581 lines
35 KiB
HTML
581 lines
35 KiB
HTML
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<title>How to integrate new subcommands</title>
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#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
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body.book #header{text-align:center}
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body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em}
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body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
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body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
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body.book #header .details br+span::before{content:none!important}
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body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
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body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
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.show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
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#footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:.9em}}
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@media amzn-kf8{#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{padding:0}}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body class="article">
|
|
<div id="header">
|
|
<h1>How to integrate new subcommands</h1>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="content">
|
|
<div id="preamble">
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This is how-to documentation for people who want to add extension
|
|
commands to Git. It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_runtime_environment">Runtime environment</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Git subcommands are standalone executables that live in the Git exec
|
|
path, normally /usr/lib/git-core. The git executable itself is a
|
|
thin wrapper that knows where the subcommands live, and runs them by
|
|
passing command-line arguments to them.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>(If "git foo" is not found in the Git exec path, the wrapper
|
|
will look in the rest of your $PATH for it. Thus, it’s possible
|
|
to write local Git extensions that don’t live in system space.)</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_implementation_languages">Implementation languages</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Most subcommands are written in C or shell. A few are written in
|
|
Perl.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>While we strongly encourage coding in portable C for portability,
|
|
these specific scripting languages are also acceptable. We won’t
|
|
accept more without a very strong technical case, as we don’t want
|
|
to broaden the Git suite’s required dependencies. Import utilities,
|
|
surgical tools, remote helpers and other code at the edges of the
|
|
Git suite are more lenient and we allow Python (and even Tcl/tk),
|
|
but they should not be used for core functions.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>This may change in the future. Especially Python is not allowed in
|
|
core because we need better Python integration in the Git Windows
|
|
installer before we can be confident people in that environment
|
|
won’t experience an unacceptably large loss of capability.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>C commands are normally written as single modules, named after the
|
|
command, that link a collection of functions called libgit. Thus,
|
|
your command <em>git-foo</em> would normally be implemented as a single
|
|
"git-foo.c" (or "builtin/foo.c" if it is to be linked to the main
|
|
binary); this organization makes it easy for people reading the code
|
|
to find things.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>See the CodingGuidelines document for other guidance on what we consider
|
|
good practice in C and shell, and api-builtin.txt for the support
|
|
functions available to built-in commands written in C.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_what_every_extension_command_needs">What every extension command needs</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>You must have a man page, written in asciidoc (this is what Git help
|
|
followed by your subcommand name will display). Be aware that there is
|
|
a local asciidoc configuration and macros which you should use. It’s
|
|
often helpful to start by cloning an existing page and replacing the
|
|
text content.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>You must have a test, written to report in TAP (Test Anything Protocol).
|
|
Tests are executables (usually shell scripts) that live in the <em>t</em>
|
|
subdirectory of the tree. Each test name begins with <em>t</em> and a sequence
|
|
number that controls where in the test sequence it will be executed;
|
|
conventionally the rest of the name stem is that of the command
|
|
being tested.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Read the file t/README to learn more about the conventions to be used
|
|
in writing tests, and the test support library.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_integrating_a_command">Integrating a command</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Here are the things you need to do when you want to merge a new
|
|
subcommand into the Git tree.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="olist arabic">
|
|
<ol class="arabic">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Don’t forget to sign off your patch!</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Append your command name to one of the variables BUILTIN_OBJS,
|
|
EXTRA_PROGRAMS, SCRIPT_SH, SCRIPT_PERL or SCRIPT_PYTHON.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Drop its test in the t directory.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>If your command is implemented in an interpreted language with a
|
|
p-code intermediate form, make sure .gitignore in the main directory
|
|
includes a pattern entry that ignores such files. Python .pyc and
|
|
.pyo files will already be covered.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>If your command has any dependency on a particular version of
|
|
your language, document it in the INSTALL file.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>There is a file command-list.txt in the distribution main directory
|
|
that categorizes commands by type, so they can be listed in appropriate
|
|
subsections in the documentation’s summary command list. Add an entry
|
|
for yours. To understand the categories, look at command-list.txt
|
|
in the main directory. If the new command is part of the typical Git
|
|
workflow and you believe it common enough to be mentioned in <em>git help</em>,
|
|
map this command to a common group in the column [common].</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Give the maintainer one paragraph to include in the RelNotes file
|
|
to describe the new feature; a good place to do so is in the cover
|
|
letter [PATCH 0/n].</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>That’s all there is to it.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="footer">
|
|
<div id="footer-text">
|
|
Last updated 2019-02-26 19:31:11 UTC
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