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Conduct AMR analysis
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Predict antimicrobial resistance
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Conduct principal component analysis for AMR
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Determine multi-drug resistance (MDR)
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<img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Mean AMR Distance</h1>
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<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/R/mean_amr_distance.R" class="external-link"><code>R/mean_amr_distance.R</code></a></small>
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<div class="d-none name"><code>mean_amr_distance.Rd</code></div>
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<div class="ref-description section level2">
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<p>This function calculates a normalised mean for antimicrobial resistance between multiple observations.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
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<span></span>
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<span><span class="co"># S3 method for default</span></span>
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<span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
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<span></span>
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<span><span class="co"># S3 method for mic</span></span>
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<span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
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<span></span>
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<span><span class="co"># S3 method for disk</span></span>
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<span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
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<span></span>
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<span><span class="co"># S3 method for rsi</span></span>
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<span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span>, combine_SI <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
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<span></span>
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<span><span class="co"># S3 method for data.frame</span></span>
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<span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span>, combine_SI <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
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<span></span>
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<span><span class="fu">amr_distance_from_row</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span>, <span class="va">row</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
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<dl><dt>x</dt>
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<dd><p>a vector of class <a href="as.rsi.html">rsi</a>, <a href="as.rsi.html">rsi</a> or <a href="as.rsi.html">rsi</a>, or a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> containing columns of any of these classes</p></dd>
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<dt>...</dt>
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<dd><p>variables to select (supports tidy selection such as <code>column1:column4</code> and <code><a href="https://tidyselect.r-lib.org/reference/language.html" class="external-link">where(is.mic)</a></code>), and can thus also be <a href="antibiotic_class_selectors.html">antibiotic selectors</a></p></dd>
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<dt>combine_SI</dt>
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<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether all values of S and I must be merged into one, so the input only consists of S+I vs. R (susceptible vs. resistant), defaults to <code>TRUE</code></p></dd>
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<dt>amr_distance</dt>
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<dd><p>the outcome of <code>mean_amr_distance()</code></p></dd>
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<dt>row</dt>
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<dd><p>an index, such as a row number</p></dd>
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</dl></div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
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<p>The mean AMR distance is a normalised numeric value to compare AMR test results and can help to identify similar isolates, without comparing antibiograms by hand. For common numeric data this distance is equal to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_score" class="external-link">Z scores</a> (the number of standard deviations from the mean).</p>
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<p>MIC values (see <code><a href="as.mic.html">as.mic()</a></code>) are transformed with <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Log.html" class="external-link">log2()</a></code> first; their distance is calculated as <code>(log2(x) - mean(log2(x))) / sd(log2(x))</code>.</p>
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<p>R/SI values (see <code><a href="as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code>) are transformed using <code>"S"</code> = 1, <code>"I"</code> = 2, and <code>"R"</code> = 3. If <code>combine_SI</code> is <code>TRUE</code> (default), the <code>"I"</code> will be considered to be 1.</p>
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<p>For data sets, the mean AMR distance will be calculated per variable, after which the mean of all columns will returned per row (using <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/colSums.html" class="external-link">rowMeans()</a></code>), see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
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<p>Use <code>amr_distance_from_row()</code> to subtract distances from the distance of one row, see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="interpretation">Interpretation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#interpretation"></a></h2>
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<p>Isolates with distances less than 0.01 difference from each other should be considered similar. Differences lower than 0.025 should be considered suspicious.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">x</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">x</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> Class 'mic'</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [1] 0.5 0.005 0.025 0.25 0.5 4 2 256 0.005 </span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [10] <=0.001</span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [1] 0.25069240 -0.97620422 -0.54742225 0.06602606 0.25069240 0.80469143</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [7] 0.62002509 1.91268949 -0.97620422 -1.40498619</span>
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<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> id <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">LETTERS</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">]</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> amox <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"amox"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> cipr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"cipr"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> gent <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"gent"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> tobr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"tobr"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> id amox cipr gent tobr</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 1 A 16 2 <=1 2</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 2 B 4 0.5 4 1</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 3 C 8 1 4 1</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 4 D 2 0.125 4 0.5</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 5 E 4 2 4 >=4</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 6 F 1 0.025 <=1 1</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 7 G 8 0.025 2 1</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 8 H 1 2 <=1 2</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 9 I 16 0.125 <=1 0.5</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 10 J 16 0.25 >=8 1</span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ℹ Calculating mean AMR distance based on columns "amox", "cipr", "gent",</span>
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<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> "id" and "tobr"</span>
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<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>NAs introduced by coercion</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [1] 0.4941954 0.1411173 0.4018372 -0.4928375 0.8875875 -1.0556736</span>
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<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [7] -0.3568509 -0.1439580 -0.4546376 0.5792202</span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">y</span>, <span class="fu">where</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">is.mic</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ℹ Calculating mean AMR distance based on columns "amox", "cipr", "gent" and</span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> "tobr"</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/order.html" class="external-link">order</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> id amox cipr gent tobr amr_distance</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 6 F 1 0.025 <=1 1 -1.0556736</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 4 D 2 0.125 4 0.5 -0.4928375</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 9 I 16 0.125 <=1 0.5 -0.4546376</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 7 G 8 0.025 2 1 -0.3568509</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 8 H 1 2 <=1 2 -0.1439580</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 2 B 4 0.5 4 1 0.1411173</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 3 C 8 1 4 1 0.4018372</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 1 A 16 2 <=1 2 0.4941954</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 10 J 16 0.25 >=8 1 0.5792202</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 5 E 4 2 4 >=4 0.8875875</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">y</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> amr_distance <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">.</span>, <span class="fu">where</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">is.mic</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> check_id_C <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">amr_distance_from_row</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span>, <span class="va">id</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"C"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/arrange.html" class="external-link">arrange</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">check_id_C</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ℹ Calculating mean AMR distance based on columns "amox", "cipr", "gent" and</span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> "tobr"</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> id amox cipr gent tobr amr_distance check_id_C</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 1 C 8 1 4 1 0.4018372 0.00000000</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 2 A 16 2 <=1 2 0.4941954 0.09235825</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 3 J 16 0.25 >=8 1 0.5792202 0.17738302</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 4 B 4 0.5 4 1 0.1411173 0.26071983</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 5 E 4 2 4 >=4 0.8875875 0.48575029</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 6 H 1 2 <=1 2 -0.1439580 0.54579519</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 7 G 8 0.025 2 1 -0.3568509 0.75868806</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 8 I 16 0.125 <=1 0.5 -0.4546376 0.85647479</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 9 D 2 0.125 4 0.5 -0.4928375 0.89467471</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 10 F 1 0.025 <=1 1 -1.0556736 1.45751072</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># support for groups</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Enterococcus"</span> <span class="op">&</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mo_property.html">mo_species</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="st">""</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span>, <span class="va">TCY</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="antibiotic_class_selectors.html">carbapenems</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>d <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">.</span>, <span class="fu">where</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">is.rsi</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/arrange.html" class="external-link">arrange</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span>, <span class="va">d</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for `mo_genus()`</span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for `mo_species()`</span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ℹ For `carbapenems()` using columns 'IPM' (imipenem) and 'MEM' (meropenem)</span>
|
||
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ℹ Calculating mean AMR distance based on columns "IPM", "MEM" and "TCY"</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 63 × 5</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: mo [4]</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> mo TCY IPM MEM d</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><mo></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><rsi></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><rsi></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><rsi></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><dbl></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> B_ENTRC_AVIM S S NA <span style="color: #BB0000;">NaN</span> </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> B_ENTRC_AVIM S S NA <span style="color: #BB0000;">NaN</span> </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> B_ENTRC_CSSL NA S NA <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> B_ENTRC_FACM S S NA -<span style="color: #BB0000;">2.66</span> </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> B_ENTRC_FACM S R R -<span style="color: #BB0000;">0.423</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> B_ENTRC_FACM S R R -<span style="color: #BB0000;">0.423</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># … with 53 more rows</span></span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</main><aside class="col-md-3"><nav id="toc"><h2>On this page</h2>
|
||
</nav></aside></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<footer><div class="pkgdown-footer-left">
|
||
<p></p><p><code>AMR</code> (for R). Developed at the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link">University of Groningen</a> in collaboration with non-profit organisations<br><a target="_blank" href="https://www.certe.nl" class="external-link">Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice Foundation</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="pkgdown-footer-right">
|
||
<p></p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link"><img src="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/pkgdown/logos/logo_rug.svg" style="max-width: 150px;"></a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</footer></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</body></html>
|
||
|