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AMR/R/ggplot_rsi.R

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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# AUTHORS #
# Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# LICENCE #
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify #
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2.0, #
# as published by the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, #
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of #
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the #
# GNU General Public License for more details. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' AMR bar plots with \code{ggplot}
#'
#' Use these functions to create bar plots for antimicrobial resistance analysis. All functions rely on internal \code{\link[ggplot2]{ggplot}} functions.
#' @param data a \code{data.frame} with column(s) of class \code{"rsi"} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}})
#' @param position position adjustment of bars, either \code{"fill"} (default when \code{fun} is \code{\link{count_df}}), \code{"stack"} (default when \code{fun} is \code{\link{portion_df}}) or \code{"dodge"}
#' @param x variable to show on x axis, either \code{"Antibiotic"} (default) or \code{"Interpretation"} or a grouping variable
#' @param fill variable to categorise using the plots legend, either \code{"Antibiotic"} (default) or \code{"Interpretation"} or a grouping variable
#' @param breaks numeric vector of positions
#' @param facet variable to split plots by, either \code{"Interpretation"} (default) or \code{"Antibiotic"} or a grouping variable
#' @param translate_ab a column name of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations into, using \code{\link{abname}}. Default behaviour is to translate to official names according to the WHO. Use \code{translate_ab = FALSE} to disable translation.
#' @param fun function to transform \code{data}, either \code{\link{count_df}} (default) or \code{\link{portion_df}}
#' @param nrow (when using \code{facet}) number of rows
#' @param datalabels show datalabels using \code{labels_rsi_count}, will at default only be shown when \code{fun = count_df}
#' @param datalabels.size size of the datalabels
#' @param datalabels.colour colour of the datalabels
#' @param ... other parameters passed on to \code{geom_rsi}
#' @details At default, the names of antibiotics will be shown on the plots using \code{\link{abname}}. This can be set with the option \code{get_antibiotic_names} (a logical value), so change it e.g. to \code{FALSE} with \code{options(get_antibiotic_names = FALSE)}.
#'
#' \strong{The functions}\cr
#' \code{geom_rsi} will take any variable from the data that has an \code{rsi} class (created with \code{\link{as.rsi}}) using \code{fun} (\code{\link{count_df}} at default, can also be \code{\link{portion_df}}) and will plot bars with the percentage R, I and S. The default behaviour is to have the bars stacked and to have the different antibiotics on the x axis.
#'
#' \code{facet_rsi} creates 2d plots (at default based on S/I/R) using \code{\link[ggplot2]{facet_wrap}}.
#'
#' \code{scale_y_percent} transforms the y axis to a 0 to 100\% range using \code{\link[ggplot2]{scale_continuous}}.
#'
#' \code{scale_rsi_colours} sets colours to the bars: green for S, yellow for I and red for R, using \code{\link[ggplot2]{scale_brewer}}.
#'
#' \code{theme_rsi} is a \code{ggplot \link[ggplot2]{theme}} with minimal distraction.
#'
#' \code{labels_rsi_count} print datalabels on the bars with percentage and amount of isolates using \code{\link[ggplot2]{geom_text}}
#'
#' \code{ggplot_rsi} is a wrapper around all above functions that uses data as first input. This makes it possible to use this function after a pipe (\code{\%>\%}). See Examples.
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @importFrom utils installed.packages
#' @export
#' @examples
#' library(dplyr)
#' library(ggplot2)
#'
#' # get antimicrobial results for drugs against a UTI:
#' ggplot(septic_patients %>% select(amox, nitr, fosf, trim, cipr)) +
#' geom_rsi()
#'
#' # prettify the plot using some additional functions:
#' df <- septic_patients[, c("amox", "nitr", "fosf", "trim", "cipr")]
#' ggplot(df) +
#' geom_rsi() +
#' scale_y_percent() +
#' scale_rsi_colours() +
#' labels_rsi_count() +
#' theme_rsi()
#'
#' # or better yet, simplify this using the wrapper function - a single command:
#' septic_patients %>%
#' select(amox, nitr, fosf, trim, cipr) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi()
#'
#' # get only portions and no counts:
#' septic_patients %>%
#' select(amox, nitr, fosf, trim, cipr) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(fun = portion_df)
#'
#' # add other ggplot2 parameters as you like:
#' septic_patients %>%
#' select(amox, nitr, fosf, trim, cipr) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(width = 0.5,
#' colour = "black",
#' size = 1,
#' linetype = 2,
#' alpha = 0.25)
#' \donttest{
#'
#' # for colourblind mode, use divergent colours from the viridis package:
#' septic_patients %>%
#' select(amox, nitr, fosf, trim, cipr) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi() + scale_fill_viridis_d()
#'
#'
#' # it also supports groups (don't forget to use the group var on `x` or `facet`):
#' septic_patients %>%
#' select(hospital_id, amox, nitr, fosf, trim, cipr) %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(x = hospital_id,
#' facet = Antibiotic,
#' nrow = 1) +
#' labs(title = "AMR of Anti-UTI Drugs Per Hospital",
#' x = "Hospital")
#'
#' # genuine analysis: check 2 most prevalent microorganisms
#' septic_patients %>%
#' # create new bacterial ID's, with all CoNS under the same group (Becker et al.)
#' mutate(mo = as.mo(mo, Becker = TRUE)) %>%
#' # filter on top three bacterial ID's
#' filter(mo %in% top_freq(freq(.$mo), 3)) %>%
#' # determine first isolates
#' mutate(first_isolate = first_isolate(.,
#' col_date = "date",
#' col_patient_id = "patient_id",
#' col_mo = "mo")) %>%
#' # filter on first isolates
#' filter(first_isolate == TRUE) %>%
#' # get short MO names (like "E. coli")
#' mutate(mo = mo_shortname(mo, Becker = TRUE)) %>%
#' # select this short name and some antiseptic drugs
#' select(mo, cfur, gent, cipr) %>%
#' # group by MO
#' group_by(mo) %>%
#' # plot the thing, putting MOs on the facet
#' ggplot_rsi(x = Antibiotic,
#' facet = mo,
#' translate_ab = FALSE,
#' nrow = 1) +
#' labs(title = "AMR of Top Three Microorganisms In Blood Culture Isolates",
#' subtitle = "Only First Isolates, CoNS grouped according to Becker et al. (2014)",
#' x = "Microorganisms")
#' }
ggplot_rsi <- function(data,
position = NULL,
x = "Antibiotic",
fill = "Interpretation",
# params = list(),
facet = NULL,
breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1),
translate_ab = "official",
fun = count_df,
nrow = NULL,
datalabels = TRUE,
datalabels.size = 3,
datalabels.colour = "grey15",
...) {
if (!"ggplot2" %in% rownames(installed.packages())) {
stop('this function requires the ggplot2 package.', call. = FALSE)
}
fun_name <- deparse(substitute(fun))
if (!fun_name %in% c("portion_df", "count_df")) {
stop("`fun` must be portion_df or count_df")
}
x <- x[1]
facet <- facet[1]
# we work with aes_string later on
x_deparse <- deparse(substitute(x))
if (x_deparse != "x") {
x <- x_deparse
}
if (x %like% '".*"') {
x <- substr(x, 2, nchar(x) - 1)
}
facet_deparse <- deparse(substitute(facet))
if (facet_deparse != "facet") {
facet <- facet_deparse
}
if (facet %like% '".*"') {
facet <- substr(facet, 2, nchar(facet) - 1)
}
if (facet %in% c("NULL", "")) {
facet <- NULL
}
p <- ggplot2::ggplot(data = data) +
geom_rsi(position = position, x = x, fill = fill, translate_ab = translate_ab, fun = fun, ...) +
theme_rsi()
if (fill == "Interpretation") {
# set RSI colours
p <- p + scale_rsi_colours()
}
if (is.null(position)) {
position <- "fill"
}
if (fun_name == "portion_df"
| (fun_name == "count_df" & position == "fill")) {
# portions, so use y scale with percentage
p <- p + scale_y_percent(breaks = breaks)
}
if (fun_name == "count_df" & datalabels == TRUE) {
p <- p + labels_rsi_count(position = position,
x = x,
datalabels.size = datalabels.size,
datalabels.colour = datalabels.colour)
}
if (!is.null(facet)) {
p <- p + facet_rsi(facet = facet, nrow = nrow)
}
p
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
geom_rsi <- function(position = NULL,
x = c("Antibiotic", "Interpretation"),
fill = "Interpretation",
translate_ab = "official",
fun = count_df,
...) {
fun_name <- deparse(substitute(fun))
if (!fun_name %in% c("portion_df", "count_df", "fun")) {
stop("`fun` must be portion_df or count_df")
}
y <- "Value"
if (identical(fun, count_df)) {
if (missing(position) | is.null(position)) {
position <- "fill"
}
} else {
if (missing(position) | is.null(position)) {
position <- "stack"
}
}
x <- x[1]
# we work with aes_string later on
x_deparse <- deparse(substitute(x))
if (x_deparse != "x") {
x <- x_deparse
}
if (x %like% '".*"') {
x <- substr(x, 2, nchar(x) - 1)
}
if (tolower(x) %in% tolower(c('ab', 'antibiotic', 'abx', 'antibiotics'))) {
x <- "Antibiotic"
} else if (tolower(x) %in% tolower(c('SIR', 'RSI', 'interpretation', 'interpretations', 'result'))) {
x <- "Interpretation"
}
options(get_antibiotic_names = translate_ab)
ggplot2::layer(geom = "bar", stat = "identity", position = position,
mapping = ggplot2::aes_string(x = x, y = y, fill = fill),
data = fun, params = list(...))
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
facet_rsi <- function(facet = c("Interpretation", "Antibiotic"), nrow = NULL) {
facet <- facet[1]
# we work with aes_string later on
facet_deparse <- deparse(substitute(facet))
if (facet_deparse != "facet") {
facet <- facet_deparse
}
if (facet %like% '".*"') {
facet <- substr(facet, 2, nchar(facet) - 1)
}
if (tolower(facet) %in% tolower(c('SIR', 'RSI', 'interpretation', 'interpretations', 'result'))) {
facet <- "Interpretation"
} else if (tolower(facet) %in% tolower(c('ab', 'antibiotic', 'abx', 'antibiotics'))) {
facet <- "Antibiotic"
}
ggplot2::facet_wrap(facets = facet, scales = "free_x", nrow = nrow)
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
scale_y_percent <- function(breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1)) {
ggplot2::scale_y_continuous(breaks = breaks,
labels = percent(breaks))
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
scale_rsi_colours <- function() {
ggplot2::scale_fill_brewer(palette = "RdYlGn")
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
theme_rsi <- function() {
ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
ggplot2::theme(panel.grid.major.x = ggplot2::element_blank(),
panel.grid.minor = ggplot2::element_blank(),
panel.grid.major.y = ggplot2::element_line(colour = "grey75"))
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
labels_rsi_count <- function(position = NULL,
x = "Antibiotic",
datalabels.size = 3,
datalabels.colour = "grey15") {
if (is.null(position)) {
position <- "fill"
}
if (position == "fill") {
position <- ggplot2::position_fill(vjust = 0.5)
}
ggplot2::geom_text(mapping = ggplot2::aes_string(label = "lbl",
x = x,
y = "Value"),
position = position,
data = getlbls,
inherit.aes = FALSE,
size = datalabels.size,
colour = datalabels.colour)
}
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% group_by mutate
getlbls <- function(data) {
data %>%
count_df() %>%
group_by(Antibiotic) %>%
mutate(lbl = paste0(percent(Value / sum(Value, na.rm = TRUE), force_zero = TRUE),
" (n=", Value, ")")) %>%
mutate(lbl = ifelse(lbl == "0.0% (n=0)", "", lbl))
}
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