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<a class="navbar-brand me-2" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<small class="nav-text text-muted me-auto" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-bs-placement="bottom" title="">2.1.1.9066</small>
<small class="nav-text text-muted me-auto" data-bs-toggle="tooltip" data-bs-placement="bottom" title="">2.1.1.9073</small>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbar" aria-controls="navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
@ -68,6 +68,7 @@
<span> reference_df <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="mo_source.html">get_mo_source</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> ignore_pattern <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_ignore_pattern"</span>, <span class="cn">NULL</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> cleaning_regex <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_cleaning_regex"</span>, <span class="fu">mo_cleaning_regex</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> only_fungi <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">getOption</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"AMR_only_fungi"</span>, <span class="cn">FALSE</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> language <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> info <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/interactive.html" class="external-link">interactive</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span> <span class="va">...</span></span>
@ -124,12 +125,16 @@
<dd><p>a Perl-compatible <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/regex.html" class="external-link">regular expression</a> (case-insensitive) to clean the input of <code>x</code>. Every matched part in <code>x</code> will be removed. At default, this is the outcome of <code>mo_cleaning_regex()</code>, which removes texts between brackets and texts such as "species" and "serovar". The default can be set with the <a href="AMR-options.html">package option</a> <code><a href="AMR-options.html">AMR_cleaning_regex</a></code>.</p></dd>
<dt id="arg-only-fungi">only_fungi<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-only-fungi"></a></dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate if only fungi must be found, making sure that e.g. misspellings always return records from the kingdom of Fungi. This can be set globally for <a href="mo_property.html">all microorganism functions</a> with the <a href="AMR-options.html">package option</a> <code><a href="AMR-options.html">AMR_only_fungi</a></code>, i.e. <code>options(AMR_only_fungi = TRUE)</code>.</p></dd>
<dt id="arg-language">language<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-language"></a></dt>
<dd><p>language to translate text like "no growth", which defaults to the system language (see <code><a href="translate.html">get_AMR_locale()</a></code>)</p></dd>
<dt id="arg-info">info<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg-info"></a></dt>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate if a progress bar should be printed if more than 25 items are to be coerced - the default is <code>TRUE</code> only in interactive mode</p></dd>
<dd><p>a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/logical.html" class="external-link">logical</a> to indicate that info must be printed, e.g. a progress bar when more than 25 items are to be coerced, or a list with old taxonomic names. The default is <code>TRUE</code> only in interactive mode.</p></dd>
<dt id="arg--">...<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arg--"></a></dt>
@ -142,7 +147,7 @@
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
<p>A microorganism (MO) code from this package (class: <code>mo</code>) is human readable and typically looks like these examples:</p>
<p>A microorganism (MO) code from this package (class: <code>mo</code>) is human-readable and typically looks like these examples:</p>
<p></p><div class="sourceCode"><pre><code><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" tabindex="-1"></a> Code Full name</span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="sc">---------------</span> <span class="sc">--------------------------------------</span></span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" tabindex="-1"></a> B_KLBSL Klebsiella</span>
@ -153,50 +158,76 @@
<span id="cb1-8"><a href="#cb1-8" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="er">|</span> <span class="er">|</span> <span class="er">|</span> \<span class="sc">--</span><span class="ot">-&gt;</span> subspecies, a <span class="dv">3-5</span> letter acronym</span>
<span id="cb1-9"><a href="#cb1-9" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="sc">|</span> <span class="er">|</span> \<span class="sc">---</span><span class="ot">-&gt;</span> species, a <span class="dv">3-6</span> letter acronym</span>
<span id="cb1-10"><a href="#cb1-10" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="sc">|</span> \<span class="sc">---</span><span class="ot">-&gt;</span> genus, a <span class="dv">4-8</span> letter acronym</span>
<span id="cb1-11"><a href="#cb1-11" tabindex="-1"></a> \<span class="sc">---</span><span class="ot">-&gt;</span> taxonomic kingdom<span class="sc">:</span> <span class="fu">A</span> (Archaea), <span class="fu">AN</span> (Animalia), <span class="fu">B</span> (Bacteria),</span>
<span id="cb1-12"><a href="#cb1-12" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">F</span> (Fungi), <span class="fu">PL</span> (Plantae), <span class="fu">P</span> (Protozoa)</span></code></pre><p></p></div>
<p>Values that cannot be coerced will be considered 'unknown' and will be returned as the MO code <code>UNKNOWN</code> with a warning.</p>
<span id="cb1-11"><a href="#cb1-11" tabindex="-1"></a> \<span class="sc">---</span><span class="ot">-&gt;</span> kingdom<span class="sc">:</span> <span class="fu">A</span> (Archaea), <span class="fu">AN</span> (Animalia), <span class="fu">B</span> (Bacteria),</span>
<span id="cb1-12"><a href="#cb1-12" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">C</span> (Chromista), <span class="fu">F</span> (Fungi), <span class="fu">PL</span> (Plantae),</span>
<span id="cb1-13"><a href="#cb1-13" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">P</span> (Protozoa)</span></code></pre><p></p></div>
<p>Values that cannot be coerced will be considered 'unknown' and will return the MO code <code>UNKNOWN</code> with a warning.</p>
<p>Use the <code><a href="mo_property.html">mo_*</a></code> functions to get properties based on the returned code, see <em>Examples</em>.</p>
<p>The <code>as.mo()</code> function uses a novel <a href="mo_matching_score.html">matching score algorithm</a> (see <em>Matching Score for Microorganisms</em> below) to match input against the <a href="microorganisms.html">available microbial taxonomy</a> in this package. This will lead to the effect that e.g. <code>"E. coli"</code> (a microorganism highly prevalent in humans) will return the microbial ID of <em>Escherichia coli</em> and not <em>Entamoeba coli</em> (a microorganism less prevalent in humans), although the latter would alphabetically come first.</p>
<p>With <code>Becker = TRUE</code>, the following 89 staphylococci will be converted to the <strong>coagulase-negative group</strong>: <em>S. americanisciuri</em>, <em>S. argensis</em>, <em>S. arlettae</em>, <em>S. auricularis</em>, <em>S. borealis</em>, <em>S. brunensis</em>, <em>S. caeli</em>, <em>S. caledonicus</em>, <em>S. canis</em>, <em>S. capitis</em>, <em>S. capitis capitis</em>, <em>S. capitis urealyticus</em>, <em>S. capitis ureolyticus</em>, <em>S. caprae</em>, <em>S. carnosus</em>, <em>S. carnosus carnosus</em>, <em>S. carnosus utilis</em>, <em>S. casei</em>, <em>S. caseolyticus</em>, <em>S. chromogenes</em>, <em>S. cohnii</em>, <em>S. cohnii cohnii</em>, <em>S. cohnii urealyticum</em>, <em>S. cohnii urealyticus</em>, <em>S. condimenti</em>, <em>S. croceilyticus</em>, <em>S. debuckii</em>, <em>S. devriesei</em>, <em>S. durrellii</em>, <em>S. edaphicus</em>, <em>S. epidermidis</em>, <em>S. equorum</em>, <em>S. equorum equorum</em>, <em>S. equorum linens</em>, <em>S. felis</em>, <em>S. fleurettii</em>, <em>S. gallinarum</em>, <em>S. haemolyticus</em>, <em>S. hominis</em>, <em>S. hominis hominis</em>, <em>S. hominis novobiosepticus</em>, <em>S. jettensis</em>, <em>S. kloosii</em>, <em>S. lentus</em>, <em>S. lloydii</em>, <em>S. lugdunensis</em>, <em>S. marylandisciuri</em>, <em>S. massiliensis</em>, <em>S. microti</em>, <em>S. muscae</em>, <em>S. nepalensis</em>, <em>S. pasteuri</em>, <em>S. petrasii</em>, <em>S. petrasii croceilyticus</em>, <em>S. petrasii jettensis</em>, <em>S. petrasii petrasii</em>, <em>S. petrasii pragensis</em>, <em>S. pettenkoferi</em>, <em>S. piscifermentans</em>, <em>S. pragensis</em>, <em>S. pseudoxylosus</em>, <em>S. pulvereri</em>, <em>S. ratti</em>, <em>S. rostri</em>, <em>S. saccharolyticus</em>, <em>S. saprophyticus</em>, <em>S. saprophyticus bovis</em>, <em>S. saprophyticus saprophyticus</em>, <em>S. schleiferi</em>, <em>S. schleiferi schleiferi</em>, <em>S. sciuri</em>, <em>S. sciuri carnaticus</em>, <em>S. sciuri lentus</em>, <em>S. sciuri rodentium</em>, <em>S. sciuri sciuri</em>, <em>S. shinii</em>, <em>S. simulans</em>, <em>S. stepanovicii</em>, <em>S. succinus</em>, <em>S. succinus casei</em>, <em>S. succinus succinus</em>, <em>S. taiwanensis</em>, <em>S. urealyticus</em>, <em>S. ureilyticus</em>, <em>S. veratri</em>, <em>S. vitulinus</em>, <em>S. vitulus</em>, <em>S. warneri</em>, and <em>S. xylosus</em>.<br> The following 16 staphylococci will be converted to the <strong>coagulase-positive group</strong>: <em>S. agnetis</em>, <em>S. argenteus</em>, <em>S. coagulans</em>, <em>S. cornubiensis</em>, <em>S. delphini</em>, <em>S. hyicus</em>, <em>S. hyicus chromogenes</em>, <em>S. hyicus hyicus</em>, <em>S. intermedius</em>, <em>S. lutrae</em>, <em>S. pseudintermedius</em>, <em>S. roterodami</em>, <em>S. schleiferi coagulans</em>, <em>S. schweitzeri</em>, <em>S. simiae</em>, and <em>S. singaporensis</em>.</p>
<p>With <code>Lancefield = TRUE</code>, the following streptococci will be converted to their corresponding Lancefield group: <em>S. agalactiae</em> (Group B), <em>S. anginosus anginosus</em> (Group F), <em>S. anginosus whileyi</em> (Group F), <em>S. anginosus</em> (Group F), <em>S. canis</em> (Group G), <em>S. dysgalactiae dysgalactiae</em> (Group C), <em>S. dysgalactiae equisimilis</em> (Group C), <em>S. dysgalactiae</em> (Group C), <em>S. equi equi</em> (Group C), <em>S. equi ruminatorum</em> (Group C), <em>S. equi zooepidemicus</em> (Group C), <em>S. equi</em> (Group C), <em>S. pyogenes</em> (Group A), <em>S. salivarius salivarius</em> (Group K), <em>S. salivarius thermophilus</em> (Group K), <em>S. salivarius</em> (Group K), and <em>S. sanguinis</em> (Group H).</p><div class="section">
<p>The <code>as.mo()</code> function uses a novel and scientifically validated (<a href="https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v104.i03" class="external-link">doi:10.18637/jss.v104.i03</a>
) matching score algorithm (see <em>Matching Score for Microorganisms</em> below) to match input against the <a href="microorganisms.html">available microbial taxonomy</a> in this package. This implicates that e.g. <code>"E. coli"</code> (a microorganism highly prevalent in humans) will return the microbial ID of <em>Escherichia coli</em> and not <em>Entamoeba coli</em> (a microorganism less prevalent in humans), although the latter would alphabetically come first.</p><div class="section">
<h3 id="coping-with-uncertain-results">Coping with Uncertain Results<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#coping-with-uncertain-results"></a></h3>
<p>Results of non-exact taxonomic input are based on their <a href="mo_matching_score.html">matching score</a>. The lowest allowed score can be set with the <code>minimum_matching_score</code> argument. At default this will be determined based on the character length of the input, and the <a href="microorganisms.html">taxonomic kingdom</a> and <a href="mo_matching_score.html">human pathogenicity</a> of the taxonomic outcome. If values are matched with uncertainty, a message will be shown to suggest the user to evaluate the results with <code>mo_uncertainties()</code>, which returns a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with all specifications.</p>
<p>To increase the quality of matching, the <code>cleaning_regex</code> argument can be used to clean the input (i.e., <code>x</code>). This must be a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/regex.html" class="external-link">regular expression</a> that matches parts of the input that should be removed before the input is matched against the <a href="microorganisms.html">available microbial taxonomy</a>. It will be matched Perl-compatible and case-insensitive. The default value of <code>cleaning_regex</code> is the outcome of the helper function <code>mo_cleaning_regex()</code>.</p>
<p>Results of non-exact taxonomic input are based on their <a href="mo_matching_score.html">matching score</a>. The lowest allowed score can be set with the <code>minimum_matching_score</code> argument. At default this will be determined based on the character length of the input, the <a href="microorganisms.html">taxonomic kingdom</a>, and the <a href="mo_matching_score.html">human pathogenicity</a> of the taxonomic outcome. If values are matched with uncertainty, a message will be shown to suggest the user to inspect the results with <code>mo_uncertainties()</code>, which returns a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with all specifications.</p>
<p>To increase the quality of matching, the <code>cleaning_regex</code> argument is used to clean the input. This must be a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/regex.html" class="external-link">regular expression</a> that matches parts of the input that should be removed before the input is matched against the <a href="microorganisms.html">available microbial taxonomy</a>. It will be matched Perl-compatible and case-insensitive. The default value of <code>cleaning_regex</code> is the outcome of the helper function <code>mo_cleaning_regex()</code>.</p>
<p>There are three helper functions that can be run after using the <code>as.mo()</code> function:</p><ul><li><p>Use <code>mo_uncertainties()</code> to get a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> that prints in a pretty format with all taxonomic names that were guessed. The output contains the matching score for all matches (see <em>Matching Score for Microorganisms</em> below).</p></li>
<li><p>Use <code>mo_failures()</code> to get a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/character.html" class="external-link">character</a> <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/vector.html" class="external-link">vector</a> with all values that could not be coerced to a valid value.</p></li>
<li><p>Use <code>mo_renamed()</code> to get a <a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a> with all values that could be coerced based on old, previously accepted taxonomic names.</p></li>
</ul></div>
<div class="section">
<h3 id="microbial-prevalence-of-pathogens-in-humans">Microbial Prevalence of Pathogens in Humans<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#microbial-prevalence-of-pathogens-in-humans"></a></h3>
<h3 id="for-mycologists">For Mycologists<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#for-mycologists"></a></h3>
<p>The coercion rules consider the prevalence of microorganisms in humans, which is available as the <code>prevalence</code> column in the <a href="microorganisms.html">microorganisms</a> data set. The grouping into human pathogenic prevalence is explained in the section <em>Matching Score for Microorganisms</em> below.</p>
<p>The <a href="mo_matching_score.html">matching score algorithm</a> gives precedence to bacteria over fungi. If you are only analysing fungi, be sure to use <code>only_fungi = TRUE</code>, or better yet, add this to your code and run it once every session:</p>
<p></p><div class="sourceCode r"><pre><code><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/options.html" class="external-link">options</a></span><span class="op">(</span>AMR_only_fungi <span class="op">=</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre><p></p></div>
<p>This will make sure that no bacteria or other 'non-fungi' will be returned by <code>as.mo()</code>, or any of the <code><a href="mo_property.html">mo_*</a></code> functions.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h3 id="coagulase-negative-and-coagulase-positive-staphylococci">Coagulase-negative and Coagulase-positive Staphylococci<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#coagulase-negative-and-coagulase-positive-staphylococci"></a></h3>
<p>With <code>Becker = TRUE</code>, the following staphylococci will be converted to their corresponding coagulase group:</p><ul><li><p>Coagulase-negative: <em>S. americanisciuri</em>, <em>S. argensis</em>, <em>S. arlettae</em>, <em>S. auricularis</em>, <em>S. borealis</em>, <em>S. brunensis</em>, <em>S. caeli</em>, <em>S. caledonicus</em>, <em>S. canis</em>, <em>S. capitis</em>, <em>S. capitis capitis</em>, <em>S. capitis urealyticus</em>, <em>S. capitis ureolyticus</em>, <em>S. caprae</em>, <em>S. carnosus</em>, <em>S. carnosus carnosus</em>, <em>S. carnosus utilis</em>, <em>S. casei</em>, <em>S. caseolyticus</em>, <em>S. chromogenes</em>, <em>S. cohnii</em>, <em>S. cohnii cohnii</em>, <em>S. cohnii urealyticum</em>, <em>S. cohnii urealyticus</em>, <em>S. condimenti</em>, <em>S. croceilyticus</em>, <em>S. debuckii</em>, <em>S. devriesei</em>, <em>S. durrellii</em>, <em>S. edaphicus</em>, <em>S. epidermidis</em>, <em>S. equorum</em>, <em>S. equorum equorum</em>, <em>S. equorum linens</em>, <em>S. felis</em>, <em>S. fleurettii</em>, <em>S. gallinarum</em>, <em>S. haemolyticus</em>, <em>S. hominis</em>, <em>S. hominis hominis</em>, <em>S. hominis novobiosepticus</em>, <em>S. jettensis</em>, <em>S. kloosii</em>, <em>S. lentus</em>, <em>S. lloydii</em>, <em>S. lugdunensis</em>, <em>S. marylandisciuri</em>, <em>S. massiliensis</em>, <em>S. microti</em>, <em>S. muscae</em>, <em>S. nepalensis</em>, <em>S. pasteuri</em>, <em>S. petrasii</em>, <em>S. petrasii croceilyticus</em>, <em>S. petrasii jettensis</em>, <em>S. petrasii petrasii</em>, <em>S. petrasii pragensis</em>, <em>S. pettenkoferi</em>, <em>S. piscifermentans</em>, <em>S. pragensis</em>, <em>S. pseudoxylosus</em>, <em>S. pulvereri</em>, <em>S. ratti</em>, <em>S. rostri</em>, <em>S. saccharolyticus</em>, <em>S. saprophyticus</em>, <em>S. saprophyticus bovis</em>, <em>S. saprophyticus saprophyticus</em>, <em>S. schleiferi</em>, <em>S. schleiferi schleiferi</em>, <em>S. sciuri</em>, <em>S. sciuri carnaticus</em>, <em>S. sciuri lentus</em>, <em>S. sciuri rodentium</em>, <em>S. sciuri sciuri</em>, <em>S. shinii</em>, <em>S. simulans</em>, <em>S. stepanovicii</em>, <em>S. succinus</em>, <em>S. succinus casei</em>, <em>S. succinus succinus</em>, <em>S. taiwanensis</em>, <em>S. urealyticus</em>, <em>S. ureilyticus</em>, <em>S. veratri</em>, <em>S. vitulinus</em>, <em>S. vitulus</em>, <em>S. warneri</em>, and <em>S. xylosus</em></p></li>
<li><p>Coagulase-positive: <em>S. agnetis</em>, <em>S. argenteus</em>, <em>S. coagulans</em>, <em>S. cornubiensis</em>, <em>S. delphini</em>, <em>S. hyicus</em>, <em>S. hyicus chromogenes</em>, <em>S. hyicus hyicus</em>, <em>S. intermedius</em>, <em>S. lutrae</em>, <em>S. pseudintermedius</em>, <em>S. roterodami</em>, <em>S. schleiferi coagulans</em>, <em>S. schweitzeri</em>, <em>S. simiae</em>, and <em>S. singaporensis</em></p></li>
</ul><p>This is based on:</p><ul><li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2014). <strong>Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci.</strong> <em>Clin Microbiol Rev.</em> 27(4): 870-926; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-13" class="external-link">doi:10.1128/CMR.00109-13</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2019). <strong>Implications of identifying the recently defined members of the <em>S. aureus</em> complex, <em>S. argenteus</em> and <em>S. schweitzeri</em>: A position paper of members of the ESCMID Study Group for staphylococci and Staphylococcal Diseases (ESGS).</strong> <em>Clin Microbiol Infect</em>; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028" class="external-link">doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2020). <strong>Emergence of coagulase-negative staphylococci.</strong> <em>Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther.</em> 18(4):349-366; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2020.1730813" class="external-link">doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1730813</a></p></li>
</ul><p>For newly named staphylococcal species, such as <em>S. brunensis</em> (2024) and <em>S. shinii</em> (2023), we looked up the scientific reference to make sure the species are considered for the correct coagulase group.</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h3 id="lancefield-groups-in-streptococci">Lancefield Groups in Streptococci<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#lancefield-groups-in-streptococci"></a></h3>
<p>With <code>Lancefield = TRUE</code>, the following streptococci will be converted to their corresponding Lancefield group:</p><ul><li><p>Streptococcus Group A: <em>S. pyogenes</em></p></li>
<li><p>Streptococcus Group B: <em>S. agalactiae</em></p></li>
<li><p>Streptococcus Group C: <em>S. dysgalactiae</em>, <em>S. dysgalactiae dysgalactiae</em>, <em>S. dysgalactiae equisimilis</em>, <em>S. equi</em>, <em>S. equi equi</em>, <em>S. equi ruminatorum</em>, and <em>S. equi zooepidemicus</em></p></li>
<li><p>Streptococcus Group F: <em>S. anginosus</em>, <em>S. anginosus anginosus</em>, <em>S. anginosus whileyi</em>, <em>S. constellatus</em>, <em>S. constellatus constellatus</em>, <em>S. constellatus pharyngis</em>, <em>S. constellatus viborgensis</em>, and <em>S. intermedius</em></p></li>
<li><p>Streptococcus Group G: <em>S. canis</em>, <em>S. dysgalactiae</em>, <em>S. dysgalactiae dysgalactiae</em>, and <em>S. dysgalactiae equisimilis</em></p></li>
<li><p>Streptococcus Group H: <em>S. sanguinis</em></p></li>
<li><p>Streptococcus Group K: <em>S. salivarius</em>, <em>S. salivarius salivarius</em>, and <em>S. salivarius thermophilus</em></p></li>
<li><p>Streptococcus Group L: <em>S. dysgalactiae</em>, <em>S. dysgalactiae dysgalactiae</em>, and <em>S. dysgalactiae equisimilis</em></p></li>
</ul><p>This is based on:</p><ul><li><p>Lancefield RC (1933). <strong>A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci.</strong> <em>J Exp Med.</em> 57(4): 571-95; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.57.4.571" class="external-link">doi:10.1084/jem.57.4.571</a></p></li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="source">Source<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#source"></a></h2>
<ol><li><p>Berends MS <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong>AMR: An R Package for Working with Antimicrobial Resistance Data</strong>. <em>Journal of Statistical Software</em>, 104(3), 1-31; <a href="https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v104.i03" class="external-link">doi:10.18637/jss.v104.i03</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2014). <strong>Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci.</strong> <em>Clin Microbiol Rev.</em> 27(4): 870-926; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00109-13" class="external-link">doi:10.1128/CMR.00109-13</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2019). <strong>Implications of identifying the recently defined members of the <em>S. aureus</em> complex, <em>S. argenteus</em> and <em>S. schweitzeri</em>: A position paper of members of the ESCMID Study Group for staphylococci and Staphylococcal Diseases (ESGS).</strong> <em>Clin Microbiol Infect</em>; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028" class="external-link">doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2019.02.028</a></p></li>
<li><p>Becker K <em>et al.</em> (2020). <strong>Emergence of coagulase-negative staphylococci.</strong> <em>Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther.</em> 18(4):349-366; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2020.1730813" class="external-link">doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1730813</a></p></li>
<li><p>Lancefield RC (1933). <strong>A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci.</strong> <em>J Exp Med.</em> 57(4): 571-95; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.57.4.571" class="external-link">doi:10.1084/jem.57.4.571</a></p></li>
<li><p>Berends MS <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong>Trends in Occurrence and Phenotypic Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) Found in Human Blood in the Northern Netherlands between 2013 and 2019/</strong> <em>Micro.rganisms</em> 10(9), 1801; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091801" class="external-link">doi:10.3390/microorganisms10091801</a></p></li>
<ul><li><p>Berends MS <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong>AMR: An R Package for Working with Antimicrobial Resistance Data</strong>. <em>Journal of Statistical Software</em>, 104(3), 1-31; <a href="https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v104.i03" class="external-link">doi:10.18637/jss.v104.i03</a></p></li>
<li><p>Parte, AC <em>et al.</em> (2020). <strong>List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ.</strong> International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 70, 5607-5612; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004332" class="external-link">doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332</a>
. Accessed from <a href="https://lpsn.dsmz.de" class="external-link">https://lpsn.dsmz.de</a> on June 24th, 2024.</p></li>
<li><p>Vincent, R <em>et al</em> (2013). <strong>MycoBank gearing up for new horizons.</strong> IMA Fungus, 4(2), 371-9; <a href="https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2013.04.02.16" class="external-link">doi:10.5598/imafungus.2013.04.02.16</a>
. Accessed from <a href="https://www.mycobank.org" class="external-link">https://www.mycobank.org</a> on June 24th, 2024.</p></li>
<li><p>GBIF Secretariat (2023). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset <a href="https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei" class="external-link">doi:10.15468/39omei</a>
. Accessed from <a href="https://www.gbif.org" class="external-link">https://www.gbif.org</a> on June 24th, 2024.</p></li>
<li><p>Reimer, LC <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong><em>BacDive</em> in 2022: the knowledge base for standardized bacterial and archaeal data.</strong> Nucleic Acids Res., 50(D1):D741-D74; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab961" class="external-link">doi:10.1093/nar/gkab961</a>
. Accessed from <a href="https://bacdive.dsmz.de" class="external-link">https://bacdive.dsmz.de</a> on July 16th, 2024.</p></li>
<li><p>Public Health Information Network Vocabulary Access and Distribution System (PHIN VADS). US Edition of SNOMED CT from 1 September 2020. Value Set Name 'Microorganism', OID 2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.1009 (v12). URL: <a href="https://phinvads.cdc.gov" class="external-link">https://phinvads.cdc.gov</a></p></li>
<li><p>Bartlett A <em>et al.</em> (2022). <strong>A comprehensive list of bacterial pathogens infecting humans</strong> <em>Microbiology</em> 168:001269; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.001269" class="external-link">doi:10.1099/mic.0.001269</a></p></li>
</ol></div>
</ul></div>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="matching-score-for-microorganisms">Matching Score for Microorganisms<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#matching-score-for-microorganisms"></a></h2>
@ -268,7 +299,7 @@
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># input will get cleaned up with the input given in the `cleaning_regex` argument,</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># which defaults to `mo_cleaning_regex()`:</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cat.html" class="external-link">cat</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mo_cleaning_regex</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="st">"\n"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ([^A-Za-z- \(\)\[\]{}]+|([({]|\[).+([})]|\])|(^| )(e?spp([^a-z]+|$)|e?ssp([^a-z]+|$)|serogr.?up[a-z]*|e?ss([^a-z]+|$)|e?sp([^a-z]+|$)|var([^a-z]+|$)|serovar[a-z]*|sube?species|biovar[a-z]*|e?species|Ig[ADEGM]|e?subsp|biotype|titer|dummy)) </span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> ([^A-Za-z- \(\)\[\]{}]+|([({]|\[).+([})]|\])|(^| )( ?[a-z-]+[-](resistant|susceptible) ?|e?spp([^a-z]+|$)|e?ssp([^a-z]+|$)|serogr.?up[a-z]*|e?ss([^a-z]+|$)|e?sp([^a-z]+|$)|var([^a-z]+|$)|serovar[a-z]*|sube?species|biovar[a-z]*|e?species|Ig[ADEGM]|e?subsp|biotype|titer|dummy)) </span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu">as.mo</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"Streptococcus group A"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-out co"><span class="r-pr">#&gt;</span> Class 'mo'</span>