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<main id="main" class="col-md-9"><div class="page-header">
<img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Get Properties of a Microorganism</h1>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/R/mo_property.R" class="external-link"><code>R/mo_property.R</code></a></small>
<div class="d-none name"><code>mo_property.Rd</code></div>
</div>
<div class="ref-description section level2">
<p>Use these functions to return a specific property of a microorganism based on the latest accepted taxonomy. All input values will be evaluated internally with <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>, which makes it possible to use microbial abbreviations, codes and names as input. See <em>Examples</em>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">mo_name</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_subspecies</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_species</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_genus</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_family</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_order</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_class</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_phylum</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_kingdom</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_domain</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_type</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_status</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_pathogenicity</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_is_gram_negative</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_is_gram_positive</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_is_yeast</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">ab</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_snomed</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_ref</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_authors</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_year</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_lpsn</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_gbif</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_rank</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_taxonomy</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_synonyms</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_current</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_info</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_url</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> open <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mo_property</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> property <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"fullname"</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> keep_synonyms <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_keep_synonyms"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
<dl><dt>x</dt>
<dd><p>any <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> (vector) that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>. Can be left blank for auto-guessing the column containing microorganism codes if used in a data set, see <em>Examples</em>.</p></dd>
<dt>language</dt>
<dd><p>language to translate text like "no growth", which defaults to the system language (see <code><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale()</a></code>)</p></dd>
<dt>keep_synonyms</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate if old, previously valid taxonomic names must be preserved and not be corrected to currently accepted names. The default is <code>FALSE</code>, which will return a note if old taxonomic names were processed. The default can be set with the option <code><a href="AMR-options.html">AMR_keep_synonyms</a></code>, i.e. <code>options(AMR_keep_synonyms = TRUE)</code> or <code>options(AMR_keep_synonyms = FALSE)</code>.</p></dd>
<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>other arguments passed on to <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>, such as 'minimum_matching_score', 'ignore_pattern', and 'remove_from_input'</p></dd>
<dt>ab</dt>
<dd><p>any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid antibiotic drug code with <code><a href="as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code></p></dd>
<dt>open</dt>
<dd><p>browse the URL using <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/browseURL.html" class="external-link">browseURL()</a></code></p></dd>
<dt>property</dt>
<dd><p>one of the column names of the <a href="microorganisms.html">microorganisms</a> data set: "mo", "fullname", "status", "kingdom", "phylum", "class", "order", "family", "genus", "species", "subspecies", "rank", "ref", "source", "lpsn", "lpsn_parent", "lpsn_renamed_to", "gbif", "gbif_parent", "gbif_renamed_to", "prevalence" or "snomed", or must be <code>"shortname"</code></p></dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="value">Value<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#value"></a></h2>
<ul><li><p>An <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/integer.html" class="external-link">integer</a> in case of <code>mo_year()</code></p></li>
<li><p>An <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/factor.html" class="external-link">ordered factor</a> in case of <code>mo_pathogenicity()</code></p></li>
<li><p>A <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html" class="external-link">list</a> in case of <code>mo_taxonomy()</code>, <code>mo_synonyms()</code>, <code>mo_snomed()</code> and <code>mo_info()</code></p></li>
<li><p>A named <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> in case of <code>mo_url()</code></p></li>
<li><p>A <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> in all other cases</p></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
<p>All functions will, at default, <strong>not</strong> keep old taxonomic properties, as synonyms are automatically replaced with the current taxonomy. Take for example <em>Enterobacter aerogenes</em>, which was initially named in 1960 but renamed to <em>Klebsiella aerogenes</em> in 2017:</p><ul><li><p><code>mo_genus("Enterobacter aerogenes")</code> will return <code>"Klebsiella"</code> (with a note about the renaming)</p></li>
<li><p><code>mo_genus("Enterobacter aerogenes", keep_synonyms = TRUE)</code> will return <code>"Enterobacter"</code> (with a once-per-session warning that the name is outdated)</p></li>
<li><p><code>mo_ref("Enterobacter aerogenes")</code> will return <code>"Tindall et al., 2017"</code> (with a note)</p></li>
<li><p><code>mo_ref("Enterobacter aerogenes", keep_synonyms = TRUE)</code> will return <code>"Hormaeche et al., 1960"</code> (with a warning)</p></li>
</ul><p>The short name (<code>mo_shortname()</code>) returns the first character of the genus and the full species, such as <code>"E. coli"</code>, for species and subspecies. Exceptions are abbreviations of staphylococci (such as <em>"CoNS"</em>, Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci) and beta-haemolytic streptococci (such as <em>"GBS"</em>, Group B Streptococci). Please bear in mind that e.g. <em>E. coli</em> could mean <em>Escherichia coli</em> (kingdom of Bacteria) as well as <em>Entamoeba coli</em> (kingdom of Protozoa). Returning to the full name will be done using <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> internally, giving priority to bacteria and human pathogens, i.e. <code>"E. coli"</code> will be considered <em>Escherichia coli</em>. As a result, <code>mo_fullname(mo_shortname("Entamoeba coli"))</code> returns <code>"Escherichia coli"</code>.</p>
<p>Since the top-level of the taxonomy is sometimes referred to as 'kingdom' and sometimes as 'domain', the functions <code>mo_kingdom()</code> and <code>mo_domain()</code> return the exact same results.</p>
<p>Determination of human pathogenicity (<code>mo_pathogenicity()</code>) is strongly based on Bartlett <em>et al.</em> (2022, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001269" class="external-link">doi:10.1099/mic.0.001269</a>
). This function returns a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/factor.html" class="external-link">factor</a> with the levels <em>Pathogenic</em>, <em>Potentially pathogenic</em>, <em>Non-pathogenic</em>, and <em>Unknown</em>.</p>
<p>Determination of the Gram stain (<code>mo_gramstain()</code>) will be based on the taxonomic kingdom and phylum. Originally, Cavalier-Smith defined the so-called subkingdoms Negibacteria and Posibacteria (2002, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11837318/" class="external-link">PMID 11837318</a>), and only considered these phyla as Posibacteria: Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Tenericutes. These phyla were later renamed to Actinomycetota, Chloroflexota, Bacillota, and Mycoplasmatota (2021, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34694987/" class="external-link">PMID 34694987</a>). Bacteria in these phyla are considered Gram-positive in this <code>AMR</code> package, except for members of the class Negativicutes (within phylum Bacillota) which are Gram-negative. All other bacteria are considered Gram-negative. Species outside the kingdom of Bacteria will return a value <code>NA</code>. Functions <code>mo_is_gram_negative()</code> and <code>mo_is_gram_positive()</code> always return <code>TRUE</code> or <code>FALSE</code> (or <code>NA</code> when the input is <code>NA</code> or the MO code is <code>UNKNOWN</code>), thus always return <code>FALSE</code> for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria.</p>
<p>Determination of yeasts (<code>mo_is_yeast()</code>) will be based on the taxonomic kingdom and class. <em>Budding yeasts</em> are fungi of the phylum Ascomycota, class Saccharomycetes (also called Hemiascomycetes). <em>True yeasts</em> are aggregated into the underlying order Saccharomycetales. Thus, for all microorganisms that are member of the taxonomic class Saccharomycetes, the function will return <code>TRUE</code>. It returns <code>FALSE</code> otherwise (or <code>NA</code> when the input is <code>NA</code> or the MO code is <code>UNKNOWN</code>).</p>
<p>Determination of intrinsic resistance (<code>mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</code>) will be based on the <a href="intrinsic_resistant.html">intrinsic_resistant</a> data set, which is based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_expected_phenotypes/" class="external-link">'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3</a> (2021). The <code>mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</code> function can be vectorised over both argument <code>x</code> (input for microorganisms) and <code>ab</code> (input for antibiotics).</p>
<p>The function <code>mo_url()</code> will return the direct URL to the online database entry, which also shows the scientific reference of the concerned species.</p>
<p>SNOMED codes (<code>mo_snomed()</code>) are from the version of 1 July, 2021. See <em>Source</em> and the <a href="microorganisms.html">microorganisms</a> data set for more info.</p>
<p>Old taxonomic names (so-called 'synonyms') can be retrieved with <code>mo_synonyms()</code>, the current taxonomic name can be retrieved with <code>mo_current()</code>. Both functions return full names.</p>
<p>All output <a href="translate.html">will be translated</a> where possible.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="matching-score-for-microorganisms">Matching Score for Microorganisms<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#matching-score-for-microorganisms"></a></h2>
<p>This function uses <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> internally, which uses an advanced algorithm to translate arbitrary user input to valid taxonomy using a so-called matching score. You can read about this public algorithm on the <a href="mo_matching_score.html">MO matching score page</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="source">Source<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#source"></a></h2>
<ol><li><p>Berends MS <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong>AMR: An R Package for Working with Antimicrobial Resistance Data</strong>. <em>Journal of Statistical Software</em>, 104(3), 1-31; <a href="https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v104.i03" class="external-link">doi:10.18637/jss.v104.i03</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2014). <strong>Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci.</strong> <em>Clin Microbiol Rev.</em> 27(4): 870-926; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-13" class="external-link">doi:10.1128/CMR.00109-13</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2019). <strong>Implications of identifying the recently defined members of the <em>S. aureus</em> complex, <em>S. argenteus</em> and <em>S. schweitzeri</em>: A position paper of members of the ESCMID Study Group for staphylococci and Staphylococcal Diseases (ESGS).</strong> <em>Clin Microbiol Infect</em>; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028" class="external-link">doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2020). <strong>Emergence of coagulase-negative staphylococci</strong> <em>Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther.</em> 18(4):349-366; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2020.1730813" class="external-link">doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1730813</a></p></li>
<li><p>Lancefield RC (1933). <strong>A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci</strong>. <em>J Exp Med.</em> 57(4): 571-95; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.57.4.571" class="external-link">doi:10.1084/jem.57.4.571</a></p></li>
<li><p>Berends MS <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong>Trends in Occurrence and Phenotypic Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) Found in Human Blood in the Northern Netherlands between 2013 and 2019</strong> <em>Microorganisms</em> 10(9), 1801; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091801" class="external-link">doi:10.3390/microorganisms10091801</a></p></li>
<li><p>Parte, AC <em>et al.</em> (2020). <strong>List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ.</strong> International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 70, 5607-5612; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004332" class="external-link">doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332</a>
. Accessed from <a href="https://lpsn.dsmz.de" class="external-link">https://lpsn.dsmz.de</a> on 11 December, 2022.</p></li>
<li><p>GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset <a href="https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei" class="external-link">doi:10.15468/39omei</a>
. Accessed from <a href="https://www.gbif.org" class="external-link">https://www.gbif.org</a> on 11 December, 2022.</p></li>
<li><p>Public Health Information Network Vocabulary Access and Distribution System (PHIN VADS). US Edition of SNOMED CT from 1 September 2020. Value Set Name 'Microoganism', OID 2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.1009 (v12). URL: <a href="https://phinvads.cdc.gov" class="external-link">https://phinvads.cdc.gov</a></p></li>
<li><p>Bartlett A <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong>A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans</strong> <em>Microbiology</em> 168:001269; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001269" class="external-link">doi:10.1099/mic.0.001269</a></p></li>
</ol></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="reference-data-publicly-available">Reference Data Publicly Available<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#reference-data-publicly-available"></a></h2>
<p>All data sets in this <code>AMR</code> package (about microorganisms, antibiotics, SIR interpretation, EUCAST rules, etc.) are publicly and freely available for download in the following formats: R, MS Excel, Apache Feather, Apache Parquet, SPSS, SAS, and Stata. We also provide tab-separated plain text files that are machine-readable and suitable for input in any software program, such as laboratory information systems. Please visit <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/datasets.html">our website for the download links</a>. The actual files are of course available on <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/tree/main/data-raw" class="external-link">our GitHub repository</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="see-also">See also<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#see-also"></a></h2>
<div class="dont-index"><p>Data set <a href="microorganisms.html">microorganisms</a></p></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># taxonomic tree -----------------------------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_kingdom</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Bacteria"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_phylum</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Pseudomonadota"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_class</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gammaproteobacteria"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_order</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Enterobacterales"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_family</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Enterobacteriaceae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_genus</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Klebsiella"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_species</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_subspecies</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] ""</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># full names and short names -----------------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_name</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "K. pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># other properties ---------------------------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_pathogenicity</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] Pathogenic</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Levels: Pathogenic &lt; Potentially pathogenic &lt; Non-pathogenic &lt; Unknown</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gram-negative"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_snomed</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [[1]]</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "1098101000112102" "446870005" "1098201000112108" "409801009" </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [5] "56415008" "714315002" "713926009" </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_type</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Bacteria"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_rank</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "species"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_url</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Klebsiella pneumoniae </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> "https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/klebsiella-pneumoniae" </span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_is_yeast</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Candida"</span>, <span class="st">"Trichophyton"</span>, <span class="st">"Klebsiella"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] TRUE FALSE FALSE</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># scientific reference -----------------------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_ref</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Trevisan, 1887"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_authors</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Trevisan"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_year</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] 1887</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_lpsn</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "777151"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gbif</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "3221874"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_synonyms</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> NULL</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># abbreviations known in the field -----------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_genus</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"MRSA"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Staphylococcus"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_species</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"MRSA"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "aureus"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"VISA"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "S. aureus"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"VISA"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gram-positive"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_genus</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"EHEC"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Escherichia"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_species</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"EHEC"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "coli"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># known subspecies ---------------------------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"K. pneu rh"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Klebsiella pneumoniae rhinoscleromatis"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"K. pneu rh"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "K. pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># \donttest{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Becker classification, see ?as.mo ----------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Staph epidermidis"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Staphylococcus epidermidis"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Staph epidermidis"</span>, Becker <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS)"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Staph epidermidis"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "S. epidermidis"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Staph epidermidis"</span>, Becker <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "CoNS"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Lancefield classification, see ?as.mo ------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Strep agalactiae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Streptococcus agalactiae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Strep agalactiae"</span>, Lancefield <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Streptococcus Group B"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Strep agalactiae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "S. agalactiae"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_shortname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Strep agalactiae"</span>, Lancefield <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "GBS"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># language support --------------------------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"de"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># German</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gramnegativ"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"nl"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Dutch</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gram-negatief"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"es"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Spanish</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gram negativo"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"el"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Greek</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Αρνητικό κατά Gram"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_gramstain</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"uk"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Ukrainian</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Грамнегативні"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># mo_type is equal to mo_kingdom, but mo_kingdom will remain untranslated</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_kingdom</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Bacteria"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_type</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Bacteria"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_kingdom</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"zh"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Chinese, no effect</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Bacteria"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_type</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"zh"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Chinese, translated</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "细菌"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S. pyogenes"</span>, Lancefield <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"de"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Streptococcus Gruppe A"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_fullname</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S. pyogenes"</span>, Lancefield <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"uk"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Streptococcus Група A"</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># other --------------------------------------------------------------------</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># gram stains and intrinsic resistance can be used as a filter in dplyr verbs</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mo_is_gram_positive</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="count.html">count</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mo_genus</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>, sort <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for mo_is_gram_positive()</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for mo_genus()</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 18 × 2</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> `mo_genus()` n</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;int&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> Staphylococcus 840</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> Streptococcus 275</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> Enterococcus 83</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> Corynebacterium 17</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> Micrococcus 6</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> Gemella 3</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> Aerococcus 2</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> Cutibacterium 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> Dermabacter 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> Fusibacter 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">11</span> Globicatella 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">12</span> Granulicatella 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">13</span> Lactobacillus 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">14</span> Leuconostoc 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">15</span> Listeria 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">16</span> Paenibacillus 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">17</span> Rothia 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">18</span> Schaalia 1</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant</span><span class="op">(</span>ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"vanco"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="count.html">count</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mo_genus</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>, sort <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for mo_genus()</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 20 × 2</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> `mo_genus()` n</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;int&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> Escherichia 467</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> Klebsiella 77</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> Proteus 39</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> Pseudomonas 30</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> Serratia 25</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> Enterobacter 23</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> Citrobacter 11</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> Haemophilus 8</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> Acinetobacter 6</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> Morganella 6</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">11</span> Pantoea 4</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">12</span> Salmonella 3</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">13</span> Neisseria 2</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">14</span> Stenotrophomonas 2</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">15</span> Campylobacter 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">16</span> Enterococcus 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">17</span> Hafnia 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">18</span> Lactobacillus 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">19</span> Leuconostoc 1</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">20</span> Pseudescherichia 1</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># get a list with the complete taxonomy (from kingdom to subspecies)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_taxonomy</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $kingdom</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Bacteria"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $phylum</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Pseudomonadota"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $class</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gammaproteobacteria"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $order</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Enterobacterales"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $family</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Enterobacteriaceae"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $genus</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Klebsiella"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $species</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $subspecies</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] ""</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># get a list with the taxonomy, the authors, Gram-stain,</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># SNOMED codes, and URL to the online database</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mo_info</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $mo</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "B_KLBSL_PNMN"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $kingdom</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Bacteria"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $phylum</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Pseudomonadota"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $class</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gammaproteobacteria"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $order</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Enterobacterales"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $family</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Enterobacteriaceae"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $genus</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Klebsiella"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $species</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $subspecies</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] ""</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $status</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "accepted"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $synonyms</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> NULL</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $gramstain</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Gram-negative"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $url</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/klebsiella-pneumoniae"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $ref</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "Trevisan, 1887"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> $snomed</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] "1098101000112102" "446870005" "1098201000112108" "409801009" </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [5] "56415008" "714315002" "713926009" </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
</code></pre></div>
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