# ==================================================================== # # TITLE # # Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis # # # # SOURCE # # https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR # # # # LICENCE # # (c) 2018-2020 Berends MS, Luz CF et al. # # # # This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute # # it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the # # GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by # # the Free Software Foundation. # # # # We created this package for both routine data analysis and academic # # research and it was publicly released in the hope that it will be # # useful, but it comes WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. # # Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. # # ==================================================================== # # global variables EUCAST_VERSION_BREAKPOINTS <- "10.0, 2020" EUCAST_VERSION_EXPERT_RULES <- "3.1, 2016" #' Apply EUCAST rules #' #' @description #' Apply susceptibility rules as defined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, ), see *Source*. This includes (1) expert rules and intrinsic resistance and (2) inferred resistance as defined in their breakpoint tables. #' #' To improve the interpretation of the antibiogram before EUCAST rules are applied, some non-EUCAST rules are applied at default, see Details. #' @inheritSection lifecycle Maturing lifecycle #' @param x data with antibiotic columns, like e.g. `AMX` and `AMC` #' @param info print progress #' @param rules a character vector that specifies which rules should be applied. Must be one or more of `"breakpoints"`, `"expert"`, `"other"`, `"all"`, and defaults to `c("breakpoints", "expert")`. The default value can be set to another value using e.g. `options(AMR.eucast_rules = "all")`. #' @param verbose a logical to turn Verbose mode on and off (default is off). In Verbose mode, the function does not apply rules to the data, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which rows and columns would be effected and in which way. #' @param ... column name of an antibiotic, please see section *Antibiotics* below #' @inheritParams first_isolate #' @details #' **Note:** This function does not translate MIC values to RSI values. Use [as.rsi()] for that. \cr #' **Note:** When ampicillin (AMP, J01CA01) is not available but amoxicillin (AMX, J01CA04) is, the latter will be used for all rules where there is a dependency on ampicillin. These drugs are interchangeable when it comes to expression of antimicrobial resistance. #' #' Before further processing, some non-EUCAST rules can be applied to improve the efficacy of the EUCAST rules. These non-EUCAST rules, that are then applied to all isolates, are: #' - Inherit amoxicillin (AMX) from ampicillin (AMP), where amoxicillin (AMX) is unavailable; #' - Inherit ampicillin (AMP) from amoxicillin (AMX), where ampicillin (AMP) is unavailable; #' - Set amoxicillin (AMX) = R where amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) = R; #' - Set piperacillin (PIP) = R where piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) = R; #' - Set trimethoprim (TMP) = R where trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) = R; #' - Set amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC) = S where amoxicillin (AMX) = S; #' - Set piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) = S where piperacillin (PIP) = S; #' - Set trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) = S where trimethoprim (TMP) = S. #' #' These rules are not applied at default, since they are not approved by EUCAST. To use these rules, please use `eucast_rules(..., rules = "all")`, or set the default behaviour of the `[eucast_rules()]` function with `options(AMR.eucast_rules = "all")` (or any other valid input value(s) to the `rules` parameter). #' #' The file containing all EUCAST rules is located here: . #' #' @section Antibiotics: #' To define antibiotics column names, leave as it is to determine it automatically with [guess_ab_col()] or input a text (case-insensitive), or use `NULL` to skip a column (e.g. `TIC = NULL` to skip ticarcillin). Manually defined but non-existing columns will be skipped with a warning. #' #' The following antibiotics are used for the functions [eucast_rules()] and [mdro()]. These are shown below in the format '**antimicrobial ID**: name ([ATC code](https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/))', sorted by name: #' #' **AMK**: amikacin ([J01GB06](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB06)), #' **AMX**: amoxicillin ([J01CA04](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA04)), #' **AMC**: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid ([J01CR02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR02)), #' **AMP**: ampicillin ([J01CA01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA01)), #' **SAM**: ampicillin/sulbactam ([J01CR01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR01)), #' **AZM**: azithromycin ([J01FA10](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA10)), #' **AZL**: azlocillin ([J01CA09](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA09)), #' **ATM**: aztreonam ([J01DF01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DF01)), #' **CAP**: capreomycin ([J04AB30](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB30)), #' **RID**: cefaloridine ([J01DB02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB02)), #' **CZO**: cefazolin ([J01DB04](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB04)), #' **FEP**: cefepime ([J01DE01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DE01)), #' **CTX**: cefotaxime ([J01DD01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD01)), #' **CTT**: cefotetan ([J01DC05](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC05)), #' **FOX**: cefoxitin ([J01DC01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC01)), #' **CPT**: ceftaroline ([J01DI02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DI02)), #' **CAZ**: ceftazidime ([J01DD02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD02)), #' **CRO**: ceftriaxone ([J01DD04](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD04)), #' **CXM**: cefuroxime ([J01DC02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC02)), #' **CED**: cephradine ([J01DB09](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB09)), #' **CHL**: chloramphenicol ([J01BA01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01BA01)), #' **CIP**: ciprofloxacin ([J01MA02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA02)), #' **CLR**: clarithromycin ([J01FA09](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA09)), #' **CLI**: clindamycin ([J01FF01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF01)), #' **COL**: colistin ([J01XB01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB01)), #' **DAP**: daptomycin ([J01XX09](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX09)), #' **DOR**: doripenem ([J01DH04](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH04)), #' **DOX**: doxycycline ([J01AA02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA02)), #' **ETP**: ertapenem ([J01DH03](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH03)), #' **ERY**: erythromycin ([J01FA01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA01)), #' **ETH**: ethambutol ([J04AK02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK02)), #' **FLC**: flucloxacillin ([J01CF05](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF05)), #' **FOS**: fosfomycin ([J01XX01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX01)), #' **FUS**: fusidic acid ([J01XC01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XC01)), #' **GAT**: gatifloxacin ([J01MA16](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA16)), #' **GEN**: gentamicin ([J01GB03](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB03)), #' **GEH**: gentamicin-high (no ATC code), #' **IPM**: imipenem ([J01DH51](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH51)), #' **INH**: isoniazid ([J04AC01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AC01)), #' **KAN**: kanamycin ([J01GB04](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB04)), #' **LVX**: levofloxacin ([J01MA12](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA12)), #' **LIN**: lincomycin ([J01FF02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF02)), #' **LNZ**: linezolid ([J01XX08](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX08)), #' **MEM**: meropenem ([J01DH02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH02)), #' **MTR**: metronidazole ([J01XD01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XD01)), #' **MEZ**: mezlocillin ([J01CA10](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA10)), #' **MNO**: minocycline ([J01AA08](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA08)), #' **MFX**: moxifloxacin ([J01MA14](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA14)), #' **NAL**: nalidixic acid ([J01MB02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MB02)), #' **NEO**: neomycin ([J01GB05](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB05)), #' **NET**: netilmicin ([J01GB07](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB07)), #' **NIT**: nitrofurantoin ([J01XE01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XE01)), #' **NOR**: norfloxacin ([J01MA06](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA06)), #' **NOV**: novobiocin ([QJ01XX95](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=QJ01XX95)), #' **OFX**: ofloxacin ([J01MA01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA01)), #' **OXA**: oxacillin ([J01CF04](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF04)), #' **PEN**: penicillin G ([J01CE01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01)), #' **PIP**: piperacillin ([J01CA12](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA12)), #' **TZP**: piperacillin/tazobactam ([J01CR05](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR05)), #' **PLB**: polymyxin B ([J01XB02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB02)), #' **PRI**: pristinamycin ([J01FG01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG01)), #' **PZA**: pyrazinamide ([J04AK01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK01)), #' **QDA**: quinupristin/dalfopristin ([J01FG02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG02)), #' **RIB**: rifabutin ([J04AB04](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB04)), #' **RIF**: rifampicin ([J04AB02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB02)), #' **RFP**: rifapentine ([J04AB05](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB05)), #' **RXT**: roxithromycin ([J01FA06](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA06)), #' **SIS**: sisomicin ([J01GB08](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB08)), #' **STH**: streptomycin-high (no ATC code), #' **TEC**: teicoplanin ([J01XA02](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA02)), #' **TLV**: telavancin ([J01XA03](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA03)), #' **TCY**: tetracycline ([J01AA07](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA07)), #' **TIC**: ticarcillin ([J01CA13](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA13)), #' **TCC**: ticarcillin/clavulanic acid ([J01CR03](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR03)), #' **TGC**: tigecycline ([J01AA12](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA12)), #' **TOB**: tobramycin ([J01GB01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB01)), #' **TMP**: trimethoprim ([J01EA01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EA01)), #' **SXT**: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole ([J01EE01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EE01)), #' **VAN**: vancomycin ([J01XA01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA01)). #' @aliases EUCAST #' @rdname eucast_rules #' @export #' @return The input of `x`, possibly with edited values of antibiotics. Or, if `verbose = TRUE`, a [`data.frame`] with all original and new values of the affected bug-drug combinations. #' @source #' - EUCAST Expert Rules. Version 2.0, 2012. \cr #' Leclercq et al. **EUCAST expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.** *Clin Microbiol Infect.* 2013;19(2):141-60. \cr #' #' - EUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables. Version 3.1, 2016. \cr #' #' - EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0, 2019. \cr #' #' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website! #' @examples #' \donttest{ #' a <- data.frame(mo = c("Staphylococcus aureus", #' "Enterococcus faecalis", #' "Escherichia coli", #' "Klebsiella pneumoniae", #' "Pseudomonas aeruginosa"), #' VAN = "-", # Vancomycin #' AMX = "-", # Amoxicillin #' COL = "-", # Colistin #' CAZ = "-", # Ceftazidime #' CXM = "-", # Cefuroxime #' PEN = "S", # Penicillin G #' FOX = "S", # Cefoxitin #' stringsAsFactors = FALSE) #' #' a #' # mo VAN AMX COL CAZ CXM PEN FOX #' # 1 Staphylococcus aureus - - - - - S S #' # 2 Enterococcus faecalis - - - - - S S #' # 3 Escherichia coli - - - - - S S #' # 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae - - - - - S S #' # 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa - - - - - S S #' #' #' # apply EUCAST rules: 18 results are forced as R or S #' b <- eucast_rules(a) #' #' b #' # mo VAN AMX COL CAZ CXM PEN FOX #' # 1 Staphylococcus aureus - S R R S S S #' # 2 Enterococcus faecalis - - R R R S R #' # 3 Escherichia coli R - - - - R S #' # 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae R R - - - R S #' # 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa R R - - R R R #' #' #' # do not apply EUCAST rules, but rather get a data.frame #' # with 18 rows, containing all details about the transformations: #' c <- eucast_rules(a, verbose = TRUE) #' } eucast_rules <- function(x, col_mo = NULL, info = interactive(), rules = getOption("AMR.eucast_rules", default = c("breakpoints", "expert")), verbose = FALSE, ...) { check_dataset_integrity() if (verbose == TRUE & interactive()) { txt <- paste0("WARNING: In Verbose mode, the eucast_rules() function does not apply rules to the data, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which rows and columns would be effected and in which way.", "\n\nThis may overwrite your existing data if you use e.g.:", "\ndata <- eucast_rules(data, verbose = TRUE)\n\nDo you want to continue?") if ("rstudioapi" %in% rownames(utils::installed.packages())) { showQuestion <- import_fn("showQuestion", "rstudioapi") q_continue <- showQuestion("Using verbose = TRUE with eucast_rules()", txt) } else { q_continue <- utils::menu(choices = c("OK", "Cancel"), graphics = FALSE, title = txt) } if (q_continue %in% c(FALSE, 2)) { message("Cancelled, returning original data") return(x) } } if (!is.data.frame(x)) { stop("`x` must be a data frame.", call. = FALSE) } # try to find columns based on type # -- mo if (is.null(col_mo)) { col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo") } if (is.null(col_mo)) { stop("`col_mo` must be set.", call. = FALSE) } if (!all(rules %in% c("breakpoints", "expert", "other", "all"))) { stop('`rules` must be one or more of: "breakpoints", "expert", "other", "all".') } if (is.null(col_mo)) { stop("`col_mo` must be set") } decimal.mark <- getOption("OutDec") big.mark <- ifelse(decimal.mark != ",", ",", ".") formatnr <- function(x, big = big.mark, dec = decimal.mark) { trimws(format(x, big.mark = big, decimal.mark = dec)) } warned <- FALSE warn_lacking_rsi_class <- FALSE txt_error <- function() { if (info == TRUE) cat("", font_red_bg(font_white(" ERROR ")), "\n\n") } txt_warning <- function() { if (warned == FALSE) { if (info == TRUE) cat("", font_yellow_bg(font_black(" WARNING "))) } warned <<- TRUE } txt_ok <- function(no_added, no_changed) { if (warned == FALSE) { if (no_added + no_changed == 0) { cat(font_subtle(" (no changes)\n")) } else { # opening cat(font_grey(" (")) # additions if (no_added > 0) { if (no_added == 1) { cat(font_green("1 value added")) } else { cat(font_green(formatnr(no_added), "values added")) } } # separator if (no_added > 0 & no_changed > 0) { cat(font_grey(", ")) } # changes if (no_changed > 0) { if (no_changed == 1) { cat(font_blue("1 value changed")) } else { cat(font_blue(formatnr(no_changed), "values changed")) } } # closing cat(font_grey(")\n")) } warned <<- FALSE } } cols_ab <- get_column_abx(x = x, soft_dependencies = c("AMC", "AMK", "AMX", "AMP", "AZM", "AZL", "ATM", "RID", "FEP", "CTX", "FOX", "CED", "CAZ", "CRO", "CXM", "CHL", "CIP", "CLR", "CLI", "FLC", "COL", "CZO", "DAP", "DOX", "ETP", "ERY", "FOS", "FUS", "GEN", "IPM", "KAN", "LVX", "LIN", "LNZ", "MEM", "MEZ", "MNO", "MFX", "NAL", "NEO", "NET", "NIT", "NOR", "NOV", "OFX", "OXA", "PEN", "PIP", "TZP", "PLB", "PRI", "QDA", "RIF", "RXT", "SIS", "TEC", "TCY", "TIC", "TGC", "TOB", "TMP", "SXT", "VAN"), hard_dependencies = NULL, verbose = verbose, ...) AMC <- cols_ab["AMC"] AMK <- cols_ab["AMK"] AMP <- cols_ab["AMP"] AMX <- cols_ab["AMX"] ATM <- cols_ab["ATM"] AZL <- cols_ab["AZL"] AZM <- cols_ab["AZM"] CAZ <- cols_ab["CAZ"] CED <- cols_ab["CED"] CHL <- cols_ab["CHL"] CIP <- cols_ab["CIP"] CLI <- cols_ab["CLI"] CLR <- cols_ab["CLR"] COL <- cols_ab["COL"] CRO <- cols_ab["CRO"] CTX <- cols_ab["CTX"] CXM <- cols_ab["CXM"] CZO <- cols_ab["CZO"] DAP <- cols_ab["DAP"] DOX <- cols_ab["DOX"] ERY <- cols_ab["ERY"] ETP <- cols_ab["ETP"] FEP <- cols_ab["FEP"] FLC <- cols_ab["FLC"] FOS <- cols_ab["FOS"] FOX <- cols_ab["FOX"] FUS <- cols_ab["FUS"] GEN <- cols_ab["GEN"] IPM <- cols_ab["IPM"] KAN <- cols_ab["KAN"] LIN <- cols_ab["LIN"] LNZ <- cols_ab["LNZ"] LVX <- cols_ab["LVX"] MEM <- cols_ab["MEM"] MEZ <- cols_ab["MEZ"] MFX <- cols_ab["MFX"] MNO <- cols_ab["MNO"] NAL <- cols_ab["NAL"] NEO <- cols_ab["NEO"] NET <- cols_ab["NET"] NIT <- cols_ab["NIT"] NOR <- cols_ab["NOR"] NOV <- cols_ab["NOV"] OFX <- cols_ab["OFX"] OXA <- cols_ab["OXA"] PEN <- cols_ab["PEN"] PIP <- cols_ab["PIP"] PLB <- cols_ab["PLB"] PRI <- cols_ab["PRI"] QDA <- cols_ab["QDA"] RID <- cols_ab["RID"] RIF <- cols_ab["RIF"] RXT <- cols_ab["RXT"] SAM <- cols_ab["SAM"] SIS <- cols_ab["SIS"] SXT <- cols_ab["SXT"] TCY <- cols_ab["TCY"] TEC <- cols_ab["TEC"] TGC <- cols_ab["TGC"] TIC <- cols_ab["TIC"] TMP <- cols_ab["TMP"] TOB <- cols_ab["TOB"] TZP <- cols_ab["TZP"] VAN <- cols_ab["VAN"] ab_missing <- function(ab) { all(ab %in% c(NULL, NA)) } verbose_info <- data.frame(row = integer(0), col = character(0), mo_fullname = character(0), old = as.rsi(character(0)), new = as.rsi(character(0)), rule = character(0), rule_group = character(0), rule_name = character(0), stringsAsFactors = FALSE) # helper function for editing the table edit_rsi <- function(to, rule, rows, cols) { cols <- unique(cols[!is.na(cols) & !is.null(cols)]) if (length(rows) > 0 & length(cols) > 0) { before_df <- x_original if (any(!sapply(x[, cols, drop = FALSE], is.rsi), na.rm = TRUE)) { warn_lacking_rsi_class <<- TRUE } tryCatch( # insert into original table x_original[rows, cols] <<- to, warning = function(w) { if (w$message %like% "invalid factor level") { xyz <- sapply(cols, function(col) { x_original[, col] <<- factor(x = as.character(pull(x_original, col)), levels = c(to, levels(pull(x_original, col)))) x[, col] <<- factor(x = as.character(pull(x, col)), levels = c(to, levels(pull(x, col)))) invisible() }) x_original[rows, cols] <<- to warning('Value "', to, '" added to the factor levels of column(s) `', paste(cols, collapse = "`, `"), "` because this value was not an existing factor level.\nA better way is to use as.rsi() on beforehand on antimicrobial columns to guarantee the right structure.", call. = FALSE) txt_warning() warned <<- FALSE } else { warning(w$message, call. = FALSE) txt_warning() cat("\n") # txt_warning() does not append a "\n" on itself } }, error = function(e) { txt_error() stop(paste0("In row(s) ", paste(rows[1:min(length(rows), 10)], collapse = ","), ifelse(length(rows) > 10, "...", ""), " while writing value '", to, "' to column(s) `", paste(cols, collapse = "`, `"), "`:\n", e$message), call. = FALSE) } ) tryCatch( x[rows, cols] <<- x_original[rows, cols], error = function(e) { stop(paste0("In row(s) ", paste(rows[1:min(length(rows), 10)], collapse = ","), "... while writing value '", to, "' to column(s) `", paste(cols, collapse = "`, `"), "`:\n", e$message), call. = FALSE) } ) # before_df might not be a data.frame, but a tibble or data.table instead old <- as.data.frame(before_df, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)[rows, ] track_changes <- list(added = 0, changed = 0) for (i in seq_len(length(cols))) { verbose_new <- data.frame(row = rows, col = cols[i], mo_fullname = x[rows, "fullname"], old = as.rsi(as.character(old[, cols[i]]), warn = FALSE), new = as.rsi(as.character(x[rows, cols[i]])), rule = font_stripstyle(rule[1]), rule_group = font_stripstyle(rule[2]), rule_name = font_stripstyle(rule[3]), stringsAsFactors = FALSE) colnames(verbose_new) <- c("row", "col", "mo_fullname", "old", "new", "rule", "rule_group", "rule_name") verbose_new <- verbose_new %>% filter(old != new | is.na(old)) # save changes to data set 'verbose_info' verbose_info <<- rbind(verbose_info, verbose_new) # count adds and changes track_changes$added <- track_changes$added + verbose_new %>% filter(is.na(old)) %>% nrow() track_changes$changed <- track_changes$changed + verbose_new %>% filter(!is.na(old)) %>% nrow() } # after the applied changes: return list with counts of added and changed return(track_changes) } # no changes were applied: return number of (new) changes: none. return(list(added = 0, changed = 0)) } # save original table x_original <- x x_original_attr <- attributes(x) x_original <- as.data.frame(x_original, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) # no tibbles, data.tables, etc. # join to microorganisms data set x <- as.data.frame(x, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) x[, col_mo] <- as.mo(x[, col_mo, drop = TRUE]) x <- x %>% left_join_microorganisms(by = col_mo, suffix = c("_oldcols", "")) x$gramstain <- mo_gramstain(x[, col_mo, drop = TRUE], language = NULL) x$genus_species <- paste(x$genus, x$species) if (ab_missing(AMP) & !ab_missing(AMX)) { # ampicillin column is missing, but amoxicillin is available message(font_blue(paste0("NOTE: Using column `", font_bold(AMX), "` as input for ampicillin (J01CA01) since many EUCAST rules depend on it."))) AMP <- AMX } # nolint start # antibiotic classes aminoglycosides <- c(TOB, GEN, KAN, NEO, NET, SIS) tetracyclines <- c(DOX, MNO, TCY) # since EUCAST v3.1 tigecycline (TGC) is set apart polymyxins <- c(PLB, COL) macrolides <- c(ERY, AZM, RXT, CLR) # since EUCAST v3.1 clinda is set apart glycopeptides <- c(VAN, TEC) streptogramins <- c(QDA, PRI) # should officially also be quinupristin/dalfopristin aminopenicillins <- c(AMP, AMX) cephalosporins <- c(FEP, CTX, FOX, CED, CAZ, CRO, CXM, CZO) cephalosporins_except_CAZ <- cephalosporins[cephalosporins != ifelse(is.null(CAZ), "", CAZ)] carbapenems <- c(ETP, IPM, MEM) ureidopenicillins <- c(PIP, TZP, AZL, MEZ) all_betalactams <- c(aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, ureidopenicillins, AMC, OXA, FLC, PEN) fluoroquinolones <- c(OFX, CIP, NOR, LVX, MFX) # nolint end # Help function to get available antibiotic column names ------------------ get_antibiotic_columns <- function(x, df) { x <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(x, ",", fixed = TRUE))) y <- character(0) for (i in seq_len(length(x))) { if (is.function(get(x[i]))) { stop("Column ", x[i], " is also a function. Please create an issue on github.com/msberends/AMR/issues.") } y <- c(y, tryCatch(get(x[i]), error = function(e) "")) } y[y != "" & y %in% colnames(df)] } get_antibiotic_names <- function(x) { x <- x %>% strsplit(",") %>% unlist() %>% trimws() %>% sapply(function(x) if (x %in% antibiotics$ab) ab_name(x, language = NULL, tolower = TRUE) else x) %>% sort() %>% paste(collapse = ", ") x <- gsub("_", " ", x, fixed = TRUE) x <- gsub("except CAZ", paste("except", ab_name("CAZ", language = NULL, tolower = TRUE)), x, fixed = TRUE) x } format_antibiotic_names <- function(ab_names, ab_results) { ab_names <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(ab_names, ","))) ab_results <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(ab_results, ","))) if (length(ab_results) == 1) { if (length(ab_names) == 1) { # like FOX S x <- paste(ab_names, "is") } else if (length(ab_names) == 2) { # like PEN,FOX S x <- paste(paste0(ab_names, collapse = " and "), "are both") } else { # like PEN,FOX,GEN S (although dependency on > 2 ABx does not exist at the moment) x <- paste(paste0(ab_names, collapse = " and "), "are all") } return(paste0(x, " '", ab_results, "'")) } else { if (length(ab_names) == 2) { # like PEN,FOX S,R paste0(ab_names[1], " is '", ab_results[1], "' and ", ab_names[2], " is '", ab_results[2], "'") } else { # like PEN,FOX,GEN S,R,R (although dependency on > 2 ABx does not exist at the moment) paste0(ab_names[1], " is '", ab_results[1], "' and ", ab_names[2], " is '", ab_results[2], "' and ", ab_names[3], " is '", ab_results[3], "'") } } } as.rsi_no_warning <- function(x) suppressWarnings(as.rsi(x)) no_added <- 0 no_changed <- 0 # Other rules: enzyme inhibitors ------------------------------------------ if (any(c("all", "other") %in% rules)) { if (info == TRUE) { cat(font_bold(paste0("\nRules by this AMR package (", font_red(paste0("v", utils::packageVersion("AMR"), ", ", format(utils::packageDate("AMR"), "%Y"))), "), see ?eucast_rules\n"))) } ab_enzyme <- subset(antibiotics, name %like% "/")[, c("ab", "name")] ab_enzyme$base_name <- gsub("^([a-zA-Z0-9]+).*", "\\1", ab_enzyme$name) ab_enzyme$base_ab <- as.ab(ab_enzyme$base_name) for (i in seq_len(nrow(ab_enzyme))) { if (all(c(ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab, ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab) %in% names(cols_ab), na.rm = TRUE)) { ab_name_base <- ab_name(cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab], language = NULL, tolower = TRUE) ab_name_enzyme <- ab_name(cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab], language = NULL, tolower = TRUE) # Set base to R where base + enzyme inhibitor is R rule_current <- paste0("Set ", ab_name_base, " (", cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab], ") = R where ", ab_name_enzyme, " (", cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab], ") = R") if (info == TRUE) { cat(rule_current) } run_changes <- edit_rsi(to = "R", rule = c(rule_current, "Other rules", ""), rows = which(as.rsi_no_warning(x[, cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab]]) == "R"), cols = cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab]) no_added <- no_added + run_changes$added no_changed <- no_changed + run_changes$changed # Print number of new changes if (info == TRUE) { # print only on last one of rules in this group txt_ok(no_added = no_added, no_changed = no_changed) # and reset counters no_added <- 0 no_changed <- 0 } # Set base + enzyme inhibitor to S where base is S rule_current <- paste0("Set ", ab_name_enzyme, " (", cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab], ") = S where ", ab_name_base, " (", cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab], ") = S") if (info == TRUE) { cat(rule_current) } run_changes <- edit_rsi(to = "S", rule = c(rule_current, "Other rules", ""), rows = which(as.rsi_no_warning(x[, cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab]]) == "S"), cols = cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab]) no_added <- no_added + run_changes$added no_changed <- no_changed + run_changes$changed # Print number of new changes if (info == TRUE) { # print only on last one of rules in this group txt_ok(no_added = no_added, no_changed = no_changed) # and reset counters no_added <- 0 no_changed <- 0 } } } } else { if (info == TRUE) { cat(font_red("\nSkipping inheritance rules defined by this package, such as setting trimethoprim (TMP) = R where trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) = R.\nUse eucast_rules(..., rules = \"all\") to also apply those rules.\n")) } } # Official EUCAST rules --------------------------------------------------- eucast_notification_shown <- FALSE eucast_rules_df <- eucast_rules_file # internal data file for (i in seq_len(nrow(eucast_rules_df))) { rule_previous <- eucast_rules_df[max(1, i - 1), "reference.rule"] rule_current <- eucast_rules_df[i, "reference.rule"] rule_next <- eucast_rules_df[min(nrow(eucast_rules_df), i + 1), "reference.rule"] rule_group_previous <- eucast_rules_df[max(1, i - 1), "reference.rule_group"] rule_group_current <- eucast_rules_df[i, "reference.rule_group"] if (is.na(eucast_rules_df[i, 4])) { rule_text <- paste0("always report as '", eucast_rules_df[i, 7], "': ", get_antibiotic_names(eucast_rules_df[i, 6])) } else { rule_text <- paste0("report as '", eucast_rules_df[i, 7], "' when ", format_antibiotic_names(ab_names = get_antibiotic_names(eucast_rules_df[i, 4]), ab_results = eucast_rules_df[i, 5]), ": ", get_antibiotic_names(eucast_rules_df[i, 6])) } if (i == 1) { rule_previous <- "" rule_group_previous <- "" } if (i == nrow(eucast_rules_df)) { rule_next <- "" } # don't apply rules if user doesn't want to apply them if (rule_group_current %like% "breakpoint" & !any(c("all", "breakpoints") %in% rules)) { next } if (rule_group_current %like% "expert" & !any(c("all", "expert") %in% rules)) { next } if (info == TRUE & !rule_group_current %like% "other" & eucast_notification_shown == FALSE) { cat(paste0("\n", font_grey(strrep("-", options()$width - 1)), "\nRules by the ", font_bold("European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)"), "\n", font_blue("http://eucast.org/"), "\n")) eucast_notification_shown <- TRUE } if (info == TRUE) { # Print rule (group) ------------------------------------------------------ if (rule_group_current != rule_group_previous) { # is new rule group, one of Breakpoints, Expert Rules and Other cat(font_bold( ifelse( rule_group_current %like% "breakpoint", paste0("\nEUCAST Clinical Breakpoints (", font_red(paste0("v", EUCAST_VERSION_BREAKPOINTS)), ")\n"), ifelse( rule_group_current %like% "expert", paste0("\nEUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes (", font_red(paste0("v", EUCAST_VERSION_EXPERT_RULES)), ")\n"), "")))) } # Print rule ------------------------------------------------------------- if (rule_current != rule_previous) { # is new rule within group, print its name if (rule_current %in% c(microorganisms$family, microorganisms$fullname)) { cat(font_italic(rule_current)) } else { cat(rule_current) } warned <- FALSE } } # Get rule from file ------------------------------------------------------ col_mo_property <- eucast_rules_df[i, 1] like_is_one_of <- eucast_rules_df[i, 2] # be sure to comprise all coagulase-negative/-positive Staphylococci when they are mentioned if (eucast_rules_df[i, 3] %like% "coagulase") { all_staph <- microorganisms[which(microorganisms$genus == "Staphylococcus"), ] all_staph$CNS_CPS <- suppressWarnings(mo_name(all_staph$mo, Becker = "all", language = NULL)) if (eucast_rules_df[i, 3] %like% "coagulase") { eucast_rules_df[i, 3] <- paste0("^(", paste0(all_staph[which(all_staph$CNS_CPS %like% "negative"), "fullname", drop = TRUE], collapse = "|"), ")$") } else { eucast_rules_df[i, 3] <- paste0("^(", paste0(all_staph[which(all_staph$CNS_CPS %like% "positive"), "fullname", drop = TRUE], collapse = "|"), ")$") } like_is_one_of <- "like" } if (like_is_one_of == "is") { # so e.g. 'Enterococcus' will turn into '^Enterococcus$' mo_value <- paste0("^", eucast_rules_df[i, 3], "$") } else if (like_is_one_of == "one_of") { # so 'Clostridium, Actinomyces, ...' will turn into '^(Clostridium|Actinomyces|...)$' mo_value <- paste0("^(", paste(trimws(unlist(strsplit(eucast_rules_df[i, 3], ",", fixed = TRUE))), collapse = "|"), ")$") } else if (like_is_one_of == "like") { mo_value <- eucast_rules_df[i, 3] } else { stop("invalid value for column 'like.is.one_of'", call. = FALSE) } source_antibiotics <- eucast_rules_df[i, 4] source_value <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(eucast_rules_df[i, 5], ",", fixed = TRUE))) target_antibiotics <- eucast_rules_df[i, 6] target_value <- eucast_rules_df[i, 7] if (is.na(source_antibiotics)) { rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value), error = function(e) integer(0)) } else { source_antibiotics <- get_antibiotic_columns(source_antibiotics, x) if (length(source_value) == 1 & length(source_antibiotics) > 1) { source_value <- rep(source_value, length(source_antibiotics)) } if (length(source_antibiotics) == 0) { rows <- integer(0) } else if (length(source_antibiotics) == 1) { rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value & as.rsi_no_warning(x[, source_antibiotics[1L]]) == source_value[1L]), error = function(e) integer(0)) } else if (length(source_antibiotics) == 2) { rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value & as.rsi_no_warning(x[, source_antibiotics[1L]]) == source_value[1L] & as.rsi_no_warning(x[, source_antibiotics[2L]]) == source_value[2L]), error = function(e) integer(0)) } else if (length(source_antibiotics) == 3) { rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value & as.rsi_no_warning(x[, source_antibiotics[1L]]) == source_value[1L] & as.rsi_no_warning(x[, source_antibiotics[2L]]) == source_value[2L] & as.rsi_no_warning(x[, source_antibiotics[3L]]) == source_value[3L]), error = function(e) integer(0)) } else { stop("only 3 antibiotics supported for source_antibiotics ", call. = FALSE) } } cols <- get_antibiotic_columns(target_antibiotics, x) # Apply rule on data ------------------------------------------------------ # this will return the unique number of changes run_changes <- edit_rsi(to = target_value, rule = c(rule_text, rule_group_current, rule_current), rows = rows, cols = cols) no_added <- no_added + run_changes$added no_changed <- no_changed + run_changes$changed # Print number of new changes --------------------------------------------- if (info == TRUE & rule_next != rule_current) { # print only on last one of rules in this group txt_ok(no_added = no_added, no_changed = no_changed) # and reset counters no_added <- 0 no_changed <- 0 } } # Print overview ---------------------------------------------------------- if (info == TRUE) { if (verbose == TRUE) { wouldve <- "would have " } else { wouldve <- "" } verbose_info <- verbose_info %>% arrange(row, rule_group, rule_name, col) cat(paste0("\n", font_grey(strrep("-", options()$width - 1)), "\n")) cat(font_bold(paste("The rules", paste0(wouldve, "affected"), formatnr(n_distinct(verbose_info$row)), "out of", formatnr(nrow(x_original)), "rows, making a total of", formatnr(nrow(verbose_info)), "edits\n"))) n_added <- verbose_info %>% filter(is.na(old)) %>% nrow() n_changed <- verbose_info %>% filter(!is.na(old)) %>% nrow() # print added values ---- if (n_added == 0) { colour <- cat # is function } else { colour <- font_green # is function } cat(colour(paste0("=> ", wouldve, "added ", font_bold(formatnr(verbose_info %>% filter(is.na(old)) %>% nrow()), "test results"), "\n"))) if (n_added > 0) { added_summary <- verbose_info %>% filter(is.na(old)) %>% group_by(new) %>% summarise(n = n()) cat(paste(" -", paste0(formatnr(added_summary$n), " test result", ifelse(added_summary$n > 1, "s", ""), " added as ", added_summary$new), collapse = "\n")) } # print changed values ---- if (n_changed == 0) { colour <- cat # is function } else { colour <- font_blue # is function } if (n_added + n_changed > 0) { cat("\n") } cat(colour(paste0("=> ", wouldve, "changed ", font_bold(formatnr(verbose_info %>% filter(!is.na(old)) %>% nrow()), "test results"), "\n"))) if (n_changed > 0) { changed_summary <- verbose_info %>% filter(!is.na(old)) %>% group_by(old, new) %>% summarise(n = n()) cat(paste(" -", paste0(formatnr(changed_summary$n), " test result", ifelse(changed_summary$n > 1, "s", ""), " changed from ", changed_summary$old, " to ", changed_summary$new), collapse = "\n")) cat("\n") } cat(paste0(font_grey(strrep("-", options()$width - 1)), "\n")) if (verbose == FALSE & nrow(verbose_info) > 0) { cat(paste("\nUse", font_bold("eucast_rules(..., verbose = TRUE)"), "(on your original data) to get a data.frame with all specified edits instead.\n\n")) } else if (verbose == TRUE) { cat(paste0("\nUsed 'Verbose mode' (", font_bold("verbose = TRUE"), "), which returns a data.frame with all specified edits.\nUse ", font_bold("verbose = FALSE"), " to apply the rules on your data.\n\n")) } } if (isTRUE(warn_lacking_rsi_class)) { warning("Not all columns with antimicrobial results are of class .\n", "Transform eligible columns to class on beforehand: your_data %>% mutate_if(is.rsi.eligible, as.rsi)", call. = FALSE) } # Return data set --------------------------------------------------------- if (verbose == TRUE) { rownames(verbose_info) <- NULL verbose_info } else { # reset original attributes attributes(x_original) <- x_original_attr x_original } }