# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE                                                                #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis for R                        #
#                                                                      #
# SOURCE                                                               #
# https://github.com/msberends/AMR                                     #
#                                                                      #
# LICENCE                                                              #
# (c) 2018-2020 Berends MS, Luz CF et al.                              #
# Developed at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands, in        #
# collaboration with non-profit organisations Certe Medical            #
# Diagnostics & Advice, and University Medical Center Groningen.       # 
#                                                                      #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute   #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the  #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by  #
# the Free Software Foundation.                                        #
# We created this package for both routine data analysis and academic  #
# research and it was publicly released in the hope that it will be    #
# useful, but it comes WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY.              #
#                                                                      #
# Visit our website for the full manual and a complete tutorial about  #
# how to conduct AMR analysis: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/        #
# ==================================================================== #

#' User-defined reference data set for microorganisms
#'
#' @description These functions can be used to predefine your own reference to be used in [as.mo()] and consequently all `mo_*` functions like [mo_genus()] and [mo_gramstain()].
#'
#' This is **the fastest way** to have your organisation (or analysis) specific codes picked up and translated by this package.
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable lifecycle
#' @param path location of your reference file, see Details. Can be `""`, `NULL` or `FALSE` to delete the reference file.
#' @param destination destination of the compressed data file, default to the user's home directory.
#' @rdname mo_source
#' @name mo_source
#' @aliases set_mo_source get_mo_source
#' @details The reference file can be a text file separated with commas (CSV) or tabs or pipes, an Excel file (either 'xls' or 'xlsx' format) or an R object file (extension '.rds'). To use an Excel file, you will need to have the `readxl` package installed.
#'
#' [set_mo_source()] will check the file for validity: it must be a [data.frame], must have a column named `"mo"` which contains values from [`microorganisms$mo`][microorganisms] and must have a reference column with your own defined values. If all tests pass, [set_mo_source()] will read the file into R and will ask to export it to `"~/mo_source.rds"`. The CRAN policy disallows packages to write to the file system, although '*exceptions may be allowed in interactive sessions if the package obtains confirmation from the user*'. For this reason, this function only works in interactive sessions so that the user can **specifically confirm and allow** that this file will be created. The destination of this file can be set with the `destination` parameter and defaults to the user's home directory. It can also be set as an \R option, using `options(AMR_mo_source = "my/location/file.rds)`.
#' 
#' The created compressed data file `"mo_source.rds"` will be used at default for MO determination (function [as.mo()] and consequently all `mo_*` functions like [mo_genus()] and [mo_gramstain()]). The location and timestamp of the original file will be saved as an attribute to the compressed data file. 
#' 
#' The function [get_mo_source()] will return the data set by reading `"mo_source.rds"` with [readRDS()]. If the original file has changed (by checking the location and timestamp of the original file), it will call [set_mo_source()] to update the data file automatically if used in an interactive session.
#'
#' Reading an Excel file (`.xlsx`) with only one row has a size of 8-9 kB. The compressed file created with [set_mo_source()] will then have a size of 0.1 kB and can be read by [get_mo_source()] in only a couple of microseconds (millionths of a second).
#' 
#' @section How to setup:
#' 
#' Imagine this data on a sheet of an Excel file (mo codes were looked up in the [microorganisms] data set). The first column contains the organisation specific codes, the second column contains an MO code from this package:
#' 
#' ```
#'   |         A          |       B      |
#' --|--------------------|--------------|
#' 1 | Organisation XYZ   | mo           |
#' 2 | lab_mo_ecoli       | B_ESCHR_COLI |
#' 3 | lab_mo_kpneumoniae | B_KLBSL_PNMN |
#' 4 |                    |              |
#' ```
#'
#' We save it as `"home/me/ourcodes.xlsx"`. Now we have to set it as a source:
#' 
#' ```
#' set_mo_source("home/me/ourcodes.xlsx")
#' #> NOTE: Created mo_source file '/Users/me/mo_source.rds' (0.3 kB) from
#' #>       '/Users/me/Documents/ourcodes.xlsx' (9 kB), columns 
#' #>       "Organisation XYZ" and "mo"
#' ```
#'
#' It has now created a file `"~/mo_source.rds"` with the contents of our Excel file. Only the first column with foreign values and the 'mo' column will be kept when creating the RDS file.
#'
#' And now we can use it in our functions:
#' 
#' ```
#' as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
#' #> Class <mo>
#' #> [1] B_ESCHR_COLI
#'
#' mo_genus("lab_mo_kpneumoniae")
#' #> [1] "Klebsiella"
#'
#' # other input values still work too
#' as.mo(c("Escherichia coli", "E. coli", "lab_mo_ecoli"))
#' #> NOTE: Translation to one microorganism was guessed with uncertainty.
#' #>       Use mo_uncertainties() to review it.
#' #> Class <mo>
#' #> [1] B_ESCHR_COLI B_ESCHR_COLI B_ESCHR_COLI
#' ```
#'
#' If we edit the Excel file by, let's say, adding row 4 like this:
#' 
#' ```
#'   |         A          |       B      |
#' --|--------------------|--------------|
#' 1 | Organisation XYZ   | mo           |
#' 2 | lab_mo_ecoli       | B_ESCHR_COLI |
#' 3 | lab_mo_kpneumoniae | B_KLBSL_PNMN |
#' 4 | lab_Staph_aureus   | B_STPHY_AURS |
#' 5 |                    |              |
#' ```
#'
#' ...any new usage of an MO function in this package will update your data file:
#' 
#' ```
#' as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
#' #> NOTE: Updated mo_source file '/Users/me/mo_source.rds' (0.3 kB) from 
#' #>       '/Users/me/Documents/ourcodes.xlsx' (9  kB), columns
#' #>        "Organisation XYZ" and "mo"
#' #> Class <mo>
#' #> [1] B_ESCHR_COLI
#'
#' mo_genus("lab_Staph_aureus")
#' #> [1] "Staphylococcus"
#' ```
#'
#' To delete the reference data file, just use `""`, `NULL` or `FALSE` as input for [set_mo_source()]:
#' 
#' ```
#' set_mo_source(NULL)
#' #> Removed mo_source file '/Users/me/mo_source.rds'
#' ```
#' 
#' If the original Excel file is moved or deleted, the mo_source file will be removed upon the next use of [as.mo()].
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
set_mo_source <- function(path, destination = getOption("AMR_mo_source", "~/mo_source.rds")) {
  meet_criteria(path, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE)
  meet_criteria(destination, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1)
  stop_ifnot(destination %like% "[.]rds$", "the `destination` must be a file location with file extension .rds")
  
  mo_source_destination <- path.expand(destination)
  
  stop_ifnot(interactive(), "This function can only be used in interactive mode, since it must ask for the user's permission to write a file to their home folder.")

  if (is.null(path) || path %in% c(FALSE, "")) {
    mo_env$mo_source <- NULL
    if (file.exists(mo_source_destination)) {
      unlink(mo_source_destination)
      message_("Removed mo_source file '", font_bold(mo_source_destination), "'",
               add_fn = font_red,
               as_note = FALSE)
    }
    return(invisible())
  }
  
  stop_ifnot(file.exists(path), "file not found: ", path)
  
  if (path %like% "[.]rds$") {
    df <- readRDS(path)
    
  } else if (path %like% "[.]xlsx?$") {
    # is Excel file (old or new)
    read_excel <- import_fn("read_excel", "readxl")
    df <- read_excel(path)
    
  } else if (path %like% "[.]tsv$") {
    df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = "\t", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
    
  } else {
    # try comma first
    try(
      df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = ",", stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
      silent = TRUE)
    if (!mo_source_isvalid(df, stop_on_error = FALSE)) {
      # try tab
      try(
        df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = "\t", stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
        silent = TRUE)
    }
    if (!mo_source_isvalid(df, stop_on_error = FALSE)) {
      # try pipe
      try(
        df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = "|", stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
        silent = TRUE)
    }
  }
  
  # check integrity
  mo_source_isvalid(df)
  
  df <- subset(df, !is.na(mo))
  
  # keep only first two columns, second must be mo
  if (colnames(df)[1] == "mo") {
    df <- df[, c(colnames(df)[2], "mo")]
  } else {
    df <- df[, c(colnames(df)[1], "mo")]
  }
  
  df <- as.data.frame(df, stringAsFactors = FALSE)
  df[, "mo"] <- set_clean_class(df[, "mo", drop = TRUE], c("mo", "character"))
  
  # success
  if (file.exists(mo_source_destination)) {
    action <- "Updated"
  } else {
    action <- "Created"
    # only ask when file is created, not when it is updated
    txt <- paste0(word_wrap(paste0("This will write create the new file '", 
                                   mo_source_destination, 
                                   "', for which your permission is needed.")),
                  "\n\n",
                  word_wrap("Do you agree that this file will be created?"))
    if ("rsasdtudioapi" %in% rownames(utils::installed.packages())) {
      showQuestion <- import_fn("showQuestion", "rstudioapi")
      q_continue <- showQuestion("Create new file in home directory", txt)
    } else {
      q_continue <- utils::menu(choices = c("OK", "Cancel"), graphics = FALSE, title = txt)
    }
    if (q_continue %in% c(FALSE, 2)) {
      return(invisible())
    }
  }
  attr(df, "mo_source_location") <- path
  attr(df, "mo_source_timestamp") <- file.mtime(path)
  saveRDS(df, mo_source_destination)
  mo_env$mo_source <- df
  message_(action, " mo_source file '", font_bold(mo_source_destination),
           "' (", formatted_filesize(mo_source_destination),
           ") from '", font_bold(path),
           "' (", formatted_filesize(path),
           '), columns "', colnames(df)[1], '" and "', colnames(df)[2], '"')
}

#' @rdname mo_source
#' @export
get_mo_source <- function(destination = getOption("AMR_mo_source", "~/mo_source.rds")) {
  if (!file.exists(path.expand(destination))) {
    if (interactive()) {
      # source file might have been deleted, update reference
      set_mo_source("")
    }
    return(NULL)
  }
  if (is.null(mo_env$mo_source)) {
    mo_env$mo_source <- readRDS(path.expand(destination))
  }
  
  old_time <- attributes(mo_env$mo_source)$mo_source_timestamp
  new_time <- file.mtime(attributes(mo_env$mo_source)$mo_source_location)
  if (interactive() && !identical(old_time, new_time)) {
    # source file was updated, also update reference
    set_mo_source(attributes(mo_env$mo_source)$mo_source_location)
  }
  mo_env$mo_source
}

mo_source_isvalid <- function(x, refer_to_name = "`reference_df`", stop_on_error = TRUE) {
  check_dataset_integrity()
  
  if (paste(deparse(substitute(x)), collapse = "") == "get_mo_source()") {
    return(TRUE)
  }
  if (is.null(mo_env$mo_source) && (identical(x, get_mo_source()))) {
    return(TRUE)
  }
  if (is.null(x)) {
    if (stop_on_error == TRUE) {
      stop_(refer_to_name, " cannot be NULL", call = FALSE)
    } else {
      return(FALSE)
    }
  }
  if (!is.data.frame(x)) {
    if (stop_on_error == TRUE) {
      stop_(refer_to_name, " must be a data.frame", call = FALSE)
    } else {
      return(FALSE)
    }
  }
  if (!"mo" %in% colnames(x)) {
    if (stop_on_error == TRUE) {
      stop_(refer_to_name, " must contain a column 'mo'", call = FALSE)
    } else {
      return(FALSE)
    }
  }
  if (!all(x$mo %in% c("", microorganisms$mo, microorganisms.translation$mo_old), na.rm = TRUE)) {
    if (stop_on_error == TRUE) {
      invalid <- x[which(!x$mo %in% c("", microorganisms$mo, microorganisms.translation$mo_old)), , drop = FALSE]
      if (nrow(invalid) > 1) {
        plural <- "s"
      } else {
        plural <- ""
      }
      stop_("Value", plural, " ", paste0("'", invalid[, 1, drop = TRUE], "'", collapse = ", "), 
           " found in ", tolower(refer_to_name), 
           ", but with invalid microorganism code", plural, " ", paste0("'", invalid$mo, "'", collapse = ", "),
           call = FALSE)
    } else {
      return(FALSE)
    }
  }
  if (colnames(x)[1] != "mo" & nrow(x) > length(unique(x[, 1, drop = TRUE]))) {
    if (stop_on_error == TRUE) {
      stop_(refer_to_name, " contains duplicate values in column '", colnames(x)[1], "'", call = FALSE)
    } else {
      return(FALSE)
    }
  }
  if (colnames(x)[2] != "mo" & nrow(x) > length(unique(x[, 2, drop = TRUE]))) {
    if (stop_on_error == TRUE) {
      stop_(refer_to_name, " contains duplicate values in column '", colnames(x)[2], "'", call = FALSE)
    } else {
      return(FALSE)
    }
  }
  return(TRUE)
}