P281424/AMR
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/msberends/AMR.git synced 2025-07-09 09:31:58 +02:00
Code Releases Activity

(v0.8.0.9036) complete documentation rewrite

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
dr. M.S. (Matthijs) Berends
2019-11-28 22:32:17 +01:00
parent 7c28b392b1
commit c5f00f4a9f
138 changed files with 2797 additions and 2484 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

3
man/AMR-deprecated.Rd
View File

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
\alias{portion_I}
\alias{portion_SI}
\alias{portion_S}
\alias{portion_df}
\title{Deprecated functions}
\usage{
p.symbol(...)
@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ portion_I(...)
portion_SI(...)
portion_S(...)
portion_df(...)
}
\description{
These functions are so-called '\link{Deprecated}'. They will be removed in a future release. Using the functions will give a warning with the name of the function it has been replaced by (if there is one).

26
man/AMR.Rd
View File

@ -13,17 +13,17 @@ We created this package for both academic research and routine analysis at the F
This package can be used for:
\itemize{
\item{Reference for the taxonomy of microorganisms, since the package contains all microbial (sub)species from the Catalogue of Life}
\item{Interpreting raw MIC and disk diffusion values, based on the latest CLSI or EUCAST guidelines}
\item{Determining first isolates to be used for AMR analysis}
\item{Calculating antimicrobial resistance}
\item{Determining multi-drug resistance (MDR) / multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO)}
\item{Calculating (empirical) susceptibility of both mono therapy and combination therapies}
\item{Predicting future antimicrobial resistance using regression models}
\item{Getting properties for any microorganism (like Gram stain, species, genus or family)}
\item{Getting properties for any antibiotic (like name, EARS-Net code, ATC code, PubChem code, defined daily dose or trade name)}
\item{Plotting antimicrobial resistance}
\item{Applying EUCAST expert rules}
\item Reference for the taxonomy of microorganisms, since the package contains all microbial (sub)species from the \href{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}{Catalogue of Life}
\item Interpreting raw MIC and disk diffusion values, based on the latest CLSI or EUCAST guidelines
\item Determining first isolates to be used for AMR analysis
\item Calculating antimicrobial resistance
\item Determining multi-drug resistance (MDR) / multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO)
\item Calculating (empirical) susceptibility of both mono therapy and combination therapies
\item Predicting future antimicrobial resistance using regression models
\item Getting properties for any microorganism (like Gram stain, species, genus or family)
\item Getting properties for any antibiotic (like name, EARS-Net code, ATC code, PubChem code, defined daily dose or trade name)
\item Plotting antimicrobial resistance
\item Applying EUCAST expert rules
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
For suggestions, comments or questions, please contact us at:
Matthijs S. Berends \cr
m.s.berends [at] umcg [dot] nl \cr
m.s.berends \link{at} umcg \link{dot} nl \cr
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen \cr
University Medical Center Groningen \cr
Post Office Box 30001 \cr
9700 RB Groningen
9700 RB Groningen \cr
The Netherlands
If you have found a bug, please file a new issue at: \cr

4
man/WHOCC.Rd
View File

@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ All antimicrobial drugs and their official names, ATC codes, ATC groups and defi
\section{WHOCC}{
\if{html}{\figure{logo_who.png}{options: height=60px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains \strong{all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs} and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, \url{https://www.whocc.no}) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (\url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}).
This package contains \strong{all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs} and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, \url{https://www.whocc.no}) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (\url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}).
These have become the gold standard for international drug utilisation monitoring and research.
The WHOCC is located in Oslo at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and funded by the Norwegian government. The European Commission is the executive of the European Union and promotes its general interest.
\strong{NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package. See \url{https://www.whocc.no/copyright_disclaimer/}.}
\strong{NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package.} See \url{https://www.whocc.no/copyright_disclaimer/.}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

56
man/WHONET.Rd
View File

@ -5,39 +5,39 @@
\alias{WHONET}
\title{Data set with 500 isolates - WHONET example}
\format{A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 500 observations and 53 variables:
\describe{
\item{\code{Identification number}}{ID of the sample}
\item{\code{Specimen number}}{ID of the specimen}
\item{\code{Organism}}{Name of the microorganism. Before analysis, you should transform this to a valid microbial class, using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
\item{\code{Country}}{Country of origin}
\item{\code{Laboratory}}{Name of laboratory}
\item{\code{Last name}}{Last name of patient}
\item{\code{First name}}{Initial of patient}
\item{\code{Sex}}{Gender of patient}
\item{\code{Age}}{Age of patient}
\item{\code{Age category}}{Age group, can also be looked up using \code{\link{age_groups}}}
\item{\code{Date of admission}}{Date of hospital admission}
\item{\code{Specimen date}}{Date when specimen was received at laboratory}
\item{\code{Specimen type}}{Specimen type or group}
\item{\code{Specimen type (Numeric)}}{Translation of \code{"Specimen type"}}
\item{\code{Reason}}{Reason of request with Differential Diagnosis}
\item{\code{Isolate number}}{ID of isolate}
\item{\code{Organism type}}{Type of microorganism, can also be looked up using \code{\link{mo_type}}}
\item{\code{Serotype}}{Serotype of microorganism}
\item{\code{Beta-lactamase}}{Microorganism produces beta-lactamase?}
\item{\code{ESBL}}{Microorganism produces extended spectrum beta-lactamase?}
\item{\code{Carbapenemase}}{Microorganism produces carbapenemase?}
\item{\code{MRSA screening test}}{Microorganism is possible MRSA?}
\item{\code{Inducible clindamycin resistance}}{Clindamycin can be induced?}
\item{\code{Comment}}{Other comments}
\item{\code{Date of data entry}}{Date this data was entered in WHONET}
\item{\code{AMP_ND10:CIP_EE}}{27 different antibiotics. You can lookup the abbreviatons in the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set, or use e.g. \code{\link{ab_name}("AMP")} to get the official name immediately. Before analysis, you should transform this to a valid antibiotic class, using \code{\link{as.rsi}}.}
\itemize{
\item \verb{Identification number}\cr ID of the sample
\item \verb{Specimen number}\cr ID of the specimen
\item \code{Organism}\cr Name of the microorganism. Before analysis, you should transform this to a valid microbial class, using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.
\item \code{Country}\cr Country of origin
\item \code{Laboratory}\cr Name of laboratory
\item \verb{Last name}\cr Last name of patient
\item \verb{First name}\cr Initial of patient
\item \code{Sex}\cr Gender of patient
\item \code{Age}\cr Age of patient
\item \verb{Age category}\cr Age group, can also be looked up using \code{\link[=age_groups]{age_groups()}}
\item \verb{Date of admission}\cr Date of hospital admission
\item \verb{Specimen date}\cr Date when specimen was received at laboratory
\item \verb{Specimen type}\cr Specimen type or group
\item \verb{Specimen type (Numeric)}\cr Translation of \code{"Specimen type"}
\item \code{Reason}\cr Reason of request with Differential Diagnosis
\item \verb{Isolate number}\cr ID of isolate
\item \verb{Organism type}\cr Type of microorganism, can also be looked up using \code{\link[=mo_type]{mo_type()}}
\item \code{Serotype}\cr Serotype of microorganism
\item \code{Beta-lactamase}\cr Microorganism produces beta-lactamase?
\item \code{ESBL}\cr Microorganism produces extended spectrum beta-lactamase?
\item \code{Carbapenemase}\cr Microorganism produces carbapenemase?
\item \verb{MRSA screening test}\cr Microorganism is possible MRSA?
\item \verb{Inducible clindamycin resistance}\cr Clindamycin can be induced?
\item \code{Comment}\cr Other comments
\item \verb{Date of data entry}\cr Date this data was entered in WHONET
\item \code{AMP_ND10:CIP_EE}\cr 27 different antibiotics. You can lookup the abbreviatons in the \link{antibiotics} data set, or use e.g. \code{\link[=ab_name]{ab_name("AMP")}} to get the official name immediately. Before analysis, you should transform this to a valid antibiotic class, using \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}.
}}
\usage{
WHONET
}
\description{
This example data set has the exact same structure as an export file from WHONET. Such files can be used with this package, as this example data set shows. The data itself was based on our \code{\link{example_isolates}} data set.
This example data set has the exact same structure as an export file from WHONET. Such files can be used with this package, as this example data set shows. The data itself was based on our \link{example_isolates} data set.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

20
man/ab_property.Rd
View File

@ -38,30 +38,30 @@ ab_info(x, language = get_locale(), ...)
ab_property(x, property = "name", language = get_locale(), ...)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with \code{\link{as.ab}}}
\item{x}{any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}}}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link[=get_locale]{get_locale()}}) and can also be set with \code{getOption("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{tolower}{logical to indicate whether the first character of every output should be transformed to a lower case character. This will lead to e.g. "polymyxin B" and not "polymyxin b".}
\item{...}{other parameters passed on to \code{\link{as.ab}}}
\item{...}{other parameters passed on to \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}}}
\item{administration}{way of administration, either \code{"oral"} or \code{"iv"}}
\item{units}{a logical to indicate whether the units instead of the DDDs itself must be returned, see Examples}
\item{property}{one of the column names of one of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set}
\item{property}{one of the column names of one of the \link{antibiotics} data set}
}
\value{
\itemize{
\item{An \code{integer} in case of \code{ab_cid}}
\item{A named \code{list} in case of \code{ab_info} and multiple \code{ab_synonyms}/\code{ab_tradenames}}
\item{A \code{double} in case of \code{ab_ddd}}
\item{A \code{character} in all other cases}
\item An \code{\link{integer}} in case of \code{\link[=ab_cid]{ab_cid()}}
\item A named \code{\link{list}} in case of \code{\link[=ab_info]{ab_info()}} and multiple \code{\link[=ab_synonyms]{ab_synonyms()}}/\code{\link[=ab_tradenames]{ab_tradenames()}}
\item A \code{\link{double}} in case of \code{\link[=ab_ddd]{ab_ddd()}}
\item A \code{\link{character}} in all other cases
}
}
\description{
Use these functions to return a specific property of an antibiotic from the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set. All input values will be evaluated internally with \code{\link{as.ab}}.
Use these functions to return a specific property of an antibiotic from the \link{antibiotics} data set. All input values will be evaluated internally with \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}}.
}
\details{
All output will be \link{translate}d where possible.
@ -112,5 +112,5 @@ ab_name(21319) # "Flucloxacillin" (using CID)
ab_name("J01CF05") # "Flucloxacillin" (using ATC)
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{antibiotics}}
\link{antibiotics}
}

8
man/age.Rd
View File

@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
age(x, reference = Sys.Date(), exact = FALSE, na.rm = FALSE)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{date(s), will be coerced with \code{\link{as.POSIXlt}}}
\item{x}{date(s), will be coerced with \code{\link[=as.POSIXlt]{as.POSIXlt()}}}
\item{reference}{reference date(s) (defaults to today), will be coerced with \code{\link{as.POSIXlt}} and cannot be lower than \code{x}}
\item{reference}{reference date(s) (defaults to today), will be coerced with \code{\link[=as.POSIXlt]{as.POSIXlt()}} and cannot be lower than \code{x}}
\item{exact}{a logical to indicate whether age calculation should be exact, i.e. with decimals. It divides the number of days of \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year-to-date}{year-to-date} (YTD) of \code{x} by the number of days in a year of \code{reference} (either 365 or 366).}
\item{exact}{a logical to indicate whether age calculation should be exact, i.e. with decimals. It divides the number of days of \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year-to-date}{year-to-date} (YTD) of \code{x} by the number of days in the year of \code{reference} (either 365 or 366).}
\item{na.rm}{a logical to indicate whether missing values should be removed}
}
@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ df$age_exact <- age(df$birth_date, exact = TRUE)
df
}
\seealso{
To split ages into groups, use the \code{\link{age_groups}} function.
To split ages into groups, use the \code{\link[=age_groups]{age_groups()}} function.
}

22
man/age_groups.Rd
View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
age_groups(x, split_at = c(12, 25, 55, 75), na.rm = FALSE)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{age, e.g. calculated with \code{\link{age}}}
\item{x}{age, e.g. calculated with \code{\link[=age]{age()}}}
\item{split_at}{values to split \code{x} at, defaults to age groups 0-11, 12-24, 25-54, 55-74 and 75+. See Details.}
@ -22,15 +22,15 @@ Split ages into age groups defined by the \code{split} parameter. This allows fo
\details{
To split ages, the input can be:
\itemize{
\item{A numeric vector. A vector of e.g. \code{c(10, 20)} will split on 0-9, 10-19 and 20+. A value of only \code{50} will split on 0-49 and 50+.
The default is to split on young children (0-11), youth (12-24), young adults (25-54), middle-aged adults (55-74) and elderly (75+).}
\item{A character:}
\itemize{
\item{\code{"children"} or \code{"kids"}, equivalent of: \code{c(0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 13, 18)}. This will split on 0, 1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-12, 13-17 and 18+.}
\item{\code{"elderly"} or \code{"seniors"}, equivalent of: \code{c(65, 75, 85)}. This will split on 0-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85+.}
\item{\code{"fives"}, equivalent of: \code{1:20 * 5}. This will split on 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, ..., 90-94, 95-99, 100+.}
\item{\code{"tens"}, equivalent of: \code{1:10 * 10}. This will split on 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, ... 80-89, 90-99, 100+.}
}
\item A numeric vector. A vector of e.g. \code{c(10, 20)} will split on 0-9, 10-19 and 20+. A value of only \code{50} will split on 0-49 and 50+.
The default is to split on young children (0-11), youth (12-24), young adults (25-54), middle-aged adults (55-74) and elderly (75+).
\item A character:
\itemize{
\item \code{"children"} or \code{"kids"}, equivalent of: \code{c(0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 13, 18)}. This will split on 0, 1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-12, 13-17 and 18+.
\item \code{"elderly"} or \code{"seniors"}, equivalent of: \code{c(65, 75, 85)}. This will split on 0-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85+.
\item \code{"fives"}, equivalent of: \code{1:20 * 5}. This will split on 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, ..., 90-94, 95-99, 100+.
\item \code{"tens"}, equivalent of: \code{1:10 * 10}. This will split on 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, ... 80-89, 90-99, 100+.
}
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -72,5 +72,5 @@ example_isolates \%>\%
}
}
\seealso{
To determine ages, based on one or more reference dates, use the \code{\link{age}} function.
To determine ages, based on one or more reference dates, use the \code{\link[=age]{age()}} function.
}

62
man/antibiotics.Rd
View File

@ -5,34 +5,36 @@
\alias{antibiotics}
\alias{antivirals}
\title{Data sets with ~550 antimicrobials}
\format{\strong{For the \code{antibiotics} data set: a \code{\link{data.frame}} with 452 observations and 13 variables:}
\describe{
\item{\code{ab}}{Antibiotic ID as used in this package (like \code{AMC}), using the official EARS-Net (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network) codes where available}
\item{\code{atc}}{ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{J01CR02}}
\item{\code{cid}}{Compound ID as found in PubChem}
\item{\code{name}}{Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO}
\item{\code{group}}{A short and concise group name, based on WHONET and WHOCC definitions}
\item{\code{atc_group1}}{Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{"Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins"}}
\item{\code{atc_group2}}{Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{"Macrolides"}}
\item{\code{abbr}}{List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)}
\item{\code{synonyms}}{Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID}
\item{\code{oral_ddd}}{Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment}
\item{\code{oral_units}}{Units of \code{oral_ddd}}
\item{\code{iv_ddd}}{Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment}
\item{\code{iv_units}}{Units of \code{iv_ddd}}
\format{\subsection{For the \link{antibiotics} data set: a \code{\link{data.frame}} with 452 observations and 13 variables:}{
\itemize{
\item \code{ab}\cr Antibiotic ID as used in this package (like \code{AMC}), using the official EARS-Net (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network) codes where available
\item \code{atc}\cr ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{J01CR02}
\item \code{cid}\cr Compound ID as found in PubChem
\item \code{name}\cr Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO
\item \code{group}\cr A short and concise group name, based on WHONET and WHOCC definitions
\item \code{atc_group1}\cr Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{"Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins"}
\item \code{atc_group2}\cr Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{"Macrolides"}
\item \code{abbr}\cr List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)
\item \code{synonyms}\cr Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID
\item \code{oral_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment
\item \code{oral_units}\cr Units of \code{oral_ddd}
\item \code{iv_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment
\item \code{iv_units}\cr Units of \code{iv_ddd}
}
}
\strong{For the \code{antivirals} data set: a \code{\link{data.frame}} with 102 observations and 9 variables:}
\describe{
\item{\code{atc}}{ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC}
\item{\code{cid}}{Compound ID as found in PubChem}
\item{\code{name}}{Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO}
\item{\code{atc_group}}{Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC}
\item{\code{synonyms}}{Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID}
\item{\code{oral_ddd}}{Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment}
\item{\code{oral_units}}{Units of \code{oral_ddd}}
\item{\code{iv_ddd}}{Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment}
\item{\code{iv_units}}{Units of \code{iv_ddd}}
\subsection{For the \link{antivirals} data set: a \code{\link{data.frame}} with 102 observations and 9 variables:}{
\itemize{
\item \code{atc}\cr ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC
\item \code{cid}\cr Compound ID as found in PubChem
\item \code{name}\cr Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO
\item \code{atc_group}\cr Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC
\item \code{synonyms}\cr Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID
\item \code{oral_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment
\item \code{oral_units}\cr Units of \code{oral_ddd}
\item \code{iv_ddd}\cr Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment
\item \code{iv_units}\cr Units of \code{iv_ddd}
}
}}
\source{
World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC): \url{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/}
@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ antibiotics
antivirals
}
\description{
Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use \code{\link{as.ab}} or one of the \code{\link{ab_property}} functions to retrieve values from the \code{antibiotics} data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (\code{ab}, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (\code{atc}) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (\code{cid}) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes.
Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}} or one of the \code{\link[=ab_property]{ab_property()}} functions to retrieve values from the \link{antibiotics} data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (\code{ab}, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (\code{atc}) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (\code{cid}) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes.
}
\details{
Properties that are based on an ATC code are only available when an ATC is available. These properties are: \code{atc_group1}, \code{atc_group2}, \code{oral_ddd}, \code{oral_units}, \code{iv_ddd} and \code{iv_units}.
@ -57,13 +59,13 @@ Synonyms (i.e. trade names) are derived from the Compound ID (\code{cid}) and co
\section{WHOCC}{
\if{html}{\figure{logo_who.png}{options: height=60px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains \strong{all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs} and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, \url{https://www.whocc.no}) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (\url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}).
This package contains \strong{all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs} and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, \url{https://www.whocc.no}) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (\url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}).
These have become the gold standard for international drug utilisation monitoring and research.
The WHOCC is located in Oslo at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and funded by the Norwegian government. The European Commission is the executive of the European Union and promotes its general interest.
\strong{NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package. See \url{https://www.whocc.no/copyright_disclaimer/}.}
\strong{NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package.} See \url{https://www.whocc.no/copyright_disclaimer/.}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -72,6 +74,6 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{microorganisms}}
\link{microorganisms}
}
\keyword{datasets}

15
man/as.ab.Rd
View File

@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
% Please edit documentation in R/ab.R
\name{as.ab}
\alias{as.ab}
\alias{ab}
\alias{is.ab}
\title{Transform to antibiotic ID}
\usage{
@ -15,15 +16,15 @@ is.ab(x)
\item{...}{arguments passed on to internal functions}
}
\value{
Character (vector) with class \code{"ab"}. Unknown values will return \code{NA}.
Character (vector) with class \code{\link{ab}}. Unknown values will return \code{NA}.
}
\description{
Use this function to determine the antibiotic code of one or more antibiotics. The data set \code{\link{antibiotics}} will be searched for abbreviations, official names and synonyms (brand names).
Use this function to determine the antibiotic code of one or more antibiotics. The data set \link{antibiotics} will be searched for abbreviations, official names and synonyms (brand names).
}
\details{
All entries in the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set have three different identifiers: a human readable EARS-Net code (column \code{ab}, used by ECDC and WHONET), an ATC code (column \code{atc}, used by WHO), and a CID code (column \code{cid}, Compound ID, used by PubChem). The data set contains more than 5,000 official brand names from many different countries, as found in PubChem.
All entries in the \link{antibiotics} data set have three different identifiers: a human readable EARS-Net code (column \code{ab}, used by ECDC and WHONET), an ATC code (column \code{atc}, used by WHO), and a CID code (column \code{cid}, Compound ID, used by PubChem). The data set contains more than 5,000 official brand names from many different countries, as found in PubChem.
Use the \code{\link{ab_property}} functions to get properties based on the returned antibiotic ID, see Examples.
Use the \code{\link[=ab_property]{ab_property()}} functions to get properties based on the returned antibiotic ID, see Examples.
}
\section{Source}{
@ -37,13 +38,13 @@ European Commission Public Health PHARMACEUTICALS - COMMUNITY REGISTER: \url{htt
\section{WHOCC}{
\if{html}{\figure{logo_who.png}{options: height=60px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains \strong{all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs} and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, \url{https://www.whocc.no}) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (\url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}).
This package contains \strong{all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs} and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, \url{https://www.whocc.no}) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (\url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}).
These have become the gold standard for international drug utilisation monitoring and research.
The WHOCC is located in Oslo at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and funded by the Norwegian government. The European Commission is the executive of the European Union and promotes its general interest.
\strong{NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package. See \url{https://www.whocc.no/copyright_disclaimer/}.}
\strong{NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package.} See \url{https://www.whocc.no/copyright_disclaimer/.}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -70,5 +71,5 @@ ab_name("J01FA01") # "Erythromycin"
ab_name("eryt") # "Erythromycin"
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{antibiotics}} for the dataframe that is being used to determine ATCs.
\link{antibiotics} for the dataframe that is being used to determine ATCs.
}

8
man/as.disk.Rd
View File

@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ is.disk(x)
\item{na.rm}{a logical indicating whether missing values should be removed}
}
\value{
Ordered integer factor with new class \code{disk}
Ordered integer factor with new class \code{\link{disk}}
}
\description{
This transforms a vector to a new class \code{disk}, which is a growth zone size (around an antibiotic disk) in millimeters between 6 and 99.
This transforms a vector to a new class \code{\link{disk}}, which is a growth zone size (around an antibiotic disk) in millimeters between 6 and 99.
}
\details{
Interpret disk values as RSI values with \code{\link{as.rsi}}. It supports guidelines from EUCAST and CLSI.
Interpret disk values as RSI values with \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}. It supports guidelines from EUCAST and CLSI.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -41,5 +41,5 @@ as.rsi(x = 12,
guideline = "CLSI")
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{as.rsi}}
\code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}
}

8
man/as.mic.Rd
View File

@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ is.mic(x)
\item{na.rm}{a logical indicating whether missing values should be removed}
}
\value{
Ordered factor with new class \code{mic}
Ordered \code{\link{factor}} with new class \code{\link{mic}}
}
\description{
This transforms a vector to a new class \code{mic}, which is an ordered factor with valid MIC values as levels. Invalid MIC values will be translated as \code{NA} with a warning.
This transforms a vector to a new class \code{\link{mic}}, which is an ordered \code{\link{factor}} with valid MIC values as levels. Invalid MIC values will be translated as \code{NA} with a warning.
}
\details{
Interpret MIC values as RSI values with \code{\link{as.rsi}}. It supports guidelines from EUCAST and CLSI.
To interpret MIC values as RSI values, use \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}} on MIC values. It supports guidelines from EUCAST and CLSI.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -51,5 +51,5 @@ barplot(mic_data)
freq(mic_data)
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{as.rsi}}
\code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}
}

118
man/as.mo.Rd
View File

@ -10,8 +10,14 @@
\alias{clear_mo_history}
\title{Transform to microorganism ID}
\usage{
as.mo(x, Becker = FALSE, Lancefield = FALSE, allow_uncertain = TRUE,
reference_df = get_mo_source(), ...)
as.mo(
x,
Becker = FALSE,
Lancefield = FALSE,
allow_uncertain = TRUE,
reference_df = get_mo_source(),
...
)
is.mo(x)
@ -24,33 +30,32 @@ mo_renamed()
clear_mo_history(...)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a character vector or a \code{data.frame} with one or two columns}
\item{x}{a character vector or a \code{\link{data.frame}} with one or two columns}
\item{Becker}{a logical to indicate whether \emph{Staphylococci} should be categorised into coagulase-negative \emph{Staphylococci} ("CoNS") and coagulase-positive \emph{Staphylococci} ("CoPS") instead of their own species, according to Karsten Becker \emph{et al.} [1,2]. Note that this does not include species that were newly named after these publications, like \emph{S. caeli}.
\item{Becker}{a logical to indicate whether \emph{Staphylococci} should be categorised into coagulase-negative \emph{Staphylococci} ("CoNS") and coagulase-positive \emph{Staphylococci} ("CoPS") instead of their own species, according to Karsten Becker \emph{et al.} (1,2). Note that this does not include species that were newly named after these publications, like \emph{S. caeli}.
This excludes \emph{Staphylococcus aureus} at default, use \code{Becker = "all"} to also categorise \emph{S. aureus} as "CoPS".}
This excludes \emph{Staphylococcus aureus} at default, use \code{Becker = "all"} to also categorise \emph{S. aureus} as "CoPS".}
\item{Lancefield}{a logical to indicate whether beta-haemolytic \emph{Streptococci} should be categorised into Lancefield groups instead of their own species, according to Rebecca C. Lancefield [3]. These \emph{Streptococci} will be categorised in their first group, e.g. \emph{Streptococcus dysgalactiae} will be group C, although officially it was also categorised into groups G and L.
\item{Lancefield}{a logical to indicate whether beta-haemolytic \emph{Streptococci} should be categorised into Lancefield groups instead of their own species, according to Rebecca C. Lancefield (3). These \emph{Streptococci} will be categorised in their first group, e.g. \emph{Streptococcus dysgalactiae} will be group C, although officially it was also categorised into groups G and L.
This excludes \emph{Enterococci} at default (who are in group D), use \code{Lancefield = "all"} to also categorise all \emph{Enterococci} as group D.}
This excludes \emph{Enterococci} at default (who are in group D), use \code{Lancefield = "all"} to also categorise all \emph{Enterococci} as group D.}
\item{allow_uncertain}{a number between 0 (or "none") and 3 (or "all"), or TRUE (= 2) or FALSE (= 0) to indicate whether the input should be checked for less probable results, see Details}
\item{allow_uncertain}{a number between \code{0} (or \code{"none"}) and \code{3} (or \code{"all"}), or \code{TRUE} (= \code{2}) or \code{FALSE} (= \code{0}) to indicate whether the input should be checked for less probable results, please see \emph{Details}}
\item{reference_df}{a \code{data.frame} to use for extra reference when translating \code{x} to a valid \code{mo}. See \code{\link{set_mo_source}} and \code{\link{get_mo_source}} to automate the usage of your own codes (e.g. used in your analysis or organisation).}
\item{reference_df}{a \code{\link{data.frame}} to use for extra reference when translating \code{x} to a valid \code{\link{mo}}. See \code{\link[=set_mo_source]{set_mo_source()}} and \code{\link[=get_mo_source]{get_mo_source()}} to automate the usage of your own codes (e.g. used in your analysis or organisation).}
\item{...}{other parameters passed on to functions}
}
\value{
Character (vector) with class \code{"mo"}
A \code{\link{character}} vector with class \code{\link{mo}}
}
\description{
Use this function to determine a valid microorganism ID (\code{mo}). Determination is done using intelligent rules and the complete taxonomic kingdoms Bacteria, Chromista, Protozoa, Archaea and most microbial species from the kingdom Fungi (see Source). The input can be almost anything: a full name (like \code{"Staphylococcus aureus"}), an abbreviated name (like \code{"S. aureus"}), an abbreviation known in the field (like \code{"MRSA"}), or just a genus. Please see Examples.
Use this function to determine a valid microorganism ID (\code{\link{mo}}). Determination is done using intelligent rules and the complete taxonomic kingdoms Bacteria, Chromista, Protozoa, Archaea and most microbial species from the kingdom Fungi (see Source). The input can be almost anything: a full name (like \code{"Staphylococcus aureus"}), an abbreviated name (like \code{"S. aureus"}), an abbreviation known in the field (like \code{"MRSA"}), or just a genus. Please see \emph{Examples}.
}
\details{
\strong{General info} \cr
A microorganism ID from this package (class: \code{mo}) typically looks like these examples:\cr
\preformatted{
Code Full name
\subsection{General info}{
A microorganism ID from this package (class: \code{\link{mo}}) typically looks like these examples:\preformatted{ Code Full name
--------------- --------------------------------------
B_KLBSL Klebsiella
B_KLBSL_PNMN Klebsiella pneumoniae
@ -66,71 +71,75 @@ A microorganism ID from this package (class: \code{mo}) typically looks like the
Values that cannot be coered will be considered 'unknown' and will get the MO code \code{UNKNOWN}.
Use the \code{\link{mo_property}_*} functions to get properties based on the returned code, see Examples.
Use the \code{\link[=mo_property]{mo_property_*}} functions to get properties based on the returned code, see Examples.
The algorithm uses data from the Catalogue of Life (see below) and from one other source (see \code{\link{microorganisms}}).
The algorithm uses data from the Catalogue of Life (see below) and from one other source (see \link{microorganisms}).
The \code{as.mo()} function uses several coercion rules for fast and logical results. It assesses the input matching criteria in the following order:
\itemize{
\item{Human pathogenic prevalence: the function starts with more prevalent microorganisms, followed by less prevalent ones;}
\item{Taxonomic kingdom: the function starts with determining Bacteria, then Fungi, then Protozoa, then others;}
\item{Breakdown of input values to identify possible matches.}
The \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} function uses several coercion rules for fast and logical results. It assesses the input matching criteria in the following order:
\enumerate{
\item Human pathogenic prevalence: the function starts with more prevalent microorganisms, followed by less prevalent ones;
\item Taxonomic kingdom: the function starts with determining Bacteria, then Fungi, then Protozoa, then others;
\item Breakdown of input values to identify possible matches.
}
This will lead to the effect that e.g. \code{"E. coli"} (a highly prevalent microorganism found in humans) will return the microbial ID of \emph{Escherichia coli} and not \emph{Entamoeba coli} (a less prevalent microorganism in humans), although the latter would alphabetically come first.
This will lead to the effect that e.g. \code{"E. coli"} (a highly prevalent microorganism found in humans) will return the microbial ID of \emph{Escherichia coli} and not \emph{Entamoeba coli} (a less prevalent microorganism in humans), although the latter would alphabetically come first.
}
\strong{Coping with uncertain results} \cr
In addition, the \code{as.mo()} function can differentiate four levels of uncertainty to guess valid results:
\subsection{Coping with uncertain results}{
In addition, the \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} function can differentiate four levels of uncertainty to guess valid results:
\itemize{
\item{Uncertainty level 0: no additional rules are applied;}
\item{Uncertainty level 1: allow previously accepted (but now invalid) taxonomic names and minor spelling errors;}
\item{Uncertainty level 2: allow all of level 1, strip values between brackets, inverse the words of the input, strip off text elements from the end keeping at least two elements;}
\item{Uncertainty level 3: allow all of level 1 and 2, strip off text elements from the end, allow any part of a taxonomic name.}
\item Uncertainty level 0: no additional rules are applied;
\item Uncertainty level 1: allow previously accepted (but now invalid) taxonomic names and minor spelling errors;
\item Uncertainty level 2: allow all of level 1, strip values between brackets, inverse the words of the input, strip off text elements from the end keeping at least two elements;
\item Uncertainty level 3: allow all of level 1 and 2, strip off text elements from the end, allow any part of a taxonomic name.
}
This leads to e.g.:
\itemize{
\item{\code{"Streptococcus group B (known as S. agalactiae)"}. The text between brackets will be removed and a warning will be thrown that the result \emph{Streptococcus group B} (\code{B_STRPT_GRPB}) needs review.}
\item{\code{"S. aureus - please mind: MRSA"}. The last word will be stripped, after which the function will try to find a match. If it does not, the second last word will be stripped, etc. Again, a warning will be thrown that the result \emph{Staphylococcus aureus} (\code{B_STPHY_AURS}) needs review.}
\item{\code{"Fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae"}. The first word will be stripped, after which the function will try to find a match. A warning will be thrown that the result \emph{Neisseria gonorrhoeae} (\code{B_NESSR_GNRR}) needs review.}
\item \code{"Streptococcus group B (known as S. agalactiae)"}. The text between brackets will be removed and a warning will be thrown that the result \emph{Streptococcus group B} (\code{B_STRPT_GRPB}) needs review.
\item \code{"S. aureus - please mind: MRSA"}. The last word will be stripped, after which the function will try to find a match. If it does not, the second last word will be stripped, etc. Again, a warning will be thrown that the result \emph{Staphylococcus aureus} (\code{B_STPHY_AURS}) needs review.
\item \code{"Fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae"}. The first word will be stripped, after which the function will try to find a match. A warning will be thrown that the result \emph{Neisseria gonorrhoeae} (\code{B_NESSR_GNRR}) needs review.
}
The level of uncertainty can be set using the argument \code{allow_uncertain}. The default is \code{allow_uncertain = TRUE}, which is equal to uncertainty level 2. Using \code{allow_uncertain = FALSE} is equal to uncertainty level 0 and will skip all rules. You can also use e.g. \code{as.mo(..., allow_uncertain = 1)} to only allow up to level 1 uncertainty.
There are three helper functions that can be run after then \code{as.mo()} function:
There are three helper functions that can be run after then \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} function:
\itemize{
\item{Use \code{mo_uncertainties()} to get a \code{data.frame} with all values that were coerced to a valid value, but with uncertainty. The output contains a score, that is calculated as \code{(n - 0.5 * L) / n}, where \emph{n} is the number of characters of the returned full name of the microorganism, and \emph{L} is the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance}{Levenshtein distance} between that full name and the user input.}
\item{Use \code{mo_failures()} to get a vector with all values that could not be coerced to a valid value.}
\item{Use \code{mo_renamed()} to get a \code{data.frame} with all values that could be coerced based on an old, previously accepted taxonomic name.}
}
\item Use \code{\link[=mo_uncertainties]{mo_uncertainties()}} to get a \code{\link{data.frame}} with all values that were coerced to a valid value, but with uncertainty. The output contains a score, that is calculated as \eqn{(n - 0.5 * L) / n}, where \emph{n} is the number of characters of the returned full name of the microorganism, and \emph{L} is the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance}{Levenshtein distance} between that full name and the user input.
\item Use \code{\link[=mo_failures]{mo_failures()}} to get a \code{\link{vector}} with all values that could not be coerced to a valid value.
\item Use \code{\link[=mo_renamed]{mo_renamed()}} to get a \code{\link{data.frame}} with all values that could be coerced based on an old, previously accepted taxonomic name.
}
}
\strong{Microbial prevalence of pathogens in humans} \cr
The intelligent rules consider the prevalence of microorganisms in humans grouped into three groups, which is available as the \code{prevalence} columns in the \code{\link{microorganisms}} and \code{\link{microorganisms.old}} data sets. The grouping into prevalence groups is based on experience from several microbiological laboratories in the Netherlands in conjunction with international reports on pathogen prevalence.
\subsection{Microbial prevalence of pathogens in humans}{
Group 1 (most prevalent microorganisms) consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic class is Gammaproteobacteria or where the taxonomic genus is \emph{Enterococcus}, \emph{Staphylococcus} or \emph{Streptococcus}. This group consequently contains all common Gram-negative bacteria, such as \emph{Pseudomonas} and \emph{Legionella} and all species within the order Enterobacteriales.
The intelligent rules consider the prevalence of microorganisms in humans grouped into three groups, which is available as the \code{prevalence} columns in the \link{microorganisms} and \link{microorganisms.old} data sets. The grouping into prevalence groups is based on experience from several microbiological laboratories in the Netherlands in conjunction with international reports on pathogen prevalence.
Group 2 consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic phylum is Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria or Sarcomastigophora, or where the taxonomic genus is \emph{Aspergillus}, \emph{Bacteroides}, \emph{Candida}, \emph{Capnocytophaga}, \emph{Chryseobacterium}, \emph{Cryptococcus}, \emph{Elisabethkingia}, \emph{Flavobacterium}, \emph{Fusobacterium}, \emph{Giardia}, \emph{Leptotrichia}, \emph{Mycoplasma}, \emph{Prevotella}, \emph{Rhodotorula}, \emph{Treponema}, \emph{Trichophyton} or \emph{Ureaplasma}.
Group 1 (most prevalent microorganisms) consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic class is Gammaproteobacteria or where the taxonomic genus is \emph{Enterococcus}, \emph{Staphylococcus} or \emph{Streptococcus}. This group consequently contains all common Gram-negative bacteria, such as \emph{Pseudomonas} and \emph{Legionella} and all species within the order Enterobacteriales.
Group 2 consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic phylum is Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria or Sarcomastigophora, or where the taxonomic genus is \emph{Aspergillus}, \emph{Bacteroides}, \emph{Candida}, \emph{Capnocytophaga}, \emph{Chryseobacterium}, \emph{Cryptococcus}, \emph{Elisabethkingia}, \emph{Flavobacterium}, \emph{Fusobacterium}, \emph{Giardia}, \emph{Leptotrichia}, \emph{Mycoplasma}, \emph{Prevotella}, \emph{Rhodotorula}, \emph{Treponema}, \emph{Trichophyton} or \emph{Ureaplasma}.
Group 3 (least prevalent microorganisms) consists of all other microorganisms.
}
\strong{Self-learning algorithm} \cr
The \code{as.mo()} function gains experience from previously determined microorganism IDs and learns from it. This drastically improves both speed and reliability. Use \code{clear_mo_history()} to reset the algorithms. Only experience from your current \code{AMR} package version is used. This is done because in the future the taxonomic tree (which is included in this package) may change for any organism and it consequently has to rebuild its knowledge.
\subsection{Self-learning algorithm}{
The \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} function gains experience from previously determined microorganism IDs and learns from it. This drastically improves both speed and reliability. Use \code{\link[=clear_mo_history]{clear_mo_history()}} to reset the algorithms. Only experience from your current \code{AMR} package version is used. This is done because in the future the taxonomic tree (which is included in this package) may change for any organism and it consequently has to rebuild its knowledge.
Usually, any guess after the first try runs 80-95\% faster than the first try.
This resets with every update of this \code{AMR} package since results are saved to your local package library folder.
}
}
\section{Source}{
[1] Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci}. 2014. Clin Microbiol Rev. 27(4): 870–926. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-13}
[2] Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Implications of identifying the recently defined members of the \emph{S. aureus} complex, \emph{S. argenteus} and \emph{S. schweitzeri}: A position paper of members of the ESCMID Study Group for staphylococci and Staphylococcal Diseases (ESGS).} 2019. Clin Microbiol Infect. \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028}
[3] Lancefield RC \strong{A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci}. 1933. J Exp Med. 57(4): 571–95. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.57.4.571}
[4] Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
\enumerate{
\item Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci}. 2014. Clin Microbiol Rev. 27(4): 870–926. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-13}
\item Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Implications of identifying the recently defined members of the \emph{S. aureus} complex, \emph{S. argenteus} and \emph{S. schweitzeri}: A position paper of members of the ESCMID Study Group for staphylococci and Staphylococcal Diseases (ESGS).} 2019. Clin Microbiol Infect. \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028}
\item Lancefield RC \strong{A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci}. 1933. J Exp Med. 57(4): 571–95. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.57.4.571}
\item Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}).
}
}
\section{Catalogue of Life}{
@ -138,7 +147,7 @@ This resets with every update of this \code{AMR} package since results are saved
\if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -203,8 +212,9 @@ df <- df \%>\%
}
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{microorganisms}} for the \code{data.frame} that is being used to determine ID's. \cr
The \code{\link{mo_property}} functions (like \code{\link{mo_genus}}, \code{\link{mo_gramstain}}) to get properties based on the returned code.
\link{microorganisms} for the \code{\link{data.frame}} that is being used to determine ID's.
The \code{\link[=mo_property]{mo_property()}} functions (like \code{\link[=mo_genus]{mo_genus()}}, \code{\link[=mo_gramstain]{mo_gramstain()}}) to get properties based on the returned code.
}
\keyword{Becker}
\keyword{Lancefield}

32
man/as.rsi.Rd
View File

@ -16,54 +16,52 @@ as.rsi(x, ...)
\method{as.rsi}{disk}(x, mo, ab, guideline = "EUCAST", ...)
\method{as.rsi}{data.frame}(x, col_mo = NULL, guideline = "EUCAST",
...)
\method{as.rsi}{data.frame}(x, col_mo = NULL, guideline = "EUCAST", ...)
is.rsi(x)
is.rsi.eligible(x, threshold = 0.05)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{vector of values (for class \code{mic}: an MIC value in mg/L, for class \code{disk}: a disk diffusion radius in millimeters)}
\item{x}{vector of values (for class \code{\link{mic}}: an MIC value in mg/L, for class \code{\link{disk}}: a disk diffusion radius in millimeters)}
\item{...}{parameters passed on to methods}
\item{mo}{a microorganism code, generated with \code{\link{as.mo}}}
\item{mo}{a microorganism code, generated with \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}}
\item{ab}{an antimicrobial code, generated with \code{\link{as.ab}}}
\item{ab}{an antimicrobial code, generated with \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}}}
\item{guideline}{defaults to the latest included EUCAST guideline, run \code{unique(AMR::rsi_translation$guideline)} for all options}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link{as.mo}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{mo}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{\link{mo}}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.}
\item{threshold}{maximum fraction of invalid antimicrobial interpretations of \code{x}, see Examples}
\item{threshold}{maximum fraction of invalid antimicrobial interpretations of \code{x}, please see \emph{Examples}}
}
\value{
Ordered factor with new class \code{rsi}
Ordered factor with new class \code{\link{rsi}}
}
\description{
Interpret MIC values according to EUCAST or CLSI, or clean up existing RSI values. This transforms the input to a new class \code{rsi}, which is an ordered factor with levels \code{S < I < R}. Invalid antimicrobial interpretations will be translated as \code{NA} with a warning.
Interpret MIC values and disk diffusion diameters according to EUCAST or CLSI, or clean up existing RSI values. This transforms the input to a new class \code{\link{rsi}}, which is an ordered factor with levels \verb{S < I < R}. Invalid antimicrobial interpretations will be translated as \code{NA} with a warning.
}
\details{
Run \code{unique(AMR::rsi_translation$guideline)} for a list of all supported guidelines.
After using \code{as.rsi}, you can use \code{\link{eucast_rules}} to (1) apply inferred susceptibility and resistance based on results of other antimicrobials and (2) apply intrinsic resistance based on taxonomic properties of a microorganism.
After using \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}, you can use \code{\link[=eucast_rules]{eucast_rules()}} to (1) apply inferred susceptibility and resistance based on results of other antimicrobials and (2) apply intrinsic resistance based on taxonomic properties of a microorganism.
The function \code{is.rsi.eligible} returns \code{TRUE} when a columns contains at most 5\% invalid antimicrobial interpretations (not S and/or I and/or R), and \code{FALSE} otherwise. The threshold of 5\% can be set with the \code{threshold} parameter.
The function \code{\link[=is.rsi.eligible]{is.rsi.eligible()}} returns \code{TRUE} when a columns contains at most 5\% invalid antimicrobial interpretations (not S and/or I and/or R), and \code{FALSE} otherwise. The threshold of 5\% can be set with the \code{threshold} parameter.
}
\section{Interpretation of S, I and R}{
In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories S, I and R as shown below (\url{http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/}). Results of several consultations on the new definitions are available on the EUCAST website under "Consultations".
\itemize{
\item{\strong{S} - }{Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.}
\item{\strong{I} - }{Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.}
\item{\strong{R} - }{Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.}
\item \strong{S} - Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.
\item \strong{I} - Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.
\item \strong{R} - Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.
}
Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link{susceptibility}()} (equal to \code{\link{proportion_SI}()}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link{count_susceptible}()} (equal to \code{\link{count_SI}()}) to count susceptible isolates.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} (equal to \code{\link[=proportion_SI]{proportion_SI()}}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link[=count_susceptible]{count_susceptible()}} (equal to \code{\link[=count_SI]{count_SI()}}) to count susceptible isolates.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -109,5 +107,5 @@ is.rsi.eligible(WHONET$`First name`) # fails, >80\% is invalid
is.rsi.eligible(WHONET$`First name`, threshold = 0.99) # succeeds
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{as.mic}}
\code{\link[=as.mic]{as.mic()}}
}

50
man/atc_online.Rd
View File

@ -9,8 +9,12 @@
\url{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_alterations__cumulative/ddd_alterations/abbrevations/}
}
\usage{
atc_online_property(atc_code, property, administration = "O",
url = "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=\%s&showdescription=no")
atc_online_property(
atc_code,
property,
administration = "O",
url = "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=\%s&showdescription=no"
)
atc_online_groups(atc_code, ...)
@ -23,38 +27,40 @@ atc_online_ddd(atc_code, ...)
\item{administration}{type of administration when using \code{property = "Adm.R"}, see Details}
\item{url}{url of website of the WHO. The sign \code{\%s} can be used as a placeholder for ATC codes.}
\item{url}{url of website of the WHO. The sign \verb{\%s} can be used as a placeholder for ATC codes.}
\item{...}{parameters to pass on to \code{atc_property}}
}
\description{
Gets data from the WHO to determine properties of an ATC (e.g. an antibiotic) like name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit. \cr \strong{This function requires an internet connection.}
Gets data from the WHO to determine properties of an ATC (e.g. an antibiotic) like name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit.
\strong{This function requires an internet connection.}
}
\details{
Options for parameter \code{administration}:
\itemize{
\item{\code{"Implant"}}{ = Implant}
\item{\code{"Inhal"}}{ = Inhalation}
\item{\code{"Instill"}}{ = Instillation}
\item{\code{"N"}}{ = nasal}
\item{\code{"O"}}{ = oral}
\item{\code{"P"}}{ = parenteral}
\item{\code{"R"}}{ = rectal}
\item{\code{"SL"}}{ = sublingual/buccal}
\item{\code{"TD"}}{ = transdermal}
\item{\code{"V"}}{ = vaginal}
\item \code{"Implant"} = Implant
\item \code{"Inhal"} = Inhalation
\item \code{"Instill"} = Instillation
\item \code{"N"} = nasal
\item \code{"O"} = oral
\item \code{"P"} = parenteral
\item \code{"R"} = rectal
\item \code{"SL"} = sublingual/buccal
\item \code{"TD"} = transdermal
\item \code{"V"} = vaginal
}
Abbreviations of return values when using \code{property = "U"} (unit):
\itemize{
\item{\code{"g"}}{ = gram}
\item{\code{"mg"}}{ = milligram}
\item{\code{"mcg"}}{ = microgram}
\item{\code{"U"}}{ = unit}
\item{\code{"TU"}}{ = thousand units}
\item{\code{"MU"}}{ = million units}
\item{\code{"mmol"}}{ = millimole}
\item{\code{"ml"}}{ = milliliter (e.g. eyedrops)}
\item \code{"g"} = gram
\item \code{"mg"} = milligram
\item `"mcg"`` = microgram
\item \code{"U"} = unit
\item \code{"TU"} = thousand units
\item \code{"MU"} = million units
\item \code{"mmol"} = millimole
\item \code{"ml"} = milliliter (e.g. eyedrops)
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

8
man/availability.Rd
View File

@ -7,18 +7,18 @@
availability(tbl, width = NULL)
}
\arguments{
\item{tbl}{a \code{data.frame} or \code{list}}
\item{tbl}{a \code{\link{data.frame}} or \code{\link{list}}}
\item{width}{number of characters to present the visual availability, defaults to filling the width of the console}
}
\value{
\code{data.frame} with column names of \code{tbl} as row names
\code{\link{data.frame}} with column names of \code{tbl} as row names
}
\description{
Easy check for availability of columns in a data set. This makes it easy to get an idea of which antimicrobial combination can be used for calculation with e.g. \code{\link{resistance}}.
Easy check for availability of columns in a data set. This makes it easy to get an idea of which antimicrobial combination can be used for calculation with e.g. \code{\link[=resistance]{resistance()}}.
}
\details{
The function returns a \code{data.frame} with columns \code{"resistant"} and \code{"visual_resistance"}. The values in that columns are calculated with \code{\link{resistance}}.
The function returns a \code{\link{data.frame}} with columns \code{"resistant"} and \code{"visual_resistance"}. The values in that columns are calculated with \code{\link[=resistance]{resistance()}}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

33
man/bug_drug_combinations.Rd
View File

@ -10,25 +10,32 @@
\usage{
bug_drug_combinations(x, col_mo = NULL, FUN = mo_shortname, ...)
\method{format}{bug_drug_combinations}(x,
translate_ab = "name (ab, atc)", language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30, combine_SI = TRUE, combine_IR = FALSE,
add_ab_group = TRUE, remove_intrinsic_resistant = FALSE,
decimal.mark = getOption("OutDec"), big.mark = ifelse(decimal.mark ==
",", ".", ","), ...)
\method{format}{bug_drug_combinations}(
x,
translate_ab = "name (ab, atc)",
language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30,
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
add_ab_group = TRUE,
remove_intrinsic_resistant = FALSE,
decimal.mark = getOption("OutDec"),
big.mark = ifelse(decimal.mark == ",", ".", ","),
...
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{data with antibiotic columns, like e.g. \code{AMX} and \code{AMC}}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link{as.mo}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{mo}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{\link{mo}}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.}
\item{FUN}{the function to call on the \code{mo} column to transform the microorganism IDs, defaults to \code{\link{mo_shortname}}}
\item{FUN}{the function to call on the \code{mo} column to transform the microorganism IDs, defaults to \code{\link[=mo_shortname]{mo_shortname()}}}
\item{...}{arguments passed on to \code{FUN}}
\item{translate_ab}{a character of length 1 containing column names of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set}
\item{translate_ab}{a character of length 1 containing column names of the \link{antibiotics} data set}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link[=get_locale]{get_locale()}}) and can also be set with \code{getOption("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{minimum}{the minimum allowed number of available (tested) isolates. Any isolate count lower than \code{minimum} will return \code{NA} with a warning. The default number of \code{30} isolates is advised by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) as best practice, see Source.}
@ -48,13 +55,13 @@ bug_drug_combinations(x, col_mo = NULL, FUN = mo_shortname, ...)
decimal point.}
}
\value{
The function \code{bug_drug_combinations} returns a \code{data.frame} with columns "mo", "ab", "S", "I", "R" and "total".
The function \code{\link[=bug_drug_combinations]{bug_drug_combinations()}} returns a \code{\link{data.frame}} with columns "mo", "ab", "S", "I", "R" and "total".
}
\description{
Determine antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of all bug-drug combinations in your data set where at least 30 (default) isolates are available per species. Use \code{format} on the result to prettify it to a publicable/printable format, see Examples.
Determine antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of all bug-drug combinations in your data set where at least 30 (default) isolates are available per species. Use \code{\link[=format]{format()}} on the result to prettify it to a publicable/printable format, see Examples.
}
\details{
The function \code{format} calculates the resistance per bug-drug combination. Use \code{combine_IR = FALSE} (default) to test R vs. S+I and \code{combine_IR = TRUE} to test R+I vs. S.
The function \code{\link[=format]{format()}} calculates the resistance per bug-drug combination. Use \code{combine_IR = FALSE} (default) to test R vs. S+I and \code{combine_IR = TRUE} to test R+I vs. S.
The language of the output can be overwritten with \code{options(AMR_locale)}, please see \link{translate}.
}

20
man/catalogue_of_life.Rd
View File

@ -11,19 +11,19 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms f
\if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}.
}
\section{Included taxa}{
Included are:
\itemize{
\item{All ~61,000 (sub)species from the kingdoms of Archaea, Bacteria, Chromista and Protozoa}
\item{All ~8,500 (sub)species from these orders of the kingdom of Fungi: Eurotiales, Microascales, Mucorales, Onygenales, Pneumocystales, Saccharomycetales, Schizosaccharomycetales and Tremellales. The kingdom of Fungi is a very large taxon with almost 300,000 different (sub)species, of which most are not microbial (but rather macroscopic, like mushrooms). Because of this, not all fungi fit the scope of this package and including everything would tremendously slow down our algorithms too. By only including the aforementioned taxonomic orders, the most relevant fungi are covered (like all species of \emph{Aspergillus}, \emph{Candida}, \emph{Cryptococcus}, \emph{Histplasma}, \emph{Pneumocystis}, \emph{Saccharomyces} and \emph{Trichophyton}).}
\item{All ~150 (sub)species from ~100 other relevant genera from the kingdom of Animalia (like \emph{Strongyloides} and \emph{Taenia})}
\item{All ~23,000 previously accepted names of all included (sub)species (these were taxonomically renamed)}
\item{The complete taxonomic tree of all included (sub)species: from kingdom to subspecies}
\item{The responsible author(s) and year of scientific publication}
\item All ~61,000 (sub)species from the kingdoms of Archaea, Bacteria, Chromista and Protozoa
\item All ~8,500 (sub)species from these orders of the kingdom of Fungi: Eurotiales, Microascales, Mucorales, Onygenales, Pneumocystales, Saccharomycetales, Schizosaccharomycetales and Tremellales. The kingdom of Fungi is a very large taxon with almost 300,000 different (sub)species, of which most are not microbial (but rather macroscopic, like mushrooms). Because of this, not all fungi fit the scope of this package and including everything would tremendously slow down our algorithms too. By only including the aforementioned taxonomic orders, the most relevant fungi are covered (like all species of \emph{Aspergillus}, \emph{Candida}, \emph{Cryptococcus}, \emph{Histplasma}, \emph{Pneumocystis}, \emph{Saccharomyces} and \emph{Trichophyton}).
\item All ~150 (sub)species from ~100 other relevant genera from the kingdom of Animalia (like \emph{Strongyloides} and \emph{Taenia})
\item All ~23,000 previously accepted names of all included (sub)species (these were taxonomically renamed)
\item The complete taxonomic tree of all included (sub)species: from kingdom to subspecies
\item The responsible author(s) and year of scientific publication
}
The Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}) is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available. It holds essential information on the names, relationships and distributions of over 1.9 million species. The Catalogue of Life is used to support the major biodiversity and conservation information services such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Encyclopedia of Life (EoL) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. It is recognised by the Convention on Biological Diversity as a significant component of the Global Taxonomy Initiative and a contribution to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation.
@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ mo_gramstain("E. coli") # based on kingdom and phylum, see ?mo_gramstain
mo_ref("E. coli")
# [1] "Castellani et al., 1919"
# Do not get mistaken - the package only includes microorganisms
# Do not get mistaken - this package is about microorganisms
mo_kingdom("C. elegans")
# [1] "Bacteria" # Bacteria?!
mo_name("C. elegans")
# [1] "Chroococcus limneticus elegans" # Because a microorganism was found
}
\seealso{
Data set \code{\link{microorganisms}} for the actual data. \cr
Function \code{\link{as.mo}()} to use the data for intelligent determination of microorganisms.
Data set \link{microorganisms} for the actual data. \cr
Function \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} to use the data for intelligent determination of microorganisms.
}

8
man/catalogue_of_life_version.Rd
View File

@ -7,20 +7,20 @@
catalogue_of_life_version()
}
\value{
a \code{list}, which prints in pretty format
a \code{\link{list}}, which prints in pretty format
}
\description{
This function returns information about the included data from the Catalogue of Life.
}
\details{
For DSMZ, see \code{?microorganisms}.
For DSMZ, see \link{microorganisms}.
}
\section{Catalogue of Life}{
\if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ microorganisms \%>\% freq(kingdom)
microorganisms \%>\% group_by(kingdom) \%>\% freq(phylum, nmax = NULL)
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{microorganisms}}
\link{microorganisms}
}

60
man/count.Rd
View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
\alias{count_all}
\alias{n_rsi}
\alias{count_df}
\title{Count isolates}
\title{Count available isolates}
\usage{
count_resistant(..., only_all_tested = FALSE)
@ -32,62 +32,63 @@ count_all(..., only_all_tested = FALSE)
n_rsi(..., only_all_tested = FALSE)
count_df(data, translate_ab = "name", language = get_locale(),
combine_SI = TRUE, combine_IR = FALSE)
count_df(
data,
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE
)
}
\arguments{
\item{...}{one or more vectors (or columns) with antibiotic interpretations. They will be transformed internally with \code{\link{as.rsi}} if needed.}
\item{...}{one or more vectors (or columns) with antibiotic interpretations. They will be transformed internally with \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}} if needed.}
\item{only_all_tested}{(for combination therapies, i.e. using more than one variable for \code{...}) a logical to indicate that isolates must be tested for all antibiotics, see section \emph{Combination therapy} below}
\item{only_all_tested}{(for combination therapies, i.e. using more than one variable for \code{...}): a logical to indicate that isolates must be tested for all antibiotics, see section \emph{Combination therapy} below}
\item{data}{a \code{data.frame} containing columns with class \code{rsi} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}})}
\item{data}{a \code{\link{data.frame}} containing columns with class \code{\link{rsi}} (see \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}})}
\item{translate_ab}{a column name of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations to, using \code{\link{ab_property}}}
\item{translate_ab}{a column name of the \link{antibiotics} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations to, using \code{\link[=ab_property]{ab_property()}}}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link[=get_locale]{get_locale()}}) and can also be set with \code{getOption("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{combine_SI}{a logical to indicate whether all values of S and I must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S+I vs. R (susceptible vs. resistant). This used to be the parameter \code{combine_IR}, but this now follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section 'Interpretation of S, I and R' below. Default is \code{TRUE}.}
\item{combine_IR}{a logical to indicate whether all values of I and R must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S vs. I+R (susceptible vs. non-susceptible). This is outdated, see parameter \code{combine_SI}.}
}
\value{
Integer
An \code{\link{integer}}
}
\description{
These functions can be used to count resistant/susceptible microbial isolates. All functions support quasiquotation with pipes, can be used in \code{dplyr}s \code{\link[dplyr]{summarise}} and support grouped variables, see \emph{Examples}.
These functions can be used to count resistant/susceptible microbial isolates. All functions support quasiquotation with pipes, can be used in \code{\link[=summarise]{summarise()}} and support grouped variables, see \emph{Examples}.
\code{count_resistant()} should be used to count resistant isolates, \code{count_susceptible()} should be used to count susceptible isolates.\cr
\code{\link[=count_resistant]{count_resistant()}} should be used to count resistant isolates, \code{\link[=count_susceptible]{count_susceptible()}} should be used to count susceptible isolates.
}
\details{
These functions are meant to count isolates. Use the \code{\link{resistance}}/\code{\link{susceptibility}} functions to calculate microbial resistance/susceptibility.
These functions are meant to count isolates. Use the \code{\link[=resistance]{resistance()}}/\code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} functions to calculate microbial resistance/susceptibility.
The function \code{count_resistant()} is equal to the function \code{count_R()}. The function \code{count_susceptible()} is equal to the function \code{count_SI()}.
The function \code{\link[=count_resistant]{count_resistant()}} is equal to the function \code{\link[=count_R]{count_R()}}. The function \code{\link[=count_susceptible]{count_susceptible()}} is equal to the function \code{\link[=count_SI]{count_SI()}}.
The function \code{n_rsi()} is an alias of \code{count_all()}. They can be used to count all available isolates, i.e. where all input antibiotics have an available result (S, I or R). Their use is equal to \code{\link{n_distinct}()}. Their function is equal to \code{count_susceptible(...) + count_resistant(...)}.
The function \code{\link[=n_rsi]{n_rsi()}} is an alias of \code{\link[=count_all]{count_all()}}. They can be used to count all available isolates, i.e. where all input antibiotics have an available result (S, I or R). Their use is equal to \code{\link[=n_distinct]{n_distinct()}}. Their function is equal to \code{count_susceptible(...) + count_resistant(...)}.
The function \code{count_df()} takes any variable from \code{data} that has an \code{"rsi"} class (created with \code{\link{as.rsi}()}) and counts the number of S's, I's and R's. The function \code{rsi_df()} works exactly like \code{count_df()}, but adds the percentage of S, I and R.
The function \code{\link[=count_df]{count_df()}} takes any variable from \code{data} that has an \code{\link{rsi}} class (created with \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}) and counts the number of S's, I's and R's. The function \code{\link[=rsi_df]{rsi_df()}} works exactly like \code{\link[=count_df]{count_df()}}, but adds the percentage of S, I and R.
}
\section{Interpretation of S, I and R}{
In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories S, I and R as shown below (\url{http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/}). Results of several consultations on the new definitions are available on the EUCAST website under "Consultations".
\itemize{
\item{\strong{S} - }{Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.}
\item{\strong{I} - }{Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.}
\item{\strong{R} - }{Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.}
\item \strong{S} - Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.
\item \strong{I} - Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.
\item \strong{R} - Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.
}
Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link{susceptibility}()} (equal to \code{\link{proportion_SI}()}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link{count_susceptible}()} (equal to \code{\link{count_SI}()}) to count susceptible isolates.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} (equal to \code{\link[=proportion_SI]{proportion_SI()}}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link[=count_susceptible]{count_susceptible()}} (equal to \code{\link[=count_SI]{count_SI()}}) to count susceptible isolates.
}
\section{Combination therapy}{
When using more than one variable for \code{...} (= combination therapy)), use \code{only_all_tested} to only count isolates that are tested for all antibiotics/variables that you test them for. See this example for two antibiotics, Antibiotic A and Antibiotic B, about how \code{susceptibility} works to calculate the \%SI:
\preformatted{
--------------------------------------------------------------------
When using more than one variable for \code{...} (= combination therapy)), use \code{only_all_tested} to only count isolates that are tested for all antibiotics/variables that you test them for. See this example for two antibiotics, Antibiotic A and Antibiotic B, about how \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} works to calculate the \%SI:\preformatted{--------------------------------------------------------------------
only_all_tested = FALSE only_all_tested = TRUE
----------------------- -----------------------
Drug A Drug B include as include as include as include as
@ -105,14 +106,11 @@ When using more than one variable for \code{...} (= combination therapy)), use \
--------------------------------------------------------------------
}
Please note that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = TRUE} applies that:
\preformatted{
count_S() + count_I() + count_R() = count_all()
Please note that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = TRUE} applies that:\preformatted{ count_S() + count_I() + count_R() = count_all()
proportion_S() + proportion_I() + proportion_R() = 1
}
and that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = FALSE} applies that:
\preformatted{
count_S() + count_I() + count_R() >= count_all()
and that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = FALSE} applies that:\preformatted{ count_S() + count_I() + count_R() >= count_all()
proportion_S() + proportion_I() + proportion_R() >= 1
}
@ -184,5 +182,5 @@ example_isolates \%>\%
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{proportion}_*} to calculate microbial resistance and susceptibility.
\code{\link[=proportion]{proportion_*}} to calculate microbial resistance and susceptibility.
}

222
man/eucast_rules.Rd
View File

@ -6,29 +6,29 @@
\title{EUCAST rules}
\source{
\itemize{
\item{
EUCAST Expert Rules. Version 2.0, 2012. \cr
Leclercq et al. \strong{EUCAST expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.} \emph{Clin Microbiol Infect.} 2013;19(2):141-60. \cr
\url{https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03703.x}
}
\item{
EUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables. Version 3.1, 2016. \cr
\url{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}
}
\item{
EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0, 2019. \cr
\url{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Breakpoint_tables/v_9.0_Breakpoint_Tables.xlsx}
}
}
\item EUCAST Expert Rules. Version 2.0, 2012. \cr
Leclercq et al. \strong{EUCAST expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.} \emph{Clin Microbiol Infect.} 2013;19(2):141-60. \cr
\url{https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03703.x}
\item EUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables. Version 3.1, 2016. \cr
\url{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}
\item EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0, 2019. \cr
\url{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Breakpoint_tables/v_9.0_Breakpoint_Tables.xlsx}
}
}
\usage{
eucast_rules(x, col_mo = NULL, info = TRUE, rules = c("breakpoints",
"expert", "other", "all"), verbose = FALSE, ...)
eucast_rules(
x,
col_mo = NULL,
info = TRUE,
rules = c("breakpoints", "expert", "other", "all"),
verbose = FALSE,
...
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{data with antibiotic columns, like e.g. \code{AMX} and \code{AMC}}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link{as.mo}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{mo}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{\link{mo}}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.}
\item{info}{print progress}
@ -36,120 +36,120 @@ eucast_rules(x, col_mo = NULL, info = TRUE, rules = c("breakpoints",
\item{verbose}{a logical to turn Verbose mode on and off (default is off). In Verbose mode, the function does not apply rules to the data, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which rows and columns would be effected and in which way.}
\item{...}{column name of an antibiotic, see section Antibiotics}
\item{...}{column name of an antibiotic, please see section \emph{Antibiotics} below}
}
\value{
The input of \code{x}, possibly with edited values of antibiotics. Or, if \code{verbose = TRUE}, a \code{data.frame} with all original and new values of the affected bug-drug combinations.
The input of \code{x}, possibly with edited values of antibiotics. Or, if \code{verbose = TRUE}, a \code{\link{data.frame}} with all original and new values of the affected bug-drug combinations.
}
\description{
Apply susceptibility rules as defined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, \url{http://eucast.org}), see \emph{Source}. This includes (1) expert rules, (2) intrinsic resistance and (3) inferred resistance as defined in their breakpoint tables.
Apply susceptibility rules as defined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, \url{http://eucast.org}), see \emph{Source}. This includes (1) expert rules, (2) intrinsic resistance and (3) inferred resistance as defined in their breakpoint tables.
To improve the interpretation of the antibiogram before EUCAST rules are applied, some non-EUCAST rules are applied at default, see Details.
}
\details{
\strong{Note:} This function does not translate MIC values to RSI values. Use \code{\link{as.rsi}} for that. \cr
\strong{Note:} This function does not translate MIC values to RSI values. Use \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}} for that. \cr
\strong{Note:} When ampicillin (AMP, J01CA01) is not available but amoxicillin (AMX, J01CA04) is, the latter will be used for all rules where there is a dependency on ampicillin. These drugs are interchangeable when it comes to expression of antimicrobial resistance.
Before further processing, some non-EUCAST rules are applied to improve the efficacy of the EUCAST rules. These non-EUCAST rules, that are applied to all isolates, are:
\itemize{
\item{Inherit amoxicillin (AMX) from ampicillin (AMP), where amoxicillin (AMX) is unavailable;}
\item{Inherit ampicillin (AMP) from amoxicillin (AMX), where ampicillin (AMP) is unavailable;}
\item{Set amoxicillin (AMX) = R where amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) = R;}
\item{Set piperacillin (PIP) = R where piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) = R;}
\item{Set trimethoprim (TMP) = R where trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) = R;}
\item{Set amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) = S where amoxicillin (AMX) = S;}
\item{Set piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) = S where piperacillin (PIP) = S;}
\item{Set trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) = S where trimethoprim (TMP) = S.}
}
\item Inherit amoxicillin (AMX) from ampicillin (AMP), where amoxicillin (AMX) is unavailable;
\item Inherit ampicillin (AMP) from amoxicillin (AMX), where ampicillin (AMP) is unavailable;
\item Set amoxicillin (AMX) = R where amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) = R;
\item Set piperacillin (PIP) = R where piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) = R;
\item Set trimethoprim (TMP) = R where trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) = R;
\item Set amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) = S where amoxicillin (AMX) = S;
\item Set piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) = S where piperacillin (PIP) = S;
\item Set trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) = S where trimethoprim (TMP) = S.
To \emph{not} use these rules, please use \code{eucast_rules(..., rules = c("breakpoints", "expert"))}.
}
The file containing all EUCAST rules is located here: \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/eucast_rules.tsv}.
}
\section{Antibiotics}{
To define antibiotics column names, leave as it is to determine it automatically with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}} or input a text (case-insensitive), or use \code{NULL} to skip a column (e.g. \code{TIC = NULL} to skip ticarcillin). Manually defined but non-existing columns will be skipped with a warning.
To define antibiotics column names, leave as it is to determine it automatically with \code{\link[=guess_ab_col]{guess_ab_col()}} or input a text (case-insensitive), or use \code{NULL} to skip a column (e.g. \code{TIC = NULL} to skip ticarcillin). Manually defined but non-existing columns will be skipped with a warning.
The following antibiotics are used for the functions \code{\link{eucast_rules}} and \code{\link{mdro}}. These are shown below in the format '\strong{antimicrobial ID}: name (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/}{ATC code})', sorted by name:
The following antibiotics are used for the functions \code{\link[=eucast_rules]{eucast_rules()}} and \code{\link[=mdro]{mdro()}}. These are shown below in the format '\strong{antimicrobial ID}: name (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/}{ATC code})', sorted by name:
\strong{AMK}: amikacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB06}{J01GB06}),
\strong{AMX}: amoxicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA04}{J01CA04}),
\strong{AMC}: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR02}{J01CR02}),
\strong{AMP}: ampicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA01}{J01CA01}),
\strong{SAM}: ampicillin/sulbactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR01}{J01CR01}),
\strong{AZM}: azithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA10}{J01FA10}),
\strong{AZL}: azlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA09}{J01CA09}),
\strong{ATM}: aztreonam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DF01}{J01DF01}),
\strong{CAP}: capreomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB30}{J04AB30}),
\strong{RID}: cefaloridine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB02}{J01DB02}),
\strong{CZO}: cefazolin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB04}{J01DB04}),
\strong{FEP}: cefepime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DE01}{J01DE01}),
\strong{CTX}: cefotaxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD01}{J01DD01}),
\strong{CTT}: cefotetan (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC05}{J01DC05}),
\strong{FOX}: cefoxitin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC01}{J01DC01}),
\strong{CPT}: ceftaroline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DI02}{J01DI02}),
\strong{CAZ}: ceftazidime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD02}{J01DD02}),
\strong{CRO}: ceftriaxone (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD04}{J01DD04}),
\strong{CXM}: cefuroxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC02}{J01DC02}),
\strong{CED}: cephradine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB09}{J01DB09}),
\strong{CHL}: chloramphenicol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01BA01}{J01BA01}),
\strong{CIP}: ciprofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA02}{J01MA02}),
\strong{CLR}: clarithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA09}{J01FA09}),
\strong{CLI}: clindamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF01}{J01FF01}),
\strong{COL}: colistin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB01}{J01XB01}),
\strong{DAP}: daptomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX09}{J01XX09}),
\strong{DOR}: doripenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH04}{J01DH04}),
\strong{DOX}: doxycycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA02}{J01AA02}),
\strong{ETP}: ertapenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH03}{J01DH03}),
\strong{ERY}: erythromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA01}{J01FA01}),
\strong{ETH}: ethambutol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK02}{J04AK02}),
\strong{FLC}: flucloxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF05}{J01CF05}),
\strong{FOS}: fosfomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX01}{J01XX01}),
\strong{FUS}: fusidic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XC01}{J01XC01}),
\strong{GAT}: gatifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA16}{J01MA16}),
\strong{GEN}: gentamicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB03}{J01GB03}),
\strong{GEH}: gentamicin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{IPM}: imipenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH51}{J01DH51}),
\strong{INH}: isoniazid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AC01}{J04AC01}),
\strong{KAN}: kanamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB04}{J01GB04}),
\strong{LVX}: levofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA12}{J01MA12}),
\strong{LIN}: lincomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF02}{J01FF02}),
\strong{LNZ}: linezolid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX08}{J01XX08}),
\strong{MEM}: meropenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH02}{J01DH02}),
\strong{MTR}: metronidazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XD01}{J01XD01}),
\strong{MEZ}: mezlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA10}{J01CA10}),
\strong{MNO}: minocycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA08}{J01AA08}),
\strong{MFX}: moxifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA14}{J01MA14}),
\strong{NAL}: nalidixic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MB02}{J01MB02}),
\strong{NEO}: neomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB05}{J01GB05}),
\strong{NET}: netilmicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB07}{J01GB07}),
\strong{NIT}: nitrofurantoin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XE01}{J01XE01}),
\strong{NOR}: norfloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA06}{J01MA06}),
\strong{NOV}: novobiocin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=QJ01XX95}{QJ01XX95}),
\strong{OFX}: ofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA01}{J01MA01}),
\strong{OXA}: oxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF04}{J01CF04}),
\strong{PEN}: penicillin G (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01}{J01CE01}),
\strong{PIP}: piperacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA12}{J01CA12}),
\strong{TZP}: piperacillin/tazobactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR05}{J01CR05}),
\strong{PLB}: polymyxin B (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB02}{J01XB02}),
\strong{PRI}: pristinamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG01}{J01FG01}),
\strong{PZA}: pyrazinamide (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK01}{J04AK01}),
\strong{QDA}: quinupristin/dalfopristin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG02}{J01FG02}),
\strong{RIB}: rifabutin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB04}{J04AB04}),
\strong{RIF}: rifampicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB02}{J04AB02}),
\strong{RFP}: rifapentine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB05}{J04AB05}),
\strong{RXT}: roxithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA06}{J01FA06}),
\strong{SIS}: sisomicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB08}{J01GB08}),
\strong{STH}: streptomycin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{TEC}: teicoplanin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA02}{J01XA02}),
\strong{TLV}: telavancin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA03}{J01XA03}),
\strong{TCY}: tetracycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA07}{J01AA07}),
\strong{TIC}: ticarcillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA13}{J01CA13}),
\strong{TCC}: ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR03}{J01CR03}),
\strong{TGC}: tigecycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA12}{J01AA12}),
\strong{TOB}: tobramycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB01}{J01GB01}),
\strong{TMP}: trimethoprim (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EA01}{J01EA01}),
\strong{SXT}: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EE01}{J01EE01}),
\strong{VAN}: vancomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA01}{J01XA01}).
\strong{AMK}: amikacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB06}{J01GB06}),
\strong{AMX}: amoxicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA04}{J01CA04}),
\strong{AMC}: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR02}{J01CR02}),
\strong{AMP}: ampicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA01}{J01CA01}),
\strong{SAM}: ampicillin/sulbactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR01}{J01CR01}),
\strong{AZM}: azithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA10}{J01FA10}),
\strong{AZL}: azlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA09}{J01CA09}),
\strong{ATM}: aztreonam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DF01}{J01DF01}),
\strong{CAP}: capreomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB30}{J04AB30}),
\strong{RID}: cefaloridine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB02}{J01DB02}),
\strong{CZO}: cefazolin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB04}{J01DB04}),
\strong{FEP}: cefepime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DE01}{J01DE01}),
\strong{CTX}: cefotaxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD01}{J01DD01}),
\strong{CTT}: cefotetan (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC05}{J01DC05}),
\strong{FOX}: cefoxitin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC01}{J01DC01}),
\strong{CPT}: ceftaroline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DI02}{J01DI02}),
\strong{CAZ}: ceftazidime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD02}{J01DD02}),
\strong{CRO}: ceftriaxone (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD04}{J01DD04}),
\strong{CXM}: cefuroxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC02}{J01DC02}),
\strong{CED}: cephradine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB09}{J01DB09}),
\strong{CHL}: chloramphenicol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01BA01}{J01BA01}),
\strong{CIP}: ciprofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA02}{J01MA02}),
\strong{CLR}: clarithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA09}{J01FA09}),
\strong{CLI}: clindamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF01}{J01FF01}),
\strong{COL}: colistin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB01}{J01XB01}),
\strong{DAP}: daptomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX09}{J01XX09}),
\strong{DOR}: doripenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH04}{J01DH04}),
\strong{DOX}: doxycycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA02}{J01AA02}),
\strong{ETP}: ertapenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH03}{J01DH03}),
\strong{ERY}: erythromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA01}{J01FA01}),
\strong{ETH}: ethambutol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK02}{J04AK02}),
\strong{FLC}: flucloxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF05}{J01CF05}),
\strong{FOS}: fosfomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX01}{J01XX01}),
\strong{FUS}: fusidic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XC01}{J01XC01}),
\strong{GAT}: gatifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA16}{J01MA16}),
\strong{GEN}: gentamicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB03}{J01GB03}),
\strong{GEH}: gentamicin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{IPM}: imipenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH51}{J01DH51}),
\strong{INH}: isoniazid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AC01}{J04AC01}),
\strong{KAN}: kanamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB04}{J01GB04}),
\strong{LVX}: levofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA12}{J01MA12}),
\strong{LIN}: lincomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF02}{J01FF02}),
\strong{LNZ}: linezolid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX08}{J01XX08}),
\strong{MEM}: meropenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH02}{J01DH02}),
\strong{MTR}: metronidazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XD01}{J01XD01}),
\strong{MEZ}: mezlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA10}{J01CA10}),
\strong{MNO}: minocycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA08}{J01AA08}),
\strong{MFX}: moxifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA14}{J01MA14}),
\strong{NAL}: nalidixic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MB02}{J01MB02}),
\strong{NEO}: neomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB05}{J01GB05}),
\strong{NET}: netilmicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB07}{J01GB07}),
\strong{NIT}: nitrofurantoin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XE01}{J01XE01}),
\strong{NOR}: norfloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA06}{J01MA06}),
\strong{NOV}: novobiocin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=QJ01XX95}{QJ01XX95}),
\strong{OFX}: ofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA01}{J01MA01}),
\strong{OXA}: oxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF04}{J01CF04}),
\strong{PEN}: penicillin G (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01}{J01CE01}),
\strong{PIP}: piperacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA12}{J01CA12}),
\strong{TZP}: piperacillin/tazobactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR05}{J01CR05}),
\strong{PLB}: polymyxin B (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB02}{J01XB02}),
\strong{PRI}: pristinamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG01}{J01FG01}),
\strong{PZA}: pyrazinamide (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK01}{J04AK01}),
\strong{QDA}: quinupristin/dalfopristin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG02}{J01FG02}),
\strong{RIB}: rifabutin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB04}{J04AB04}),
\strong{RIF}: rifampicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB02}{J04AB02}),
\strong{RFP}: rifapentine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB05}{J04AB05}),
\strong{RXT}: roxithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA06}{J01FA06}),
\strong{SIS}: sisomicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB08}{J01GB08}),
\strong{STH}: streptomycin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{TEC}: teicoplanin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA02}{J01XA02}),
\strong{TLV}: telavancin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA03}{J01XA03}),
\strong{TCY}: tetracycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA07}{J01AA07}),
\strong{TIC}: ticarcillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA13}{J01CA13}),
\strong{TCC}: ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR03}{J01CR03}),
\strong{TGC}: tigecycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA12}{J01AA12}),
\strong{TOB}: tobramycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB01}{J01GB01}),
\strong{TMP}: trimethoprim (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EA01}{J01EA01}),
\strong{SXT}: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EE01}{J01EE01}),
\strong{VAN}: vancomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA01}{J01XA01}).
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

22
man/example_isolates.Rd
View File

@ -5,17 +5,17 @@
\alias{example_isolates}
\title{Data set with 2,000 example isolates}
\format{A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 2,000 observations and 49 variables:
\describe{
\item{\code{date}}{date of receipt at the laboratory}
\item{\code{hospital_id}}{ID of the hospital, from A to D}
\item{\code{ward_icu}}{logical to determine if ward is an intensive care unit}
\item{\code{ward_clinical}}{logical to determine if ward is a regular clinical ward}
\item{\code{ward_outpatient}}{logical to determine if ward is an outpatient clinic}
\item{\code{age}}{age of the patient}
\item{\code{gender}}{gender of the patient}
\item{\code{patient_id}}{ID of the patient}
\item{\code{mo}}{ID of microorganism created with \code{\link{as.mo}}, see also \code{\link{microorganisms}}}
\item{\code{PEN:RIF}}{40 different antibiotics with class \code{rsi} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}}); these column names occur in \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set and can be translated with \code{\link{ab_name}}}
\itemize{
\item \code{date}\cr date of receipt at the laboratory
\item \code{hospital_id}\cr ID of the hospital, from A to D
\item \code{ward_icu}\cr logical to determine if ward is an intensive care unit
\item \code{ward_clinical}\cr logical to determine if ward is a regular clinical ward
\item \code{ward_outpatient}\cr logical to determine if ward is an outpatient clinic
\item \code{age}\cr age of the patient
\item \code{gender}\cr gender of the patient
\item \code{patient_id}\cr ID of the patient
\item \code{mo}\cr ID of microorganism created with \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}, see also \link{microorganisms}
\item \code{PEN:RIF}\cr 40 different antibiotics with class \code{\link{rsi}} (see \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}); these column names occur in \link{antibiotics} data set and can be translated with \code{\link[=ab_name]{ab_name()}}
}}
\usage{
example_isolates

4
man/filter_ab_class.Rd
View File

@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ filter_tetracyclines(x, result = NULL, scope = "any", ...)
\arguments{
\item{x}{a data set}
\item{ab_class}{an antimicrobial class, like \code{"carbapenems"}, as can be found in \code{AMR::antibiotics$group}}
\item{ab_class}{an antimicrobial class, like \code{"carbapenems"}, as can be found in \code{\link[=antibiotics]{AMR::antibiotics$group}}}
\item{result}{an antibiotic result: S, I or R (or a combination of more of them)}
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ filter_tetracyclines(x, result = NULL, scope = "any", ...)
Filter isolates on results in specific antibiotic variables based on their class (ATC groups). This makes it easy to get a list of isolates that were tested for e.g. any aminoglycoside.
}
\details{
The \code{group} column in \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set will be searched for \code{ab_class} (case-insensitive). If no results are found, the \code{atc_group1} and \code{atc_group2} columns will be searched. Next, \code{x} will be checked for column names with a value in any abbreviations, codes or official names found in the \code{antibiotics} data set.
The \code{group} column in \link{antibiotics} data set will be searched for \code{ab_class} (case-insensitive). If no results are found, the \code{atc_group1} and \code{atc_group2} columns will be searched. Next, \code{x} will be checked for column names with a value in any abbreviations, codes or official names found in the \link{antibiotics} data set.
}
\examples{
library(dplyr)

85
man/first_isolate.Rd
View File

@ -6,31 +6,57 @@
\alias{filter_first_weighted_isolate}
\title{Determine first (weighted) isolates}
\source{
Methodology of this function is based on: \strong{M39 Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data, 4th Edition}, 2014, \emph{Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)}. \url{https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/}.
Methodology of this function is based on:
\strong{M39 Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data, 4th Edition}, 2014, \emph{Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)}. \url{https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/}.
}
\usage{
first_isolate(x, col_date = NULL, col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL, col_testcode = NULL, col_specimen = NULL,
col_icu = NULL, col_keyantibiotics = NULL, episode_days = 365,
testcodes_exclude = NULL, icu_exclude = FALSE,
specimen_group = NULL, type = "keyantibiotics", ignore_I = TRUE,
points_threshold = 2, info = TRUE, include_unknown = FALSE, ...)
first_isolate(
x,
col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
col_testcode = NULL,
col_specimen = NULL,
col_icu = NULL,
col_keyantibiotics = NULL,
episode_days = 365,
testcodes_exclude = NULL,
icu_exclude = FALSE,
specimen_group = NULL,
type = "keyantibiotics",
ignore_I = TRUE,
points_threshold = 2,
info = TRUE,
include_unknown = FALSE,
...
)
filter_first_isolate(x, col_date = NULL, col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL, ...)
filter_first_isolate(
x,
col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
...
)
filter_first_weighted_isolate(x, col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL, col_mo = NULL, col_keyantibiotics = NULL,
...)
filter_first_weighted_isolate(
x,
col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
col_keyantibiotics = NULL,
...
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a \code{data.frame} containing isolates.}
\item{x}{a \code{\link{data.frame}} containing isolates.}
\item{col_date}{column name of the result date (or date that is was received on the lab), defaults to the first column of with a date class}
\item{col_patient_id}{column name of the unique IDs of the patients, defaults to the first column that starts with 'patient' or 'patid' (case insensitive)}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link{as.mo}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{mo}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{\link{mo}}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.}
\item{col_testcode}{column name of the test codes. Use \code{col_testcode = NULL} to \strong{not} exclude certain test codes (like test codes for screening). In that case \code{testcodes_exclude} will be ignored.}
@ -38,7 +64,7 @@ filter_first_weighted_isolate(x, col_date = NULL,
\item{col_icu}{column name of the logicals (\code{TRUE}/\code{FALSE}) whether a ward or department is an Intensive Care Unit (ICU)}
\item{col_keyantibiotics}{column name of the key antibiotics to determine first \emph{weighted} isolates, see \code{\link{key_antibiotics}}. Defaults to the first column that starts with 'key' followed by 'ab' or 'antibiotics' (case insensitive). Use \code{col_keyantibiotics = FALSE} to prevent this.}
\item{col_keyantibiotics}{column name of the key antibiotics to determine first \emph{weighted} isolates, see \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}}. Defaults to the first column that starts with 'key' followed by 'ab' or 'antibiotics' (case insensitive). Use \code{col_keyantibiotics = FALSE} to prevent this.}
\item{episode_days}{episode in days after which a genus/species combination will be determined as 'first isolate' again. The default of 365 days is based on the guideline by CLSI, see Source.}
@ -58,30 +84,27 @@ filter_first_weighted_isolate(x, col_date = NULL,
\item{include_unknown}{logical to determine whether 'unknown' microorganisms should be included too, i.e. microbial code \code{"UNKNOWN"}, which defaults to \code{FALSE}. For WHONET users, this means that all records with organism code \code{"con"} (\emph{contamination}) will be excluded at default. Isolates with a microbial ID of \code{NA} will always be excluded as first isolate.}
\item{...}{parameters passed on to the \code{first_isolate} function}
\item{...}{parameters passed on to the \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}} function}
}
\value{
Logical vector
A \code{\link{logical}} vector
}
\description{
Determine first (weighted) isolates of all microorganisms of every patient per episode and (if needed) per specimen type.
}
\details{
\strong{WHY THIS IS SO IMPORTANT} \cr
To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you should only include the first isolate of every patient per episode \href{https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17304462}{[1]}. If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following week. The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all \emph{S. aureus} isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would be \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias}{selection bias}.
To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you should only include the first isolate of every patient per episode [\link{1}](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17304462). If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following week. The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all \emph{S. aureus} isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would be \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias}{selection bias}.
All isolates with a microbial ID of \code{NA} will be excluded as first isolate.
The functions \code{filter_first_isolate} and \code{filter_first_weighted_isolate} are helper functions to quickly filter on first isolates. The function \code{filter_first_isolate} is essentially equal to:
\preformatted{
x \%>\%
The functions \code{\link[=filter_first_isolate]{filter_first_isolate()}} and \code{\link[=filter_first_weighted_isolate]{filter_first_weighted_isolate()}} are helper functions to quickly filter on first isolates. The function \code{\link[=filter_first_isolate]{filter_first_isolate()}} is essentially equal to:\preformatted{ x \%>\%
mutate(only_firsts = first_isolate(x, ...)) \%>\%
filter(only_firsts == TRUE) \%>\%
select(-only_firsts)
}
The function \code{filter_first_weighted_isolate} is essentially equal to:
\preformatted{
x \%>\%
The function \code{\link[=filter_first_weighted_isolate]{filter_first_weighted_isolate()}} is essentially equal to:\preformatted{ x \%>\%
mutate(keyab = key_antibiotics(.)) \%>\%
mutate(only_weighted_firsts = first_isolate(x,
col_keyantibiotics = "keyab", ...)) \%>\%
@ -91,13 +114,15 @@ The function \code{filter_first_weighted_isolate} is essentially equal to:
}
\section{Key antibiotics}{
There are two ways to determine whether isolates can be included as first \emph{weighted} isolates which will give generally the same results: \cr
There are two ways to determine whether isolates can be included as first \emph{weighted} isolates which will give generally the same results:
\enumerate{
\item Using \code{type = "keyantibiotics"} and parameter \code{ignore_I}
\strong{1. Using} \code{type = "keyantibiotics"} \strong{and parameter} \code{ignore_I} \cr
Any difference from S to R (or vice versa) will (re)select an isolate as a first weighted isolate. With \code{ignore_I = FALSE}, also differences from I to S|R (or vice versa) will lead to this. This is a reliable method and 30-35 times faster than method 2. Read more about this in the \code{\link{key_antibiotics}} function. \cr
Any difference from S to R (or vice versa) will (re)select an isolate as a first weighted isolate. With \code{ignore_I = FALSE}, also differences from I to S|R (or vice versa) will lead to this. This is a reliable method and 30-35 times faster than method 2. Read more about this in the \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}} function.
\item Using \code{type = "points"} and parameter \code{points_threshold}
\strong{2. Using} \code{type = "points"} \strong{and parameter} \code{points_threshold} \cr
A difference from I to S|R (or vice versa) means 0.5 points, a difference from S to R (or vice versa) means 1 point. When the sum of points exceeds \code{points_threshold}, which default to \code{2}, an isolate will be (re)selected as a first weighted isolate.
A difference from I to S|R (or vice versa) means 0.5 points, a difference from S to R (or vice versa) means 1 point. When the sum of points exceeds \code{points_threshold}, which default to \code{2}, an isolate will be (re)selected as a first weighted isolate.
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -158,5 +183,5 @@ x$first_blood_isolate <- first_isolate(x, specimen_group = "Blood")
}
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{key_antibiotics}}
\code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}}
}

51
man/g.test.Rd
View File

@ -4,16 +4,15 @@
\alias{g.test}
\title{\emph{G}-test for Count Data}
\source{
This code is almost identical to \code{\link{chisq.test}}, except that:
The code for this function is identical to that of \code{\link[=chisq.test]{chisq.test()}}, except that:
\itemize{
\item{The calculation of the statistic was changed to \code{2 * sum(x * log(x / E))}}
\item{Yates' continuity correction was removed as it does not apply to a \emph{G}-test}
\item{The possibility to simulate p values with \code{simulate.p.value} was removed}
\item The calculation of the statistic was changed to \eqn{2 * sum(x * log(x / E))}
\item Yates' continuity correction was removed as it does not apply to a \emph{G}-test
\item The possibility to simulate p values with \code{simulate.p.value} was removed
}
}
\usage{
g.test(x, y = NULL, p = rep(1/length(x), length(x)),
rescale.p = FALSE)
g.test(x, y = NULL, p = rep(1/length(x), length(x)), rescale.p = FALSE)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a numeric vector or matrix. \code{x} and \code{y} can also
@ -50,56 +49,54 @@ A list with class \code{"htest"} containing the following
section 2.4.5 for the case where \code{x} is a matrix, \code{n * p * (1 - p)} otherwise).}
}
\description{
\code{g.test} performs chi-squared contingency table tests and goodness-of-fit tests, just like \code{\link{chisq.test}} but is more reliable [1]. A \emph{G}-test can be used to see whether the number of observations in each category fits a theoretical expectation (called a \strong{\emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit}), or to see whether the proportions of one variable are different for different values of the other variable (called a \strong{\emph{G}-test of independence}).
\code{\link[=g.test]{g.test()}} performs chi-squared contingency table tests and goodness-of-fit tests, just like \code{\link[=chisq.test]{chisq.test()}} but is more reliable \link{1}. A \emph{G}-test can be used to see whether the number of observations in each category fits a theoretical expectation (called a \strong{\emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit}), or to see whether the proportions of one variable are different for different values of the other variable (called a \strong{\emph{G}-test of independence}).
}
\details{
If \code{x} is a matrix with one row or column, or if \code{x} is a vector and \code{y} is not given, then a \emph{goodness-of-fit test} is performed (\code{x} is treated as a one-dimensional contingency table). The entries of \code{x} must be non-negative integers. In this case, the hypothesis tested is whether the population probabilities equal those in \code{p}, or are all equal if \code{p} is not given.
If \code{x} is a matrix with at least two rows and columns, it is taken as a two-dimensional contingency table: the entries of \code{x} must be non-negative integers. Otherwise, \code{x} and \code{y} must be vectors or factors of the same length; cases with missing values are removed, the objects are coerced to factors, and the contingency table is computed from these. Then Pearson's chi-squared test is performed of the null hypothesis that the joint distribution of the cell counts in a 2-dimensional contingency table is the product of the row and column marginals.
If \code{x} is a matrix with at least two rows and columns, it is taken as a two-dimensional contingency table: the entries of \code{x} must be non-negative integers. Otherwise, \code{x} and \code{y} must be vectors or factors of the same length; cases with missing values are removed, the objects are coerced to factors, and the contingency table is computed from these. Then Pearson's chi-squared test is performed of the null hypothesis that the joint distribution of the cell counts in a 2-dimensional contingency table is the product of the row and column marginals.
The p-value is computed from the asymptotic chi-squared distribution of the test statistic.
The p-value is computed from the asymptotic chi-squared distribution of the test statistic.
In the contingency table case simulation is done by random sampling from the set of all contingency tables with given marginals, and works only if the marginals are strictly positive. Note that this is not the usual sampling situation assumed for a chi-squared test (like the \emph{G}-test) but rather that for Fisher's exact test.
In the contingency table case simulation is done by random sampling from the set of all contingency tables with given marginals, and works only if the marginals are strictly positive. Note that this is not the usual sampling situation assumed for a chi-squared test (like the \emph{G}-test) but rather that for Fisher's exact test.
In the goodness-of-fit case simulation is done by random sampling from the discrete distribution specified by \code{p}, each sample being of size \code{n = sum(x)}. This simulation is done in \R and may be slow.
}
\section{\emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit (likelihood ratio test)}{
In the goodness-of-fit case simulation is done by random sampling from the discrete distribution specified by \code{p}, each sample being of size \code{n = sum(x)}. This simulation is done in \R and may be slow.
\subsection{\emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit (likelihood ratio test)}{
Use the \emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit when you have one nominal variable with two or more values (such as male and female, or red, pink and white flowers). You compare the observed counts of numbers of observations in each category with the expected counts, which you calculate using some kind of theoretical expectation (such as a 1:1 sex ratio or a 1:2:1 ratio in a genetic cross).
If the expected number of observations in any category is too small, the \emph{G}-test may give inaccurate results, and you should use an exact test instead (\code{\link{fisher.test}}).
If the expected number of observations in any category is too small, the \emph{G}-test may give inaccurate results, and you should use an exact test instead (\code{\link[=fisher.test]{fisher.test()}}).
The \emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit is an alternative to the chi-square test of goodness-of-fit (\code{\link{chisq.test}}); each of these tests has some advantages and some disadvantages, and the results of the two tests are usually very similar.
The \emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit is an alternative to the chi-square test of goodness-of-fit (\code{\link[=chisq.test]{chisq.test()}}); each of these tests has some advantages and some disadvantages, and the results of the two tests are usually very similar.
}
\section{\emph{G}-test of independence}{
\subsection{\emph{G}-test of independence}{
Use the \emph{G}-test of independence when you have two nominal variables, each with two or more possible values. You want to know whether the proportions for one variable are different among values of the other variable.
It is also possible to do a \emph{G}-test of independence with more than two nominal variables. For example, Jackson et al. (2013) also had data for children under 3, so you could do an analysis of old vs. young, thigh vs. arm, and reaction vs. no reaction, all analyzed together.
Fisher's exact test (\code{\link{fisher.test}}) is an \strong{exact} test, where the \emph{G}-test is still only an \strong{approximation}. For any 2x2 table, Fisher's Exact test may be slower but will still run in seconds, even if the sum of your observations is multiple millions.
Fisher's exact test (\code{\link[=fisher.test]{fisher.test()}}) is an \strong{exact} test, where the \emph{G}-test is still only an \strong{approximation}. For any 2x2 table, Fisher's Exact test may be slower but will still run in seconds, even if the sum of your observations is multiple millions.
The \emph{G}-test of independence is an alternative to the chi-square test of independence (\code{\link{chisq.test}}), and they will give approximately the same results.
The \emph{G}-test of independence is an alternative to the chi-square test of independence (\code{\link[=chisq.test]{chisq.test()}}), and they will give approximately the same results.
}
\section{How the test works}{
\subsection{How the test works}{
Unlike the exact test of goodness-of-fit (\code{\link{fisher.test}}), the \emph{G}-test does not directly calculate the probability of obtaining the observed results or something more extreme. Instead, like almost all statistical tests, the \emph{G}-test has an intermediate step; it uses the data to calculate a test statistic that measures how far the observed data are from the null expectation. You then use a mathematical relationship, in this case the chi-square distribution, to estimate the probability of obtaining that value of the test statistic.
Unlike the exact test of goodness-of-fit (\code{\link[=fisher.test]{fisher.test()}}), the \emph{G}-test does not directly calculate the probability of obtaining the observed results or something more extreme. Instead, like almost all statistical tests, the \emph{G}-test has an intermediate step; it uses the data to calculate a test statistic that measures how far the observed data are from the null expectation. You then use a mathematical relationship, in this case the chi-square distribution, to estimate the probability of obtaining that value of the test statistic.
The \emph{G}-test uses the log of the ratio of two likelihoods as the test statistic, which is why it is also called a likelihood ratio test or log-likelihood ratio test. The formula to calculate a \emph{G}-statistic is:
\code{G <- 2 * sum(x * log(x / E))}
\eqn{G = 2 * sum(x * log(x / E))}
where \code{E} are the expected values. Since this is chi-square distributed, the p value can be calculated with:
\code{p <- stats::pchisq(G, df, lower.tail = FALSE)}
where \code{E} are the expected values. Since this is chi-square distributed, the p value can be calculated in \R with:\preformatted{p <- stats::pchisq(G, df, lower.tail = FALSE)
}
where \code{df} are the degrees of freedom.
If there are more than two categories and you want to find out which ones are significantly different from their null expectation, you can use the same method of testing each category vs. the sum of all categories, with the Bonferroni correction. You use \emph{G}-tests for each category, of course.
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html}{a tutorial} about how to conduct AMR analysis, the \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/reference}{complete documentation of all functions} (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html}{an example analysis using WHONET data}.
@ -140,8 +137,8 @@ g.test(x)
}
\references{
[1] McDonald, J.H. 2014. \strong{Handbook of Biological Statistics (3rd ed.)}. Sparky House Publishing, Baltimore, Maryland. \url{http://www.biostathandbook.com/gtestgof.html}.
\link{1} McDonald, J.H. 2014. \strong{Handbook of Biological Statistics (3rd ed.)}. Sparky House Publishing, Baltimore, Maryland. \url{http://www.biostathandbook.com/gtestgof.html}.
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{chisq.test}}
\code{\link[=chisq.test]{chisq.test()}}
}

99
man/ggplot_rsi.Rd
View File

@ -10,36 +10,66 @@
\alias{labels_rsi_count}
\title{AMR plots with \code{ggplot2}}
\usage{
ggplot_rsi(data, position = NULL, x = "antibiotic",
fill = "interpretation", facet = NULL, breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1),
limits = NULL, translate_ab = "name", combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE, language = get_locale(), nrow = NULL,
colours = c(S = "#61a8ff", SI = "#61a8ff", I = "#61f7ff", IR =
"#ff6961", R = "#ff6961"), datalabels = TRUE, datalabels.size = 2.5,
datalabels.colour = "gray15", title = NULL, subtitle = NULL,
caption = NULL, x.title = "Antimicrobial", y.title = "Proportion",
...)
ggplot_rsi(
data,
position = NULL,
x = "antibiotic",
fill = "interpretation",
facet = NULL,
breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1),
limits = NULL,
translate_ab = "name",
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
language = get_locale(),
nrow = NULL,
colours = c(S = "#61a8ff", SI = "#61a8ff", I = "#61f7ff", IR = "#ff6961", R =
"#ff6961"),
datalabels = TRUE,
datalabels.size = 2.5,
datalabels.colour = "gray15",
title = NULL,
subtitle = NULL,
caption = NULL,
x.title = "Antimicrobial",
y.title = "Proportion",
...
)
geom_rsi(position = NULL, x = c("antibiotic", "interpretation"),
fill = "interpretation", translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(), combine_SI = TRUE, combine_IR = FALSE,
...)
geom_rsi(
position = NULL,
x = c("antibiotic", "interpretation"),
fill = "interpretation",
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
...
)
facet_rsi(facet = c("interpretation", "antibiotic"), nrow = NULL)
scale_y_percent(breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1), limits = NULL)
scale_rsi_colours(colours = c(S = "#61a8ff", SI = "#61a8ff", I =
"#61f7ff", IR = "#ff6961", R = "#ff6961"))
scale_rsi_colours(
colours = c(S = "#61a8ff", SI = "#61a8ff", I = "#61f7ff", IR = "#ff6961", R =
"#ff6961")
)
theme_rsi()
labels_rsi_count(position = NULL, x = "antibiotic",
translate_ab = "name", combine_SI = TRUE, combine_IR = FALSE,
datalabels.size = 3, datalabels.colour = "gray15")
labels_rsi_count(
position = NULL,
x = "antibiotic",
translate_ab = "name",
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
datalabels.size = 3,
datalabels.colour = "gray15"
)
}
\arguments{
\item{data}{a \code{data.frame} with column(s) of class \code{"rsi"} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}})}
\item{data}{a \code{\link{data.frame}} with column(s) of class \code{\link{rsi}} (see \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}})}
\item{position}{position adjustment of bars, either \code{"fill"}, \code{"stack"} or \code{"dodge"}}
@ -53,19 +83,19 @@ labels_rsi_count(position = NULL, x = "antibiotic",
\item{limits}{numeric vector of length two providing limits of the scale, use \code{NA} to refer to the existing minimum or maximum}
\item{translate_ab}{a column name of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations to, using \code{\link{ab_property}}}
\item{translate_ab}{a column name of the \link{antibiotics} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations to, using \code{\link[=ab_property]{ab_property()}}}
\item{combine_SI}{a logical to indicate whether all values of S and I must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S+I vs. R (susceptible vs. resistant). This used to be the parameter \code{combine_IR}, but this now follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section 'Interpretation of S, I and R' below. Default is \code{TRUE}.}
\item{combine_IR}{a logical to indicate whether all values of I and R must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S vs. I+R (susceptible vs. non-susceptible). This is outdated, see parameter \code{combine_SI}.}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link[=get_locale]{get_locale()}}) and can also be set with \code{getOption("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{nrow}{(when using \code{facet}) number of rows}
\item{colours}{a named vector with colours for the bars. The names must be one or more of: S, SI, I, IR, R or be \code{FALSE} to use default \code{ggplot2} colours.}
\item{colours}{a named vector with colours for the bars. The names must be one or more of: S, SI, I, IR, R or be \code{FALSE} to use default [ggplot2][\code{\link[ggplot2:ggplot]{ggplot2::ggplot()}} colours.}
\item{datalabels}{show datalabels using \code{labels_rsi_count}}
\item{datalabels}{show datalabels using \code{\link[=labels_rsi_count]{labels_rsi_count()}}}
\item{datalabels.size}{size of the datalabels}
@ -81,28 +111,29 @@ labels_rsi_count(position = NULL, x = "antibiotic",
\item{y.title}{text to show as y axis description}
\item{...}{other parameters passed on to \code{geom_rsi}}
\item{...}{other parameters passed on to \code{\link[=geom_rsi]{geom_rsi()}}}
}
\description{
Use these functions to create bar plots for antimicrobial resistance analysis. All functions rely on internal \code{\link[ggplot2]{ggplot}2} functions.
Use these functions to create bar plots for antimicrobial resistance analysis. All functions rely on internal \link[ggplot2:ggplot]{ggplot2} functions.
}
\details{
At default, the names of antibiotics will be shown on the plots using \code{\link{ab_name}}. This can be set with the \code{translate_ab} parameter. See \code{\link{count_df}}.
At default, the names of antibiotics will be shown on the plots using \code{\link[=ab_name]{ab_name()}}. This can be set with the \code{translate_ab} parameter. See \code{\link[=count_df]{count_df()}}.
\subsection{The functions}{
\strong{The functions}\cr
\code{geom_rsi} will take any variable from the data that has an \code{rsi} class (created with \code{\link{as.rsi}}) using \code{\link{rsi_df}} and will plot bars with the percentage R, I and S. The default behaviour is to have the bars stacked and to have the different antibiotics on the x axis.
\code{\link[=geom_rsi]{geom_rsi()}} will take any variable from the data that has an \code{\link{rsi}} class (created with \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}) using \code{\link[=rsi_df]{rsi_df()}} and will plot bars with the percentage R, I and S. The default behaviour is to have the bars stacked and to have the different antibiotics on the x axis.
\code{facet_rsi} creates 2d plots (at default based on S/I/R) using \code{\link[ggplot2]{facet_wrap}}.
\code{\link[=facet_rsi]{facet_rsi()}} creates 2d plots (at default based on S/I/R) using \code{\link[ggplot2:facet_wrap]{ggplot2::facet_wrap()}}.
\code{scale_y_percent} transforms the y axis to a 0 to 100\% range using \code{\link[ggplot2]{scale_continuous}}.
\code{\link[=scale_y_percent]{scale_y_percent()}} transforms the y axis to a 0 to 100\% range using \code{\link[ggplot2:scale_continuous]{ggplot2::scale_continuous()}}.
\code{scale_rsi_colours} sets colours to the bars: pastel blue for S, pastel turquoise for I and pastel red for R, using \code{\link[ggplot2]{scale_brewer}}.
\code{\link[=scale_rsi_colours]{scale_rsi_colours()}} sets colours to the bars: pastel blue for S, pastel turquoise for I and pastel red for R, using \code{\link[ggplot2:scale_brewer]{ggplot2::scale_brewer()}}.
\code{theme_rsi} is a \code{ggplot \link[ggplot2]{theme}} with minimal distraction.
\code{\link[=theme_rsi]{theme_rsi()}} is a [ggplot2 theme][\code{\link[ggplot2:theme]{ggplot2::theme()}} with minimal distraction.
\code{labels_rsi_count} print datalabels on the bars with percentage and amount of isolates using \code{\link[ggplot2]{geom_text}}
\code{\link[=labels_rsi_count]{labels_rsi_count()}} print datalabels on the bars with percentage and amount of isolates using \code{\link[ggplot2:geom_text]{ggplot2::geom_text()}}
\code{ggplot_rsi} is a wrapper around all above functions that uses data as first input. This makes it possible to use this function after a pipe (\code{\%>\%}). See Examples.
\code{\link[=ggplot_rsi]{ggplot_rsi()}} is a wrapper around all above functions that uses data as first input. This makes it possible to use this function after a pipe (\verb{\%>\%}). See Examples.
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

8
man/guess_ab_col.Rd
View File

@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
guess_ab_col(x = NULL, search_string = NULL, verbose = FALSE)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a \code{data.frame}}
\item{x}{a \code{\link{data.frame}}}
\item{search_string}{a text to search \code{x} for, will be checked with \code{\link{as.ab}} if this value is not a column in \code{x}}
\item{search_string}{a text to search \code{x} for, will be checked with \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}} if this value is not a column in \code{x}}
\item{verbose}{a logical to indicate whether additional info should be printed}
}
@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ guess_ab_col(x = NULL, search_string = NULL, verbose = FALSE)
A column name of \code{x}, or \code{NULL} when no result is found.
}
\description{
This tries to find a column name in a data set based on information from the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set. Also supports WHONET abbreviations.
This tries to find a column name in a data set based on information from the \link{antibiotics} data set. Also supports WHONET abbreviations.
}
\details{
You can look for an antibiotic (trade) name or abbreviation and it will search \code{x} and the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set for any column containing a name or code of that antibiotic. \strong{Longer columns names take precendence over shorter column names.}
You can look for an antibiotic (trade) name or abbreviation and it will search \code{x} and the \link{antibiotics} data set for any column containing a name or code of that antibiotic. \strong{Longer columns names take precendence over shorter column names.}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

10
man/join.Rd
View File

@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
\alias{full_join_microorganisms}
\alias{semi_join_microorganisms}
\alias{anti_join_microorganisms}
\title{Join a table with \code{microorganisms}}
\title{Join a table with \link{microorganisms}}
\usage{
inner_join_microorganisms(x, by = NULL, suffix = c("2", ""), ...)
@ -26,17 +26,17 @@ anti_join_microorganisms(x, by = NULL, ...)
\arguments{
\item{x}{existing table to join, or character vector}
\item{by}{a variable to join by - if left empty will search for a column with class \code{mo} (created with \code{\link{as.mo}}) or will be \code{"mo"} if that column name exists in \code{x}, could otherwise be a column name of \code{x} with values that exist in \code{microorganisms$mo} (like \code{by = "bacteria_id"}), or another column in \code{\link{microorganisms}} (but then it should be named, like \code{by = c("my_genus_species" = "fullname")})}
\item{by}{a variable to join by - if left empty will search for a column with class \code{\link{mo}} (created with \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}) or will be \code{"mo"} if that column name exists in \code{x}, could otherwise be a column name of \code{x} with values that exist in \code{microorganisms$mo} (like \code{by = "bacteria_id"}), or another column in \link{microorganisms} (but then it should be named, like \code{by = c("my_genus_species" = "fullname")})}
\item{suffix}{if there are non-joined duplicate variables in \code{x} and \code{y}, these suffixes will be added to the output to disambiguate them. Should be a character vector of length 2.}
\item{...}{other parameters to pass on to \code{dplyr::\link[dplyr]{join}}.}
\item{...}{other parameters to pass on to \code{\link[dplyr:join]{dplyr::join()}}}
}
\description{
Join the dataset \code{\link{microorganisms}} easily to an existing table or character vector.
Join the data set \link{microorganisms} easily to an existing table or character vector.
}
\details{
\strong{Note:} As opposed to the \code{\link[dplyr]{join}} functions of \code{dplyr}, characters vectors are supported and at default existing columns will get a suffix \code{"2"} and the newly joined columns will not get a suffix. See \code{\link[dplyr]{join}} for more information.
\strong{Note:} As opposed to the \code{\link[dplyr:join]{dplyr::join()}} functions of \code{dplyr}, \code{\link{characters}} vectors are supported and at default existing columns will get a suffix \code{"2"} and the newly joined columns will not get a suffix. See \code{\link[dplyr:join]{dplyr::join()}} for more information.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

107
man/key_antibiotics.Rd
View File

@ -5,36 +5,50 @@
\alias{key_antibiotics_equal}
\title{Key antibiotics for first \emph{weighted} isolates}
\usage{
key_antibiotics(x, col_mo = NULL, universal_1 = guess_ab_col(x,
"amoxicillin"), universal_2 = guess_ab_col(x,
"amoxicillin/clavulanic acid"), universal_3 = guess_ab_col(x,
"cefuroxime"), universal_4 = guess_ab_col(x,
"piperacillin/tazobactam"), universal_5 = guess_ab_col(x,
"ciprofloxacin"), universal_6 = guess_ab_col(x,
"trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole"), GramPos_1 = guess_ab_col(x,
"vancomycin"), GramPos_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "teicoplanin"),
key_antibiotics(
x,
col_mo = NULL,
universal_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "amoxicillin"),
universal_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "amoxicillin/clavulanic acid"),
universal_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "cefuroxime"),
universal_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "piperacillin/tazobactam"),
universal_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "ciprofloxacin"),
universal_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole"),
GramPos_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "vancomycin"),
GramPos_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "teicoplanin"),
GramPos_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "tetracycline"),
GramPos_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "erythromycin"),
GramPos_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "oxacillin"), GramPos_6 = guess_ab_col(x,
"rifampin"), GramNeg_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "gentamicin"),
GramPos_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "oxacillin"),
GramPos_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "rifampin"),
GramNeg_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "gentamicin"),
GramNeg_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "tobramycin"),
GramNeg_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "colistin"), GramNeg_4 = guess_ab_col(x,
"cefotaxime"), GramNeg_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "ceftazidime"),
GramNeg_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "meropenem"), warnings = TRUE, ...)
GramNeg_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "colistin"),
GramNeg_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "cefotaxime"),
GramNeg_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "ceftazidime"),
GramNeg_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "meropenem"),
warnings = TRUE,
...
)
key_antibiotics_equal(y, z, type = c("keyantibiotics", "points"),
ignore_I = TRUE, points_threshold = 2, info = FALSE)
key_antibiotics_equal(
y,
z,
type = c("keyantibiotics", "points"),
ignore_I = TRUE,
points_threshold = 2,
info = FALSE
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{table with antibiotics coloms, like \code{AMX} or \code{amox}}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link{as.mo}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{mo}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{\link{mo}}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.}
\item{universal_1, universal_2, universal_3, universal_4, universal_5, universal_6}{column names of \strong{broad-spectrum} antibiotics, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}}.}
\item{universal_1, universal_2, universal_3, universal_4, universal_5, universal_6}{column names of \strong{broad-spectrum} antibiotics, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link[=guess_ab_col]{guess_ab_col()}}.}
\item{GramPos_1, GramPos_2, GramPos_3, GramPos_4, GramPos_5, GramPos_6}{column names of antibiotics for \strong{Gram-positives}, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}}.}
\item{GramPos_1, GramPos_2, GramPos_3, GramPos_4, GramPos_5, GramPos_6}{column names of antibiotics for \strong{Gram-positives}, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link[=guess_ab_col]{guess_ab_col()}}.}
\item{GramNeg_1, GramNeg_2, GramNeg_3, GramNeg_4, GramNeg_5, GramNeg_6}{column names of antibiotics for \strong{Gram-negatives}, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}}.}
\item{GramNeg_1, GramNeg_2, GramNeg_3, GramNeg_4, GramNeg_5, GramNeg_6}{column names of antibiotics for \strong{Gram-negatives}, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link[=guess_ab_col]{guess_ab_col()}}.}
\item{warnings}{give warning about missing antibiotic columns, they will anyway be ignored}
@ -51,29 +65,56 @@ key_antibiotics_equal(y, z, type = c("keyantibiotics", "points"),
\item{info}{print progress}
}
\description{
These function can be used to determine first isolates (see \code{\link{first_isolate}}). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates will then be called first \emph{weighted} isolates.
These function can be used to determine first isolates (see \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}}). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates will then be called first \emph{weighted} isolates.
}
\details{
The function \code{key_antibiotics} returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using \code{key_antibiotics_equal}, to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (\code{"."}). The \code{\link{first_isolate}} function only uses this function on the same microbial species from the same patient. Using this, an MRSA will be included after a susceptible \emph{S. aureus} (MSSA) found within the same episode (see \code{episode} parameter of \code{\link{first_isolate}}). Without key antibiotic comparison it would not.
The function \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}} returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using \code{\link[=key_antibiotics_equal]{key_antibiotics_equal()}}, to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (\code{"."}). The \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}} function only uses this function on the same microbial species from the same patient. Using this, an MRSA will be included after a susceptible \emph{S. aureus} (MSSA) found within the same episode (see \code{episode} parameter of \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}}). Without key antibiotic comparison it would not.
At default, the antibiotics that are used for \strong{Gram-positive bacteria} are: \cr
amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (until here is universal), vancomycin, teicoplanin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxacillin, rifampin.
At default, the antibiotics that are used for \strong{Gram-positive bacteria} are:
\itemize{
\item Amoxicillin
\item Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
\item Cefuroxime
\item Piperacillin/tazobactam
\item Ciprofloxacin
\item Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
\item Vancomycin
\item Teicoplanin
\item Tetracycline
\item Erythromycin
\item Oxacillin
\item Rifampin
}
At default, the antibiotics that are used for \strong{Gram-negative bacteria} are: \cr
amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (until here is universal), gentamicin, tobramycin, colistin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, meropenem.
At default the antibiotics that are used for \strong{Gram-negative bacteria} are:
\itemize{
\item Amoxicillin
\item Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
\item Cefuroxime
\item Piperacillin/tazobactam
\item Ciprofloxacin
\item Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
\item Gentamicin
\item Tobramycin
\item Colistin
\item Cefotaxime
\item Ceftazidime
\item Meropenem
}
The function \code{key_antibiotics_equal} checks the characters returned by \code{key_antibiotics} for equality, and returns a logical vector.
The function \code{\link[=key_antibiotics_equal]{key_antibiotics_equal()}} checks the characters returned by \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}} for equality, and returns a \code{\link{logical}} vector.
}
\section{Key antibiotics}{
There are two ways to determine whether isolates can be included as first \emph{weighted} isolates which will give generally the same results: \cr
There are two ways to determine whether isolates can be included as first \emph{weighted} isolates which will give generally the same results:
\enumerate{
\item Using \code{type = "keyantibiotics"} and parameter \code{ignore_I}
\strong{1. Using} \code{type = "keyantibiotics"} \strong{and parameter} \code{ignore_I} \cr
Any difference from S to R (or vice versa) will (re)select an isolate as a first weighted isolate. With \code{ignore_I = FALSE}, also differences from I to S|R (or vice versa) will lead to this. This is a reliable method and 30-35 times faster than method 2. Read more about this in the \code{\link{key_antibiotics}} function. \cr
Any difference from S to R (or vice versa) will (re)select an isolate as a first weighted isolate. With \code{ignore_I = FALSE}, also differences from I to S|R (or vice versa) will lead to this. This is a reliable method and 30-35 times faster than method 2. Read more about this in the \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}} function.
\item Using \code{type = "points"} and parameter \code{points_threshold}
\strong{2. Using} \code{type = "points"} \strong{and parameter} \code{points_threshold} \cr
A difference from I to S|R (or vice versa) means 0.5 points, a difference from S to R (or vice versa) means 1 point. When the sum of points exceeds \code{points_threshold}, which default to \code{2}, an isolate will be (re)selected as a first weighted isolate.
A difference from I to S|R (or vice versa) means 0.5 points, a difference from S to R (or vice versa) means 1 point. When the sum of points exceeds \code{points_threshold}, which default to \code{2}, an isolate will be (re)selected as a first weighted isolate.
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -112,5 +153,5 @@ key_antibiotics_equal(strainA, strainB, ignore_I = FALSE)
# FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th value differs
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{first_isolate}}
\code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}}
}

4
man/kurtosis.Rd
View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ kurtosis(x, na.rm = FALSE)
\method{kurtosis}{data.frame}(x, na.rm = FALSE)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a vector of values, a \code{matrix} or a \code{data frame}}
\item{x}{a vector of values, a \code{\link{matrix}} or a \code{\link{data frame}}}
\item{na.rm}{a logical value indicating whether \code{NA} values should be stripped before the computation proceeds.}
}
@ -29,5 +29,5 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{skewness}}
\code{\link[=skewness]{skewness()}}
}

14
man/like.Rd
View File

@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ x \%like_case\% pattern
\arguments{
\item{x}{a character vector where matches are sought, or an
object which can be coerced by \code{as.character} to a character
vector. \link{Long vectors} are supported.}
vector. \link[base]{Long vectors} are supported.}
\item{pattern}{character string containing a \link{regular expression}
\item{pattern}{character string containing a \link[base]{regular expression}
(or character string for \code{fixed = TRUE}) to be matched
in the given character vector. Coerced by
\code{\link{as.character}} to a character string if possible. If a
\code{\link[base]{as.character}} to a character string if possible. If a
character vector of length 2 or more is supplied, the first element
is used with a warning. Missing values are allowed except for
\code{regexpr} and \code{gregexpr}.}
@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ x \%like_case\% pattern
sensitive} and if \code{TRUE}, case is ignored during matching.}
}
\value{
A \code{logical} vector
A \code{\link{logical}} vector
}
\description{
Convenient wrapper around \code{\link[base]{grep}} to match a pattern: \code{a \%like\% b}. It always returns a \code{logical} vector and is always case-insensitive (use \code{a \%like_case\% b} for case-sensitive matching). Also, \code{pattern} (\code{b}) can be as long as \code{x} (\code{a}) to compare items of each index in both vectors, or can both have the same length to iterate over all cases.
Convenient wrapper around \code{\link[base:grep]{base::grep()}} to match a pattern: \code{a \%like\% b}. It always returns a \code{\link{logical}} vector and is always case-insensitive (use \code{a \%like_case\% b} for case-sensitive matching). Also, \code{pattern} (\emph{b}) can be as long as \code{x} (\emph{a}) to compare items of each index in both vectors, or can both have the same length to iterate over all cases.
}
\details{
Using RStudio? This function can also be inserted from the Addins menu and can have its own Keyboard Shortcut like Ctrl+Shift+L or Cmd+Shift+L (see Tools > Modify Keyboard Shortcuts...).
Using RStudio? This function can also be inserted from the Addins menu and can have its own Keyboard Shortcut like \code{Ctrl+Shift+L} or \code{Cmd+Shift+L} (see \code{Tools} > \verb{Modify Keyboard Shortcuts...}).
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -67,5 +67,5 @@ example_isolates \%>\%
freq(mo_fullname(mo))
}
\seealso{
\code{\link[base]{grep}}
\code{\link[base:grep]{base::grep()}}
}

225
man/mdro.Rd
View File

@ -15,12 +15,19 @@
\alias{eucast_exceptional_phenotypes}
\title{Determine multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)}
\source{
Please see Details for the list of publications used for this function.
Please see \emph{Details} for the list of publications used for this function.
}
\usage{
mdro(x, guideline = NULL, col_mo = NULL, info = TRUE,
pct_required_classes = 0.5, combine_SI = TRUE, verbose = FALSE,
...)
mdro(
x,
guideline = "CMI2012",
col_mo = NULL,
info = TRUE,
pct_required_classes = 0.5,
combine_SI = TRUE,
verbose = FALSE,
...
)
brmo(x, guideline = "BRMO", ...)
@ -35,26 +42,30 @@ eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(x, guideline = "EUCAST", ...)
\arguments{
\item{x}{data with antibiotic columns, like e.g. \code{AMX} and \code{AMC}}
\item{guideline}{a specific guideline to follow. When left empty, the publication by Magiorakos \emph{et al.} (2012, Clinical Microbiology and Infection) will be followed, see Details.}
\item{guideline}{a specific guideline to follow. When left empty, the publication by Magiorakos \emph{et al.} (2012, Clinical Microbiology and Infection) will be followed, please see \emph{Details}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link{as.mo}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{mo}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{\link{mo}}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.}
\item{info}{print progress}
\item{info}{a logical to indicate whether progress should be printed to the console}
\item{pct_required_classes}{minimal required percentage of antimicrobial classes that must be available per isolate, rounded down. For example, with the default guideline, 17 antimicrobial classes must be available for \emph{S. aureus}. Setting this \code{pct_required_classes} argument to \code{0.5} (default) means that for every \emph{S. aureus} isolate at least 8 different classes must be available. Any lower number of available classes will return \code{NA} for that isolate.}
\item{combine_SI}{a logical to indicate whether all values of S and I must be merged into one, so resistance is only considered when isolates are R, not I. As this is the default behaviour of the \code{mdro()} function, it follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section 'Interpretation of S, I and R' below. When using \code{combine_SI = FALSE}, resistance is considered when isolates are R or I.}
\item{combine_SI}{a logical to indicate whether all values of S and I must be merged into one, so resistance is only considered when isolates are R, not I. As this is the default behaviour of the \code{\link[=mdro]{mdro()}} function, it follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section 'Interpretation of S, I and R' below. When using \code{combine_SI = FALSE}, resistance is considered when isolates are R or I.}
\item{verbose}{a logical to turn Verbose mode on and off (default is off). In Verbose mode, the function does not return the MDRO results, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which isolates would be MDRO-positive, or why they are not.}
\item{...}{column name of an antibiotic, see section Antibiotics}
\item{...}{column name of an antibiotic, please see section \emph{Antibiotics} below}
}
\value{
\itemize{
\item{CMI 2012 paper - function \code{mdr_cmi2012()} or \code{mdro()}:\cr Ordered factor with levels \code{Negative < Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) < Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) < Pandrug-resistant (PDR)}}
\item{TB guideline - function \code{mdr_tb()} or \code{mdro(..., guideline = "TB")}:\cr Ordered factor with levels \code{Negative < Mono-resistant < Poly-resistant < Multi-drug-resistant < Extensively drug-resistant}}
\item{German guideline - function \code{mrgn()} or \code{mdro(..., guideline = "MRGN")}:\cr Ordered factor with levels \code{Negative < 3MRGN < 4MRGN}}
\item{Everything else:\cr Ordered factor with levels \code{Negative < Positive, unconfirmed < Positive}. The value \code{"Positive, unconfirmed"} means that, according to the guideline, it is not entirely sure if the isolate is multi-drug resistant and this should be confirmed with additional (e.g. molecular) tests}
\item CMI 2012 paper - function \code{\link[=mdr_cmi2012]{mdr_cmi2012()}} or \code{\link[=mdro]{mdro()}}:\cr
Ordered \code{\link{factor}} with levels \code{Negative} < \code{Multi-drug-resistant (MDR)} < \verb{Extensively drug-resistant (XDR)} < \code{Pandrug-resistant (PDR)}
\item TB guideline - function \code{\link[=mdr_tb]{mdr_tb()}} or \code{\link[=mdro]{mdro(..., guideline = "TB")}}:\cr
Ordered \code{\link{factor}} with levels \code{Negative} < \code{Mono-resistant} < \code{Poly-resistant} < \code{Multi-drug-resistant} < \verb{Extensively drug-resistant}
\item German guideline - function \code{\link[=mrgn]{mrgn()}} or \code{\link[=mdro]{mdro(..., guideline = "MRGN")}}:\cr
Ordered \code{\link{factor}} with levels \code{Negative} < \verb{3MRGN} < \verb{4MRGN}
\item Everything else:\cr
Ordered \code{\link{factor}} with levels \code{Negative} < \verb{Positive, unconfirmed} < \code{Positive}. The value \code{"Positive, unconfirmed"} means that, according to the guideline, it is not entirely sure if the isolate is multi-drug resistant and this should be confirmed with additional (e.g. molecular) tests
}
}
\description{
@ -65,117 +76,121 @@ For the \code{pct_required_classes} argument, values above 1 will be divided by
Currently supported guidelines are (case-insensitive):
\itemize{
\item{\code{guideline = "CMI2012"}: Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A \emph{et al.} "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) (\href{https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext}{link})}
\item{\code{guideline = "EUCAST"}: The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (\href{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}{link})}
\item{\code{guideline = "TB"}: The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" (\href{https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/}{link})}
\item{\code{guideline = "MRGN"}: The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6}
\item{\code{guideline = "BRMO"}: The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) [ZKH]" (\href{https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH}{link})}
\item \code{guideline = "CMI2012"}\cr
Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A \emph{et al.} "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) (\href{https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext}{link})
\item \code{guideline = "EUCAST"}\cr
The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (\href{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}{link})
\item \code{guideline = "TB"}\cr
The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" (\href{https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/}{link})
\item \code{guideline = "MRGN"}\cr
The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6
\item \code{guideline = "BRMO"}\cr
The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) \link{ZKH}" (\href{https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH}{link})
}
Please suggest your own (country-specific) guidelines by letting us know: \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new}.
\strong{Note:} Every test that involves the Enterobacteriaceae family, will internally be performed using its newly named order Enterobacterales, since the Enterobacteriaceae family has been taxonomically reclassified by Adeolu \emph{et al.} in 2016. Before that, Enterobacteriaceae was the only family under the Enterobacteriales (with an i) order. All species under the old Enterobacteriaceae family are still under the new Enterobacterales (without an i) order, but divided into multiple families. The way tests are performed now by this \code{mdro()} function makes sure that results from before 2016 and after 2016 are identical.
\strong{Note:} Every test that involves the Enterobacteriaceae family, will internally be performed using its newly named order Enterobacterales, since the Enterobacteriaceae family has been taxonomically reclassified by Adeolu \emph{et al.} in 2016. Before that, Enterobacteriaceae was the only family under the Enterobacteriales (with an i) order. All species under the old Enterobacteriaceae family are still under the new Enterobacterales (without an i) order, but divided into multiple families. The way tests are performed now by this \code{\link[=mdro]{mdro()}} function makes sure that results from before 2016 and after 2016 are identical.
}
\section{Antibiotics}{
To define antibiotics column names, leave as it is to determine it automatically with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}} or input a text (case-insensitive), or use \code{NULL} to skip a column (e.g. \code{TIC = NULL} to skip ticarcillin). Manually defined but non-existing columns will be skipped with a warning.
To define antibiotics column names, leave as it is to determine it automatically with \code{\link[=guess_ab_col]{guess_ab_col()}} or input a text (case-insensitive), or use \code{NULL} to skip a column (e.g. \code{TIC = NULL} to skip ticarcillin). Manually defined but non-existing columns will be skipped with a warning.
The following antibiotics are used for the functions \code{\link{eucast_rules}} and \code{\link{mdro}}. These are shown below in the format '\strong{antimicrobial ID}: name (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/}{ATC code})', sorted by name:
The following antibiotics are used for the functions \code{\link[=eucast_rules]{eucast_rules()}} and \code{\link[=mdro]{mdro()}}. These are shown below in the format '\strong{antimicrobial ID}: name (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/}{ATC code})', sorted by name:
\strong{AMK}: amikacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB06}{J01GB06}),
\strong{AMX}: amoxicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA04}{J01CA04}),
\strong{AMC}: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR02}{J01CR02}),
\strong{AMP}: ampicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA01}{J01CA01}),
\strong{SAM}: ampicillin/sulbactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR01}{J01CR01}),
\strong{AZM}: azithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA10}{J01FA10}),
\strong{AZL}: azlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA09}{J01CA09}),
\strong{ATM}: aztreonam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DF01}{J01DF01}),
\strong{CAP}: capreomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB30}{J04AB30}),
\strong{RID}: cefaloridine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB02}{J01DB02}),
\strong{CZO}: cefazolin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB04}{J01DB04}),
\strong{FEP}: cefepime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DE01}{J01DE01}),
\strong{CTX}: cefotaxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD01}{J01DD01}),
\strong{CTT}: cefotetan (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC05}{J01DC05}),
\strong{FOX}: cefoxitin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC01}{J01DC01}),
\strong{CPT}: ceftaroline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DI02}{J01DI02}),
\strong{CAZ}: ceftazidime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD02}{J01DD02}),
\strong{CRO}: ceftriaxone (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD04}{J01DD04}),
\strong{CXM}: cefuroxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC02}{J01DC02}),
\strong{CED}: cephradine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB09}{J01DB09}),
\strong{CHL}: chloramphenicol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01BA01}{J01BA01}),
\strong{CIP}: ciprofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA02}{J01MA02}),
\strong{CLR}: clarithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA09}{J01FA09}),
\strong{CLI}: clindamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF01}{J01FF01}),
\strong{COL}: colistin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB01}{J01XB01}),
\strong{DAP}: daptomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX09}{J01XX09}),
\strong{DOR}: doripenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH04}{J01DH04}),
\strong{DOX}: doxycycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA02}{J01AA02}),
\strong{ETP}: ertapenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH03}{J01DH03}),
\strong{ERY}: erythromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA01}{J01FA01}),
\strong{ETH}: ethambutol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK02}{J04AK02}),
\strong{FLC}: flucloxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF05}{J01CF05}),
\strong{FOS}: fosfomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX01}{J01XX01}),
\strong{FUS}: fusidic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XC01}{J01XC01}),
\strong{GAT}: gatifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA16}{J01MA16}),
\strong{GEN}: gentamicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB03}{J01GB03}),
\strong{GEH}: gentamicin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{IPM}: imipenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH51}{J01DH51}),
\strong{INH}: isoniazid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AC01}{J04AC01}),
\strong{KAN}: kanamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB04}{J01GB04}),
\strong{LVX}: levofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA12}{J01MA12}),
\strong{LIN}: lincomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF02}{J01FF02}),
\strong{LNZ}: linezolid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX08}{J01XX08}),
\strong{MEM}: meropenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH02}{J01DH02}),
\strong{MTR}: metronidazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XD01}{J01XD01}),
\strong{MEZ}: mezlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA10}{J01CA10}),
\strong{MNO}: minocycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA08}{J01AA08}),
\strong{MFX}: moxifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA14}{J01MA14}),
\strong{NAL}: nalidixic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MB02}{J01MB02}),
\strong{NEO}: neomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB05}{J01GB05}),
\strong{NET}: netilmicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB07}{J01GB07}),
\strong{NIT}: nitrofurantoin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XE01}{J01XE01}),
\strong{NOR}: norfloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA06}{J01MA06}),
\strong{NOV}: novobiocin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=QJ01XX95}{QJ01XX95}),
\strong{OFX}: ofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA01}{J01MA01}),
\strong{OXA}: oxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF04}{J01CF04}),
\strong{PEN}: penicillin G (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01}{J01CE01}),
\strong{PIP}: piperacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA12}{J01CA12}),
\strong{TZP}: piperacillin/tazobactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR05}{J01CR05}),
\strong{PLB}: polymyxin B (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB02}{J01XB02}),
\strong{PRI}: pristinamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG01}{J01FG01}),
\strong{PZA}: pyrazinamide (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK01}{J04AK01}),
\strong{QDA}: quinupristin/dalfopristin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG02}{J01FG02}),
\strong{RIB}: rifabutin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB04}{J04AB04}),
\strong{RIF}: rifampicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB02}{J04AB02}),
\strong{RFP}: rifapentine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB05}{J04AB05}),
\strong{RXT}: roxithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA06}{J01FA06}),
\strong{SIS}: sisomicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB08}{J01GB08}),
\strong{STH}: streptomycin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{TEC}: teicoplanin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA02}{J01XA02}),
\strong{TLV}: telavancin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA03}{J01XA03}),
\strong{TCY}: tetracycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA07}{J01AA07}),
\strong{TIC}: ticarcillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA13}{J01CA13}),
\strong{TCC}: ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR03}{J01CR03}),
\strong{TGC}: tigecycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA12}{J01AA12}),
\strong{TOB}: tobramycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB01}{J01GB01}),
\strong{TMP}: trimethoprim (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EA01}{J01EA01}),
\strong{SXT}: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EE01}{J01EE01}),
\strong{VAN}: vancomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA01}{J01XA01}).
\strong{AMK}: amikacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB06}{J01GB06}),
\strong{AMX}: amoxicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA04}{J01CA04}),
\strong{AMC}: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR02}{J01CR02}),
\strong{AMP}: ampicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA01}{J01CA01}),
\strong{SAM}: ampicillin/sulbactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR01}{J01CR01}),
\strong{AZM}: azithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA10}{J01FA10}),
\strong{AZL}: azlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA09}{J01CA09}),
\strong{ATM}: aztreonam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DF01}{J01DF01}),
\strong{CAP}: capreomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB30}{J04AB30}),
\strong{RID}: cefaloridine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB02}{J01DB02}),
\strong{CZO}: cefazolin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB04}{J01DB04}),
\strong{FEP}: cefepime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DE01}{J01DE01}),
\strong{CTX}: cefotaxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD01}{J01DD01}),
\strong{CTT}: cefotetan (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC05}{J01DC05}),
\strong{FOX}: cefoxitin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC01}{J01DC01}),
\strong{CPT}: ceftaroline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DI02}{J01DI02}),
\strong{CAZ}: ceftazidime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD02}{J01DD02}),
\strong{CRO}: ceftriaxone (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD04}{J01DD04}),
\strong{CXM}: cefuroxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC02}{J01DC02}),
\strong{CED}: cephradine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB09}{J01DB09}),
\strong{CHL}: chloramphenicol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01BA01}{J01BA01}),
\strong{CIP}: ciprofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA02}{J01MA02}),
\strong{CLR}: clarithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA09}{J01FA09}),
\strong{CLI}: clindamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF01}{J01FF01}),
\strong{COL}: colistin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB01}{J01XB01}),
\strong{DAP}: daptomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX09}{J01XX09}),
\strong{DOR}: doripenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH04}{J01DH04}),
\strong{DOX}: doxycycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA02}{J01AA02}),
\strong{ETP}: ertapenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH03}{J01DH03}),
\strong{ERY}: erythromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA01}{J01FA01}),
\strong{ETH}: ethambutol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK02}{J04AK02}),
\strong{FLC}: flucloxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF05}{J01CF05}),
\strong{FOS}: fosfomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX01}{J01XX01}),
\strong{FUS}: fusidic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XC01}{J01XC01}),
\strong{GAT}: gatifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA16}{J01MA16}),
\strong{GEN}: gentamicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB03}{J01GB03}),
\strong{GEH}: gentamicin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{IPM}: imipenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH51}{J01DH51}),
\strong{INH}: isoniazid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AC01}{J04AC01}),
\strong{KAN}: kanamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB04}{J01GB04}),
\strong{LVX}: levofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA12}{J01MA12}),
\strong{LIN}: lincomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF02}{J01FF02}),
\strong{LNZ}: linezolid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX08}{J01XX08}),
\strong{MEM}: meropenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH02}{J01DH02}),
\strong{MTR}: metronidazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XD01}{J01XD01}),
\strong{MEZ}: mezlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA10}{J01CA10}),
\strong{MNO}: minocycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA08}{J01AA08}),
\strong{MFX}: moxifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA14}{J01MA14}),
\strong{NAL}: nalidixic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MB02}{J01MB02}),
\strong{NEO}: neomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB05}{J01GB05}),
\strong{NET}: netilmicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB07}{J01GB07}),
\strong{NIT}: nitrofurantoin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XE01}{J01XE01}),
\strong{NOR}: norfloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA06}{J01MA06}),
\strong{NOV}: novobiocin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=QJ01XX95}{QJ01XX95}),
\strong{OFX}: ofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA01}{J01MA01}),
\strong{OXA}: oxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF04}{J01CF04}),
\strong{PEN}: penicillin G (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01}{J01CE01}),
\strong{PIP}: piperacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA12}{J01CA12}),
\strong{TZP}: piperacillin/tazobactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR05}{J01CR05}),
\strong{PLB}: polymyxin B (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB02}{J01XB02}),
\strong{PRI}: pristinamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG01}{J01FG01}),
\strong{PZA}: pyrazinamide (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK01}{J04AK01}),
\strong{QDA}: quinupristin/dalfopristin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG02}{J01FG02}),
\strong{RIB}: rifabutin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB04}{J04AB04}),
\strong{RIF}: rifampicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB02}{J04AB02}),
\strong{RFP}: rifapentine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB05}{J04AB05}),
\strong{RXT}: roxithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA06}{J01FA06}),
\strong{SIS}: sisomicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB08}{J01GB08}),
\strong{STH}: streptomycin-high (no ATC code),
\strong{TEC}: teicoplanin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA02}{J01XA02}),
\strong{TLV}: telavancin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA03}{J01XA03}),
\strong{TCY}: tetracycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA07}{J01AA07}),
\strong{TIC}: ticarcillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA13}{J01CA13}),
\strong{TCC}: ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR03}{J01CR03}),
\strong{TGC}: tigecycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA12}{J01AA12}),
\strong{TOB}: tobramycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB01}{J01GB01}),
\strong{TMP}: trimethoprim (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EA01}{J01EA01}),
\strong{SXT}: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EE01}{J01EE01}),
\strong{VAN}: vancomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA01}{J01XA01}).
}
\section{Interpretation of S, I and R}{
In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories S, I and R as shown below (\url{http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/}). Results of several consultations on the new definitions are available on the EUCAST website under "Consultations".
\itemize{
\item{\strong{S} - }{Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.}
\item{\strong{I} - }{Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.}
\item{\strong{R} - }{Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.}
\item \strong{S} - Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.
\item \strong{I} - Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.
\item \strong{R} - Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.
}
Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link{susceptibility}()} (equal to \code{\link{proportion_SI}()}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link{count_susceptible}()} (equal to \code{\link{count_SI}()}) to count susceptible isolates.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} (equal to \code{\link[=proportion_SI]{proportion_SI()}}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link[=count_susceptible]{count_susceptible()}} (equal to \code{\link[=count_SI]{count_SI()}}) to count susceptible isolates.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

44
man/microorganisms.Rd
View File

@ -5,38 +5,38 @@
\alias{microorganisms}
\title{Data set with ~70,000 microorganisms}
\format{A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 69,447 observations and 16 variables:
\describe{
\item{\code{mo}}{ID of microorganism as used by this package}
\item{\code{col_id}}{Catalogue of Life ID}
\item{\code{fullname}}{Full name, like \code{"Escherichia coli"}}
\item{\code{kingdom}, \code{phylum}, \code{class}, \code{order}, \code{family}, \code{genus}, \code{species}, \code{subspecies}}{Taxonomic rank of the microorganism}
\item{\code{rank}}{Text of the taxonomic rank of the microorganism, like \code{"species"} or \code{"genus"}}
\item{\code{ref}}{Author(s) and year of concerning scientific publication}
\item{\code{species_id}}{ID of the species as used by the Catalogue of Life}
\item{\code{source}}{Either "CoL", "DSMZ" (see Source) or "manually added"}
\item{\code{prevalence}}{Prevalence of the microorganism, see \code{?as.mo}}
\itemize{
\item \code{mo}\cr ID of microorganism as used by this package
\item \code{col_id}\cr Catalogue of Life ID
\item \code{fullname}\cr Full name, like \code{"Escherichia coli"}
\item \code{kingdom}, \code{phylum}, \code{class}, \code{order}, \code{family}, \code{genus}, \code{species}, \code{subspecies}\cr Taxonomic rank of the microorganism
\item \code{rank}\cr Text of the taxonomic rank of the microorganism, like \code{"species"} or \code{"genus"}
\item \code{ref}\cr Author(s) and year of concerning scientific publication
\item \code{species_id}\cr ID of the species as used by the Catalogue of Life
\item \code{source}\cr Either "CoL", "DSMZ" (see Source) or "manually added"
\item \code{prevalence}\cr Prevalence of the microorganism, see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}
}}
\source{
Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}).
Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Germany, Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-Date, \url{http://www.dsmz.de/bacterial-diversity/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date} (check included version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Germany, Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-Date, \url{http://www.dsmz.de/bacterial-diversity/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date} (check included version with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}).
}
\usage{
microorganisms
}
\description{
A data set containing the microbial taxonomy of six kingdoms from the Catalogue of Life. MO codes can be looked up using \code{\link{as.mo}}.
A data set containing the microbial taxonomy of six kingdoms from the Catalogue of Life. MO codes can be looked up using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.
}
\details{
Manually added were:
\itemize{
\item{11 entries of \emph{Streptococcus} (beta-haemolytic: groups A, B, C, D, F, G, H, K and unspecified; other: viridans, milleri)}
\item{2 entries of \emph{Staphylococcus} (coagulase-negative [CoNS] and coagulase-positive [CoPS])}
\item{3 entries of \emph{Trichomonas} (\emph{Trichomonas vaginalis}, and its family and genus)}
\item{1 entry of \emph{Blastocystis} (\emph{Blastocystis hominis}), although it officially does not exist (Noel \emph{et al.} 2005, PMID 15634993)}
\item{5 other 'undefined' entries (unknown, unknown Gram negatives, unknown Gram positives, unknown yeast and unknown fungus)}
\item{6 families under the Enterobacterales order, according to Adeolu \emph{et al.} (2016, PMID 27620848), that are not in the Catalogue of Life}
\item{12,600 species from the DSMZ (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen) since the DSMZ contain the latest taxonomic information based on recent publications}
\item 11 entries of \emph{Streptococcus} (beta-haemolytic: groups A, B, C, D, F, G, H, K and unspecified; other: viridans, milleri)
\item 2 entries of \emph{Staphylococcus} (coagulase-negative \link{CoNS} and coagulase-positive \link{CoPS})
\item 3 entries of \emph{Trichomonas} (\emph{Trichomonas vaginalis}, and its family and genus)
\item 1 entry of \emph{Blastocystis} (\emph{Blastocystis hominis}), although it officially does not exist (Noel \emph{et al.} 2005, PMID 15634993)
\item 5 other 'undefined' entries (unknown, unknown Gram negatives, unknown Gram positives, unknown yeast and unknown fungus)
\item 6 families under the Enterobacterales order, according to Adeolu \emph{et al.} (2016, PMID 27620848), that are not in the Catalogue of Life
\item 12,600 species from the DSMZ (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen) since the DSMZ contain the latest taxonomic information based on recent publications
}
}
\section{About the records from DSMZ (see source)}{
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ From: \url{https://www.dsmz.de/support/bacterial-nomenclature-up-to-date-downloa
\if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -60,6 +60,6 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{as.mo}}, \code{\link{mo_property}}, \code{\link{microorganisms.codes}}
\code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}, \code{\link[=mo_property]{mo_property()}}, \link{microorganisms.codes}
}
\keyword{datasets}

12
man/microorganisms.codes.Rd
View File

@ -5,22 +5,22 @@
\alias{microorganisms.codes}
\title{Translation table for common microorganism codes}
\format{A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 5,433 observations and 2 variables:
\describe{
\item{\code{code}}{Commonly used code of a microorganism}
\item{\code{mo}}{ID of the microorganism in the \code{\link{microorganisms}} data set}
\itemize{
\item \code{code}\cr Commonly used code of a microorganism
\item \code{mo}\cr ID of the microorganism in the \link{microorganisms} data set
}}
\usage{
microorganisms.codes
}
\description{
A data set containing commonly used codes for microorganisms, from laboratory systems and WHONET. Define your own with \code{\link{set_mo_source}}.
A data set containing commonly used codes for microorganisms, from laboratory systems and WHONET. Define your own with \code{\link[=set_mo_source]{set_mo_source()}}.
}
\section{Catalogue of Life}{
\if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -29,6 +29,6 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{as.mo}} \code{\link{microorganisms}}
\code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} \link{microorganisms}
}
\keyword{datasets}

20
man/microorganisms.old.Rd
View File

@ -5,28 +5,28 @@
\alias{microorganisms.old}
\title{Data set with previously accepted taxonomic names}
\format{A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 24,246 observations and 5 variables:
\describe{
\item{\code{col_id}}{Catalogue of Life ID that was originally given}
\item{\code{col_id_new}}{New Catalogue of Life ID that responds to an entry in the \code{\link{microorganisms}} data set}
\item{\code{fullname}}{Old full taxonomic name of the microorganism}
\item{\code{ref}}{Author(s) and year of concerning scientific publication}
\item{\code{prevalence}}{Prevalence of the microorganism, see \code{?as.mo}}
\itemize{
\item \code{col_id}\cr Catalogue of Life ID that was originally given
\item \code{col_id_new}\cr New Catalogue of Life ID that responds to an entry in the \link{microorganisms} data set
\item \code{fullname}\cr Old full taxonomic name of the microorganism
\item \code{ref}\cr Author(s) and year of concerning scientific publication
\item \code{prevalence}\cr Prevalence of the microorganism, see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}
}}
\source{
Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}).
}
\usage{
microorganisms.old
}
\description{
A data set containing old (previously valid or accepted) taxonomic names according to the Catalogue of Life. This data set is used internally by \code{\link{as.mo}}.
A data set containing old (previously valid or accepted) taxonomic names according to the Catalogue of Life. This data set is used internally by \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.
}
\section{Catalogue of Life}{
\if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -35,6 +35,6 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{as.mo}} \code{\link{mo_property}} \code{\link{microorganisms}}
\code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} \code{\link[=mo_property]{mo_property()}} \link{microorganisms}
}
\keyword{datasets}

51
man/mo_property.Rd
View File

@ -70,58 +70,57 @@ mo_url(x, open = FALSE, ...)
mo_property(x, property = "fullname", language = get_locale(), ...)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with \code{\link{as.mo}}}
\item{x}{any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link[=get_locale]{get_locale()}}) and can also be set with \code{getOption("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{...}{other parameters passed on to \code{\link{as.mo}}}
\item{...}{other parameters passed on to \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}}
\item{open}{browse the URL using \code{\link[utils]{browseURL}()}}
\item{open}{browse the URL using \code{\link[utils:browseURL]{utils::browseURL()}}}
\item{property}{one of the column names of the \code{\link{microorganisms}} data set or \code{"shortname"}}
\item{property}{one of the column names of the \link{microorganisms} data set or \code{"shortname"}}
}
\value{
\itemize{
\item{An \code{integer} in case of \code{mo_year}}
\item{A \code{list} in case of \code{mo_taxonomy}}
\item{A named \code{character} in case of \code{mo_url}}
\item{A \code{character} in all other cases}
\item An \code{\link{integer}} in case of \code{\link[=mo_year]{mo_year()}}
\item A \code{\link{list}} in case of \code{\link[=mo_taxonomy]{mo_taxonomy()}}
\item A named \code{\link{character}} in case of \code{\link[=mo_url]{mo_url()}}
\item A \code{\link{character}} in all other cases
}
}
\description{
Use these functions to return a specific property of a microorganism. All input values will be evaluated internally with \code{\link{as.mo}}, which makes it possible for input of these functions to use microbial abbreviations, codes and names. See Examples.
Use these functions to return a specific property of a microorganism. All input values will be evaluated internally with \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}, which makes it possible for input of these functions to use microbial abbreviations, codes and names. See Examples.
}
\details{
All functions will return the most recently known taxonomic property according to the Catalogue of Life, except for \code{mo_ref}, \code{mo_authors} and \code{mo_year}. This leads to the following results:
All functions will return the most recently known taxonomic property according to the Catalogue of Life, except for \code{\link[=mo_ref]{mo_ref()}}, \code{\link[=mo_authors]{mo_authors()}} and \code{\link[=mo_year]{mo_year()}}. This leads to the following results:
\itemize{
\item{\code{mo_name("Chlamydia psittaci")} will return \code{"Chlamydophila psittaci"} (with a warning about the renaming)}
\item{\code{mo_ref("Chlamydia psittaci")} will return \code{"Page, 1968"} (with a warning about the renaming)}
\item{\code{mo_ref("Chlamydophila psittaci")} will return \code{"Everett et al., 1999"} (without a warning)}
\item \code{mo_name("Chlamydia psittaci")} will return \code{"Chlamydophila psittaci"} (with a warning about the renaming)
\item \code{mo_ref("Chlamydia psittaci")} will return \code{"Page, 1968"} (with a warning about the renaming)
\item \code{mo_ref("Chlamydophila psittaci")} will return \code{"Everett et al., 1999"} (without a warning)
}
The Gram stain - \code{mo_gramstain()} - will be determined on the taxonomic kingdom and phylum. According to Cavalier-Smith (2002) who defined subkingdoms Negibacteria and Posibacteria, only these phyla are Posibacteria: Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Tenericutes. These bacteria are considered Gram positive - all other bacteria are considered Gram negative. Species outside the kingdom of Bacteria will return a value \code{NA}.
The Gram stain - \code{\link[=mo_gramstain]{mo_gramstain()}} - will be determined on the taxonomic kingdom and phylum. According to Cavalier-Smith (2002) who defined subkingdoms Negibacteria and Posibacteria, only these phyla are Posibacteria: Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Tenericutes. These bacteria are considered Gram positive - all other bacteria are considered Gram negative. Species outside the kingdom of Bacteria will return a value \code{NA}.
All output will be \link{translate}d where possible.
The function \code{mo_url()} will return the direct URL to the online database entry, which also shows the scientific reference of the concerned species.
The function \code{\link[=mo_url]{mo_url()}} will return the direct URL to the online database entry, which also shows the scientific reference of the concerned species.
}
\section{Catalogue of Life}{
\if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
\link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}.
}
\section{Source}{
[1] Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci}. 2014. Clin Microbiol Rev. 27(4): 870–926. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-13}
[2] Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Implications of identifying the recently defined members of the \emph{S. aureus} complex, \emph{S. argenteus} and \emph{S. schweitzeri}: A position paper of members of the ESCMID Study Group for staphylococci and Staphylococcal Diseases (ESGS).} 2019. Clin Microbiol Infect. \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028}
[3] Lancefield RC \strong{A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci}. 1933. J Exp Med. 57(4): 571–95. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.57.4.571}
[4] Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
\enumerate{
\item Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci}. 2014. Clin Microbiol Rev. 27(4): 870–926. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-13}
\item Becker K \emph{et al.} \strong{Implications of identifying the recently defined members of the \emph{S. aureus} complex, \emph{S. argenteus} and \emph{S. schweitzeri}: A position paper of members of the ESCMID Study Group for staphylococci and Staphylococcal Diseases (ESGS).} 2019. Clin Microbiol Infect. \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028}
\item Lancefield RC \strong{A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci}. 1933. J Exp Med. 57(4): 571–95. \url{https://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.57.4.571}
\item Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link[=catalogue_of_life_version]{catalogue_of_life_version()}}).
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -209,10 +208,10 @@ mo_fullname("S. pyogenes",
# get a list with the complete taxonomy (from kingdom to subspecies)
mo_taxonomy("E. coli")
# get a list with the taxonomy, the authors and the URL to the online database
# get a list with the taxonomy, the authors, Gram-stain and URL to the online database
mo_info("E. coli")
}
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{microorganisms}}
\link{microorganisms}
}

57
man/mo_source.Rd
View File

@ -14,24 +14,21 @@ get_mo_source()
\item{path}{location of your reference file, see Details}
}
\description{
These functions can be used to predefine your own reference to be used in \code{\link{as.mo}} and consequently all \code{mo_*} functions like \code{\link{mo_genus}} and \code{\link{mo_gramstain}}.
These functions can be used to predefine your own reference to be used in \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} and consequently all \verb{mo_*} functions like \code{\link[=mo_genus]{mo_genus()}} and \code{\link[=mo_gramstain]{mo_gramstain()}}.
This is \strong{the fastest way} to have your organisation (or analysis) specific codes picked up and translated by this package.
}
\details{
The reference file can be a text file seperated with commas (CSV) or tabs or pipes, an Excel file (either 'xls' or 'xlsx' format) or an R object file (extension '.rds'). To use an Excel file, you need to have the \code{readxl} package installed.
\code{set_mo_source} will check the file for validity: it must be a \code{data.frame}, must have a column named \code{"mo"} which contains values from \code{microorganisms$mo} and must have a reference column with your own defined values. If all tests pass, \code{set_mo_source} will read the file into R and export it to \code{"~/.mo_source.rds"}. This compressed data file will then be used at default for MO determination (function \code{\link{as.mo}} and consequently all \code{mo_*} functions like \code{\link{mo_genus}} and \code{\link{mo_gramstain}}). The location of the original file will be saved as option with \code{\link{options}(mo_source = path)}. Its timestamp will be saved with \code{\link{options}(mo_source_datetime = ...)}.
\code{\link[=set_mo_source]{set_mo_source()}} will check the file for validity: it must be a \code{\link{data.frame}}, must have a column named \code{"mo"} which contains values from \code{\link[=microorganisms]{microorganisms$mo}} and must have a reference column with your own defined values. If all tests pass, \code{\link[=set_mo_source]{set_mo_source()}} will read the file into R and export it to \code{"~/.mo_source.rds"}. This compressed data file will then be used at default for MO determination (function \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} and consequently all \verb{mo_*} functions like \code{\link[=mo_genus]{mo_genus()}} and \code{\link[=mo_gramstain]{mo_gramstain()}}). The location of the original file will be saved as option with \code{options(mo_source = path)}. Its timestamp will be saved with \code{options(mo_source_datetime = ...)}.
\code{get_mo_source} will return the data set by reading \code{"~/.mo_source.rds"} with \code{\link{readRDS}}. If the original file has changed (the file defined with \code{path}), it will call \code{set_mo_source} to update the data file automatically.
\code{\link[=get_mo_source]{get_mo_source()}} will return the data set by reading \code{"~/.mo_source.rds"} with \code{\link[=readRDS]{readRDS()}}. If the original file has changed (the file defined with \code{path}), it will call \code{\link[=set_mo_source]{set_mo_source()}} to update the data file automatically.
Reading an Excel file (\code{.xlsx}) with only one row has a size of 8-9 kB. The compressed file used by this package will have a size of 0.1 kB and can be read by \code{get_mo_source} in only a couple of microseconds (a millionth of a second).
}
\section{How it works}{
Reading an Excel file (\code{.xlsx}) with only one row has a size of 8-9 kB. The compressed file used by this package will have a size of 0.1 kB and can be read by \code{\link[=get_mo_source]{get_mo_source()}} in only a couple of microseconds (a millionth of a second).
\subsection{How it works}{
Imagine this data on a sheet of an Excel file (mo codes were looked up in the `microorganisms` data set). The first column contains the organisation specific codes, the second column contains an MO code from this package:
\preformatted{
| A | B |
Imagine this data on a sheet of an Excel file (mo codes were looked up in the \code{microorganisms} data set). The first column contains the organisation specific codes, the second column contains an MO code from this package:\preformatted{ | A | B |
--|--------------------|-------------|
1 | Organisation XYZ | mo |
2 | lab_mo_ecoli | B_ESCHR_COL |
@ -39,56 +36,46 @@ Imagine this data on a sheet of an Excel file (mo codes were looked up in the `m
4 | | |
}
We save it as \code{'home/me/ourcodes.xlsx'}. Now we have to set it as a source:
\preformatted{
set_mo_source("home/me/ourcodes.xlsx")
We save it as \code{"home/me/ourcodes.xlsx"}. Now we have to set it as a source:\preformatted{set_mo_source("home/me/ourcodes.xlsx")
# Created mo_source file '~/.mo_source.rds' from 'home/me/ourcodes.xlsx'.
}
It has now created a file "~/.mo_source.rds" with the contents of our Excel file, but only the first column with foreign values and the 'mo' column will be kept.
It has now created a file \code{"~/.mo_source.rds"} with the contents of our Excel file, but only the first column with foreign values and the 'mo' column will be kept.
And now we can use it in our functions:
\preformatted{
as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
[1] B_ESCHR_COL
And now we can use it in our functions:\preformatted{as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
\[1\] B_ESCHR_COLI
mo_genus("lab_mo_kpneumoniae")
[1] "Klebsiella"
# other input values still work too
as.mo(c("Escherichia coli", "E. coli", "lab_mo_ecoli"))
[1] B_ESCHR_COL B_ESCHR_COL B_ESCHR_COL
[1] B_ESCHR_COLI B_ESCHR_COLI B_ESCHR_COLI
}
If we edit the Excel file to, let's say, this:
\preformatted{
| A | B |
--|--------------------|-------------|
1 | Organisation XYZ | mo |
2 | lab_mo_ecoli | B_ESCHR_COL |
3 | lab_mo_kpneumoniae | B_KLBSL_PNE |
4 | lab_Staph_aureus | B_STPHY_AUR |
5 | | |
If we edit the Excel file to, let's say, this:\preformatted{ | A | B |
--|--------------------|--------------|
1 | Organisation XYZ | mo |
2 | lab_mo_ecoli | B_ESCHR_COLI |
3 | lab_mo_kpneumoniae | B_KLBSL_PNMN |
4 | lab_Staph_aureus | B_STPHY_AURS |
5 | | |
}
...any new usage of an MO function in this package will update your data:
\preformatted{
as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
...any new usage of an MO function in this package will update your data:\preformatted{as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
# Updated mo_source file '~/.mo_source.rds' from 'home/me/ourcodes.xlsx'.
[1] B_ESCHR_COL
[1] B_ESCHR_COLI
mo_genus("lab_Staph_aureus")
[1] "Staphylococcus"
}
To remove the reference completely, just use any of these:
\preformatted{
set_mo_source("")
To remove the reference completely, just use any of these:\preformatted{set_mo_source("")
set_mo_source(NULL)
# Removed mo_source file '~/.mo_source.rds'.
}
}
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html}{a tutorial} about how to conduct AMR analysis, the \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/reference}{complete documentation of all functions} (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html}{an example analysis using WHONET data}.

4
man/p_symbol.Rd
View File

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
% Please edit documentation in R/p_symbol.R
\name{p_symbol}
\alias{p_symbol}
\title{Symbol of a p value}
\title{Symbol of a p-value}
\usage{
p_symbol(p, emptychar = " ")
}
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ p_symbol(p, emptychar = " ")
Text
}
\description{
Return the symbol related to the p value: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1. Values above \code{p = 1} will return \code{NA}.
Return the symbol related to the p-value: 0 '\verb{***}' 0.001 '\verb{**}' 0.01 '\code{*}' 0.05 '\code{.}' 0.1 ' ' 1. Values above \code{p = 1} will return \code{NA}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

96
man/proportion.Rd
View File

@ -17,77 +17,79 @@
\strong{M39 Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data, 4th Edition}, 2014, \emph{Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)}. \url{https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/}.
}
\usage{
resistance(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE)
resistance(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, only_all_tested = FALSE)
susceptibility(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE)
susceptibility(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_R(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_R(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_IR(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_IR(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_I(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_I(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_SI(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_SI(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_S(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_S(..., minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, only_all_tested = FALSE)
proportion_df(data, translate_ab = "name", language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE)
proportion_df(
data,
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE
)
rsi_df(data, translate_ab = "name", language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30, as_percent = FALSE, combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE)
rsi_df(
data,
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE
)
}
\arguments{
\item{...}{one or more vectors (or columns) with antibiotic interpretations. They will be transformed internally with \code{\link{as.rsi}} if needed. Use multiple columns to calculate (the lack of) co-resistance: the probability where one of two drugs have a resistant or susceptible result. See Examples.}
\item{...}{one or more vectors (or columns) with antibiotic interpretations. They will be transformed internally with \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}} if needed. Use multiple columns to calculate (the lack of) co-resistance: the probability where one of two drugs have a resistant or susceptible result. See Examples.}
\item{minimum}{the minimum allowed number of available (tested) isolates. Any isolate count lower than \code{minimum} will return \code{NA} with a warning. The default number of \code{30} isolates is advised by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) as best practice, see Source.}
\item{as_percent}{a logical to indicate whether the output must be returned as a hundred fold with \% sign (a character). A value of \code{0.123456} will then be returned as \code{"12.3\%"}.}
\item{only_all_tested}{(for combination therapies, i.e. using more than one variable for \code{...}) a logical to indicate that isolates must be tested for all antibiotics, see section \emph{Combination therapy} below}
\item{only_all_tested}{(for combination therapies, i.e. using more than one variable for \code{...}): a logical to indicate that isolates must be tested for all antibiotics, see section \emph{Combination therapy} below}
\item{data}{a \code{data.frame} containing columns with class \code{rsi} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}})}
\item{data}{a \code{\link{data.frame}} containing columns with class \code{\link{rsi}} (see \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}})}
\item{translate_ab}{a column name of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations to, using \code{\link{ab_property}}}
\item{translate_ab}{a column name of the \link{antibiotics} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations to, using \code{\link[=ab_property]{ab_property()}}}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{language}{language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link[=get_locale]{get_locale()}}) and can also be set with \code{getOption("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.}
\item{combine_SI}{a logical to indicate whether all values of S and I must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S+I vs. R (susceptible vs. resistant). This used to be the parameter \code{combine_IR}, but this now follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section 'Interpretation of S, I and R' below. Default is \code{TRUE}.}
\item{combine_IR}{a logical to indicate whether all values of I and R must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S vs. I+R (susceptible vs. non-susceptible). This is outdated, see parameter \code{combine_SI}.}
}
\value{
Double or, when \code{as_percent = TRUE}, a character.
A \code{\link{double}} or, when \code{as_percent = TRUE}, a \code{\link{character}}.
}
\description{
These functions can be used to calculate the (co-)resistance or susceptibility of microbial isolates (i.e. percentage of S, SI, I, IR or R). All functions support quasiquotation with pipes, can be used in \code{dplyr}s \code{\link[dplyr]{summarise}} and support grouped variables, see \emph{Examples}.
These functions can be used to calculate the (co-)resistance or susceptibility of microbial isolates (i.e. percentage of S, SI, I, IR or R). All functions support quasiquotation with pipes, can be used in \code{\link[dplyr:summarise]{dplyr::summarise()}} and support grouped variables, please see \emph{Examples}.
\code{resistance()} should be used to calculate resistance, \code{susceptibility()} should be used to calculate susceptibility.\cr
\code{\link[=resistance]{resistance()}} should be used to calculate resistance, \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} should be used to calculate susceptibility.\cr
}
\details{
The function \code{resistance()} is equal to the function \code{proportion_R()}. The function \code{susceptibility()} is equal to the function \code{proportion_SI()}.
\strong{Remember that you should filter your table to let it contain only first isolates!} This is needed to exclude duplicates and to reduce selection bias. Use \code{\link{first_isolate}} to determine them in your data set.
The function \code{\link[=resistance]{resistance()}} is equal to the function \code{\link[=proportion_R]{proportion_R()}}. The function \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} is equal to the function \code{\link[=proportion_SI]{proportion_SI()}}.
These functions are not meant to count isolates, but to calculate the proportion of resistance/susceptibility. Use the \code{\link[AMR]{count}} functions to count isolates. The function \code{susceptibility()} is essentially equal to \code{count_susceptible() / count_all()}. \emph{Low counts can infuence the outcome - the \code{proportion} functions may camouflage this, since they only return the proportion (albeit being dependent on the \code{minimum} parameter).}
\strong{Remember that you should filter your table to let it contain only first isolates!} This is needed to exclude duplicates and to reduce selection bias. Use \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}} to determine them in your data set.
The function \code{proportion_df()} takes any variable from \code{data} that has an \code{"rsi"} class (created with \code{\link{as.rsi}()}) and calculates the proportions R, I and S. The function \code{rsi_df()} works exactly like \code{proportion_df()}, but adds the number of isolates.
These functions are not meant to count isolates, but to calculate the proportion of resistance/susceptibility. Use the \code{\link[AMR:count]{AMR::count()}} functions to count isolates. The function \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} is essentially equal to \code{count_susceptible() / count_all()}. \emph{Low counts can infuence the outcome - the \code{proportion} functions may camouflage this, since they only return the proportion (albeit being dependent on the \code{minimum} parameter).}
The function \code{\link[=proportion_df]{proportion_df()}} takes any variable from \code{data} that has an \code{\link{rsi}} class (created with \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}) and calculates the proportions R, I and S. The function \code{\link[=rsi_df]{rsi_df()}} works exactly like \code{\link[=proportion_df]{proportion_df()}}, but adds the number of isolates.
}
\section{Combination therapy}{
When using more than one variable for \code{...} (= combination therapy)), use \code{only_all_tested} to only count isolates that are tested for all antibiotics/variables that you test them for. See this example for two antibiotics, Antibiotic A and Antibiotic B, about how \code{susceptibility} works to calculate the \%SI:
\preformatted{
--------------------------------------------------------------------
When using more than one variable for \code{...} (= combination therapy)), use \code{only_all_tested} to only count isolates that are tested for all antibiotics/variables that you test them for. See this example for two antibiotics, Antibiotic A and Antibiotic B, about how \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} works to calculate the \%SI:\preformatted{--------------------------------------------------------------------
only_all_tested = FALSE only_all_tested = TRUE
----------------------- -----------------------
Drug A Drug B include as include as include as include as
@ -105,14 +107,11 @@ When using more than one variable for \code{...} (= combination therapy)), use \
--------------------------------------------------------------------
}
Please note that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = TRUE} applies that:
\preformatted{
count_S() + count_I() + count_R() = count_all()
Please note that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = TRUE} applies that:\preformatted{ count_S() + count_I() + count_R() = count_all()
proportion_S() + proportion_I() + proportion_R() = 1
}
and that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = FALSE} applies that:
\preformatted{
count_S() + count_I() + count_R() >= count_all()
and that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = FALSE} applies that:\preformatted{ count_S() + count_I() + count_R() >= count_all()
proportion_S() + proportion_I() + proportion_R() >= 1
}
@ -122,16 +121,15 @@ Using \code{only_all_tested} has no impact when only using one antibiotic as inp
\section{Interpretation of S, I and R}{
In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories S, I and R as shown below (\url{http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/}). Results of several consultations on the new definitions are available on the EUCAST website under "Consultations".
\itemize{
\item{\strong{S} - }{Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.}
\item{\strong{I} - }{Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.}
\item{\strong{R} - }{Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.}
\item \strong{S} - Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.
\item \strong{I} - Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.
\item \strong{R} - Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.
}
Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link{susceptibility}()} (equal to \code{\link{proportion_SI}()}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link{count_susceptible}()} (equal to \code{\link{count_SI}()}) to count susceptible isolates.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} (equal to \code{\link[=proportion_SI]{proportion_SI()}}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link[=count_susceptible]{count_susceptible()}} (equal to \code{\link[=count_SI]{count_SI()}}) to count susceptible isolates.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -222,5 +220,5 @@ my_table \%>\%
}
}
\seealso{
\code{\link[AMR]{count}_*} to count resistant and susceptible isolates.
\code{\link[AMR:count]{AMR::count()}} to count resistant and susceptible isolates.
}

25
man/read.4D.Rd
View File

@ -4,11 +4,24 @@
\alias{read.4D}
\title{Read data from 4D database}
\usage{
read.4D(file, info = interactive(), header = TRUE, row.names = NULL,
sep = "\\t", quote = "\\"'", dec = ",", na.strings = c("NA", "",
"."), skip = 2, check.names = TRUE, strip.white = TRUE,
fill = TRUE, blank.lines.skip = TRUE, stringsAsFactors = FALSE,
fileEncoding = "UTF-8", encoding = "UTF-8")
read.4D(
file,
info = interactive(),
header = TRUE,
row.names = NULL,
sep = "\\t",
quote = "\\"'",
dec = ",",
na.strings = c("NA", "", "."),
skip = 2,
check.names = TRUE,
strip.white = TRUE,
fill = TRUE,
blank.lines.skip = TRUE,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE,
fileEncoding = "UTF-8",
encoding = "UTF-8"
)
}
\arguments{
\item{file}{the name of the file which the data are to be read from.
@ -117,7 +130,7 @@ read.4D(file, info = interactive(), header = TRUE, row.names = NULL,
}
}
\description{
This function is only useful for the MMB department of the UMCG. Use this function to \strong{import data by just defining the \code{file} parameter}. It will automatically transform birth dates and calculate patients age, translate the column names to English, transform the MO codes with \code{\link{as.mo}} and transform all antimicrobial columns with \code{\link{as.rsi}}.
This function is only useful for the MMB department of the UMCG. Use this function to \strong{import data by just defining the \code{file} parameter}. It will automatically transform birth dates and calculate patients age, translate the column names to English, transform the MO codes with \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}} and transform all antimicrobial columns with \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}}.
}
\details{
Column names will be transformed, but the original column names are set as a "label" attribute and can be seen in e.g. RStudio Viewer.

106
man/resistance_predict.Rd
View File

@ -7,24 +7,49 @@
\alias{ggplot_rsi_predict}
\title{Predict antimicrobial resistance}
\usage{
resistance_predict(x, col_ab, col_date = NULL, year_min = NULL,
year_max = NULL, year_every = 1, minimum = 30, model = NULL,
I_as_S = TRUE, preserve_measurements = TRUE, info = TRUE, ...)
resistance_predict(
x,
col_ab,
col_date = NULL,
year_min = NULL,
year_max = NULL,
year_every = 1,
minimum = 30,
model = NULL,
I_as_S = TRUE,
preserve_measurements = TRUE,
info = TRUE,
...
)
rsi_predict(x, col_ab, col_date = NULL, year_min = NULL,
year_max = NULL, year_every = 1, minimum = 30, model = NULL,
I_as_S = TRUE, preserve_measurements = TRUE, info = TRUE, ...)
rsi_predict(
x,
col_ab,
col_date = NULL,
year_min = NULL,
year_max = NULL,
year_every = 1,
minimum = 30,
model = NULL,
I_as_S = TRUE,
preserve_measurements = TRUE,
info = TRUE,
...
)
\method{plot}{resistance_predict}(x,
main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name), ...)
\method{plot}{resistance_predict}(x, main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name), ...)
ggplot_rsi_predict(x, main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name),
ribbon = TRUE, ...)
ggplot_rsi_predict(
x,
main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name),
ribbon = TRUE,
...
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a \code{data.frame} containing isolates.}
\item{x}{a \code{\link{data.frame}} containing isolates.}
\item{col_ab}{column name of \code{x} with antimicrobial interpretations (\code{R}, \code{I} and \code{S})}
\item{col_ab}{column name of \code{x} containing antimicrobial interpretations (\code{"R"}, \code{"I"} and \code{"S"})}
\item{col_date}{column name of the date, will be used to calculate years if this column doesn't consist of years already, defaults to the first column of with a date class}
@ -36,13 +61,13 @@ ggplot_rsi_predict(x, main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name),
\item{minimum}{minimal amount of available isolates per year to include. Years containing less observations will be estimated by the model.}
\item{model}{the statistical model of choice. This could be a generalised linear regression model with binomial distribution (i.e. using \code{\link{glm}(..., family = \link{binomial})}), assuming that a period of zero resistance was followed by a period of increasing resistance leading slowly to more and more resistance. See Details for all valid options.}
\item{model}{the statistical model of choice. This could be a generalised linear regression model with binomial distribution (i.e. using `glm(..., family = binomial)``, assuming that a period of zero resistance was followed by a period of increasing resistance leading slowly to more and more resistance. See Details for all valid options.}
\item{I_as_S}{a logical to indicate whether values \code{I} should be treated as \code{S} (will otherwise be treated as \code{R}). The default, \code{TRUE}, follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section 'Interpretation of S, I and R' below.}
\item{I_as_S}{a logical to indicate whether values \code{I} should be treated as \code{S} (will otherwise be treated as \code{R}). The default, \code{TRUE}, follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section \emph{Interpretation of S, I and R} below.}
\item{preserve_measurements}{a logical to indicate whether predictions of years that are actually available in the data should be overwritten by the original data. The standard errors of those years will be \code{NA}.}
\item{info}{a logical to indicate whether textual analysis should be printed with the name and \code{\link{summary}} of the statistical model.}
\item{info}{a logical to indicate whether textual analysis should be printed with the name and \code{\link[=summary]{summary()}} of the statistical model.}
\item{...}{parameters passed on to functions}
@ -51,42 +76,42 @@ ggplot_rsi_predict(x, main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name),
\item{ribbon}{a logical to indicate whether a ribbon should be shown (default) or error bars}
}
\value{
\code{data.frame} with extra class \code{"resistance_predict"} with columns:
A \code{\link{data.frame}} with extra class \code{\link{resistance_predict}} with columns:
\itemize{
\item{\code{year}}
\item{\code{value}, the same as \code{estimated} when \code{preserve_measurements = FALSE}, and a combination of \code{observed} and \code{estimated} otherwise}
\item{\code{se_min}, the lower bound of the standard error with a minimum of \code{0} (so the standard error will never go below 0\%)}
\item{\code{se_max} the upper bound of the standard error with a maximum of \code{1} (so the standard error will never go above 100\%)}
\item{\code{observations}, the total number of available observations in that year, i.e. S + I + R}
\item{\code{observed}, the original observed resistant percentages}
\item{\code{estimated}, the estimated resistant percentages, calculated by the model}
\item \code{year}
\item \code{value}, the same as \code{estimated} when \code{preserve_measurements = FALSE}, and a combination of \code{observed} and \code{estimated} otherwise
\item \code{se_min}, the lower bound of the standard error with a minimum of \code{0} (so the standard error will never go below 0\%)
\item \code{se_max} the upper bound of the standard error with a maximum of \code{1} (so the standard error will never go above 100\%)
\item \code{observations}, the total number of available observations in that year, i.e. \eqn{S + I + R}
\item \code{observed}, the original observed resistant percentages
\item \code{estimated}, the estimated resistant percentages, calculated by the model
}
Furthermore, the model itself is available as an attribute: \code{attributes(x)$model}, see Examples.
Furthermore, the model itself is available as an attribute: \code{attributes(x)$model}, please see \emph{Examples}.
}
\description{
Create a prediction model to predict antimicrobial resistance for the next years on statistical solid ground. Standard errors (SE) will be returned as columns \code{se_min} and \code{se_max}. See Examples for a real live example.
Create a prediction model to predict antimicrobial resistance for the next years on statistical solid ground. Standard errors (SE) will be returned as columns \code{se_min} and \code{se_max}. See \emph{Examples} for a real live example.
}
\details{
Valid options for the statistical model are:
Valid options for the statistical model (parameter \code{model}) are:
\itemize{
\item{\code{"binomial"} or \code{"binom"} or \code{"logit"}: a generalised linear regression model with binomial distribution}
\item{\code{"loglin"} or \code{"poisson"}: a generalised log-linear regression model with poisson distribution}
\item{\code{"lin"} or \code{"linear"}: a linear regression model}
\item \code{"binomial"} or \code{"binom"} or \code{"logit"}: a generalised linear regression model with binomial distribution
\item \code{"loglin"} or \code{"poisson"}: a generalised log-linear regression model with poisson distribution
\item \code{"lin"} or \code{"linear"}: a linear regression model
}
}
\section{Interpretation of S, I and R}{
In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories S, I and R as shown below (\url{http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/}). Results of several consultations on the new definitions are available on the EUCAST website under "Consultations".
\itemize{
\item{\strong{S} - }{Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.}
\item{\strong{I} - }{Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.}
\item{\strong{R} - }{Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.}
\item \strong{S} - Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.
\item \strong{I} - Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.
\item \strong{R} - Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.
}
Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link{susceptibility}()} (equal to \code{\link{proportion_SI}()}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link{count_susceptible}()} (equal to \code{\link{count_SI}()}) to count susceptible isolates.
This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link[=susceptibility]{susceptibility()}} (equal to \code{\link[=proportion_SI]{proportion_SI()}}) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link[=count_susceptible]{count_susceptible()}} (equal to \code{\link[=count_SI]{count_SI()}}) to count susceptible isolates.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{
@ -95,7 +120,10 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
}
\examples{
x <- resistance_predict(example_isolates, col_ab = "AMX", year_min = 2010, model = "binomial")
x <- resistance_predict(example_isolates,
col_ab = "AMX",
year_min = 2010,
model = "binomial")
plot(x)
ggplot_rsi_predict(x)
@ -134,13 +162,15 @@ if (!require(ggplot2)) {
scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 1),
breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1),
labels = paste0(seq(0, 100, 10), "\%")) +
labs(title = expression(paste("Forecast of amoxicillin resistance in ",
labs(title = expression(paste("Forecast of Amoxicillin Resistance in ",
italic("E. coli"))),
y = "\%IR",
y = "\%R",
x = "Year") +
theme_minimal(base_size = 13)
}
}
\seealso{
The \code{\link{portion}} function to calculate resistance, \cr \code{\link{lm}} \code{\link{glm}}
The \code{\link[=proportion]{proportion()}} functions to calculate resistance
Models: \code{\link[=lm]{lm()}} \code{\link[=glm]{glm()}}
}

22
man/rsi_translation.Rd
View File

@ -5,22 +5,22 @@
\alias{rsi_translation}
\title{Data set for RSI interpretation}
\format{A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 13,975 observations and 9 variables:
\describe{
\item{\code{guideline}}{Name of the guideline}
\item{\code{method}}{Either "MIC" or "DISK"}
\item{\code{site}}{Body site, e.g. "Oral" or "Respiratory"}
\item{\code{mo}}{Microbial ID, see \code{\link{as.mo}}}
\item{\code{ab}}{Antibiotic ID, see \code{\link{as.ab}}}
\item{\code{ref_tbl}}{Info about where the guideline rule can be found}
\item{\code{disk_dose}}{Dose of the used disk diffusion method}
\item{\code{breakpoint_S}}{Lowest MIC value or highest number of millimeters that leads to "S"}
\item{\code{breakpoint_R}}{Highest MIC value or lowest number of millimeters that leads to "R"}
\itemize{
\item \code{guideline}\cr Name of the guideline
\item \code{method}\cr Either "MIC" or "DISK"
\item \code{site}\cr Body site, e.g. "Oral" or "Respiratory"
\item \code{mo}\cr Microbial ID, see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}
\item \code{ab}\cr Antibiotic ID, see \code{\link[=as.ab]{as.ab()}}
\item \code{ref_tbl}\cr Info about where the guideline rule can be found
\item \code{disk_dose}\cr Dose of the used disk diffusion method
\item \code{breakpoint_S}\cr Lowest MIC value or highest number of millimeters that leads to "S"
\item \code{breakpoint_R}\cr Highest MIC value or lowest number of millimeters that leads to "R"
}}
\usage{
rsi_translation
}
\description{
Data set to interpret MIC and disk diffusion to RSI values. Included guidelines are CLSI (2011-2019) and EUCAST (2011-2019). Use \code{\link{as.rsi}} to transform MICs or disks measurements to RSI values.
Data set to interpret MIC and disk diffusion to RSI values. Included guidelines are CLSI (2011-2019) and EUCAST (2011-2019). Use \code{\link[=as.rsi]{as.rsi()}} to transform MICs or disks measurements to RSI values.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{

4
man/skewness.Rd
View File

@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ skewness(x, na.rm = FALSE)
\method{skewness}{data.frame}(x, na.rm = FALSE)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a vector of values, a \code{matrix} or a \code{data frame}}
\item{x}{a vector of values, a \code{\link{matrix}} or a \code{\link{data.frame}}}
\item{na.rm}{a logical value indicating whether \code{NA} values should be stripped before the computation proceeds.}
}
@ -31,5 +31,5 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://
}
\seealso{
\code{\link{kurtosis}}
\code{\link[=kurtosis]{kurtosis()}}
}

6
man/translate.Rd
View File

@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
get_locale()
}
\description{
For language-dependent output of AMR functions, like \code{\link{mo_name}}, \code{\link{mo_type}} and \code{\link{ab_name}}.
For language-dependent output of AMR functions, like \code{\link[=mo_name]{mo_name()}}, \code{\link[=mo_type]{mo_type()}} and \code{\link[=ab_name]{ab_name()}}.
}
\details{
Strings will be translated to foreign languages if they are defined in a local translation file. Additions to this file can be suggested at our repository. The file can be found here: \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/translations.tsv}.
@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ Currently supported languages can be found if running: \code{unique(AMR:::transl
Please suggest your own translations \href{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new?issue[title]=Translation\%20suggestion}{by creating a new issue on our repository}.
This file will be read by all functions where a translated output can be desired, like all \code{\link{mo_property}} functions (\code{\link{mo_fullname}}, \code{\link{mo_type}}, etc.).
This file will be read by all functions where a translated output can be desired, like all \code{\link[=mo_property]{mo_property()}} functions (\code{\link[=mo_fullname]{mo_fullname()}}, \code{\link[=mo_type]{mo_type()}}, etc.).
The system language will be used at default, if that language is supported. The system language can be overwritten with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}.
The system language will be used at default, if that language is supported. The system language can be overwritten with \code{Sys.setenv(AMR_locale = yourlanguage)}.
}
\section{Read more on our website!}{