2128 lines
88 KiB
HTML
2128 lines
88 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<!--[if IE]><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><![endif]-->
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 1.5.8">
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<title>git-diff(1)</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700">
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<style>
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/* Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | http://asciidoctor.org */
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/* Uncomment @import statement below to use as custom stylesheet */
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/*@import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700";*/
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article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section,summary{display:block}
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audio,canvas,video{display:inline-block}
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audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
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script{display:none!important}
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html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
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a{background:transparent}
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a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
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a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
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h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
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abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
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b,strong{font-weight:bold}
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dfn{font-style:italic}
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hr{-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;height:0}
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mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
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code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
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pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
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q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
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small{font-size:80%}
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sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
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sup{top:-.5em}
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sub{bottom:-.25em}
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img{border:0}
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svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
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figure{margin:0}
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fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
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legend{border:0;padding:0}
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button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
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button,input{line-height:normal}
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button,select{text-transform:none}
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button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
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button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
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input[type="checkbox"],input[type="radio"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}
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button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
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textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
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table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
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*,*::before,*::after{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}
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html,body{font-size:100%}
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body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;tab-size:4;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
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a:hover{cursor:pointer}
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img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
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object,embed{height:100%}
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img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
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.left{float:left!important}
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.right{float:right!important}
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.text-left{text-align:left!important}
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.text-right{text-align:right!important}
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.text-center{text-align:center!important}
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.text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
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.hide{display:none}
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img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
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textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
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select{width:100%}
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.center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
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.stretch{width:100%}
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.subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
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div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0;direction:ltr}
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a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
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a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
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a img{border:none}
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p{font-family:inherit;font-weight:400;font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
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p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
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h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
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h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
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h1{font-size:2.125em}
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h2{font-size:1.6875em}
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h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
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h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
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h6{font-size:1em}
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hr{border:solid #dddddf;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em;height:0}
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em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
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strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
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small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
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code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
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ul,ol,dl{font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
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ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
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ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1em}
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ul.square li ul,ul.circle li ul,ul.disc li ul{list-style:inherit}
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ul.square{list-style-type:square}
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ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
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ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
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ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
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dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
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dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
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abbr,acronym{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:90%;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-bottom:1px dotted #ddd;cursor:help}
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abbr{text-transform:none}
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blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
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blockquote cite{display:block;font-size:.9375em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
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blockquote cite::before{content:"\2014 \0020"}
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blockquote cite a,blockquote cite a:visited{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
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blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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@media screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
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h1{font-size:2.75em}
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h2{font-size:2.3125em}
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h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
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h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
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table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:solid 1px #dedede}
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table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7}
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table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
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table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
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table tr.even,table tr.alt,table tr:nth-of-type(even){background:#f8f8f7}
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table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6}
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h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
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h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
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.clearfix::before,.clearfix::after,.float-group::before,.float-group::after{content:" ";display:table}
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.clearfix::after,.float-group::after{clear:both}
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*:not(pre)>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background-color:#f7f7f8;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed;word-wrap:break-word}
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*:not(pre)>code.nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
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*:not(pre)>code.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
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pre,pre>code{line-height:1.45;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
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em em{font-style:normal}
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strong strong{font-weight:400}
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.keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
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kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background-color:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em white inset;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em #fff inset;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
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.keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
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.keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
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.menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
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.menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
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.menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
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.menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
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.menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
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b.button::before,b.button::after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
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b.button::before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
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b.button::after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
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p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
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#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
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#header::before,#header::after,#content::before,#content::after,#footnotes::before,#footnotes::after,#footer::before,#footer::after{content:" ";display:table}
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#header::after,#content::after,#footnotes::after,#footer::after{clear:both}
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#content{margin-top:1.25em}
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#content::before{content:none}
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#header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
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#header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #dddddf}
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#header>h1:only-child,body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
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#header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}
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#header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
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#header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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#header .details br{display:none}
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#header .details br+span::before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
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#header .details br+span.author::before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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#header .details br+span#revremark::before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
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#header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
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#header #revnumber::after{content:"\00a0"}
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#content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
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#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e9;padding-bottom:.5em}
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#toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
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#toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
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#toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
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#toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
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#toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
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#toc a{text-decoration:none}
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#toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
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#toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
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@media screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
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body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
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#toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background-color:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #e7e7e9;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
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#toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
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#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
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#toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
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#toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
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body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
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body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #e7e7e9;left:auto;right:0}}
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@media screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
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#toc.toc2{width:20em}
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#toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
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#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
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#toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
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body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
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#content #toc{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
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#content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
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#content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
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#footer{max-width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
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#footer-text{color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);line-height:1.44}
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#content{margin-bottom:.625em}
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.sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
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@media screen and (min-width:768px){#content{margin-bottom:1.25em}
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.sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
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.sect1:last-child{padding-bottom:0}
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.sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #e7e7e9}
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#content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
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#content h1>a.anchor::before,h2>a.anchor::before,h3>a.anchor::before,#toctitle>a.anchor::before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor::before,h4>a.anchor::before,h5>a.anchor::before,h6>a.anchor::before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
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#content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
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#content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
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#content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
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.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
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.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
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table.tableblock.fit-content>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;width:0}
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.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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table.tableblock #preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:inherit}
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.admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
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.admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
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.admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:none}
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.admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
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.admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #dddddf;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
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.admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
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.exampleblock>.content{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
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.exampleblock>.content>:first-child{margin-top:0}
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.exampleblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
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.sidebarblock{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
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.sidebarblock>:first-child{margin-top:0}
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.sidebarblock>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
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.sidebarblock>.content>.title{color:#7a2518;margin-top:0;text-align:center}
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.exampleblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
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.literalblock pre,.listingblock pre:not(.highlight),.listingblock pre[class="highlight"],.listingblock pre[class^="highlight "],.listingblock pre.CodeRay,.listingblock pre.prettyprint{background:#f7f7f8}
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.sidebarblock .literalblock pre,.sidebarblock .listingblock pre:not(.highlight),.sidebarblock .listingblock pre[class="highlight"],.sidebarblock .listingblock pre[class^="highlight "],.sidebarblock .listingblock pre.CodeRay,.sidebarblock .listingblock pre.prettyprint{background:#f2f1f1}
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.literalblock pre,.literalblock pre[class],.listingblock pre,.listingblock pre[class]{-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-x:auto;padding:1em;font-size:.8125em}
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</head>
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<body class="manpage">
|
|
<div id="header">
|
|
<h1>git-diff(1) Manual Page</h1>
|
|
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<p>git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="content">
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="verseblock">
|
|
<pre class="content"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] [<commit>] [--] [<path>…​]
|
|
<em>git diff</em> [<options>] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>…​]
|
|
<em>git diff</em> [<options>] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>…​]
|
|
<em>git diff</em> [<options>] <blob> <blob>
|
|
<em>git diff</em> [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
|
|
between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, changes between
|
|
two blob objects, or changes between two files on disk.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] [--] [<path>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This form is to view the changes you made relative to
|
|
the index (staging area for the next commit). In other
|
|
words, the differences are what you <em>could</em> tell Git to
|
|
further add to the index but you still haven’t. You can
|
|
stage these changes by using <a href="git-add.html">git-add</a>(1).</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This form is to compare the given two paths on the
|
|
filesystem. You can omit the <code>--no-index</code> option when
|
|
running the command in a working tree controlled by Git and
|
|
at least one of the paths points outside the working tree,
|
|
or when running the command outside a working tree
|
|
controlled by Git.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
|
|
commit relative to the named <commit>. Typically you
|
|
would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
|
|
do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
|
|
If HEAD does not exist (e.g. unborn branches) and
|
|
<commit> is not given, it shows all staged changes.
|
|
--staged is a synonym of --cached.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] <commit> [--] [<path>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This form is to view the changes you have in your
|
|
working tree relative to the named <commit>. You can
|
|
use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
|
|
branch name to compare with the tip of a different
|
|
branch.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
|
|
<commit>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This is synonymous to the previous form. If <commit> on
|
|
one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
|
|
using HEAD instead.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] <commit>...<commit> [--] [<path>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
|
|
and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
|
|
of both <commit>. "git diff A...B" is equivalent to
|
|
"git diff $(git merge-base A B) B". You can omit any one
|
|
of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Just in case you are doing something exotic, it should be
|
|
noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
|
|
in the last two forms that use ".." notations, can be any
|
|
<tree>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
|
|
"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in <a href="gitrevisions.html">gitrevisions</a>(7).
|
|
However, "diff" is about comparing two <em>endpoints</em>, not ranges,
|
|
and the range notations ("<commit>..<commit>" and
|
|
"<commit>...<commit>") do not mean a range as defined in the
|
|
"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in <a href="gitrevisions.html">gitrevisions</a>(7).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git diff</em> [<options>] <blob> <blob></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This form is to view the differences between the raw
|
|
contents of two blob objects.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-p</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-u</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--patch</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Generate patch (see section on generating patches).
|
|
This is the default.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-s</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-patch</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Suppress diff output. Useful for commands like <code>git show</code> that
|
|
show the patch by default, or to cancel the effect of <code>--patch</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-U<n></dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--unified=<n></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of
|
|
the usual three.
|
|
Implies <code>-p</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--raw</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Generate the diff in raw format.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--patch-with-raw</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Synonym for <code>-p --raw</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--indent-heuristic</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Enable the heuristic that shifts diff hunk boundaries to make patches
|
|
easier to read. This is the default.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-indent-heuristic</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Disable the indent heuristic.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--minimal</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible
|
|
diff is produced.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--patience</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Generate a diff using the "patience diff" algorithm.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--histogram</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Generate a diff using the "histogram diff" algorithm.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--anchored=<text></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Generate a diff using the "anchored diff" algorithm.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This option may be specified more than once.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>If a line exists in both the source and destination, exists only once,
|
|
and starts with this text, this algorithm attempts to prevent it from
|
|
appearing as a deletion or addition in the output. It uses the "patience
|
|
diff" algorithm internally.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--diff-algorithm={patience|minimal|histogram|myers}</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Choose a diff algorithm. The variants are as follows:</p>
|
|
<div class="openblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>default</code>, <code>myers</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The basic greedy diff algorithm. Currently, this is the default.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>minimal</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Spend extra time to make sure the smallest possible diff is
|
|
produced.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>patience</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Use "patience diff" algorithm when generating patches.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>histogram</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This algorithm extends the patience algorithm to "support
|
|
low-occurrence common elements".</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>For instance, if you configured the <code>diff.algorithm</code> variable to a
|
|
non-default value and want to use the default one, then you
|
|
have to use <code>--diff-algorithm=default</code> option.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--stat[=<width>[,<name-width>[,<count>]]]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Generate a diffstat. By default, as much space as necessary
|
|
will be used for the filename part, and the rest for the graph
|
|
part. Maximum width defaults to terminal width, or 80 columns
|
|
if not connected to a terminal, and can be overridden by
|
|
<code><width></code>. The width of the filename part can be limited by
|
|
giving another width <code><name-width></code> after a comma. The width
|
|
of the graph part can be limited by using
|
|
<code>--stat-graph-width=<width></code> (affects all commands generating
|
|
a stat graph) or by setting <code>diff.statGraphWidth=<width></code>
|
|
(does not affect <code>git format-patch</code>).
|
|
By giving a third parameter <code><count></code>, you can limit the
|
|
output to the first <code><count></code> lines, followed by <code>...</code> if
|
|
there are more.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>These parameters can also be set individually with <code>--stat-width=<width></code>,
|
|
<code>--stat-name-width=<name-width></code> and <code>--stat-count=<count></code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--compact-summary</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Output a condensed summary of extended header information such
|
|
as file creations or deletions ("new" or "gone", optionally "+l"
|
|
if it’s a symlink) and mode changes ("+x" or "-x" for adding
|
|
or removing executable bit respectively) in diffstat. The
|
|
information is put between the filename part and the graph
|
|
part. Implies <code>--stat</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--numstat</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Similar to <code>--stat</code>, but shows number of added and
|
|
deleted lines in decimal notation and pathname without
|
|
abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly. For
|
|
binary files, outputs two <code>-</code> instead of saying
|
|
<code>0 0</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--shortstat</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Output only the last line of the <code>--stat</code> format containing total
|
|
number of modified files, as well as number of added and deleted
|
|
lines.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--dirstat[=<param1,param2,…​>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Output the distribution of relative amount of changes for each
|
|
sub-directory. The behavior of <code>--dirstat</code> can be customized by
|
|
passing it a comma separated list of parameters.
|
|
The defaults are controlled by the <code>diff.dirstat</code> configuration
|
|
variable (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1)).
|
|
The following parameters are available:</p>
|
|
<div class="openblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>changes</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Compute the dirstat numbers by counting the lines that have been
|
|
removed from the source, or added to the destination. This ignores
|
|
the amount of pure code movements within a file. In other words,
|
|
rearranging lines in a file is not counted as much as other changes.
|
|
This is the default behavior when no parameter is given.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>lines</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Compute the dirstat numbers by doing the regular line-based diff
|
|
analysis, and summing the removed/added line counts. (For binary
|
|
files, count 64-byte chunks instead, since binary files have no
|
|
natural concept of lines). This is a more expensive <code>--dirstat</code>
|
|
behavior than the <code>changes</code> behavior, but it does count rearranged
|
|
lines within a file as much as other changes. The resulting output
|
|
is consistent with what you get from the other <code>--*stat</code> options.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>files</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Compute the dirstat numbers by counting the number of files changed.
|
|
Each changed file counts equally in the dirstat analysis. This is
|
|
the computationally cheapest <code>--dirstat</code> behavior, since it does
|
|
not have to look at the file contents at all.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>cumulative</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Count changes in a child directory for the parent directory as well.
|
|
Note that when using <code>cumulative</code>, the sum of the percentages
|
|
reported may exceed 100%. The default (non-cumulative) behavior can
|
|
be specified with the <code>noncumulative</code> parameter.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><limit></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>An integer parameter specifies a cut-off percent (3% by default).
|
|
Directories contributing less than this percentage of the changes
|
|
are not shown in the output.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Example: The following will count changed files, while ignoring
|
|
directories with less than 10% of the total amount of changed files,
|
|
and accumulating child directory counts in the parent directories:
|
|
<code>--dirstat=files,10,cumulative</code>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--summary</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Output a condensed summary of extended header information
|
|
such as creations, renames and mode changes.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--patch-with-stat</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Synonym for <code>-p --stat</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-z</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>When <code>--raw</code>, <code>--numstat</code>, <code>--name-only</code> or <code>--name-status</code> has been
|
|
given, do not munge pathnames and use NULs as output field terminators.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Without this option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are quoted as
|
|
explained for the configuration variable <code>core.quotePath</code> (see
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1)).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--name-only</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show only names of changed files.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--name-status</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show only names and status of changed files. See the description
|
|
of the <code>--diff-filter</code> option on what the status letters mean.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--submodule[=<format>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Specify how differences in submodules are shown. When specifying
|
|
<code>--submodule=short</code> the <em>short</em> format is used. This format just
|
|
shows the names of the commits at the beginning and end of the range.
|
|
When <code>--submodule</code> or <code>--submodule=log</code> is specified, the <em>log</em>
|
|
format is used. This format lists the commits in the range like
|
|
<a href="git-submodule.html">git-submodule</a>(1) <code>summary</code> does. When <code>--submodule=diff</code>
|
|
is specified, the <em>diff</em> format is used. This format shows an
|
|
inline diff of the changes in the submodule contents between the
|
|
commit range. Defaults to <code>diff.submodule</code> or the <em>short</em> format
|
|
if the config option is unset.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--color[=<when>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show colored diff.
|
|
<code>--color</code> (i.e. without <em>=<when></em>) is the same as <code>--color=always</code>.
|
|
<em><when></em> can be one of <code>always</code>, <code>never</code>, or <code>auto</code>.
|
|
It can be changed by the <code>color.ui</code> and <code>color.diff</code>
|
|
configuration settings.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-color</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Turn off colored diff.
|
|
This can be used to override configuration settings.
|
|
It is the same as <code>--color=never</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--color-moved[=<mode>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Moved lines of code are colored differently.
|
|
It can be changed by the <code>diff.colorMoved</code> configuration setting.
|
|
The <mode> defaults to <em>no</em> if the option is not given
|
|
and to <em>zebra</em> if the option with no mode is given.
|
|
The mode must be one of:</p>
|
|
<div class="openblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">no</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Moved lines are not highlighted.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">default</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Is a synonym for <code>zebra</code>. This may change to a more sensible mode
|
|
in the future.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">plain</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Any line that is added in one location and was removed
|
|
in another location will be colored with <em>color.diff.newMoved</em>.
|
|
Similarly <em>color.diff.oldMoved</em> will be used for removed lines
|
|
that are added somewhere else in the diff. This mode picks up any
|
|
moved line, but it is not very useful in a review to determine
|
|
if a block of code was moved without permutation.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">blocks</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Blocks of moved text of at least 20 alphanumeric characters
|
|
are detected greedily. The detected blocks are
|
|
painted using either the <em>color.diff.{old,new}Moved</em> color.
|
|
Adjacent blocks cannot be told apart.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">zebra</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Blocks of moved text are detected as in <em>blocks</em> mode. The blocks
|
|
are painted using either the <em>color.diff.{old,new}Moved</em> color or
|
|
<em>color.diff.{old,new}MovedAlternative</em>. The change between
|
|
the two colors indicates that a new block was detected.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">dimmed-zebra</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Similar to <em>zebra</em>, but additional dimming of uninteresting parts
|
|
of moved code is performed. The bordering lines of two adjacent
|
|
blocks are considered interesting, the rest is uninteresting.
|
|
<code>dimmed_zebra</code> is a deprecated synonym.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-color-moved</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Turn off move detection. This can be used to override configuration
|
|
settings. It is the same as <code>--color-moved=no</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--color-moved-ws=<modes></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>This configures how whitespace is ignored when performing the
|
|
move detection for <code>--color-moved</code>.
|
|
It can be set by the <code>diff.colorMovedWS</code> configuration setting.
|
|
These modes can be given as a comma separated list:</p>
|
|
<div class="openblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">no</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Do not ignore whitespace when performing move detection.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">ignore-space-at-eol</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">ignore-space-change</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore changes in amount of whitespace. This ignores whitespace
|
|
at line end, and considers all other sequences of one or
|
|
more whitespace characters to be equivalent.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">ignore-all-space</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore whitespace when comparing lines. This ignores differences
|
|
even if one line has whitespace where the other line has none.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">allow-indentation-change</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Initially ignore any whitespace in the move detection, then
|
|
group the moved code blocks only into a block if the change in
|
|
whitespace is the same per line. This is incompatible with the
|
|
other modes.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-color-moved-ws</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Do not ignore whitespace when performing move detection. This can be
|
|
used to override configuration settings. It is the same as
|
|
<code>--color-moved-ws=no</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--word-diff[=<mode>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show a word diff, using the <mode> to delimit changed words.
|
|
By default, words are delimited by whitespace; see
|
|
<code>--word-diff-regex</code> below. The <mode> defaults to <em>plain</em>, and
|
|
must be one of:</p>
|
|
<div class="openblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">color</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Highlight changed words using only colors. Implies <code>--color</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">plain</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show words as <code>[-removed-]</code> and <code>{+added+}</code>. Makes no
|
|
attempts to escape the delimiters if they appear in the input,
|
|
so the output may be ambiguous.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">porcelain</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Use a special line-based format intended for script
|
|
consumption. Added/removed/unchanged runs are printed in the
|
|
usual unified diff format, starting with a <code>+</code>/<code>-</code>/` `
|
|
character at the beginning of the line and extending to the
|
|
end of the line. Newlines in the input are represented by a
|
|
tilde <code>~</code> on a line of its own.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">none</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Disable word diff again.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Note that despite the name of the first mode, color is used to
|
|
highlight the changed parts in all modes if enabled.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--word-diff-regex=<regex></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Use <regex> to decide what a word is, instead of considering
|
|
runs of non-whitespace to be a word. Also implies
|
|
<code>--word-diff</code> unless it was already enabled.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Every non-overlapping match of the
|
|
<regex> is considered a word. Anything between these matches is
|
|
considered whitespace and ignored(!) for the purposes of finding
|
|
differences. You may want to append <code>|[^[:space:]]</code> to your regular
|
|
expression to make sure that it matches all non-whitespace characters.
|
|
A match that contains a newline is silently truncated(!) at the
|
|
newline.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>For example, <code>--word-diff-regex=.</code> will treat each character as a word
|
|
and, correspondingly, show differences character by character.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The regex can also be set via a diff driver or configuration option, see
|
|
<a href="gitattributes.html">gitattributes</a>(5) or <a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1). Giving it explicitly
|
|
overrides any diff driver or configuration setting. Diff drivers
|
|
override configuration settings.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--color-words[=<regex>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Equivalent to <code>--word-diff=color</code> plus (if a regex was
|
|
specified) <code>--word-diff-regex=<regex></code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-renames</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Turn off rename detection, even when the configuration
|
|
file gives the default to do so.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--check</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Warn if changes introduce conflict markers or whitespace errors.
|
|
What are considered whitespace errors is controlled by <code>core.whitespace</code>
|
|
configuration. By default, trailing whitespaces (including
|
|
lines that consist solely of whitespaces) and a space character
|
|
that is immediately followed by a tab character inside the
|
|
initial indent of the line are considered whitespace errors.
|
|
Exits with non-zero status if problems are found. Not compatible
|
|
with --exit-code.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ws-error-highlight=<kind></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Highlight whitespace errors in the <code>context</code>, <code>old</code> or <code>new</code>
|
|
lines of the diff. Multiple values are separated by comma,
|
|
<code>none</code> resets previous values, <code>default</code> reset the list to
|
|
<code>new</code> and <code>all</code> is a shorthand for <code>old,new,context</code>. When
|
|
this option is not given, and the configuration variable
|
|
<code>diff.wsErrorHighlight</code> is not set, only whitespace errors in
|
|
<code>new</code> lines are highlighted. The whitespace errors are colored
|
|
with <code>color.diff.whitespace</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--full-index</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Instead of the first handful of characters, show the full
|
|
pre- and post-image blob object names on the "index"
|
|
line when generating patch format output.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--binary</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>In addition to <code>--full-index</code>, output a binary diff that
|
|
can be applied with <code>git-apply</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--abbrev[=<n>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
|
|
name in diff-raw format output and diff-tree header
|
|
lines, show only a partial prefix. This is
|
|
independent of the <code>--full-index</code> option above, which controls
|
|
the diff-patch output format. Non default number of
|
|
digits can be specified with <code>--abbrev=<n></code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-B[<n>][/<m>]</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--break-rewrites[=[<n>][/<m>]]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Break complete rewrite changes into pairs of delete and
|
|
create. This serves two purposes:</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>It affects the way a change that amounts to a total rewrite of a file
|
|
not as a series of deletion and insertion mixed together with a very
|
|
few lines that happen to match textually as the context, but as a
|
|
single deletion of everything old followed by a single insertion of
|
|
everything new, and the number <code>m</code> controls this aspect of the -B
|
|
option (defaults to 60%). <code>-B/70%</code> specifies that less than 30% of the
|
|
original should remain in the result for Git to consider it a total
|
|
rewrite (i.e. otherwise the resulting patch will be a series of
|
|
deletion and insertion mixed together with context lines).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When used with -M, a totally-rewritten file is also considered as the
|
|
source of a rename (usually -M only considers a file that disappeared
|
|
as the source of a rename), and the number <code>n</code> controls this aspect of
|
|
the -B option (defaults to 50%). <code>-B20%</code> specifies that a change with
|
|
addition and deletion compared to 20% or more of the file’s size are
|
|
eligible for being picked up as a possible source of a rename to
|
|
another file.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-M[<n>]</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--find-renames[=<n>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Detect renames.
|
|
If <code>n</code> is specified, it is a threshold on the similarity
|
|
index (i.e. amount of addition/deletions compared to the
|
|
file’s size). For example, <code>-M90%</code> means Git should consider a
|
|
delete/add pair to be a rename if more than 90% of the file
|
|
hasn’t changed. Without a <code>%</code> sign, the number is to be read as
|
|
a fraction, with a decimal point before it. I.e., <code>-M5</code> becomes
|
|
0.5, and is thus the same as <code>-M50%</code>. Similarly, <code>-M05</code> is
|
|
the same as <code>-M5%</code>. To limit detection to exact renames, use
|
|
<code>-M100%</code>. The default similarity index is 50%.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-C[<n>]</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--find-copies[=<n>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Detect copies as well as renames. See also <code>--find-copies-harder</code>.
|
|
If <code>n</code> is specified, it has the same meaning as for <code>-M<n></code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--find-copies-harder</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>For performance reasons, by default, <code>-C</code> option finds copies only
|
|
if the original file of the copy was modified in the same
|
|
changeset. This flag makes the command
|
|
inspect unmodified files as candidates for the source of
|
|
copy. This is a very expensive operation for large
|
|
projects, so use it with caution. Giving more than one
|
|
<code>-C</code> option has the same effect.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-D</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--irreversible-delete</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Omit the preimage for deletes, i.e. print only the header but not
|
|
the diff between the preimage and <code>/dev/null</code>. The resulting patch
|
|
is not meant to be applied with <code>patch</code> or <code>git apply</code>; this is
|
|
solely for people who want to just concentrate on reviewing the
|
|
text after the change. In addition, the output obviously lacks
|
|
enough information to apply such a patch in reverse, even manually,
|
|
hence the name of the option.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When used together with <code>-B</code>, omit also the preimage in the deletion part
|
|
of a delete/create pair.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-l<num></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The <code>-M</code> and <code>-C</code> options require O(n^2) processing time where n
|
|
is the number of potential rename/copy targets. This
|
|
option prevents rename/copy detection from running if
|
|
the number of rename/copy targets exceeds the specified
|
|
number.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--diff-filter=[(A|C|D|M|R|T|U|X|B)…​[*]]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Select only files that are Added (<code>A</code>), Copied (<code>C</code>),
|
|
Deleted (<code>D</code>), Modified (<code>M</code>), Renamed (<code>R</code>), have their
|
|
type (i.e. regular file, symlink, submodule, …​) changed (<code>T</code>),
|
|
are Unmerged (<code>U</code>), are
|
|
Unknown (<code>X</code>), or have had their pairing Broken (<code>B</code>).
|
|
Any combination of the filter characters (including none) can be used.
|
|
When <code>*</code> (All-or-none) is added to the combination, all
|
|
paths are selected if there is any file that matches
|
|
other criteria in the comparison; if there is no file
|
|
that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Also, these upper-case letters can be downcased to exclude. E.g.
|
|
<code>--diff-filter=ad</code> excludes added and deleted paths.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Note that not all diffs can feature all types. For instance, diffs
|
|
from the index to the working tree can never have Added entries
|
|
(because the set of paths included in the diff is limited by what is in
|
|
the index). Similarly, copied and renamed entries cannot appear if
|
|
detection for those types is disabled.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-S<string></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of
|
|
the specified string (i.e. addition/deletion) in a file.
|
|
Intended for the scripter’s use.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>It is useful when you’re looking for an exact block of code (like a
|
|
struct), and want to know the history of that block since it first
|
|
came into being: use the feature iteratively to feed the interesting
|
|
block in the preimage back into <code>-S</code>, and keep going until you get the
|
|
very first version of the block.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Binary files are searched as well.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-G<regex></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Look for differences whose patch text contains added/removed
|
|
lines that match <regex>.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>To illustrate the difference between <code>-S<regex> --pickaxe-regex</code> and
|
|
<code>-G<regex></code>, consider a commit with the following diff in the same
|
|
file:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>+ return !regexec(regexp, two->ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
|
|
...
|
|
- hit = !regexec(regexp, mf2.ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>While <code>git log -G"regexec\(regexp"</code> will show this commit, <code>git log
|
|
-S"regexec\(regexp" --pickaxe-regex</code> will not (because the number of
|
|
occurrences of that string did not change).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Unless <code>--text</code> is supplied patches of binary files without a textconv
|
|
filter will be ignored.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>See the <em>pickaxe</em> entry in <a href="gitdiffcore.html">gitdiffcore</a>(7) for more
|
|
information.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--find-object=<object-id></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Look for differences that change the number of occurrences of
|
|
the specified object. Similar to <code>-S</code>, just the argument is different
|
|
in that it doesn’t search for a specific string but for a specific
|
|
object id.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The object can be a blob or a submodule commit. It implies the <code>-t</code> option in
|
|
<code>git-log</code> to also find trees.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--pickaxe-all</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>When <code>-S</code> or <code>-G</code> finds a change, show all the changes in that
|
|
changeset, not just the files that contain the change
|
|
in <string>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--pickaxe-regex</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Treat the <string> given to <code>-S</code> as an extended POSIX regular
|
|
expression to match.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-O<orderfile></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Control the order in which files appear in the output.
|
|
This overrides the <code>diff.orderFile</code> configuration variable
|
|
(see <a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1)). To cancel <code>diff.orderFile</code>,
|
|
use <code>-O/dev/null</code>.</p>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The output order is determined by the order of glob patterns in
|
|
<orderfile>.
|
|
All files with pathnames that match the first pattern are output
|
|
first, all files with pathnames that match the second pattern (but not
|
|
the first) are output next, and so on.
|
|
All files with pathnames that do not match any pattern are output
|
|
last, as if there was an implicit match-all pattern at the end of the
|
|
file.
|
|
If multiple pathnames have the same rank (they match the same pattern
|
|
but no earlier patterns), their output order relative to each other is
|
|
the normal order.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><orderfile> is parsed as follows:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="openblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Blank lines are ignored, so they can be used as separators for
|
|
readability.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Lines starting with a hash ("<code>#</code>") are ignored, so they can be used
|
|
for comments. Add a backslash ("<code>\</code>") to the beginning of the
|
|
pattern if it starts with a hash.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Each other line contains a single pattern.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Patterns have the same syntax and semantics as patterns used for
|
|
fnmatch(3) without the FNM_PATHNAME flag, except a pathname also
|
|
matches a pattern if removing any number of the final pathname
|
|
components matches the pattern. For example, the pattern "<code>foo*bar</code>"
|
|
matches "<code>fooasdfbar</code>" and "<code>foo/bar/baz/asdf</code>" but not "<code>foobarx</code>".</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-R</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Swap two inputs; that is, show differences from index or
|
|
on-disk file to tree contents.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--relative[=<path>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>When run from a subdirectory of the project, it can be
|
|
told to exclude changes outside the directory and show
|
|
pathnames relative to it with this option. When you are
|
|
not in a subdirectory (e.g. in a bare repository), you
|
|
can name which subdirectory to make the output relative
|
|
to by giving a <path> as an argument.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-a</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--text</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Treat all files as text.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-cr-at-eol</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore carriage-return at the end of line when doing a comparison.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-space-at-eol</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore changes in whitespace at EOL.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-b</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-space-change</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore changes in amount of whitespace. This ignores whitespace
|
|
at line end, and considers all other sequences of one or
|
|
more whitespace characters to be equivalent.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-w</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-all-space</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore whitespace when comparing lines. This ignores
|
|
differences even if one line has whitespace where the other
|
|
line has none.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-blank-lines</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore changes whose lines are all blank.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--inter-hunk-context=<lines></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified number
|
|
of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
|
|
Defaults to <code>diff.interHunkContext</code> or 0 if the config option
|
|
is unset.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-W</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--function-context</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show whole surrounding functions of changes.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--exit-code</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Make the program exit with codes similar to diff(1).
|
|
That is, it exits with 1 if there were differences and
|
|
0 means no differences.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--quiet</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Disable all output of the program. Implies <code>--exit-code</code>.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ext-diff</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Allow an external diff helper to be executed. If you set an
|
|
external diff driver with <a href="gitattributes.html">gitattributes</a>(5), you need
|
|
to use this option with <a href="git-log.html">git-log</a>(1) and friends.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-ext-diff</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Disallow external diff drivers.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--textconv</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-textconv</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Allow (or disallow) external text conversion filters to be run
|
|
when comparing binary files. See <a href="gitattributes.html">gitattributes</a>(5) for
|
|
details. Because textconv filters are typically a one-way
|
|
conversion, the resulting diff is suitable for human
|
|
consumption, but cannot be applied. For this reason, textconv
|
|
filters are enabled by default only for <a href="git-diff.html">git-diff</a>(1) and
|
|
<a href="git-log.html">git-log</a>(1), but not for <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch</a>(1) or
|
|
diff plumbing commands.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-submodules[=<when>]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Ignore changes to submodules in the diff generation. <when> can be
|
|
either "none", "untracked", "dirty" or "all", which is the default.
|
|
Using "none" will consider the submodule modified when it either contains
|
|
untracked or modified files or its HEAD differs from the commit recorded
|
|
in the superproject and can be used to override any settings of the
|
|
<em>ignore</em> option in <a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1) or <a href="gitmodules.html">gitmodules</a>(5). When
|
|
"untracked" is used submodules are not considered dirty when they only
|
|
contain untracked content (but they are still scanned for modified
|
|
content). Using "dirty" ignores all changes to the work tree of submodules,
|
|
only changes to the commits stored in the superproject are shown (this was
|
|
the behavior until 1.7.0). Using "all" hides all changes to submodules.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--src-prefix=<prefix></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show the given source prefix instead of "a/".</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--dst-prefix=<prefix></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Show the given destination prefix instead of "b/".</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-prefix</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Do not show any source or destination prefix.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--line-prefix=<prefix></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Prepend an additional prefix to every line of output.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--ita-invisible-in-index</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>By default entries added by "git add -N" appear as an existing
|
|
empty file in "git diff" and a new file in "git diff --cached".
|
|
This option makes the entry appear as a new file in "git diff"
|
|
and non-existent in "git diff --cached". This option could be
|
|
reverted with <code>--ita-visible-in-index</code>. Both options are
|
|
experimental and could be removed in future.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also
|
|
<a href="gitdiffcore.html">gitdiffcore</a>(7).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-1 --base</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-2 --ours</dt>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-3 --theirs</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Compare the working tree with the "base" version (stage #1),
|
|
"our branch" (stage #2) or "their branch" (stage #3). The
|
|
index contains these stages only for unmerged entries i.e.
|
|
while resolving conflicts. See <a href="git-read-tree.html">git-read-tree</a>(1)
|
|
section "3-Way Merge" for detailed information.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">-0</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>Omit diff output for unmerged entries and just show
|
|
"Unmerged". Can be used only when comparing the working tree
|
|
with the index.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><path>…​</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
|
|
the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
|
|
names and get diff for all files under them).</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_raw_output_format">Raw output format</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The raw output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree",
|
|
"git-diff-files" and "git diff --raw" are very similar.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
|
|
compared differs:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">git-diff-index <tree-ish></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>compares the <tree-ish> and the files on the filesystem.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">git-diff-index --cached <tree-ish></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>compares the <tree-ish> and the index.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">git-diff-tree [-r] <tree-ish-1> <tree-ish-2> [<pattern>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>compares the trees named by the two arguments.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">git-diff-files [<pattern>…​]</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>compares the index and the files on the filesystem.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The "git-diff-tree" command begins its output by printing the hash of
|
|
what is being compared. After that, all the commands print one output
|
|
line per changed file.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>An output line is formatted this way:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>in-place edit :100644 100644 bcd1234 0123456 M file0
|
|
copy-edit :100644 100644 abcd123 1234567 C68 file1 file2
|
|
rename-edit :100644 100644 abcd123 1234567 R86 file1 file3
|
|
create :000000 100644 0000000 1234567 A file4
|
|
delete :100644 000000 1234567 0000000 D file5
|
|
unmerged :000000 000000 0000000 0000000 U file6</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>That is, from the left to the right:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a colon.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>mode for "src"; 000000 if creation or unmerged.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a space.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>mode for "dst"; 000000 if deletion or unmerged.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a space.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>sha1 for "src"; 0{40} if creation or unmerged.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a space.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>sha1 for "dst"; 0{40} if creation, unmerged or "look at work tree".</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a space.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>status, followed by optional "score" number.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a tab or a NUL when <code>-z</code> option is used.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>path for "src"</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a tab or a NUL when <code>-z</code> option is used; only exists for C or R.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>an LF or a NUL when <code>-z</code> option is used, to terminate the record.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Possible status letters are:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>A: addition of a file</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>C: copy of a file into a new one</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>D: deletion of a file</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>M: modification of the contents or mode of a file</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>R: renaming of a file</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>T: change in the type of the file</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>U: file is unmerged (you must complete the merge before it can
|
|
be committed)</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>X: "unknown" change type (most probably a bug, please report it)</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Status letters C and R are always followed by a score (denoting the
|
|
percentage of similarity between the source and target of the move or
|
|
copy). Status letter M may be followed by a score (denoting the
|
|
percentage of dissimilarity) for file rewrites.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><sha1> is shown as all 0’s if a file is new on the filesystem
|
|
and it is out of sync with the index.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>:100644 100644 5be4a4a 0000000 M file.c</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Without the <code>-z</code> option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are
|
|
quoted as explained for the configuration variable <code>core.quotePath</code>
|
|
(see <a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1)). Using <code>-z</code> the filename is output
|
|
verbatim and the line is terminated by a NUL byte.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_diff_format_for_merges">diff format for merges</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff --raw"
|
|
can take <code>-c</code> or <code>--cc</code> option
|
|
to generate diff output also for merge commits. The output differs
|
|
from the format described above in the following way:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>there is a colon for each parent</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>there are more "src" modes and "src" sha1</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>status is concatenated status characters for each parent</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>no optional "score" number</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>single path, only for "dst"</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>::100644 100644 100644 fabadb8 cc95eb0 4866510 MM describe.c</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Note that <em>combined diff</em> lists only files which were modified from
|
|
all parents.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_generating_patches_with_p">Generating patches with -p</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
|
|
with a <code>-p</code> option, "git diff" without the <code>--raw</code> option, or
|
|
"git log" with the "-p" option, they
|
|
do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
|
|
patch file. You can customize the creation of such patches via the
|
|
<code>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</code> and the <code>GIT_DIFF_OPTS</code> environment variables.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
|
|
diff format:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>It is preceded with a "git diff" header that looks like this:</p>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>diff --git a/file1 b/file2</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The <code>a/</code> and <code>b/</code> filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
|
|
involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
|
|
<code>/dev/null</code> is <em>not</em> used in place of the <code>a/</code> or <code>b/</code> filenames.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When rename/copy is involved, <code>file1</code> and <code>file2</code> show the
|
|
name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
|
|
the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>It is followed by one or more extended header lines:</p>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>old mode <mode>
|
|
new mode <mode>
|
|
deleted file mode <mode>
|
|
new file mode <mode>
|
|
copy from <path>
|
|
copy to <path>
|
|
rename from <path>
|
|
rename to <path>
|
|
similarity index <number>
|
|
dissimilarity index <number>
|
|
index <hash>..<hash> <mode></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>File modes are printed as 6-digit octal numbers including the file type
|
|
and file permission bits.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Path names in extended headers do not include the <code>a/</code> and <code>b/</code> prefixes.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The similarity index is the percentage of unchanged lines, and
|
|
the dissimilarity index is the percentage of changed lines. It
|
|
is a rounded down integer, followed by a percent sign. The
|
|
similarity index value of 100% is thus reserved for two equal
|
|
files, while 100% dissimilarity means that no line from the old
|
|
file made it into the new one.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The index line includes the SHA-1 checksum before and after the change.
|
|
The <mode> is included if the file mode does not change; otherwise,
|
|
separate lines indicate the old and the new mode.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Pathnames with "unusual" characters are quoted as explained for
|
|
the configuration variable <code>core.quotePath</code> (see
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1)).</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>All the <code>file1</code> files in the output refer to files before the
|
|
commit, and all the <code>file2</code> files refer to files after the commit.
|
|
It is incorrect to apply each change to each file sequentially. For
|
|
example, this patch will swap a and b:</p>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>diff --git a/a b/b
|
|
rename from a
|
|
rename to b
|
|
diff --git a/b b/a
|
|
rename from b
|
|
rename to a</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_combined_diff_format">combined diff format</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Any diff-generating command can take the <code>-c</code> or <code>--cc</code> option to
|
|
produce a <em>combined diff</em> when showing a merge. This is the default
|
|
format when showing merges with <a href="git-diff.html">git-diff</a>(1) or
|
|
<a href="git-show.html">git-show</a>(1). Note also that you can give the <code>-m</code> option to any
|
|
of these commands to force generation of diffs with individual parents
|
|
of a merge.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>A <em>combined diff</em> format looks like this:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>diff --combined describe.c
|
|
index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
|
|
--- a/describe.c
|
|
+++ b/describe.c
|
|
@@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
|
|
return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
- static void describe(char *arg)
|
|
-static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
|
|
++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
|
|
{
|
|
+ unsigned char sha1[20];
|
|
+ struct commit *cmit;
|
|
struct commit_list *list;
|
|
static int initialized = 0;
|
|
struct commit_name *n;
|
|
|
|
+ if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
|
|
+ usage(describe_usage);
|
|
+ cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
|
|
+ if (!cmit)
|
|
+ usage(describe_usage);
|
|
+
|
|
if (!initialized) {
|
|
initialized = 1;
|
|
for_each_ref(get_name);</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
|
|
this (when <code>-c</code> option is used):</p>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>diff --combined file</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>or like this (when <code>--cc</code> option is used):</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>diff --cc file</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>It is followed by one or more extended header lines
|
|
(this example shows a merge with two parents):</p>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
|
|
mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
|
|
new file mode <mode>
|
|
deleted file mode <mode>,<mode></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The <code>mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode></code> line appears only if at least one of
|
|
the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
|
|
information about detected contents movement (renames and
|
|
copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
|
|
<tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header</p>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>--- a/file
|
|
+++ b/file</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Similar to two-line header for traditional <em>unified</em> diff
|
|
format, <code>/dev/null</code> is used to signal created or deleted
|
|
files.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
|
|
accidentally feeding it to <code>patch -p1</code>. Combined diff format
|
|
was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
|
|
meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
|
|
extended <em>index</em> header:</p>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>@@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>There are (number of parents + 1) <code>@</code> characters in the chunk
|
|
header for combined diff format.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Unlike the traditional <em>unified</em> diff format, which shows two
|
|
files A and B with a single column that has <code>-</code> (minus — appears in A but removed in B), <code>+</code> (plus — missing in A but
|
|
added to B), or <code>" "</code> (space — unchanged) prefix, this format
|
|
compares two or more files file1, file2,…​ with one file X, and
|
|
shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
|
|
fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X’s line is
|
|
different from it.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>A <code>-</code> character in the column N means that the line appears in
|
|
fileN but it does not appear in the result. A <code>+</code> character
|
|
in the column N means that the line appears in the result,
|
|
and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
|
|
added, from the point of view of that parent).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>In the above example output, the function signature was changed
|
|
from both files (hence two <code>-</code> removals from both file1 and
|
|
file2, plus <code>++</code> to mean one line that was added does not appear
|
|
in either file1 or file2). Also eight other lines are the same
|
|
from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with <code>+</code>).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When shown by <code>git diff-tree -c</code>, it compares the parents of a
|
|
merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
|
|
parents). When shown by <code>git diff-files -c</code>, it compares the
|
|
two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
|
|
(i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
|
|
"their version").</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_other_diff_formats">other diff formats</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The <code>--summary</code> option describes newly added, deleted, renamed and
|
|
copied files. The <code>--stat</code> option adds diffstat(1) graph to the
|
|
output. These options can be combined with other options, such as
|
|
<code>-p</code>, and are meant for human consumption.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When showing a change that involves a rename or a copy, <code>--stat</code> output
|
|
formats the pathnames compactly by combining common prefix and suffix of
|
|
the pathnames. For example, a change that moves <code>arch/i386/Makefile</code> to
|
|
<code>arch/x86/Makefile</code> while modifying 4 lines will be shown like this:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>arch/{i386 => x86}/Makefile | 4 +--</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The <code>--numstat</code> option gives the diffstat(1) information but is designed
|
|
for easier machine consumption. An entry in <code>--numstat</code> output looks
|
|
like this:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>1 2 README
|
|
3 1 arch/{i386 => x86}/Makefile</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>That is, from left to right:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>the number of added lines;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a tab;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>the number of deleted lines;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a tab;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>pathname (possibly with rename/copy information);</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a newline.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When <code>-z</code> output option is in effect, the output is formatted this way:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>1 2 README NUL
|
|
3 1 NUL arch/i386/Makefile NUL arch/x86/Makefile NUL</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>That is:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>the number of added lines;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a tab;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>the number of deleted lines;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a tab;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a NUL (only exists if renamed/copied);</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>pathname in preimage;</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a NUL (only exists if renamed/copied);</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>pathname in postimage (only exists if renamed/copied);</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>a NUL.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The extra <code>NUL</code> before the preimage path in renamed case is to allow
|
|
scripts that read the output to tell if the current record being read is
|
|
a single-path record or a rename/copy record without reading ahead.
|
|
After reading added and deleted lines, reading up to <code>NUL</code> would yield
|
|
the pathname, but if that is <code>NUL</code>, the record will show two paths.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">Various ways to check your working tree</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git diff <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
$ git diff --cached <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
$ git diff HEAD <b class="conum">(3)</b></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="colist arabic">
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
|
|
would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
|
|
would be committing if you run "git commit -a"</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">Comparing with arbitrary commits</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git diff test <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
$ git diff HEAD -- ./test <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD <b class="conum">(3)</b></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="colist arabic">
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
|
|
tip of "test" branch.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
|
|
the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
|
|
file "test".</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">Comparing branches</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git diff topic master <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
$ git diff topic..master <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
$ git diff topic...master <b class="conum">(3)</b></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="colist arabic">
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Same as above.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
|
|
branch was started off it.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">Limiting the diff output</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git diff --diff-filter=MRC <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
$ git diff --name-status <b class="conum">(2)</b>
|
|
$ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <b class="conum">(3)</b></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="colist arabic">
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Show only modification, rename, and copy, but not addition
|
|
or deletion.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
|
|
diff output.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Limit diff output to named subtrees.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1">Munging the diff output</dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C <b class="conum">(1)</b>
|
|
$ git diff -R <b class="conum">(2)</b></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="colist arabic">
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
|
|
rewrites (very expensive).</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Output diff in reverse.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>diff(1),
|
|
<a href="git-difftool.html">git-difftool</a>(1),
|
|
<a href="git-log.html">git-log</a>(1),
|
|
<a href="gitdiffcore.html">gitdiffcore</a>(7),
|
|
<a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch</a>(1),
|
|
<a href="git-apply.html">git-apply</a>(1)</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git</a>(1) suite</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="footer">
|
|
<div id="footer-text">
|
|
Last updated 2019-02-26 19:31:11 UTC
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html> |