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@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
<h1>How to conduct AMR analysis</h1>
<h4 class="author">Matthijs S. Berends</h4>
<h4 class="date">18 February 2019</h4>
<h4 class="date">20 February 2019</h4>
<div class="hidden name"><code>AMR.Rmd</code></div>
@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
<p><strong>Note:</strong> values on this page will change with every website update since they are based on randomly created values and the page was written in <a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">RMarkdown</a>. However, the methodology remains unchanged. This page was generated on 18 February 2019.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> values on this page will change with every website update since they are based on randomly created values and the page was written in <a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">RMarkdown</a>. However, the methodology remains unchanged. This page was generated on 20 February 2019.</p>
<div id="introduction" class="section level1">
<h1 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#introduction" class="anchor"></a>Introduction</h1>
@ -217,21 +217,21 @@
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2019-02-18</td>
<td align="center">2019-02-20</td>
<td align="center">abcd</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2019-02-18</td>
<td align="center">2019-02-20</td>
<td align="center">abcd</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2019-02-18</td>
<td align="center">2019-02-20</td>
<td align="center">efgh</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
@ -327,71 +327,71 @@
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2011-01-25</td>
<td align="center">V6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2013-07-31</td>
<td align="center">A8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2016-10-12</td>
<td align="center">Y3</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2013-12-31</td>
<td align="center">B4</td>
<td align="center">2012-08-24</td>
<td align="center">V3</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2014-08-10</td>
<td align="center">F9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2013-04-28</td>
<td align="center">S3</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2013-05-13</td>
<td align="center">F2</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2017-12-05</td>
<td align="center">H7</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">2017-04-04</td>
<td align="center">I9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2015-12-23</td>
<td align="center">G9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2011-12-19</td>
<td align="center">T2</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Now, let’s start the cleaning and the analysis!</p>
@ -411,8 +411,8 @@
#&gt;
#&gt; Item Count Percent Cum. Count Cum. Percent
#&gt; --- ----- ------- -------- ----------- -------------
#&gt; 1 M 10,283 51.4% 10,283 51.4%
#&gt; 2 F 9,717 48.6% 20,000 100.0%</code></pre>
#&gt; 1 M 10,471 52.4% 10,471 52.4%
#&gt; 2 F 9,529 47.6% 20,000 100.0%</code></pre>
<p>So, we can draw at least two conclusions immediately. From a data scientist perspective, the data looks clean: only values <code>M</code> and <code>F</code>. From a researcher perspective: there are slightly more men. Nothing we didn’t already know.</p>
<p>The data is already quite clean, but we still need to transform some variables. The <code>bacteria</code> column now consists of text, and we want to add more variables based on microbial IDs later on. So, we will transform this column to valid IDs. The <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html">mutate()</a></code> function of the <code>dplyr</code> package makes this really easy:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb12-1" title="1">data &lt;-<span class="st"> </span>data <span class="op">%&gt;%</span></a>
@ -443,10 +443,10 @@
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-19" title="19"><span class="co">#&gt; Kingella kingae (no changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-20" title="20"><span class="co">#&gt; </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-21" title="21"><span class="co">#&gt; EUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes (v3.1, 2016)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-22" title="22"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 1: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae (1294 changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-22" title="22"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 1: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae (1288 changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-23" title="23"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 2: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria (no changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-24" title="24"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 3: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria (no changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-25" title="25"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 4: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria (2822 changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-25" title="25"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 4: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria (2757 changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-26" title="26"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 8: Interpretive rules for B-lactam agents and Gram-positive cocci (no changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-27" title="27"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 9: Interpretive rules for B-lactam agents and Gram-negative rods (no changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-28" title="28"><span class="co">#&gt; Table 10: Interpretive rules for B-lactam agents and other Gram-negative bacteria (no changes)</span></a>
@ -462,9 +462,9 @@
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-38" title="38"><span class="co">#&gt; Non-EUCAST: piperacillin/tazobactam = S where piperacillin = S (no changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-39" title="39"><span class="co">#&gt; Non-EUCAST: trimethoprim/sulfa = S where trimethoprim = S (no changes)</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-40" title="40"><span class="co">#&gt; </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-41" title="41"><span class="co">#&gt; =&gt; EUCAST rules affected 7,463 out of 20,000 rows</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-41" title="41"><span class="co">#&gt; =&gt; EUCAST rules affected 7,243 out of 20,000 rows</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-42" title="42"><span class="co">#&gt; -&gt; added 0 test results</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-43" title="43"><span class="co">#&gt; -&gt; changed 4,116 test results (0 to S; 0 to I; 4,116 to R)</span></a></code></pre></div>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb14-43" title="43"><span class="co">#&gt; -&gt; changed 4,045 test results (0 to S; 0 to I; 4,045 to R)</span></a></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="adding-new-variables" class="section level1">
<h1 class="hasAnchor">
@ -489,8 +489,8 @@
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb16-3" title="3"><span class="co">#&gt; </span><span class="al">NOTE</span><span class="co">: Using column `bacteria` as input for `col_mo`.</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb16-4" title="4"><span class="co">#&gt; </span><span class="al">NOTE</span><span class="co">: Using column `date` as input for `col_date`.</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb16-5" title="5"><span class="co">#&gt; </span><span class="al">NOTE</span><span class="co">: Using column `patient_id` as input for `col_patient_id`.</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb16-6" title="6"><span class="co">#&gt; =&gt; Found 5,654 first isolates (28.3% of total)</span></a></code></pre></div>
<p>So only 28.3% is suitable for resistance analysis! We can now filter on it with the <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter()</a></code> function, also from the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb16-6" title="6"><span class="co">#&gt; =&gt; Found 5,692 first isolates (28.5% of total)</span></a></code></pre></div>
<p>So only 28.5% is suitable for resistance analysis! We can now filter on it with the <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter()</a></code> function, also from the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb17-1" title="1">data_1st &lt;-<span class="st"> </span>data <span class="op">%&gt;%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb17-2" title="2"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter</a></span>(first <span class="op">==</span><span class="st"> </span><span class="ot">TRUE</span>)</a></code></pre></div>
<p>For future use, the above two syntaxes can be shortened with the <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code> function:</p>
@ -516,8 +516,8 @@
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">1</td>
<td align="center">2010-04-05</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-01-31</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -527,30 +527,30 @@
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2</td>
<td align="center">2010-05-10</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-03-09</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">3</td>
<td align="center">2010-06-22</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-05-30</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">4</td>
<td align="center">2010-06-25</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-06-22</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -560,41 +560,41 @@
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">5</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-03</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-01-10</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">6</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-08</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-02-19</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">7</td>
<td align="center">2011-03-24</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-02-21</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">8</td>
<td align="center">2011-03-27</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-11</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -604,21 +604,21 @@
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">9</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-11</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-07-06</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">10</td>
<td align="center">2011-07-22</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-08-11</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -637,7 +637,7 @@
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb19-7" title="7"><span class="co">#&gt; </span><span class="al">NOTE</span><span class="co">: Using column `patient_id` as input for `col_patient_id`.</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb19-8" title="8"><span class="co">#&gt; </span><span class="al">NOTE</span><span class="co">: Using column `keyab` as input for `col_keyantibiotics`. Use col_keyantibiotics = FALSE to prevent this.</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb19-9" title="9"><span class="co">#&gt; [Criterion] Inclusion based on key antibiotics, ignoring I.</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb19-10" title="10"><span class="co">#&gt; =&gt; Found 15,805 first weighted isolates (79.0% of total)</span></a></code></pre></div>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb19-10" title="10"><span class="co">#&gt; =&gt; Found 15,864 first weighted isolates (79.3% of total)</span></a></code></pre></div>
<table class="table">
<thead><tr class="header">
<th align="center">isolate</th>
@ -654,8 +654,8 @@
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">1</td>
<td align="center">2010-04-05</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-01-31</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -666,11 +666,11 @@
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2</td>
<td align="center">2010-05-10</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-03-09</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
@ -678,11 +678,11 @@
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">3</td>
<td align="center">2010-06-22</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-05-30</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
@ -690,8 +690,8 @@
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">4</td>
<td align="center">2010-06-25</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2010-06-22</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -702,83 +702,83 @@
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">5</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-03</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-01-10</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">6</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-08</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-02-19</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">7</td>
<td align="center">2011-03-24</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-02-21</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">8</td>
<td align="center">2011-03-27</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-11</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">9</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-11</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">2011-07-06</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">10</td>
<td align="center">2011-07-22</td>
<td align="center">Q7</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">10</td>
<td align="center">2011-08-11</td>
<td align="center">C6</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Instead of 2, now 4 isolates are flagged. In total, 79% of all isolates are marked ‘first weighted’ - 50.8% more than when using the CLSI guideline. In real life, this novel algorithm will yield 5-10% more isolates than the classic CLSI guideline.</p>
<p>Instead of 2, now 6 isolates are flagged. In total, 79.3% of all isolates are marked ‘first weighted’ - 50.9% more than when using the CLSI guideline. In real life, this novel algorithm will yield 5-10% more isolates than the classic CLSI guideline.</p>
<p>As with <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code>, there’s a shortcut for this new algorithm too:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb20-1" title="1">data_1st &lt;-<span class="st"> </span>data <span class="op">%&gt;%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb20-2" title="2"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_weighted_isolate</a></span>()</a></code></pre></div>
<p>So we end up with 15,805 isolates for analysis.</p>
<p>So we end up with 15,864 isolates for analysis.</p>
<p>We can remove unneeded columns:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb21-1" title="1">data_1st &lt;-<span class="st"> </span>data_1st <span class="op">%&gt;%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb21-2" title="2"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span>(<span class="op">-</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/base/topics/c">c</a></span>(first, keyab))</a></code></pre></div>
@ -803,45 +803,45 @@
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>2</td>
<td align="center">2013-07-31</td>
<td align="center">A8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td>1</td>
<td align="center">2012-08-24</td>
<td align="center">V3</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>3</td>
<td align="center">2016-10-12</td>
<td align="center">Y3</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>5</td>
<td align="center">2014-08-10</td>
<td align="center">F9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<tr class="even">
<td>2</td>
<td align="center">2013-04-28</td>
<td align="center">S3</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AUR</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>3</td>
<td align="center">2013-05-13</td>
<td align="center">F2</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AUR</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
@ -851,53 +851,53 @@
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>5</td>
<td align="center">2015-12-23</td>
<td align="center">G9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AUR</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>6</td>
<td align="center">2017-12-05</td>
<td align="center">H7</td>
<td align="center">2011-12-19</td>
<td align="center">T2</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AUR</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>7</td>
<td align="center">2011-11-26</td>
<td align="center">J1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COL</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>7</td>
<td align="center">2014-02-06</td>
<td align="center">D7</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AUR</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>8</td>
<td align="center">2013-05-11</td>
<td align="center">A5</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AUR</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Time for the analysis!</p>
@ -915,9 +915,9 @@
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb23-1" title="1"><span class="kw"><a href="../reference/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw"><a href="https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/base/topics/paste">paste</a></span>(data_1st<span class="op">$</span>genus, data_1st<span class="op">$</span>species))</a></code></pre></div>
<p>Or can be used like the <code>dplyr</code> way, which is easier readable:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb24-1" title="1">data_1st <span class="op">%&gt;%</span><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw"><a href="../reference/freq.html">freq</a></span>(genus, species)</a></code></pre></div>
<p><strong>Frequency table of <code>genus</code> and <code>species</code> from a <code>data.frame</code> (15,805 x 13)</strong></p>
<p><strong>Frequency table of <code>genus</code> and <code>species</code> from a <code>data.frame</code> (15,864 x 13)</strong></p>
<p>Columns: 2<br>
Length: 15,805 (of which NA: 0 = 0.00%)<br>
Length: 15,864 (of which NA: 0 = 0.00%)<br>
Unique: 4</p>
<p>Shortest: 16<br>
Longest: 24</p>
@ -934,33 +934,33 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="right">7,815</td>
<td align="right">49.4%</td>
<td align="right">7,815</td>
<td align="right">49.4%</td>
<td align="right">7,849</td>
<td align="right">49.5%</td>
<td align="right">7,849</td>
<td align="right">49.5%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="right">3,988</td>
<td align="right">25.2%</td>
<td align="right">11,803</td>
<td align="right">74.7%</td>
<td align="right">4,010</td>
<td align="right">25.3%</td>
<td align="right">11,859</td>
<td align="right">74.8%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">3</td>
<td align="left">Streptococcus pneumoniae</td>
<td align="right">2,476</td>
<td align="right">15.7%</td>
<td align="right">14,279</td>
<td align="right">90.3%</td>
<td align="right">2,443</td>
<td align="right">15.4%</td>
<td align="right">14,302</td>
<td align="right">90.2%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="left">Klebsiella pneumoniae</td>
<td align="right">1,526</td>
<td align="right">9.7%</td>
<td align="right">15,805</td>
<td align="right">1,562</td>
<td align="right">9.8%</td>
<td align="right">15,864</td>
<td align="right">100.0%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<a href="#resistance-percentages" class="anchor"></a>Resistance percentages</h2>
<p>The functions <code>portion_R</code>, <code>portion_RI</code>, <code>portion_I</code>, <code>portion_IS</code> and <code>portion_S</code> can be used to determine the portion of a specific antimicrobial outcome. They can be used on their own:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb25-1" title="1">data_1st <span class="op">%&gt;%</span><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw"><a href="../reference/portion.html">portion_IR</a></span>(amox)</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb25-2" title="2"><span class="co">#&gt; [1] 0.4771275</span></a></code></pre></div>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb25-2" title="2"><span class="co">#&gt; [1] 0.4777484</span></a></code></pre></div>
<p>Or can be used in conjuction with <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html">summarise()</a></code>, both from the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb26-1" title="1">data_1st <span class="op">%&gt;%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb26-2" title="2"><span class="st"> </span><span class="kw"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span>(hospital) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span><span class="st"> </span></a>
@ -984,19 +984,19 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">0.4661749</td>
<td align="center">0.4814277</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">0.4820906</td>
<td align="center">0.4811252</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">0.4847862</td>
<td align="center">0.4843815</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">0.4790875</td>
<td align="center">0.4610721</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1014,23 +1014,23 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">0.4661749</td>
<td align="center">4745</td>
<td align="center">0.4814277</td>
<td align="center">4819</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">0.4820906</td>
<td align="center">5472</td>
<td align="center">0.4811252</td>
<td align="center">5510</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">0.4847862</td>
<td align="center">2432</td>
<td align="center">0.4843815</td>
<td align="center">2401</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">0.4790875</td>
<td align="center">3156</td>
<td align="center">0.4610721</td>
<td align="center">3134</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1050,27 +1050,27 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">0.7332054</td>
<td align="center">0.9033909</td>
<td align="center">0.9754319</td>
<td align="center">0.7180533</td>
<td align="center">0.8983310</td>
<td align="center">0.9704421</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Klebsiella</td>
<td align="center">0.7142857</td>
<td align="center">0.9095675</td>
<td align="center">0.9737877</td>
<td align="center">0.7189501</td>
<td align="center">0.8879641</td>
<td align="center">0.9654289</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">0.7179037</td>
<td align="center">0.9162487</td>
<td align="center">0.9779338</td>
<td align="center">0.7231920</td>
<td align="center">0.9216958</td>
<td align="center">0.9790524</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">0.7289984</td>
<td align="center">0.7372084</td>
<td align="center">0.0000000</td>
<td align="center">0.7289984</td>
<td align="center">0.7372084</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>