801 lines
43 KiB
HTML
801 lines
43 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<!--[if IE]><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><![endif]-->
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 1.5.8">
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<title>git-receive-pack(1)</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700">
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<style>
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/* Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | http://asciidoctor.org */
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/* Uncomment @import statement below to use as custom stylesheet */
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/*@import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700";*/
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</style>
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</head>
|
|
<body class="manpage">
|
|
<div id="header">
|
|
<h1>git-receive-pack(1) Manual Page</h1>
|
|
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<p>git-receive-pack - Receive what is pushed into the repository</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="content">
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="verseblock">
|
|
<pre class="content"><em>git-receive-pack</em> <directory></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Invoked by <em>git send-pack</em> and updates the repository with the
|
|
information fed from the remote end.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This command is usually not invoked directly by the end user.
|
|
The UI for the protocol is on the <em>git send-pack</em> side, and the
|
|
program pair is meant to be used to push updates to remote
|
|
repository. For pull operations, see <a href="git-fetch-pack.html">git-fetch-pack</a>(1).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The command allows for creation and fast-forwarding of sha1 refs
|
|
(heads/tags) on the remote end (strictly speaking, it is the
|
|
local end <em>git-receive-pack</em> runs, but to the user who is sitting at
|
|
the send-pack end, it is updating the remote. Confused?)</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>There are other real-world examples of using update and
|
|
post-update hooks found in the Documentation/howto directory.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><em>git-receive-pack</em> honours the receive.denyNonFastForwards config
|
|
option, which tells it if updates to a ref should be denied if they
|
|
are not fast-forwards.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>A number of other receive.* config options are available to tweak
|
|
its behavior, see <a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><directory></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The repository to sync into.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_pre_receive_hook">PRE-RECEIVE HOOK</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Before any ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-receive file exists
|
|
and is executable, it will be invoked once with no parameters. The
|
|
standard input of the hook will be one line per ref to be updated:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>sha1-old SP sha1-new SP refname LF</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
|
|
head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 values before
|
|
each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
|
|
the update. Refs to be created will have sha1-old equal to 0{40},
|
|
while refs to be deleted will have sha1-new equal to 0{40}, otherwise
|
|
sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in the repository.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When accepting a signed push (see <a href="git-push.html">git-push</a>(1)), the signed
|
|
push certificate is stored in a blob and an environment variable
|
|
<code>GIT_PUSH_CERT</code> can be consulted for its object name. See the
|
|
description of <code>post-receive</code> hook for an example. In addition, the
|
|
certificate is verified using GPG and the result is exported with
|
|
the following environment variables:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The name and the e-mail address of the owner of the key that
|
|
signed the push certificate.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_KEY</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The GPG key ID of the key that signed the push certificate.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_STATUS</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The status of GPG verification of the push certificate,
|
|
using the same mnemonic as used in <code>%G?</code> format of <code>git log</code>
|
|
family of commands (see <a href="git-log.html">git-log</a>(1)).</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>The nonce string the process asked the signer to include
|
|
in the push certificate. If this does not match the value
|
|
recorded on the "nonce" header in the push certificate, it
|
|
may indicate that the certificate is a valid one that is
|
|
being replayed from a separate "git push" session.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<div class="dlist">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>UNSOLICITED</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>"git push --signed" sent a nonce when we did not ask it to
|
|
send one.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>MISSING</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>"git push --signed" did not send any nonce header.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>BAD</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>"git push --signed" sent a bogus nonce.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>OK</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>"git push --signed" sent the nonce we asked it to send.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>SLOP</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>"git push --signed" sent a nonce different from what we
|
|
asked it to send now, but in a previous session. See
|
|
<code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_SLOP</code> environment variable.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_SLOP</code></dt>
|
|
<dd>
|
|
<p>"git push --signed" sent a nonce different from what we
|
|
asked it to send now, but in a different session whose
|
|
starting time is different by this many seconds from the
|
|
current session. Only meaningful when
|
|
<code>GIT_PUSH_CERT_NONCE_STATUS</code> says <code>SLOP</code>.
|
|
Also read about <code>receive.certNonceSlop</code> variable in
|
|
<a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1).</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This hook is called before any refname is updated and before any
|
|
fast-forward checks are performed.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>If the pre-receive hook exits with a non-zero exit status no updates
|
|
will be performed, and the update, post-receive and post-update
|
|
hooks will not be invoked either. This can be useful to quickly
|
|
bail out if the update is not to be supported.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>See the notes on the quarantine environment below.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_update_hook">UPDATE HOOK</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Before each ref is updated, if $GIT_DIR/hooks/update file exists
|
|
and is executable, it is invoked once per ref, with three parameters:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>$GIT_DIR/hooks/update refname sha1-old sha1-new</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The refname parameter is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
|
|
head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 arguments are
|
|
the object names for the refname before and after the update.
|
|
Note that the hook is called before the refname is updated,
|
|
so either sha1-old is 0{40} (meaning there is no such ref yet),
|
|
or it should match what is recorded in refname.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The hook should exit with non-zero status if it wants to disallow
|
|
updating the named ref. Otherwise it should exit with zero.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Successful execution (a zero exit status) of this hook does not
|
|
ensure the ref will actually be updated, it is only a prerequisite.
|
|
As such it is not a good idea to send notices (e.g. email) from
|
|
this hook. Consider using the post-receive hook instead.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_post_receive_hook">POST-RECEIVE HOOK</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>After all refs were updated (or attempted to be updated), if any
|
|
ref update was successful, and if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-receive
|
|
file exists and is executable, it will be invoked once with no
|
|
parameters. The standard input of the hook will be one line
|
|
for each successfully updated ref:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>sha1-old SP sha1-new SP refname LF</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The refname value is relative to $GIT_DIR; e.g. for the master
|
|
head this is "refs/heads/master". The two sha1 values before
|
|
each refname are the object names for the refname before and after
|
|
the update. Refs that were created will have sha1-old equal to
|
|
0{40}, while refs that were deleted will have sha1-new equal to
|
|
0{40}, otherwise sha1-old and sha1-new should be valid objects in
|
|
the repository.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The <code>GIT_PUSH_CERT*</code> environment variables can be inspected, just as
|
|
in <code>pre-receive</code> hook, after accepting a signed push.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Using this hook, it is easy to generate mails describing the updates
|
|
to the repository. This example script sends one mail message per
|
|
ref listing the commits pushed to the repository, and logs the push
|
|
certificates of signed pushes with good signatures to a logger
|
|
service:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>#!/bin/sh
|
|
# mail out commit update information.
|
|
while read oval nval ref
|
|
do
|
|
if expr "$oval" : '0*$' >/dev/null
|
|
then
|
|
echo "Created a new ref, with the following commits:"
|
|
git rev-list --pretty "$nval"
|
|
else
|
|
echo "New commits:"
|
|
git rev-list --pretty "$nval" "^$oval"
|
|
fi |
|
|
mail -s "Changes to ref $ref" commit-list@mydomain
|
|
done
|
|
# log signed push certificate, if any
|
|
if test -n "${GIT_PUSH_CERT-}" && test ${GIT_PUSH_CERT_STATUS} = G
|
|
then
|
|
(
|
|
echo expected nonce is ${GIT_PUSH_NONCE}
|
|
git cat-file blob ${GIT_PUSH_CERT}
|
|
) | mail -s "push certificate from $GIT_PUSH_CERT_SIGNER" push-log@mydomain
|
|
fi
|
|
exit 0</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored, however a
|
|
non-zero exit code will generate an error message.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Note that it is possible for refname to not have sha1-new when this
|
|
hook runs. This can easily occur if another user modifies the ref
|
|
after it was updated by <em>git-receive-pack</em>, but before the hook was able
|
|
to evaluate it. It is recommended that hooks rely on sha1-new
|
|
rather than the current value of refname.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_post_update_hook">POST-UPDATE HOOK</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>After all other processing, if at least one ref was updated, and
|
|
if $GIT_DIR/hooks/post-update file exists and is executable, then
|
|
post-update will be called with the list of refs that have been updated.
|
|
This can be used to implement any repository wide cleanup tasks.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>The exit code from this hook invocation is ignored; the only thing
|
|
left for <em>git-receive-pack</em> to do at that point is to exit itself
|
|
anyway.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This hook can be used, for example, to run <code>git update-server-info</code>
|
|
if the repository is packed and is served via a dumb transport.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="literalblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre>#!/bin/sh
|
|
exec git update-server-info</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_quarantine_environment">QUARANTINE ENVIRONMENT</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>When <code>receive-pack</code> takes in objects, they are placed into a temporary
|
|
"quarantine" directory within the <code>$GIT_DIR/objects</code> directory and
|
|
migrated into the main object store only after the <code>pre-receive</code> hook
|
|
has completed. If the push fails before then, the temporary directory is
|
|
removed entirely.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This has a few user-visible effects and caveats:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Pushes which fail due to problems with the incoming pack, missing
|
|
objects, or due to the <code>pre-receive</code> hook will not leave any
|
|
on-disk data. This is usually helpful to prevent repeated failed
|
|
pushes from filling up your disk, but can make debugging more
|
|
challenging.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Any objects created by the <code>pre-receive</code> hook will be created in
|
|
the quarantine directory (and migrated only if it succeeds).</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>The <code>pre-receive</code> hook MUST NOT update any refs to point to
|
|
quarantined objects. Other programs accessing the repository will
|
|
not be able to see the objects (and if the pre-receive hook fails,
|
|
those refs would become corrupted). For safety, any ref updates
|
|
from within <code>pre-receive</code> are automatically rejected.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p><a href="git-send-pack.html">git-send-pack</a>(1), <a href="gitnamespaces.html">gitnamespaces</a>(7)</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git</a>(1) suite</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="footer">
|
|
<div id="footer-text">
|
|
Last updated 2019-02-26 19:31:11 UTC
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html> |