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<title>Page not found (404) • AMR (for R)</title>
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@ -80,8 +80,8 @@
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<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
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@ -187,13 +187,13 @@
</header><script src="AMR_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="AMR_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="AMR_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to conduct AMR analysis</h1>
<h4 class="author">Matthijs S. Berends</h4>
<h4 class="date">30 September 2020</h4>
<h4 class="date">08 October 2020</h4>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/vignettes/AMR.Rmd"><code>vignettes/AMR.Rmd</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>AMR.Rmd</code></div>
@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
<p><strong>Note:</strong> values on this page will change with every website update since they are based on randomly created values and the page was written in <a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">R Markdown</a>. However, the methodology remains unchanged. This page was generated on 30 September 2020.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> values on this page will change with every website update since they are based on randomly created values and the page was written in <a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/">R Markdown</a>. However, the methodology remains unchanged. This page was generated on 08 October 2020.</p>
<div id="introduction" class="section level1">
<h1 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#introduction" class="anchor"></a>Introduction</h1>
@ -233,21 +233,21 @@
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2020-09-30</td>
<td align="center">2020-10-08</td>
<td align="center">abcd</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2020-09-30</td>
<td align="center">2020-10-08</td>
<td align="center">abcd</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2020-09-30</td>
<td align="center">2020-10-08</td>
<td align="center">efgh</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
@ -361,69 +361,69 @@
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2016-08-26</td>
<td align="center">P9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2016-09-24</td>
<td align="center">T6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2017-04-02</td>
<td align="center">X1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">Klebsiella pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2016-12-13</td>
<td align="center">F1</td>
<td align="center">2014-02-15</td>
<td align="center">Y9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2012-05-11</td>
<td align="center">J4</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">Klebsiella pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2012-02-05</td>
<td align="center">O8</td>
<td align="center">2013-06-10</td>
<td align="center">J1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2013-02-02</td>
<td align="center">U4</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2015-12-04</td>
<td align="center">S10</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2017-06-17</td>
<td align="center">K1</td>
<td align="center">2016-09-17</td>
<td align="center">G2</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -459,16 +459,16 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">M</td>
<td align="right">10,232</td>
<td align="right">51.16%</td>
<td align="right">10,232</td>
<td align="right">51.16%</td>
<td align="right">10,310</td>
<td align="right">51.55%</td>
<td align="right">10,310</td>
<td align="right">51.55%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">F</td>
<td align="right">9,768</td>
<td align="right">48.84%</td>
<td align="right">9,690</td>
<td align="right">48.45%</td>
<td align="right">20,000</td>
<td align="right">100.00%</td>
</tr>
@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<span class="kw">data</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="kw">data</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate_all.html">mutate_at</a></span>(<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/vars.html">vars</a></span>(<span class="kw">AMX</span><span class="op">:</span><span class="kw">GEN</span>), <span class="kw">as.rsi</span>)
</pre></div>
<p>Finally, we will apply <a href="http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST rules</a> on our antimicrobial results. In Europe, most medical microbiological laboratories already apply these rules. Our package features their latest insights on intrinsic resistance and exceptional phenotypes. Moreover, the <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> function can also apply additional rules, like forcing <help title="ATC: J01CA01">ampicillin</help> = R when <help title="ATC: J01CR02">amoxicillin/clavulanic acid</help> = R.</p>
<p>Finally, we will apply <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST rules</a> on our antimicrobial results. In Europe, most medical microbiological laboratories already apply these rules. Our package features their latest insights on intrinsic resistance and exceptional phenotypes. Moreover, the <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> function can also apply additional rules, like forcing <help title="ATC: J01CA01">ampicillin</help> = R when <help title="ATC: J01CR02">amoxicillin/clavulanic acid</help> = R.</p>
<p>Because the amoxicillin (column <code>AMX</code>) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (column <code>AMC</code>) in our data were generated randomly, some rows will undoubtedly contain AMX = S and AMC = R, which is technically impossible. The <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> fixes this:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb13"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">data</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules</a></span>(<span class="kw">data</span>, col_mo = <span class="st">"bacteria"</span>, rules = <span class="st">"all"</span>)
@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#first-isolates" class="anchor"></a>First isolates</h2>
<p>We also need to know which isolates we can <em>actually</em> use for analysis.</p>
<p>To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you must <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17304462">only include the first isolate of every patient per episode</a> (Hindler <em>et al.</em>, Clin Infect Dis. 2007). If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following weeks (yes, some countries like the Netherlands have these blood drawing policies). The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would clearly be <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias">selection bias</a>.</p>
<p>To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you must <a href="https:/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17304462/">only include the first isolate of every patient per episode</a> (Hindler <em>et al.</em>, Clin Infect Dis. 2007). If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following weeks (yes, some countries like the Netherlands have these blood drawing policies). The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would clearly be <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias">selection bias</a>.</p>
<p>The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) appoints this as follows:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><em>(…) When preparing a cumulative antibiogram to guide clinical decisions about empirical antimicrobial therapy of initial infections, <strong>only the first isolate of a given species per patient, per analysis period (eg, one year) should be included, irrespective of body site, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, or other phenotypical characteristics (eg, biotype)</strong>. The first isolate is easily identified, and cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility test data prepared using the first isolate are generally comparable to cumulative antimicrobial susceptibility test data calculated by other methods, providing duplicate isolates are excluded.</em> <br><a href="https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/">M39-A4 Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data, 4th Edition. CLSI, 2014. Chapter 6.4</a></p>
@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<div id="first-weighted-isolates" class="section level2">
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#first-weighted-isolates" class="anchor"></a>First <em>weighted</em> isolates</h2>
<p>We made a slight twist to the CLSI algorithm, to take into account the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Have a look at all isolates of patient Z5, sorted on date:</p>
<p>We made a slight twist to the CLSI algorithm, to take into account the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Have a look at all isolates of patient T8, sorted on date:</p>
<table class="table">
<thead><tr class="header">
<th align="center">isolate</th>
@ -549,74 +549,74 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">1</td>
<td align="center">2010-02-11</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2010-04-04</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2</td>
<td align="center">2010-04-11</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-03</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">3</td>
<td align="center">2010-05-31</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-19</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">4</td>
<td align="center">2011-03-29</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-01-12</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">5</td>
<td align="center">2011-04-23</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-02-03</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">6</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-06</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-04-04</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">7</td>
<td align="center">2011-09-05</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-23</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -626,19 +626,19 @@ Longest: 1</p>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">8</td>
<td align="center">2011-09-29</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-06-09</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">9</td>
<td align="center">2011-11-16</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-07-02</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -648,13 +648,13 @@ Longest: 1</p>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">10</td>
<td align="center">2011-11-26</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-12-05</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -687,133 +687,133 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">1</td>
<td align="center">2010-02-11</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2010-04-04</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2</td>
<td align="center">2010-04-11</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-03</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">3</td>
<td align="center">2010-05-31</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2010-10-19</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">4</td>
<td align="center">2011-03-29</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-01-12</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">5</td>
<td align="center">2011-04-23</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-02-03</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">6</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-06</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-04-04</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">7</td>
<td align="center">2011-09-05</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-05-23</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">8</td>
<td align="center">2011-09-29</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-06-09</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">9</td>
<td align="center">2011-11-16</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-07-02</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">10</td>
<td align="center">2011-11-26</td>
<td align="center">Z5</td>
<td align="center">2011-12-05</td>
<td align="center">T8</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">FALSE</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Instead of 2, now 10 isolates are flagged. In total, 78.6% of all isolates are marked ‘first weighted’ - 50.1% more than when using the CLSI guideline. In real life, this novel algorithm will yield 5-10% more isolates than the classic CLSI guideline.</p>
<p>Instead of 2, now 4 isolates are flagged. In total, 78.7% of all isolates are marked ‘first weighted’ - 50.2% more than when using the CLSI guideline. In real life, this novel algorithm will yield 5-10% more isolates than the classic CLSI guideline.</p>
<p>As with <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate()</a></code>, there’s a shortcut for this new algorithm too:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb19"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">data_1st</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="kw">data</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_weighted_isolate</a></span>()
</pre></div>
<p>So we end up with 15,718 isolates for analysis.</p>
<p>So we end up with 15,741 isolates for analysis.</p>
<p>We can remove unneeded columns:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">data_1st</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="kw">data_1st</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<col width="3%">
<col width="5%">
<col width="10%">
<col width="11%">
<col width="10%">
<col width="8%">
<col width="11%">
</colgroup>
@ -859,98 +859,98 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="center">2016-08-26</td>
<td align="center">P9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="center">2016-09-24</td>
<td align="center">T6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="center">2016-12-13</td>
<td align="center">F1</td>
<td align="center">2014-02-15</td>
<td align="center">Y9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">6</td>
<td align="center">2017-06-17</td>
<td align="center">K1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="center">2012-05-11</td>
<td align="center">J4</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">B_KLBSL_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Klebsiella</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="center">2013-02-02</td>
<td align="center">U4</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">5</td>
<td align="center">2015-12-04</td>
<td align="center">S10</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">8</td>
<td align="center">2011-02-20</td>
<td align="center">V8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="left">6</td>
<td align="center">2016-09-17</td>
<td align="center">G2</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">9</td>
<td align="center">2016-09-22</td>
<td align="center">D3</td>
<td align="left">7</td>
<td align="center">2012-06-30</td>
<td align="center">V5</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AURS</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -976,8 +976,8 @@ Longest: 1</p>
</pre></div>
<p><strong>Frequency table</strong></p>
<p>Class: character<br>
Length: 15,718<br>
Available: 15,718 (100%, NA: 0 = 0%)<br>
Length: 15,741<br>
Available: 15,741 (100%, NA: 0 = 0%)<br>
Unique: 4</p>
<p>Shortest: 16<br>
Longest: 24</p>
@ -994,33 +994,33 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="right">7,841</td>
<td align="right">49.89%</td>
<td align="right">7,841</td>
<td align="right">49.89%</td>
<td align="right">7,868</td>
<td align="right">49.98%</td>
<td align="right">7,868</td>
<td align="right">49.98%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="right">3,956</td>
<td align="right">25.17%</td>
<td align="right">11,797</td>
<td align="right">75.05%</td>
<td align="right">3,927</td>
<td align="right">24.95%</td>
<td align="right">11,795</td>
<td align="right">74.93%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">3</td>
<td align="left">Streptococcus pneumoniae</td>
<td align="right">2,346</td>
<td align="right">14.93%</td>
<td align="right">14,143</td>
<td align="right">89.98%</td>
<td align="right">2,394</td>
<td align="right">15.21%</td>
<td align="right">14,189</td>
<td align="right">90.14%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="left">Klebsiella pneumoniae</td>
<td align="right">1,575</td>
<td align="right">10.02%</td>
<td align="right">15,718</td>
<td align="right">1,552</td>
<td align="right">9.86%</td>
<td align="right">15,741</td>
<td align="right">100.00%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -1049,50 +1049,50 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">AMX</td>
<td align="center">3793</td>
<td align="center">242</td>
<td align="center">3806</td>
<td align="center">7841</td>
<td align="center">3823</td>
<td align="center">237</td>
<td align="center">3808</td>
<td align="center">7868</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">AMC</td>
<td align="center">6205</td>
<td align="center">301</td>
<td align="center">1335</td>
<td align="center">7841</td>
<td align="center">6210</td>
<td align="center">315</td>
<td align="center">1343</td>
<td align="center">7868</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">CIP</td>
<td align="center">5980</td>
<td align="center">5984</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">1861</td>
<td align="center">7841</td>
<td align="center">1884</td>
<td align="center">7868</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">GEN</td>
<td align="center">7075</td>
<td align="center">7078</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">766</td>
<td align="center">7841</td>
<td align="center">790</td>
<td align="center">7868</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">K. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">AMX</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">1575</td>
<td align="center">1575</td>
<td align="center">1552</td>
<td align="center">1552</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">K. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">AMC</td>
<td align="center">1217</td>
<td align="center">77</td>
<td align="center">281</td>
<td align="center">1575</td>
<td align="center">1198</td>
<td align="center">63</td>
<td align="center">291</td>
<td align="center">1552</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1117,34 +1117,34 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">CIP</td>
<td align="center">5980</td>
<td align="center">5984</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">1861</td>
<td align="center">7841</td>
<td align="center">1884</td>
<td align="center">7868</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">K. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">CIP</td>
<td align="center">1207</td>
<td align="center">1176</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">368</td>
<td align="center">1575</td>
<td align="center">376</td>
<td align="center">1552</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">S. aureus</td>
<td align="center">CIP</td>
<td align="center">2971</td>
<td align="center">3037</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">985</td>
<td align="center">3956</td>
<td align="center">890</td>
<td align="center">3927</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">S. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">CIP</td>
<td align="center">1790</td>
<td align="center">1852</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">556</td>
<td align="center">2346</td>
<td align="center">542</td>
<td align="center">2394</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<p>As per the EUCAST guideline of 2019, we calculate resistance as the proportion of R (<code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_R()</a></code>, equal to <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">resistance()</a></code>) and susceptibility as the proportion of S and I (<code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_SI()</a></code>, equal to <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">susceptibility()</a></code>). These functions can be used on their own:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb28"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">data_1st</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/proportion.html">resistance</a></span>(<span class="kw">AMX</span>)
<span class="co"># [1] 0.5318107</span>
<span class="co"># [1] 0.531923</span>
</pre></div>
<p>Or can be used in conjuction with <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html">summarise()</a></code>, both from the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="downlit">
@ -1174,19 +1174,19 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">0.5401506</td>
<td align="center">0.5240989</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">0.5244014</td>
<td align="center">0.5326633</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">0.5256917</td>
<td align="center">0.5554161</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">0.5363864</td>
<td align="center">0.5248050</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1207,23 +1207,23 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">0.5401506</td>
<td align="center">4782</td>
<td align="center">0.5240989</td>
<td align="center">4772</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">0.5244014</td>
<td align="center">5471</td>
<td align="center">0.5326633</td>
<td align="center">5373</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">0.5256917</td>
<td align="center">2277</td>
<td align="center">0.5554161</td>
<td align="center">2391</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">0.5363864</td>
<td align="center">3188</td>
<td align="center">0.5248050</td>
<td align="center">3205</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1246,27 +1246,27 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">0.8297411</td>
<td align="center">0.9023084</td>
<td align="center">0.9858436</td>
<td align="center">0.8293086</td>
<td align="center">0.8995933</td>
<td align="center">0.9874174</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Klebsiella</td>
<td align="center">0.8215873</td>
<td align="center">0.9060317</td>
<td align="center">0.9879365</td>
<td align="center">0.8125000</td>
<td align="center">0.9085052</td>
<td align="center">0.9832474</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">0.8276036</td>
<td align="center">0.9160768</td>
<td align="center">0.9848332</td>
<td align="center">0.8245480</td>
<td align="center">0.9238605</td>
<td align="center">0.9870130</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">0.5392157</td>
<td align="center">0.5459482</td>
<td align="center">0.0000000</td>
<td align="center">0.5392157</td>
<td align="center">0.5459482</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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docs/articles/EUCAST.html
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@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
</header><script src="EUCAST_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="EUCAST_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="EUCAST_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to apply EUCAST rules</h1>
@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
<div id="introduction" class="section level2">
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#introduction" class="anchor"></a>Introduction</h2>
<p>What are EUCAST rules? The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) states <a href="http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">on their website</a>:</p>
<p>What are EUCAST rules? The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) states <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">on their website</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><em>EUCAST expert rules are a tabulated collection of expert knowledge on intrinsic resistances, exceptional resistance phenotypes and interpretive rules that may be applied to antimicrobial susceptibility testing in order to reduce errors and make appropriate recommendations for reporting particular resistances.</em></p>
</blockquote>

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
</header><script src="MDR_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="MDR_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="MDR_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to determine multi-drug resistance (MDR)</h1>
@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
</li>
<li>
<p><code>guideline = "EUCAST"</code></p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 “Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables” (<a href="http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf">link</a>)</p>
<p>The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 “Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables” (<a href="https://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf">link</a>)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>guideline = "TB"</code></p>
@ -317,19 +317,19 @@ Unique: 2</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html">head</a></span>(<span class="kw">my_TB_data</span>)
<span class="co"># rifampicin isoniazid gatifloxacin ethambutol pyrazinamide moxifloxacin</span>
<span class="co"># 1 I R S R R S</span>
<span class="co"># 2 R R S S S R</span>
<span class="co"># 3 S S R S S S</span>
<span class="co"># 4 R R R S R R</span>
<span class="co"># 5 S R S R R S</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S S R R R S</span>
<span class="co"># 1 R S S R S I</span>
<span class="co"># 2 I S S S I R</span>
<span class="co"># 3 R R R R R R</span>
<span class="co"># 4 R I S R S S</span>
<span class="co"># 5 S S I S S R</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S S S R S S</span>
<span class="co"># kanamycin</span>
<span class="co"># 1 I</span>
<span class="co"># 2 R</span>
<span class="co"># 1 R</span>
<span class="co"># 2 S</span>
<span class="co"># 3 R</span>
<span class="co"># 4 R</span>
<span class="co"># 5 R</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S</span>
<span class="co"># 5 S</span>
<span class="co"># 6 R</span>
</pre></div>
<p>We can now add the interpretation of MDR-TB to our data set. You can use:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit">
@ -363,40 +363,40 @@ Unique: 5</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">Mono-resistant</td>
<td align="right">3235</td>
<td align="right">64.70%</td>
<td align="right">3235</td>
<td align="right">64.70%</td>
<td align="right">3225</td>
<td align="right">64.50%</td>
<td align="right">3225</td>
<td align="right">64.50%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">Negative</td>
<td align="right">657</td>
<td align="right">13.14%</td>
<td align="right">3892</td>
<td align="right">77.84%</td>
<td align="right">698</td>
<td align="right">13.96%</td>
<td align="right">3923</td>
<td align="right">78.46%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">3</td>
<td align="left">Multi-drug-resistant</td>
<td align="right">595</td>
<td align="right">11.90%</td>
<td align="right">4487</td>
<td align="right">89.74%</td>
<td align="right">581</td>
<td align="right">11.62%</td>
<td align="right">4504</td>
<td align="right">90.08%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="left">Poly-resistant</td>
<td align="right">306</td>
<td align="right">6.12%</td>
<td align="right">4793</td>
<td align="right">95.86%</td>
<td align="right">298</td>
<td align="right">5.96%</td>
<td align="right">4802</td>
<td align="right">96.04%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">5</td>
<td align="left">Extensively drug-resistant</td>
<td align="right">207</td>
<td align="right">4.14%</td>
<td align="right">198</td>
<td align="right">3.96%</td>
<td align="right">5000</td>
<td align="right">100.00%</td>
</tr>

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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docs/articles/PCA.html
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@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
</header><script src="PCA_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="PCA_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="PCA_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to conduct principal component analysis (PCA) for AMR</h1>

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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docs/articles/SPSS.html
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@ -187,13 +187,13 @@
</header><script src="SPSS_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="SPSS_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="SPSS_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to import data from SPSS / SAS / Stata</h1>
<h4 class="author">Matthijs S. Berends</h4>
<h4 class="date">30 September 2020</h4>
<h4 class="date">08 October 2020</h4>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/vignettes/SPSS.Rmd"><code>vignettes/SPSS.Rmd</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>SPSS.Rmd</code></div>

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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docs/articles/WHONET.html
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@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
</header><script src="WHONET_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="WHONET_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="WHONET_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to work with WHONET data</h1>

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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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docs/articles/benchmarks.html
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@ -187,7 +187,7 @@
</header><script src="benchmarks_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="benchmarks_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="benchmarks_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>Benchmarks</h1>
@ -288,34 +288,20 @@
<span class="co"># Result of one value was guessed with uncertainty. Use mo_uncertainties() to review it.</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html">print</a></span>(<span class="kw">S.aureus</span>, unit = <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif = <span class="fl">2</span>)
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("sau") 13.0 14.0 15.0 14.0 16.0 17.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("stau") 220.0 230.0 250.0 260.0 280.0 280.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAU") 220.0 240.0 270.0 250.0 290.0 330.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("staaur") 13.0 14.0 28.0 15.0 44.0 62.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAAUR") 11.0 14.0 17.0 14.0 15.0 48.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S. aureus") 30.0 56.0 56.0 61.0 63.0 66.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S aureus") 28.0 33.0 48.0 38.0 66.0 77.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus") 1.7 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)") 860.0 890.0 920.0 910.0 930.0 1000.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Sthafilokkockus aaureuz") 350.0 370.0 380.0 390.0 390.0 410.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("MRSA") 13.0 15.0 28.0 18.0 42.0 61.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("VISA") 21.0 22.0 31.0 22.0 43.0 52.0</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("VRSA") 23.0 24.0 39.0 45.0 49.0 55.0</span>
<span class="co"># neval</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># 10</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("sau") 11.0 12.0 25.0 13.0 14.0 130 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("stau") 210.0 230.0 240.0 250.0 250.0 260 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAU") 210.0 210.0 240.0 240.0 260.0 270 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("staaur") 12.0 14.0 22.0 14.0 41.0 43 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAAUR") 12.0 12.0 19.0 13.0 14.0 47 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S. aureus") 26.0 28.0 38.0 30.0 58.0 62 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S aureus") 28.0 29.0 45.0 52.0 56.0 60 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus") 2.1 2.2 7.9 2.4 2.6 32 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)") 840.0 880.0 890.0 890.0 890.0 930 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Sthafilokkockus aaureuz") 340.0 370.0 390.0 390.0 410.0 490 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("MRSA") 11.0 12.0 16.0 13.0 14.0 44 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("VISA") 19.0 20.0 32.0 22.0 50.0 51 10</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("VRSA") 18.0 22.0 24.0 22.0 23.0 46 10</span>
</pre></div>
<p><img src="benchmarks_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" width="562.5"></p>
<p>In the table above, all measurements are shown in milliseconds (thousands of seconds). A value of 5 milliseconds means it can determine 200 input values per second. It case of 100 milliseconds, this is only 10 input values per second. It is clear that accepted taxonomic names are extremely fast, but some variations can take up to 500-1000 times as much time.</p>
@ -345,10 +331,10 @@
times = <span class="fl">10</span>)
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html">print</a></span>(<span class="kw">run_it</span>, unit = <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif = <span class="fl">3</span>)
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># mo_name(x) 99.2 127 145 143 145 243 10</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># mo_name(x) 131 161 200 168 187 341 10</span>
</pre></div>
<p>So getting official taxonomic names of 2,000,000 (!!) items consisting of 90 unique values only takes 0.143 seconds. You only lose time on your unique input values.</p>
<p>So getting official taxonomic names of 2,000,000 (!!) items consisting of 90 unique values only takes 0.168 seconds. You only lose time on your unique input values.</p>
</div>
<div id="precalculated-results" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
@ -372,11 +358,11 @@
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html">print</a></span>(<span class="kw">run_it</span>, unit = <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif = <span class="fl">3</span>)
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># A 7.53 8.50 8.77 8.83 9.14 9.89 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 23.00 24.20 32.40 26.30 28.80 60.10 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.91 1.98 2.33 2.30 2.66 2.83 10</span>
<span class="co"># A 6.85 7.05 7.57 7.51 8.05 8.52 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 21.50 21.70 27.40 23.80 25.00 64.70 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.75 1.86 1.99 1.93 2.08 2.27 10</span>
</pre></div>
<p>So going from <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name("Staphylococcus aureus")</a></code> to <code>"Staphylococcus aureus"</code> takes 0.0023 seconds - it doesn’t even start calculating <em>if the result would be the same as the expected resulting value</em>. That goes for all helper functions:</p>
<p>So going from <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name("Staphylococcus aureus")</a></code> to <code>"Staphylococcus aureus"</code> takes 0.0019 seconds - it doesn’t even start calculating <em>if the result would be the same as the expected resulting value</em>. That goes for all helper functions:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">run_it</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">microbenchmark</span>(A = <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_species</a></span>(<span class="st">"aureus"</span>),
B = <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span>(<span class="st">"Staphylococcus"</span>),
@ -389,15 +375,15 @@
times = <span class="fl">10</span>)
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html">print</a></span>(<span class="kw">run_it</span>, unit = <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif = <span class="fl">3</span>)
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># A 1.55 1.74 1.91 1.98 2.06 2.16 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 1.52 1.70 1.95 1.88 2.03 2.62 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.61 1.68 6.25 2.04 2.18 44.80 10</span>
<span class="co"># D 1.65 1.71 1.92 1.95 2.02 2.22 10</span>
<span class="co"># E 1.56 1.79 1.92 1.99 2.01 2.14 10</span>
<span class="co"># F 1.62 1.67 1.82 1.78 1.94 2.09 10</span>
<span class="co"># G 1.61 1.70 1.92 1.97 2.01 2.31 10</span>
<span class="co"># H 1.62 1.69 1.83 1.87 1.95 2.01 10</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># A 1.38 1.57 1.60 1.61 1.67 1.71 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 1.55 1.60 1.73 1.63 1.92 2.05 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.39 1.50 1.70 1.62 1.84 2.39 10</span>
<span class="co"># D 1.32 1.51 1.59 1.57 1.61 2.04 10</span>
<span class="co"># E 1.34 1.40 1.52 1.53 1.65 1.66 10</span>
<span class="co"># F 1.28 1.53 1.56 1.60 1.66 1.72 10</span>
<span class="co"># G 1.30 1.33 1.59 1.61 1.74 1.98 10</span>
<span class="co"># H 1.31 1.45 1.62 1.55 1.70 2.46 10</span>
</pre></div>
<p>Of course, when running <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_phylum("Firmicutes")</a></code> the function has zero knowledge about the actual microorganism, namely <em>S. aureus</em>. But since the result would be <code>"Firmicutes"</code> anyway, there is no point in calculating the result. And because this package ‘knows’ all phyla of all known bacteria (according to the Catalogue of Life), it can just return the initial value immediately.</p>
</div>
@ -425,14 +411,14 @@
times = <span class="fl">100</span>)
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html">print</a></span>(<span class="kw">run_it</span>, unit = <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif = <span class="fl">4</span>)
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># en 13.92 14.62 19.73 15.07 17.06 71.77 100</span>
<span class="co"># de 16.83 17.63 22.19 18.10 20.41 58.61 100</span>
<span class="co"># nl 28.71 30.05 35.19 31.64 34.09 69.34 100</span>
<span class="co"># es 16.78 17.61 22.57 18.56 20.21 57.98 100</span>
<span class="co"># it 16.61 17.39 21.59 18.32 20.74 56.86 100</span>
<span class="co"># fr 16.48 17.31 21.96 17.84 20.26 55.84 100</span>
<span class="co"># pt 16.66 17.45 24.03 18.26 20.85 67.60 100</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># en 14.00 14.36 18.52 14.64 15.18 57.58 100</span>
<span class="co"># de 17.04 17.33 20.94 17.63 18.49 56.23 100</span>
<span class="co"># nl 28.21 29.20 32.15 30.06 31.02 72.91 100</span>
<span class="co"># es 16.85 17.26 19.83 17.44 17.95 152.20 100</span>
<span class="co"># it 16.58 17.10 19.03 17.43 18.24 54.28 100</span>
<span class="co"># fr 16.71 17.20 21.24 17.52 19.02 63.25 100</span>
<span class="co"># pt 16.76 17.29 23.27 17.62 19.14 65.28 100</span>
</pre></div>
<p>Currently supported are German, Dutch, Spanish, Italian, French and Portuguese.</p>
</div>

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// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
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</header><script src="datasets_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="datasets_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="datasets_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>Data sets for download / own use</h1>
@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ If you are reading this page from within R, please <a href="https://msberends.gi
<a href="#antiviral-agents" class="anchor"></a>Antiviral agents</h2>
<p>A data set with 102 rows and 9 columns, containing the following column names:<br><em>‘atc’, ‘cid’, ‘name’, ‘atc_group’, ‘synonyms’, ‘oral_ddd’, ‘oral_units’, ‘iv_ddd’, ‘iv_units’</em>.</p>
<p>This data set is in R available as <code>antivirals</code>, after you load the <code>AMR</code> package.</p>
<p>It was last updated on 29 August 2020 21:53:07 CEST. Find more info about the structure of this data set <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/antivirals.html">here</a>.</p>
<p>It was last updated on 29 August 2020 21:53:07 CEST. Find more info about the structure of this data set <a href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/antibiotics.html">here</a>.</p>
<p><strong>Direct download links:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Download as <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/raw/master/data-raw/../data-raw/antivirals.rds">R file</a> (5 kB)<br>

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// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>

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</header><script src="resistance_predict_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="resistance_predict_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="resistance_predict_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to predict antimicrobial resistance</h1>

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var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
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</header><script src="welcome_to_AMR_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
</header><script src="welcome_to_AMR_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js"></script><script src="welcome_to_AMR_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js"></script><div class="row">
<div class="col-md-9 contents">
<div class="page-header toc-ignore">
<h1 data-toc-skip>Welcome to the AMR package</h1>

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// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
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var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
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</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>

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/*
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis for R #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://github.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2018-2020 Berends MS, Luz CF et al. #
# Developed at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands, in #
# collaboration with non-profit organisations Certe Medical #
# Diagnostics & Advice, and University Medical Center Groningen. #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# We created this package for both routine data analysis and academic #
# research and it was publicly released in the hope that it will be #
# useful, but it comes WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.github.io/AMR. #
# #
# Visit our website for the full manual and a complete tutorial about #
# how to conduct AMR analysis: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/ #
# ==================================================================== #
*/

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/*
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis for R #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://github.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2018-2020 Berends MS, Luz CF et al. #
# Developed at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands, in #
# collaboration with non-profit organisations Certe Medical #
# Diagnostics & Advice, and University Medical Center Groningen. #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# We created this package for both routine data analysis and academic #
# research and it was publicly released in the hope that it will be #
# useful, but it comes WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.github.io/AMR. #
# #
# Visit our website for the full manual and a complete tutorial about #
# how to conduct AMR analysis: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/ #
# ==================================================================== #
*/

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@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ Since you are one of our users, we would like to know how you use the package an
<p>This package is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_hell">fully independent of any other R package</a> and works on Windows, macOS and Linux with all versions of R since R-3.0.0 (April 2013). <strong>It was designed to work in any setting, including those with very limited resources</strong>. It was created for both routine data analysis and academic research at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the <a href="https://www.rug.nl">University of Groningen</a>, in collaboration with non-profit organisations <a href="https://www.certe.nl">Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice</a> and <a href="https://www.umcg.nl">University Medical Center Groningen</a>. This R package is <a href="./news">actively maintained</a> and is free software (see <a href="#copyright">Copyright</a>).</p>
<div class="main-content">
<p>
<a href="./countries_large.png" target="_blank"><img src="./countries.png" class="countries_map"></a> <strong>Used in more than 100 countries</strong><br> Since its first public release in early 2018, this package has been downloaded from more than 100 countries. Click the map to enlarge and to also see the names of the countries.
<a href="./countries_large.png" target="_blank"><img src="./countries.png" class="countries_map"></a> <strong>Used in more than 120 countries</strong><br> Since its first public release in early 2018, this package has been downloaded from more than 120 countries. Click the map to enlarge and to also see the names of the countries.
</p>
<br><br>
</div>
@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ Since you are one of our users, we would like to know how you use the package an
<li>
<p>It <strong>enhances existing data</strong> and <strong>adds new data</strong> from data sets included in this package.</p>
<ul>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> to apply <a href="http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST expert rules to isolates</a> (not the translation from MIC to R/SI values, use <code><a href="reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> for that).</li>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> to apply <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST expert rules to isolates</a> (not the translation from MIC to R/SI values, use <code><a href="reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> for that).</li>
<li>Use <code><a href="reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code> to identify the first isolates of every patient <a href="https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/">using guidelines from the CLSI</a> (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute).
<ul>
<li>You can also identify first <em>weighted</em> isolates of every patient, an adjusted version of the CLSI guideline. This takes into account key antibiotics of every strain and compares them.</li>

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@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -236,14 +236,10 @@
<small>Source: <a href='https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/NEWS.md'><code>NEWS.md</code></a></small>
</div>
<div id="amr-1309039" class="section level1">
<h1 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.3.0.9039">
<a href="#amr-1309039" class="anchor"></a>AMR 1.3.0.9039<small> Unreleased </small>
<div id="amr-140" class="section level1">
<h1 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.4.0">
<a href="#amr-140" class="anchor"></a>AMR 1.4.0<small> 2020-10-08 </small>
</h1>
<div id="last-updated-4-october-2020" class="section level2">
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#last-updated-4-october-2020" class="anchor"></a><small>Last updated: 4 October 2020</small>
</h2>
<p>Note: some changes in this version were suggested by anonymous reviewers from the journal we submitted our manuscipt about this package to. We are those reviewers very grateful for going through our code so thoroughly!</p>
<div id="new" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
@ -344,7 +340,6 @@
<li>Added packages that could be useful for some functions to the <code>Suggests</code> field of the <code>DESCRIPTION</code> file</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="amr-130" class="section level1">
<h1 class="page-header" data-toc-text="1.3.0">
@ -442,7 +437,7 @@
<p>Making this package independent of especially the tidyverse (e.g. packages <code>dplyr</code> and <code>tidyr</code>) tremendously increases sustainability on the long term, since tidyverse functions change quite often. Good for users, but hard for package maintainers. Most of our functions are replaced with versions that only rely on base R, which keeps this package fully functional for many years to come, without requiring a lot of maintenance to keep up with other packages anymore. Another upside it that this package can now be used with all versions of R since R-3.0.0 (April 2013). Our package is being used in settings where the resources are very limited. Fewer dependencies on newer software is helpful for such settings.</p>
<p>Negative effects of this change are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Function <code>freq()</code> that was borrowed from the <code>cleaner</code> package was removed. Use <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">cleaner::freq()</a></code>, or run <code><a href="https://github.com/msberends/cleaner">library("cleaner")</a></code> before you use <code>freq()</code>.</li>
<li>Function <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> that was borrowed from the <code>cleaner</code> package was removed. Use <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">cleaner::freq()</a></code>, or run <code><a href="https://github.com/msberends/cleaner">library("cleaner")</a></code> before you use <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code>.</li>
<li><del>Printing values of class <code>mo</code> or <code>rsi</code> in a tibble will no longer be in colour and printing <code>rsi</code> in a tibble will show the class <code>&lt;ord&gt;</code>, not <code>&lt;rsi&gt;</code> anymore. This is purely a visual effect.</del></li>
<li><del>All functions from the <code>mo_*</code> family (like <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_gramstain()</a></code>) are noticeably slower when running on hundreds of thousands of rows.</del></li>
<li>For developers: classes <code>mo</code> and <code>ab</code> now both also inherit class <code>character</code>, to support any data transformation. This change invalidates code that checks for class length == 1.</li>
@ -569,7 +564,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#new-3" class="anchor"></a>New</h3>
<ul>
<li>Support for the newest <a href="http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/">EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Tables v.10.0</a>, valid from 1 January 2020. This affects translation of MIC and disk zones using <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> and inferred resistance and susceptibility using <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code>.</li>
<li>Support for the newest <a href="https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/">EUCAST Clinical Breakpoint Tables v.10.0</a>, valid from 1 January 2020. This affects translation of MIC and disk zones using <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> and inferred resistance and susceptibility using <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code>.</li>
<li>The repository of this package now contains a clean version of the EUCAST and CLSI guidelines from 2011-2020 to translate MIC and disk diffusion values to R/SI: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/rsi_translation.txt" class="uri">https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/rsi_translation.txt</a>. This <strong>allows for machine reading these guidelines</strong>, which is almost impossible with the Excel and PDF files distributed by EUCAST and CLSI. This file used to process the EUCAST Clinical Breakpoints Excel file <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/read_EUCAST.R">can be found here</a>.</li>
<li>Support for LOINC and SNOMED codes
<ul>
@ -647,7 +642,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#breaking-1" class="anchor"></a>Breaking</h3>
<ul>
<li>Adopted Adeolu <em>et al.</em> (2016), <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27620848">PMID 27620848</a> for the <code>microorganisms</code> data set, which means that the new order Enterobacterales now consists of a part of the existing family Enterobacteriaceae, but that this family has been split into other families as well (like <em>Morganellaceae</em> and <em>Yersiniaceae</em>). Although published in 2016, this information is not yet in the Catalogue of Life version of 2019. All MDRO determinations with <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro()</a></code> will now use the Enterobacterales order for all guidelines before 2016 that were dependent on the Enterobacteriaceae family.
<li>Adopted Adeolu <em>et al.</em> (2016), <a href="https:/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27620848/">PMID 27620848</a> for the <code>microorganisms</code> data set, which means that the new order Enterobacterales now consists of a part of the existing family Enterobacteriaceae, but that this family has been split into other families as well (like <em>Morganellaceae</em> and <em>Yersiniaceae</em>). Although published in 2016, this information is not yet in the Catalogue of Life version of 2019. All MDRO determinations with <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro()</a></code> will now use the Enterobacterales order for all guidelines before 2016 that were dependent on the Enterobacteriaceae family.
<ul>
<li>
<p>If you were dependent on the old Enterobacteriaceae family e.g. by using in your code:</p>
@ -779,7 +774,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</pre></div>
<p>This is important, because a value like <code>"testvalue"</code> could never be understood by e.g. <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name()</a></code>, although the class would suggest a valid microbial code.</p>
</li>
<li><p>Function <code>freq()</code> has moved to a new package, <a href="https://github.com/msberends/clean"><code>clean</code></a> (<a href="https://cran.r-project.org/package=clean">CRAN link</a>), since creating frequency tables actually does not fit the scope of this package. The <code>freq()</code> function still works, since it is re-exported from the <code>clean</code> package (which will be installed automatically upon updating this <code>AMR</code> package).</p></li>
<li><p>Function <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> has moved to a new package, <a href="https://github.com/msberends/clean"><code>clean</code></a> (<a href="https://cran.r-project.org/package=clean">CRAN link</a>), since creating frequency tables actually does not fit the scope of this package. The <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> function still works, since it is re-exported from the <code>clean</code> package (which will be installed automatically upon updating this <code>AMR</code> package).</p></li>
<li><p>Renamed data set <code>septic_patients</code> to <code>example_isolates</code></p></li>
</ul>
</div>
@ -1048,7 +1043,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>The <code><a href="../reference/age.html">age()</a></code> function gained a new parameter <code>exact</code> to determine ages with decimals</li>
<li>Removed deprecated functions <code>guess_mo()</code>, <code>guess_atc()</code>, <code>EUCAST_rules()</code>, <code>interpretive_reading()</code>, <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">rsi()</a></code>
</li>
<li>Frequency tables (<code>freq()</code>):
<li>Frequency tables (<code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code>):
<ul>
<li><p>speed improvement for microbial IDs</p></li>
<li><p>fixed factor level names for R Markdown</p></li>
@ -1057,12 +1052,12 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<p>support for boxplots:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb20"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">age</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">age</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/boxplot.html">boxplot</a></span>()
<span class="co"># grouped boxplots:</span>
<span class="kw">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span>(<span class="kw">hospital_id</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">age</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">age</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/boxplot.html">boxplot</a></span>()
</pre></div>
</li>
@ -1073,7 +1068,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Added ceftazidim intrinsic resistance to <em>Streptococci</em>
</li>
<li>Changed default settings for <code><a href="../reference/age_groups.html">age_groups()</a></code>, to let groups of fives and tens end with 100+ instead of 120+</li>
<li>Fix for <code>freq()</code> for when all values are <code>NA</code>
<li>Fix for <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> for when all values are <code>NA</code>
</li>
<li>Fix for <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code> for when dates are missing</li>
<li>Improved speed of <code><a href="../reference/guess_ab_col.html">guess_ab_col()</a></code>
@ -1141,7 +1136,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for data from <a href="https://whonet.org/">WHONET</a> and <a href="https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/about-us/partnerships-and-networks/disease-and-laboratory-networks/ears-net">EARS-Net</a> (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network):</p>
<p>Support for data from <a href="https://whonet.org/">WHONET</a> and <a href="https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/about-us/partnerships-and-networks/disease-and-laboratory-networks/ears-net">EARS-Net</a> (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network):</p>
<ul>
<li>Exported files from WHONET can be read and used in this package. For functions like <code><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">first_isolate()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code>, all parameters will be filled in automatically.</li>
<li>This package now knows all antibiotic abbrevations by EARS-Net (which are also being used by WHONET) - the <code>antibiotics</code> data set now contains a column <code>ears_net</code>.</li>
@ -1225,7 +1220,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>Function <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code>:
<ul>
<li>Updated EUCAST Clinical breakpoints to <a href="http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/">version 9.0 of 1 January 2019</a>, the data set <code>septic_patients</code> now reflects these changes</li>
<li>Updated EUCAST Clinical breakpoints to <a href="https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/">version 9.0 of 1 January 2019</a>, the data set <code>septic_patients</code> now reflects these changes</li>
<li>Fixed a critical bug where some rules that depend on previous applied rules would not be applied adequately</li>
<li>Emphasised in manual that penicillin is meant as benzylpenicillin (ATC <a href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01">J01CE01</a>)</li>
<li>New info is returned when running this function, stating exactly what has been changed or added. Use <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules(..., verbose = TRUE)</a></code> to get a data set with all changed per bug and drug combination.</li>
@ -1314,7 +1309,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Frequency tables (<code>freq()</code> function):
<li>Frequency tables (<code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code> function):
<ul>
<li>
<p>Support for tidyverse quasiquotation! Now you can create frequency tables of function outcomes:</p>
@ -1323,15 +1318,15 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<span class="co"># OLD WAY</span>
<span class="kw">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/mutate.html">mutate</a></span>(genus = <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span>(<span class="kw">mo</span>)) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">genus</span>)
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">genus</span>)
<span class="co"># NEW WAY</span>
<span class="kw">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span>(<span class="kw">mo</span>))
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span>(<span class="kw">mo</span>))
<span class="co"># Even supports grouping variables:</span>
<span class="kw">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span>(<span class="kw">gender</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span>(<span class="kw">mo</span>))
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_genus</a></span>(<span class="kw">mo</span>))
</pre></div>
</li>
<li><p>Header info is now available as a list, with the <code>header</code> function</p></li>
@ -1387,7 +1382,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>
<p>Big changes to the <code>eucast_rules</code> function:</p>
<ul>
<li>Now also applies rules from the EUCAST ‘Breakpoint tables for bacteria’, version 8.1, 2018, <a href="http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/" class="uri">http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/</a> (see Source of the function)</li>
<li>Now also applies rules from the EUCAST ‘Breakpoint tables for bacteria’, version 8.1, 2018, <a href="https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/" class="uri">https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/</a> (see Source of the function)</li>
<li>New parameter <code>rules</code> to specify which rules should be applied (expert rules, breakpoints, others or all)</li>
<li>New parameter <code>verbose</code> which can be set to <code>TRUE</code> to get very specific messages about which columns and rows were affected</li>
<li>Better error handling when rules cannot be applied (i.e. new values could not be inserted)</li>
@ -1415,21 +1410,21 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Using <code>portion_*</code> functions now throws a warning when total available isolate is below parameter <code>minimum</code></p></li>
<li><p>Functions <code>as.mo</code>, <code>as.rsi</code>, <code>as.mic</code>, <code>as.atc</code> and <code>freq</code> will not set package name as attribute anymore</p></li>
<li>
<p>Frequency tables - <code>freq()</code>:</p>
<p>Frequency tables - <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq()</a></code>:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Support for grouping variables, test with:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb32"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html">group_by</a></span>(<span class="kw">hospital_id</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">gender</span>)
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">gender</span>)
</pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Support for (un)selecting columns:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">septic_patients</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">hospital_id</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">hospital_id</span>) <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/select.html">select</a></span>(<span class="op">-</span><span class="kw">count</span>, <span class="op">-</span><span class="kw">cum_count</span>) <span class="co"># only get item, percent, cum_percent</span>
</pre></div>
</li>
@ -1448,7 +1443,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li><p>Removed diacritics from all authors (columns <code>microorganisms$ref</code> and <code>microorganisms.old$ref</code>) to comply with CRAN policy to only allow ASCII characters</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for <code>mo_property</code> not working properly</p></li>
<li><p>Fix for <code>eucast_rules</code> where some Streptococci would become ceftazidime R in EUCAST rule 4.5</p></li>
<li><p>Support for named vectors of class <code>mo</code>, useful for <code>top_freq()</code></p></li>
<li><p>Support for named vectors of class <code>mo</code>, useful for <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">top_freq()</a></code></p></li>
<li><p><code>ggplot_rsi</code> and <code>scale_y_percent</code> have <code>breaks</code> parameter</p></li>
<li>
<p>AI improvements for <code>as.mo</code>:</p>
@ -1615,13 +1610,13 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<p>Support for types (classes) list and matrix for <code>freq</code></p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb40"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">my_matrix</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/with.html">with</a></span>(<span class="kw">septic_patients</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html">matrix</a></span>(<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html">c</a></span>(<span class="kw">age</span>, <span class="kw">gender</span>), ncol = <span class="fl">2</span>))
<span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">my_matrix</span>)
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">my_matrix</span>)
</pre></div>
<p>For lists, subsetting is possible:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb41"><pre class="downlit">
<span class="kw">my_list</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/list.html">list</a></span>(age = <span class="kw">septic_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="kw">age</span>, gender = <span class="kw">septic_patients</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="kw">gender</span>)
<span class="kw">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">age</span>)
<span class="kw">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu">freq</span>(<span class="kw">gender</span>)
<span class="kw">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">age</span>)
<span class="kw">my_list</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq</a></span>(<span class="kw">gender</span>)
</pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
@ -1696,13 +1691,13 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<ul>
<li>A vignette to explain its usage</li>
<li>Support for <code>rsi</code> (antimicrobial resistance) to use as input</li>
<li>Support for <code>table</code> to use as input: <code>freq(table(x, y))</code>
<li>Support for <code>table</code> to use as input: <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq(table(x, y))</a></code>
</li>
<li>Support for existing functions <code>hist</code> and <code>plot</code> to use a frequency table as input: <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/graphics/hist.html">hist(freq(df$age))</a></code>
</li>
<li>Support for <code>as.vector</code>, <code>as.data.frame</code>, <code>as_tibble</code> and <code>format</code>
</li>
<li>Support for quasiquotation: <code>freq(mydata, mycolumn)</code> is the same as <code>mydata %&gt;% freq(mycolumn)</code>
<li>Support for quasiquotation: <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html">freq(mydata, mycolumn)</a></code> is the same as <code>mydata %&gt;% freq(mycolumn)</code>
</li>
<li>Function <code>top_freq</code> function to return the top/below <em>n</em> items as vector</li>
<li>Header of frequency tables now also show Mean Absolute Deviaton (MAD) and Interquartile Range (IQR)</li>
@ -1788,7 +1783,7 @@ This works for all drug combinations, such as ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime/
<li>Function <code>MDRO</code> to <strong>determine Multi Drug Resistant Organisms (MDRO)</strong> with support for country-specific guidelines.
<ul>
<li>
<a href="http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance">Exceptional resistances defined by EUCAST</a> are also supported instead of countries alone</li>
<a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">Exceptional resistances defined by EUCAST</a> are also supported instead of countries alone</li>
<li>Functions <code>BRMO</code> and <code>MRGN</code> are wrappers for Dutch and German guidelines, respectively</li>
</ul>
</li>

8
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@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
pandoc: 2.7.3
pandoc: 2.9.2.1
pkgdown: 1.5.1.9000
pkgdown_sha: eae56f08694abebf93cdfc0dd8e9ede06d8c815f
articles: []
last_built: 2020-10-04T19:01Z
last_built: 2020-10-08T09:09Z
urls:
reference: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference
article: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles
reference: https://msberends.github.io/AMR//reference
article: https://msberends.github.io/AMR//articles

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@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="contact-us"><a class="anchor" href="#contact-us"></a>Contact Us</h2>

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@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ This package contains <strong>all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral dru
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='fu'><a href='as.ab.html'>as.ab</a></span>(<span class='st'>"meropenem"</span>)

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@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">

2
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@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>maturing<
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># mind the bad spelling of amoxicillin in this line, </span>

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@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><a href='antibiotics.html'>antibiotics</a></p></div>

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@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p>To split ages into groups, use the <code><a href='age_groups.html'>age_groups()</a></code> function.</p></div>

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@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p>To determine ages, based on one or more reference dates, use the <code><a href='age.html'>age()</a></code> function.</p></div>

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@ -292,7 +292,7 @@
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='filter_ab_class.html'>filter_ab_class()</a></code> for the <code><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter()</a></code> equivalent.</p></div>

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@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ This package contains <strong>all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral dru
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><a href='microorganisms.html'>microorganisms</a>, <a href='intrinsic_resistant.html'>intrinsic_resistant</a></p></div>

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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ This package contains <strong>all ~550 antibiotic, antimycotic and antiviral dru
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'>

2
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@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='as.rsi.html'>as.rsi()</a></code></p></div>

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<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='as.rsi.html'>as.rsi()</a></code></p></div>

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@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>With ambiguous user input in <code>as.mo()</code> and all the <code><a href='mo_property.html'>mo_*</a></code> functions, the returned results are chosen based on their matching score using <code><a href='mo_matching_score.html'>mo_matching_score()</a></code>. This matching score \(m\), is calculated as:</p>
<p>$$m_{(x, n)} = \frac{l_{n} - 0.5 \cdot \min \begin{cases}l_{n} \\ \operatorname{lev}(x, n)\end{cases}}{l_{n} \cdot p_{n} \cdot k_{n}}$$</p>
<p>$$m_{(x, n)} = \frac{l_{n} - 0.5 \cdot \min \begin{cases}l_{n} \\ \textrm{lev}(x, n)\end{cases}}{l_{n} \cdot p_{n} \cdot k_{n}}$$</p>
<p>where:</p><ul>
<li><p>\(x\) is the user input;</p></li>
<li><p>\(n\) is a taxonomic name (genus, species, and subspecies);</p></li>
@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><a href='microorganisms.html'>microorganisms</a> for the <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a> that is being used to determine ID's.</p>

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@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ list(version_txt = "v3.2", year = 2020, title = "EUCAST Expert Rules / EUCAST In
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<li><p><strong>R = Resistant</strong><br />
A microorganism is categorised as <em>Resistant</em> when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure. Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>S = Susceptible</strong><br />
@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='as.mic.html'>as.mic()</a></code>, <code><a href='as.disk.html'>as.disk()</a></code>, <code><a href='as.mo.html'>as.mo()</a></code></p></div>

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@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># \donttest{</span>

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@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='fu'>availability</span>(<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span>)

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@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># \donttest{</span>

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@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p>Data set <a href='microorganisms.html'>microorganisms</a> for the actual data. <br />

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@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><a href='microorganisms.html'>microorganisms</a></p></div>

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@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<li><p><strong>R = Resistant</strong><br />
A microorganism is categorised as <em>Resistant</em> when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure. Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>S = Susceptible</strong><br />
@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ A microorganism is categorised as <em>Susceptible, Increased exposure</em> when
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='proportion.html'>proportion_*</a></code> to calculate microbial resistance and susceptibility.</p></div>

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@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ To improve the interpretation of the antibiogram before EUCAST rules are applied
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># \donttest{</span>

2
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@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">

2
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@ -264,7 +264,7 @@
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">

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@ -367,7 +367,7 @@
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="details"><a class="anchor" href="#details"></a>Details</h2>
<p><strong>WHY THIS IS SO IMPORTANT</strong> <br />
To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you should only include the first isolate of every patient per episode <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17304462'>(ref)</a>. If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following week. The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all <em>S. aureus</em> isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would be <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias'>selection bias</a>.</p>
To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you should only include the first isolate of every patient per episode <a href='https:/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17304462/'>(ref)</a>. If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following week. The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all <em>S. aureus</em> isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would be <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias'>selection bias</a>.</p>
<p>All isolates with a microbial ID of <code>NA</code> will be excluded as first isolate.</p>
<p>The functions <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> and <code>filter_first_weighted_isolate()</code> are helper functions to quickly filter on first isolates. The function <code>filter_first_isolate()</code> is essentially equal to either:</p><pre> <span class='kw'>x</span>[<span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>, <span class='kw'>...</span>), ]
<span class='kw'>x</span> <span class='op'>%&gt;%</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html'>filter</a></span>(<span class='fu'>first_isolate</span>(<span class='kw'>x</span>, <span class='kw'>...</span>))
@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='key_antibiotics.html'>key_antibiotics()</a></code></p></div>

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@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>questioni
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="references"><a class="anchor" href="#references"></a>References</h2>

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@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>maturing<
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'>if</span> (<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html'>require</a></span>(<span class='st'><a href='http://ggplot2.tidyverse.org'>"ggplot2"</a></span>) <span class='op'>&amp;</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html'>require</a></span>(<span class='st'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org'>"dplyr"</a></span>)) {

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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='kw'>df</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a></span>(amox = <span class='st'>"S"</span>,

4
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@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -412,7 +412,7 @@
<tr>
<th colspan="2">
<h2 id="section-preparing-data-antimicrobial-resistance" class="hasAnchor"><a href="#section-preparing-data-antimicrobial-resistance" class="anchor"></a>Preparing data: antimicrobial resistance</h2>
<p class="section-desc"><p>With <code><a href="../reference/as.mic.html">as.mic()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/as.disk.html">as.disk()</a></code> you can transform your raw input to valid MIC or disk diffusion values. Use <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> for cleaning raw data to let it only contain “R”, “I” and “S”, or to interpret MIC or disk diffusion values as R/SI based on the lastest EUCAST and CLSI guidelines. Afterwards, you can extend antibiotic interpretations by applying <a href="http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST rules</a> with <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code>.</p></p>
<p class="section-desc"><p>With <code><a href="../reference/as.mic.html">as.mic()</a></code> and <code><a href="../reference/as.disk.html">as.disk()</a></code> you can transform your raw input to valid MIC or disk diffusion values. Use <code><a href="../reference/as.rsi.html">as.rsi()</a></code> for cleaning raw data to let it only contain “R”, “I” and “S”, or to interpret MIC or disk diffusion values as R/SI based on the lastest EUCAST and CLSI guidelines. Afterwards, you can extend antibiotic interpretations by applying <a href="https://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">EUCAST rules</a> with <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code>.</p></p>
</th>
</tr>

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@ -265,7 +265,7 @@
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'>if</span> (<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html'>require</a></span>(<span class='st'><a href='https://dplyr.tidyverse.org'>"dplyr"</a></span>)) {

2
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@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='fu'>left_join_microorganisms</span>(<span class='fu'><a href='as.mo.html'>as.mo</a></span>(<span class='st'>"K. pneumoniae"</span>))

2
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@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='first_isolate.html'>first_isolate()</a></code></p></div>

6
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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>x</th>
<td><p>a vector of values, a <code><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html'>matrix</a></code> or a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a></p></td>
<td><p>a vector of values, a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html'>matrix</a> or a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>na.rm</th>
@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='skewness.html'>skewness()</a></code></p></div>

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@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/grep.html'>grep()</a></code></p></div>

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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health
<li><p><code>guideline = "MRGN"</code><br />
The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6</p></li>
<li><p><code>guideline = "BRMO"</code><br />
The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" (<a href='https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH'>link</a>)</p></li>
The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) (ZKH)" (<a href='https://www.rivm.nl/wip-richtlijn-brmo-bijzonder-resistente-micro-organismen-zkh'>link</a>)</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Please suggest your own (country-specific) guidelines by letting us know: <a href='https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new'>https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new</a>.</p>
@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<li><p><strong>R = Resistant</strong><br />
A microorganism is categorised as <em>Resistant</em> when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure. Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>S = Susceptible</strong><br />
@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ A microorganism is categorised as <em>Susceptible, Increased exposure</em> when
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='fu'>mdro</span>(<span class='kw'>example_isolates</span>, guideline = <span class='st'>"EUCAST"</span>)

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@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='as.mo.html'>as.mo()</a></code> <a href='microorganisms.html'>microorganisms</a></p></div>

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@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
<p>Names of prokaryotes are defined as being validly published by the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Validly published are all names which are included in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names and the names subsequently published in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (IJSB) and, from January 2000, in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM) as original articles or in the validation lists.
<em>(from <a href='https://www.dsmz.de/services/online-tools/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date/complete-list-readme'>https://www.dsmz.de/services/online-tools/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date/complete-list-readme</a>)</em></p>
<em>(from <a href='https://www.dsmz.de/services/online-tools/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date'>https://www.dsmz.de/services/online-tools/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date</a>)</em></p>
<p>In February 2020, the DSMZ records were merged with the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN).</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="catalogue-of-life"><a class="anchor" href="#catalogue-of-life"></a>Catalogue of Life</h2>
@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='as.mo.html'>as.mo()</a></code>, <code><a href='mo_property.html'>mo_property()</a></code>, <a href='microorganisms.codes.html'>microorganisms.codes</a>, <a href='intrinsic_resistant.html'>intrinsic_resistant</a></p></div>

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@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='as.mo.html'>as.mo()</a></code> <code><a href='mo_property.html'>mo_property()</a></code> <a href='microorganisms.html'>microorganisms</a></p></div>

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@ -262,7 +262,7 @@
<p>With ambiguous user input in <code><a href='as.mo.html'>as.mo()</a></code> and all the <code><a href='mo_property.html'>mo_*</a></code> functions, the returned results are chosen based on their matching score using <code>mo_matching_score()</code>. This matching score \(m\), is calculated as:</p>
<p>$$m_{(x, n)} = \frac{l_{n} - 0.5 \cdot \min \begin{cases}l_{n} \\ \operatorname{lev}(x, n)\end{cases}}{l_{n} \cdot p_{n} \cdot k_{n}}$$</p>
<p>$$m_{(x, n)} = \frac{l_{n} - 0.5 \cdot \min \begin{cases}l_{n} \\ \textrm{lev}(x, n)\end{cases}}{l_{n} \cdot p_{n} \cdot k_{n}}$$</p>
<p>where:</p><ul>
<li><p>\(x\) is the user input;</p></li>
<li><p>\(n\) is a taxonomic name (genus, species, and subspecies);</p></li>

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@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>With ambiguous user input in <code><a href='as.mo.html'>as.mo()</a></code> and all the <code>mo_*</code> functions, the returned results are chosen based on their matching score using <code><a href='mo_matching_score.html'>mo_matching_score()</a></code>. This matching score \(m\), is calculated as:</p>
<p>$$m_{(x, n)} = \frac{l_{n} - 0.5 \cdot \min \begin{cases}l_{n} \\ \operatorname{lev}(x, n)\end{cases}}{l_{n} \cdot p_{n} \cdot k_{n}}$$</p>
<p>$$m_{(x, n)} = \frac{l_{n} - 0.5 \cdot \min \begin{cases}l_{n} \\ \textrm{lev}(x, n)\end{cases}}{l_{n} \cdot p_{n} \cdot k_{n}}$$</p>
<p>where:</p><ul>
<li><p>\(x\) is the user input;</p></li>
<li><p>\(n\) is a taxonomic name (genus, species, and subspecies);</p></li>
@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><a href='microorganisms.html'>microorganisms</a></p></div>

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@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ This is the fastest way to have your organisation (or analysis) specific codes p
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">

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@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>questioni
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">

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@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 hidden-xs hidden-sm" id="pkgdown-sidebar">

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@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<li><p><strong>R = Resistant</strong><br />
A microorganism is categorised as <em>Resistant</em> when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure. Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>S = Susceptible</strong><br />
@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ A microorganism is categorised as <em>Susceptible, Increased exposure</em> when
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='count.html'>count()</a></code> to count resistant and susceptible isolates.</p></div>

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4
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@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>maturing<
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<p>In 2019, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories R and S/I as shown below (<a href='https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/'>https://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/</a>).</p><ul>
<li><p><strong>R = Resistant</strong><br />
A microorganism is categorised as <em>Resistant</em> when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure. Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>S = Susceptible</strong><br />
@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ A microorganism is categorised as <em>Susceptible, Increased exposure</em> when
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p>The <code><a href='proportion.html'>proportion()</a></code> functions to calculate resistance</p>

2
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@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><a href='intrinsic_resistant.html'>intrinsic_resistant</a></p></div>

6
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@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ When negative ('left-skewed'): the left tail is longer; the mass of the distribu
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.3.0.9039</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.4.0</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ When negative ('left-skewed'): the left tail is longer; the mass of the distribu
<colgroup><col class="name" /><col class="desc" /></colgroup>
<tr>
<th>x</th>
<td><p>a vector of values, a <code><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html'>matrix</a></code> or a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a></p></td>
<td><p>a vector of values, a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/matrix.html'>matrix</a> or a <a href='https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html'>data.frame</a></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>na.rm</th>
@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="see-also"><a class="anchor" href="#see-also"></a>See also</h2>
<div class='dont-index'><p><code><a href='kurtosis.html'>kurtosis()</a></code></p></div>

2
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@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ The <a href='lifecycle.html'>lifecycle</a> of this function is <strong>stable</s
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference'>complete documentation of all functions</a> (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<p>On our website <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/'>https://msberends.github.io/AMR/</a> you can find <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html'>a comprehensive tutorial</a> about how to conduct AMR analysis, the <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/reference/'>complete documentation of all functions</a> and <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html'>an example analysis using WHONET data</a>. As we would like to better understand the backgrounds and needs of our users, please <a href='https://msberends.github.io/AMR/survey.html'>participate in our survey</a>!</p>
<h2 class="hasAnchor" id="examples"><a class="anchor" href="#examples"></a>Examples</h2>
<pre class="examples"><span class='co'># The 'language' parameter of below functions</span>

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