1
0
mirror of https://github.com/msberends/AMR.git synced 2024-12-26 08:06:12 +01:00
AMR/reference/eucast_rules.html
github-actions 8e108a2243 cli-147-2111
2024-06-14 20:48:53 +00:00

423 lines
75 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- Generated by pkgdown: do not edit by hand --><html lang="en"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"><meta name="description" content="Apply rules for clinical breakpoints and intrinsic resistance as defined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, https://www.eucast.org), see Source. Use eucast_dosage() to get a data.frame with advised dosages of a certain bug-drug combination, which is based on the dosage data set.
To improve the interpretation of the antibiogram before EUCAST rules are applied, some non-EUCAST rules can applied at default, see Details."><title>Apply EUCAST Rules — eucast_rules • AMR (for R)</title><!-- favicons --><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="180x180" href="../apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="120x120" href="../apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="76x76" href="../apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" sizes="60x60" href="../apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"><script src="../deps/jquery-3.6.0/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"><link href="../deps/bootstrap-5.3.1/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../deps/bootstrap-5.3.1/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script><link href="../deps/Lato-0.4.9/font.css" rel="stylesheet"><link href="../deps/Fira_Code-0.4.9/font.css" rel="stylesheet"><!-- Font Awesome icons --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/all.min.css" integrity="sha256-mmgLkCYLUQbXn0B1SRqzHar6dCnv9oZFPEC1g1cwlkk=" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/5.12.1/css/v4-shims.min.css" integrity="sha256-wZjR52fzng1pJHwx4aV2AO3yyTOXrcDW7jBpJtTwVxw=" crossorigin="anonymous"><!-- bootstrap-toc --><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/afeld/bootstrap-toc@v1.0.1/dist/bootstrap-toc.min.js" integrity="sha256-4veVQbu7//Lk5TSmc7YV48MxtMy98e26cf5MrgZYnwo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- headroom.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-AsUX4SJE1+yuDu5+mAVzJbuYNPHj/WroHuZ8Ir/CkE0=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/headroom/0.11.0/jQuery.headroom.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZX/yNShbjqsohH1k95liqY9Gd8uOiE1S4vZc+9KQ1K4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- clipboard.js --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/clipboard.js/2.0.11/clipboard.min.js" integrity="sha512-7O5pXpc0oCRrxk8RUfDYFgn0nO1t+jLuIOQdOMRp4APB7uZ4vSjspzp5y6YDtDs4VzUSTbWzBFZ/LKJhnyFOKw==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></script><!-- search --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/fuse.js/6.4.6/fuse.js" integrity="sha512-zv6Ywkjyktsohkbp9bb45V6tEMoWhzFzXis+LrMehmJZZSys19Yxf1dopHx7WzIKxr5tK2dVcYmaCk2uqdjF4A==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/autocomplete.js/0.38.0/autocomplete.jquery.min.js" integrity="sha512-GU9ayf+66Xx2TmpxqJpliWbT5PiGYxpaG8rfnBEk1LL8l1KGkRShhngwdXK1UgqhAzWpZHSiYPc09/NwDQIGyg==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mark.js/8.11.1/mark.min.js" integrity="sha512-5CYOlHXGh6QpOFA/TeTylKLWfB3ftPsde7AnmhuitiTX4K5SqCLBeKro6sPS8ilsz1Q4NRx3v8Ko2IBiszzdww==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!-- pkgdown --><script src="../pkgdown.js"></script><link href="../extra.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="Apply EUCAST Rules — eucast_rules"><meta property="og:description" content="Apply rules for clinical breakpoints and intrinsic resistance as defined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, https://www.eucast.org), see Source. Use eucast_dosage() to get a data.frame with advised dosages of a certain bug-drug combination, which is based on the dosage data set.
To improve the interpretation of the antibiogram before EUCAST rules are applied, some non-EUCAST rules can applied at default, see Details."><meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.svg"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@msberends"><!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
<![endif]--></head><body>
<a href="#main" class="visually-hidden-focusable">Skip to contents</a>
<nav class="navbar fixed-top navbar-dark navbar-expand-lg bg-primary" data-bs-theme="dark"><div class="container">
<a class="navbar-brand me-2" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<small class="nav-text text-muted me-auto" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-bs-placement="bottom" title="">2.1.1.9049</small>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbar" aria-controls="navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse ms-3">
<ul class="navbar-nav me-auto"><li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a href="#" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" id="dropdown--how-to">
<span class="fa fa-question-circle"></span>
How to
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown--how-to">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/AMR.html">
<span class="fa fa-directions"></span>
Conduct AMR Analysis
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../reference/antibiogram.html">
<span class="fa fa-file-prescription"></span>
Generate Antibiogram (Trad./Syndromic/WISCA)
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/resistance_predict.html">
<span class="fa fa-dice"></span>
Predict Antimicrobial Resistance
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/datasets.html">
<span class="fa fa-database"></span>
Download Data Sets for Own Use
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../reference/AMR-options.html">
<span class="fa fa-gear"></span>
Set User- Or Team-specific Package Settings
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/PCA.html">
<span class="fa fa-compress"></span>
Conduct Principal Component Analysis for AMR
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/MDR.html">
<span class="fa fa-skull-crossbones"></span>
Determine Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR)
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/WHONET.html">
<span class="fa fa-globe-americas"></span>
Work with WHONET Data
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/EUCAST.html">
<span class="fa fa-exchange-alt"></span>
Apply Eucast Rules
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../reference/mo_property.html">
<span class="fa fa-bug"></span>
Get Taxonomy of a Microorganism
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../reference/ab_property.html">
<span class="fa fa-capsules"></span>
Get Properties of an Antibiotic Drug
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../reference/av_property.html">
<span class="fa fa-capsules"></span>
Get Properties of an Antiviral Drug
</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="nav-item dropdown">
<a href="#" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" id="dropdown--with-other-pkgs">
<span class="fa fa-layer-group"></span>
With other pkgs
</a>
<div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdown--with-other-pkgs">
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/other_pkg.html">
<span class="fa fa-layer-group"></span>
AMR &amp; dplyr/tidyverse
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/other_pkg.html">
<span class="fa fa-layer-group"></span>
AMR &amp; data.table
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/other_pkg.html">
<span class="fa fa-layer-group"></span>
AMR &amp; tidymodels
</a>
<a class="dropdown-item" href="../articles/other_pkg.html">
<span class="fa fa-layer-group"></span>
AMR &amp; base R
</a>
</div>
</li>
<li class="active nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="../reference/index.html">
<span class="fa fa-book-open"></span>
Manual
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="../authors.html">
<span class="fa fa-users"></span>
Authors
</a>
</li>
</ul><form class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0" role="search">
<input type="search" class="form-control me-sm-2" aria-label="Toggle navigation" name="search-input" data-search-index="../search.json" id="search-input" placeholder="Search for" autocomplete="off"></form>
<ul class="navbar-nav"><li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="../news/index.html">
<span class="far fa far fa-newspaper"></span>
Changelog
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="external-link nav-link" href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR">
<span class="fab fa fab fa-github"></span>
Source Code
</a>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</nav><div class="container template-reference-topic">
<div class="row">
<main id="main" class="col-md-9"><div class="page-header">
<img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Apply EUCAST Rules</h1>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/R/eucast_rules.R" class="external-link"><code>R/eucast_rules.R</code></a></small>
<div class="d-none name"><code>eucast_rules.Rd</code></div>
</div>
<div class="ref-description section level2">
<p>Apply rules for clinical breakpoints and intrinsic resistance as defined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, <a href="https://www.eucast.org" class="external-link">https://www.eucast.org</a>), see <em>Source</em>. Use <code>eucast_dosage()</code> to get a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with advised dosages of a certain bug-drug combination, which is based on the <a href="dosage.html">dosage</a> data set.</p>
<p>To improve the interpretation of the antibiogram before EUCAST rules are applied, some non-EUCAST rules can applied at default, see <em>Details</em>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">eucast_rules</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span> <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span> col_mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,</span>
<span> info <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/interactive.html" class="external-link">interactive</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> rules <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_eucastrules"</span>, default <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"breakpoints"</span>, <span class="st">"expert"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> verbose <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span> version_breakpoints <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">12</span>,</span>
<span> version_expertrules <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">3.3</span>,</span>
<span> ampc_cephalosporin_resistance <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NA</span>,</span>
<span> only_sir_columns <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>,</span>
<span> custom_rules <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">eucast_dosage</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ab</span>, administration <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"iv"</span>, version_breakpoints <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">12</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="source">Source<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#source"></a></h2>
<ul><li><p>EUCAST Expert Rules. Version 2.0, 2012.<br>
Leclercq et al. <strong>EUCAST expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.</strong> <em>Clin Microbiol Infect.</em> 2013;19(2):141-60; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03703.x" class="external-link">doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03703.x</a></p></li>
<li><p>EUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables. Version 3.1, 2016. <a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf" class="external-link">(link)</a></p></li>
<li><p>EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes. Version 3.2, 2020. <a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf" class="external-link">(link)</a></p></li>
<li><p>EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes. Version 3.3, 2021. <a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2021/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.3_20211018.pdf" class="external-link">(link)</a></p></li>
<li><p>EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0, 2019. <a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Breakpoint_tables/v_9.0_Breakpoint_Tables.xlsx" class="external-link">(link)</a></p></li>
<li><p>EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 10.0, 2020. <a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Breakpoint_tables/v_10.0_Breakpoint_Tables.xlsx" class="external-link">(link)</a></p></li>
<li><p>EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 11.0, 2021. <a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Breakpoint_tables/v_11.0_Breakpoint_Tables.xlsx" class="external-link">(link)</a></p></li>
<li><p>EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 12.0, 2022. <a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Breakpoint_tables/v_12.0_Breakpoint_Tables.xlsx" class="external-link">(link)</a></p></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
<dl><dt>x</dt>
<dd><p>a data set with antibiotic columns, such as <code>amox</code>, <code>AMX</code> and <code>AMC</code></p></dd>
<dt>col_mo</dt>
<dd><p>column name of the names or codes of the microorganisms (see <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>) - the default is the first column of class <code><a href="as.mo.html">mo</a></code>. Values will be coerced using <code><a href="as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code>.</p></dd>
<dt>info</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether progress should be printed to the console - the default is only print while in interactive sessions</p></dd>
<dt>rules</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> vector that specifies which rules should be applied. Must be one or more of <code>"breakpoints"</code>, <code>"expert"</code>, <code>"other"</code>, <code>"custom"</code>, <code>"all"</code>, and defaults to <code>c("breakpoints", "expert")</code>. The default value can be set to another value using the <a href="AMR-options.html">package option</a> <code><a href="AMR-options.html">AMR_eucastrules</a></code>: <code>options(AMR_eucastrules = "all")</code>. If using <code>"custom"</code>, be sure to fill in argument <code>custom_rules</code> too. Custom rules can be created with <code><a href="custom_eucast_rules.html">custom_eucast_rules()</a></code>.</p></dd>
<dt>verbose</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to turn Verbose mode on and off (default is off). In Verbose mode, the function does not apply rules to the data, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which rows and columns would be effected and in which way. Using Verbose mode takes a lot more time.</p></dd>
<dt>version_breakpoints</dt>
<dd><p>the version number to use for the EUCAST Clinical Breakpoints guideline. Can be "12.0", "11.0", or "10.0".</p></dd>
<dt>version_expertrules</dt>
<dd><p>the version number to use for the EUCAST Expert Rules and Intrinsic Resistance guideline. Can be "3.3", "3.2", or "3.1".</p></dd>
<dt>ampc_cephalosporin_resistance</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> value that should be applied to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime for AmpC de-repressed cephalosporin-resistant mutants - the default is <code>NA</code>. Currently only works when <code>version_expertrules</code> is <code>3.2</code> and higher; these version of '<em>EUCAST Expert Rules on Enterobacterales</em>' state that results of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime should be reported with a note, or results should be suppressed (emptied) for these three drugs. A value of <code>NA</code> (the default) for this argument will remove results for these three drugs, while e.g. a value of <code>"R"</code> will make the results for these drugs resistant. Use <code>NULL</code> or <code>FALSE</code> to not alter results for these three drugs of AmpC de-repressed cephalosporin-resistant mutants. Using <code>TRUE</code> is equal to using <code>"R"</code>. <br> For <em>EUCAST Expert Rules</em> v3.2, this rule applies to: <em>Citrobacter braakii</em>, <em>Citrobacter freundii</em>, <em>Citrobacter gillenii</em>, <em>Citrobacter murliniae</em>, <em>Citrobacter rodenticum</em>, <em>Citrobacter sedlakii</em>, <em>Citrobacter werkmanii</em>, <em>Citrobacter youngae</em>, <em>Enterobacter</em>, <em>Hafnia alvei</em>, <em>Klebsiella aerogenes</em>, <em>Morganella morganii</em>, <em>Providencia</em>, and <em>Serratia</em>.</p></dd>
<dt>only_sir_columns</dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether only antibiotic columns must be detected that were transformed to class <code>sir</code> (see <code><a href="as.sir.html">as.sir()</a></code>) on beforehand (default is <code>FALSE</code>)</p></dd>
<dt>custom_rules</dt>
<dd><p>custom rules to apply, created with <code><a href="custom_eucast_rules.html">custom_eucast_rules()</a></code></p></dd>
<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>column name of an antibiotic, see section <em>Antibiotics</em> below</p></dd>
<dt>ab</dt>
<dd><p>any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid antibiotic drug code with <code><a href="as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code></p></dd>
<dt>administration</dt>
<dd><p>route of administration, either "im", "iv", or "oral"</p></dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="value">Value<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#value"></a></h2>
<p>The input of <code>x</code>, possibly with edited values of antibiotics. Or, if <code>verbose = TRUE</code>, a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with all original and new values of the affected bug-drug combinations.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> This function does not translate MIC values to SIR values. Use <code><a href="as.sir.html">as.sir()</a></code> for that. <br><strong>Note:</strong> When ampicillin (AMP, J01CA01) is not available but amoxicillin (AMX, J01CA04) is, the latter will be used for all rules where there is a dependency on ampicillin. These drugs are interchangeable when it comes to expression of antimicrobial resistance. <br></p>
<p>The file containing all EUCAST rules is located here: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/main/data-raw/eucast_rules.tsv" class="external-link">https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/main/data-raw/eucast_rules.tsv</a>. <strong>Note:</strong> Old taxonomic names are replaced with the current taxonomy where applicable. For example, <em>Ochrobactrum anthropi</em> was renamed to <em>Brucella anthropi</em> in 2020; the original EUCAST rules v3.1 and v3.2 did not yet contain this new taxonomic name. The <code>AMR</code> package contains the full microbial taxonomy updated until January 8th, 2024, see <a href="microorganisms.html">microorganisms</a>.</p><div class="section">
<h3 id="custom-rules">Custom Rules<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#custom-rules"></a></h3>
<p>Custom rules can be created using <code><a href="custom_eucast_rules.html">custom_eucast_rules()</a></code>, e.g.:</p>
<p></p><div class="sourceCode r"><pre><code><span><span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/custom_eucast_rules.html">custom_eucast_rules</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AMC</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"R"</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="va">genus</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Klebsiella"</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="va">aminopenicillins</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"R"</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">AMC</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"I"</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="va">genus</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Klebsiella"</span> <span class="op">~</span> <span class="va">aminopenicillins</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"I"</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">example_isolates</span>, rules <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"custom"</span>, custom_rules <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre><p></p></div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h3 id="-other-rules">'Other' Rules<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#-other-rules"></a></h3>
<p>Before further processing, two non-EUCAST rules about drug combinations can be applied to improve the efficacy of the EUCAST rules, and the reliability of your data (analysis). These rules are:</p><ol><li><p>A drug <strong>with</strong> enzyme inhibitor will be set to S if the same drug <strong>without</strong> enzyme inhibitor is S</p></li>
<li><p>A drug <strong>without</strong> enzyme inhibitor will be set to R if the same drug <strong>with</strong> enzyme inhibitor is R</p></li>
</ol><p>Important examples include amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and trimethoprim and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Needless to say, for these rules to work, both drugs must be available in the data set.</p>
<p>Since these rules are not officially approved by EUCAST, they are not applied at default. To use these rules, include <code>"other"</code> to the <code>rules</code> argument, or use <code>eucast_rules(..., rules = "all")</code>. You can also set the <a href="AMR-options.html">package option</a> <code><a href="AMR-options.html">AMR_eucastrules</a></code>, i.e. run <code>options(AMR_eucastrules = "all")</code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="antibiotics">Antibiotics<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#antibiotics"></a></h2>
<p>To define antibiotics column names, leave as it is to determine it automatically with <code><a href="guess_ab_col.html">guess_ab_col()</a></code> or input a text (case-insensitive), or use <code>NULL</code> to skip a column (e.g. <code>TIC = NULL</code> to skip ticarcillin). Manually defined but non-existing columns will be skipped with a warning.</p>
<p>The following antibiotics are eligible for the functions <code>eucast_rules()</code> and <code><a href="mdro.html">mdro()</a></code>. These are shown below in the format 'name (<code>antimicrobial ID</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc/structure_and_principles/" class="external-link">ATC code</a>)', sorted alphabetically:</p>
<p>Amikacin (<code>AMK</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB06</a>), amoxicillin (<code>AMX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA04</a>), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (<code>AMC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CR02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CR02</a>), ampicillin (<code>AMP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA01</a>), ampicillin/sulbactam (<code>SAM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CR01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CR01</a>), apramycin (<code>APR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QA07AA92&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QA07AA92</a>), arbekacin (<code>ARB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB12&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB12</a>), aspoxicillin (<code>APX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA19&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA19</a>), azidocillin (<code>AZD</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE04</a>), azithromycin (<code>AZM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA10</a>), azlocillin (<code>AZL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA09</a>), aztreonam (<code>ATM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DF01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DF01</a>), bacampicillin (<code>BAM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA06</a>), bekanamycin (<code>BEK</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB13&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB13</a>), benzathine benzylpenicillin (<code>BNB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE08</a>), benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin (<code>BNP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE10</a>), benzylpenicillin (<code>PEN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE01</a>), besifloxacin (<code>BES</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=S01AE08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">S01AE08</a>), biapenem (<code>BIA</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH05</a>), carbenicillin (<code>CRB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA03</a>), carindacillin (<code>CRN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA05</a>), cefacetrile (<code>CAC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB10</a>), cefaclor (<code>CEC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC04</a>), cefadroxil (<code>CFR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB05</a>), cefalexin (<code>LEX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB01</a>), cefaloridine (<code>RID</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB02</a>), cefalotin (<code>CEP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB03</a>), cefamandole (<code>MAN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC03</a>), cefapirin (<code>HAP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB08</a>), cefatrizine (<code>CTZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB07</a>), cefazedone (<code>CZD</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB06</a>), cefazolin (<code>CZO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB04</a>), cefcapene (<code>CCP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD17&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD17</a>), cefdinir (<code>CDR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD15&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD15</a>), cefditoren (<code>DIT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD16&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD16</a>), cefepime (<code>FEP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DE01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DE01</a>), cefetamet (<code>CAT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD10</a>), cefixime (<code>CFM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD08</a>), cefmenoxime (<code>CMX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD05</a>), cefmetazole (<code>CMZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC09</a>), cefodizime (<code>DIZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD09</a>), cefonicid (<code>CID</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC06</a>), cefoperazone (<code>CFP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD12&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD12</a>), cefoperazone/sulbactam (<code>CSL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD62&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD62</a>), ceforanide (<code>CND</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC11</a>), cefotaxime (<code>CTX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD01</a>), cefotaxime/clavulanic acid (<code>CTC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD51&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD51</a>), cefotetan (<code>CTT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC05</a>), cefotiam (<code>CTF</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC07</a>), cefovecin (<code>FOV</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01DD91&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01DD91</a>), cefoxitin (<code>FOX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC01</a>), cefozopran (<code>ZOP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DE03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DE03</a>), cefpiramide (<code>CPM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD11</a>), cefpirome (<code>CPO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DE02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DE02</a>), cefpodoxime (<code>CPD</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD13&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD13</a>), cefprozil (<code>CPR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC10</a>), cefquinome (<code>CEQ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QG51AA07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QG51AA07</a>), cefroxadine (<code>CRD</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB11</a>), cefsulodin (<code>CFS</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD03</a>), ceftaroline (<code>CPT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DI02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DI02</a>), ceftazidime (<code>CAZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD02</a>), ceftazidime/clavulanic acid (<code>CCV</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD52&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD52</a>), cefteram (<code>CEM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD18&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD18</a>), ceftezole (<code>CTL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB12&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB12</a>), ceftibuten (<code>CTB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD14&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD14</a>), ceftiofur (<code>TIO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01DD90&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01DD90</a>), ceftizoxime (<code>CZX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD07</a>), ceftobiprole medocaril (<code>CFM1</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DI01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DI01</a>), ceftolozane/tazobactam (<code>CZT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DI54&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DI54</a>), ceftriaxone (<code>CRO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD04</a>), ceftriaxone/beta-lactamase inhibitor (<code>CEB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD63&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD63</a>), cefuroxime (<code>CXM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC02</a>), cephradine (<code>CED</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DB09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DB09</a>), chloramphenicol (<code>CHL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01BA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01BA01</a>), ciprofloxacin (<code>CIP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA02</a>), clarithromycin (<code>CLR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA09</a>), clindamycin (<code>CLI</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FF01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FF01</a>), clometocillin (<code>CLM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE07</a>), cloxacillin (<code>CLO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CF02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CF02</a>), colistin (<code>COL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XB01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XB01</a>), cycloserine (<code>CYC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J04AB01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J04AB01</a>), dalbavancin (<code>DAL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XA04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XA04</a>), danofloxacin (<code>DAN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01MA92&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01MA92</a>), daptomycin (<code>DAP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XX09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XX09</a>), delafloxacin (<code>DFX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA23&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA23</a>), dibekacin (<code>DKB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB09</a>), dicloxacillin (<code>DIC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CF01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CF01</a>), difloxacin (<code>DIF</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01MA94&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01MA94</a>), dirithromycin (<code>DIR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA13&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA13</a>), doripenem (<code>DOR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH04</a>), doxycycline (<code>DOX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01AA02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01AA02</a>), enoxacin (<code>ENX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA04</a>), enrofloxacin (<code>ENR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01MA90&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01MA90</a>), epicillin (<code>EPC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA07</a>), ertapenem (<code>ETP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH03</a>), erythromycin (<code>ERY</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA01</a>), fleroxacin (<code>FLE</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA08</a>), flucloxacillin (<code>FLC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CF05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CF05</a>), flurithromycin (<code>FLR1</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA14&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA14</a>), fosfomycin (<code>FOS</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XX01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XX01</a>), framycetin (<code>FRM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=D09AA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">D09AA01</a>), fusidic acid (<code>FUS</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XC01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XC01</a>), gamithromycin (<code>GAM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FA95&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FA95</a>), garenoxacin (<code>GRN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA19&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA19</a>), gatifloxacin (<code>GAT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA16&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA16</a>), gemifloxacin (<code>GEM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA15&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA15</a>), gentamicin (<code>GEN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB03</a>), grepafloxacin (<code>GRX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA11</a>), hetacillin (<code>HET</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA18&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA18</a>), imipenem (<code>IPM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH51&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH51</a>), imipenem/relebactam (<code>IMR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH56&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH56</a>), isepamicin (<code>ISE</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB11</a>), josamycin (<code>JOS</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA07</a>), kanamycin (<code>KAN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB04</a>), kitasamycin (<code>KIT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FA93&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FA93</a>), lascufloxacin (<code>LSC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA25&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA25</a>), latamoxef (<code>LTM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DD06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DD06</a>), levofloxacin (<code>LVX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA12&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA12</a>), levonadifloxacin (<code>LND</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA24&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA24</a>), lincomycin (<code>LIN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FF02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FF02</a>), linezolid (<code>LNZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XX08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XX08</a>), lomefloxacin (<code>LOM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA07</a>), loracarbef (<code>LOR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DC08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DC08</a>), marbofloxacin (<code>MAR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01MA93&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01MA93</a>), mecillinam (<code>MEC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA11</a>), meropenem (<code>MEM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH02</a>), meropenem/vaborbactam (<code>MEV</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH52&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH52</a>), metampicillin (<code>MTM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA14&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA14</a>), meticillin (<code>MET</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CF03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CF03</a>), mezlocillin (<code>MEZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA10</a>), micronomicin (<code>MCR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=S01AA22&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">S01AA22</a>), midecamycin (<code>MID</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA03</a>), minocycline (<code>MNO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01AA08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01AA08</a>), miocamycin (<code>MCM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA11</a>), moxifloxacin (<code>MFX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA14&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA14</a>), nadifloxacin (<code>NAD</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=D10AF05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">D10AF05</a>), nafcillin (<code>NAF</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CF06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CF06</a>), nalidixic acid (<code>NAL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MB02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MB02</a>), neomycin (<code>NEO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB05</a>), netilmicin (<code>NET</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB07</a>), nitrofurantoin (<code>NIT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XE01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XE01</a>), norfloxacin (<code>NOR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA06</a>), novobiocin (<code>NOV</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01XX95&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01XX95</a>), ofloxacin (<code>OFX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA01</a>), oleandomycin (<code>OLE</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA05</a>), orbifloxacin (<code>ORB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01MA95&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01MA95</a>), oritavancin (<code>ORI</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XA05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XA05</a>), oxacillin (<code>OXA</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CF04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CF04</a>), panipenem (<code>PAN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH55&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH55</a>), pazufloxacin (<code>PAZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA18&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA18</a>), pefloxacin (<code>PEF</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA03</a>), penamecillin (<code>PNM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE06</a>), pheneticillin (<code>PHE</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE05</a>), phenoxymethylpenicillin (<code>PHN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE02</a>), piperacillin (<code>PIP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA12&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA12</a>), piperacillin/tazobactam (<code>TZP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CR05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CR05</a>), pirlimycin (<code>PRL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ51FF90&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ51FF90</a>), pivampicillin (<code>PVM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA02</a>), pivmecillinam (<code>PME</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA08</a>), plazomicin (<code>PLZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB14&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB14</a>), polymyxin B (<code>PLB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XB02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XB02</a>), pradofloxacin (<code>PRA</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01MA97&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01MA97</a>), pristinamycin (<code>PRI</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FG01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FG01</a>), procaine benzylpenicillin (<code>PRB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE09</a>), propicillin (<code>PRP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CE03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CE03</a>), prulifloxacin (<code>PRU</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA17&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA17</a>), quinupristin/dalfopristin (<code>QDA</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FG02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FG02</a>), ribostamycin (<code>RST</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB10</a>), rifampicin (<code>RIF</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J04AB02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J04AB02</a>), rokitamycin (<code>ROK</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA12&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA12</a>), roxithromycin (<code>RXT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA06</a>), rufloxacin (<code>RFL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA10&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA10</a>), sarafloxacin (<code>SAR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01MA98&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01MA98</a>), sisomicin (<code>SIS</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB08</a>), sitafloxacin (<code>SIT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA21&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA21</a>), solithromycin (<code>SOL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA16&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA16</a>), sparfloxacin (<code>SPX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA09</a>), spiramycin (<code>SPI</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA02</a>), streptoduocin (<code>STR</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GA02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GA02</a>), streptomycin (<code>STR1</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GA01</a>), sulbactam (<code>SUL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CG01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CG01</a>), sulbenicillin (<code>SBC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA16&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA16</a>), sulfadiazine (<code>SDI</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EC02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EC02</a>), sulfadiazine/trimethoprim (<code>SLT1</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EE02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EE02</a>), sulfadimethoxine (<code>SUD</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED01</a>), sulfadimidine (<code>SDM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB03</a>), sulfadimidine/trimethoprim (<code>SLT2</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EE05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EE05</a>), sulfafurazole (<code>SLF</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB05</a>), sulfaisodimidine (<code>SLF1</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB01</a>), sulfalene (<code>SLF2</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED02</a>), sulfamazone (<code>SZO</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED09&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED09</a>), sulfamerazine (<code>SLF3</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED07</a>), sulfamerazine/trimethoprim (<code>SLT3</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EE07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EE07</a>), sulfamethizole (<code>SLF4</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB02</a>), sulfamethoxazole (<code>SMX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EC01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EC01</a>), sulfamethoxypyridazine (<code>SLF5</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED05</a>), sulfametomidine (<code>SLF6</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED03</a>), sulfametoxydiazine (<code>SLF7</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED04</a>), sulfametrole/trimethoprim (<code>SLT4</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EE03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EE03</a>), sulfamoxole (<code>SLF8</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EC03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EC03</a>), sulfamoxole/trimethoprim (<code>SLT5</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EE04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EE04</a>), sulfanilamide (<code>SLF9</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB06</a>), sulfaperin (<code>SLF10</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED06</a>), sulfaphenazole (<code>SLF11</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01ED08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01ED08</a>), sulfapyridine (<code>SLF12</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB04</a>), sulfathiazole (<code>SUT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB07</a>), sulfathiourea (<code>SLF13</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EB08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EB08</a>), sultamicillin (<code>SLT6</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CR04&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CR04</a>), talampicillin (<code>TAL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA15&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA15</a>), tazobactam (<code>TAZ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CG02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CG02</a>), tebipenem (<code>TBP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01DH06&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01DH06</a>), tedizolid (<code>TZD</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XX11&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XX11</a>), teicoplanin (<code>TEC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XA02&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XA02</a>), telavancin (<code>TLV</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XA03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XA03</a>), telithromycin (<code>TLT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA15&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA15</a>), temafloxacin (<code>TMX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA05</a>), temocillin (<code>TEM</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA17&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA17</a>), tetracycline (<code>TCY</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01AA07&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01AA07</a>), ticarcillin (<code>TIC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CA13&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CA13</a>), ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (<code>TCC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01CR03&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01CR03</a>), tigecycline (<code>TGC</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01AA12&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01AA12</a>), tilbroquinol (<code>TBQ</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=P01AA05&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">P01AA05</a>), tildipirosin (<code>TIP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FA96&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FA96</a>), tilmicosin (<code>TIL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FA91&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FA91</a>), tobramycin (<code>TOB</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01GB01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01GB01</a>), tosufloxacin (<code>TFX</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA22&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA22</a>), trimethoprim (<code>TMP</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EA01</a>), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (<code>SXT</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01EE01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01EE01</a>), troleandomycin (<code>TRL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01FA08&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01FA08</a>), trovafloxacin (<code>TVA</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01MA13&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01MA13</a>), tulathromycin (<code>TUL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FA94&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FA94</a>), tylosin (<code>TYL</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FA90&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FA90</a>), tylvalosin (<code>TYL1</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atcvet/atcvet_index/?code=QJ01FA92&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">QJ01FA92</a>), vancomycin (<code>VAN</code>, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index//?code=J01XA01&amp;showdescription=no" class="external-link">J01XA01</a>)</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="reference-data-publicly-available">Reference Data Publicly Available<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#reference-data-publicly-available"></a></h2>
<p>All data sets in this <code>AMR</code> package (about microorganisms, antibiotics, SIR interpretation, EUCAST rules, etc.) are publicly and freely available for download in the following formats: R, MS Excel, Apache Feather, Apache Parquet, SPSS, SAS, and Stata. We also provide tab-separated plain text files that are machine-readable and suitable for input in any software program, such as laboratory information systems. Please visit <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/datasets.html">our website for the download links</a>. The actual files are of course available on <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/tree/main/data-raw" class="external-link">our GitHub repository</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># \donttest{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">a</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"Staphylococcus aureus"</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"Enterococcus faecalis"</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"Klebsiella pneumoniae"</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"Pseudomonas aeruginosa"</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> VAN <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"-"</span>, <span class="co"># Vancomycin</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> AMX <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"-"</span>, <span class="co"># Amoxicillin</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> COL <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"-"</span>, <span class="co"># Colistin</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> CAZ <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"-"</span>, <span class="co"># Ceftazidime</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> CXM <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"-"</span>, <span class="co"># Cefuroxime</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> PEN <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"S"</span>, <span class="co"># Benzylpenicillin</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> FOX <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"S"</span>, <span class="co"># Cefoxitin</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> stringsAsFactors <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html" class="external-link">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mo VAN AMX COL CAZ CXM PEN FOX</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 Staphylococcus aureus - - - - - S S</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 Enterococcus faecalis - - - - - S S</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3 Escherichia coli - - - - - S S</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae - - - - - S S</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa - - - - - S S</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># apply EUCAST rules: some results wil be changed</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">b</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">eucast_rules</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>in eucast_rules(): not all columns with antimicrobial results are of</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> class 'sir'. Transform them on beforehand, with e.g.:</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> - a %&gt;% as.sir(CXM:AMX)</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> - a %&gt;% mutate_if(is_sir_eligible, as.sir)</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> - a %&gt;% mutate(across(where(is_sir_eligible), as.sir))</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html" class="external-link">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">b</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mo VAN AMX COL CAZ CXM PEN FOX</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 Staphylococcus aureus - S R S S S S</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 Enterococcus faecalis - - R R R S R</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3 Escherichia coli R - - - - R S</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae R R - - - R S</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa R R - - R R R</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># do not apply EUCAST rules, but rather get a data.frame</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># containing all details about the transformations:</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">c</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">eucast_rules</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span>, verbose <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="warning">Warning: </span>in eucast_rules(): not all columns with antimicrobial results are of</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> class 'sir'. Transform them on beforehand, with e.g.:</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> - a %&gt;% as.sir(CXM:AMX)</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> - a %&gt;% mutate_if(is_sir_eligible, as.sir)</span>
<span class="r-wrn co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> - a %&gt;% mutate(across(where(is_sir_eligible), as.sir))</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html" class="external-link">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">c</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> row col mo_fullname old new rule rule_group</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 1 AMX Staphylococcus aureus - S Breakpoints</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 1 CXM Staphylococcus aureus - S Breakpoints</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3 1 CAZ Staphylococcus aureus R S Expert Rules</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4 1 CAZ Staphylococcus aureus - R Expert Rules</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 5 1 COL Staphylococcus aureus - R Expert Rules</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 6 2 CAZ Enterococcus faecalis - R Expert Rules</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> rule_name</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 Staphylococcus</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 Staphylococcus</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3 Expert Rules on Staphylococcus</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4 Table 4: Intrinsic resistance in gram-positive bacteria</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 5 Table 4: Intrinsic resistance in gram-positive bacteria</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 6 Table 4: Intrinsic resistance in gram-positive bacteria</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> rule_source</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 'EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Tables' v12.0, 2022</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 'EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Tables' v12.0, 2022</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3 'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3, 2021</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4 'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3, 2021</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 5 'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3, 2021</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 6 'EUCAST Expert Rules' and 'EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes' v3.3, 2021</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># Dosage guidelines:</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">eucast_dosage</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"tobra"</span>, <span class="st">"genta"</span>, <span class="st">"cipro"</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="st">"iv"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Dosages for antimicrobial drugs, as meant for 'EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Tables' v12.0 (2022). This note will be shown once per session.</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 3 × 4</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ab name standard_dosage high_dosage </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;ab&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">1</span> TOB Tobramycin 6-7 mg/kg x 1 iv <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">2</span> GEN Gentamicin 6-7 mg/kg x 1 iv <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">3</span> CIP Ciprofloxacin 0.4 g x 2 iv 0.4 g x 3 iv</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">eucast_dosage</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"tobra"</span>, <span class="st">"genta"</span>, <span class="st">"cipro"</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="st">"iv"</span>, version_breakpoints <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Dosages for antimicrobial drugs, as meant for 'EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Tables' v10.0 (2020). This note will be shown once per session.</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 3 × 4</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ab name standard_dosage high_dosage </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;ab&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">1</span> TOB Tobramycin 6-7 mg/kg x 1 iv <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">2</span> GEN Gentamicin 6-7 mg/kg x 1 iv <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">3</span> CIP Ciprofloxacin 0.4 g x 2 iv 0.4 g x 3 iv</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</main><aside class="col-md-3"><nav id="toc"><h2>On this page</h2>
</nav></aside></div>
<footer><div class="pkgdown-footer-left">
<p><code>AMR</code> (for R). Free and open-source, licenced under the <a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/main/LICENSE" class="external-link">GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GPL-2)</a>.<br>Developed at the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link">University of Groningen</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a> in The Netherlands.</p>
</div>
<div class="pkgdown-footer-right">
<p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link"><img src="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/pkgdown/logos/logo_rug.svg" style="max-width: 150px;"></a><a target="_blank" href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link"><img src="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/pkgdown/logos/logo_umcg.svg" style="max-width: 150px;"></a></p>
</div>
</footer></div>
</body></html>