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This can be used to determine clinical episodes for any epidemiological analysis. The get_episode() function returns the index number of the episode per group, while the is_new_episode() function returns TRUE for every new get_episode() index. Both absolute and relative episode determination are supported."><meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.svg"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@msberends"><!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
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<img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Determine Clinical or Epidemic Episodes</h1>
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<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/R/get_episode.R" class="external-link"><code>R/get_episode.R</code></a></small>
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<div class="d-none name"><code>get_episode.Rd</code></div>
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<div class="ref-description section level2">
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<p>These functions determine which items in a vector can be considered (the start of) a new episode. This can be used to determine clinical episodes for any epidemiological analysis. The <code>get_episode()</code> function returns the index number of the episode per group, while the <code>is_new_episode()</code> function returns <code>TRUE</code> for every new <code>get_episode()</code> index. Both absolute and relative episode determination are supported.</p>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, case_free_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
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<span></span>
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<span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, case_free_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">NULL</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
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<dl><dt>x</dt>
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<dd><p>vector of dates (class <code>Date</code> or <code>POSIXt</code>), will be sorted internally to determine episodes</p></dd>
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<dt>episode_days</dt>
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<dd><p>episode length in days to specify the time period after which a new episode begins, can also be less than a day or <code>Inf</code>, see <em>Details</em></p></dd>
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<dt>case_free_days</dt>
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<dd><p>(inter-epidemic) interval length in days after which a new episode will start, can also be less than a day or <code>Inf</code>, see <em>Details</em></p></dd>
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<dt>...</dt>
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<dd><p>ignored, only in place to allow future extensions</p></dd>
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</dl></div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="value">Value<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#value"></a></h2>
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<ul><li><p><code>get_episode()</code>: an <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/integer.html" class="external-link">integer</a> vector</p></li>
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<li><p><code>is_new_episode()</code>: a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> vector</p></li>
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</ul></div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
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<p>Episodes can be determined in two ways: absolute and relative.</p><ol><li><p>Absolute</p>
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<p>This method uses <code>episode_days</code> to define an episode length in days, after which a new episode will start. A common use case in AMR data analysis is microbial epidemiology: episodes of <em>S. aureus</em> bacteraemia in ICU patients for example. The episode length could then be 30 days, so that new <em>S. aureus</em> isolates after an ICU episode of 30 days will be considered a different (or new) episode.</p>
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<p>Thus, this method counts <strong>since the start of the previous episode</strong>.</p></li>
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<li><p>Relative</p>
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<p>This method uses <code>case_free_days</code> to quantify the duration of case-free days (the inter-epidemic interval), after which a new episode will start. A common use case is infectious disease epidemiology: episodes of norovirus outbreaks in a hospital for example. The case-free period could then be 14 days, so that new norovirus cases after that time will be considered a different (or new) episode.</p>
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<p>Thus, this methods counts <strong>since the last case in the previous episode</strong>.</p></li>
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</ol><p>In a table:</p><table class="table table"><tr><td>Date</td><td>Using <code>episode_days = 7</code></td><td>Using <code>case_free_days = 7</code></td></tr><tr><td>2023-01-01</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>2023-01-02</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>2023-01-05</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>2023-01-08</td><td>2**</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>2023-02-21</td><td>3</td><td>2***</td></tr><tr><td>2023-02-22</td><td>3</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>2023-02-23</td><td>3</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>2023-02-24</td><td>3</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td>2023-03-01</td><td>4</td><td>2</td></tr></table><p>** This marks the start of a new episode, because 8 January 2023 is more than 7 days since the start of the previous episode (1 January 2023). <br>
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*** This marks the start of a new episode, because 21 January 2023 is more than 7 days since the last case in the previous episode (8 January 2023).</p>
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<p>Either <code>episode_days</code> or <code>case_free_days</code> must be provided in the function.</p><div class="section">
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<h3 id="difference-between-get-episode-and-is-new-episode-">Difference between <code>get_episode()</code> and <code>is_new_episode()</code><a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#difference-between-get-episode-and-is-new-episode-"></a></h3>
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<p>The <code>get_episode()</code> function returns the index number of the episode, so all cases/patients/isolates in the first episode will have the number 1, all cases/patients/isolates in the second episode will have the number 2, etc.</p>
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<p>The <code>is_new_episode()</code> function on the other hand, returns <code>TRUE</code> for every new <code>get_episode()</code> index.</p>
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<p>To specify, when setting <code>episode_days = 365</code> (using method 1 as explained above), this is how the two functions differ:</p><table class="table table"><tr><td>patient</td><td>date</td><td><code>get_episode()</code></td><td><code>is_new_episode()</code></td></tr><tr><td>A</td><td>2019-01-01</td><td>1</td><td>TRUE</td></tr><tr><td>A</td><td>2019-03-01</td><td>1</td><td>FALSE</td></tr><tr><td>A</td><td>2021-01-01</td><td>2</td><td>TRUE</td></tr><tr><td>B</td><td>2008-01-01</td><td>1</td><td>TRUE</td></tr><tr><td>B</td><td>2008-01-01</td><td>1</td><td>FALSE</td></tr><tr><td>C</td><td>2020-01-01</td><td>1</td><td>TRUE</td></tr></table></div>
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<div class="section">
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<h3 id="other">Other<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#other"></a></h3>
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<p>The <code><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code> function is a wrapper around the <code>is_new_episode()</code> function, but is more efficient for data sets containing microorganism codes or names and allows for different isolate selection methods.</p>
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<p>The <code>dplyr</code> package is not required for these functions to work, but these episode functions do support <a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">variable grouping</a> and work conveniently inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs such as <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter()</a></code>, <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html" class="external-link">summarise()</a></code>.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="see-also">See also<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#see-also"></a></h2>
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<div class="dont-index"><p><code><a href="first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code></p></div>
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</div>
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<div class="section level2">
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<h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
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<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># difference between absolute and relative determination of episodes:</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">x</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span>dates <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/as.Date.html" class="external-link">as.Date</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-01-01"</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-01-02"</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-01-05"</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-01-08"</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-02-21"</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-02-22"</span>,</span></span>
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<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-02-23"</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-02-24"</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-03-01"</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="st">"2021-03-01"</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">absolute</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">dates</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">7</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">relative</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">dates</span>, case_free_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">7</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">x</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> dates absolute relative</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 1 2021-01-01 1 1</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 2 2021-01-02 1 1</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 3 2021-01-05 1 1</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 4 2021-01-08 2 1</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 5 2021-02-21 3 2</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 6 2021-02-22 3 2</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 7 2021-02-23 3 2</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 8 2021-02-24 3 2</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 9 2021-03-01 4 2</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> 10 2021-03-01 4 2</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># `example_isolates` is a data set available in the AMR package.</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># See ?example_isolates</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sample.html" class="external-link">sample</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/seq.html" class="external-link">seq_len</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">2000</span><span class="op">)</span>, size <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">100</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># indices</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [1] 29 45 31 14 41 39 26 40 18 36 15 39 18 45 32 27 10 2 13 24 43 12 8 5 3</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [26] 12 31 9 16 4 1 26 32 27 21 45 42 17 16 21 8 4 30 1 17 25 34 5 10 1</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [51] 18 44 33 4 6 12 43 2 43 45 37 33 18 38 45 36 46 4 35 40 12 7 11 23 10</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [76] 35 20 4 5 29 27 41 12 30 45 18 46 22 28 39 19 27 45 16 4 21 40 39 39 10</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># TRUE/FALSE</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [1] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [13] FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [25] TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [37] TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [49] FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [61] TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [73] TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [85] FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [97] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># filter on results from the third 60-day episode only, using base R</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/which.html" class="external-link">which</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">df</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="fl">3</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 1 × 46</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> date patient age gender ward mo PEN OXA FLC AMX </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><date></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><dbl></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><mo></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><sir></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><sir></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><sir></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><sir></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">1</span> 2002-12-13 285137 78 F ICU B_ESCHR_COLI R NA NA NA </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># ℹ 36 more variables: AMC <sir>, AMP <sir>, TZP <sir>, CZO <sir>, FEP <sir>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># CXM <sir>, FOX <sir>, CTX <sir>, CAZ <sir>, CRO <sir>, GEN <sir>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># TOB <sir>, AMK <sir>, KAN <sir>, TMP <sir>, SXT <sir>, NIT <sir>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># FOS <sir>, LNZ <sir>, CIP <sir>, MFX <sir>, VAN <sir>, TEC <sir>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># TCY <sir>, TGC <sir>, DOX <sir>, ERY <sir>, CLI <sir>, AZM <sir>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># IPM <sir>, MEM <sir>, MTR <sir>, CHL <sir>, COL <sir>, MUP <sir>, RIF <sir></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># the functions also work for less than a day, e.g. to include one per hour:</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.time.html" class="external-link">Sys.time</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Sys.time.html" class="external-link">Sys.time</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">+</span> <span class="fl">60</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="fl">60</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">1</span> <span class="op">/</span> <span class="fl">24</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [1] 1 2</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># \donttest{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># is_new_episode() can also be used in dplyr verbs to determine patient</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># episodes based on any (combination of) grouping variables:</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>condition <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sample.html" class="external-link">sample</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> x <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"A"</span>, <span class="st">"B"</span>, <span class="st">"C"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> size <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">100</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> replace <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">condition</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>new_episode <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">date</span>, <span class="va">condition</span>, <span class="va">new_episode</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/arrange.html" class="external-link">arrange</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">condition</span>, <span class="va">date</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 100 × 4</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: patient, condition [99]</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> patient date condition new_episode</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><date></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><lgl></span> </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> 036063 2010-01-28 A TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> 077922 2009-08-18 A TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> 080086 2010-08-08 B TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> 0DBF93 2015-10-12 A TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> 105248 2005-06-16 B TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> 114570 2003-04-08 C TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> 119392 2010-11-01 B TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> 161740 2005-06-21 B TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> 174209 2011-10-03 A TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> 210105 2009-06-13 B TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># ℹ 90 more rows</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ward</span>, <span class="va">patient</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/transmute.html" class="external-link">transmute</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">patient</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> new_index <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">get_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> new_logical <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/arrange.html" class="external-link">arrange</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">ward</span>, <span class="va">date</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 100 × 5</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: ward, patient [96]</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ward date patient new_index new_logical</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><date></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><int></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><lgl></span> </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> Clinical 2010-01-28 036063 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> Clinical 2009-08-18 077922 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> Clinical 2010-08-08 080086 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> Clinical 2015-10-12 0DBF93 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> Clinical 2005-06-16 105248 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> ICU 2003-04-08 114570 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> Clinical 2010-11-01 119392 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> Clinical 2005-06-21 161740 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> Outpatient 2011-10-03 174209 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> Clinical 2009-06-13 210105 1 TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># ℹ 90 more rows</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">ward</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html" class="external-link">summarise</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> n_patients <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/n_distinct.html" class="external-link">n_distinct</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> n_episodes_365 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> n_episodes_60 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> n_episodes_30 <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html" class="external-link">sum</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">30</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 3 × 5</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> ward n_patients n_episodes_365 n_episodes_60 n_episodes_30</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><int></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><int></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><int></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><int></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">1</span> Clinical 63 12 35 45</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">2</span> ICU 24 9 17 21</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">3</span> Outpatient 9 7 7 9</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># grouping on patients and microorganisms leads to the same</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># results as first_isolate() when using 'episode-based':</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">x</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> include_unknown <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> method <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"episode-based"</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">y</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">ungroup</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/identical.html" class="external-link">identical</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">y</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> [1] TRUE</span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># but is_new_episode() has a lot more flexibility than first_isolate(),</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># since you can now group on anything that seems relevant:</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">df</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient</span>, <span class="va">mo</span>, <span class="va">ward</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>flag_episode <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">is_new_episode</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, <span class="fl">365</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%>%</a></span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_data.html" class="external-link">group_vars</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">.</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">flag_episode</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 100 × 4</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: patient, mo, ward [96]</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> patient mo ward flag_episode</span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><mo></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><chr></span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;"><lgl></span> </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> 686445 B_STPHY_CONS Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> D39422 B_KLBSL_PNMN Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> 298662 B_ESCHR_COLI Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> 5B78D5 B_STPHY_AURS Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> E52625 B_STRPT_PNMN Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> 645121 B_SERRT_MRCS Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> 807228 B_STRPT_PNMN Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> D41749 B_ESCHR_COLI ICU TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> 210105 B_ENTRC Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> 789292 B_STRPT_SLVR Clinical TRUE </span>
|
||
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#></span> <span style="color: #949494;"># ℹ 90 more rows</span></span>
|
||
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># }</span></span></span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</main><aside class="col-md-3"><nav id="toc"><h2>On this page</h2>
|
||
</nav></aside></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<footer><div class="pkgdown-footer-left">
|
||
<p></p><p><code>AMR</code> (for R). Free and open-source, licenced under the <a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/main/LICENSE" class="external-link">GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GPL-2)</a>.<br>Developed at the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link">University of Groningen</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link">University Medical Center Groningen</a> in The Netherlands.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="pkgdown-footer-right">
|
||
<p></p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.rug.nl" class="external-link"><img src="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/pkgdown/logos/logo_rug.svg" style="max-width: 150px;"></a><a target="_blank" href="https://www.umcg.nl" class="external-link"><img src="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/main/pkgdown/logos/logo_umcg.svg" style="max-width: 150px;"></a></p>
|
||
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|
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|
||
</footer></div>
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|
||
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|
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