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(v1.7.1.9064) eucast 3.3 for mdro(), major change to repeated calling

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
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<h1 data-toc-skip>How to import data from SPSS / SAS / Stata</h1>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Dr. Matthijs Berends</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">06 December 2021</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">11 December 2021</h4>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/vignettes/SPSS.Rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/SPSS.Rmd</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>SPSS.Rmd</code></div>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>Data sets for download / own use</h1>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">09 December 2021</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">11 December 2021</h4>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/vignettes/datasets.Rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/datasets.Rmd</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>datasets.Rmd</code></div>
@ -788,22 +788,22 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="intrinsic-bacterial-resistance">Intrinsic bacterial resistance<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#intrinsic-bacterial-resistance"></a>
</h2>
<p>A data set with 93,892 rows and 2 columns, containing the following column names:<br><em>microorganism</em> and <em>antibiotic</em>.</p>
<p>A data set with 134,956 rows and 2 columns, containing the following column names:<br><em>microorganism</em> and <em>antibiotic</em>.</p>
<p>This data set is in R available as <code>intrinsic_resistant</code>, after you load the <code>AMR</code> package.</p>
<p>It was last updated on 6 October 2021 14:38:29 UTC. Find more info about the structure of this data set <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/intrinsic_resistant.html">here</a>.</p>
<p>It was last updated on 11 December 2021 11:49:52 UTC. Find more info about the structure of this data set <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/intrinsic_resistant.html">here</a>.</p>
<p><strong>Direct download links:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.rds" class="external-link">R file</a> (69 kB)<br>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.rds" class="external-link">R file</a> (78 kB)<br>
</li>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.xlsx" class="external-link">Excel file</a> (0.9 MB)<br>
</li>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.txt" class="external-link">plain text file</a> (3.5 MB)<br>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.txt" class="external-link">plain text file</a> (5.1 MB)<br>
</li>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.sas" class="external-link">SAS file</a> (7.1 MB)<br>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.sas" class="external-link">SAS file</a> (10.4 MB)<br>
</li>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.sav" class="external-link">SPSS file</a> (5.1 MB)<br>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.sav" class="external-link">SPSS file</a> (7.4 MB)<br>
</li>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.dta" class="external-link">Stata file</a> (7 MB)</li>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/data-raw/../data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.dta" class="external-link">Stata file</a> (10.2 MB)</li>
</ul>
<div class="section level3">
<h3 id="source-4">Source<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#source-4"></a>
@ -822,6 +822,14 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Acetylmidecamycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Acetylspiramycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Amoxicillin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
@ -846,6 +854,14 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Benzylpenicillin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Cadazolid</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Cefadroxil</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
@ -898,8 +914,16 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Gamithromycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Josamycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Kitasamycin (Leucomycin)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Lincomycin</td>
@ -910,12 +934,20 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Midecamycin</td>
<td align="center">Meleumycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Midecamycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Miocamycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Nafithromycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Norvancomycin</td>
@ -930,11 +962,11 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Benzylpenicillin</td>
<td align="center">Pirlimycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Pirlimycin</td>
<td align="center">Primycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
@ -962,19 +994,19 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Spiramycin</td>
<td align="center">Solithromycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Tedizolid</td>
<td align="center">Spiramycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Teicoplanin</td>
<td align="center">Tedizolid</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Teicoplanin-macromethod</td>
<td align="center">Teicoplanin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
@ -990,10 +1022,30 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Tildipirosin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Tilmicosin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Troleandomycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Tulathromycin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Tylosin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Tylvalosin</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Enterobacter cloacae</td>
<td align="center">Vancomycin</td>
</tr>
</tbody>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
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<li>Principal component analysis for AMR</li>
</ul>
<p>All reference data sets (about microorganisms, antibiotics, R/SI interpretation, EUCAST rules, etc.) in this <code>AMR</code> package are publicly and freely available. We continually export our data sets to formats for use in R, SPSS, SAS, Stata and Excel. We also supply flat files that are machine-readable and suitable for input in any software program, such as laboratory information systems. Please find <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/datasets.html">all download links on our website</a>, which is automatically updated with every code change.</p>
<p>This R package was created for both routine data analysis and academic research at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the <a href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link">University of Groningen</a>, in collaboration with non-profit organisations <a href="https://www.certe.nl" class="external-link">Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice Foundation</a> and <a href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a>. This R package formed the basis of two PhD theses (<a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.177417131" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.177417131</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.192486375" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.177417131</a>) but is actively and durably maintained (see <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/news/index.html">changelog)</a>) by two public healthcare organisations in the Netherlands.</p>
<p>This R package was created for both routine data analysis and academic research at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the <a href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link">University of Groningen</a>, in collaboration with non-profit organisations <a href="https://www.certe.nl" class="external-link">Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice Foundation</a> and <a href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a>. This R package formed the basis of two PhD theses (<a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.177417131" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.177417131</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.192486375" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.192486375</a>) but is actively and durably maintained (see <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/news/index.html">changelog)</a>) by two public healthcare organisations in the Netherlands.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -195,14 +195,14 @@
<code>AMR</code> (for R) <img src="./logo.png" align="right" height="120px"><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#amr-for-r-"></a>
</h1></div>
<blockquote>
<p>Update: The latest <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">EUCAST guideline for intrinsic resistance</a> (v3.3, October 2021) is now supported, and our taxonomy tables has been updated as well (LPSN, 5 October 2021). <strong>A new version will be released after the <a href="https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/" class="external-link">EUCAST guideline for clinical breakpoints</a> (v12.0, likely January 2022) are implemented, to be expected shortly after the official guideline release.</strong></p>
<p>Update: The latest <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">EUCAST guideline for intrinsic resistance</a> (v3.3, October 2021) is now supported, and our taxonomy tables have been updated as well (LPSN, 5 October 2021). <strong>A new version will be released after the <a href="https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/" class="external-link">EUCAST guideline for clinical breakpoints</a> (v12.0, likely January 2022) are implemented, to be expected shortly after the official guideline release.</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<div class="section level3">
<h3 id="what-is-amr-for-r">What is <code>AMR</code> (for R)?<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#what-is-amr-for-r"></a>
</h3>
<p><code>AMR</code> is a free, open-source and independent <a href="https://www.r-project.org" class="external-link">R package</a> (see <a href="#copyright">Copyright</a>) to simplify the analysis and prediction of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and to work with microbial and antimicrobial data and properties, by using evidence-based methods. <strong>Our aim is to provide a standard</strong> for clean and reproducible AMR data analysis, that can therefore empower epidemiological analyses to continuously enable surveillance and treatment evaluation in any setting.</p>
<p>After installing this package, R knows <a href="./reference/microorganisms.html"><strong>~71,000 distinct microbial species</strong></a> and all <a href="./reference/antibiotics.html"><strong>~560 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs</strong></a> by name and code (including ATC, EARS-Net, PubChem, LOINC and SNOMED CT), and knows all about valid R/SI and MIC values. It supports any data format, including WHONET/EARS-Net data. Antimicrobial names and group names are available in Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish.</p>
<p>This package is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_hell" class="external-link">fully independent of any other R package</a> and works on Windows, macOS and Linux with all versions of R since R-3.0 (April 2013). <strong>It was designed to work in any setting, including those with very limited resources</strong>. It was created for both routine data analysis and academic research at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the <a href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link">University of Groningen</a>, in collaboration with non-profit organisations <a href="https://www.certe.nl" class="external-link">Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice Foundation</a> and <a href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a>. This R package formed the basis of two PhD theses (<a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.177417131" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.177417131</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.192486375" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.177417131</a>) but is <a href="./news">actively and durably maintained</a> by two public healthcare organisations in the Netherlands.</p>
<p>This package is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_hell" class="external-link">fully independent of any other R package</a> and works on Windows, macOS and Linux with all versions of R since R-3.0 (April 2013). <strong>It was designed to work in any setting, including those with very limited resources</strong>. It was created for both routine data analysis and academic research at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the <a href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link">University of Groningen</a>, in collaboration with non-profit organisations <a href="https://www.certe.nl" class="external-link">Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice Foundation</a> and <a href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a>. This R package formed the basis of two PhD theses (<a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.177417131" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.177417131</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.192486375" class="external-link">DOI 10.33612/diss.192486375</a>) but is <a href="./news">actively and durably maintained</a> by two public healthcare organisations in the Netherlands.</p>
<div class="main-content" style="display: inline-block;">
<p>
<a href="./countries_large.png" target="_blank"><img src="./countries.png" class="countries_map"></a> <strong>Used in 175 countries</strong><br> Since its first public release in early 2018, this R package has been used in almost all countries in the world. Click the map to enlarge and to see the country names.

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -157,20 +157,20 @@
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.7.1.9063" id="amr-1719063">
<code>AMR</code> 1.7.1.9063<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#amr-1719063"></a></h2>
<h2 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.7.1.9064" id="amr-1719064">
<code>AMR</code> 1.7.1.9064<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#amr-1719064"></a></h2>
<div class="section level3">
<h3 id="last-updated-december-1-7-1-9063"><small>Last updated: 9 December 2021</small><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#last-updated-december-1-7-1-9063"></a></h3>
<h3 id="last-updated-december-1-7-1-9064"><small>Last updated: 11 December 2021</small><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#last-updated-december-1-7-1-9064"></a></h3>
<div class="section level4">
<h4 id="breaking-changes-1-7-1-9063">Breaking changes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#breaking-changes-1-7-1-9063"></a></h4>
<h4 id="breaking-changes-1-7-1-9064">Breaking changes<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#breaking-changes-1-7-1-9064"></a></h4>
<ul><li>Removed <code>p_symbol()</code> and all <code>filter_*()</code> functions (except for <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code>), which were all deprecated in a previous package version</li>
<li>Removed the <code>key_antibiotics()</code> and <code>key_antibiotics_equal()</code> functions, which were deprecated and superseded by <code><a href="../reference/key_antimicrobials.html">key_antimicrobials()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/key_antimicrobials.html">antimicrobials_equal()</a></code>
</li>
<li>Removed all previously implemented <code><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot2::ggplot()</a></code> generics for classes <code>&lt;mic&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;disk&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;rsi&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;resistance_predict&gt;</code> as they did not follow the <code>ggplot2</code> logic. They were replaced with <code><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/autoplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot2::autoplot()</a></code> generics.</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level4">
<h4 id="new-1-7-1-9063">New<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#new-1-7-1-9063"></a></h4>
<ul><li><p>Support for EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes v3.3 (October 2021), effective in the <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> function. This is now the default guideline (all other guidelines are still available).</p></li>
<h4 id="new-1-7-1-9064">New<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#new-1-7-1-9064"></a></h4>
<ul><li><p>Support for EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes v3.3 (October 2021). This is now the default EUCAST guideline in the package (all older guidelines are still available) for <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code>, <code>mo_intrinsic_resistant()</code> and <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro()</a></code>. The <code>intrinsic_resistant</code> data set was also updated accordingly.</p></li>
<li><p>Support for Danish, and also added missing translations of all antimicrobial drugs in Italian, French and Portuguese</p></li>
<li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">set_ab_names()</a></code> to rename data set columns that resemble antimicrobial drugs. This allows for quickly renaming columns to official names, ATC codes, etc. Its second argument can be a tidyverse way of selecting:</p>
@ -180,9 +180,10 @@
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">set_ab_names</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AMC</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="va">GEN</span>, property <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"atc"</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>Function <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_lpsn()</a></code> to retrieve the <a href="https://lpsn.dsmz.de" class="external-link">LPSN</a> record ID</p></li>
<li><p>Function <code><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_ddd_units()</a></code> to get units of DDDs (daily defined doses), deprecating the use of <code>ab_ddd(..., units = TRUE)</code> to be more consistent in data types of function output</p></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level4">
<h4 id="changed-1-7-1-9063">Changed<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#changed-1-7-1-9063"></a></h4>
<h4 id="changed-1-7-1-9064">Changed<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#changed-1-7-1-9064"></a></h4>
<ul><li>Updated the bacterial taxonomy to 5 October 2021 (according to <a href="https://lpsn.dsmz.de" class="external-link">LPSN</a>), including all 11 new staphylococcal species named since 1 January last year</li>
<li>The <code>antibiotics</code> data set now contains <strong>all ATC codes</strong> that are available through the <a href="https://www.whocc.no" class="external-link">WHOCC website</a>, regardless of drugs being present in more than one ATC group. This means that:
<ul><li>Some drugs now contain multiple ATC codes (e.g., metronidazole contains 5)</li>
@ -212,9 +213,10 @@
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">ab_selector</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">oral_ddd</span> <span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="fl">1</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="va">oral_units</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"g"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># dplyr</span></code></pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>Added the selector <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">not_intrinsic_resistant()</a></code>, which only keeps antibiotic columns that are not intrinsic resistant for all microorganisms in a data set, based on the latest EUCAST guideline on intrinsic resistance. For example, if a data set contains only microorganism codes or names of <em>E. coli</em> and <em>K. pneumoniae</em> and contains a column “vancomycin”, this column will be removed (or rather, unselected) using this function.</p></li>
<li><p>Added argument <code>only_treatable</code>, which defaults to <code>TRUE</code> and will exclude drugs that are only for laboratory tests and not for treating patients (such as imipenem/EDTA and gentamicin-high)</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for using selectors multiple times in one call (e.g., using them in <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">dplyr::filter()</a></code> and immediately after in <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">dplyr::select()</a></code>)</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for using having multiple columns that are coerced to the same antibiotic agent</p></li>
<li><p>Added argument <code>only_treatable</code>, which defaults to <code>TRUE</code> and will exclude drugs that are only for laboratory tests and not for treating patients (such as imipenem/EDTA and gentamicin-high)</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed for using <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/all.html" class="external-link">all()</a></code> or <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/any.html" class="external-link">any()</a></code> on antibiotic selectors in an R Markdown file</p></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Fixed the Gram stain (<code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain()</a></code>) determination of the taxonomic class Negativicutes within the phylum of Firmicutes - they were considered Gram-positives because of their phylum but are actually Gram-negative. This impacts 137 taxonomic species, genera and families, such as <em>Negativicoccus</em> and <em>Veillonella</em>.</li>
<li>Dramatic speed improvement for <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code>
@ -250,7 +252,7 @@
<code><a href="../reference/get_episode.html">get_episode()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/get_episode.html">is_new_episode()</a></code> can now cope with <code>NA</code>s</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level4">
<h4 id="other-1-7-1-9063">Other<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-1-7-1-9063"></a></h4>
<h4 id="other-1-7-1-9064">Other<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other-1-7-1-9064"></a></h4>
<ul><li>This package is now being maintained by two epidemiologists and a data scientist from two different non-profit healthcare organisations. All functions in this package are now all considered to be stable. Updates to the AMR interpretation rules (such as by EUCAST and CLSI), the microbial taxonomy, and the antibiotic dosages will all be updated every 6 to 12 months from now on.</li>
</ul></div>
</div>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
<dt>tolower</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether the first <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> of every output should be transformed to a lower case <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a>. This will lead to e.g. "polymyxin B" and not "polymyxin b".</p></dd>
<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>in case of <code>set_ab_names()</code> and <code>data</code> is a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a>: variables to select (supports tidy selection like <code>AMX:VAN</code>), otherwise other arguments passed on to <code><a href="as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code></p></dd>
<dd><p>in case of <code>set_ab_names()</code> and <code>data</code> is a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a>: variables to select (supports tidy selection such as <code>column1:column4</code>), otherwise other arguments passed on to <code><a href="as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code></p></dd>
<dt>only_first</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether only the first ATC code must be returned, with giving preference to J0-codes (i.e., the antimicrobial drug group)</p></dd>
<dt>administration</dt>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
<dl><dt>x</dt>
<dd><p>vector of values (for class <code><a href="as.mic.html">mic</a></code>: MIC values in mg/L, for class <code><a href="as.disk.html">disk</a></code>: a disk diffusion radius in millimetres)</p></dd>
<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>for using on a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a>: names of columns to apply <code>as.rsi()</code> on (supports tidy selection like <code>AMX:VAN</code>). Otherwise: arguments passed on to methods.</p></dd>
<dd><p>for using on a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a>: names of columns to apply <code>as.rsi()</code> on (supports tidy selection such as <code>column1:column4</code>). Otherwise: arguments passed on to methods.</p></dd>
<dt>threshold</dt>
<dd><p>maximum fraction of invalid antimicrobial interpretations of <code>x</code>, see <em>Examples</em></p></dd>
<dt>mo</dt>
@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
<dt>conserve_capped_values</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate that MIC values starting with <code>"&gt;"</code> (but not <code>"&gt;="</code>) must always return "R" , and that MIC values starting with <code>"&lt;"</code> (but not <code>"&lt;="</code>) must always return "S"</p></dd>
<dt>add_intrinsic_resistance</dt>
<dd><p><em>(only useful when using a EUCAST guideline)</em> a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether intrinsic antibiotic resistance must also be considered for applicable bug-drug combinations, meaning that e.g. ampicillin will always return "R" in <em>Klebsiella</em> species. Determination is based on the <a href="intrinsic_resistant.html">intrinsic_resistant</a> data set, that itself is based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.2</a> (2020).</p></dd>
<dd><p><em>(only useful when using a EUCAST guideline)</em> a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether intrinsic antibiotic resistance must also be considered for applicable bug-drug combinations, meaning that e.g. ampicillin will always return "R" in <em>Klebsiella</em> species. Determination is based on the <a href="intrinsic_resistant.html">intrinsic_resistant</a> data set, that itself is based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3</a> (2021).</p></dd>
<dt>reference_data</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> to be used for interpretation, which defaults to the <a href="rsi_translation.html">rsi_translation</a> data set. Changing this argument allows for using own interpretation guidelines. This argument must contain a data set that is equal in structure to the <a href="rsi_translation.html">rsi_translation</a> data set (same column names and column types). Please note that the <code>guideline</code> argument will be ignored when <code>reference_data</code> is manually set.</p></dd>
<dt>col_mo</dt>

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@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -165,13 +165,13 @@
<div id="format">
<h2>Format</h2>
<p>A <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with 93,892 observations and 2 variables:</p><ul><li><p><code>microorganism</code><br> Name of the microorganism</p></li>
<li><p><code>antibiotic</code><br> Name of the antibiotic drug</p></li>
<p>A <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with 134,956 observations and 2 variables:</p><ul><li><p><code>microorganism</code><br> Official taxonomic name of the microorganism, according to the LPSN</p></li>
<li><p><code>antibiotic</code><br> Official name of the antibiotic drug, according to the WHOCC</p></li>
</ul></div>
<div id="details">
<h2>Details</h2>
<p>The repository of this <code>AMR</code> package contains a file comprising this exact data set: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/main/data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.txt" class="external-link">https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/main/data-raw/intrinsic_resistant.txt</a>. This file <strong>allows for machine reading EUCAST guidelines about intrinsic resistance</strong>, which is almost impossible with the Excel and PDF files distributed by EUCAST. The file is updated automatically.</p>
<p>This data set is based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.2</a> (2020).</p>
<p>This data set is based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3</a> (2021).</p>
</div>
<div id="reference-data-publicly-available">
<h2>Reference Data Publicly Available</h2>
@ -188,12 +188,16 @@
<div id="ref-examples">
<h2>Examples</h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="co"># \donttest{</span>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/subset.html" class="external-link">subset</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">intrinsic_resistant</span>,
<span class="va">antibiotic</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Vancomycin"</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="va">microorganism</span> <span class="op"><a href="like.html">%like%</a></span> <span class="st">"Enterococcus"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">microorganism</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] "Enterococcus casseliflavus" "Enterococcus gallinarum"</span>
<span class="co"># \donttest{</span>
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span>
<span class="va">intrinsic_resistant</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">antibiotic</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Vancomycin"</span>, <span class="va">microorganism</span> <span class="op"><a href="like.html">%like%</a></span> <span class="st">"Enterococcus"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">antibiotic</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Vancomycin"</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="va">microorganism</span> <span class="op"><a href="like.html">%like%</a></span> <span class="st">"Enterococcus"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/pull.html" class="external-link">pull</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">microorganism</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Enterococcus casseliflavus" "Enterococcus gallinarum"</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] "Enterococcus casseliflavus" "Enterococcus gallinarum"</span>
<span class="op">}</span>
<span class="co"># }</span>
</code></pre></div>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ The <a href="lifecycle.html">lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<span class="co"># get isolates whose name start with 'Ent' or 'ent'</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/which.html" class="external-link">which</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="mo_property.html">mo_name</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%like%</span> <span class="st">"^ent"</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span>
<span class="co"># \donttest{</span>
<span class="co"># faster way, only works in R 3.2 and later:</span>
<span class="co"># faster way, since mo_name() is context-aware:</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/which.html" class="external-link">which</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="mo_property.html">mo_name</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%like%</span> <span class="st">"^ent"</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span>
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9062</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -236,7 +236,9 @@ Ordered <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/factor.html" class="external-link">facto
<p>Currently supported guidelines are (case-insensitive):</p><ul><li><p><code>guideline = "CMI2012"</code> (default)</p>
<p>Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A <em>et al.</em> "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) (<a href="https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext" class="external-link">link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.2"</code> (or simply <code>guideline = "EUCAST"</code>)</p>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.3"</code> (or simply <code>guideline = "EUCAST"</code>)</p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.3 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" (<a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2021/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.3_20211018.pdf" class="external-link">link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.2"</code></p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" (<a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf" class="external-link">link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.1"</code></p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (<a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf" class="external-link">link</a>)</p></li>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>
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<p>Since the top-level of the taxonomy is sometimes referred to as 'kingdom' and sometimes as 'domain', the functions <code>mo_kingdom()</code> and <code>mo_domain()</code> return the exact same results.</p>
<p>The Gram stain - <code>mo_gramstain()</code> - will be determined based on the taxonomic kingdom and phylum. According to Cavalier-Smith (2002, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11837318" class="external-link">PMID 11837318</a>), who defined subkingdoms Negibacteria and Posibacteria, only these phyla are Posibacteria: Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Tenericutes. These bacteria are considered Gram-positive, except for members of the class Negativicutes which are Gram-negative. Members of other bacterial phyla are all considered Gram-negative. Species outside the kingdom of Bacteria will return a value <code>NA</code>. Functions <code>mo_is_gram_negative()</code> and <code>mo_is_gram_positive()</code> always return <code>TRUE</code> or <code>FALSE</code> (except when the input is <code>NA</code> or the MO code is <code>UNKNOWN</code>), thus always return <code>FALSE</code> for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria.</p>
<p>Determination of yeasts - <code>mo_is_yeast()</code> - will be based on the taxonomic kingdom and class. <em>Budding yeasts</em> are fungi of the phylum Ascomycetes, class Saccharomycetes (also called Hemiascomycetes). <em>True yeasts</em> are aggregated into the underlying order Saccharomycetales. Thus, for all microorganisms that are fungi and member of the taxonomic class Saccharomycetes, the function will return <code>TRUE</code>. It returns <code>FALSE</code> otherwise (except when the input is <code>NA</code> or the MO code is <code>UNKNOWN</code>).</p>
<p>Intrinsic resistance - <code>mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</code> - will be determined based on the <a href="intrinsic_resistant.html">intrinsic_resistant</a> data set, which is based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.2</a> (2020). The <code>mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</code> functions can be vectorised over arguments <code>x</code> (input for microorganisms) and over <code>ab</code> (input for antibiotics).</p>
<p>Intrinsic resistance - <code>mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</code> - will be determined based on the <a href="intrinsic_resistant.html">intrinsic_resistant</a> data set, which is based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/" class="external-link">'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3</a> (2021). The <code>mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</code> functions can be vectorised over arguments <code>x</code> (input for microorganisms) and over <code>ab</code> (input for antibiotics).</p>
<p>All output <a href="translate.html">will be translated</a> where possible.</p>
<p>The function <code>mo_url()</code> will return the direct URL to the online database entry, which also shows the scientific reference of the concerned species.</p>
<p>SNOMED codes - <code>mo_snomed()</code> - are from the US Edition of SNOMED CT from 1 September 2020. See <em>Source</em> and the <a href="microorganisms.html">microorganisms</a> data set for more info.</p>

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9063</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.7.1.9064</span>
</span>
</div>