"zoofurin\")" 0.2 "g" "3860-4"
@ -310,23 +310,23 @@
"NOR" 4539 "Norfloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA06\", \"S01AE02\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"nor\", \"norf\", \"nx\", \"nxn\")" "c(\"baccidal\", \"barazan\", \"chibroxin\", \"chibroxine\", \"chibroxol\", \"fulgram\", \"gonorcin\", \"lexinor\", \"nolicin\", \"noracin\", \"noraxin\", \"norflo\", \"norfloxacin\", \"norfloxacine\", \"norfloxacino\", \"norfloxacinum\", \"norocin\", \"noroxin\", \"noroxine\", \"norxacin\", \"sebercim\", \"uroxacin\", \"utinor\", \"zoroxin\")" 0.8 "g" "3867-9"
"NVA" 10419027 "Norvancomycin" "Glycopeptides" "" "norvancomycin" "character(0)"
"NOV" 54675769 "Novobiocin" "Other antibacterials" "novo" "c(\"albamix\", \"albamycin\", \"cardelmycin\", \"cathocin\", \"cathomycin\", \"crystallinic acid\", \"inamycin\", \"novobiocin\", \"novobiocina\", \"novobiocine\", \"novobiocinum\", \"robiocina\", \"sirbiocina\", \"spheromycin\", \"stilbiocina\", \"streptonivicin\")" "17378-1"
"NYS" 6433272 "Nystatin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A07AA02\", \"D01AA01\", \"G01AA01\")" "nyst" "c(\"biofanal\", \"candex lotion\", \"comycin\", \"diastatin\", \"herniocid\", \"moronal\", \"myconystatin\", \"mycostatin\", \"mycostatin pastilles\", \"mykinac\", \"mykostatyna\", \"nilstat\", \"nistatin\", \"nistatina\", \"nyamyc\", \"nyotran\", \"nyotrantrade mark\", \"nystaform\", \"nystan\", \"nystatin\", \"nystatin a\", \"nystatin g\", \"nystatin lf\", \"nystatine\", \"nystatinum\", \"nystatyna\", \"nystavescent\", \"nystex\", \"nystop\", \"stamycin\", \"terrastatin\", \"zydin e\")" "character(0)"
"NYS" 6433272 "Nystatin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A07AA02\", \"D01AA01\", \"G01AA01\")" "nyst" "c(\"biofanal\", \"candex lotion\", \"comycin\", \"diastatin\", \"herniocid\", \"moronal\", \"myconystatin\", \"mycostatin\", \"mycostatin pastilles\", \"mykinac\", \"mykostatyna\", \"nilstat\", \"nistatin\", \"nistatina\", \"nyamyc\", \"nyotran\", \"nyotrantrade mark\", \"nystaform\", \"nystan\", \"nystatin\", \"nystatin a\", \"nystatin g\", \"nystatin lf\", \"nystatine\", \"nystatinum\", \"nystatyna\", \"nystavescent\", \"nystex\", \"nystop\", \"stamycin\", \"terrastatin\", \"zydin e\")" 1.5 "MU" "character(0)"
"OFX" 4583 "Ofloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA01\", \"S01AE01\", \"S02AA16\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"of\", \"ofl\", \"oflo\", \"ofx\")" "c(\"bactocin\", \"danoflox\", \"effexin\", \"exocin\", \"exocine\", \"flobacin\", \"flodemex\", \"flotavid\", \"flovid\", \"floxal\", \"floxil\", \"floxin\", \"floxin otic\", \"floxstat\", \"fugacin\", \"inoflox\", \"kinflocin\", \"kinoxacin\", \"levofloxacin hcl\", \"liflox\", \"loxinter\", \"marfloxacin\", \"medofloxine\", \"mergexin\", \"monoflocet\", \"novecin\", \"nufafloqo\", \"occidal\", \"ocuflox\", \"oflocee\", \"oflocet\", \"oflocin\", \"oflodal\", \"oflodex\", \"oflodura\", \"ofloxacin\", \"ofloxacin otic\", \"ofloxacina\", \"ofloxacine\", \"ofloxacino\", \"ofloxacinum\",
\"ofloxin\", \"onexacin\", \"operan\", \"orocin\", \"otonil\", \"oxaldin\", \"pharflox\", \"praxin\", \"puiritol\", \"qinolon\", \"quinolon\", \"quotavil\", \"sinflo\", \"tabrin\", \"taravid\", \"tariflox\", \"tarivid\", \"telbit\", \"tructum\", \"uro tarivid\", \"viotisone\", \"visiren\", \"zanocin\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"25264-3\", \"3877-8\")"
"OLE" 72493 "Oleandomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA05" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"amimycin\", \"landomycin\", \"matromycin\", \"oleandomycin a\", \"romicil\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OMC" 54697325 "Omadacycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA15" "" "c(\"amadacycline\", \"omadacycline\")" "character(0)"
"OMC" 54697325 "Omadacycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA15" "" "c(\"amadacycline\", \"omadacycline\")" 0.3 "g" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"OPT" 87880 "Optochin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"numoquin\", \"optochin\", \"optoquine\")" "character(0)"
"ORB" 60605 "Orbifloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "orbifloxacin" "character(0)"
"ORI" 16136912 "Oritavancin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA05" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "orit" "oritavancin" "character(0)"
"ORS" "Ormetroprim/sulfamethoxazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"ORN" 28061 "Ornidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"G01AF06\", \"J01XD03\", \"P01AB03\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "" "c(\"madelen\", \"ornidal\", \"ornidazol\", \"ornidazole\", \"ornidazolum\", \"tiberal\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"ORN" 28061 "Ornidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"G01AF06\", \"J01XD03\", \"P01AB03\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "" "c(\"madelen\", \"ornidal\", \"ornidazol\", \"ornidazole\", \"ornidazolum\", \"tiberal\")" 1.5 "g" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OXA" 6196 "Oxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF04" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"ox\", \"oxa\", \"oxac\", \"oxal\", \"oxs\")" "c(\"bactocill\", \"ossacillina\", \"oxacilina\", \"oxacillin\", \"oxacillin sodium\", \"oxacilline\", \"oxacillinum\", \"oxazocillin\", \"oxazocilline\", \"prostaphlin\", \"prostaphlyn\", \"sodium oxacillin\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"25265-0\", \"3882-8\")"
"OXO" 4628 "Oxolinic acid" "Quinolones" "J01MB05" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"acide oxolinique\", \"acido ossolico\", \"acido oxolinico\", \"acidum oxolinicum\", \"aqualinic\", \"cistopax\", \"dioxacin\", \"emyrenil\", \"gramurin\", \"inoxyl\", \"nidantin\", \"oksaren\", \"orthurine\", \"ossian\", \"oxoboi\", \"oxolinic\", \"oxolinic acid\", \"pietil\", \"prodoxal\", \"prodoxol\", \"starner\", \"tiurasin\", \"ultibid\", \"urinox\", \"uritrate\", \"urotrate\", \"uroxol\", \"utibid\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OXY" 54675779 "Oxytetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"D06AA03\", \"G01AA07\", \"J01AA06\", \"S01AA04\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"adamycin\", \"berkmycen\", \"biostat\", \"biostat pa\", \"dabicycline\", \"dalimycin\", \"embryostat\", \"fanterrin\", \"galsenomycin\", \"geomycin\", \"geotilin\", \"hydroxytetracyclinum\", \"imperacin\", \"lenocycline\", \"macocyn\", \"medamycin\", \"mepatar\", \"oksisyklin\", \"ossitetraciclina\", \"oxacycline\", \"oxitetraciclina\", \"oxitetracyclin\", \"oxitetracycline\", \"oxitetracyclinum\", \"oxydon\", \"oxymycin\", \"oxymykoin\", \"oxypam\", \"oxysteclin\", \"oxyterracin\", \"oxyterracine\", \"oxyterracyne\", \"oxytetracid\", \"oxytetracyclin\", \"oxytetracycline\",
\"oxytetracycline base\", \"oxytetracyclinum\", \"proteroxyna\", \"riomitsin\", \"ryomycin\", \"solkaciclina\", \"stecsolin\", \"stevacin\", \"tarocyn\", \"tarosin\", \"teravit\", \"terrafungine\", \"terramitsin\", \"terramycin\", \"terramycin im\", \"tetran\", \"unimycin\", \"ursocyclin\", \"ursocycline\", \"vendarcin\")" 1 "g" 1 "g" "c(\"17396-3\", \"25266-8\", \"87595-5\")"
"PAS" 4649 "P-aminosalicylic acid" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"aminopar\", \"aminosalicylic\", \"aminosalicylic acid\", \"aminosalyl\", \"aminox\", \"apacil\", \"deapasil\", \"entepas\", \"ferrosan\", \"gabbropas\", \"helipidyl\", \"hellipidyl\", \"neopasalate\", \"osacyl\", \"pamacyl\", \"pamisyl\", \"paramycin\", \"parasal\", \"parasalicil\", \"parasalindon\", \"pasalon\", \"pasara\", \"pascorbic\", \"pasdium\", \"paser granules\", \"paskalium\", \"pasmed\", \"pasnodia\", \"pasolac\", \"propasa\", \"rezipas\", \"teebacin\", \"wln: zr cq dvq\")" "character(0)"
"PAN" 72015 "Panipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "c(\"panipenem\", \"panipenemum\", \"penipanem\")" "character(0)"
"PAR" 165580 "Paromomycin" "Other antibacterials" "A07AA06" "" "c(\"aminosidin\", \"aminosidine\", \"aminosidine i\", \"aminosidine sulfate\", \"amminosidin\", \"crestomycin\", \"estomycin\", \"gabbromicina\", \"gabbromycin\", \"gabromycin\", \"humatin\", \"humycin\", \"hydroxymycin\", \"hydroxymycin sulfate\", \"monomycin\", \"monomycin a\", \"neomycin e\", \"paramomycin\", \"paramomycin sulfate\", \"paromomicina\", \"paromomycin\", \"paromomycin i\", \"paromomycine\", \"paromomycinum\", \"paucimycin\", \"paucimycinum\", \"quintomycin c\")" "character(0)"
"PAR" 165580 "Paromomycin" "Other antibacterials" "A07AA06" "" "c(\"aminosidin\", \"aminosidine\", \"aminosidine i\", \"aminosidine sulfate\", \"amminosidin\", \"crestomycin\", \"estomycin\", \"gabbromicina\", \"gabbromycin\", \"gabromycin\", \"humatin\", \"humycin\", \"hydroxymycin\", \"hydroxymycin sulfate\", \"monomycin\", \"monomycin a\", \"neomycin e\", \"paramomycin\", \"paramomycin sulfate\", \"paromomicina\", \"paromomycin\", \"paromomycin i\", \"paromomycine\", \"paromomycinum\", \"paucimycin\", \"paucimycinum\", \"quintomycin c\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"PAZ" 65957 "Pazufloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA18" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"pazufloxacin\", \"pazufloxacine\", \"pazufloxacino\", \"pazufloxacinum\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"PEF" 51081 "Pefloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA03" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"pefl\")" "c(\"abactal\", \"labocton\", \"pefloxacin\", \"pefloxacine\", \"pefloxacino\", \"pefloxacinum\", \"perfloxacin\", \"silver pefloxacin\")" 0.8 "g" 0.8 "g" "3906-5"
"PNM" 10250769 "Penamecillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE06" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"hydroxymethyl\", \"penamecilina\", \"penamecillin\", \"penamecillina\", \"penamecilline\", \"penamecillinum\")" 1.05 "g" "character(0)"
@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
"PVM" 33478 "Pivampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"berocillin\", \"pivaloylampicillin\", \"pivampicilina\", \"pivampicillin\", \"pivampicilline\", \"pivampicillinum\", \"pondocillin\")" 1.05 "g" "character(0)"
"PME" 115163 "Pivmecillinam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA08" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"amdinocillin pivoxil\", \"coactabs\", \"hydroxymethyl\", \"pivmecilinamo\", \"pivmecillinam\", \"pivmecillinam hcl\", \"pivmecillinamum\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"PLZ" 42613186 "Plazomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB14" "" "plazomicin" "92024-9"
"PLB" 49800004 "Polymyxin B" "Polymyxins" "c(\"A07AA05\", \"J01XB02\", \"S01AA18\", \"S02AA11\", \"S03AA03\")" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"pb\", \"pol\", \"polb\", \"poly\", \"poly b\", \"polymixin\", \"polymixin b\")" "c(\"polimixina b\", \"polumyxin b\", \"polymixin b\", \"polymyxine b\")" 0.15 "g" "c(\"17473-0\", \"25269-2\")"
"PLB" 49800004 "Polymyxin B" "Polymyxins" "c(\"A07AA05\", \"J01XB02\", \"S01AA18\", \"S02AA11\", \"S03AA03\")" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"pb\", \"pol\", \"polb\", \"poly\", \"poly b\", \"polymixin\", \"polymixin b\")" "c(\"polimixina b\", \"polumyxin b\", \"polymixin b\", \"polymyxine b\")" 3 "MU" 0.15 "g" "c(\"17473-0\", \"25269-2\")"
"POP" "Polymyxin B/polysorbate 80" "Polymyxins" "" "" ""
"POS" 468595 "Posaconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC04" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "posa" "c(\"noxafil\", \"posaconazole\", \"posaconazole sp\", \"posconazole\")" 0.3 "g" 0.3 "g" "c(\"53731-6\", \"80545-7\")"
"PRA" 9802884 "Pradofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "pradofloxacin" "character(0)"
@ -369,7 +369,7 @@
"RAM" 16132338 "Ramoplanin" "Glycopeptides" "" "ramoplanin" "character(0)"
"RZM" 10993211 "Razupenem" "Carbapenems" "" "razupenem" "character(0)"
"RTP" 6918462 "Retapamulin" "Other antibacterials" "D06AX13" "Antibiotics for topical use" "Other antibiotics for topical use" "" "c(\"altabax\", \"altargo\", \"retapamulin\")" "character(0)"
"RBC" 44631912 "Ribociclib" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "L01EF02" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "ribo" "c(\"kisqali\", \"ribociclib\")" 0.2 0.2 "character(0)"
"RBC" 44631912 "Ribociclib" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "L01EF02" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "ribo" "c(\"kisqali\", \"ribociclib\")" "character(0)"
"RST" 33042 "Ribostamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB10" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"dekamycin iv\", \"hetangmycin\", \"ribastamin\", \"ribostamicina\", \"ribostamycin\", \"ribostamycine\", \"ribostamycinum\", \"vistamycin\", \"xylostatin\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"RID1" 16659285 "Ridinilazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "ridinilazole" "character(0)"
"RIB" 135398743 "Rifabutin" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AB04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "rifb" "c(\"alfacid\", \"ansamicin\", \"ansamycin\", \"ansatipin\", \"ansatipine\", \"mycobutin\", \"rifabutin\", \"rifabutina\", \"rifabutine\", \"rifabutinum\")" 0.15 "g" "24032-5"
@ -391,10 +391,10 @@
"SAL" 3085092 "Salinomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"coxistac\", \"procoxacin\", \"salinomicina\", \"salinomycin\", \"salinomycine\", \"salinomycinum\")" "87593-0"
"SAR" 56208 "Sarafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"difloxacine\", \"difloxacino\", \"difloxacinum\", \"saraflox\", \"sarafloxacin\", \"sarafloxacine\", \"sarafloxacino\", \"sarafloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"SRX" 9933415 "Sarmoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "sarmoxicillin" "character(0)"
"SEC" 71815 "Secnidazole" "Other antibacterials" "P01AB07" "" "c(\"flagentyl\", \"secnidal\", \"secnidazol\", \"secnidazole\", \"secnidazolum\", \"secnil\", \"sindose\", \"solosec\")" "character(0)"
"SMF" "Simvastatin/fenofibrate" "Antimycobacterials" "C10BA04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "simv" "" 86 ""
"SEC" 71815 "Secnidazole" "Other antibacterials" "P01AB07" "" "c(\"flagentyl\", \"secnidal\", \"secnidazol\", \"secnidazole\", \"secnidazolum\", \"secnil\", \"sindose\", \"solosec\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"SMF" "Simvastatin/fenofibrate" "Antimycobacterials" "C10BA04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "simv" "" ""
"SIS" 36119 "Sisomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB08" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "siso" "c(\"rickamicin\", \"salvamina\", \"siseptin sulfate\", \"sisomicin\", \"sisomicin sulfate\", \"sisomicina\", \"sisomicine\", \"sisomicinum\", \"sisomin\", \"sisomycin\", \"sissomicin\", \"sizomycin\")" 0.24 "g" "character(0)"
"SIT" 461399 "Sitafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA21" "" "c(\"gracevit\", \"sitafloxacinisomer\")" "character(0)"
"SIT" 461399 "Sitafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA21" "" "c(\"gracevit\", \"sitafloxacinisomer\")" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"SDA" 2724368 "Sodium aminosalicylate" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AA02" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "c(\"bactylan\", \"decapasil\", \"lepasen\", \"monopas\", \"nippas\", \"p.a.s. sodium\", \"pamisyl sodium\", \"parasal sodium\", \"pas sodium\", \"pasade\", \"pasnal\", \"passodico\", \"salvis\", \"sanipirol\", \"sodiopas\", \"sodium p.a.s\", \"sodium pas\", \"teebacin\", \"tubersan\")" 14 "g" 14 "g" "character(0)"
"SOL" 25242512 "Solithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA16" "" "" ""
"SPX" 60464 "Sparfloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA09" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"spa\", \"spar\")" "c(\"esparfloxacino\", \"sparfloxacin\", \"sparfloxacine\", \"sparfloxacinum\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
"TLP" 163307 "Talmetoprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "talmetoprim" "character(0)"
"TAZ" 123630 "Tazobactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CG02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase inhibitors" "tazo" "c(\"tazobactam\", \"tazobactam acid\", \"tazobactamum\", \"tazobactum\")" "character(0)"
"TBP" 9800194 "Tebipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"TZD" 11234049 "Tedizolid" "Oxazolidinones" "J01XX11" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "tedi" "c(\"tedizolid\", \"torezolid\")" 0.2 0.2 "character(0)"
"TZD" 11234049 "Tedizolid" "Oxazolidinones" "J01XX11" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "tedi" "c(\"tedizolid\", \"torezolid\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"TEC" 16131923 "Teicoplanin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA02" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "c(\"tec\", \"tei\", \"teic\", \"tp\", \"tpl\", \"tpn\")" "c(\"targocid\", \"tecoplanina\", \"tecoplanine\", \"tecoplaninum\", \"teichomycin\", \"teicoplanina\", \"teicoplanine\", \"teicoplaninum\")" 0.4 "g" "c(\"25534-9\", \"25535-6\", \"34378-0\", \"34379-8\", \"4043-6\", \"80968-1\")"
"TCM" "Teicoplanin-macromethod" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"TLV" 3081362 "Telavancin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA03" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "tela" "c(\"telavancin\", \"vibativ\")" "character(0)"
@ -483,14 +483,14 @@
"TBQ" 65592 "Tilbroquinol" "Quinolones" "P01AA05" "" "c(\"tilbroquinol\", \"tilbroquinolum\")" "character(0)"
"TIP" 24860548 "Tildipirosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"tildipirosin\", \"zuprevo\")" "character(0)"
"TIL" 5282521 "Tilmicosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"micotil\", \"pulmotil\", \"tilmicosin\", \"tilmicosina\", \"tilmicosine\", \"tilmicosinum\")" "87588-0"
"TIN" 5479 "Tinidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"J01XD02\", \"P01AB02\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"\", \"tini\")" "c(\"amtiba\", \"bioshik\", \"ethyl sulfone\", \"fasigin\", \"fasigyn\", \"fasigyntrade mark\", \"fasygin\", \"glongyn\", \"haisigyn\", \"pletil\", \"simplotan\", \"simplotantrade mark\", \"sorquetan\", \"tindamax\", \"tindamaxtrade mark\", \"tinidazol\", \"tinidazole\", \"tinidazolum\", \"tricolam\", \"trimonase\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"TIN" 5479 "Tinidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"J01XD02\", \"P01AB02\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"\", \"tini\")" "c(\"amtiba\", \"bioshik\", \"ethyl sulfone\", \"fasigin\", \"fasigyn\", \"fasigyntrade mark\", \"fasygin\", \"glongyn\", \"haisigyn\", \"pletil\", \"simplotan\", \"simplotantrade mark\", \"sorquetan\", \"tindamax\", \"tindamaxtrade mark\", \"tinidazol\", \"tinidazole\", \"tinidazolum\", \"tricolam\", \"trimonase\")" 2 "g" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"TCR" 3001386 "Tiocarlide" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AD02" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Thiocarbamide derivatives" "" "c(\"amixyl\", \"datanil\", \"disocarban\", \"disoxyl\", \"thiocarlide\", \"tiocarlid\", \"tiocarlida\", \"tiocarlide\", \"tiocarlidum\")" 7 "g" "character(0)"
"TDC" 10247721 "Tiodonium chloride" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cloruro de tiodonio\", \"tiodonii chloridum\", \"tiodonium chloride\")" "character(0)"
"TXC" 65788 "Tioxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"tioxacin\", \"tioxacine\", \"tioxacino\", \"tioxacinum\", \"tioxic acid\")" "character(0)"
"TIZ" 394397 "Tizoxanide" "Other antibacterials" "" "ntzdes" "character(0)"
"TOB" 36294 "Tobramycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"J01GB01\", \"S01AA12\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"nn\", \"tm\", \"to\", \"tob\", \"tobr\")" "c(\"bethkis\", \"brulamycin\", \"deoxykanamycin b\", \"distobram\", \"gernebcin\", \"gotabiotic\", \"kitabis pak\", \"nebcin\", \"nebicin\", \"nebramycin\", \"nebramycin vi\", \"obramycin\", \"sybryx\", \"tenebrimycin\", \"tenemycin\", \"tobacin\", \"tobi podhaler\", \"tobracin\", \"tobradex\", \"tobradistin\", \"tobralex\", \"tobramaxin\", \"tobramicin\", \"tobramicina\", \"tobramitsetin\", \"tobramycetin\", \"tobramycin\", \"tobramycin base\", \"tobramycin sulfate\", \"tobramycine\", \"tobramycinum\", \"tobrased\", \"tobrasone\", \"tobrex\")" 0.24 "g" "c(\"13584-8\", \"17808-7\", \"22750-4\", \"22751-2\", \"22752-0\", \"31094-6\", \"31095-3\", \"31096-1\", \"35239-3\", \"35670-9\", \"4057-6\", \"4058-4\", \"4059-2\", \"50927-3\", \"52962-8\", \"59380-6\", \"80966-5\")"
"TOH" "Tobramycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"tobra high\", \"tobramycin high\", \"tohl\")" "" ""
"TFX" 5517 "Tosufloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA22" "" "tosufloxacin" "character(0)"
"TFX" 5517 "Tosufloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA22" "" "tosufloxacin" 0.45 "g" "character(0)"
"TMP" 5578 "Trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EA01" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Trimethoprim and derivatives" "c(\"t\", \"tmp\", \"tr\", \"tri\", \"trim\", \"w\")" "c(\"abaprim\", \"alprim\", \"anitrim\", \"antrima\", \"antrimox\", \"bacdan\", \"bacidal\", \"bacide\", \"bacterial\", \"bacticel\", \"bactifor\", \"bactin\", \"bactoprim\", \"bactramin\", \"bactrim\", \"bencole\", \"bethaprim\", \"biosulten\", \"briscotrim\", \"chemotrin\", \"colizole\", \"colizole ds\", \"conprim\", \"cotrimel\", \"cotrimoxizole\", \"deprim\", \"dosulfin\", \"duocide\", \"esbesul\", \"espectrin\", \"euctrim\", \"exbesul\", \"fermagex\", \"fortrim\", \"idotrim\", \"ikaprim\", \"instalac\", \"kombinax\", \"lagatrim\", \"lagatrim forte\", \"lastrim\", \"lescot\",
\"methoprim\", \"metoprim\", \"monoprim\", \"monotrim\", \"monotrimin\", \"novotrimel\", \"omstat\", \"oraprim\", \"pancidim\", \"polytrim\", \"priloprim\", \"primosept\", \"primsol\", \"proloprim\", \"protrin\", \"purbal\", \"resprim\", \"resprim forte\", \"roubac\", \"roubal\", \"salvatrim\", \"septrin ds\", \"septrin forte\", \"septrin s\", \"setprin\", \"sinotrim\", \"stopan\", \"streptoplus\", \"sugaprim\", \"sulfamar\", \"sulfamethoprim\", \"sulfoxaprim\", \"sulthrim\", \"sultrex\", \"syraprim\", \"tiempe\", \"tmp smx\", \"toprim\", \"trimanyl\", \"trimethioprim\", \"trimethopim\",
\"trimethoprim\", \"trimethoprime\", \"trimethoprimum\", \"trimethopriom\", \"trimetoprim\", \"trimetoprima\", \"trimexazole\", \"trimexol\", \"trimezol\", \"trimogal\", \"trimono\", \"trimopan\", \"trimpex\", \"triprim\", \"trisul\", \"trisulcom\", \"trisulfam\", \"trisural\", \"uretrim\", \"urobactrim\", \"utetrin\", \"velaten\", \"wellcoprim\", \"wellcoprin\", \"xeroprim\", \"zamboprim\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"11005-6\", \"17747-7\", \"25273-4\", \"32342-8\", \"4079-0\", \"4080-8\", \"4081-6\", \"55584-7\", \"80552-3\", \"80973-1\")"
@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
"TYL" 5280440 "Tylosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"fradizine\", \"tilosina\", \"tylocine\", \"tylosin\", \"tylosin a\", \"tylosine\", \"tylosinum\")" "87587-2"
"TYL1" 6441094 "Tylvalosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"PRU1" 124225 "Ulifloxacin (Prulifloxacin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "ulifloxacin" "character(0)"
"VAN" 14969 "Vancomycin" "Glycopeptides" "c(\"A07AA09\", \"J01XA01\", \"S01AA28\")" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "c(\"va\", \"van\", \"vanc\")" "c(\"vancocin\", \"vancocin hcl\", \"vancoled\", \"vancomicina\", \"vancomycin\", \"vancomycin hcl\", \"vancomycine\", \"vancomycinum\", \"vancor\", \"viomycin derivative\")" 2 "g" "c(\"13586-3\", \"13587-1\", \"20578-1\", \"31012-8\", \"39092-2\", \"39796-8\", \"39797-6\", \"4089-9\", \"4090-7\", \"4091-5\", \"4092-3\", \"50938-0\", \"59381-4\")"
"VAN" 14969 "Vancomycin" "Glycopeptides" "c(\"A07AA09\", \"J01XA01\", \"S01AA28\")" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "c(\"va\", \"van\", \"vanc\")" "c(\"vancocin\", \"vancocin hcl\", \"vancoled\", \"vancomicina\", \"vancomycin\", \"vancomycin hcl\", \"vancomycine\", \"vancomycinum\", \"vancor\", \"viomycin derivative\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"13586-3\", \"13587-1\", \"20578-1\", \"31012-8\", \"39092-2\", \"39796-8\", \"39797-6\", \"4089-9\", \"4090-7\", \"4091-5\", \"4092-3\", \"50938-0\", \"59381-4\")"
"VAM" "Vancomycin-macromethod" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"VIO" 135398671 "Viomycin" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"celiomycin\", \"florimycin\", \"floromycin\", \"viomicina\", \"viomycin\", \"viomycine\", \"viomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"VIR" 11979535 "Virginiamycine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"eskalin v\", \"mikamycin\", \"mikamycine\", \"mikamycinum\", \"ostreogrycinum\", \"pristinamycine\", \"pristinamycinum\", \"stafac\", \"stafytracine\", \"staphylomycin\", \"starfac\", \"streptogramin\", \"vernamycin\", \"virgimycin\", \"virgimycine\", \"virginiamycina\", \"virginiamycine\", \"virginiamycinum\")" "character(0)"

41
data-raw/reproduction_of_antibiotics.R
View File

@ -699,23 +699,46 @@ antibiotics$atc <- updated_atc
# update DDDs from WHOCC website ------------------------------------------
# last time checked: 2021-06-23
ddd_oral <- double(length = nrow(antibiotics))
ddd_iv <- double(length = nrow(antibiotics))
# last time checked: 2021-08-19
ddd_oral <- rep(NA_real_, nrow(antibiotics))
ddd_oral_units <- rep(NA_character_, nrow(antibiotics))
ddd_iv <- rep(NA_real_, nrow(antibiotics))
ddd_iv_units <- rep(NA_character_, nrow(antibiotics))
progress <- progress_ticker(nrow(antibiotics))
for (i in seq_len(nrow(antibiotics))) {
on.exit(close(progress))
progress$tick()
if (!is.na(antibiotics$atc[i])) {
ddd_oral[i] <- atc_online_ddd(antibiotics$atc[i], administration = "O")
ddd_iv[i] <- atc_online_ddd(antibiotics$atc[i], administration = "P") # parenteral
Sys.sleep(1)
atcs <- antibiotics$atc[[i]]
if (!all(is.na(atcs))) {
for (j in seq_len(length(atcs))) {
# oral
if (is.na(ddd_oral[i])) {
ddd_oral[i] <- atc_online_ddd(atcs[j], administration = "O")
if (!is.na(ddd_oral[i])) {
ddd_oral_units[i] <- atc_online_ddd_units(atcs[j], administration = "O")
}
}
# parenteral
if (is.na(ddd_iv[i])) {
ddd_iv[i] <- atc_online_ddd(atcs[j], administration = "P")
if (!is.na(ddd_iv[i])) {
ddd_iv_units[i] <- atc_online_ddd_units(atcs[j], administration = "P")
}
}
}
}
if (!is.na(ddd_oral[i]) | !is.na(ddd_iv[i])) {
# let the WHO server rest for 0.25 second - they might have a limitation on the queries per second
Sys.sleep(0.25)
}
}
ddd_oral[ddd_oral == 0] <- NA_real_
ddd_iv[ddd_iv == 0] <- NA_real_
antibiotics$oral_ddd <- ddd_oral
antibiotics$oral_units <- ddd_oral_units
antibiotics$iv_ddd <- ddd_iv
antibiotics$iv_units <- ddd_iv_units
# Wrap up -----------------------------------------------------------------
# set as data.frame again
antibiotics <- as.data.frame(antibiotics, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)

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6
docs/articles/datasets.html
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@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9025</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9026</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>Data sets for download / own use</h1>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">18 August 2021</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">19 August 2021</h4>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/vignettes/datasets.Rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/datasets.Rmd</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>datasets.Rmd</code></div>
@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
<a href="#antibiotic-agents" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>Antibiotic agents</h2>
<p>A data set with 456 rows and 14 columns, containing the following column names:<br><em>ab</em>, <em>cid</em>, <em>name</em>, <em>group</em>, <em>atc</em>, <em>atc_group1</em>, <em>atc_group2</em>, <em>abbreviations</em>, <em>synonyms</em>, <em>oral_ddd</em>, <em>oral_units</em>, <em>iv_ddd</em>, <em>iv_units</em> and <em>loinc</em>.</p>
<p>This data set is in R available as <code>antibiotics</code>, after you load the <code>AMR</code> package.</p>
<p>It was last updated on 16 August 2021 13:16:15 UTC. Find more info about the structure of this data set <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/antibiotics.html">here</a>.</p>
<p>It was last updated on 19 August 2021 21:21:57 UTC. Find more info about the structure of this data set <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/antibiotics.html">here</a>.</p>
<p><strong>Direct download links:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/master/data-raw/../data-raw/antibiotics.rds" class="external-link">R file</a> (32 kB)<br>

128
docs/news/index.html
View File

@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9025</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9026</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -240,17 +240,17 @@
<small>Source: <a href='https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/NEWS.md'><code>NEWS.md</code></a></small>
</div>
<div id="amr-1719025" class="section level1">
<h1 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.7.1.9025">
<a href="#amr-1719025" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a><small> Unreleased </small><code>AMR</code> 1.7.1.9025</h1>
<div id="last-updated-18-august-2021" class="section level2">
<div id="amr-1719026" class="section level1">
<h1 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.7.1.9026">
<a href="#amr-1719026" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a><small> Unreleased </small><code>AMR</code> 1.7.1.9026</h1>
<div id="last-updated-19-august-2021" class="section level2">
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#last-updated-18-august-2021" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a><small>Last updated: 18 August 2021</small>
<a href="#last-updated-19-august-2021" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a><small>Last updated: 19 August 2021</small>
</h2>
<div id="breaking-changes" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#breaking-changes" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>Breaking changes</h3>
<ul><li>Removed <code>p_symbol()</code> and all <code>filter_*()</code> functions (except for <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code>), which were all deprecated in a previous package version</li>
<ul><li>Removed <code><a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/AMR-deprecated.html">p_symbol()</a></code> and all <code>filter_*()</code> functions (except for <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code>), which were all deprecated in a previous package version</li>
<li>Removed the <code>key_antibiotics()</code> and <code>key_antibiotics_equal()</code> functions, which were deprecated and superseded by <code><a href="../reference/key_antimicrobials.html">key_antimicrobials()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/key_antimicrobials.html">antimicrobials_equal()</a></code>
</li>
<li>Removed all previously implemented <code><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot2::ggplot()</a></code> generics for classes <code>&lt;mic&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;disk&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;rsi&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;resistance_predict&gt;</code> as they did not follow the <code>ggplot2</code> logic. They were replaced with <code><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/autoplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot2::autoplot()</a></code> generics.</li>
@ -269,6 +269,7 @@
<code>antibiotics$atc</code> is now a <code>list</code> instead of a <code>character</code>, and this <code>atc</code> column was moved to the 5th position of the <code>antibiotics</code> data set</li>
<li>
<code><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_atc()</a></code> does not always return a character vector with length 1, and returns a <code>list</code> if the input is larger than length 1</li>
<li>Some DDDs (daily defined doses) were added or updated according to newly included ATC codes</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Antibiotic selectors
<ul><li><p>They now also work in R-3.0 and R-3.1, supporting every version of R since 2013</p></li>
@ -280,6 +281,13 @@
<span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">penicillins</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">administrable_per_os</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="co"># base R</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">penicillins</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">administrable_per_os</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># dplyr</span></code></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Added the selector <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">ab_selector()</a></code>, which accepts a filter to be used internally on the <code>antibiotics</code> data set, yielding great flexibility on drug properties, such as selecting antibiotic columns with an oral DDD of at least 1 gram:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">ab_selector</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">oral_ddd</span> <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="fl">1</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="va">oral_units</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"g"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="co"># base R</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">ab_selector</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">oral_ddd</span> <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="fl">1</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="va">oral_units</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"g"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># dplyr</span></code></pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>Fix for using selectors multiple times in one call (e.g., using them in <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">dplyr::filter()</a></code> and immediately after in <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">dplyr::select()</a></code>)</p></li>
<li><p>Added argument <code>only_treatable</code>, which defaults to <code>TRUE</code> and will exclude drugs that are only for laboratory tests and not for treating patients (such as imipenem/EDTA and gentamicin-high)</p></li>
</ul></li>
@ -313,7 +321,7 @@
<a href="#breaking-change" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>Breaking change</h3>
<ul><li>
<p>All antibiotic class selectors (such as <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">carbapenems()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">aminoglycosides()</a></code>) can now be used for filtering as well, making all their accompanying <code>filter_*()</code> functions redundant (such as <code>filter_carbapenems()</code>, <code>filter_aminoglycosides()</code>). These functions are now deprecated and will be removed in a next release. Examples of how the selectors can be used for filtering:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># select columns with results for carbapenems</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">carbapenems</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="co"># base R</span>
@ -370,7 +378,7 @@
<ul><li><p>Now checks if <code>pattern</code> is a <em>valid</em> regular expression</p></li>
<li>
<p>Added <code><a href="../reference/like.html">%unlike%</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/like.html">%unlike_case%</a></code> (as negations of the existing <code><a href="../reference/like.html">%like%</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/like.html">%like_case%</a></code>). This greatly improves readability:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="op">!</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/grep.html">grepl</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"EUCAST"</span>, <span class="va">guideline</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">...</span>
<span class="co"># same:</span>
@ -426,7 +434,7 @@
</ul></li>
<li>
<p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">oxazolidinones()</a></code> (an antibiotic selector function) and <code>filter_oxazolidinones()</code> (an antibiotic filter function) to select/filter on e.g. linezolid and tedizolid</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="va">hospital_id</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">oxazolidinones</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -439,7 +447,7 @@
<li><p><code>ggplot()</code> generics for classes <code>&lt;mic&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;disk&gt;</code></p></li>
<li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_yeast()</a></code>, which determines whether a microorganism is a member of the taxonomic class Saccharomycetes or the taxonomic order Saccharomycetales:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_kingdom</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Aspergillus"</span>, <span class="st">"Candida"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] "Fungi" "Fungi"</span>
@ -451,7 +459,7 @@
<span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/which.html">which</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_yeast</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span> <span class="co"># base R</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_yeast</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># dplyr</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_type()</a></code> function has also been updated to reflect this change:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_type</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Aspergillus"</span>, <span class="st">"Candida"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Fungi" "Yeasts"</span>
@ -461,7 +469,7 @@
<li><p>Added Pretomanid (PMD, J04AK08) to the <code>antibiotics</code> data set</p></li>
<li>
<p>MIC values (see <code><a href="../reference/as.mic.html">as.mic()</a></code>) can now be used in any mathematical processing, such as usage inside functions <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Extremes.html" class="external-link">min()</a></code>, <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Extremes.html" class="external-link">max()</a></code>, <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/range.html" class="external-link">range()</a></code>, and with binary operators (<code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Arithmetic.html" class="external-link">+</a></code>, <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Arithmetic.html" class="external-link">-</a></code>, etc.). This allows for easy distribution analysis and fast filtering on MIC values:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">x</span>
@ -534,7 +542,7 @@
<a href="#new-3" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>New</h3>
<ul><li>
<p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/get_episode.html">get_episode()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/get_episode.html">is_new_episode()</a></code> to determine (patient) episodes which are not necessarily based on microorganisms. The <code><a href="../reference/get_episode.html">get_episode()</a></code> function returns the index number of the episode per group, while the <code><a href="../reference/get_episode.html">is_new_episode()</a></code> function returns values <code>TRUE</code>/<code>FALSE</code> to indicate whether an item in a vector is the start of a new episode. They also support <code>dplyr</code>s grouping (i.e. using <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by()</a></code>):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -580,7 +588,7 @@
<li>
<code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdr_cmi2012()</a></code>,</li>
<li><code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">eucast_exceptional_phenotypes()</a></code></li>
</ul><div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
</ul><div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># to select first isolates that are Gram-negative </span>
<span class="co"># and view results of cephalosporins and aminoglycosides:</span>
@ -592,7 +600,7 @@
</li>
<li>
<p>For antibiotic selection functions (such as <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">cephalosporins()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">aminoglycosides()</a></code>) to select columns based on a certain antibiotic group, the dependency on the <code>tidyselect</code> package was removed, meaning that they can now also be used without the need to have this package installed and now also work in base R function calls (they rely on R 3.2 or later):</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># above example in base R:</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/which.html">which</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_negative</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,
@ -600,7 +608,7 @@
</li>
<li><p>For all function arguments in the code, it is now defined what the exact type of user input should be (inspired by the <a href="https://github.com/moodymudskipper/typed" class="external-link"><code>typed</code></a> package). If the user input for a certain function does not meet the requirements for a specific argument (such as the class or length), an informative error will be thrown. This makes the package more robust and the use of it more reproducible and reliable. In total, more than 420 arguments were defined.</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for <code><a href="../reference/mo_source.html">set_mo_source()</a></code>, that previously would not remember the file location of the original file</p></li>
<li><p>Deprecated function <code>p_symbol()</code> that not really fits the scope of this package. It will be removed in a future version. See <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/v1.4.0/R/p_symbol.R" class="external-link">here</a> for the source code to preserve it.</p></li>
<li><p>Deprecated function <code><a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/AMR-deprecated.html">p_symbol()</a></code> that not really fits the scope of this package. It will be removed in a future version. See <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/v1.4.0/R/p_symbol.R" class="external-link">here</a> for the source code to preserve it.</p></li>
<li><p>Updated coagulase-negative staphylococci determination with Becker <em>et al.</em> 2020 (PMID 32056452), meaning that the species <em>S. argensis</em>, <em>S. caeli</em>, <em>S. debuckii</em>, <em>S. edaphicus</em> and <em>S. pseudoxylosus</em> are now all considered CoNS</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for using argument <code>reference_df</code> in <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> and <code>mo_*()</code> functions that contain old microbial codes (from previous package versions)</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a bug where <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">mo_uncertainties()</a></code> would not return the results based on the MO matching score</p></li>
@ -638,7 +646,7 @@
<li>
<p>Data set <code>intrinsic_resistant</code>. This data set contains all bug-drug combinations where the ‘bug’ is intrinsic resistant to the ‘drug’ according to the latest EUCAST insights. It contains just two columns: <code>microorganism</code> and <code>antibiotic</code>.</p>
<p>Curious about which enterococci are actually intrinsic resistant to vancomycin?</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR">AMR</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -658,7 +666,7 @@
<p>Improvements for <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code>:</p>
<ul><li>
<p>Support for using <code>dplyr</code>’s <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/across.html" class="external-link">across()</a></code> to interpret MIC values or disk zone diameters, which also automatically determines the column with microorganism names or codes.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># until dplyr 1.0.0</span>
<span class="va">your_data</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html">mutate_if</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">is.mic</span>, <span class="va">as.rsi</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -675,7 +683,7 @@
</ul></li>
<li>
<p>Added intelligent data cleaning to <code><a href="../reference/as.disk.html">as.disk()</a></code>, so numbers can also be extracted from text and decimal numbers will always be rounded up:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.disk.html">as.disk</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"disk zone: 23.4 mm"</span>, <span class="fl">23.4</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; Class &lt;disk&gt;</span>
@ -727,7 +735,7 @@
<ul><li><p>Function <code><a href="../reference/ab_from_text.html">ab_from_text()</a></code> to retrieve antimicrobial drug names, doses and forms of administration from clinical texts in e.g. health care records, which also corrects for misspelling since it uses <code><a href="../reference/as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code> internally</p></li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://tidyselect.r-lib.org/reference/language.html" class="external-link">Tidyverse selection helpers</a> for antibiotic classes, that help to select the columns of antibiotics that are of a specific antibiotic class, without the need to define the columns or antibiotic abbreviations. They can be used in any function that allows selection helpers, like <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">dplyr::select()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://tidyr.tidyverse.org/reference/pivot_longer.html" class="external-link">tidyr::pivot_longer()</a></code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -833,7 +841,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<div id="other-5" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#other-5" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>Other</h3>
<ul><li>Removed previously deprecated function <code>p.symbol()</code> - it was replaced with <code>p_symbol()</code>
<ul><li>Removed previously deprecated function <code>p.symbol()</code> - it was replaced with <code><a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/AMR-deprecated.html">p_symbol()</a></code>
</li>
<li>Removed function <code>read.4d()</code>, that was only useful for reading data from an old test database.</li>
</ul></div>
@ -880,7 +888,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul><li><p>Fixed important floating point error for some MIC comparisons in EUCAST 2020 guideline</p></li>
<li>
<p>Interpretation from MIC values (and disk zones) to R/SI can now be used with <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html" class="external-link">mutate_at()</a></code> of the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">yourdata</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html">mutate_at</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/vars.html">vars</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">antibiotic1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="va">antibiotic25</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">as.rsi</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"E. coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -905,7 +913,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Support for LOINC and SNOMED codes
<ul><li>
<p>Support for LOINC codes in the <code>antibiotics</code> data set. Use <code><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve LOINC codes, or use a LOINC code for input in any <code>ab_*</code> function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_loinc</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"ampicillin"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] "21066-6" "3355-5" "33562-0" "33919-2" "43883-8" "43884-6" "87604-5"</span>
@ -916,7 +924,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for SNOMED CT codes in the <code>microorganisms</code> data set. Use <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_snomed()</a></code> to retrieve SNOMED codes, or use a SNOMED code for input in any <code>mo_*</code> function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_snomed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S. aureus"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] 115329001 3092008 113961008</span>
@ -968,11 +976,11 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul><li>Adopted Adeolu <em>et al.</em> (2016), <a href="https:/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27620848/">PMID 27620848</a> for the <code>microorganisms</code> data set, which means that the new order Enterobacterales now consists of a part of the existing family Enterobacteriaceae, but that this family has been split into other families as well (like <em>Morganellaceae</em> and <em>Yersiniaceae</em>). Although published in 2016, this information is not yet in the Catalogue of Life version of 2019. All MDRO determinations with <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro()</a></code> will now use the Enterobacterales order for all guidelines before 2016 that were dependent on the Enterobacteriaceae family.
<ul><li>
<p>If you were dependent on the old Enterobacteriaceae family e.g. by using in your code:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_family</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">somebugs</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Enterobacteriaceae"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">...</span></code></pre></div>
<p>then please adjust this to:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_order</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">somebugs</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Enterobacterales"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">...</span></code></pre></div>
</li>
@ -983,7 +991,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<a href="#new-8" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>New</h3>
<ul><li>
<p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">susceptibility()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">resistance()</a></code> as aliases of <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_SI()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_R()</a></code>, respectively. These functions were added to make it more clear that “I” should be considered susceptible and not resistant.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -1007,7 +1015,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>More intelligent way of coping with some consonants like “l” and “r”</p></li>
<li>
<p>Added a score (a certainty percentage) to <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">mo_uncertainties()</a></code>, that is calculated using the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance" class="external-link">Levenshtein distance</a>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Stafylococcus aureus"</span>,
<span class="st">"staphylokok aureuz"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1058,14 +1066,14 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<a href="#breaking-2" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>Breaking</h3>
<ul><li>
<p>Determination of first isolates now <strong>excludes</strong> all ‘unknown’ microorganisms at default, i.e. microbial code <code>"UNKNOWN"</code>. They can be included with the new argument <code>include_unknown</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">...</span>, include_unknown <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>For WHONET users, this means that all records/isolates with organism code <code>"con"</code> (<em>contamination</em>) will be excluded at default, since <code>as.mo("con") = "UNKNOWN"</code>. The function always shows a note with the number of ‘unknown’ microorganisms that were included or excluded.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For code consistency, classes <code>ab</code> and <code>mo</code> will now be preserved in any subsetting or assignment. For the sake of data integrity, this means that invalid assignments will now result in <code>NA</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># how it works in base R:</span>
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/factor.html">factor</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"A"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1088,7 +1096,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<a href="#new-9" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>New</h3>
<ul><li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/bug_drug_combinations.html">bug_drug_combinations()</a></code> to quickly get a <code>data.frame</code> with the results of all bug-drug combinations in a data set. The column containing microorganism codes is guessed automatically and its input is transformed with <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_shortname()</a></code> at default:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/bug_drug_combinations.html">bug_drug_combinations</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for `col_mo`.</span>
@ -1111,13 +1119,13 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="co">#&gt; 4 Gram-negative AMX 227 0 405 632</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; NOTE: Use 'format()' on this result to get a publicable/printable format.</span></code></pre></div>
<p>You can format this to a printable format, ready for reporting or exporting to e.g. Excel with the base R <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/format.html" class="external-link">format()</a></code> function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/format.html">format</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, combine_IR <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Additional way to calculate co-resistance, i.e. when using multiple antimicrobials as input for <code>portion_*</code> functions or <code>count_*</code> functions. This can be used to determine the empiric susceptibility of a combination therapy. A new argument <code>only_all_tested</code> (<strong>which defaults to <code>FALSE</code></strong>) replaces the old <code>also_single_tested</code> and can be used to select one of the two methods to count isolates and calculate portions. The difference can be seen in this example table (which is also on the <code>portion</code> and <code>count</code> help pages), where the %SI is being determined:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># --------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="co"># only_all_tested = FALSE only_all_tested = TRUE</span>
@ -1139,7 +1147,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p><code>tibble</code> printing support for classes <code>rsi</code>, <code>mic</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>ab</code> <code>mo</code>. When using <code>tibble</code>s containing antimicrobial columns, values <code>S</code> will print in green, values <code>I</code> will print in yellow and values <code>R</code> will print in red. Microbial IDs (class <code>mo</code>) will emphasise on the genus and species, not on the kingdom.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># (run this on your own console, as this page does not support colour printing)</span>
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1187,7 +1195,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Improved <code>filter_ab_class()</code> to be more reliable and to support 5th generation cephalosporins</li>
<li>Function <code><a href="../reference/availability.html">availability()</a></code> now uses <code>portion_R()</code> instead of <code>portion_IR()</code>, to comply with EUCAST insights</li>
<li>Functions <code><a href="../reference/age.html">age()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/age_groups.html">age_groups()</a></code> now have a <code>na.rm</code> argument to remove empty values</li>
<li>Renamed function <code>p.symbol()</code> to <code>p_symbol()</code> (the former is now deprecated and will be removed in a future version)</li>
<li>Renamed function <code>p.symbol()</code> to <code><a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/AMR-deprecated.html">p_symbol()</a></code> (the former is now deprecated and will be removed in a future version)</li>
<li>Using negative values for <code>x</code> in <code><a href="../reference/age_groups.html">age_groups()</a></code> will now introduce <code>NA</code>s and not return an error anymore</li>
<li>Fix for determining the system’s language</li>
<li>Fix for <code>key_antibiotics()</code> on foreign systems</li>
@ -1211,7 +1219,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<a href="#new-10" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>New</h4>
<ul><li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">rsi_df()</a></code> to transform a <code>data.frame</code> to a data set containing only the microbial interpretation (S, I, R), the antibiotic, the percentage of S/I/R and the number of available isolates. This is a convenient combination of the existing functions <code><a href="../reference/count.html">count_df()</a></code> and <code>portion_df()</code> to immediately show resistance percentages and number of available isolates:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AMX</span>, <span class="va">CIP</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -1236,7 +1244,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>STEC (Shiga-toxin producing <em>E. coli</em>)</li>
<li>UPEC (Uropathogenic <em>E. coli</em>)</li>
</ul><p>All these lead to the microbial ID of <em>E. coli</em>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb30"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"UPEC"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># B_ESCHR_COL</span>
@ -1325,7 +1333,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>when all values are unique it now shows a message instead of a warning</p></li>
<li>
<p>support for boxplots:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb30"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -1405,7 +1413,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</ul></li>
<li>
<p>New filters for antimicrobial classes. Use these functions to filter isolates on results in one of more antibiotics from a specific class:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu">filter_aminoglycosides</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">filter_carbapenems</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1419,7 +1427,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="fu">filter_macrolides</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">filter_tetracyclines</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>The <code>antibiotics</code> data set will be searched, after which the input data will be checked for column names with a value in any abbreviations, codes or official names found in the <code>antibiotics</code> data set. For example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">filter_glycopeptides</span><span class="op">(</span>result <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"R"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Filtering on glycopeptide antibacterials: any of `vanc` or `teic` is R</span>
@ -1428,7 +1436,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>All <code>ab_*</code> functions are deprecated and replaced by <code>atc_*</code> functions:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb34"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">ab_property</span> <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="fu">atc_property</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">ab_name</span> <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="fu">atc_name</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1449,7 +1457,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>New function <code><a href="../reference/age_groups.html">age_groups()</a></code> to split ages into custom or predefined groups (like children or elderly). This allows for easier demographic AMR data analysis per age group.</p></li>
<li>
<p>New function <code><a href="../reference/resistance_predict.html">ggplot_rsi_predict()</a></code> as well as the base R <code><a href="../reference/plot.html">plot()</a></code> function can now be used for resistance prediction calculated with <code><a href="../reference/resistance_predict.html">resistance_predict()</a></code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb34"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb35"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/resistance_predict.html">resistance_predict</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, col_ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"amox"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/plot.html">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1457,13 +1465,13 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code> and <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> to shorten and fasten filtering on data sets with antimicrobial results, e.g.:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb35"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb36"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># or</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>is equal to:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb36"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>only_firsts <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -1491,7 +1499,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Improvements for <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>:
<ul><li>
<p>Now handles incorrect spelling, like <code>i</code> instead of <code>y</code> and <code>f</code> instead of <code>ph</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb38"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># mo_fullname() uses as.mo() internally</span>
@ -1503,7 +1511,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>Uncertainty of the algorithm is now divided into four levels, 0 to 3, where the default <code>allow_uncertain = TRUE</code> is equal to uncertainty level 2. Run <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">?as.mo</a></code> for more info about these levels.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb38"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb39"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># equal:</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">...</span>, allow_uncertain <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1518,7 +1526,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>All microbial IDs that found are now saved to a local file <code>~/.Rhistory_mo</code>. Use the new function <code>clean_mo_history()</code> to delete this file, which resets the algorithms.</p></li>
<li>
<p>Incoercible results will now be considered ‘unknown’, MO code <code>UNKNOWN</code>. On foreign systems, properties of these will be translated to all languages already previously supported: German, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb39"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"qwerty"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"es"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Warning: </span>
@ -1562,7 +1570,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Frequency tables (<code>freq()</code> function):
<ul><li>
<p>Support for tidyverse quasiquotation! Now you can create frequency tables of function outcomes:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="co"># Determine genus of microorganisms (mo) in `septic_patients` data set:</span>
<span class="co"># OLD WAY</span>
@ -1636,7 +1644,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Fewer than 3 characters as input for <code>as.mo</code> will return NA</p></li>
<li>
<p>Function <code>as.mo</code> (and all <code>mo_*</code> wrappers) now supports genus abbreviations with “species” attached</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb42"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. species"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># B_ESCHR</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_fullname</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. spp."</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># "Escherichia species"</span>
@ -1652,7 +1660,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<p>Frequency tables - <code>freq()</code>:</p>
<ul><li>
<p>Support for grouping variables, test with:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb42"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -1660,7 +1668,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for (un)selecting columns:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb44"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -1730,7 +1738,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Author and year: <code>mo_ref</code>
</li>
</ul><p>They also come with support for German, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb44"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb45"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Gram negative"</span>
@ -1741,7 +1749,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_fullname</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S. group A"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"pt"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Portuguese</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Streptococcus grupo A"</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Furthermore, former taxonomic names will give a note about the current taxonomic name:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb45"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb46"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Esc blattae"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Note: 'Escherichia blattae' (Burgess et al., 1973) was renamed 'Shimwellia blattae' (Priest and Barker, 2010)</span>
@ -1754,7 +1762,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Function <code>is.rsi.eligible</code> to check for columns that have valid antimicrobial results, but do not have the <code>rsi</code> class yet. Transform the columns of your raw data with: <code>data %&gt;% mutate_if(is.rsi.eligible, as.rsi)</code></p></li>
<li>
<p>Functions <code>as.mo</code> and <code>is.mo</code> as replacements for <code>as.bactid</code> and <code>is.bactid</code> (since the <code>microoganisms</code> data set not only contains bacteria). These last two functions are deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The <code>as.mo</code> function determines microbial IDs using intelligent rules:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb46"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb47"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] B_ESCHR_COL</span>
@ -1763,7 +1771,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S group A"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] B_STRPTC_GRA</span></code></pre></div>
<p>And with great speed too - on a quite regular Linux server from 2007 it takes us less than 0.02 seconds to transform 25,000 items:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb47"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb48"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">thousands_of_E_colis</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/rep.html">rep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. coli"</span>, <span class="fl">25000</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">microbenchmark</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/microbenchmark/man/microbenchmark.html">microbenchmark</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">thousands_of_E_colis</span><span class="op">)</span>, unit <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"s"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1793,7 +1801,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul><li><p>Added three antimicrobial agents to the <code>antibiotics</code> data set: Terbinafine (D01BA02), Rifaximin (A07AA11) and Isoconazole (D01AC05)</p></li>
<li>
<p>Added 163 trade names to the <code>antibiotics</code> data set, it now contains 298 different trade names in total, e.g.:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb48"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb49"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="fu">ab_official</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Bactroban"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Mupirocin"</span>
@ -1810,7 +1818,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Added arguments <code>minimum</code> and <code>as_percent</code> to <code>portion_df</code></p></li>
<li>
<p>Support for quasiquotation in the functions series <code>count_*</code> and <code>portions_*</code>, and <code>n_rsi</code>. This allows to check for more than 2 vectors or columns.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb49"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb50"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">amox</span>, <span class="va">cipr</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/count.html">count_IR</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># which is the same as:</span>
@ -1830,12 +1838,12 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Added longest en shortest character length in the frequency table (<code>freq</code>) header of class <code>character</code></p></li>
<li>
<p>Support for types (classes) list and matrix for <code>freq</code></p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb50"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb51"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">my_matrix</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/with.html">with</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html">matrix</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span>, <span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span>, ncol <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_matrix</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>For lists, subsetting is possible:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb51"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb52"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R">
<span class="va">my_list</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span>age <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">septic_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">age</span>, gender <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">septic_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span>

17
docs/reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html
View File

@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9024</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9026</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -223,13 +223,6 @@
Source Code
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../survey.html">
<span class="fa fa-clipboard-list"></span>
Survey
</a>
</li>
</ul>
@ -316,7 +309,7 @@
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>ab_class</th>
<td><p>an antimicrobial class, such as <code>"carbapenems"</code>. The columns <code>group</code>, <code>atc_group1</code> and <code>atc_group2</code> of the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set will be searched (case-insensitive) for this value.</p></td>
<td><p>an antimicrobial class or a part of it, such as <code>"carba"</code> and <code>"carbapenems"</code>. The columns <code>group</code>, <code>atc_group1</code> and <code>atc_group2</code> of the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set will be searched (case-insensitive) for this value.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>only_rsi_columns</th>
@ -343,7 +336,7 @@
<p>These functions can be used in data set calls for selecting columns and filtering rows. They are heavily inspired by the <a href='https://tidyselect.r-lib.org/reference/language.html'>Tidyverse selection helpers</a> such as <code><a href='https://tidyselect.r-lib.org/reference/everything.html'>everything()</a></code>, but also work in base <span style="R">R</span> and not only in <code>dplyr</code> verbs. Nonetheless, they are very convenient to use with <code>dplyr</code> functions such as <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html'>select()</a></code>, <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code> and <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise()</a></code>, see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
<p>All columns in the data in which these functions are called will be searched for known antibiotic names, abbreviations, brand names, and codes (ATC, EARS-Net, WHO, etc.) according to the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set. This means that a selector such as <code>aminoglycosides()</code> will pick up column names like 'gen', 'genta', 'J01GB03', 'tobra', 'Tobracin', etc.</p>
<p>The <code>ab_class()</code> function can be used to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class. It searches for results in the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set within the columns <code>name</code>, <code>atc_group1</code> and <code>atc_group2</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>ab_class()</code> function can be used to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class. It searches for results in the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set within the columns <code>group</code>, <code>atc_group1</code> and <code>atc_group2</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>ab_selector()</code> function can be used to internally filter the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set on any results, see <em>Examples</em>. It allows for filtering on a (part of) a certain name, and/or a group name or even a minimum of DDDs for oral treatment. This function yields the highest flexibility, but is also the least user-friendly, since it requires a hard-coded filter to set.</p>
<p>The <code>administrable_per_os()</code> and <code>administrable_iv()</code> functions also rely on the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set - antibiotic columns will be matched where a DDD (defined daily dose) for resp. oral and IV treatment is available in the <a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a> data set.</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="full-list-of-supported-antibiotic-classes"><a class="anchor" href="#full-list-of-supported-antibiotic-classes"></a>Full list of supported (antibiotic) classes</h2>
@ -432,6 +425,10 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<span class='co'># and erythromycin is not a penicillin:</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span><span class='op'>[</span>, <span class='fu'>penicillins</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>&amp;</span> <span class='fu'>administrable_per_os</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>]</span>
<span class='co'># ab_selector() applies a filter in the `antibiotics` data set and is thus very</span>
<span class='co'># flexible. For instance, to select antibiotic columns with an oral DDD of at</span>
<span class='co'># least 1 gram:</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span><span class='op'>[</span>, <span class='fu'>ab_selector</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>oral_ddd</span> <span class='op'>&gt;</span> <span class='fl'>1</span> <span class='op'>&amp;</span> <span class='va'>oral_units</span> <span class='op'>==</span> <span class='st'>"g"</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>]</span>
<span class='co'># dplyr -------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class='co'># \donttest{</span>

37
docs/reference/antibiotics.html
View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobials — antibiotics • AMR (for R)</title>
<title>Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobial Drugs — antibiotics • AMR (for R)</title>
<!-- favicons -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="../favicon-16x16.png">
@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
<link href="../extra.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="../extra.js"></script>
<meta property="og:title" content="Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobials — antibiotics" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobial Drugs — antibiotics" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use as.ab() or one of the ab_* functions to retrieve values from the antibiotics data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (ab, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (atc) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (cid) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes. Note that some drugs have multiple ATC codes." />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9024</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9026</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -223,13 +223,6 @@
Source Code
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../survey.html">
<span class="fa fa-clipboard-list"></span>
Survey
</a>
</li>
</ul>
@ -244,7 +237,7 @@
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobials</h1>
<h1>Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobial Drugs</h1>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href='https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/R/data.R'><code>R/data.R</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>antibiotics.Rd</code></div>
</div>
@ -273,9 +266,9 @@
<li><p><code>atc_group2</code><br /> Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>"Macrolides"</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>abbr</code><br /> List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)</p></li>
<li><p><code>synonyms</code><br /> Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for 170 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_units</code><br /> Units of <code>oral_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for 145 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_units</code><br /> Units of <code>iv_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>loinc</code><br /> All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve them quickly, see <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_property()</a></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
@ -291,9 +284,9 @@
<li><p><code>atc_group2</code><br /> Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>"Macrolides"</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>abbr</code><br /> List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)</p></li>
<li><p><code>synonyms</code><br /> Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for 170 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_units</code><br /> Units of <code>oral_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for 145 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_units</code><br /> Units of <code>iv_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>loinc</code><br /> All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve them quickly, see <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_property()</a></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
@ -309,9 +302,9 @@
<li><p><code>atc_group2</code><br /> Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>"Macrolides"</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>abbr</code><br /> List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)</p></li>
<li><p><code>synonyms</code><br /> Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for 170 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_units</code><br /> Units of <code>oral_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for 145 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_units</code><br /> Units of <code>iv_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>loinc</code><br /> All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve them quickly, see <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_property()</a></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
@ -327,9 +320,9 @@
<li><p><code>atc_group2</code><br /> Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>"Macrolides"</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>abbr</code><br /> List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)</p></li>
<li><p><code>synonyms</code><br /> Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for 170 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_units</code><br /> Units of <code>oral_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for 145 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_units</code><br /> Units of <code>iv_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>loinc</code><br /> All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve them quickly, see <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_property()</a></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
@ -345,9 +338,9 @@
<li><p><code>atc_group2</code><br /> Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>"Macrolides"</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>abbr</code><br /> List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)</p></li>
<li><p><code>synonyms</code><br /> Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for 170 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_units</code><br /> Units of <code>oral_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br /> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for 145 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_units</code><br /> Units of <code>iv_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>loinc</code><br /> All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve them quickly, see <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_property()</a></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
@ -429,7 +422,7 @@
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="details"><a class="anchor" href="#details"></a>Details</h2>
<p>Properties that are based on an ATC code are only available when an ATC is available. These properties are: <code>atc_group1</code>, <code>atc_group2</code>, <code>oral_ddd</code>, <code>oral_units</code>, <code>iv_ddd</code> and <code>iv_units</code>.</p>
<p>Synonyms (i.e. trade names) are derived from the Compound ID (<code>cid</code>) and consequently only available where a CID is available.</p><h3 class='hasAnchor' id='direct-download'><a class='anchor' aria-hidden='true' href='#direct-download'></a>Direct download</h3>
<p>Synonyms (i.e. trade names) were derived from the Compound ID (<code>cid</code>) and consequently only available where a CID is available.</p><h3 class='hasAnchor' id='direct-download'><a class='anchor' aria-hidden='true' href='#direct-download'></a>Direct download</h3>
<p>These data sets are available as 'flat files' for use even without <span style="R">R</span> - you can find the files here:</p><ul>

20
docs/reference/atc_online.html
View File

@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script>
<meta property="og:title" content="Get ATC Properties from WHOCC Website — atc_online_property" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Gets data from the WHO to determine properties of an ATC (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit." />
<meta property="og:description" content="Gets data from the WHOCC website to determine properties of an Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit." />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends" />
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9024</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9026</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -223,13 +223,6 @@
Source Code
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../survey.html">
<span class="fa fa-clipboard-list"></span>
Survey
</a>
</li>
</ul>
@ -250,7 +243,7 @@
</div>
<div class="ref-description">
<p>Gets data from the WHO to determine properties of an ATC (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit.</p>
<p>Gets data from the WHOCC website to determine properties of an Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit.</p>
</div>
<div class="ref-usage sourceCode"><pre class='sourceCode r'><code><span class='fu'>atc_online_property</span><span class='op'>(</span>
@ -263,14 +256,16 @@
<span class='fu'>atc_online_groups</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>atc_code</span>, <span class='va'>...</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='fu'>atc_online_ddd</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>atc_code</span>, <span class='va'>...</span><span class='op'>)</span></code></pre></div>
<span class='fu'>atc_online_ddd</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>atc_code</span>, <span class='va'>...</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='fu'>atc_online_ddd_units</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>atc_code</span>, <span class='va'>...</span><span class='op'>)</span></code></pre></div>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="arguments"><a class="anchor" href="#arguments"></a>Arguments</h2>
<table class="ref-arguments">
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>atc_code</th>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html'>character</a> or <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html'>character</a> vector with ATC code(s) of antibiotic(s)</p></td>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html'>character</a> (vector) with ATC code(s) of antibiotics, will be coerced with <code><a href='as.ab.html'>as.ab()</a></code> and <code><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_atc()</a></code> internally if not a valid ATC code</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>property</th>
@ -342,6 +337,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<span class='kw'>if</span> <span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/ns-load.html'>requireNamespace</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'>"curl"</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>&amp;&amp;</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/ns-load.html'>requireNamespace</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'>"rvest"</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>&amp;&amp;</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/ns-load.html'>requireNamespace</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'>"xml2"</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>{</span>
<span class='co'># oral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin</span>
<span class='fu'>atc_online_property</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'>"J01CA04"</span>, <span class='st'>"DDD"</span>, <span class='st'>"O"</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='fu'>atc_online_ddd</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'><a href='ab_property.html'>ab_atc</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'>"amox"</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># parenteral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin</span>
<span class='fu'>atc_online_property</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'>"J01CA04"</span>, <span class='st'>"DDD"</span>, <span class='st'>"P"</span><span class='op'>)</span>

6
docs/reference/index.html
View File

@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9025</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9026</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -311,7 +311,7 @@
</tr><tr>
<td>
<p><code><a href="atc_online.html">atc_online_property()</a></code> <code><a href="atc_online.html">atc_online_groups()</a></code> <code><a href="atc_online.html">atc_online_ddd()</a></code> </p>
<p><code><a href="atc_online.html">atc_online_property()</a></code> <code><a href="atc_online.html">atc_online_groups()</a></code> <code><a href="atc_online.html">atc_online_ddd()</a></code> <code><a href="atc_online.html">atc_online_ddd_units()</a></code> </p>
</td>
<td><p>Get ATC Properties from WHOCC Website</p></td>
</tr>
@ -490,7 +490,7 @@
<td>
<p><code><a href="antibiotics.html">antibiotics</a></code> <code><a href="antibiotics.html">antivirals</a></code> </p>
</td>
<td><p>Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobials</p></td>
<td><p>Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobial Drugs</p></td>
</tr><tr>
<td>

2
inst/tinytest/test-atc_online.R
View File

@ -30,4 +30,6 @@ if (AMR:::pkg_is_available("curl", also_load = FALSE) &&
expect_true(length(atc_online_groups(ab_atc("AMX"))) >= 1)
expect_equal(atc_online_ddd(ab_atc("AMX"), administration = "O"), 1.5)
expect_equal(atc_online_ddd(ab_atc("AMX"), administration = "P"), 3)
expect_equal(atc_online_ddd_units("AMX", administration = "P"), "g")
}

8
man/antibiotic_class_selectors.Rd
View File

@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ trimethoprims(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, ...)
ureidopenicillins(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, ...)
}
\arguments{
\item{ab_class}{an antimicrobial class, such as \code{"carbapenems"}. The columns \code{group}, \code{atc_group1} and \code{atc_group2} of the \link{antibiotics} data set will be searched (case-insensitive) for this value.}
\item{ab_class}{an antimicrobial class or a part of it, such as \code{"carba"} and \code{"carbapenems"}. The columns \code{group}, \code{atc_group1} and \code{atc_group2} of the \link{antibiotics} data set will be searched (case-insensitive) for this value.}
\item{only_rsi_columns}{a \link{logical} to indicate whether only columns of class \verb{<rsi>} must be selected (defaults to \code{FALSE}), see \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}}
@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ These functions can be used in data set calls for selecting columns and filterin
All columns in the data in which these functions are called will be searched for known antibiotic names, abbreviations, brand names, and codes (ATC, EARS-Net, WHO, etc.) according to the \link{antibiotics} data set. This means that a selector such as \code{\link[=aminoglycosides]{aminoglycosides()}} will pick up column names like 'gen', 'genta', 'J01GB03', 'tobra', 'Tobracin', etc.
The \code{\link[=ab_class]{ab_class()}} function can be used to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class. It searches for results in the \link{antibiotics} data set within the columns \code{name}, \code{atc_group1} and \code{atc_group2}.
The \code{\link[=ab_class]{ab_class()}} function can be used to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class. It searches for results in the \link{antibiotics} data set within the columns \code{group}, \code{atc_group1} and \code{atc_group2}.
The \code{\link[=ab_selector]{ab_selector()}} function can be used to internally filter the \link{antibiotics} data set on any results, see \emph{Examples}. It allows for filtering on a (part of) a certain name, and/or a group name or even a minimum of DDDs for oral treatment. This function yields the highest flexibility, but is also the least user-friendly, since it requires a hard-coded filter to set.
@ -204,6 +204,10 @@ example_isolates[any(carbapenems() == "R"), penicillins()]
# and erythromycin is not a penicillin:
example_isolates[, penicillins() & administrable_per_os()]
# ab_selector() applies a filter in the `antibiotics` data set and is thus very
# flexible. For instance, to select antibiotic columns with an oral DDD of at
# least 1 gram:
example_isolates[, ab_selector(oral_ddd > 1 & oral_units == "g")]
# dplyr -------------------------------------------------------------------
\donttest{

8
man/antibiotics.Rd
View File

@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
\name{antibiotics}
\alias{antibiotics}
\alias{antivirals}
\title{Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobials}
\title{Data Sets with 558 Antimicrobial Drugs}
\format{
\subsection{For the \link{antibiotics} data set: a \link{data.frame} with 456 observations and 14 variables:}{
\itemize{
@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
\item \code{atc_group2}\cr Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{"Macrolides"}
\item \code{abbr}\cr List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)
\item \code{synonyms}\cr Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID
\item \code{oral_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment
\item \code{oral_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for 170 drugs
\item \code{oral_units}\cr Units of \code{oral_ddd}
\item \code{iv_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment
\item \code{iv_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for 145 drugs
\item \code{iv_units}\cr Units of \code{iv_ddd}
\item \code{loinc}\cr All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use \code{\link[=ab_loinc]{ab_loinc()}} to retrieve them quickly, see \code{\link[=ab_property]{ab_property()}}.
}
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use \code{
\details{
Properties that are based on an ATC code are only available when an ATC is available. These properties are: \code{atc_group1}, \code{atc_group2}, \code{oral_ddd}, \code{oral_units}, \code{iv_ddd} and \code{iv_units}.
Synonyms (i.e. trade names) are derived from the Compound ID (\code{cid}) and consequently only available where a CID is available.
Synonyms (i.e. trade names) were derived from the Compound ID (\code{cid}) and consequently only available where a CID is available.
\subsection{Direct download}{
These data sets are available as 'flat files' for use even without \R - you can find the files here:

8
man/atc_online.Rd
View File

@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
\alias{atc_online_property}
\alias{atc_online_groups}
\alias{atc_online_ddd}
\alias{atc_online_ddd_units}
\title{Get ATC Properties from WHOCC Website}
\source{
\url{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_alterations__cumulative/ddd_alterations/abbrevations/}
@ -20,9 +21,11 @@ atc_online_property(
atc_online_groups(atc_code, ...)
atc_online_ddd(atc_code, ...)
atc_online_ddd_units(atc_code, ...)
}
\arguments{
\item{atc_code}{a \link{character} or \link{character} vector with ATC code(s) of antibiotic(s)}
\item{atc_code}{a \link{character} (vector) with ATC code(s) of antibiotics, will be coerced with \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}} and \code{\link[=ab_atc]{ab_atc()}} internally if not a valid ATC code}
\item{property}{property of an ATC code. Valid values are \code{"ATC"}, \code{"Name"}, \code{"DDD"}, \code{"U"} (\code{"unit"}), \code{"Adm.R"}, \code{"Note"} and \code{groups}. For this last option, all hierarchical groups of an ATC code will be returned, see \emph{Examples}.}
@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ atc_online_ddd(atc_code, ...)
\item{...}{arguments to pass on to \code{atc_property}}
}
\description{
Gets data from the WHO to determine properties of an ATC (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit.
Gets data from the WHOCC website to determine properties of an Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) (e.g. an antibiotic), such as the name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit.
}
\details{
Options for argument \code{administration}:
@ -84,6 +87,7 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.github.io/AMR/} you can find \href{https:/
if (requireNamespace("curl") && requireNamespace("rvest") && requireNamespace("xml2")) {
# oral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin
atc_online_property("J01CA04", "DDD", "O")
atc_online_ddd(ab_atc("amox"))
# parenteral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin
atc_online_property("J01CA04", "DDD", "P")