929 lines
50 KiB
HTML
929 lines
50 KiB
HTML
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
|
|
<html lang="en">
|
||
|
|
<head>
|
||
|
|
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||
|
|
<!--[if IE]><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><![endif]-->
|
||
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||
|
|
<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 1.5.8">
|
||
|
|
<title>git-pack-objects(1)</title>
|
||
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700">
|
||
|
|
<style>
|
||
|
|
/* Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | http://asciidoctor.org */
|
||
|
|
/* Uncomment @import statement below to use as custom stylesheet */
|
||
|
|
/*@import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700";*/
|
||
|
|
article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section,summary{display:block}
|
||
|
|
audio,canvas,video{display:inline-block}
|
||
|
|
audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
|
||
|
|
script{display:none!important}
|
||
|
|
html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
|
||
|
|
a{background:transparent}
|
||
|
|
a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
|
||
|
|
a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
|
||
|
|
h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
|
||
|
|
abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
|
||
|
|
b,strong{font-weight:bold}
|
||
|
|
dfn{font-style:italic}
|
||
|
|
hr{-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;height:0}
|
||
|
|
mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
|
||
|
|
code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
|
||
|
|
pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
|
||
|
|
q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
|
||
|
|
small{font-size:80%}
|
||
|
|
sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
|
||
|
|
sup{top:-.5em}
|
||
|
|
sub{bottom:-.25em}
|
||
|
|
img{border:0}
|
||
|
|
svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
|
||
|
|
figure{margin:0}
|
||
|
|
fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
|
||
|
|
legend{border:0;padding:0}
|
||
|
|
button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
|
||
|
|
button,input{line-height:normal}
|
||
|
|
button,select{text-transform:none}
|
||
|
|
button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
|
||
|
|
button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
|
||
|
|
input[type="checkbox"],input[type="radio"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}
|
||
|
|
button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
|
||
|
|
textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
|
||
|
|
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
|
||
|
|
*,*::before,*::after{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}
|
||
|
|
html,body{font-size:100%}
|
||
|
|
body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;tab-size:4;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
|
||
|
|
a:hover{cursor:pointer}
|
||
|
|
img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
|
||
|
|
object,embed{height:100%}
|
||
|
|
img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
|
||
|
|
.left{float:left!important}
|
||
|
|
.right{float:right!important}
|
||
|
|
.text-left{text-align:left!important}
|
||
|
|
.text-right{text-align:right!important}
|
||
|
|
.text-center{text-align:center!important}
|
||
|
|
.text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
|
||
|
|
.hide{display:none}
|
||
|
|
img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
|
||
|
|
textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
|
||
|
|
select{width:100%}
|
||
|
|
.center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
|
||
|
|
.stretch{width:100%}
|
||
|
|
.subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
|
||
|
|
div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0;direction:ltr}
|
||
|
|
a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
|
||
|
|
a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
|
||
|
|
a img{border:none}
|
||
|
|
p{font-family:inherit;font-weight:400;font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
|
||
|
|
p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
|
||
|
|
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
|
||
|
|
h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
|
||
|
|
h1{font-size:2.125em}
|
||
|
|
h2{font-size:1.6875em}
|
||
|
|
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
|
||
|
|
h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
|
||
|
|
h6{font-size:1em}
|
||
|
|
hr{border:solid #dddddf;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em;height:0}
|
||
|
|
em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
|
||
|
|
strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
|
||
|
|
small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
|
||
|
|
code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
|
||
|
|
ul,ol,dl{font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
|
||
|
|
ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
|
||
|
|
ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1em}
|
||
|
|
ul.square li ul,ul.circle li ul,ul.disc li ul{list-style:inherit}
|
||
|
|
ul.square{list-style-type:square}
|
||
|
|
ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
|
||
|
|
ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
|
||
|
|
ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
|
||
|
|
dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
abbr,acronym{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:90%;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-bottom:1px dotted #ddd;cursor:help}
|
||
|
|
abbr{text-transform:none}
|
||
|
|
blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
|
||
|
|
blockquote cite{display:block;font-size:.9375em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
|
||
|
|
blockquote cite::before{content:"\2014 \0020"}
|
||
|
|
blockquote cite a,blockquote cite a:visited{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
|
||
|
|
blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
|
||
|
|
@media screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
|
||
|
|
h1{font-size:2.75em}
|
||
|
|
h2{font-size:2.3125em}
|
||
|
|
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
|
||
|
|
h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
|
||
|
|
table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:solid 1px #dedede}
|
||
|
|
table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7}
|
||
|
|
table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
|
||
|
|
table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
|
||
|
|
table tr.even,table tr.alt,table tr:nth-of-type(even){background:#f8f8f7}
|
||
|
|
table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6}
|
||
|
|
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
|
||
|
|
h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
|
||
|
|
.clearfix::before,.clearfix::after,.float-group::before,.float-group::after{content:" ";display:table}
|
||
|
|
.clearfix::after,.float-group::after{clear:both}
|
||
|
|
*:not(pre)>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background-color:#f7f7f8;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed;word-wrap:break-word}
|
||
|
|
*:not(pre)>code.nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
|
||
|
|
*:not(pre)>code.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
|
||
|
|
pre,pre>code{line-height:1.45;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
|
||
|
|
em em{font-style:normal}
|
||
|
|
strong strong{font-weight:400}
|
||
|
|
.keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
|
||
|
|
kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background-color:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em white inset;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em #fff inset;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
|
||
|
|
.keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
|
||
|
|
.keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
|
||
|
|
.menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
|
||
|
|
.menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
|
||
|
|
.menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
|
||
|
|
.menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
|
||
|
|
.menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
|
||
|
|
b.button::before,b.button::after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
|
||
|
|
b.button::before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
|
||
|
|
b.button::after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
|
||
|
|
p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
|
||
|
|
#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
|
||
|
|
#header::before,#header::after,#content::before,#content::after,#footnotes::before,#footnotes::after,#footer::before,#footer::after{content:" ";display:table}
|
||
|
|
#header::after,#content::after,#footnotes::after,#footer::after{clear:both}
|
||
|
|
#content{margin-top:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
#content::before{content:none}
|
||
|
|
#header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
#header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #dddddf}
|
||
|
|
#header>h1:only-child,body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
|
||
|
|
#header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}
|
||
|
|
#header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
|
||
|
|
#header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
|
||
|
|
#header .details br{display:none}
|
||
|
|
#header .details br+span::before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
|
||
|
|
#header .details br+span.author::before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
|
||
|
|
#header .details br+span#revremark::before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
|
||
|
|
#header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
|
||
|
|
#header #revnumber::after{content:"\00a0"}
|
||
|
|
#content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
|
||
|
|
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e9;padding-bottom:.5em}
|
||
|
|
#toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
|
||
|
|
#toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
|
||
|
|
#toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
|
||
|
|
#toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
|
||
|
|
#toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
|
||
|
|
#toc a{text-decoration:none}
|
||
|
|
#toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
|
||
|
|
#toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
|
||
|
|
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
|
||
|
|
body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background-color:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #e7e7e9;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
|
||
|
|
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
|
||
|
|
body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #e7e7e9;left:auto;right:0}}
|
||
|
|
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2{width:20em}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
|
||
|
|
#toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
|
||
|
|
#content #toc{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
|
||
|
|
#content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
|
||
|
|
#content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
#footer{max-width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
#footer-text{color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);line-height:1.44}
|
||
|
|
#content{margin-bottom:.625em}
|
||
|
|
.sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
|
||
|
|
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#content{margin-bottom:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
.sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
|
||
|
|
.sect1:last-child{padding-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #e7e7e9}
|
||
|
|
#content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
|
||
|
|
#content h1>a.anchor::before,h2>a.anchor::before,h3>a.anchor::before,#toctitle>a.anchor::before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor::before,h4>a.anchor::before,h5>a.anchor::before,h6>a.anchor::before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
|
||
|
|
#content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
|
||
|
|
#content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
|
||
|
|
#content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
|
||
|
|
.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
|
||
|
|
table.tableblock.fit-content>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;width:0}
|
||
|
|
.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
|
||
|
|
table.tableblock #preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:inherit}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:none}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #dddddf;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.exampleblock>.content{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
|
||
|
|
.exampleblock>.content>:first-child{margin-top:0}
|
||
|
|
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.sidebarblock{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
|
||
|
|
.sidebarblock>:first-child{margin-top:0}
|
||
|
|
.sidebarblock>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.sidebarblock>.content>.title{color:#7a2518;margin-top:0;text-align:center}
|
||
|
|
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.literalblock pre,.listingblock pre:not(.highlight),.listingblock pre[class="highlight"],.listingblock pre[class^="highlight "],.listingblock pre.CodeRay,.listingblock pre.prettyprint{background:#f7f7f8}
|
||
|
|
.sidebarblock .literalblock pre,.sidebarblock .listingblock pre:not(.highlight),.sidebarblock .listingblock pre[class="highlight"],.sidebarblock .listingblock pre[class^="highlight "],.sidebarblock .listingblock pre.CodeRay,.sidebarblock .listingblock pre.prettyprint{background:#f2f1f1}
|
||
|
|
.literalblock pre,.literalblock pre[class],.listingblock pre,.listingblock pre[class]{-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-x:auto;padding:1em;font-size:.8125em}
|
||
|
|
@media screen and (min-width:768px){.literalblock pre,.literalblock pre[class],.listingblock pre,.listingblock pre[class]{font-size:.90625em}}
|
||
|
|
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){.literalblock pre,.literalblock pre[class],.listingblock pre,.listingblock pre[class]{font-size:1em}}
|
||
|
|
.literalblock pre.nowrap,.literalblock pre.nowrap pre,.listingblock pre.nowrap,.listingblock pre.nowrap pre{white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal}
|
||
|
|
.literalblock.output pre{color:#f7f7f8;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock pre.highlightjs{padding:0}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock pre.highlightjs>code{padding:1em;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock pre.prettyprint{border-width:0}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock>.content{position:relative}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:none;content:attr(data-lang);position:absolute;font-size:.75em;top:.425rem;right:.5rem;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;color:#999}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock:hover code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock.terminal pre .command::before{content:attr(data-prompt);padding-right:.5em;color:#999}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock.terminal pre .command:not([data-prompt])::before{content:"$"}
|
||
|
|
table.pyhltable{border-collapse:separate;border:0;margin-bottom:0;background:none}
|
||
|
|
table.pyhltable td{vertical-align:top;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;line-height:1.45}
|
||
|
|
table.pyhltable td.code{padding-left:.75em;padding-right:0}
|
||
|
|
pre.pygments .lineno,table.pyhltable td:not(.code){color:#999;padding-left:0;padding-right:.5em;border-right:1px solid #dddddf}
|
||
|
|
pre.pygments .lineno{display:inline-block;margin-right:.25em}
|
||
|
|
table.pyhltable .linenodiv{background:none!important;padding-right:0!important}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em 1.5em;display:table}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock>.title{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-bottom:.75em}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.75;word-spacing:.1em;letter-spacing:0;font-style:italic;text-align:justify}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock blockquote::before{content:"\201c";float:left;font-size:2.75em;font-weight:bold;line-height:.6em;margin-left:-.6em;color:#7a2518;text-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock blockquote>.paragraph:last-child p{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock .attribution{margin-top:.75em;margin-right:.5ex;text-align:right}
|
||
|
|
.verseblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em}
|
||
|
|
.verseblock pre{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans;font-size:1.15rem;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-weight:300;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
|
||
|
|
.verseblock pre strong{font-weight:400}
|
||
|
|
.verseblock .attribution{margin-top:1.25rem;margin-left:.5ex}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock .attribution,.verseblock .attribution{font-size:.9375em;line-height:1.45;font-style:italic}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock .attribution br,.verseblock .attribution br{display:none}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock .attribution cite,.verseblock .attribution cite{display:block;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote::before,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote::before,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote::before{display:none}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote,.quoteblock.abstract p,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{line-height:1.6;word-spacing:0}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock.abstract{margin:0 1em 1.25em;display:block}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock.abstract>.title{margin:0 0 .375em;font-size:1.15em;text-align:center}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock.excerpt,.quoteblock .quoteblock{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:0 0 .25em 1em;border-left:.25em solid #dddddf}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{color:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem}
|
||
|
|
.quoteblock.excerpt .attribution,.quoteblock .quoteblock .attribution{color:inherit;text-align:left;margin-right:0}
|
||
|
|
table.tableblock{max-width:100%;border-collapse:separate}
|
||
|
|
p.tableblock:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
td.tableblock>.content{margin-bottom:-1.25em}
|
||
|
|
table.tableblock,th.tableblock,td.tableblock{border:0 solid #dedede}
|
||
|
|
table.grid-all>thead>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-all>tbody>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 1px 1px 0}
|
||
|
|
table.grid-all>tfoot>tr>.tableblock{border-width:1px 1px 0 0}
|
||
|
|
table.grid-cols>*>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 1px 0 0}
|
||
|
|
table.grid-rows>thead>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>tbody>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 0 1px}
|
||
|
|
table.grid-rows>tfoot>tr>.tableblock{border-width:1px 0 0}
|
||
|
|
table.grid-all>*>tr>.tableblock:last-child,table.grid-cols>*>tr>.tableblock:last-child{border-right-width:0}
|
||
|
|
table.grid-all>tbody>tr:last-child>.tableblock,table.grid-all>thead:last-child>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>tbody>tr:last-child>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>thead:last-child>tr>.tableblock{border-bottom-width:0}
|
||
|
|
table.frame-all{border-width:1px}
|
||
|
|
table.frame-sides{border-width:0 1px}
|
||
|
|
table.frame-topbot,table.frame-ends{border-width:1px 0}
|
||
|
|
table.stripes-all tr,table.stripes-odd tr:nth-of-type(odd){background:#f8f8f7}
|
||
|
|
table.stripes-none tr,table.stripes-odd tr:nth-of-type(even){background:none}
|
||
|
|
th.halign-left,td.halign-left{text-align:left}
|
||
|
|
th.halign-right,td.halign-right{text-align:right}
|
||
|
|
th.halign-center,td.halign-center{text-align:center}
|
||
|
|
th.valign-top,td.valign-top{vertical-align:top}
|
||
|
|
th.valign-bottom,td.valign-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}
|
||
|
|
th.valign-middle,td.valign-middle{vertical-align:middle}
|
||
|
|
table thead th,table tfoot th{font-weight:bold}
|
||
|
|
tbody tr th{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6;background:#f7f8f7}
|
||
|
|
tbody tr th,tbody tr th p,tfoot tr th,tfoot tr th p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-weight:bold}
|
||
|
|
p.tableblock>code:only-child{background:none;padding:0}
|
||
|
|
p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
|
||
|
|
td>div.verse{white-space:pre}
|
||
|
|
ol{margin-left:1.75em}
|
||
|
|
ul li ol{margin-left:1.5em}
|
||
|
|
dl dd{margin-left:1.125em}
|
||
|
|
dl dd:last-child,dl dd:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
ol>li p,ul>li p,ul dd,ol dd,.olist .olist,.ulist .ulist,.ulist .olist,.olist .ulist{margin-bottom:.625em}
|
||
|
|
ul.checklist,ul.none,ol.none,ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered,ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{list-style-type:none}
|
||
|
|
ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered{margin-left:.625em}
|
||
|
|
ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{margin-left:0}
|
||
|
|
ul.checklist{margin-left:.625em}
|
||
|
|
ul.checklist li>p:first-child>.fa-square-o:first-child,ul.checklist li>p:first-child>.fa-check-square-o:first-child{width:1.25em;font-size:.8em;position:relative;bottom:.125em}
|
||
|
|
ul.checklist li>p:first-child>input[type="checkbox"]:first-child{margin-right:.25em}
|
||
|
|
ul.inline{display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;list-style:none;margin:0 0 .625em -1.25em}
|
||
|
|
ul.inline>li{margin-left:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
.unstyled dl dt{font-weight:400;font-style:normal}
|
||
|
|
ol.arabic{list-style-type:decimal}
|
||
|
|
ol.decimal{list-style-type:decimal-leading-zero}
|
||
|
|
ol.loweralpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}
|
||
|
|
ol.upperalpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}
|
||
|
|
ol.lowerroman{list-style-type:lower-roman}
|
||
|
|
ol.upperroman{list-style-type:upper-roman}
|
||
|
|
ol.lowergreek{list-style-type:lower-greek}
|
||
|
|
.hdlist>table,.colist>table{border:0;background:none}
|
||
|
|
.hdlist>table>tbody>tr,.colist>table>tbody>tr{background:none}
|
||
|
|
td.hdlist1,td.hdlist2{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .625em}
|
||
|
|
td.hdlist1{font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:1.25em}
|
||
|
|
.literalblock+.colist,.listingblock+.colist{margin-top:-.5em}
|
||
|
|
.colist td:not([class]):first-child{padding:.4em .75em 0;line-height:1;vertical-align:top}
|
||
|
|
.colist td:not([class]):first-child img{max-width:none}
|
||
|
|
.colist td:not([class]):last-child{padding:.25em 0}
|
||
|
|
.thumb,.th{line-height:0;display:inline-block;border:solid 4px #fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd}
|
||
|
|
.imageblock.left{margin:.25em .625em 1.25em 0}
|
||
|
|
.imageblock.right{margin:.25em 0 1.25em .625em}
|
||
|
|
.imageblock>.title{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.imageblock.thumb,.imageblock.th{border-width:6px}
|
||
|
|
.imageblock.thumb>.title,.imageblock.th>.title{padding:0 .125em}
|
||
|
|
.image.left,.image.right{margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.25em;display:inline-block;line-height:0}
|
||
|
|
.image.left{margin-right:.625em}
|
||
|
|
.image.right{margin-left:.625em}
|
||
|
|
a.image{text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}
|
||
|
|
a.image object{pointer-events:none}
|
||
|
|
sup.footnote,sup.footnoteref{font-size:.875em;position:static;vertical-align:super}
|
||
|
|
sup.footnote a,sup.footnoteref a{text-decoration:none}
|
||
|
|
sup.footnote a:active,sup.footnoteref a:active{text-decoration:underline}
|
||
|
|
#footnotes{padding-top:.75em;padding-bottom:.75em;margin-bottom:.625em}
|
||
|
|
#footnotes hr{width:20%;min-width:6.25em;margin:-.25em 0 .75em;border-width:1px 0 0}
|
||
|
|
#footnotes .footnote{padding:0 .375em 0 .225em;line-height:1.3334;font-size:.875em;margin-left:1.2em;margin-bottom:.2em}
|
||
|
|
#footnotes .footnote a:first-of-type{font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;margin-left:-1.05em}
|
||
|
|
#footnotes .footnote:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
#content #footnotes{margin-top:-.625em;margin-bottom:0;padding:.75em 0}
|
||
|
|
.gist .file-data>table{border:0;background:#fff;width:100%;margin-bottom:0}
|
||
|
|
.gist .file-data>table td.line-data{width:99%}
|
||
|
|
div.unbreakable{page-break-inside:avoid}
|
||
|
|
.big{font-size:larger}
|
||
|
|
.small{font-size:smaller}
|
||
|
|
.underline{text-decoration:underline}
|
||
|
|
.overline{text-decoration:overline}
|
||
|
|
.line-through{text-decoration:line-through}
|
||
|
|
.aqua{color:#00bfbf}
|
||
|
|
.aqua-background{background-color:#00fafa}
|
||
|
|
.black{color:#000}
|
||
|
|
.black-background{background-color:#000}
|
||
|
|
.blue{color:#0000bf}
|
||
|
|
.blue-background{background-color:#0000fa}
|
||
|
|
.fuchsia{color:#bf00bf}
|
||
|
|
.fuchsia-background{background-color:#fa00fa}
|
||
|
|
.gray{color:#606060}
|
||
|
|
.gray-background{background-color:#7d7d7d}
|
||
|
|
.green{color:#006000}
|
||
|
|
.green-background{background-color:#007d00}
|
||
|
|
.lime{color:#00bf00}
|
||
|
|
.lime-background{background-color:#00fa00}
|
||
|
|
.maroon{color:#600000}
|
||
|
|
.maroon-background{background-color:#7d0000}
|
||
|
|
.navy{color:#000060}
|
||
|
|
.navy-background{background-color:#00007d}
|
||
|
|
.olive{color:#606000}
|
||
|
|
.olive-background{background-color:#7d7d00}
|
||
|
|
.purple{color:#600060}
|
||
|
|
.purple-background{background-color:#7d007d}
|
||
|
|
.red{color:#bf0000}
|
||
|
|
.red-background{background-color:#fa0000}
|
||
|
|
.silver{color:#909090}
|
||
|
|
.silver-background{background-color:#bcbcbc}
|
||
|
|
.teal{color:#006060}
|
||
|
|
.teal-background{background-color:#007d7d}
|
||
|
|
.white{color:#bfbfbf}
|
||
|
|
.white-background{background-color:#fafafa}
|
||
|
|
.yellow{color:#bfbf00}
|
||
|
|
.yellow-background{background-color:#fafa00}
|
||
|
|
span.icon>.fa{cursor:default}
|
||
|
|
a span.icon>.fa{cursor:inherit}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock td.icon [class^="fa icon-"]{font-size:2.5em;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:default}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-note::before{content:"\f05a";color:#19407c}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-tip::before{content:"\f0eb";text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(155,155,0,.8);color:#111}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-warning::before{content:"\f071";color:#bf6900}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-caution::before{content:"\f06d";color:#bf3400}
|
||
|
|
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-important::before{content:"\f06a";color:#bf0000}
|
||
|
|
.conum[data-value]{display:inline-block;color:#fff!important;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);-webkit-border-radius:100px;border-radius:100px;text-align:center;font-size:.75em;width:1.67em;height:1.67em;line-height:1.67em;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}
|
||
|
|
.conum[data-value] *{color:#fff!important}
|
||
|
|
.conum[data-value]+b{display:none}
|
||
|
|
.conum[data-value]::after{content:attr(data-value)}
|
||
|
|
pre .conum[data-value]{position:relative;top:-.125em}
|
||
|
|
b.conum *{color:inherit!important}
|
||
|
|
.conum:not([data-value]):empty{display:none}
|
||
|
|
dt,th.tableblock,td.content,div.footnote{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
|
||
|
|
h1,h2,p,td.content,span.alt{letter-spacing:-.01em}
|
||
|
|
p strong,td.content strong,div.footnote strong{letter-spacing:-.005em}
|
||
|
|
p,blockquote,dt,td.content,span.alt{font-size:1.0625rem}
|
||
|
|
p{margin-bottom:1.25rem}
|
||
|
|
.sidebarblock p,.sidebarblock dt,.sidebarblock td.content,p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
|
||
|
|
.exampleblock>.content{background-color:#fffef7;border-color:#e0e0dc;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc}
|
||
|
|
.print-only{display:none!important}
|
||
|
|
@page{margin:1.25cm .75cm}
|
||
|
|
@media print{*{-webkit-box-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;text-shadow:none!important}
|
||
|
|
html{font-size:80%}
|
||
|
|
a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline!important}
|
||
|
|
a.bare,a[href^="#"],a[href^="mailto:"]{text-decoration:none!important}
|
||
|
|
a[href^="http:"]:not(.bare)::after,a[href^="https:"]:not(.bare)::after{content:"(" attr(href) ")";display:inline-block;font-size:.875em;padding-left:.25em}
|
||
|
|
abbr[title]::after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}
|
||
|
|
pre,blockquote,tr,img,object,svg{page-break-inside:avoid}
|
||
|
|
thead{display:table-header-group}
|
||
|
|
svg{max-width:100%}
|
||
|
|
p,blockquote,dt,td.content{font-size:1em;orphans:3;widows:3}
|
||
|
|
h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{page-break-after:avoid}
|
||
|
|
#toc,.sidebarblock,.exampleblock>.content{background:none!important}
|
||
|
|
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
|
||
|
|
body.book #header{text-align:center}
|
||
|
|
body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em}
|
||
|
|
body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
|
||
|
|
body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
|
||
|
|
body.book #header .details br{display:block}
|
||
|
|
body.book #header .details br+span::before{content:none!important}
|
||
|
|
body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
|
||
|
|
body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
|
||
|
|
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
|
||
|
|
#footer{padding:0 .9375em}
|
||
|
|
.hide-on-print{display:none!important}
|
||
|
|
.print-only{display:block!important}
|
||
|
|
.hide-for-print{display:none!important}
|
||
|
|
.show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
|
||
|
|
@media print,amzn-kf8{#header>h1:first-child{margin-top:1.25rem}
|
||
|
|
.sect1{padding:0!important}
|
||
|
|
.sect1+.sect1{border:0}
|
||
|
|
#footer{background:none}
|
||
|
|
#footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:.9em}}
|
||
|
|
@media amzn-kf8{#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{padding:0}}
|
||
|
|
</style>
|
||
|
|
</head>
|
||
|
|
<body class="manpage">
|
||
|
|
<div id="header">
|
||
|
|
<h1>git-pack-objects(1) Manual Page</h1>
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
|
<p>git-pack-objects - Create a packed archive of objects</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div id="content">
|
||
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
|
<div class="verseblock">
|
||
|
|
<pre class="content"><em>git pack-objects</em> [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
|
||
|
|
[--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
|
||
|
|
[--local] [--incremental] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>]
|
||
|
|
[--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--keep-pack=<pack-name>]
|
||
|
|
[--stdout [--filter=<filter-spec>] | base-name]
|
||
|
|
[--shallow] [--keep-true-parents] [--sparse] < object-list</pre>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Reads list of objects from the standard input, and writes either one or
|
||
|
|
more packed archives with the specified base-name to disk, or a packed
|
||
|
|
archive to the standard output.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer a set of objects
|
||
|
|
between two repositories as well as an access efficient archival
|
||
|
|
format. In a packed archive, an object is either stored as a
|
||
|
|
compressed whole or as a difference from some other object.
|
||
|
|
The latter is often called a delta.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>The packed archive format (.pack) is designed to be self-contained
|
||
|
|
so that it can be unpacked without any further information. Therefore,
|
||
|
|
each object that a delta depends upon must be present within the pack.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>A pack index file (.idx) is generated for fast, random access to the
|
||
|
|
objects in the pack. Placing both the index file (.idx) and the packed
|
||
|
|
archive (.pack) in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or
|
||
|
|
any of the directories on $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES)
|
||
|
|
enables Git to read from the pack archive.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>The <em>git unpack-objects</em> command can read the packed archive and
|
||
|
|
expand the objects contained in the pack into "one-file
|
||
|
|
one-object" format; this is typically done by the smart-pull
|
||
|
|
commands when a pack is created on-the-fly for efficient network
|
||
|
|
transport by their peers.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
||
|
|
<dl>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">base-name</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Write into pairs of files (.pack and .idx), using
|
||
|
|
<base-name> to determine the name of the created file.
|
||
|
|
When this option is used, the two files in a pair are written in
|
||
|
|
<base-name>-<SHA-1>.{pack,idx} files. <SHA-1> is a hash
|
||
|
|
based on the pack content and is written to the standard
|
||
|
|
output of the command.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--stdout</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Write the pack contents (what would have been written to
|
||
|
|
.pack file) out to the standard output.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--revs</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Read the revision arguments from the standard input, instead of
|
||
|
|
individual object names. The revision arguments are processed
|
||
|
|
the same way as <em>git rev-list</em> with the <code>--objects</code> flag
|
||
|
|
uses its <code>commit</code> arguments to build the list of objects it
|
||
|
|
outputs. The objects on the resulting list are packed.
|
||
|
|
Besides revisions, <code>--not</code> or <code>--shallow <SHA-1></code> lines are
|
||
|
|
also accepted.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--unpacked</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This implies <code>--revs</code>. When processing the list of
|
||
|
|
revision arguments read from the standard input, limit
|
||
|
|
the objects packed to those that are not already packed.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--all</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This implies <code>--revs</code>. In addition to the list of
|
||
|
|
revision arguments read from the standard input, pretend
|
||
|
|
as if all refs under <code>refs/</code> are specified to be
|
||
|
|
included.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--include-tag</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Include unasked-for annotated tags if the object they
|
||
|
|
reference was included in the resulting packfile. This
|
||
|
|
can be useful to send new tags to native Git clients.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--window=<n></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--depth=<n></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>These two options affect how the objects contained in
|
||
|
|
the pack are stored using delta compression. The
|
||
|
|
objects are first internally sorted by type, size and
|
||
|
|
optionally names and compared against the other objects
|
||
|
|
within --window to see if using delta compression saves
|
||
|
|
space. --depth limits the maximum delta depth; making
|
||
|
|
it too deep affects the performance on the unpacker
|
||
|
|
side, because delta data needs to be applied that many
|
||
|
|
times to get to the necessary object.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50. The maximum
|
||
|
|
depth is 4095.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--window-memory=<n></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This option provides an additional limit on top of <code>--window</code>;
|
||
|
|
the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not take
|
||
|
|
up more than <em><n></em> bytes in memory. This is useful in
|
||
|
|
repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not run
|
||
|
|
out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
|
||
|
|
advantage of the large window for the smaller objects. The
|
||
|
|
size can be suffixed with "k", "m", or "g".
|
||
|
|
<code>--window-memory=0</code> makes memory usage unlimited. The default
|
||
|
|
is taken from the <code>pack.windowMemory</code> configuration variable.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--max-pack-size=<n></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>In unusual scenarios, you may not be able to create files
|
||
|
|
larger than a certain size on your filesystem, and this option
|
||
|
|
can be used to tell the command to split the output packfile
|
||
|
|
into multiple independent packfiles, each not larger than the
|
||
|
|
given size. The size can be suffixed with
|
||
|
|
"k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
|
||
|
|
This option
|
||
|
|
prevents the creation of a bitmap index.
|
||
|
|
The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
|
||
|
|
<code>pack.packSizeLimit</code> is set.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--honor-pack-keep</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This flag causes an object already in a local pack that
|
||
|
|
has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it would have
|
||
|
|
otherwise been packed.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--keep-pack=<pack-name></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This flag causes an object already in the given pack to be
|
||
|
|
ignored, even if it would have otherwise been
|
||
|
|
packed. <code><pack-name></code> is the the pack file name without
|
||
|
|
leading directory (e.g. <code>pack-123.pack</code>). The option could be
|
||
|
|
specified multiple times to keep multiple packs.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--incremental</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This flag causes an object already in a pack to be ignored
|
||
|
|
even if it would have otherwise been packed.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--local</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This flag causes an object that is borrowed from an alternate
|
||
|
|
object store to be ignored even if it would have otherwise been
|
||
|
|
packed.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--non-empty</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Only create a packed archive if it would contain at
|
||
|
|
least one object.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--progress</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
|
||
|
|
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
|
||
|
|
is specified. This flag forces progress status even if
|
||
|
|
the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--all-progress</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>When --stdout is specified then progress report is
|
||
|
|
displayed during the object count and compression phases
|
||
|
|
but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is
|
||
|
|
that in some cases the output stream is directly linked
|
||
|
|
to another command which may wish to display progress
|
||
|
|
status of its own as it processes incoming pack data.
|
||
|
|
This flag is like --progress except that it forces progress
|
||
|
|
report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is
|
||
|
|
used.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--all-progress-implied</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display
|
||
|
|
is activated. Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn’t actually
|
||
|
|
force any progress display by itself.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-q</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This flag makes the command not to report its progress
|
||
|
|
on the standard error stream.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-reuse-delta</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>When creating a packed archive in a repository that
|
||
|
|
has existing packs, the command reuses existing deltas.
|
||
|
|
This sometimes results in a slightly suboptimal pack.
|
||
|
|
This flag tells the command not to reuse existing deltas
|
||
|
|
but compute them from scratch.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-reuse-object</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This flag tells the command not to reuse existing object data at all,
|
||
|
|
including non deltified object, forcing recompression of everything.
|
||
|
|
This implies --no-reuse-delta. Useful only in the obscure case where
|
||
|
|
wholesale enforcement of a different compression level on the
|
||
|
|
packed data is desired.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--compression=<n></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Specifies compression level for newly-compressed data in the
|
||
|
|
generated pack. If not specified, pack compression level is
|
||
|
|
determined first by pack.compression, then by core.compression,
|
||
|
|
and defaults to -1, the zlib default, if neither is set.
|
||
|
|
Add --no-reuse-object if you want to force a uniform compression
|
||
|
|
level on all data no matter the source.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--sparse</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Use the "sparse" algorithm to determine which objects to include in
|
||
|
|
the pack, when combined with the "--revs" option. This algorithm
|
||
|
|
only walks trees that appear in paths that introduce new objects.
|
||
|
|
This can have significant performance benefits when computing
|
||
|
|
a pack to send a small change. However, it is possible that extra
|
||
|
|
objects are added to the pack-file if the included commits contain
|
||
|
|
certain types of direct renames.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--thin</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Create a "thin" pack by omitting the common objects between a
|
||
|
|
sender and a receiver in order to reduce network transfer. This
|
||
|
|
option only makes sense in conjunction with --stdout.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Note: A thin pack violates the packed archive format by omitting
|
||
|
|
required objects and is thus unusable by Git without making it
|
||
|
|
self-contained. Use <code>git index-pack --fix-thin</code>
|
||
|
|
(see <a href="git-index-pack.html">git-index-pack</a>(1)) to restore the self-contained property.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--shallow</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Optimize a pack that will be provided to a client with a shallow
|
||
|
|
repository. This option, combined with --thin, can result in a
|
||
|
|
smaller pack at the cost of speed.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--delta-base-offset</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as
|
||
|
|
either a 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
|
||
|
|
stream, but ancient versions of Git don’t understand the
|
||
|
|
latter. By default, <em>git pack-objects</em> only uses the
|
||
|
|
former format for better compatibility. This option
|
||
|
|
allows the command to use the latter format for
|
||
|
|
compactness. Depending on the average delta chain
|
||
|
|
length, this option typically shrinks the resulting
|
||
|
|
packfile by 3-5 per-cent.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Note: Porcelain commands such as <code>git gc</code> (see <a href="git-gc.html">git-gc</a>(1)),
|
||
|
|
<code>git repack</code> (see <a href="git-repack.html">git-repack</a>(1)) pass this option by default
|
||
|
|
in modern Git when they put objects in your repository into pack files.
|
||
|
|
So does <code>git bundle</code> (see <a href="git-bundle.html">git-bundle</a>(1)) when it creates a bundle.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--threads=<n></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
|
||
|
|
delta matches. This requires that pack-objects be compiled with
|
||
|
|
pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a warning.
|
||
|
|
This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor machines.
|
||
|
|
The required amount of memory for the delta search window is
|
||
|
|
however multiplied by the number of threads.
|
||
|
|
Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU’s
|
||
|
|
and set the number of threads accordingly.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--index-version=<version>[,<offset>]</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>This is intended to be used by the test suite only. It allows
|
||
|
|
to force the version for the generated pack index, and to force
|
||
|
|
64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--keep-true-parents</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
|
||
|
|
nevertheless.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--filter=<filter-spec></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Requires <code>--stdout</code>. Omits certain objects (usually blobs) from
|
||
|
|
the resulting packfile. See <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list</a>(1) for valid
|
||
|
|
<code><filter-spec></code> forms.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-filter</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Turns off any previous <code>--filter=</code> argument.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--missing=<missing-action></dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>A debug option to help with future "partial clone" development.
|
||
|
|
This option specifies how missing objects are handled.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>The form <em>--missing=error</em> requests that pack-objects stop with an error if
|
||
|
|
a missing object is encountered. This is the default action.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>The form <em>--missing=allow-any</em> will allow object traversal to continue
|
||
|
|
if a missing object is encountered. Missing objects will silently be
|
||
|
|
omitted from the results.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>The form <em>--missing=allow-promisor</em> is like <em>allow-any</em>, but will only
|
||
|
|
allow object traversal to continue for EXPECTED promisor missing objects.
|
||
|
|
Unexpected missing object will raise an error.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--exclude-promisor-objects</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Omit objects that are known to be in the promisor remote. (This
|
||
|
|
option has the purpose of operating only on locally created objects,
|
||
|
|
so that when we repack, we still maintain a distinction between
|
||
|
|
locally created objects [without .promisor] and objects from the
|
||
|
|
promisor remote [with .promisor].) This is used with partial clone.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--keep-unreachable</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Objects unreachable from the refs in packs named with
|
||
|
|
--unpacked= option are added to the resulting pack, in
|
||
|
|
addition to the reachable objects that are not in packs marked
|
||
|
|
with *.keep files. This implies <code>--revs</code>.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--pack-loose-unreachable</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Pack unreachable loose objects (and their loose counterparts
|
||
|
|
removed). This implies <code>--revs</code>.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--unpack-unreachable</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Keep unreachable objects in loose form. This implies <code>--revs</code>.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--delta-islands</dt>
|
||
|
|
<dd>
|
||
|
|
<p>Restrict delta matches based on "islands". See DELTA ISLANDS
|
||
|
|
below.</p>
|
||
|
|
</dd>
|
||
|
|
</dl>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="_delta_islands">DELTA ISLANDS</h2>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>When possible, <code>pack-objects</code> tries to reuse existing on-disk deltas to
|
||
|
|
avoid having to search for new ones on the fly. This is an important
|
||
|
|
optimization for serving fetches, because it means the server can avoid
|
||
|
|
inflating most objects at all and just send the bytes directly from
|
||
|
|
disk. This optimization can’t work when an object is stored as a delta
|
||
|
|
against a base which the receiver does not have (and which we are not
|
||
|
|
already sending). In that case the server "breaks" the delta and has to
|
||
|
|
find a new one, which has a high CPU cost. Therefore it’s important for
|
||
|
|
performance that the set of objects in on-disk delta relationships match
|
||
|
|
what a client would fetch.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>In a normal repository, this tends to work automatically. The objects
|
||
|
|
are mostly reachable from the branches and tags, and that’s what clients
|
||
|
|
fetch. Any deltas we find on the server are likely to be between objects
|
||
|
|
the client has or will have.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>But in some repository setups, you may have several related but separate
|
||
|
|
groups of ref tips, with clients tending to fetch those groups
|
||
|
|
independently. For example, imagine that you are hosting several "forks"
|
||
|
|
of a repository in a single shared object store, and letting clients
|
||
|
|
view them as separate repositories through <code>GIT_NAMESPACE</code> or separate
|
||
|
|
repos using the alternates mechanism. A naive repack may find that the
|
||
|
|
optimal delta for an object is against a base that is only found in
|
||
|
|
another fork. But when a client fetches, they will not have the base
|
||
|
|
object, and we’ll have to find a new delta on the fly.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>A similar situation may exist if you have many refs outside of
|
||
|
|
<code>refs/heads/</code> and <code>refs/tags/</code> that point to related objects (e.g.,
|
||
|
|
<code>refs/pull</code> or <code>refs/changes</code> used by some hosting providers). By
|
||
|
|
default, clients fetch only heads and tags, and deltas against objects
|
||
|
|
found only in those other groups cannot be sent as-is.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Delta islands solve this problem by allowing you to group your refs into
|
||
|
|
distinct "islands". Pack-objects computes which objects are reachable
|
||
|
|
from which islands, and refuses to make a delta from an object <code>A</code>
|
||
|
|
against a base which is not present in all of <code>A</code>'s islands. This
|
||
|
|
results in slightly larger packs (because we miss some delta
|
||
|
|
opportunities), but guarantees that a fetch of one island will not have
|
||
|
|
to recompute deltas on the fly due to crossing island boundaries.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>When repacking with delta islands the delta window tends to get
|
||
|
|
clogged with candidates that are forbidden by the config. Repacking
|
||
|
|
with a big --window helps (and doesn’t take as long as it otherwise
|
||
|
|
might because we can reject some object pairs based on islands before
|
||
|
|
doing any computation on the content).</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Islands are configured via the <code>pack.island</code> option, which can be
|
||
|
|
specified multiple times. Each value is a left-anchored regular
|
||
|
|
expressions matching refnames. For example:</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
|
<pre>[pack]
|
||
|
|
island = refs/heads/
|
||
|
|
island = refs/tags/</pre>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>puts heads and tags into an island (whose name is the empty string; see
|
||
|
|
below for more on naming). Any refs which do not match those regular
|
||
|
|
expressions (e.g., <code>refs/pull/123</code>) is not in any island. Any object
|
||
|
|
which is reachable only from <code>refs/pull/</code> (but not heads or tags) is
|
||
|
|
therefore not a candidate to be used as a base for <code>refs/heads/</code>.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Refs are grouped into islands based on their "names", and two regexes
|
||
|
|
that produce the same name are considered to be in the same
|
||
|
|
island. The names are computed from the regexes by concatenating any
|
||
|
|
capture groups from the regex, with a <em>-</em> dash in between. (And if
|
||
|
|
there are no capture groups, then the name is the empty string, as in
|
||
|
|
the above example.) This allows you to create arbitrary numbers of
|
||
|
|
islands. Only up to 14 such capture groups are supported though.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>For example, imagine you store the refs for each fork in
|
||
|
|
<code>refs/virtual/ID</code>, where <code>ID</code> is a numeric identifier. You might then
|
||
|
|
configure:</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
|
<pre>[pack]
|
||
|
|
island = refs/virtual/([0-9]+)/heads/
|
||
|
|
island = refs/virtual/([0-9]+)/tags/
|
||
|
|
island = refs/virtual/([0-9]+)/(pull)/</pre>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>That puts the heads and tags for each fork in their own island (named
|
||
|
|
"1234" or similar), and the pull refs for each go into their own
|
||
|
|
"1234-pull".</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Note that we pick a single island for each regex to go into, using "last
|
||
|
|
one wins" ordering (which allows repo-specific config to take precedence
|
||
|
|
over user-wide config, and so forth).</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p><a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list</a>(1)
|
||
|
|
<a href="git-repack.html">git-repack</a>(1)
|
||
|
|
<a href="git-prune-packed.html">git-prune-packed</a>(1)</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
|
||
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
|
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git</a>(1) suite</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div id="footer">
|
||
|
|
<div id="footer-text">
|
||
|
|
Last updated 2019-02-26 19:31:11 UTC
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
|