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(v1.3.0.9035) mdro() for EUCAST 3.2, examples cleanup

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dr. M.S. (Matthijs) Berends
2020-09-29 23:35:46 +02:00
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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9026</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9035</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -369,15 +369,16 @@
<p><strong>WHY THIS IS SO IMPORTANT</strong> <br />
To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you should only include the first isolate of every patient per episode <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17304462'>(ref)</a>. If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following week. The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all <em>S. aureus</em> isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would be <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias'>selection bias</a>.</p>
<p>All isolates with a microbial ID of <code>NA</code> will be excluded as first isolate.</p>
<p>The functions <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> and <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> are helper functions to quickly filter on first isolates. The function <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> is essentially equal to one of:</p><pre> <span class='kw'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span>(<span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>.</span>, <span class='kw'>...</span>))
<p>The functions <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> and <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> are helper functions to quickly filter on first isolates. The function <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> is essentially equal to either:</p><pre> <span class='kw'>x</span>[<span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>, <span class='kw'>...</span>), ]
<span class='kw'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span>(<span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>, <span class='kw'>...</span>))
</pre>
<p>The function <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> is essentially equal to:</p><pre> <span class='kw'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span>(keyab = <span class='fu'><a href='key_antibiotics.html'>key_antibiotics</a></span>(<span class='kw'>.</span>)) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span>(only_weighted_firsts = <span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>,
col_keyantibiotics = <span class='st'>"keyab"</span>, <span class='kw'>...</span>)) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span>(<span class='kw'>only_weighted_firsts</span> <span class='op'>==</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html'>select</a></span>(<span class='op'>-</span><span class='kw'>only_weighted_firsts</span>, <span class='op'>-</span><span class='kw'>keyab</span>)
<p>The function <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> is essentially equal to:</p><pre> <span class='kw'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span>(keyab = <span class='fu'><a href='key_antibiotics.html'>key_antibiotics</a></span>(<span class='kw'>.</span>)) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span>(only_weighted_firsts = <span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>,
col_keyantibiotics = <span class='st'>"keyab"</span>, <span class='kw'>...</span>)) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span>(<span class='kw'>only_weighted_firsts</span> <span class='op'>==</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html'>select</a></span>(<span class='op'>-</span><span class='kw'>only_weighted_firsts</span>, <span class='op'>-</span><span class='kw'>keyab</span>)
</pre>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="key-antibiotics"><a class="anchor" href="#key-antibiotics"></a>Key antibiotics</h2>
@ -411,50 +412,41 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># `example_isolates` is a dataset available in the AMR package.</span>
<span class='co'># See ?example_isolates.</span>
<span class='co'>if</span> (<span class='fl'>FALSE</span>) {
<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html'>library</a></span>(<span class='kw'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org'>dplyr</a></span>)
<span class='co'># Filter on first isolates:</span>
<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span>(first_isolate = <span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>.</span>)) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span>(<span class='kw'>first_isolate</span> <span class='op'>==</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>)
<span class='co'># basic filtering on first isolates</span>
<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span>[<span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span>), ]
<span class='co'># Now let's see if first isolates matter:</span>
<span class='kw'>A</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span>(<span class='kw'>hospital_id</span>) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise</a></span>(count = <span class='fu'><a href='count.html'>n_rsi</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>), <span class='co'># gentamicin availability</span>
resistance = <span class='fu'><a href='proportion.html'>resistance</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>)) <span class='co'># gentamicin resistance</span>
<span class='kw'>B</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'>filter_first_weighted_isolate</span>() <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='co'># the 1st isolate filter</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span>(<span class='kw'>hospital_id</span>) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise</a></span>(count = <span class='fu'><a href='count.html'>n_rsi</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>), <span class='co'># gentamicin availability</span>
resistance = <span class='fu'><a href='proportion.html'>resistance</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>)) <span class='co'># gentamicin resistance</span>
<span class='co'># Have a look at A and B.</span>
<span class='co'># B is more reliable because every isolate is counted only once.</span>
<span class='co'># Gentamicin resistance in hospital D appears to be 3.7% higher than</span>
<span class='co'># when you (erroneously) would have used all isolates for analysis.</span>
<span class='co'>## OTHER EXAMPLES:</span>
<span class='co'># Short-hand versions:</span>
<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'>filter_first_isolate</span>()
<span class='co'># \donttest{</span>
<span class='co'>if</span> (<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html'>require</a></span>(<span class='st'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org'>"dplyr"</a></span>)) {
<span class='co'># Filter on first isolates:</span>
<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span>(first_isolate = <span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>.</span>)) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span>(<span class='kw'>first_isolate</span> <span class='op'>==</span> <span class='fl'>TRUE</span>)
<span class='co'># Short-hand versions:</span>
<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'>filter_first_isolate</span>()
<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'>filter_first_weighted_isolate</span>()
<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'>filter_first_weighted_isolate</span>()
<span class='co'># set key antibiotics to a new variable</span>
<span class='kw'>x</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='kw'>keyab</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='fu'><a href='key_antibiotics.html'>key_antibiotics</a></span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>)
<span class='kw'>x</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='kw'>first_isolate</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>)
<span class='kw'>x</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='kw'>first_isolate_weighed</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>, col_keyantibiotics = <span class='st'>'keyab'</span>)
<span class='kw'>x</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='kw'>first_blood_isolate</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>, specimen_group = <span class='st'>"Blood"</span>)
<span class='co'># Now let's see if first isolates matter:</span>
<span class='kw'>A</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span>(<span class='kw'>hospital_id</span>) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise</a></span>(count = <span class='fu'><a href='count.html'>n_rsi</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>), <span class='co'># gentamicin availability</span>
resistance = <span class='fu'><a href='proportion.html'>resistance</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>)) <span class='co'># gentamicin resistance</span>
<span class='kw'>B</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='kw'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'>filter_first_weighted_isolate</span>() <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='co'># the 1st isolate filter</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span>(<span class='kw'>hospital_id</span>) <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise</a></span>(count = <span class='fu'><a href='count.html'>n_rsi</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>), <span class='co'># gentamicin availability</span>
resistance = <span class='fu'><a href='proportion.html'>resistance</a></span>(<span class='kw'>GEN</span>)) <span class='co'># gentamicin resistance</span>
<span class='co'># Have a look at A and B.</span>
<span class='co'># B is more reliable because every isolate is counted only once.</span>
<span class='co'># Gentamicin resistance in hospital D appears to be 3.7% higher than</span>
<span class='co'># when you (erroneously) would have used all isolates for analysis.</span>
}
<span class='co'># }</span>
</pre>
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