P281424
/
AMR
mirror of https://github.com/msberends/AMR.git
1
0
Fork 0
Code Releases Activity
AMR/docs/reference/key_antimicrobials.html

329 lines
22 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- Generated by pkgdown: do not edit by hand --><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>(Key) Antimicrobials for First Weighted Isolates — key_antimicrobials • AMR (for R)</title><!-- favicons --><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="180x180" href="../apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="120x120" href="../apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="76x76" href="../apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="60x60" href="../apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"><!-- jquery --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha256-CSXorXvZcTkaix6Yvo6HppcZGetbYMGWSFlBw8HfCJo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- Bootstrap --><link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootswatch/3.4.0/flatly/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" crossorigin="anonymous"><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha256-nuL8/2cJ5NDSSwnKD8VqreErSWHtnEP9E7AySL+1ev4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- bootstrap-toc --><link rel="stylesheet" href="../bootstrap-toc.css"><script src="../bootstrap-toc.js"></script><!-- Font Awesome icons --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha256-mmgLkCYLUQbXn0B1SRqzHar6dCnv9oZFPEC1g1cwlkk=" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/v4-shims.min.css" integrity="sha256-wZjR52fzng1pJHwx4aV2AO3yyTOXrcDW7jBpJtTwVxw=" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- clipboard.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/clipboard.js/2.0.6/clipboard.min.js" integrity="sha256-inc5kl9MA1hkeYUt+EC3BhlIgyp/2jDIyBLS6k3UxPI=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- headroom.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-AsUX4SJE1+yuDu5+mAVzJbuYNPHj/WroHuZ8Ir/CkE0=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/jQuery.headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZX/yNShbjqsohH1k95liqY9Gd8uOiE1S4vZc+9KQ1K4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- pkgdown --><link href="../pkgdown.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../pkgdown.js"></script><link href="../extra.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="(Key) Antimicrobials for First Weighted Isolates — key_antimicrobials"><meta property="og:description" content="These functions can be used to determine first weighted isolates by considering the phenotype for isolate selection (see first_isolate()). Using a phenotype-based method to determine first isolates is more reliable than methods that disregard phenotypes."><meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.svg"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen"><!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
<![endif]--></head><body data-spy="scroll" data-target="#toc">
<div class="container template-reference-topic">
<header><div class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Released version">1.8.0.9005</span>
</span>
</div>
<div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li>
<a href="../index.html">
<span class="fa fa-home"></span>
Home
</a>
</li>
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="fa fa-question-circle"></span>
How to
<span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li>
<a href="../articles/AMR.html">
<span class="fa fa-directions"></span>
Conduct AMR analysis
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/resistance_predict.html">
<span class="fa fa-dice"></span>
Predict antimicrobial resistance
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/datasets.html">
<span class="fa fa-database"></span>
Data sets for download / own use
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/PCA.html">
<span class="fa fa-compress"></span>
Conduct principal component analysis for AMR
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/MDR.html">
<span class="fa fa-skull-crossbones"></span>
Determine multi-drug resistance (MDR)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/WHONET.html">
<span class="fa fa-globe-americas"></span>
Work with WHONET data
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/SPSS.html">
<span class="fa fa-file-upload"></span>
Import data from SPSS/SAS/Stata
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/EUCAST.html">
<span class="fa fa-exchange-alt"></span>
Apply EUCAST rules
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../reference/mo_property.html">
<span class="fa fa-bug"></span>
Get properties of a microorganism
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../reference/ab_property.html">
<span class="fa fa-capsules"></span>
Get properties of an antibiotic
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../articles/benchmarks.html">
<span class="fa fa-shipping-fast"></span>
Other: benchmarks
</a>
</li>
</ul></li>
<li>
<a href="../reference/index.html">
<span class="fa fa-book-open"></span>
Manual
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../authors.html">
<span class="fa fa-users"></span>
Authors
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="../news/index.html">
<span class="far fa-newspaper"></span>
Changelog
</a>
</li>
</ul><ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"><li>
<a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR" class="external-link">
<span class="fab fa-github"></span>
Source Code
</a>
</li>
</ul></div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
</div><!--/.container -->
</div><!--/.navbar -->
</header><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>(Key) Antimicrobials for First Weighted Isolates</h1>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/R/key_antimicrobials.R" class="external-link"><code>R/key_antimicrobials.R</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>key_antimicrobials.Rd</code></div>
</div>
<div class="ref-description">
<p>These functions can be used to determine first weighted isolates by considering the phenotype for isolate selection (see <code><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code>). Using a phenotype-based method to determine first isolates is more reliable than methods that disregard phenotypes.</p>
</div>
<div id="ref-usage">
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="fu">key_antimicrobials</span><span class="op">(</span>
x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,
col_mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,
universal <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"ampicillin"</span>, <span class="st">"amoxicillin/clavulanic acid"</span>, <span class="st">"cefuroxime"</span>,
<span class="st">"piperacillin/tazobactam"</span>, <span class="st">"ciprofloxacin"</span>, <span class="st">"trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole"</span><span class="op">)</span>,
gram_negative <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"gentamicin"</span>, <span class="st">"tobramycin"</span>, <span class="st">"colistin"</span>, <span class="st">"cefotaxime"</span>,
<span class="st">"ceftazidime"</span>, <span class="st">"meropenem"</span><span class="op">)</span>,
gram_positive <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"vancomycin"</span>, <span class="st">"teicoplanin"</span>, <span class="st">"tetracycline"</span>, <span class="st">"erythromycin"</span>,
<span class="st">"oxacillin"</span>, <span class="st">"rifampin"</span><span class="op">)</span>,
antifungal <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"anidulafungin"</span>, <span class="st">"caspofungin"</span>, <span class="st">"fluconazole"</span>, <span class="st">"miconazole"</span>,
<span class="st">"nystatin"</span>, <span class="st">"voriconazole"</span><span class="op">)</span>,
only_rsi_columns <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,
<span class="va">...</span>
<span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">all_antimicrobials</span><span class="op">(</span>x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, only_rsi_columns <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">antimicrobials_equal</span><span class="op">(</span>
<span class="va">y</span>,
<span class="va">z</span>,
type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"points"</span>, <span class="st">"keyantimicrobials"</span><span class="op">)</span>,
ignore_I <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,
points_threshold <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span>,
<span class="va">...</span>
<span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="arguments">
<h2>Arguments</h2>
<dl><dt>x</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with antibiotics columns, like <code>AMX</code> or <code>amox</code>. Can be left blank to determine automatically</p></dd>
<dt>col_mo</dt>
<dd><p>column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>), defaults to the first column of class <code><a href="as.mo.html">mo</a></code>. Values will be coerced using <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>.</p></dd>
<dt>universal</dt>
<dd><p>names of <strong>broad-spectrum</strong> antimicrobial agents, case-insensitive. Set to <code>NULL</code> to ignore. See <em>Details</em> for the default agents.</p></dd>
<dt>gram_negative</dt>
<dd><p>names of antibiotic agents for <strong>Gram-positives</strong>, case-insensitive. Set to <code>NULL</code> to ignore. See <em>Details</em> for the default agents.</p></dd>
<dt>gram_positive</dt>
<dd><p>names of antibiotic agents for <strong>Gram-negatives</strong>, case-insensitive. Set to <code>NULL</code> to ignore. See <em>Details</em> for the default agents.</p></dd>
<dt>antifungal</dt>
<dd><p>names of antifungal agents for <strong>fungi</strong>, case-insensitive. Set to <code>NULL</code> to ignore. See <em>Details</em> for the default agents.</p></dd>
<dt>only_rsi_columns</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether only columns must be included that were transformed to class <code>&lt;rsi&gt;</code> (see <code><a href="as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code>) on beforehand (defaults to <code>FALSE</code>)</p></dd>
<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>ignored, only in place to allow future extensions</p></dd>
<dt>y, z</dt>
<dd><p><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> vectors to compare</p></dd>
<dt>type</dt>
<dd><p>type to determine weighed isolates; can be <code>"keyantimicrobials"</code> or <code>"points"</code>, see <em>Details</em></p></dd>
<dt>ignore_I</dt>
<dd><p><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether antibiotic interpretations with <code>"I"</code> will be ignored when <code>type = "keyantimicrobials"</code>, see <em>Details</em></p></dd>
<dt>points_threshold</dt>
<dd><p>minimum number of points to require before differences in the antibiogram will lead to inclusion of an isolate when <code>type = "points"</code>, see <em>Details</em></p></dd>
</dl></div>
<div id="details">
<h2>Details</h2>
<p>The <code>key_antimicrobials()</code> and <code>all_antimicrobials()</code> functions are context-aware. This means that the <code>x</code> argument can be left blank if used inside a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> call, see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
<p>The function <code>key_antimicrobials()</code> returns a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> vector with 12 antimicrobial results for every isolate. The function <code>all_antimicrobials()</code> returns a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> vector with all antimicrobial results for every isolate. These vectors can then be compared using <code>antimicrobials_equal()</code>, to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (<code>"."</code>) by <code>key_antimicrobials()</code> and ignored by <code>antimicrobials_equal()</code>.</p>
<p>Please see the <code><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code> function how these important functions enable the 'phenotype-based' method for determination of first isolates.</p>
<p>The default antimicrobial agents used for <strong>all rows</strong> (set in <code>universal</code>) are:</p><ul><li><p>Ampicillin</p></li>
<li><p>Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid</p></li>
<li><p>Cefuroxime</p></li>
<li><p>Ciprofloxacin</p></li>
<li><p>Piperacillin/tazobactam</p></li>
<li><p>Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole</p></li>
</ul><p>The default antimicrobial agents used for <strong>Gram-negative bacteria</strong> (set in <code>gram_negative</code>) are:</p><ul><li><p>Cefotaxime</p></li>
<li><p>Ceftazidime</p></li>
<li><p>Colistin</p></li>
<li><p>Gentamicin</p></li>
<li><p>Meropenem</p></li>
<li><p>Tobramycin</p></li>
</ul><p>The default antimicrobial agents used for <strong>Gram-positive bacteria</strong> (set in <code>gram_positive</code>) are:</p><ul><li><p>Erythromycin</p></li>
<li><p>Oxacillin</p></li>
<li><p>Rifampin</p></li>
<li><p>Teicoplanin</p></li>
<li><p>Tetracycline</p></li>
<li><p>Vancomycin</p></li>
</ul><p>The default antimicrobial agents used for <strong>fungi</strong> (set in <code>antifungal</code>) are:</p><ul><li><p>Anidulafungin</p></li>
<li><p>Caspofungin</p></li>
<li><p>Fluconazole</p></li>
<li><p>Miconazole</p></li>
<li><p>Nystatin</p></li>
<li><p>Voriconazole</p></li>
</ul></div>
<div id="stable-lifecycle">
<h2>Stable Lifecycle</h2>
<p><img src="figures/lifecycle_stable.svg" style='margin-bottom:"5"'><br>
The <a href="lifecycle.html">lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</strong>. In a stable function, major changes are unlikely. This means that the unlying code will generally evolve by adding new arguments; removing arguments or changing the meaning of existing arguments will be avoided.</p>
<p>If the unlying code needs breaking changes, they will occur gradually. For example, an argument will be deprecated and first continue to work, but will emit a message informing you of the change. Next, typically after at least one newly released version on CRAN, the message will be transformed to an error.</p>
</div>
<div id="read-more-on-our-website-">
<h2>Read more on Our Website!</h2>
<p>On our website <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/">https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html">a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR data analysis, the <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/">complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html">an example analysis using WHONET data</a>.</p>
</div>
<div id="see-also">
<h2>See also</h2>
<div class="dont-index"><p><code><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code></p></div>
</div>
<div id="ref-examples">
<h2>Examples</h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="co"># `example_isolates` is a data set available in the AMR package.</span>
<span class="co"># See ?example_isolates.</span>
<span class="co"># output of the `key_antimicrobials()` function could be like this:</span>
<span class="va">strainA</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="st">"SSSRR.S.R..S"</span>
<span class="va">strainB</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="st">"SSSIRSSSRSSS"</span>
<span class="co"># those strings can be compared with:</span>
<span class="fu">antimicrobials_equal</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">strainA</span>, <span class="va">strainB</span>, type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"keyantimicrobials"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># TRUE, because I is ignored (as well as missing values)</span>
<span class="fu">antimicrobials_equal</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">strainA</span>, <span class="va">strainB</span>, type <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"keyantimicrobials"</span>, ignore_I <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th [character] differs</span>
<span class="co"># \donttest{</span>
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span>
<span class="co"># set key antibiotics to a new variable</span>
<span class="va">my_patients</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>keyab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">key_antimicrobials</span><span class="op">(</span>antifungal <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span> <span class="co"># no need to define `x`</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>
<span class="co"># now calculate first isolates</span>
first_regular <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>col_keyantimicrobials <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,
<span class="co"># and first WEIGHTED isolates</span>
first_weighted <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>col_keyantimicrobials <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"keyab"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Check the difference, in this data set it results in more isolates:</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">first_regular</span>, na.rm <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">first_weighted</span>, na.rm <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="op">}</span>
<span class="co"># }</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">
<nav id="toc" data-toggle="toc" class="sticky-top"><h2 data-toc-skip>Contents</h2>
</nav></div>
</div>
<footer><div class="copyright">
<p></p><p>Developed by Matthijs S. Berends, Christian F. Luz, Dennis Souverein,
Erwin E. A. Hassing.</p>
</div>
<div class="pkgdown">
<p></p><p>Site built with <a href="https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/" class="external-link">pkgdown</a>
2.0.2.</p>
</div>
</footer></div>
</body></html>
View Git Blame Copy Permalink