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(v1.4.0.9032) auto-data guessing for functions

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dr. M.S. (Matthijs) Berends 2020-12-07 16:06:42 +01:00
parent fdf29e6c5b
commit 1bdb136b3a
38 changed files with 455 additions and 353 deletions
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2
.github/workflows/check.yaml vendored
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@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ jobs:
- {os: ubuntu-16.04, r: '3.5', allowfail: false, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/xenial/latest"}
- {os: ubuntu-16.04, r: '3.4', allowfail: true, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/xenial/latest"}
- {os: ubuntu-16.04, r: '3.3', allowfail: true, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/xenial/latest"}
- {os: ubuntu-16.04, r: '3.2', allowfail: true, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/xenial/latest"}
# - {os: ubuntu-16.04, r: '3.2', allowfail: true, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/xenial/latest"}
# older R versions cannot be tested, since tidyverse only supports last 4 R x.x versions
env:
R_REMOTES_NO_ERRORS_FROM_WARNINGS: true

4
DESCRIPTION
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
Package: AMR
Version: 1.4.0.9031
Date: 2020-12-03
Version: 1.4.0.9032
Date: 2020-12-07
Title: Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis
Authors@R: c(
person(role = c("aut", "cre"),

32
NEWS.md
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@ -1,28 +1,29 @@
# AMR 1.4.0.9031
## <small>Last updated: 3 December 2020</small>
# AMR 1.4.0.9032
## <small>Last updated: 7 December 2020</small>
### New
* Function `is_new_episode()` to determine patient episodes which are not necessarily based on microorganisms. It also supports grouped variables with e.g. `mutate()`, `filter()` and `summarise()` of the `dplyr` package:
```r
library(dplyr)
example_isolates %>%
group_by(patient_id, hospital_id) %>%
filter(is_new_episode(date, episode_days = 60))
```
* Functions `mo_is_gram_negative()` and `mo_is_gram_positive()` as wrappers around `mo_gramstain()`. They always return `TRUE` or `FALSE` (except when the input is `NA` or the MO code is `UNKNOWN`), thus always return `FALSE` for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria. They can even determine the column with microorganisms themselves when used inside `dplyr` verbs:
```r
example_isolates %>%
filter(mo_is_gram_positive())
#> NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for mo_is_gram_positive()
```
* Function `mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()` to test for intrinsic resistance, based on [EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes v3.2](https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/) from 2020. As with the new `mo_is_gram_*()` functions, if you have the `dplyr` package installed the column with microorganisms will be automatically determined when used inside `dplyr` verbs:
```r
example_isolates %>%
filter(mo_is_intrinsic_resistant(ab = "Vancomycin"))
#> NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()
```
* Functions `mo_is_gram_negative()` and `mo_is_gram_positive()` as wrappers around `mo_gramstain()`. They always return `TRUE` or `FALSE` (except when the input is `NA` or the MO code is `UNKNOWN`), thus always return `FALSE` for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria.
* Function `mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()` to test for intrinsic resistance, based on [EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes v3.2](https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/) from 2020.
### Changed
* Reference data used for `as.rsi()` can now be set by the user, using the `reference_data` parameter. This allows for using own interpretation guidelines.
* Reference data used for `as.rsi()` can now be set by the user, using the `reference_data` parameter. This allows for using own interpretation guidelines. The user-set data must have the same structure as `rsi_translation`.
* Some functions are now context-aware when used inside `dplyr` verbs, such as `filter()`, `mutate()` and `summarise()`. This means that then the data parameter does not need to be set anymore. This is the case for the new functions `mo_is_gram_negative()`, `mo_is_gram_positive()`, `mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()` and for the existing functions `first_isolate()`, `key_antibiotics()`, `mdro()`, `brmo()`, `mrgn()`, `mdr_tb()`, `mdr_cmi2012()`, `eucast_exceptional_phenotypes()`. This was already the case for antibiotic selection functions (such as using `penicillins()` in `dplyr::select()`).
```r
# to select first isolates that are Gram-negative
# and view results of cephalosporins and aminoglycosides:
library(dplyr)
example_isolates %>%
filter(first_isolate(), mo_is_gram_negative()) %>%
select(mo, cephalosporins(), aminoglycosides()) %>%
as_tibble()
```
* For all function parameters in the code, it is now defined what the exact type of user input should be (inspired by the [`typed`](https://github.com/moodymudskipper/typed) package). If the user input for a certain function does not meet the requirements for a specific parameter (such as the class or length), an informative error will be thrown. This makes the package more robust and the use of it more reproducible and reliable. In total, more than 400 arguments were defined.
* Deprecated function `p_symbol()` that not really fits the scope of this package. It will be removed in a future version. See [here](https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/v1.4.0/R/p_symbol.R) for the source code to preserve it.
* Better determination of disk zones and MIC values when running `as.rsi()` on a data.frame
@ -33,6 +34,7 @@
* Fixed a bug where `mo_uncertainties()` would not return the results based on the MO matching score
* Fixed a bug where `as.mo()` would not return results for known laboratory codes for microorganisms
* Fixed a bug where `as.ab()` would sometimes fail
* If using `as.rsi()` on MICs or disk diffusion while there is intrinsic antimicrobial resistance, a warning will be thrown to remind about this
### Other
* All messages and warnings thrown by this package now break sentences on whole words

23
R/aa_helper_functions.R
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@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ word_wrap <- function(...,
msg <- gsub("\n", "*|*", msg, fixed = TRUE)
if (isTRUE(as_note)) {
msg <- paste0("NOTE: ", gsub("note:? ?", "", msg, ignore.case = TRUE))
msg <- paste0("NOTE: ", gsub("^note:? ?", "", msg, ignore.case = TRUE))
}
# we need to correct for already applied style, that adds text like "\033[31m\"
@ -510,6 +510,21 @@ meet_criteria <- function(object,
return(invisible())
}
get_current_data <- function(arg_name, call) {
# this mimics dplyr::cur_data_all for users that use our content-aware functions in dplyr verbs
cur_data_all_dplyr <- import_fn("cur_data_all", "dplyr", error_on_fail = FALSE)
if (is.null(cur_data_all_dplyr)) {
# dplyr not installed
stop_("argument `", arg_name, "` is missing, with no default", call = call)
}
tryCatch(cur_data_all_dplyr(),
# dplyr installed, but not used inside dplyr verb
error = function(e) stop_("argument `", arg_name, "` is missing with no default ",
"or function not used inside a valid dplyr verb",
# tryCatch adds 4 system calls, subtract them
call = call - 4))
}
has_colour <- function() {
# this is a base R version of crayon::has_color
enabled <- getOption("crayon.enabled")
@ -567,7 +582,7 @@ has_colour <- function() {
perl = TRUE)
}
# the crayon colours
# set colours if console has_colour()
try_colour <- function(..., before, after, collapse = " ") {
txt <- paste0(unlist(list(...)), collapse = collapse)
if (isTRUE(has_colour())) {
@ -611,7 +626,7 @@ font_grey <- function(..., collapse = " ") {
try_colour(..., before = "\033[38;5;249m", after = "\033[39m", collapse = collapse)
}
font_grey_bg <- function(..., collapse = " ") {
try_colour(..., before = "\033[48;5;253m", after = "\033[49m", collapse = collapse)
try_colour(..., before = "\033[48;5;255m", after = "\033[49m", collapse = collapse)
}
font_green_bg <- function(..., collapse = " ") {
try_colour(..., before = "\033[42m", after = "\033[49m", collapse = collapse)
@ -659,10 +674,12 @@ progress_ticker <- function(n = 1, n_min = 0, ...) {
}
set_clean_class <- function(x, new_class) {
# return the object with only the new class and no additional attributes where possible
if (is.null(x)) {
x <- NA_character_
}
if (is.factor(x)) {
# keep only levels and remove all other attributes
lvls <- levels(x)
attributes(x) <- NULL
levels(x) <- lvls

7
R/ab_class_selectors.R
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@ -179,10 +179,11 @@ ab_selector <- function(ab_class, function_name) {
message_("No antimicrobial agents of class ", ab_group, " found", examples, ".")
} else {
message_("Selecting ", ab_group, ": ",
paste(paste0("`", font_bold(agents, collapse = NULL),
"` (", ab_name(names(agents), tolower = TRUE, language = NULL), ")"),
paste(paste0("'", font_bold(agents, collapse = NULL),
"' (", ab_name(names(agents), tolower = TRUE, language = NULL), ")"),
collapse = ", "),
as_note = FALSE)
as_note = FALSE,
extra_indent = nchar(paste0("Selecting ", ab_group, ": ")))
}
unname(agents)
}

8
R/eucast_rules.R
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@ -620,8 +620,8 @@ eucast_rules <- function(x,
if (any(c("all", "other") %in% rules)) {
if (info == TRUE) {
cat(font_bold(paste0("\nRules by this AMR package (",
font_red(paste0("v", utils::packageVersion("AMR"), ", ",
format(utils::packageDate("AMR"), "%Y"))), "), see ?eucast_rules\n")))
font_red(paste0("v", utils::packageDescription("AMR")$Version, ", ",
format(utils::packageDescription("AMR")$Date, "%Y"))), "), see ?eucast_rules\n")))
}
ab_enzyme <- subset(antibiotics, name %like% "/")[, c("ab", "name")]
@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ eucast_rules <- function(x,
run_changes <- edit_rsi(x = x,
col_mo = col_mo,
to = "R",
rule = c(rule_current, "Other rules", "", paste0("Non-EUCAST: AMR package v", utils::packageVersion("AMR"))),
rule = c(rule_current, "Other rules", "", paste0("Non-EUCAST: AMR package v", utils::packageDescription("AMR")$Version)),
rows = which(as.rsi_no_warning(x[, cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab]]) == "R"),
cols = cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab],
last_verbose_info = verbose_info,
@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ eucast_rules <- function(x,
run_changes <- edit_rsi(x = x,
col_mo = col_mo,
to = "S",
rule = c(rule_current, "Other rules", "", paste0("Non-EUCAST: AMR package v", utils::packageVersion("AMR"))),
rule = c(rule_current, "Other rules", "", paste0("Non-EUCAST: AMR package v", utils::packageDescription("AMR")$Version)),
rows = which(as.rsi_no_warning(x[, cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$base_ab]]) == "S"),
cols = cols_ab[ab_enzyme[i, ]$ab],
last_verbose_info = verbose_info,

18
R/first_isolate.R
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@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
#'
#' Determine first (weighted) isolates of all microorganisms of every patient per episode and (if needed) per specimen type. To determine patient episodes not necessarily based on microorganisms, use [is_new_episode()] that also supports grouping with the `dplyr` package.
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable lifecycle
#' @param x a [data.frame] containing isolates.
#' @param x a [data.frame] containing isolates. Can be omitted when used inside `dplyr` verbs, such as `filter()`, `mutate()` and `summarise()`.
#' @param col_date column name of the result date (or date that is was received on the lab), defaults to the first column with a date class
#' @param col_patient_id column name of the unique IDs of the patients, defaults to the first column that starts with 'patient' or 'patid' (case insensitive)
#' @param col_mo column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see [as.mo()]), defaults to the first column of class [`mo`]. Values will be coerced using [as.mo()].
@ -45,7 +45,10 @@
#' @param info print progress
#' @param include_unknown logical to determine whether 'unknown' microorganisms should be included too, i.e. microbial code `"UNKNOWN"`, which defaults to `FALSE`. For WHONET users, this means that all records with organism code `"con"` (*contamination*) will be excluded at default. Isolates with a microbial ID of `NA` will always be excluded as first isolate.
#' @param ... parameters passed on to [first_isolate()] when using [filter_first_isolate()], or parameters passed on to [key_antibiotics()] when using [filter_first_weighted_isolate()]
#' @details The [first_isolate()] function is a wrapper around the [is_new_episode()] function, but more efficient for data sets containing microorganism codes or names.
#' @details
#' These functions are context-aware when used inside `dplyr` verbs, such as `filter()`, `mutate()` and `summarise()`. This means that then the `x` parameter can be omitted, please see *Examples*.
#'
#' The [first_isolate()] function is a wrapper around the [is_new_episode()] function, but more efficient for data sets containing microorganism codes or names.
#'
#' All isolates with a microbial ID of `NA` will be excluded as first isolate.
#'
@ -61,7 +64,7 @@
#' ```
#' x[first_isolate(x, ...), ]
#'
#' x %>% filter(first_isolate(x, ...))
#' x %>% filter(first_isolate(...))
#' ```
#'
#' The function [filter_first_weighted_isolate()] is essentially equal to:
@ -109,6 +112,8 @@
#'
#' # short-hand versions:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter(first_isolate())
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter_first_isolate()
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
@ -150,6 +155,9 @@ first_isolate <- function(x,
info = interactive(),
include_unknown = FALSE,
...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame") # also checks dimensions to be >0
meet_criteria(col_date, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE, is_in = colnames(x))
meet_criteria(col_patient_id, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE, is_in = colnames(x))
@ -425,7 +433,7 @@ first_isolate <- function(x,
message_(ifelse(include_unknown == TRUE, "Included ", "Excluded "),
format(sum(x$newvar_mo == "UNKNOWN", na.rm = TRUE),
decimal.mark = decimal.mark, big.mark = big.mark),
" isolates with a microbial ID 'UNKNOWN' (column `", font_bold(col_mo), "`)")
" isolates with a microbial ID 'UNKNOWN' (column '", font_bold(col_mo), "')")
}
x[which(x$newvar_mo == "UNKNOWN"), "newvar_first_isolate"] <- include_unknown
@ -433,7 +441,7 @@ first_isolate <- function(x,
if (any(is.na(x$newvar_mo)) & info == TRUE) {
message_("Excluded ", format(sum(is.na(x$newvar_mo), na.rm = TRUE),
decimal.mark = decimal.mark, big.mark = big.mark),
" isolates with a microbial ID 'NA' (column `", font_bold(col_mo), "`)")
" isolates with a microbial ID 'NA' (column '", font_bold(col_mo), "')")
}
x[which(is.na(x$newvar_mo)), "newvar_first_isolate"] <- FALSE

3
R/globals.R
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@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
# how to conduct AMR analysis: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/ #
# ==================================================================== #
globalVariables(c(".rowid",
globalVariables(c("...length", # for pm_group_split() on R 3.3
".rowid",
"ab",
"ab_txt",
"angle",

3
R/is_new_episode.R
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@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
#'
#' is_new_episode(example_isolates$date)
#' is_new_episode(example_isolates$date, episode_days = 60)
#'
#' #' \donttest{
#' if (require("dplyr")) {
#' # is_new_episode() can also be used in dplyr verbs to determine patient
#' # episodes based on any (combination of) grouping variables:
@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
#' group_by(patient_id, mo, hospital_id, ward_icu) %>%
#' mutate(flag_episode = is_new_episode(date))
#' }
#' }
is_new_episode <- function(x, episode_days = 365, ...) {
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = c("Date", "POSIXt"))
meet_criteria(episode_days, allow_class = c("numeric", "double", "integer"), has_length = 1)

26
R/key_antibiotics.R
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@ -25,9 +25,9 @@
#' Key antibiotics for first *weighted* isolates
#'
#' These function can be used to determine first isolates (see [first_isolate()]). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates will then be called first *weighted* isolates.
#' These function can be used to determine first isolates (see [first_isolate()]). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates can then be called first *weighted* isolates.
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable lifecycle
#' @param x a data.frame with antibiotics columns, like `AMX` or `amox`
#' @param x a [data.frame] with antibiotics columns, like `AMX` or `amox`. Can be omitted when used inside `dplyr` verbs, such as `filter()`, `mutate()` and `summarise()`.
#' @param y,z character vectors to compare
#' @inheritParams first_isolate
#' @param universal_1,universal_2,universal_3,universal_4,universal_5,universal_6 column names of **broad-spectrum** antibiotics, case-insensitive. See details for which antibiotics will be used at default (which are guessed with [guess_ab_col()]).
@ -35,7 +35,10 @@
#' @param GramNeg_1,GramNeg_2,GramNeg_3,GramNeg_4,GramNeg_5,GramNeg_6 column names of antibiotics for **Gram-negatives**, case-insensitive. See details for which antibiotics will be used at default (which are guessed with [guess_ab_col()]).
#' @param warnings give a warning about missing antibiotic columns (they will be ignored)
#' @param ... other parameters passed on to functions
#' @details The function [key_antibiotics()] returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using [key_antibiotics_equal()], to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (`"."`) by [key_antibiotics()] and ignored by [key_antibiotics_equal()].
#' @details
#' The [key_antibiotics()] function is context-aware when used inside `dplyr` verbs, such as `filter()`, `mutate()` and `summarise()`. This means that then the `x` parameter can be omitted, please see *Examples*.
#'
#' The function [key_antibiotics()] returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using [key_antibiotics_equal()], to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (`"."`) by [key_antibiotics()] and ignored by [key_antibiotics_equal()].
#'
#' The [first_isolate()] function only uses this function on the same microbial species from the same patient. Using this, e.g. an MRSA will be included after a susceptible *S. aureus* (MSSA) is found within the same patient episode. Without key antibiotic comparison it would not. See [first_isolate()] for more info.
#'
@ -77,30 +80,30 @@
#' # `example_isolates` is a dataset available in the AMR package.
#' # See ?example_isolates.
#'
#' # output of the `key_antibiotics` function could be like this:
#' # output of the `key_antibiotics()` function could be like this:
#' strainA <- "SSSRR.S.R..S"
#' strainB <- "SSSIRSSSRSSS"
#'
#' # can those strings can be compared with:
#' # those strings can be compared with:
#' key_antibiotics_equal(strainA, strainB)
#' # TRUE, because I is ignored (as well as missing values)
#'
#' key_antibiotics_equal(strainA, strainB, ignore_I = FALSE)
#' # FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th value differs
#' # FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th character differs
#'
#' \donttest{
#' if (require("dplyr")) {
#' # set key antibiotics to a new variable
#' my_patients <- example_isolates %>%
#' mutate(keyab = key_antibiotics(.)) %>%
#' mutate(keyab = key_antibiotics()) %>% # no need to define `x`
#' mutate(
#' # now calculate first isolates
#' first_regular = first_isolate(., col_keyantibiotics = FALSE),
#' first_regular = first_isolate(col_keyantibiotics = FALSE),
#' # and first WEIGHTED isolates
#' first_weighted = first_isolate(., col_keyantibiotics = "keyab")
#' first_weighted = first_isolate(col_keyantibiotics = "keyab")
#' )
#'
#' # Check the difference, in this data set it results in 7% more isolates:
#' # Check the difference, in this data set it results in a lot more isolates:
#' sum(my_patients$first_regular, na.rm = TRUE)
#' sum(my_patients$first_weighted, na.rm = TRUE)
#' }
@ -127,6 +130,9 @@ key_antibiotics <- function(x,
GramNeg_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "meropenem"),
warnings = TRUE,
...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(col_mo, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE, allow_NA = TRUE)
meet_criteria(universal_1, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE, allow_NA = TRUE)

2
R/like.R
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@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ like <- function(x, pattern, ignore.case = TRUE) {
# set to fixed if no regex found
fixed <- !any(is_possibly_regex(pattern))
if (ignore.case == TRUE) {
# set here, otherwise if fixed = TRUE, this warning will be thrown: argument 'ignore.case = TRUE' will be ignored
# set here, otherwise if fixed = TRUE, this warning will be thrown: argument `ignore.case = TRUE` will be ignored
x <- tolower(x)
pattern <- tolower(pattern)
}

84
R/mdro.R
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@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
#'
#' Determine which isolates are multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) according to international and national guidelines.
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable lifecycle
#' @param x a [data.frame] with antibiotics columns, like `AMX` or `amox`. Can be omitted when used inside `dplyr` verbs, such as `filter()`, `mutate()` and `summarise()`.
#' @param guideline a specific guideline to follow. When left empty, the publication by Magiorakos *et al.* (2012, Clinical Microbiology and Infection) will be followed, please see *Details*.
#' @inheritParams eucast_rules
#' @param pct_required_classes minimal required percentage of antimicrobial classes that must be available per isolate, rounded down. For example, with the default guideline, 17 antimicrobial classes must be available for *S. aureus*. Setting this `pct_required_classes` argument to `0.5` (default) means that for every *S. aureus* isolate at least 8 different classes must be available. Any lower number of available classes will return `NA` for that isolate.
@ -34,23 +35,36 @@
#' @param verbose a logical to turn Verbose mode on and off (default is off). In Verbose mode, the function does not return the MDRO results, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which isolates would be MDRO-positive, or why they are not.
#' @inheritSection eucast_rules Antibiotics
#' @details
#' These functions are context-aware when used inside `dplyr` verbs, such as `filter()`, `mutate()` and `summarise()`. This means that then the `x` parameter can be omitted, please see *Examples*.
#'
#' For the `pct_required_classes` argument, values above 1 will be divided by 100. This is to support both fractions (`0.75` or `3/4`) and percentages (`75`).
#'
#' Currently supported guidelines are (case-insensitive):
#'
#' - `guideline = "CMI2012"`\cr
#' Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A *et al.* "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) ([link](https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext))
#' - `guideline = "EUCAST3.2"` (or simply `guideline = "EUCAST"`)\cr
#' The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" ([link](https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf))
#' - `guideline = "EUCAST3.1"`\cr
#' The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" ([link](https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf))
#' - `guideline = "TB"`\cr
#' The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" ([link](https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/))
#' - `guideline = "MRGN"`\cr
#' The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6
#' - `guideline = "BRMO"`\cr
#' The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" ([link](https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh))
#' * `guideline = "CMI2012"` (default)
#'
#' Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A *et al.* "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) ([link](https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext))
#'
#' * `guideline = "EUCAST3.2"` (or simply `guideline = "EUCAST"`)
#'
#' The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" ([link](https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf))
#'
#' * `guideline = "EUCAST3.1"`
#'
#' The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" ([link](https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf))
#'
#' * `guideline = "TB"`
#'
#' The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" ([link](https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/))
#'
#' * `guideline = "MRGN"`
#'
#' The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6
#'
#' * `guideline = "BRMO"`
#'
#' The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" ([link](https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh))
#'
#' Please suggest your own (country-specific) guidelines by letting us know: <https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new>.
#'
#' **Note:** Every test that involves the Enterobacteriaceae family, will internally be performed using its newly named *order* Enterobacterales, since the Enterobacteriaceae family has been taxonomically reclassified by Adeolu *et al.* in 2016. Before that, Enterobacteriaceae was the only family under the Enterobacteriales (with an i) order. All species under the old Enterobacteriaceae family are still under the new Enterobacterales (without an i) order, but divided into multiple families. The way tests are performed now by this [mdro()] function makes sure that results from before 2016 and after 2016 are identical.
@ -79,10 +93,12 @@
#' mdro() %>%
#' table()
#'
#' # no need to define `x` when used inside dplyr verbs:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' mutate(EUCAST = eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(.),
#' BRMO = brmo(.),
#' MRGN = mrgn(.))
#' mutate(MDRO = mdro(),
#' EUCAST = eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(),
#' BRMO = brmo(),
#' MRGN = mrgn())
#' }
#' }
mdro <- function(x,
@ -93,6 +109,9 @@ mdro <- function(x,
combine_SI = TRUE,
verbose = FALSE,
...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(guideline, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE)
meet_criteria(col_mo, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, is_in = colnames(x), allow_NULL = TRUE)
@ -175,24 +194,28 @@ mdro <- function(x,
guideline$author <- "Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A, Carey RB, ..., Vatopoulos A, Weber JT, Monnet DL"
guideline$version <- "N/A"
guideline$source <- "Clinical Microbiology and Infection 18:3, 2012. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x"
} else if (guideline$code == "eucast3.2") {
guideline$name <- "EUCAST Expert Rules, \"Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes\""
guideline$author <- "EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing)"
guideline$version <- "3.2, 2020"
guideline$source <- "https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf"
guideline$type <- "MDRs/XDRs/PDRs"
} else if (guideline$code == "eucast3.1") {
guideline$name <- "EUCAST Expert Rules, \"Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables\""
guideline$author <- "EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing)"
guideline$version <- "3.1, 2016"
guideline$source <- "https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf"
guideline$type <- "EUCAST Exceptional Phenotypes"
} else if (guideline$code == "eucast3.2") {
guideline$name <- "EUCAST Expert Rules, \"Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes\""
guideline$author <- "EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing)"
guideline$version <- "3.2, 2020"
guideline$source <- "https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf"
guideline$type <- "EUCAST Unusual Phenotypes"
} else if (guideline$code == "tb") {
guideline$name <- "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis"
guideline$author <- "WHO (World Health Organization)"
guideline$version <- "WHO/HTM/TB/2014.11, 2014"
guideline$source <- "https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/"
guideline$type <- "MDR-TB's"
# support per country:
} else if (guideline$code == "mrgn") {
@ -200,12 +223,14 @@ mdro <- function(x,
guideline$author <- "M\u00fcller J, Voss A, K\u00f6ck R, ..., Kern WV, Wendt C, Friedrich AW"
guideline$version <- "N/A"
guideline$source <- "Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7, 2015. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6"
guideline$type <- "MRGNs"
} else if (guideline$code == "brmo") {
guideline$name <- "WIP-Richtlijn Bijzonder Resistente Micro-organismen (BRMO)"
guideline$author <- "RIVM (Rijksinstituut voor de Volksgezondheid)"
guideline$version <- "Revision as of December 2017"
guideline$source <- "https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH"
guideline$type <- "BRMOs"
} else {
stop("This guideline is currently unsupported: ", guideline$code, call. = FALSE)
}
@ -1194,7 +1219,7 @@ mdro <- function(x,
if (sum(!is.na(x$MDRO) == 0)) {
cat(font_bold(paste0("=> Found 0 MDROs since no isolates are covered by the guideline")))
} else {
cat(font_bold(paste0("=> Found ", sum(x$MDRO %in% c(2:5), na.rm = TRUE), " MDROs out of ", sum(!is.na(x$MDRO)),
cat(font_bold(paste0("=> Found ", sum(x$MDRO %in% c(2:5), na.rm = TRUE), " ", guideline$type, " out of ", sum(!is.na(x$MDRO)),
" isolates (", trimws(percentage(sum(x$MDRO %in% c(2:5), na.rm = TRUE) / sum(!is.na(x$MDRO)))), ")\n")))
}
}
@ -1255,6 +1280,9 @@ mdro <- function(x,
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
brmo <- function(x, guideline = "BRMO", ...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(guideline, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1)
mdro(x, guideline = "BRMO", ...)
@ -1263,6 +1291,9 @@ brmo <- function(x, guideline = "BRMO", ...) {
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
mrgn <- function(x, guideline = "MRGN", ...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(guideline, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1)
mdro(x = x, guideline = "MRGN", ...)
@ -1271,6 +1302,9 @@ mrgn <- function(x, guideline = "MRGN", ...) {
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
mdr_tb <- function(x, guideline = "TB", ...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(guideline, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1)
mdro(x = x, guideline = "TB", ...)
@ -1279,6 +1313,9 @@ mdr_tb <- function(x, guideline = "TB", ...) {
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
mdr_cmi2012 <- function(x, guideline = "CMI2012", ...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(guideline, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1)
mdro(x = x, guideline = "CMI2012", ...)
@ -1287,6 +1324,9 @@ mdr_cmi2012 <- function(x, guideline = "CMI2012", ...) {
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
eucast_exceptional_phenotypes <- function(x, guideline = "EUCAST", ...) {
if (missing(x)) {
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(guideline, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1)
mdro(x = x, guideline = "EUCAST", ...)

44
R/mo_property.R
View File

@ -372,11 +372,9 @@ mo_is_intrinsic_resistant <- function(x, ab, language = get_locale(), ...) {
meet_criteria(ab, allow_NA = FALSE)
meet_criteria(language, has_length = 1, is_in = c(LANGUAGES_SUPPORTED, ""), allow_NULL = TRUE, allow_NA = TRUE)
x.mo <- as.mo(x, language = language, ...)
x <- mo_name(x.mo, language = NULL) # has to match intrinsic_resistant$microorganism
ab <- ab_name(ab, language = NULL, # has to match intrinsic_resistant$antibiotic
flag_multiple_results = FALSE,
info = FALSE)
x <- as.mo(x, language = language, ...)
ab <- as.ab(ab, language = NULL, flag_multiple_results = FALSE, info = FALSE)
if (length(x) == 1 & length(ab) > 1) {
x <- rep(x, length(ab))
} else if (length(ab) == 1 & length(x) > 1) {
@ -389,15 +387,13 @@ mo_is_intrinsic_resistant <- function(x, ab, language = get_locale(), ...) {
# show used version number once per session
if (is.null(getOption("AMR_intrinsic_resistance_note", NULL))) {
message_("Determining intrinsic resistance based on ",
AMR:::format_eucast_version_nr(3.2, FALSE), ". ",
font_bold("This message is shown once per session."))
format_eucast_version_nr(3.2, FALSE), ". ",
font_bold("This note is shown only once per session."))
options(AMR_intrinsic_resistance_note = "shown")
}
# this saves about 50% in calculation time
intrinsic_to_check <- intrinsic_resistant[which(intrinsic_resistant$microorganism %in% x |
intrinsic_resistant$antibiotic %in% ab), , drop = FALSE]
paste(x, ab) %in% paste(intrinsic_to_check$microorganism, intrinsic_to_check$antibiotic)
# runs against internal vector: INTRINSIC_R (see zzz.R)
paste(x, ab) %in% INTRINSIC_R
}
#' @rdname mo_property
@ -616,23 +612,17 @@ mo_validate <- function(x, property, language, ...) {
}
find_mo_col <- function(fn) {
# this function tries to find an mo column using dplyr:::peek_mask() for mo_is_*() functions,
# this function tries to find an mo column using dplyr::cur_data_all() for mo_is_*() functions,
# which is useful when functions are used within dplyr verbs
peek_mask_dplyr <- import_fn("peek_mask", "dplyr", error_on_fail = FALSE)
if (!is.null(peek_mask_dplyr)) {
df <- NULL
mo <- NULL
try({
df <- as.data.frame(peek_mask_dplyr()$across_cols(), stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
mo <- suppressMessages(search_type_in_df(df, "mo"))
}, silent = TRUE)
if (!is.null(df) && !is.null(mo) && is.data.frame(df)) {
message_("Using column '", font_bold(mo), "' as input for ", fn, "()")
return(df[, mo, drop = TRUE])
} else {
stop_("Argument `x` is missing and no column with info about microorganisms could be found.", call = -2)
}
df <- get_current_data("x", call = -3) # will return an error if not found
mo <- NULL
try({
mo <- suppressMessages(search_type_in_df(df, "mo"))
}, silent = TRUE)
if (!is.null(df) && !is.null(mo) && is.data.frame(df)) {
message_("Using column '", font_bold(mo), "' as input for ", fn, "()")
return(df[, mo, drop = TRUE])
} else {
stop_("Argument `x` is missing.", call = -2)
stop_("argument `x` is missing and no column with info about microorganisms could be found.", call = -2)
}
}

28
R/rsi.R
View File

@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ as.rsi.mic <- function(x,
uti <- rep(uti, length(x))
}
message_("=> Interpreting MIC values of `", font_bold(ab), "` (",
message_("=> Interpreting MIC values of '", font_bold(ab), "' (",
ifelse(ab_coerced != ab, paste0(ab_coerced, ", "), ""),
ab_name(ab_coerced, tolower = TRUE), ")", mo_var_found,
" according to ", ifelse(identical(reference_data, AMR::rsi_translation),
@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ as.rsi.disk <- function(x,
uti <- rep(uti, length(x))
}
message_("=> Interpreting disk zones of `", font_bold(ab), "` (",
message_("=> Interpreting disk zones of '", font_bold(ab), "' (",
ifelse(ab_coerced != ab, paste0(ab_coerced, ", "), ""),
ab_name(ab_coerced, tolower = TRUE), ")", mo_var_found,
" according to ", ifelse(identical(reference_data, AMR::rsi_translation),
@ -720,22 +720,23 @@ exec_as.rsi <- function(method,
lookup_other <- paste(mo_other, ab)
if (all(trans$uti == TRUE, na.rm = TRUE) & all(uti == FALSE)) {
message_("WARNING.", add_fn = list(font_red, font_bold), as_note = FALSE)
message_("WARNING.", add_fn = list(font_yellow, font_bold), as_note = FALSE)
warning_("Interpretation of ", font_bold(ab_name(ab, tolower = TRUE)), " for some microorganisms is only available for (uncomplicated) urinary tract infections (UTI). Use parameter 'uti' to set which isolates are from urine. See ?as.rsi.", call = FALSE)
warned <- TRUE
}
any_is_intrinsic_resistant <- FALSE
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
if (isTRUE(add_intrinsic_resistance)) {
is_intrinsic_r <- paste(mo[i], ab) %in% INTRINSIC_R
any_is_intrinsic_resistant <- any_is_intrinsic_resistant | is_intrinsic_r
if (isTRUE(add_intrinsic_resistance) & is_intrinsic_r) {
if (!guideline_coerced %like% "EUCAST") {
warning_("Using 'add_intrinsic_resistance' is only useful when using EUCAST guidelines, since the rules for intrinsic resistance are based on EUCAST.", call = FALSE)
} else {
get_record <- subset(intrinsic_resistant,
microorganism == mo_name(mo[i], language = NULL) & antibiotic == ab_name(ab, language = NULL))
if (nrow(get_record) > 0) {
new_rsi[i] <- "R"
next
}
new_rsi[i] <- "R"
next
}
}
@ -795,6 +796,13 @@ exec_as.rsi <- function(method,
}
}
if (any_is_intrinsic_resistant & guideline_coerced %like% "EUCAST" & !isTRUE(add_intrinsic_resistance)) {
# found some intrinsic resistance, but was not applied
message_("WARNING.", add_fn = list(font_yellow, font_bold), as_note = FALSE)
warning_("Found intrinsic resistance in some bug/drug combinations, although it was not applied.\nUse `as.rsi(..., add_intrinsic_resistance = TRUE)` to apply it.", call = FALSE)
warned <- TRUE
}
new_rsi <- x_bak %pm>%
pm_left_join(data.frame(x_mo = paste0(df$x, df$mo), new_rsi,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),

10
R/zzz.R
View File

@ -36,6 +36,10 @@
value = create_MO.old_lookup(),
envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
assign(x = "INTRINSIC_R",
value = create_intr_resistance(),
envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
assign(x = "LANGUAGES_SUPPORTED",
value = sort(c("en", unique(translations_file$lang))),
envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
@ -86,6 +90,12 @@
font_bold("options(AMR_silentstart = TRUE)"), "]"))
}
create_intr_resistance <- function() {
# for mo_is_intrinsic_resistant() - saves a lot of time when executed on this vector
paste(AMR::microorganisms[match(AMR::intrinsic_resistant$microorganism, AMR::microorganisms$fullname), "mo", drop = TRUE],
AMR::antibiotics[match(AMR::intrinsic_resistant$antibiotic, AMR::antibiotics$name), "ab", drop = TRUE])
}
create_species_cons_cops <- function(type = c("CoNS", "CoPS")) {
# Determination of which staphylococcal species are CoNS/CoPS according to:
# - Becker et al. 2014, PMID 25278577

2
docs/404.html
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR//index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>

2
docs/LICENSE-text.html
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>

17
docs/articles/EUCAST.html
View File

@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9000</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -228,8 +228,17 @@
<span class="co"># mo ampicillin</span>
<span class="co"># 1 Klebsiella R</span>
<span class="co"># 2 Escherichia S</span></pre></div>
<p>EUCAST rules can not only be used for correction, they can also be used for filling in known resistance and susceptibility based on results of other antimicrobials drugs. This process is called <em>interpretive reading</em> and is part of the <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> function as well:</p>
<p>A more convenient function is <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</a></code> that uses the same guideline, but allows to check for one or more specific microorganisms or antibiotics:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella"</span>, <span class="st">"Escherichia"</span><span class="op">)</span>,
<span class="st">"ampicillin"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] TRUE FALSE</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Klebsiella"</span>,
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"ampicillin"</span>, <span class="st">"kanamycin"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] TRUE FALSE</span></pre></div>
<p>EUCAST rules can not only be used for correction, they can also be used for filling in known resistance and susceptibility based on results of other antimicrobials drugs. This process is called <em>interpretive reading</em>, is basically a form of imputation, and is part of the <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> function as well:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">data</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span>mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Staphylococcus aureus"</span>,
<span class="st">"Enterococcus faecalis"</span>,
<span class="st">"Escherichia coli"</span>,
@ -243,7 +252,7 @@
PEN <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"S"</span>, <span class="co"># Benzylenicillin</span>
FOX <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"S"</span>, <span class="co"># Cefoxitin</span>
stringsAsFactors <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">data</span></pre></div>
<table class="table">
<thead><tr class="header">
@ -309,7 +318,7 @@
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">data</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<table class="table">
<thead><tr class="header">

76
docs/articles/MDR.html
View File

@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9000</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -217,7 +217,11 @@
<p>Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A <em>et al.</em> “Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance.” Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) (<a href="https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext">link</a>)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>guideline = "EUCAST"</code></p>
<p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.2"</code> (or simply <code>guideline = "EUCAST"</code>)</p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 “Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes” (<a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf">link</a>)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.1"</code></p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 “Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables” (<a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf">link</a>)</p>
</li>
<li>
@ -226,13 +230,14 @@
</li>
<li>
<p><code>guideline = "MRGN"</code></p>
<p>The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6">link</a>)</p>
<p>The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>guideline = "BRMO"</code></p>
<p>The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu “WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) [ZKH]” (<a href="https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH">link</a>)</p>
<p>The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu “WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)” (<a href="https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh">link</a>)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Please suggest your own (country-specific) guidelines by letting us know: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new" class="uri">https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new</a>.</p>
</div>
<div id="examples" class="section level4">
<h4 class="hasAnchor">
@ -246,8 +251,8 @@
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># show frequency table of the result</span>
<span class="co"># Warning in mdro(.): NA introduced for isolates where the available percentage of</span>
<span class="co"># antimicrobial classes was below 50% (set with `pct_required_classes`)</span></pre></div>
<span class="co"># Warning in warning_("NA introduced for isolates where the available percentage of antimicrobial classes was below ", : NA introduced for isolates where the available percentage of antimicrobial</span>
<span class="co"># classes was below 50% (set with `pct_required_classes`)</span></pre></div>
<p><strong>Frequency table</strong></p>
<p>Class: factor &gt; ordered (numeric)<br>
Length: 2,000<br>
@ -313,26 +318,27 @@ Unique: 2</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_TB_data</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># rifampicin isoniazid gatifloxacin ethambutol pyrazinamide moxifloxacin</span>
<span class="co"># 1 R S S R R S</span>
<span class="co"># 2 I R S R S I</span>
<span class="co"># 3 R R S S S S</span>
<span class="co"># 4 R R S I S S</span>
<span class="co"># 5 S I R S R S</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S S S R S S</span>
<span class="co"># 1 S I R S R R</span>
<span class="co"># 2 R S S R I S</span>
<span class="co"># 3 I R I S R S</span>
<span class="co"># 4 I S S R S R</span>
<span class="co"># 5 R R S S R R</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S R I S S I</span>
<span class="co"># kanamycin</span>
<span class="co"># 1 S</span>
<span class="co"># 1 R</span>
<span class="co"># 2 S</span>
<span class="co"># 3 S</span>
<span class="co"># 4 S</span>
<span class="co"># 5 S</span>
<span class="co"># 6 R</span></pre></div>
<span class="co"># 4 R</span>
<span class="co"># 5 R</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S</span></pre></div>
<p>We can now add the interpretation of MDR-TB to our data set. You can use:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_TB_data</span>, guideline <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"TB"</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<p>or its shortcut <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdr_tb()</a></code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">my_TB_data</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">mdr</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdr_tb</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_TB_data</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># NOTE: No column found as input for `col_mo`, assuming all records contain Mycobacterium tuberculosis.</span></pre></div>
<span class="co"># NOTE: No column found as input for `col_mo`, assuming all records contain</span>
<span class="co"># Mycobacterium tuberculosis.</span></pre></div>
<p>Create a frequency table of the results:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_TB_data</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">mdr</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
@ -355,40 +361,40 @@ Unique: 5</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">Mono-resistant</td>
<td align="right">3262</td>
<td align="right">65.24%</td>
<td align="right">3262</td>
<td align="right">65.24%</td>
<td align="right">3313</td>
<td align="right">66.26%</td>
<td align="right">3313</td>
<td align="right">66.26%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">Negative</td>
<td align="right">664</td>
<td align="right">13.28%</td>
<td align="right">3926</td>
<td align="right">78.52%</td>
<td align="right">631</td>
<td align="right">12.62%</td>
<td align="right">3944</td>
<td align="right">78.88%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">3</td>
<td align="left">Multi-drug-resistant</td>
<td align="right">609</td>
<td align="right">12.18%</td>
<td align="right">4535</td>
<td align="right">90.70%</td>
<td align="right">575</td>
<td align="right">11.50%</td>
<td align="right">4519</td>
<td align="right">90.38%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="left">Poly-resistant</td>
<td align="right">283</td>
<td align="right">5.66%</td>
<td align="right">4818</td>
<td align="right">96.36%</td>
<td align="right">275</td>
<td align="right">5.50%</td>
<td align="right">4794</td>
<td align="right">95.88%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">5</td>
<td align="left">Extensively drug-resistant</td>
<td align="right">182</td>
<td align="right">3.64%</td>
<td align="right">206</td>
<td align="right">4.12%</td>
<td align="right">5000</td>
<td align="right">100.00%</td>
</tr>

2
docs/articles/index.html
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>

2
docs/authors.html
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>

2
docs/index.html
View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>

186
docs/news/index.html
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -236,13 +236,13 @@
<small>Source: <a href='https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/NEWS.md'><code>NEWS.md</code></a></small>
</div>
<div id="amr-1409031" class="section level1">
<h1 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.4.0.9031">
<a href="#amr-1409031" class="anchor"></a>AMR 1.4.0.9031<small> Unreleased </small>
<div id="amr-1409032" class="section level1">
<h1 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.4.0.9032">
<a href="#amr-1409032" class="anchor"></a>AMR 1.4.0.9032<small> Unreleased </small>
</h1>
<div id="last-updated-3-december-2020" class="section level2">
<div id="last-updated-7-december-2020" class="section level2">
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#last-updated-3-december-2020" class="anchor"></a><small>Last updated: 3 December 2020</small>
<a href="#last-updated-7-december-2020" class="anchor"></a><small>Last updated: 7 December 2020</small>
</h2>
<div id="new" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
@ -251,42 +251,42 @@
<li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/is_new_episode.html">is_new_episode()</a></code> to determine patient episodes which are not necessarily based on microorganisms. It also supports grouped variables with e.g. <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html">mutate()</a></code>, <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html">summarise()</a></code> of the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">group_by</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient_id</span>, <span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/filter.html">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/is_new_episode.html">is_new_episode</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_negative()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_positive()</a></code> as wrappers around <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain()</a></code>. They always return <code>TRUE</code> or <code>FALSE</code> (except when the input is <code>NA</code> or the MO code is <code>UNKNOWN</code>), thus always return <code>FALSE</code> for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria. They can even determine the column with microorganisms themselves when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/filter.html">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_positive</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for mo_is_gram_positive()</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</a></code> to test for intrinsic resistance, based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes v3.2</a> from 2020. As with the new <code>mo_is_gram_*()</code> functions, if you have the <code>dplyr</code> package installed the column with microorganisms will be automatically determined when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/filter.html">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant</a></span><span class="op">(</span>ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"Vancomycin"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</span></pre></div>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">patient_id</span>, <span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/is_new_episode.html">is_new_episode</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">date</span>, episode_days <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">60</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_negative()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_positive()</a></code> as wrappers around <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain()</a></code>. They always return <code>TRUE</code> or <code>FALSE</code> (except when the input is <code>NA</code> or the MO code is <code>UNKNOWN</code>), thus always return <code>FALSE</code> for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria.</p></li>
<li><p>Function <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</a></code> to test for intrinsic resistance, based on <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes v3.2</a> from 2020.</p></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="changed" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#changed" class="anchor"></a>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Reference data used for <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> can now be set by the user, using the <code>reference_data</code> parameter. This allows for using own interpretation guidelines.</li>
<li>For all function parameters in the code, it is now defined what the exact type of user input should be (inspired by the <a href="https://github.com/moodymudskipper/typed"><code>typed</code></a> package). If the user input for a certain function does not meet the requirements for a specific parameter (such as the class or length), an informative error will be thrown. This makes the package more robust and the use of it more reproducible and reliable. In total, more than 400 arguments were defined.</li>
<li>Deprecated function <code><a href="../reference/AMR-deprecated.html">p_symbol()</a></code> that not really fits the scope of this package. It will be removed in a future version. See <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/v1.4.0/R/p_symbol.R">here</a> for the source code to preserve it.</li>
<li>Better determination of disk zones and MIC values when running <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> on a data.frame</li>
<li>Updated coagulase-negative staphylococci determination with Becker <em>et al.</em> 2020 (PMID 32056452), meaning that the species <em>S. argensis</em>, <em>S. caeli</em>, <em>S. debuckii</em>, <em>S. edaphicus</em> and <em>S. pseudoxylosus</em> are now all considered CoNS</li>
<li>Fix for using parameter <code>reference_df</code> in <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> and <code>mo_*()</code> functions that contain old microbial codes (from previous package versions)</li>
<li>Fix for using <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> on a data.frame in older R versions</li>
<li><p>Reference data used for <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> can now be set by the user, using the <code>reference_data</code> parameter. This allows for using own interpretation guidelines. The user-set data must have the same structure as <code>rsi_translation</code>.</p></li>
<li>
<code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> on a data.frame will not print a message anymore if the values are already clean R/SI values</li>
<li>Fixed a bug where <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">mo_uncertainties()</a></code> would not return the results based on the MO matching score</li>
<li>Fixed a bug where <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> would not return results for known laboratory codes for microorganisms</li>
<li>Fixed a bug where <code><a href="../reference/as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code> would sometimes fail</li>
<p>Some functions are now context-aware when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter()</a></code>, <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html">mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html">summarise()</a></code>. This means that then the data parameter does not need to be set anymore. This is the case for the new functions <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_negative()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_positive()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()</a></code> and for the existing functions <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/key_antibiotics.html">key_antibiotics()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">brmo()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mrgn()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdr_tb()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdr_cmi2012()</a></code>, <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">eucast_exceptional_phenotypes()</a></code>. This was already the case for antibiotic selection functions (such as using <code><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">penicillins()</a></code> in <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">dplyr::select()</a></code>).</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># to select first isolates that are Gram-negative </span>
<span class="co"># and view results of cephalosporins and aminoglycosides:</span>
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_is_gram_negative</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">cephalosporins</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/antibiotic_class_selectors.html">aminoglycosides</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://tibble.tidyverse.org/reference/as_tibble.html">as_tibble</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>For all function parameters in the code, it is now defined what the exact type of user input should be (inspired by the <a href="https://github.com/moodymudskipper/typed"><code>typed</code></a> package). If the user input for a certain function does not meet the requirements for a specific parameter (such as the class or length), an informative error will be thrown. This makes the package more robust and the use of it more reproducible and reliable. In total, more than 400 arguments were defined.</p></li>
<li><p>Deprecated function <code><a href="../reference/AMR-deprecated.html">p_symbol()</a></code> that not really fits the scope of this package. It will be removed in a future version. See <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/v1.4.0/R/p_symbol.R">here</a> for the source code to preserve it.</p></li>
<li><p>Better determination of disk zones and MIC values when running <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> on a data.frame</p></li>
<li><p>Updated coagulase-negative staphylococci determination with Becker <em>et al.</em> 2020 (PMID 32056452), meaning that the species <em>S. argensis</em>, <em>S. caeli</em>, <em>S. debuckii</em>, <em>S. edaphicus</em> and <em>S. pseudoxylosus</em> are now all considered CoNS</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for using parameter <code>reference_df</code> in <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> and <code>mo_*()</code> functions that contain old microbial codes (from previous package versions)</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for using <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> on a data.frame in older R versions</p></li>
<li><p><code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> on a data.frame will not print a message anymore if the values are already clean R/SI values</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a bug where <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">mo_uncertainties()</a></code> would not return the results based on the MO matching score</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a bug where <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo()</a></code> would not return results for known laboratory codes for microorganisms</p></li>
<li><p>Fixed a bug where <code><a href="../reference/as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code> would sometimes fail</p></li>
<li><p>If using <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> on MICs or disk diffusion while there is intrinsic antimicrobial resistance, a warning will be thrown to remind about this</p></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="other" class="section level3">
@ -313,7 +313,7 @@
<li>
<p>Data set <code>intrinsic_resistant</code>. This data set contains all bug-drug combinations where the ‘bug’ is intrinsic resistant to the ‘drug’ according to the latest EUCAST insights. It contains just two columns: <code>microorganism</code> and <code>antibiotic</code>.</p>
<p>Curious about which enterococci are actually intrinsic resistant to vancomycin?</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/">AMR</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">intrinsic_resistant</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
<ul>
<li>
<p>Support for using <code>dplyr</code>’s <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/across.html">across()</a></code> to interpret MIC values or disk zone diameters, which also automatically determines the column with microorganism names or codes.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># until dplyr 1.0.0</span>
<span class="va">your_data</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html">mutate_if</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">is.mic</span>, <span class="va">as.rsi</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">your_data</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html">mutate_if</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">is.disk</span>, <span class="va">as.rsi</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
</li>
<li>
<p>Added intelligent data cleaning to <code><a href="../reference/as.disk.html">as.disk()</a></code>, so numbers can also be extracted from text and decimal numbers will always be rounded up:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.disk.html">as.disk</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"disk zone: 23.4 mm"</span>, <span class="fl">23.4</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; Class &lt;disk&gt;</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] 24 24</span></pre></div>
@ -412,7 +412,7 @@
<li><p>Function <code><a href="../reference/ab_from_text.html">ab_from_text()</a></code> to retrieve antimicrobial drug names, doses and forms of administration from clinical texts in e.g. health care records, which also corrects for misspelling since it uses <code><a href="../reference/as.ab.html">as.ab()</a></code> internally</p></li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://tidyselect.r-lib.org/reference/language.html">Tidyverse selection helpers</a> for antibiotic classes, that help to select the columns of antibiotics that are of a specific antibiotic class, without the need to define the columns or antibiotic abbreviations. They can be used in any function that allows selection helpers, like <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">dplyr::select()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://tidyr.tidyverse.org/reference/pivot_longer.html">tidyr::pivot_longer()</a></code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Columns 'IPM' and 'MEM' are in the example_isolates data set</span>
@ -496,7 +496,7 @@
<p>Making this package independent of especially the tidyverse (e.g. packages <code>dplyr</code> and <code>tidyr</code>) tremendously increases sustainability on the long term, since tidyverse functions change quite often. Good for users, but hard for package maintainers. Most of our functions are replaced with versions that only rely on base R, which keeps this package fully functional for many years to come, without requiring a lot of maintenance to keep up with other packages anymore. Another upside it that this package can now be used with all versions of R since R-3.0.0 (April 2013). Our package is being used in settings where the resources are very limited. Fewer dependencies on newer software is helpful for such settings.</p>
<p>Negative effects of this change are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Function <code>freq()</code> that was borrowed from the <code>cleaner</code> package was removed. Use <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">cleaner::freq()</a></code>, or run <code><a href="https://github.com/msberends/cleaner">library("cleaner")</a></code> before you use <code>freq()</code>.</li>
<li>Function <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> that was borrowed from the <code>cleaner</code> package was removed. Use <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">cleaner::freq()</a></code>, or run <code><a href="https://github.com/msberends/cleaner">library("cleaner")</a></code> before you use <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code>.</li>
<li><del>Printing values of class <code>mo</code> or <code>rsi</code> in a tibble will no longer be in colour and printing <code>rsi</code> in a tibble will show the class <code>&lt;ord&gt;</code>, not <code>&lt;rsi&gt;</code> anymore. This is purely a visual effect.</del></li>
<li><del>All functions from the <code>mo_*</code> family (like <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain()</a></code>) are noticeably slower when running on hundreds of thousands of rows.</del></li>
<li>For developers: classes <code>mo</code> and <code>ab</code> now both also inherit class <code>character</code>, to support any data transformation. This change invalidates code that checks for class length == 1.</li>
@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Fixed important floating point error for some MIC comparisons in EUCAST 2020 guideline</p></li>
<li>
<p>Interpretation from MIC values (and disk zones) to R/SI can now be used with <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html">mutate_at()</a></code> of the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">yourdata</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html">mutate_at</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/vars.html">vars</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">antibiotic1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="va">antibiotic25</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">as.rsi</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"E. coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>
<p>Support for LOINC codes in the <code>antibiotics</code> data set. Use <code><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_loinc()</a></code> to retrieve LOINC codes, or use a LOINC code for input in any <code>ab_*</code> function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_loinc</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"ampicillin"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] "21066-6" "3355-5" "33562-0" "33919-2" "43883-8" "43884-6" "87604-5"</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_name</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"21066-6"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for SNOMED CT codes in the <code>microorganisms</code> data set. Use <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_snomed()</a></code> to retrieve SNOMED codes, or use a SNOMED code for input in any <code>mo_*</code> function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_snomed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S. aureus"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; [1] 115329001 3092008 113961008</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">115329001</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -702,10 +702,10 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>
<p>If you were dependent on the old Enterobacteriaceae family e.g. by using in your code:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_family</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">somebugs</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Enterobacteriaceae"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">...</span></pre></div>
<p>then please adjust this to:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">if</span> <span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_order</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">somebugs</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="st">"Enterobacterales"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="va">...</span></pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>
<p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">susceptibility()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">resistance()</a></code> as aliases of <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_SI()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_R()</a></code>, respectively. These functions were added to make it more clear that “I” should be considered susceptible and not resistant.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span>bug <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -746,7 +746,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>More intelligent way of coping with some consonants like “l” and “r”</p></li>
<li>
<p>Added a score (a certainty percentage) to <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">mo_uncertainties()</a></code>, that is calculated using the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance">Levenshtein distance</a>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Stafylococcus aureus"</span>,
<span class="st">"staphylokok aureuz"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; Warning: </span>
@ -804,13 +804,13 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>
<p>Determination of first isolates now <strong>excludes</strong> all ‘unknown’ microorganisms at default, i.e. microbial code <code>"UNKNOWN"</code>. They can be included with the new parameter <code>include_unknown</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">...</span>, include_unknown <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<p>For WHONET users, this means that all records/isolates with organism code <code>"con"</code> (<em>contamination</em>) will be excluded at default, since <code>as.mo("con") = "UNKNOWN"</code>. The function always shows a note with the number of ‘unknown’ microorganisms that were included or excluded.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>For code consistency, classes <code>ab</code> and <code>mo</code> will now be preserved in any subsetting or assignment. For the sake of data integrity, this means that invalid assignments will now result in <code>NA</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># how it works in base R:</span>
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/factor.html">factor</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"A"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">x</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">]</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="st">"B"</span>
@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="co">#&gt; invalid microorganism code, NA generated</span></pre></div>
<p>This is important, because a value like <code>"testvalue"</code> could never be understood by e.g. <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name()</a></code>, although the class would suggest a valid microbial code.</p>
</li>
<li><p>Function <code>freq()</code> has moved to a new package, <a href="https://github.com/msberends/clean"><code>clean</code></a> (<a href="https://cran.r-project.org/package=clean">CRAN link</a>), since creating frequency tables actually does not fit the scope of this package. The <code>freq()</code> function still works, since it is re-exported from the <code>clean</code> package (which will be installed automatically upon updating this <code>AMR</code> package).</p></li>
<li><p>Function <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> has moved to a new package, <a href="https://github.com/msberends/clean"><code>clean</code></a> (<a href="https://cran.r-project.org/package=clean">CRAN link</a>), since creating frequency tables actually does not fit the scope of this package. The <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> function still works, since it is re-exported from the <code>clean</code> package (which will be installed automatically upon updating this <code>AMR</code> package).</p></li>
<li><p>Renamed data set <code>septic_patients</code> to <code>example_isolates</code></p></li>
</ul>
</div>
@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/bug_drug_combinations.html">bug_drug_combinations()</a></code> to quickly get a <code>data.frame</code> with the results of all bug-drug combinations in a data set. The column containing microorganism codes is guessed automatically and its input is transformed with <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_shortname()</a></code> at default:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/bug_drug_combinations.html">bug_drug_combinations</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">example_isolates</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for `col_mo`.</span>
<span class="va">x</span><span class="op">[</span><span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="fl">4</span>, <span class="op">]</span>
@ -856,12 +856,12 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="co">#&gt; 4 Gram-negative AMX 227 0 405 632</span>
<span class="co">#&gt; NOTE: Use 'format()' on this result to get a publicable/printable format.</span></pre></div>
<p>You can format this to a printable format, ready for reporting or exporting to e.g. Excel with the base R <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/format.html">format()</a></code> function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/format.html">format</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, combine_IR <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Additional way to calculate co-resistance, i.e. when using multiple antimicrobials as input for <code>portion_*</code> functions or <code>count_*</code> functions. This can be used to determine the empiric susceptibility of a combination therapy. A new parameter <code>only_all_tested</code> (<strong>which defaults to <code>FALSE</code></strong>) replaces the old <code>also_single_tested</code> and can be used to select one of the two methods to count isolates and calculate portions. The difference can be seen in this example table (which is also on the <code>portion</code> and <code>count</code> help pages), where the %SI is being determined:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb18"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># --------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="co"># only_all_tested = FALSE only_all_tested = TRUE</span>
<span class="co"># ----------------------- -----------------------</span>
@ -882,7 +882,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p><code>tibble</code> printing support for classes <code>rsi</code>, <code>mic</code>, <code>disk</code>, <code>ab</code> <code>mo</code>. When using <code>tibble</code>s containing antimicrobial columns, values <code>S</code> will print in green, values <code>I</code> will print in yellow and values <code>R</code> will print in red. Microbial IDs (class <code>mo</code>) will emphasise on the genus and species, not on the kingdom.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># (run this on your own console, as this page does not support colour printing)</span>
<span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org">dplyr</a></span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">example_isolates</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -964,7 +964,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>
<p>Function <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">rsi_df()</a></code> to transform a <code>data.frame</code> to a data set containing only the microbial interpretation (S, I, R), the antibiotic, the percentage of S/I/R and the number of available isolates. This is a convenient combination of the existing functions <code><a href="../reference/count.html">count_df()</a></code> and <code>portion_df()</code> to immediately show resistance percentages and number of available isolates:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AMX</span>, <span class="va">CIP</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/proportion.html">rsi_df</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>UPEC (Uropathogenic <em>E. coli</em>)</li>
</ul>
<p>All these lead to the microbial ID of <em>E. coli</em>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb21"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"UPEC"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># B_ESCHR_COL</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"UPEC"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1087,21 +1087,21 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>The <code><a href="../reference/age.html">age()</a></code> function gained a new parameter <code>exact</code> to determine ages with decimals</li>
<li>Removed deprecated functions <code>guess_mo()</code>, <code>guess_atc()</code>, <code>EUCAST_rules()</code>, <code>interpretive_reading()</code>, <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">rsi()</a></code>
</li>
<li>Frequency tables (<code>freq()</code>):
<li>Frequency tables (<code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code>):
<ul>
<li><p>speed improvement for microbial IDs</p></li>
<li><p>fixed factor level names for R Markdown</p></li>
<li><p>when all values are unique it now shows a message instead of a warning</p></li>
<li>
<p>support for boxplots:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb22"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/boxplot.html">boxplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># grouped boxplots:</span>
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/boxplot.html">boxplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Added ceftazidim intrinsic resistance to <em>Streptococci</em>
</li>
<li>Changed default settings for <code><a href="../reference/age_groups.html">age_groups()</a></code>, to let groups of fives and tens end with 100+ instead of 120+</li>
<li>Fix for <code>freq()</code> for when all values are <code>NA</code>
<li>Fix for <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> for when all values are <code>NA</code>
</li>
<li>Fix for <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code> for when dates are missing</li>
<li>Improved speed of <code><a href="../reference/guess_ab_col.html">guess_ab_col()</a></code>
@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>New filters for antimicrobial classes. Use these functions to filter isolates on results in one of more antibiotics from a specific class:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb23"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/filter_ab_class.html">filter_aminoglycosides</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/filter_ab_class.html">filter_carbapenems</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/filter_ab_class.html">filter_cephalosporins</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/filter_ab_class.html">filter_macrolides</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/filter_ab_class.html">filter_tetracyclines</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<p>The <code>antibiotics</code> data set will be searched, after which the input data will be checked for column names with a value in any abbreviations, codes or official names found in the <code>antibiotics</code> data set. For example:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb24"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/filter_ab_class.html">filter_glycopeptides</a></span><span class="op">(</span>result <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"R"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Filtering on glycopeptide antibacterials: any of `vanc` or `teic` is R</span>
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/filter_ab_class.html">filter_glycopeptides</a></span><span class="op">(</span>result <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"R"</span>, scope <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"all"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>All <code>ab_*</code> functions are deprecated and replaced by <code>atc_*</code> functions:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb25"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">ab_property</span> <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="fu">atc_property</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">ab_name</span> <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="fu">atc_name</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">ab_official</span> <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="fu">atc_official</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1229,19 +1229,19 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>New function <code><a href="../reference/age_groups.html">age_groups()</a></code> to split ages into custom or predefined groups (like children or elderly). This allows for easier demographic antimicrobial resistance analysis per age group.</p></li>
<li>
<p>New function <code><a href="../reference/resistance_predict.html">ggplot_rsi_predict()</a></code> as well as the base R <code><a href="../reference/plot.html">plot()</a></code> function can now be used for resistance prediction calculated with <code><a href="../reference/resistance_predict.html">resistance_predict()</a></code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/resistance_predict.html">resistance_predict</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, col_ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"amox"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/plot.html">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/resistance_predict.html">ggplot_rsi_predict</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Functions <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_weighted_isolate()</a></code> to shorten and fasten filtering on data sets with antimicrobial results, e.g.:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># or</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<p>is equal to:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>only_firsts <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">only_firsts</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>
<p>Now handles incorrect spelling, like <code>i</code> instead of <code>y</code> and <code>f</code> instead of <code>ph</code>:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb30"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># mo_fullname() uses as.mo() internally</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_fullname</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Sthafilokockus aaureuz"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
<li>
<p>Uncertainty of the algorithm is now divided into four levels, 0 to 3, where the default <code>allow_uncertain = TRUE</code> is equal to uncertainty level 2. Run <code><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">?as.mo</a></code> for more info about these levels.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb30"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># equal:</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">...</span>, allow_uncertain <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">...</span>, allow_uncertain <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>All microbial IDs that found are now saved to a local file <code>~/.Rhistory_mo</code>. Use the new function <code>clean_mo_history()</code> to delete this file, which resets the algorithms.</p></li>
<li>
<p>Incoercible results will now be considered ‘unknown’, MO code <code>UNKNOWN</code>. On foreign systems, properties of these will be translated to all languages already previously supported: German, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb31"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"qwerty"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"es"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Warning: </span>
<span class="co"># one unique value (^= 100.0%) could not be coerced and is considered 'unknown': "qwerty". Use mo_failures() to review it.</span>
@ -1343,24 +1343,24 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Frequency tables (<code>freq()</code> function):
<li>Frequency tables (<code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> function):
<ul>
<li>
<p>Support for tidyverse quasiquotation! Now you can create frequency tables of function outcomes:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="co"># Determine genus of microorganisms (mo) in `septic_patients` data set:</span>
<span class="co"># OLD WAY</span>
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html">mutate</a></span><span class="op">(</span>genus <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">genus</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">genus</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># NEW WAY</span>
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Even supports grouping variables:</span>
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mo</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>Header info is now available as a list, with the <code>header</code> function</p></li>
<li><p>The parameter <code>header</code> is now set to <code>TRUE</code> at default, even for markdown</p></li>
@ -1430,7 +1430,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Fewer than 3 characters as input for <code>as.mo</code> will return NA</p></li>
<li>
<p>Function <code>as.mo</code> (and all <code>mo_*</code> wrappers) now supports genus abbreviations with “species” attached</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb34"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. species"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># B_ESCHR</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_fullname</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. spp."</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># "Escherichia species"</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S. spp"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># B_STPHY</span>
@ -1442,20 +1442,20 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Using <code>portion_*</code> functions now throws a warning when total available isolate is below parameter <code>minimum</code></p></li>
<li><p>Functions <code>as.mo</code>, <code>as.rsi</code>, <code>as.mic</code>, <code>as.atc</code> and <code>freq</code> will not set package name as attribute anymore</p></li>
<li>
<p>Frequency tables - <code>freq()</code>:</p>
<p>Frequency tables - <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code>:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Support for grouping variables, test with:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb35"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb34"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for (un)selecting columns:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb36"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb35"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">hospital_id</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">-</span><span class="va">count</span>, <span class="op">-</span><span class="va">cum_count</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># only get item, percent, cum_percent</span></pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>Check for <code><a href="https://hms.tidyverse.org/reference/Deprecated.html">hms::is.hms</a></code></p></li>
@ -1473,7 +1473,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Removed diacritics from all authors (columns <code>microorganisms$ref</code> and <code>microorganisms.old$ref</code>) to comply with CRAN policy to only allow ASCII characters</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for <code>mo_property</code> not working properly</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for <code>eucast_rules</code> where some Streptococci would become ceftazidime R in EUCAST rule 4.5</p></li>
<li><p>Support for named vectors of class <code>mo</code>, useful for <code>top_freq()</code></p></li>
<li><p>Support for named vectors of class <code>mo</code>, useful for <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">top_freq()</a></code></p></li>
<li><p><code>ggplot_rsi</code> and <code>scale_y_percent</code> have <code>breaks</code> parameter</p></li>
<li>
<p>AI improvements for <code>as.mo</code>:</p>
@ -1532,7 +1532,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
</ul>
<p>They also come with support for German, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb36"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Gram negative"</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. coli"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"de"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># German</span>
@ -1542,7 +1542,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_fullname</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S. group A"</span>, language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"pt"</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="co"># Portuguese</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Streptococcus grupo A"</span></pre></div>
<p>Furthermore, former taxonomic names will give a note about the current taxonomic name:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb38"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Esc blattae"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Note: 'Escherichia blattae' (Burgess et al., 1973) was renamed 'Shimwellia blattae' (Priest and Barker, 2010)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Gram negative"</span></pre></div>
@ -1556,7 +1556,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Function <code>is.rsi.eligible</code> to check for columns that have valid antimicrobial results, but do not have the <code>rsi</code> class yet. Transform the columns of your raw data with: <code>data %&gt;% mutate_if(is.rsi.eligible, as.rsi)</code></p></li>
<li>
<p>Functions <code>as.mo</code> and <code>is.mo</code> as replacements for <code>as.bactid</code> and <code>is.bactid</code> (since the <code>microoganisms</code> data set not only contains bacteria). These last two functions are deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The <code>as.mo</code> function determines microbial IDs using intelligent rules:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb39"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb38"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. coli"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] B_ESCHR_COL</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"MRSA"</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"S group A"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] B_STRPTC_GRA</span></pre></div>
<p>And with great speed too - on a quite regular Linux server from 2007 it takes us less than 0.02 seconds to transform 25,000 items:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb39"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">thousands_of_E_colis</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/rep.html">rep</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"E. coli"</span>, <span class="fl">25000</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">microbenchmark</span><span class="fu">::</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/microbenchmark/man/microbenchmark.html">microbenchmark</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="../reference/as.mo.html">as.mo</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">thousands_of_E_colis</span><span class="op">)</span>, unit <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"s"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Unit: seconds</span>
@ -1597,7 +1597,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Added three antimicrobial agents to the <code>antibiotics</code> data set: Terbinafine (D01BA02), Rifaximin (A07AA11) and Isoconazole (D01AC05)</p></li>
<li>
<p>Added 163 trade names to the <code>antibiotics</code> data set, it now contains 298 different trade names in total, e.g.:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu">ab_official</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Bactroban"</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] "Mupirocin"</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/ab_property.html">ab_name</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Bactroban"</span>, <span class="st">"Amoxil"</span>, <span class="st">"Zithromax"</span>, <span class="st">"Floxapen"</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1613,7 +1613,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Added parameters <code>minimum</code> and <code>as_percent</code> to <code>portion_df</code></p></li>
<li>
<p>Support for quasiquotation in the functions series <code>count_*</code> and <code>portions_*</code>, and <code>n_rsi</code>. This allows to check for more than 2 vectors or columns.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb42"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">amox</span>, <span class="va">cipr</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/count.html">count_IR</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># which is the same as:</span>
<span class="va">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/count.html">count_IR</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">amox</span>, <span class="va">cipr</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -1632,14 +1632,14 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Added longest en shortest character length in the frequency table (<code>freq</code>) header of class <code>character</code></p></li>
<li>
<p>Support for types (classes) list and matrix for <code>freq</code></p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb42"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">my_matrix</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/with.html">with</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">septic_patients</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html">matrix</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span>, <span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span>, ncol <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_matrix</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_matrix</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<p>For lists, subsetting is possible:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb44"><pre class="downlit">
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="va">my_list</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html">list</a></span><span class="op">(</span>age <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">septic_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">age</span>, gender <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">septic_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">freq</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
<span class="va">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">age</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">gender</span><span class="op">)</span></pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
@ -1713,13 +1713,13 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>A vignette to explain its usage</li>
<li>Support for <code>rsi</code> (antimicrobial resistance) to use as input</li>
<li>Support for <code>table</code> to use as input: <code>freq(table(x, y))</code>
<li>Support for <code>table</code> to use as input: <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq(table(x, y))</a></code>
</li>
<li>Support for existing functions <code>hist</code> and <code>plot</code> to use a frequency table as input: <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/hist.html">hist(freq(df$age))</a></code>
</li>
<li>Support for <code>as.vector</code>, <code>as.data.frame</code>, <code>as_tibble</code> and <code>format</code>
</li>
<li>Support for quasiquotation: <code>freq(mydata, mycolumn)</code> is the same as <code>mydata %&gt;% freq(mycolumn)</code>
<li>Support for quasiquotation: <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq(mydata, mycolumn)</a></code> is the same as <code>mydata %&gt;% freq(mycolumn)</code>
</li>
<li>Function <code>top_freq</code> function to return the top/below <em>n</em> items as vector</li>
<li>Header of frequency tables now also show Mean Absolute Deviaton (MAD) and Interquartile Range (IQR)</li>

2
docs/pkgdown.yml
View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ articles:
datasets: datasets.html
resistance_predict: resistance_predict.html
welcome_to_AMR: welcome_to_AMR.html
last_built: 2020-12-03T21:21Z
last_built: 2020-12-07T15:06Z
urls:
reference: https://msberends.github.io/AMR//reference
article: https://msberends.github.io/AMR//articles

11
docs/reference/first_isolate.html
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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9030</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>x</th>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a> containing isolates.</p></td>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a> containing isolates. Can be omitted when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/stats/filter.html'>filter()</a></code>, <code>mutate()</code> and <code>summarise()</code>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>col_date</th>
@ -366,7 +366,8 @@
<p>A <code><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html'>logical</a></code> vector</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="details"><a class="anchor" href="#details"></a>Details</h2>
<p>The <code>first_isolate()</code> function is a wrapper around the <code><a href='is_new_episode.html'>is_new_episode()</a></code> function, but more efficient for data sets containing microorganism codes or names.</p>
<p>These functions are context-aware when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code>, <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise()</a></code>. This means that then the <code>x</code> parameter can be omitted, please see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
<p>The <code>first_isolate()</code> function is a wrapper around the <code><a href='is_new_episode.html'>is_new_episode()</a></code> function, but more efficient for data sets containing microorganism codes or names.</p>
<p>All isolates with a microbial ID of <code>NA</code> will be excluded as first isolate.</p><h3 class='hasAnchor' id='arguments'><a class='anchor' href='#arguments'></a>Why this is so important</h3>
@ -378,7 +379,7 @@
<p>The functions <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> and <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> are helper functions to quickly filter on first isolates.</p>
<p>The function <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> is essentially equal to either:</p><pre> <span class='va'>x</span><span class='op'>[</span><span class='fu'>first_isolate</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>x</span>, <span class='va'>...</span><span class='op'>)</span>, <span class='op'>]</span>
<span class='va'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'>first_isolate</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>x</span>, <span class='va'>...</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='va'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'>first_isolate</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>...</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
</pre>
<p>The function <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> is essentially equal to:</p><pre> <span class='va'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
@ -433,6 +434,8 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>first_isolate</span> <span class='op'>==</span> <span class='cn'>TRUE</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># short-hand versions:</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'>first_isolate</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'>filter_first_isolate</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span>

2
docs/reference/index.html
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>

45
docs/reference/is_new_episode.html
View File

@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9030</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -281,48 +281,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>experimen
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># `example_isolates` is a dataset available in the AMR package.</span>
<span class='co'># See ?example_isolates.</span>
<span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>example_isolates</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='va'>date</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>example_isolates</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='va'>date</span>, episode_days <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fl'>60</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='kw'>if</span> <span class='op'>(</span><span class='kw'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html'>require</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org'>"dplyr"</a></span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>{</span>
<span class='co'># is_new_episode() can also be used in dplyr verbs to determine patient</span>
<span class='co'># episodes based on any (combination of) grouping variables:</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>condition <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/sample.html'>sample</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>x <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html'>c</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'>"A"</span>, <span class='st'>"B"</span>, <span class='st'>"C"</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
size <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fl'>2000</span>,
replace <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='cn'>TRUE</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>condition</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>new_episode <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>date</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>hospital_id</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>patients <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/n_distinct.html'>n_distinct</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>patient_id</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
n_episodes_365 <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html'>sum</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>date</span>, episode_days <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fl'>365</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
n_episodes_60 <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html'>sum</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>date</span>, episode_days <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fl'>60</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
n_episodes_30 <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html'>sum</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>date</span>, episode_days <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fl'>30</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># grouping on patients and microorganisms leads to the same results</span>
<span class='co'># as first_isolate():</span>
<span class='va'>x</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>.</span>, include_unknown <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='cn'>TRUE</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='va'>y</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>patient_id</span>, <span class='va'>mo</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>date</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/identical.html'>identical</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>x</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='va'>patient_id</span>, <span class='va'>y</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='va'>patient_id</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># but is_new_episode() has a lot more flexibility than first_isolate(),</span>
<span class='co'># since you can now group on anything that seems relevant:</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html'>group_by</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>patient_id</span>, <span class='va'>mo</span>, <span class='va'>hospital_id</span>, <span class='va'>ward_icu</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>flag_episode <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>is_new_episode</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>date</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='op'>}</span>
</pre>
<pre class="examples"></pre>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">
<nav id="toc" data-toggle="toc" class="sticky-top">

25
docs/reference/key_antibiotics.html
View File

@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script>
<meta property="og:title" content="Key antibiotics for first weighted isolates — key_antibiotics" />
<meta property="og:description" content="These function can be used to determine first isolates (see first_isolate()). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates will then be called first weighted isolates." />
<meta property="og:description" content="These function can be used to determine first isolates (see first_isolate()). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates can then be called first weighted isolates." />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png" />
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9030</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
</div>
<div class="ref-description">
<p>These function can be used to determine first isolates (see <code><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate()</a></code>). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates will then be called first <em>weighted</em> isolates.</p>
<p>These function can be used to determine first isolates (see <code><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate()</a></code>). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates can then be called first <em>weighted</em> isolates.</p>
</div>
<pre class="usage"><span class='fu'>key_antibiotics</span><span class='op'>(</span>
@ -281,7 +281,7 @@
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>x</th>
<td><p>a data.frame with antibiotics columns, like <code>AMX</code> or <code>amox</code></p></td>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a> with antibiotics columns, like <code>AMX</code> or <code>amox</code>. Can be omitted when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code>, <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise()</a></code>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>col_mo</th>
@ -331,7 +331,8 @@
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="details"><a class="anchor" href="#details"></a>Details</h2>
<p>The function <code>key_antibiotics()</code> returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using <code>key_antibiotics_equal()</code>, to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (<code>"."</code>) by <code>key_antibiotics()</code> and ignored by <code>key_antibiotics_equal()</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>key_antibiotics()</code> function is context-aware when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code>, <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise()</a></code>. This means that then the <code>x</code> parameter can be omitted, please see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
<p>The function <code>key_antibiotics()</code> returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using <code>key_antibiotics_equal()</code>, to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (<code>"."</code>) by <code>key_antibiotics()</code> and ignored by <code>key_antibiotics_equal()</code>.</p>
<p>The <code><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate()</a></code> function only uses this function on the same microbial species from the same patient. Using this, e.g. an MRSA will be included after a susceptible <em>S. aureus</em> (MSSA) is found within the same patient episode. Without key antibiotic comparison it would not. See <code><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate()</a></code> for more info.</p>
<p>At default, the antibiotics that are used for <strong>Gram-positive bacteria</strong> are:</p><ul>
<li><p>Amoxicillin</p></li>
@ -395,30 +396,30 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># `example_isolates` is a dataset available in the AMR package.</span>
<span class='co'># See ?example_isolates.</span>
<span class='co'># output of the `key_antibiotics` function could be like this:</span>
<span class='co'># output of the `key_antibiotics()` function could be like this:</span>
<span class='va'>strainA</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='st'>"SSSRR.S.R..S"</span>
<span class='va'>strainB</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='st'>"SSSIRSSSRSSS"</span>
<span class='co'># can those strings can be compared with:</span>
<span class='co'># those strings can be compared with:</span>
<span class='fu'>key_antibiotics_equal</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>strainA</span>, <span class='va'>strainB</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># TRUE, because I is ignored (as well as missing values)</span>
<span class='fu'>key_antibiotics_equal</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>strainA</span>, <span class='va'>strainB</span>, ignore_I <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='cn'>FALSE</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th value differs</span>
<span class='co'># FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th character differs</span>
<span class='co'># \donttest{</span>
<span class='kw'>if</span> <span class='op'>(</span><span class='kw'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html'>require</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='st'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org'>"dplyr"</a></span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>{</span>
<span class='co'># set key antibiotics to a new variable</span>
<span class='va'>my_patients</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>keyab <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>key_antibiotics</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>.</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>keyab <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>key_antibiotics</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='co'># no need to define `x`</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>
<span class='co'># now calculate first isolates</span>
first_regular <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>.</span>, col_keyantibiotics <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='cn'>FALSE</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
first_regular <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>col_keyantibiotics <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='cn'>FALSE</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
<span class='co'># and first WEIGHTED isolates</span>
first_weighted <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>.</span>, col_keyantibiotics <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='st'>"keyab"</span><span class='op'>)</span>
first_weighted <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>col_keyantibiotics <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='st'>"keyab"</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># Check the difference, in this data set it results in 7% more isolates:</span>
<span class='co'># Check the difference, in this data set it results in a lot more isolates:</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html'>sum</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>my_patients</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='va'>first_regular</span>, na.rm <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='cn'>TRUE</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/sum.html'>sum</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>my_patients</span><span class='op'>$</span><span class='va'>first_weighted</span>, na.rm <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='cn'>TRUE</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='op'>}</span>

39
docs/reference/mdro.html
View File

@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9000</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>x</th>
<td><p>data with antibiotic columns, such as <code>amox</code>, <code>AMX</code> and <code>AMC</code></p></td>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a> with antibiotics columns, like <code>AMX</code> or <code>amox</code>. Can be omitted when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code>, <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise()</a></code>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>guideline</th>
@ -319,20 +319,21 @@ Ordered <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/factor.html'>factor</a> with levels <cod
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="details"><a class="anchor" href="#details"></a>Details</h2>
<p>For the <code>pct_required_classes</code> argument, values above 1 will be divided by 100. This is to support both fractions (<code>0.75</code> or <code>3/4</code>) and percentages (<code>75</code>).</p>
<p>These functions are context-aware when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code>, <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise()</a></code>. This means that then the <code>x</code> parameter can be omitted, please see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
<p>For the <code>pct_required_classes</code> argument, values above 1 will be divided by 100. This is to support both fractions (<code>0.75</code> or <code>3/4</code>) and percentages (<code>75</code>).</p>
<p>Currently supported guidelines are (case-insensitive):</p><ul>
<li><p><code>guideline = "CMI2012"</code><br />
Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A <em>et al.</em> "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) (<a href='https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.2"</code> (or simply <code>guideline = "EUCAST"</code>)<br />
The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.1"</code><br />
The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "TB"</code><br />
The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" (<a href='https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "MRGN"</code><br />
The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "BRMO"</code><br />
The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" (<a href='https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "CMI2012"</code> (default)</p>
<p>Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A <em>et al.</em> "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) (<a href='https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.2"</code> (or simply <code>guideline = "EUCAST"</code>)</p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "EUCAST3.1"</code></p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "TB"</code></p>
<p>The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" (<a href='https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/'>link</a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "MRGN"</code></p>
<p>The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "BRMO"</code></p>
<p>The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" (<a href='https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh'>link</a>)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Please suggest your own (country-specific) guidelines by letting us know: <a href='https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new'>https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new</a>.</p>
@ -380,10 +381,12 @@ A microorganism is categorised as <em>Susceptible, Increased exposure</em> when
<span class='fu'>mdro</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/table.html'>table</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='co'># no need to define `x` when used inside dplyr verbs:</span>
<span class='va'>example_isolates</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>EUCAST <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>eucast_exceptional_phenotypes</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>.</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
BRMO <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>brmo</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>.</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
MRGN <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>mrgn</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>.</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate</a></span><span class='op'>(</span>MDRO <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>mdro</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
EUCAST <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>eucast_exceptional_phenotypes</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
BRMO <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>brmo</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span>,
MRGN <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'>mrgn</span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='op'>)</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='op'>}</span>
<span class='co'># }</span>
</pre>

4
docs/reference/resistance_predict.html
View File

@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9000</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>x</th>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a> containing isolates.</p></td>
<td><p>a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a> containing isolates. Can be omitted when used inside <code>dplyr</code> verbs, such as <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code>, <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html'>mutate()</a></code> and <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html'>summarise()</a></code>.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>col_ab</th>

2
docs/survey.html
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9031</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0.9032</span>
</span>
</div>

8
man/first_isolate.Rd
View File

@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ filter_first_weighted_isolate(
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a \link{data.frame} containing isolates.}
\item{x}{a \link{data.frame} containing isolates. Can be omitted when used inside \code{dplyr} verbs, such as \code{filter()}, \code{mutate()} and \code{summarise()}.}
\item{col_date}{column name of the result date (or date that is was received on the lab), defaults to the first column with a date class}
@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ A \code{\link{logical}} vector
Determine first (weighted) isolates of all microorganisms of every patient per episode and (if needed) per specimen type. To determine patient episodes not necessarily based on microorganisms, use \code{\link[=is_new_episode]{is_new_episode()}} that also supports grouping with the \code{dplyr} package.
}
\details{
These functions are context-aware when used inside \code{dplyr} verbs, such as \code{filter()}, \code{mutate()} and \code{summarise()}. This means that then the \code{x} parameter can be omitted, please see \emph{Examples}.
The \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}} function is a wrapper around the \code{\link[=is_new_episode]{is_new_episode()}} function, but more efficient for data sets containing microorganism codes or names.
All isolates with a microbial ID of \code{NA} will be excluded as first isolate.
@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ The functions \code{\link[=filter_first_isolate]{filter_first_isolate()}} and \c
The function \code{\link[=filter_first_isolate]{filter_first_isolate()}} is essentially equal to either:\preformatted{ x[first_isolate(x, ...), ]
x \%>\% filter(first_isolate(x, ...))
x \%>\% filter(first_isolate(...))
}
The function \code{\link[=filter_first_weighted_isolate]{filter_first_weighted_isolate()}} is essentially equal to:\preformatted{ x \%>\%
@ -161,6 +163,8 @@ if (require("dplyr")) {
filter(first_isolate == TRUE)
# short-hand versions:
example_isolates \%>\%
filter(first_isolate())
example_isolates \%>\%
filter_first_isolate()

3
man/is_new_episode.Rd
View File

@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.github.io/AMR/} you can find \href{https:/
is_new_episode(example_isolates$date)
is_new_episode(example_isolates$date, episode_days = 60)
#' \donttest{
if (require("dplyr")) {
# is_new_episode() can also be used in dplyr verbs to determine patient
# episodes based on any (combination of) grouping variables:
@ -78,3 +78,4 @@ if (require("dplyr")) {
mutate(flag_episode = is_new_episode(date))
}
}
}

20
man/key_antibiotics.Rd
View File

@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ key_antibiotics_equal(
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a data.frame with antibiotics columns, like \code{AMX} or \code{amox}}
\item{x}{a \link{data.frame} with antibiotics columns, like \code{AMX} or \code{amox}. Can be omitted when used inside \code{dplyr} verbs, such as \code{filter()}, \code{mutate()} and \code{summarise()}.}
\item{col_mo}{column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{\link{mo}}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link[=as.mo]{as.mo()}}.}
@ -65,9 +65,11 @@ key_antibiotics_equal(
\item{info}{print progress}
}
\description{
These function can be used to determine first isolates (see \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}}). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates will then be called first \emph{weighted} isolates.
These function can be used to determine first isolates (see \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}}). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates can then be called first \emph{weighted} isolates.
}
\details{
The \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}} function is context-aware when used inside \code{dplyr} verbs, such as \code{filter()}, \code{mutate()} and \code{summarise()}. This means that then the \code{x} parameter can be omitted, please see \emph{Examples}.
The function \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}} returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using \code{\link[=key_antibiotics_equal]{key_antibiotics_equal()}}, to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (\code{"."}) by \code{\link[=key_antibiotics]{key_antibiotics()}} and ignored by \code{\link[=key_antibiotics_equal]{key_antibiotics_equal()}}.
The \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}} function only uses this function on the same microbial species from the same patient. Using this, e.g. an MRSA will be included after a susceptible \emph{S. aureus} (MSSA) is found within the same patient episode. Without key antibiotic comparison it would not. See \code{\link[=first_isolate]{first_isolate()}} for more info.
@ -136,30 +138,30 @@ On our website \url{https://msberends.github.io/AMR/} you can find \href{https:/
# `example_isolates` is a dataset available in the AMR package.
# See ?example_isolates.
# output of the `key_antibiotics` function could be like this:
# output of the `key_antibiotics()` function could be like this:
strainA <- "SSSRR.S.R..S"
strainB <- "SSSIRSSSRSSS"
# can those strings can be compared with:
# those strings can be compared with:
key_antibiotics_equal(strainA, strainB)
# TRUE, because I is ignored (as well as missing values)
key_antibiotics_equal(strainA, strainB, ignore_I = FALSE)
# FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th value differs
# FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th character differs
\donttest{
if (require("dplyr")) {
# set key antibiotics to a new variable
my_patients <- example_isolates \%>\%
mutate(keyab = key_antibiotics(.)) \%>\%
mutate(keyab = key_antibiotics()) \%>\% # no need to define `x`
mutate(
# now calculate first isolates
first_regular = first_isolate(., col_keyantibiotics = FALSE),
first_regular = first_isolate(col_keyantibiotics = FALSE),
# and first WEIGHTED isolates
first_weighted = first_isolate(., col_keyantibiotics = "keyab")
first_weighted = first_isolate(col_keyantibiotics = "keyab")
)
# Check the difference, in this data set it results in 7\% more isolates:
# Check the difference, in this data set it results in a lot more isolates:
sum(my_patients$first_regular, na.rm = TRUE)
sum(my_patients$first_weighted, na.rm = TRUE)
}

30
man/mdro.Rd
View File

@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ mdr_cmi2012(x, guideline = "CMI2012", ...)
eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(x, guideline = "EUCAST", ...)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{data with antibiotic columns, such as \code{amox}, \code{AMX} and \code{AMC}}
\item{x}{a \link{data.frame} with antibiotics columns, like \code{AMX} or \code{amox}. Can be omitted when used inside \code{dplyr} verbs, such as \code{filter()}, \code{mutate()} and \code{summarise()}.}
\item{guideline}{a specific guideline to follow. When left empty, the publication by Magiorakos \emph{et al.} (2012, Clinical Microbiology and Infection) will be followed, please see \emph{Details}.}
@ -72,21 +72,29 @@ Ordered \link{factor} with levels \code{Negative} < \verb{Positive, unconfirmed}
Determine which isolates are multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) according to international and national guidelines.
}
\details{
These functions are context-aware when used inside \code{dplyr} verbs, such as \code{filter()}, \code{mutate()} and \code{summarise()}. This means that then the \code{x} parameter can be omitted, please see \emph{Examples}.
For the \code{pct_required_classes} argument, values above 1 will be divided by 100. This is to support both fractions (\code{0.75} or \code{3/4}) and percentages (\code{75}).
Currently supported guidelines are (case-insensitive):
\itemize{
\item \code{guideline = "CMI2012"}\cr
\item \code{guideline = "CMI2012"} (default)
Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A \emph{et al.} "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) (\href{https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext}{link})
\item \code{guideline = "EUCAST3.2"} (or simply \code{guideline = "EUCAST"})\cr
\item \code{guideline = "EUCAST3.2"} (or simply \code{guideline = "EUCAST"})
The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" (\href{https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf}{link})
\item \code{guideline = "EUCAST3.1"}\cr
\item \code{guideline = "EUCAST3.1"}
The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (\href{https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}{link})
\item \code{guideline = "TB"}\cr
\item \code{guideline = "TB"}
The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" (\href{https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/}{link})
\item \code{guideline = "MRGN"}\cr
\item \code{guideline = "MRGN"}
The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6
\item \code{guideline = "BRMO"}\cr
\item \code{guideline = "BRMO"}
The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" (\href{https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh}{link})
}
@ -140,10 +148,12 @@ if (require("dplyr")) {
mdro() \%>\%
table()
# no need to define `x` when used inside dplyr verbs:
example_isolates \%>\%
mutate(EUCAST = eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(.),
BRMO = brmo(.),
MRGN = mrgn(.))
mutate(MDRO = mdro(),
EUCAST = eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(),
BRMO = brmo(),
MRGN = mrgn())
}
}
}

2
man/resistance_predict.Rd
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@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ ggplot_rsi_predict(
)
}
\arguments{
\item{x}{a \link{data.frame} containing isolates.}
\item{x}{a \link{data.frame} containing isolates. Can be omitted when used inside \code{dplyr} verbs, such as \code{filter()}, \code{mutate()} and \code{summarise()}.}
\item{col_ab}{column name of \code{x} containing antimicrobial interpretations (\code{"R"}, \code{"I"} and \code{"S"})}

12
vignettes/EUCAST.Rmd
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@ -47,7 +47,17 @@ oops
eucast_rules(oops, info = FALSE)
```
EUCAST rules can not only be used for correction, they can also be used for filling in known resistance and susceptibility based on results of other antimicrobials drugs. This process is called *interpretive reading* and is part of the `eucast_rules()` function as well:
A more convenient function is `mo_is_intrinsic_resistant()` that uses the same guideline, but allows to check for one or more specific microorganisms or antibiotics:
```{r, warning = FALSE, message = FALSE}
mo_is_intrinsic_resistant(c("Klebsiella", "Escherichia"),
"ampicillin")
mo_is_intrinsic_resistant("Klebsiella",
c("ampicillin", "kanamycin"))
```
EUCAST rules can not only be used for correction, they can also be used for filling in known resistance and susceptibility based on results of other antimicrobials drugs. This process is called *interpretive reading*, is basically a form of imputation, and is part of the `eucast_rules()` function as well:
```{r, warning = FALSE, message = FALSE}
data <- data.frame(mo = c("Staphylococcus aureus",

20
vignettes/MDR.Rmd
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@ -32,20 +32,30 @@ For WHONET data (and most other data), all settings are automatically set correc
The function support multiple guidelines. You can select a guideline with the `guideline` parameter. Currently supported guidelines are (case-insensitive):
* `guideline = "CMI2012"` (default)
Magiorakos AP, Srinivasan A *et al.* "Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance." Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) ([link](https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(14)61632-3/fulltext))
* `guideline = "EUCAST"`
* `guideline = "EUCAST3.2"` (or simply `guideline = "EUCAST"`)
The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.2 "Intrinsic Resistance and Unusual Phenotypes" ([link](https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/2020/Intrinsic_Resistance_and_Unusual_Phenotypes_Tables_v3.2_20200225.pdf))
* `guideline = "EUCAST3.1"`
The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" ([link](https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf))
* `guideline = "TB"`
The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" ([link](https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/))
* `guideline = "MRGN"`
The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6
The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. ([link](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6))
* `guideline = "BRMO"`
The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" ([link](https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh))
The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) [ZKH]" ([link](https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH))
Please suggest your own (country-specific) guidelines by letting us know: <https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new>.
#### Examples