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<img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Calculate the Mean AMR Distance</h1>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/main/R/mean_amr_distance.R" class="external-link"><code>R/mean_amr_distance.R</code></a></small>
<div class="d-none name"><code>mean_amr_distance.Rd</code></div>
</div>
<div class="ref-description section level2">
<p>Calculates a normalised mean for antimicrobial resistance between multiple observations, to help to identify similar isolates without comparing antibiograms by hand.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="co"># S3 method for class 'sir'</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span>, combine_SI <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="co"># S3 method for class 'data.frame'</span></span>
<span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, <span class="va">...</span>, combine_SI <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">amr_distance_from_row</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span>, <span class="va">row</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
<dl><dt id="arg-x">x<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-x"></a></dt>
<dd><p>a vector of class <a href="as.sir.html">sir</a>, <a href="as.mic.html">mic</a> or <a href="as.disk.html">disk</a>, or a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> containing columns of any of these classes</p></dd>
<dt id="arg--">...<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg--"></a></dt>
<dd><p>variables to select (supports <a href="https://tidyselect.r-lib.org/reference/language.html" class="external-link">tidyselect language</a> such as <code>column1:column4</code> and <code>where(is.mic)</code>, and can thus also be <a href="antibiotic_class_selectors.html">antibiotic selectors</a></p></dd>
<dt id="arg-combine-si">combine_SI<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-combine-si"></a></dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate whether all values of S, SDD, and I must be merged into one, so the input only consists of S+I vs. R (susceptible vs. resistant) - the default is <code>TRUE</code></p></dd>
<dt id="arg-amr-distance">amr_distance<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-amr-distance"></a></dt>
<dd><p>the outcome of <code>mean_amr_distance()</code></p></dd>
<dt id="arg-row">row<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-row"></a></dt>
<dd><p>an index, such as a row number</p></dd>
</dl></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
<p>The mean AMR distance is effectively <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_score" class="external-link">the Z-score</a>; a normalised numeric value to compare AMR test results which can help to identify similar isolates, without comparing antibiograms by hand.</p>
<p>MIC values (see <code><a href="as.mic.html">as.mic()</a></code>) are transformed with <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Log.html" class="external-link">log2()</a></code> first; their distance is thus calculated as <code>(log2(x) - mean(log2(x))) / sd(log2(x))</code>.</p>
<p>SIR values (see <code><a href="as.sir.html">as.sir()</a></code>) are transformed using <code>"S"</code> = 1, <code>"I"</code> = 2, and <code>"R"</code> = 3. If <code>combine_SI</code> is <code>TRUE</code> (default), the <code>"I"</code> will be considered to be 1.</p>
<p>For data sets, the mean AMR distance will be calculated per column, after which the mean per row will be returned, see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
<p>Use <code>amr_distance_from_row()</code> to subtract distances from the distance of one row, see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="interpretation">Interpretation<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#interpretation"></a></h2>
<p>Isolates with distances less than 0.01 difference from each other should be considered similar. Differences lower than 0.025 should be considered suspicious.</p>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
<div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">sir</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_sir</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">sir</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Class 'sir'</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] I I S I I S S S R R</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">sir</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] -0.4743416 -0.4743416 -0.4743416 -0.4743416 -0.4743416 -0.4743416</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [7] -0.4743416 -0.4743416 1.8973666 1.8973666</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">mic</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">mic</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Class 'mic'</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] 0.001 256 0.25 0.5 32 0.002 8 0.125 0.002 0.125</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mic</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] -1.2863106 1.6478483 0.0146555 0.1779748 1.1578905 -1.1229914</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [7] 0.8312519 -0.1486638 -1.1229914 -0.1486638</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># equal to the Z-score of their log2:</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Log.html" class="external-link">log2</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mic</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/mean.html" class="external-link">mean</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Log.html" class="external-link">log2</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mic</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">/</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/sd.html" class="external-link">sd</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Log.html" class="external-link">log2</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mic</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] -1.2863106 1.6478483 0.0146555 0.1779748 1.1578905 -1.1229914</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [7] 0.8312519 -0.1486638 -1.1229914 -0.1486638</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">disk</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_disk</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">disk</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Class 'disk'</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] 41 29 40 12 16 7 45 46 22 9</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">disk</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] 0.9256143 0.1488750 0.8608860 -0.9515056 -0.6925925 -1.2751469</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [7] 1.1845274 1.2492556 -0.3042229 -1.1456904</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> id <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">LETTERS</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">10</span><span class="op">]</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> amox <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_sir</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"amox"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> cipr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_disk</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"cipr"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> gent <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"gent"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> tobr <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">10</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"tobr"</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> id amox cipr gent tobr</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 A R 29 &lt;=1 4</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 B I 30 4 &lt;=2</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3 C I 26 16 16</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4 D I 18 2 8</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 5 E S 29 4 4</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 6 F R 31 16 &lt;=2</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 7 G S 31 &lt;=1 16</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 8 H R 21 16 16</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 9 I I 31 16 16</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 10 J S 21 &lt;=1 4</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Calculating mean AMR distance based on columns "amox", "cipr", "gent",</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> and "tobr"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [1] 0.04629994 -0.34117383 0.33391321 -0.69063550 -0.19222473 0.50618460</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> [7] 0.02978803 0.59753857 0.58783703 -0.87752733</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">y</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://tidyselect.r-lib.org/reference/where.html" class="external-link">where</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">is.mic</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-err co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="error">Error in .subset(x, j):</span> invalid subscript type 'list'</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/order.html" class="external-link">order</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="op">]</span></span></span>
<span class="r-err co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span class="error">Error in order(y$amr_distance):</span> argument 1 is not a vector</span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">y</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> amr_distance <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">y</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> check_id_C <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">amr_distance_from_row</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">amr_distance</span>, <span class="va">id</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"C"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/arrange.html" class="external-link">arrange</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">check_id_C</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Calculating mean AMR distance based on columns "amox", "cipr", "gent",</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> and "tobr"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> id amox cipr gent tobr amr_distance check_id_C</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 1 C I 26 16 16 0.33391321 0.0000000</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 2 F R 31 16 &lt;=2 0.50618460 0.1722714</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 3 I I 31 16 16 0.58783703 0.2539238</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 4 H R 21 16 16 0.59753857 0.2636254</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 5 A R 29 &lt;=1 4 0.04629994 0.2876133</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 6 G S 31 &lt;=1 16 0.02978803 0.3041252</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 7 E S 29 4 4 -0.19222473 0.5261379</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 8 B I 30 4 &lt;=2 -0.34117383 0.6750870</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 9 D I 18 2 8 -0.69063550 1.0245487</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> 10 J S 21 &lt;=1 4 -0.87752733 1.2114405</span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">require</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">"dplyr"</a></span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># support for groups</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Enterococcus"</span> <span class="op">&amp;</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mo_property.html">mo_species</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">!=</span> <span class="st">""</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html" class="external-link">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span>, <span class="va">TCY</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="antibiotic_class_selectors.html">carbapenems</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html" class="external-link">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>dist <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">mean_amr_distance</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">.</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op"><a href="https://magrittr.tidyverse.org/reference/pipe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/arrange.html" class="external-link">arrange</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span>, <span class="va">dist</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="op">}</span></span></span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for mo_genus()</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Using column 'mo' as input for mo_species()</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ For carbapenems() using columns 'IPM' (imipenem) and 'MEM' (meropenem)</span>
<span class="r-msg co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ℹ Calculating mean AMR distance based on columns "TCY", "IPM", and "MEM"</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># A tibble: 63 × 5</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># Groups: mo [4]</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> mo TCY IPM MEM dist</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;mo&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;sir&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;sir&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;sir&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494; font-style: italic;">&lt;dbl&gt;</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 1</span> B_ENTRC_AVIM S S NA 0 </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 2</span> B_ENTRC_AVIM S S NA 0 </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 3</span> B_ENTRC_CSSL NA S NA <span style="color: #BB0000;">NA</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 4</span> B_ENTRC_FACM S S NA -<span style="color: #BB0000;">2.66</span> </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 5</span> B_ENTRC_FACM S R R -<span style="color: #BB0000;">0.423</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 6</span> B_ENTRC_FACM S R R -<span style="color: #BB0000;">0.423</span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 7</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 8</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;"> 9</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #BCBCBC;">10</span> B_ENTRC_FACM NA R R 0.224</span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> <span style="color: #949494;"># ℹ 53 more rows</span></span>
</code></pre></div>
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