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Use as.ab() or one of the ab_* functions to retrieve values from the antibiotics data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (ab, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (atc) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (cid) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes. 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<img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Data Sets with 603 Antimicrobial Drugs</h1>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/HEAD/R/data.R" class="external-link"><code>R/data.R</code></a></small>
<div class="d-none name"><code>antibiotics.Rd</code></div>
</div>
<div class="ref-description section level2">
<p>Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use <code><a href="as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code> or one of the <code><a href="ab_property.html">ab_*</a></code> functions to retrieve values from the antibiotics data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (<code>ab</code>, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (<code>atc</code>) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (<code>cid</code>) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes. Note that some drugs have multiple ATC codes.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="va">antibiotics</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="va">antivirals</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="format">Format<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#format"></a></h2>
<div class="section">
<h3 id="for-the-antibiotics-data-set-a-tibble-with-observations-and-variables-">For the antibiotics data set: a <a href="https://tibble.tidyverse.org/reference/tibble.html" class="external-link">tibble</a> with 483 observations and 14 variables:<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#for-the-antibiotics-data-set-a-tibble-with-observations-and-variables-"></a></h3>
<ul><li><p><code>ab</code><br> Antibiotic ID as used in this package (such as <code>AMC</code>), using the official EARS-Net (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network) codes where available. <em>This is a unique identifier.</em></p></li>
<li><p><code>cid</code><br> Compound ID as found in PubChem. <em>This is a unique identifier.</em></p></li>
<li><p><code>name</code><br> Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO. <em>This is a unique identifier.</em></p></li>
<li><p><code>group</code><br> A short and concise group name, based on WHONET and WHOCC definitions</p></li>
<li><p><code>atc</code><br> ATC codes (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>J01CR02</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>atc_group1</code><br> Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>"Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins"</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>atc_group2</code><br> Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like <code>"Macrolides"</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>abbr</code><br> List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)</p></li>
<li><p><code>synonyms</code><br> Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment, currently available for 179 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_units</code><br> Units of <code>oral_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral (intravenous) treatment, currently available for 153 drugs</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_units</code><br> Units of <code>iv_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>loinc</code><br> All codes associated with the name of the antimicrobial drug from Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC), Version 2.76 (18 September, 2023). Use <code><a href="ab_property.html">ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve them quickly, see <code><a href="ab_property.html">ab_property()</a></code>.</p></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section">
<h3 id="for-the-antivirals-data-set-a-tibble-with-observations-and-variables-">For the antivirals data set: a <a href="https://tibble.tidyverse.org/reference/tibble.html" class="external-link">tibble</a> with 120 observations and 11 variables:<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#for-the-antivirals-data-set-a-tibble-with-observations-and-variables-"></a></h3>
<ul><li><p><code>av</code><br> Antiviral ID as used in this package (such as <code>ACI</code>), using the official EARS-Net (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network) codes where available. <em>This is a unique identifier.</em> Combinations are codes that contain a <code>+</code> to indicate this, such as <code>ATA+COBI</code> for atazanavir/cobicistat.</p></li>
<li><p><code>name</code><br> Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO. <em>This is a unique identifier.</em></p></li>
<li><p><code>atc</code><br> ATC codes (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC</p></li>
<li><p><code>cid</code><br> Compound ID as found in PubChem. <em>This is a unique identifier.</em></p></li>
<li><p><code>atc_group</code><br> Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC</p></li>
<li><p><code>synonyms</code><br> Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_ddd</code><br> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>oral_units</code><br> Units of <code>oral_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_ddd</code><br> Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment</p></li>
<li><p><code>iv_units</code><br> Units of <code>iv_ddd</code></p></li>
<li><p><code>loinc</code><br> All codes associated with the name of the antiviral drug from Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC), Version 2.76 (18 September, 2023). Use <code><a href="av_property.html">av_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve them quickly, see <code><a href="av_property.html">av_property()</a></code>.</p></li>
</ul></div>
<p>An object of class <code>tbl_df</code> (inherits from <code>tbl</code>, <code>data.frame</code>) with 120 rows and 11 columns.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="source">Source<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#source"></a></h2>
<ul><li><p>World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC): <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index/" class="external-link">https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index/</a></p></li>
<li><p>Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC), Version 2.76 (18 September, 2023). Accessed from <a href="https://loinc.org" class="external-link">https://loinc.org</a> on October 19th, 2023.</p></li>
<li><p>European Commission Public Health PHARMACEUTICALS - COMMUNITY REGISTER: <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/reg_hum_atc.htm" class="external-link">https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/reg_hum_atc.htm</a></p></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
<p>Properties that are based on an ATC code are only available when an ATC is available. These properties are: <code>atc_group1</code>, <code>atc_group2</code>, <code>oral_ddd</code>, <code>oral_units</code>, <code>iv_ddd</code> and <code>iv_units</code>.</p>
<p>Synonyms (i.e. trade names) were derived from the PubChem Compound ID (column <code>cid</code>) and consequently only available where a CID is available.</p><div class="section">
<h3 id="direct-download">Direct download<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#direct-download"></a></h3>
<p>Like all data sets in this package, these data sets are publicly available for download in the following formats: R, MS Excel, Apache Feather, Apache Parquet, SPSS, SAS, and Stata. Please visit <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/datasets.html">our website for the download links</a>. The actual files are of course available on <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/tree/main/data-raw" class="external-link">our GitHub repository</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="whocc">WHOCC<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#whocc"></a></h2>
<p>This package contains <strong>all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral drugs</strong> and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no" class="external-link">https://atcddd.fhi.no</a>) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (<a href="https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/reg_hum_atc.htm" class="external-link">https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/reg_hum_atc.htm</a>).</p>
<p>These have become the gold standard for international drug utilisation monitoring and research.</p>
<p>The WHOCC is located in Oslo at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and funded by the Norwegian government. The European Commission is the executive of the European Union and promotes its general interest.</p>
<p><strong>NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package.</strong> See <a href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/copyright_disclaimer/." class="external-link">https://atcddd.fhi.no/copyright_disclaimer/.</a></p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="see-also">See also<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#see-also"></a></h2>
<div class="dont-index"><p><a href="microorganisms.html">microorganisms</a>, <a href="intrinsic_resistant.html">intrinsic_resistant</a></p></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">antibiotics</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 483 × 14</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ab cid name group atc atc_group1 atc_group2 abbreviations synonyms</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;ab&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;dbl&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;lis&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;list&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;named &gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> AMA <span style="text-decoration: underline;">4</span>649 4-ami… Anti… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> Drugs for… Aminosali… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [1]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> ACM 6<span style="text-decoration: underline;">450</span>012 Acety… Macr… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [1]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> ASP 49<span style="text-decoration: underline;">787</span>020 Acety… Macr… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [1]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> ALS <span style="text-decoration: underline;">8</span>954 Aldes… Othe… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> Drugs for… Drugs for… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [1]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> AMK <span style="text-decoration: underline;">37</span>768 Amika… Amin… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> Aminoglyc… Other ami… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [5]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> AKF <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> Amika… Amin… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [1]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> AMX <span style="text-decoration: underline;">33</span>613 Amoxi… Beta… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> Beta-lact… Penicilli… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [3]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> AMC 23<span style="text-decoration: underline;">665</span>637 Amoxi… Beta… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> Beta-lact… Combinati… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [5]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> AXS <span style="text-decoration: underline;">465</span>441 Amoxi… Beta… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [1]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> AMB 5<span style="text-decoration: underline;">280</span>965 Ampho… Anti… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> Antimycot… Antibioti… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr [3]&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># 473 more rows</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># 5 more variables: oral_ddd &lt;dbl&gt;, oral_units &lt;chr&gt;, iv_ddd &lt;dbl&gt;,</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># iv_units &lt;chr&gt;, loinc &lt;list&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">antivirals</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 120 × 11</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> av name atc cid atc_group synonyms oral_ddd oral_units iv_ddd</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;av&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;dbl&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;list&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;dbl&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;dbl&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> ABA Abacavir J05A… 4.41<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>5 Nucleosi… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 0.6 g <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> ACI Aciclovir J05A… 1.35<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>8 Nucleosi… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 4 g 4</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> ADD Adefovir… J05A… 6.09<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>4 Nucleosi… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 10 mg <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> AME Amenamev… J05A… 1.14<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>7 Other an… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 0.4 g <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> AMP Amprenav… J05A… 6.50<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>4 Protease… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 1.2 g <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> ASU Asunapre… J05A… 1.61<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>7 Antivira… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 0.2 g <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> ATA Atazanav… J05A… 1.48<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>5 Protease… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 0.3 g <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> ATA+COBI Atazanav… J05A… 8.66<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>7 Antivira… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> ATA+RIT Atazanav… J05A… 2.51<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>7 Antivira… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 0.3 g <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> BAM Baloxavi… J05A… 1.24<span style="color: #949494;">e</span>8 Other an… <span style="color: #949494;">&lt;chr&gt;</span> 40 mg <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># 110 more rows</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># 2 more variables: iv_units &lt;chr&gt;, loinc &lt;list&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre></div>
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