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The get_episode() function returns the index number of the episode per group, while the is_new_episode() function returns values TRUE/FALSE to indicate whether an item in a vector is the start of a new episode."><title>Determine (New) Episodes for Patients — get_episode • AMR (for R)</title><!-- favicons --><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="180x180" href="../apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="120x120" href="../apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="76x76" href="../apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="60x60" href="../apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"><script src="../deps/jquery-3.6.0/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"><link href="../deps/bootstrap-5.2.2/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../deps/bootstrap-5.2.2/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script><link href="../deps/Fira_Code-0.4.4/font.css" rel="stylesheet"><!-- Font Awesome icons --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha256-mmgLkCYLUQbXn0B1SRqzHar6dCnv9oZFPEC1g1cwlkk=" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/v4-shims.min.css" integrity="sha256-wZjR52fzng1pJHwx4aV2AO3yyTOXrcDW7jBpJtTwVxw=" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- bootstrap-toc --><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/afeld/bootstrap-toc@v1.0.1/dist/bootstrap-toc.min.js" integrity="sha256-4veVQbu7//Lk5TSmc7YV48MxtMy98e26cf5MrgZYnwo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- headroom.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-AsUX4SJE1+yuDu5+mAVzJbuYNPHj/WroHuZ8Ir/CkE0=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/jQuery.headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZX/yNShbjqsohH1k95liqY9Gd8uOiE1S4vZc+9KQ1K4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- clipboard.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/clipboard.js/2.0.6/clipboard.min.js" integrity="sha256-inc5kl9MA1hkeYUt+EC3BhlIgyp/2jDIyBLS6k3UxPI=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- search --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/fuse.js/6.4.6/fuse.js" integrity="sha512-zv6Ywkjyktsohkbp9bb45V6tEMoWhzFzXis+LrMehmJZZSys19Yxf1dopHx7WzIKxr5tK2dVcYmaCk2uqdjF4A==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/autocomplete.js/0.38.0/autocomplete.jquery.min.js" integrity="sha512-GU9ayf+66Xx2TmpxqJpliWbT5PiGYxpaG8rfnBEk1LL8l1KGkRShhngwdXK1UgqhAzWpZHSiYPc09/NwDQIGyg==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mark.js/8.11.1/mark.min.js" integrity="sha512-5CYOlHXGh6QpOFA/TeTylKLWfB3ftPsde7AnmhuitiTX4K5SqCLBeKro6sPS8ilsz1Q4NRx3v8Ko2IBiszzdww==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- pkgdown --><script src="../pkgdown.js"></script><link href="../extra.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="Determine (New) Episodes for Patients — get_episode"><meta property="og:description" content="These functions determine which items in a vector can be considered (the start of) a new episode, based on the argument episode_days. This can be used to determine clinical episodes for any epidemiological analysis. The get_episode() function returns the index number of the episode per group, while the is_new_episode() function returns values TRUE/FALSE to indicate whether an item in a vector is the start of a new episode."><meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.svg"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@msberends"><!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
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<img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Determine (New) Episodes for Patients</h1>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/R/episode.R" class="external-link"><code>R/episode.R</code></a></small>
<div class="d-none name"><code>get_episode.Rd</code></div>
</div>
<div class="ref-description section level2">
<p>These functions determine which items in a vector can be considered (the start of) a new episode, based on the argument <code>episode_days</code>. This can be used to determine clinical episodes for any epidemiological analysis. The <code>get_episode()</code> function returns the index number of the episode per group, while the <code>is_new_episode()</code> function returns values <code>TRUE</code>/<code>FALSE</code> to indicate whether an item in a vector is the start of a new episode.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">episode_days</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">episode_days</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
<dl><dt>x</dt>
<dd><p>vector of dates (class <code>Date</code> or <code>POSIXt</code>), will be sorted internally to determine episodes</p></dd>
<dt>episode_days</dt>
<dd><p>required episode length in days, can also be less than a day or <code>Inf</code>, see <em>Details</em></p></dd>
<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>ignored, only in place to allow future extensions</p></dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="value">Value<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#value"></a></h2>
<ul><li><p><code>get_episode()</code>: a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/double.html" class="external-link">double</a> vector</p></li>
<li><p><code>is_new_episode()</code>: a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> vector</p></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
<p>Dates are first sorted from old to new. The oldest date will mark the start of the first episode. After this date, the next date will be marked that is at least <code>episode_days</code> days later than the start of the first episode. From that second marked date on, the next date will be marked that is at least <code>episode_days</code> days later than the start of the second episode which will be the start of the third episode, and so on. Before the vector is being returned, the original order will be restored.</p>
<p>The <code><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code> function is a wrapper around the <code>is_new_episode()</code> function, but is more efficient for data sets containing microorganism codes or names and allows for different isolate selection methods.</p>
<p>The <code>dplyr</code> package is not required for these functions to work, but these functions do support <a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">variable grouping</a> and work conveniently inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs such as <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter()</a></code>, <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html" class="external-link">summarise()</a></code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="see-also">See also<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#see-also"></a></h2>
<div class="dont-index"><p><code><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code></p></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># `example_isolates` is a data set available in the AMR package.</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># See ?example_isolates</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">df</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sample.html" class="external-link">sample</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/seq.html" class="external-link">seq_len</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">2000</span><span class="op">)</span>, size <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">200</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># indices</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] 61 24 5 23 35 13 33 39 24 47 9 17 54 13 24 5 22 56 7 12 2 47 26 33 35</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [26] 7 23 6 49 45 58 31 1 2 2 11 61 40 27 59 31 2 61 20 1 20 14 4 33 28</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [51] 31 50 51 5 44 38 61 43 15 6 52 13 46 16 16 21 23 22 16 32 5 12 35 57 6</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [76] 2 61 21 17 9 57 10 6 43 60 28 38 34 56 27 28 37 54 28 56 12 41 7 17 44</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [101] 35 6 45 50 52 57 25 34 13 1 40 43 61 48 2 49 38 50 31 8 61 47 10 3 9</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [126] 12 37 11 44 35 19 56 37 37 38 10 51 4 9 21 45 16 52 26 23 25 30 42 46 57</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [151] 10 29 29 23 6 21 50 38 11 18 10 11 30 13 57 50 39 10 10 32 53 51 28 52 55</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [176] 59 49 13 58 17 4 16 37 17 10 47 32 11 14 60 28 13 55 36 14 10 26 54 32 8</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># TRUE/FALSE</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [13] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [25] FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [37] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [49] FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [61] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [73] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [85] TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [97] TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [109] FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [121] FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [133] FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [145] FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [157] TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [169] FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [181] FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [193] FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># filter on results from the third 60-day episode only, using base R</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/which.html" class="external-link">which</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="fl">3</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 1 × 46</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> date patient age gender ward mo PEN OXA FLC AMX </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;date&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;dbl&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;mo&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;rsi&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;rsi&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;rsi&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;rsi&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">1</span> 2002-05-16 D25302 65 F ICU B_STRPT_ANGN S NA NA S </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># … with 36 more variables: AMC &lt;rsi&gt;, AMP &lt;rsi&gt;, TZP &lt;rsi&gt;, CZO &lt;rsi&gt;,</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># FEP &lt;rsi&gt;, CXM &lt;rsi&gt;, FOX &lt;rsi&gt;, CTX &lt;rsi&gt;, CAZ &lt;rsi&gt;, CRO &lt;rsi&gt;,</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># GEN &lt;rsi&gt;, TOB &lt;rsi&gt;, AMK &lt;rsi&gt;, KAN &lt;rsi&gt;, TMP &lt;rsi&gt;, SXT &lt;rsi&gt;,</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># NIT &lt;rsi&gt;, FOS &lt;rsi&gt;, LNZ &lt;rsi&gt;, CIP &lt;rsi&gt;, MFX &lt;rsi&gt;, VAN &lt;rsi&gt;,</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># TEC &lt;rsi&gt;, TCY &lt;rsi&gt;, TGC &lt;rsi&gt;, DOX &lt;rsi&gt;, ERY &lt;rsi&gt;, CLI &lt;rsi&gt;,</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># AZM &lt;rsi&gt;, IPM &lt;rsi&gt;, MEM &lt;rsi&gt;, MTR &lt;rsi&gt;, CHL &lt;rsi&gt;, COL &lt;rsi&gt;,</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># MUP &lt;rsi&gt;, RIF &lt;rsi&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># the functions also work for less than a day, e.g. to include one per hour:</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.time.html" class="external-link">Sys.time</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.time.html" class="external-link">Sys.time</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="fl">60</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="fl">60</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span> <span class="op">/</span> <span class="fl">24</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] 1 2</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># \donttest{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># is_new_episode() can also be used in dplyr verbs to determine patient</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># episodes based on any (combination of) grouping variables:</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>condition <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sample.html" class="external-link">sample</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"A"</span>, <span class="st">"B"</span>, <span class="st">"C"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> size <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">200</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> replace <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">condition</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>new_episode <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">date</span>, <span class="va">condition</span>, <span class="va">new_episode</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 200 × 4</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: condition [3]</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> patient date condition new_episode</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;date&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;lgl&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> 5DB1C8 2017-12-28 C FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> 921720 2007-11-02 A FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> 088256 2003-01-25 B TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> 122506 2007-08-11 B FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> E58716 2010-07-29 A TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> 753036 2004-11-15 B FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> 4F6830 2010-03-12 C FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> 687590 2011-10-29 C FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> 965996 2007-12-03 A FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> 778835 2014-03-24 A FALSE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># … with 190 more rows</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ward</span>, <span class="va">patient</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">transmute</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">patient</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> new_index <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> new_logical <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 200 × 5</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: ward, patient [186]</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ward date patient new_index new_logical</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;date&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;dbl&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;lgl&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> Clinical 2017-12-28 5DB1C8 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> Clinical 2007-11-02 921720 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> ICU 2003-01-25 088256 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> Clinical 2007-08-11 122506 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> Clinical 2010-07-29 E58716 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> Clinical 2004-11-15 753036 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> Clinical 2010-03-12 4F6830 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> Clinical 2011-10-29 687590 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> Clinical 2007-12-03 965996 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> Clinical 2014-03-24 778835 1 TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># … with 190 more rows</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ward</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html" class="external-link">summarise</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> n_patients <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/n_distinct.html" class="external-link">n_distinct</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> n_episodes_365 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> n_episodes_60 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> n_episodes_30 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">30</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 3 × 5</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ward n_patients n_episodes_365 n_episodes_60 n_episodes_30</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;int&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;int&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;int&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;int&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">1</span> Clinical 115 14 56 78</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">2</span> ICU 61 12 35 45</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">3</span> Outpatient 10 7 9 9</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># grouping on patients and microorganisms leads to the same</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># results as first_isolate() when using 'episode-based':</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> include_unknown <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> method <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"episode-based"</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">y</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">ungroup</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/identical.html" class="external-link">identical</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">y</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Including isolates from ICU.</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] FALSE</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># but is_new_episode() has a lot more flexibility than first_isolate(),</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># since you can now group on anything that seems relevant:</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">mo</span>, <span class="va">ward</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>flag_episode <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_data.html" class="external-link">group_vars</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">.</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">flag_episode</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 200 × 4</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: patient, mo, ward [196]</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> patient mo ward flag_episode</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;mo&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;lgl&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> 5DB1C8 B_STPHY_EPDR Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> 921720 B_STPHY_CONS Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> 088256 B_STPHY_CONS ICU TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> 122506 B_STPHY_AURS Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> E58716 B_STPHY_EPDR Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> 753036 B_STPHY_EPDR Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> 4F6830 B_ESCHR_COLI Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> 687590 B_STPHY_CONS Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> 965996 B_STRPT_PNMN Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> 778835 B_STPHY_AURS Clinical TRUE </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># … with 190 more rows</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</main><aside class="col-md-3"><nav id="toc"><h2>On this page</h2>
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<footer><div class="pkgdown-footer-left">
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