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<div id="short-introduction" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#short-introduction" class="anchor"></a>Short introduction</h3>
<div id="taxonomic-reference-data" class="section level4">
<h4 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#taxonomic-reference-data" class="anchor"></a>Taxonomic reference data</h4>
<p><img src="reference/figures/itis_logo.jpg" height="60px"></p>
<p>This package contains the <strong>complete microbial taxonomic data</strong> (with all nine taxonomic ranks - from kingdom to subspecies) from the publicly available Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS, <a href="https://www.itis.gov" class="uri">https://www.itis.gov</a>).</p>
<p>All ~20,000 (sub)species from <strong>the taxonomic kingdoms Bacteria, Fungi and Protozoa are included in this package</strong>, as well as all ~2,500 previously accepted names known to ITIS. Furthermore, the responsible authors and year of publication are available. This allows users to use authoritative taxonomic information for their data analysis on any microorganism, not only human pathogens. It also helps to quickly determine the Gram stain of bacteria, since all bacteria are classified into subkingdom Negibacteria or Posibacteria.</p>
<p>Read more about ITIS <a href="./reference/ITIS.html">in our manual</a>.</p>
</div>
<div id="overview-of-functions" class="section level4">
<h4 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#overview-of-functions" class="anchor"></a>Overview of functions</h4>
<p>The <code>AMR</code> package basically does four important things:</p>
<ol>
<li>It <strong>cleanses existing data</strong>, by transforming it to reproducible and profound <em>classes</em>, making the most efficient use of R. These functions all use artificial intelligence to guess results that you would expect:</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> to get an ID of a microorganism. The IDs are human readable for the trained eye - the ID of <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is “B_KLBSL_PNE” (B stands for Bacteria) and the ID of <em>S. aureus</em> is “B_STPHY_AUR”. The function takes almost any text as input that looks like the name or code of a microorganism like “E. coli”, “esco” and “esccol”. Even <code><a href="reference/as.mo.html">as.mo("MRSA")</a></code> will return the ID of <em>S. aureus</em>. Moreover, it can group all coagulase negative and positive <em>Staphylococci</em>, and can transform <em>Streptococci</em> into Lancefield groups. To find bacteria based on your input, it uses Artificial Intelligence to look up values in the included ITIS data, consisting of more than 18,000 microorganisms.</li>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> to get an ID of a microorganism. The IDs are human readable for the trained eye - the ID of <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> is “B_KLBSL_PNE” (B stands for Bacteria) and the ID of <em>S. aureus</em> is “B_STPHY_AUR”. The function takes almost any text as input that looks like the name or code of a microorganism like “E. coli”, “esco” or “esccol” and tries to find expected results using artificial intelligence (AI) on the included ITIS data set, consisting of almost 20,000 microorganisms. It is <em>very</em> fast, please see our <a href="./articles/benchmarks.html">benchmarks</a>. Moreover, it can group <em>Staphylococci</em> into coagulase negative and positive (CoNS and CoPS, see <a href="./reference/as.mo.html#source">source</a>) and can categorise <em>Streptococci</em> into Lancefield groups (like beta-haemolytic <em>Streptococcus</em> Group B, <a href="./reference/as.mo.html#source">source</a>).</li>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> to transform values to valid antimicrobial results. It produces just S, I or R based on your input and warns about invalid values. Even values like “&lt;=0.002; S” (combined MIC/RSI) will result in “S”.</li>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/as.mic.html">as.mic()</a></code> to cleanse your MIC values. It produces a so-called factor (called <em>ordinal</em> in SPSS) with valid MIC values as levels. A value like “&lt;=0.002; S” (combined MIC/RSI) will result in “&lt;=0.002”.</li>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/as.atc.html">as.atc()</a></code> to get the ATC code of an antibiotic as defined by the WHO. This package contains a database with most LIS codes, official names, DDDs and even trade names of antibiotics. For example, the values “Furabid”, “Furadantin”, “nitro” all return the ATC code of Nitrofurantoine.</li>
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</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
</div>
<div id="partners" class="section level4">
<h4 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#partners" class="anchor"></a>Partners</h4>
<p>The development of this package is part of, related to, or made possible by:</p>
<p><a href="https://www.rug.nl"><img src="./logo_rug.png" height="60px"></a> <a href="https://www.umcg.nl"><img src="./logo_umcg.png" height="60px"></a> <a href="https://www.certe.nl"><img src="./logo_certe.png" height="60px"></a> <a href="http://www.eurhealth-1health.eu"><img src="./logo_eh1h.png" height="60px"></a> <a href="http://www.eurhealth-1health.eu"><img src="./logo_interreg.png" height="60px"></a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>