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(v1.7.1.9023) Removed filter_ functions, new set_ab_names(), ATC code update, ab selector update, fixes #46 and fixed #47

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dr. M.S. (Matthijs) Berends 2021-08-16 21:54:34 +02:00
parent 4e1efd902c
commit a2d249962f
248 changed files with 2377 additions and 12201 deletions
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3
.Rbuildignore
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@ -23,8 +23,11 @@
^data-raw$
^\.lintr$
^tests/testthat/_snaps$
^vignettes/AMR.Rmd$
^vignettes/benchmarks.Rmd$
^vignettes/datasets.Rmd$
^vignettes/EUCAST.Rmd$
^vignettes/MDR.Rmd$
^vignettes/PCA.Rmd$
^vignettes/resistance_predict.Rmd$
^vignettes/SPSS.Rmd$

8
.github/workflows/check.yaml vendored
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@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ jobs:
matrix:
config:
# these are the developmental version of R - we allow those tests to fail
- {os: macOS-latest, r: 'devel', allowfail: true}
- {os: windows-latest, r: 'devel', allowfail: true}
- {os: ubuntu-20.04, r: 'devel', allowfail: true, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest"}
- {os: macOS-latest, r: 'devel', allowfail: false}
- {os: windows-latest, r: 'devel', allowfail: false}
- {os: ubuntu-20.04, r: 'devel', allowfail: false, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest"}
# test all systems against all released versions of R >= 3.0, we support them all!
- {os: macOS-latest, r: '4.1', allowfail: false}
@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
- {os: windows-latest, r: '4.0', allowfail: false}
- {os: ubuntu-20.04, r: '4.0', allowfail: false, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest"}
- {os: macOS-latest, r: '3.6', allowfail: false}
- {os: windows-latest, r: '3.6', allowfail: true}
- {os: windows-latest, r: '3.6', allowfail: false}
- {os: ubuntu-20.04, r: '3.6', allowfail: false, rspm: "https://packagemanager.rstudio.com/cran/__linux__/focal/latest"}
- {os: macOS-latest, r: '3.5', allowfail: false}
- {os: windows-latest, r: '3.5', allowfail: false}

120
DESCRIPTION
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@ -1,65 +1,73 @@
Package: AMR
Version: 1.7.1.9022
Date: 2021-07-23
Version: 1.7.1.9023
Date: 2021-08-16
Title: Antimicrobial Resistance Data Analysis
Authors@R: c(
person(role = c("aut", "cre"),
family = "Berends", given = c("Matthijs", "S."), email = "m.s.berends@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0001-7620-1800")),
person(role = c("aut", "ctb"),
family = "Luz", given = c("Christian", "F."), email = "c.f.luz@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0001-5809-5995")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Friedrich", given = c("Alexander", "W."), email = "alex.friedrich@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-4881-038X")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Sinha", given = c("Bhanu", "N.", "M."), email = "b.sinha@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-1634-0010")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Albers", given = c("Casper", "J."), email = "c.j.albers@rug.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0002-9213-6743")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Glasner", given = "Corinna", email = "c.glasner@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-1241-1328")),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Fonville", given = c("Judith", "M."), email = "j.fonville@pamm.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Hassing", given = c("Erwin", "E.", "A."), email = "e.hassing@certe.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Hazenberg", given = c("Eric", "H.", "L.", "C.", "M."), email = "e.hazenberg@jbz.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Knight", given = "Gwen", email = "gwen.knight@lshtm.ac.uk"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Lenglet", given = "Annick", email = "annick.lenglet@amsterdam.msf.org"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Meijer", given = c("Bart", "C."), email = "b.meijerg@certe.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Ny", given = "Sofia", email = "sofia.ny@folkhalsomyndigheten.se"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Schade", given = c("Rogier", "P."), email = "r.schade@amsterdamumc.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Souverein", given = "Dennis", email = "d.souvereing@streeklabhaarlem.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Underwood", given = "Anthony", email = "au3@sanger.ac.uk"))
Description: Functions to simplify and standardise antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
data analysis and to work with microbial and antimicrobial properties by
using evidence-based methods and reliable reference data such as LPSN
<doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332>.
Depends:
R (>= 3.0.0)
Suggests:
cleaner,
curl,
dplyr,
ggplot2,
ggtext,
knitr,
microbenchmark,
pillar,
readxl,
rmarkdown,
rstudioapi,
rvest,
skimr,
tidyr,
tinytest,
vctrs,
xml2
VignetteBuilder: knitr,rmarkdown
Authors@R: c(
person(given = c("Matthijs", "S."),
family = "Berends",
email = "m.s.berends@umcg.nl",
role = c("aut", "cre"),
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0001-7620-1800")),
person(given = c("Christian", "F."),
family = "Luz",
role = c("aut", "ctb"),
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0001-5809-5995")),
person(given = c("Alexander", "W."),
family = "Friedrich",
role = c("aut", "ths"),
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-4881-038X")),
person(given = c("Bhanu", "N.", "M."),
family = "Sinha",
role = c("aut", "ths"),
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-1634-0010")),
person(given = c("Casper", "J."),
family = "Albers",
role = c("aut", "ths"),
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0002-9213-6743")),
person(given = "Corinna",
family = "Glasner",
role = c("aut", "ths"),
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-1241-1328")),
person(given = c("Judith", "M."),
family = "Fonville",
role = "ctb"),
person(given = c("Erwin", "E.", "A."),
family = "Hassing",
role = "ctb"),
person(given = c("Eric", "H.", "L.", "C.", "M."),
family = "Hazenberg",
role = "ctb"),
person(given = "Gwen",
family = "Knight",
role = "ctb",
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0002-7263-9896")),
person(given = "Annick",
family = "Lenglet",
role = "ctb",
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-2013-8405")),
person(given = c("Bart", "C."),
family = "Meijer",
role = "ctb"),
person(given = "Sofia",
family = "Ny",
role = "ctb",
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0002-2017-1363")),
person(given = c("Rogier", "P."),
family = "Schade",
role = "ctb"),
person(given = "Dennis",
family = "Souverein",
role = "ctb",
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-0455-0336")),
person(given = "Anthony",
family = "Underwood",
role = "ctb",
comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0002-8547-427")))
Depends: R (>= 3.0.0)
URL: https://github.com/msberends/AMR, https://msberends.github.io/AMR
BugReports: https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues
License: GPL-2 | file LICENSE

29
NAMESPACE
View File

@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ S3method("!=",ab_selector)
S3method("!=",mic)
S3method("%%",mic)
S3method("%/%",mic)
S3method("&",ab_selector)
S3method("&",mic)
S3method("*",mic)
S3method("+",mic)
@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ S3method("[[<-",mic)
S3method("[[<-",mo)
S3method("[[<-",rsi)
S3method("^",mic)
S3method("|",ab_selector)
S3method("|",mic)
S3method(abs,mic)
S3method(acos,mic)
@ -161,22 +163,28 @@ export(ab_atc_group2)
export(ab_cid)
export(ab_class)
export(ab_ddd)
export(ab_ddd_units)
export(ab_from_text)
export(ab_group)
export(ab_info)
export(ab_loinc)
export(ab_name)
export(ab_property)
export(ab_selector)
export(ab_synonyms)
export(ab_tradenames)
export(ab_url)
export(administrable_iv)
export(administrable_per_os)
export(age)
export(age_groups)
export(all_antimicrobials)
export(aminoglycosides)
export(aminopenicillins)
export(anti_join_microorganisms)
export(antifungals)
export(antimicrobials_equal)
export(antimycobacterials)
export(as.ab)
export(as.disk)
export(as.mic)
@ -212,24 +220,7 @@ export(eucast_dosage)
export(eucast_exceptional_phenotypes)
export(eucast_rules)
export(facet_rsi)
export(filter_1st_cephalosporins)
export(filter_2nd_cephalosporins)
export(filter_3rd_cephalosporins)
export(filter_4th_cephalosporins)
export(filter_5th_cephalosporins)
export(filter_ab_class)
export(filter_aminoglycosides)
export(filter_betalactams)
export(filter_carbapenems)
export(filter_cephalosporins)
export(filter_first_isolate)
export(filter_first_weighted_isolate)
export(filter_fluoroquinolones)
export(filter_glycopeptides)
export(filter_macrolides)
export(filter_oxazolidinones)
export(filter_penicillins)
export(filter_tetracyclines)
export(first_isolate)
export(fluoroquinolones)
export(full_join_microorganisms)
@ -253,8 +244,6 @@ export(is.rsi.eligible)
export(is_new_episode)
export(italicise_taxonomy)
export(italicize_taxonomy)
export(key_antibiotics)
export(key_antibiotics_equal)
export(key_antimicrobials)
export(kurtosis)
export(labels_rsi_count)
@ -323,12 +312,14 @@ export(rsi_predict)
export(scale_rsi_colours)
export(scale_y_percent)
export(semi_join_microorganisms)
export(set_ab_names)
export(set_mo_source)
export(skewness)
export(streptogramins)
export(susceptibility)
export(tetracyclines)
export(theme_rsi)
export(trimethoprims)
export(ureidopenicillins)
importFrom(graphics,arrows)
importFrom(graphics,axis)

30
NEWS.md
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@ -1,13 +1,30 @@
# `AMR` 1.7.1.9022
## <small>Last updated: 23 July 2021</small>
# `AMR` 1.7.1.9023
## <small>Last updated: 16 August 2021</small>
### Breaking changes
* Removed all `filter_*()` functions (except for `filter_first_isolate()`), which were all deprecated in a previous package version
* Removed the `key_antibiotics()` and `key_antibiotics_equal()` functions, which were deprecated and superseded by `key_antimicrobials()` and `antimicrobials_equal()`
* Removed all previously implemented `ggplot2::ggplot()` generics for classes `<mic>`, `<disk>`, `<rsi>` and `<resistance_predict>` as they did not follow the `ggplot2` logic. They were replaced with `ggplot2::autoplot()` generics.
### New
* Function `set_ab_names()` to rename data set columns that resemble antimicrobial drugs. This allows for quickly renaming columns to official names, ATC codes, etc.
### Changed
* Previously implemented `ggplot2::ggplot()` generics for classes `<mic>`, `<disk>`, `<rsi>` and `<resistance_predict>` did not follow the `ggplot2` logic, and were replaced with `autoplot()` generics.
* Antibiotic class selectors (see `ab_class()`)
* The `antibiotics` data set now contains **all ATC codes** that are available through the [WHOCC website](https://www.whocc.no), regardless of drugs being present in more than one ATC group. This means that:
* Some drugs now contain multiple ATC codes (e.g., metronidazole contains 5)
* `antibiotics$atc` is now a `list` instead of a `character`, and this `atc` column was moved to the 5th position of the `antibiotics` data set
* `ab_atc()` does not always return a character vector with length 1, and returns a `list` if the input is larger than length 1
* Antibiotic selectors
* They now also work in R-3.0 and R-3.1, supporting every version of R since 2013
* Added more selectors: `aminopenicillins()`, `lincosamides()`, `lipoglycopeptides()`, `polymyxins()`, `quinolones()`, `streptogramins()` and `ureidopenicillins()`
* Added more selectors for antibiotic classes: `aminopenicillins()`, `antifungals()`, `antimycobacterials()`, `lincosamides()`, `lipoglycopeptides()`, `polymyxins()`, `quinolones()`, `streptogramins()`, `trimethoprims()` and `ureidopenicillins()`
* Added specific selectors for certain types for treatment: `administrable_per_os()` and `administrable_iv()`, which are based on available Defined Daily Doses (DDDs), as defined by the WHOCC. These are ideal for e.g. analysing pathogens in primary care where IV treatment is not an option. They can be combined with other AB selectors, e.g. to select penicillins that are only administrable per os (i.e., orally):
```r
example_isolates[, penicillins() & administrable_per_os()] # base R
example_isolates %>% select(penicillins() & administrable_per_os()) # dplyr
```
* Fix for using selectors multiple times in one call (e.g., using them in `dplyr::filter()` and immediately after in `dplyr::select()`)
* Added argument `only_treatable`, which defaults to `TRUE` and will exclude drugs that are only for laboratory tests and not for treating patients (such as imipenem/EDTA and gentamicin-high)
* Fixed the Gram stain (`mo_gramstain()`) determination of the class Negativicutes within the phylum of Firmicutes - they were considered Gram-positives because of their phylum but are actually Gram-negative. This impacts 137 taxonomic species, genera and families, such as *Negativicoccus* and *Veillonella*.
* Fix for duplicate ATC codes in the `antibiotics` data set
* Fix to prevent introducing `NA`s for old MO codes when running `as.mo()` on them
* Added more informative error messages when any of the `proportion_*()` and `count_*()` functions fail
@ -16,12 +33,13 @@
* The right input types for `random_mic()`, `random_disk()` and `random_rsi()` are now enforced
* `as.rsi()` can now correct for textual input (such as "Susceptible", "Resistant") in Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish
* When warnings are thrown because of too few isolates in any `count_*()`, `proportion_*()` function (or `resistant()` or `susceptible()`), the `dplyr` group will be shown, if available
* `ab_name()` gained argument `snake_case`, which is useful for column renaming
* Fix for legends created with `scale_rsi_colours()` when using `ggplot2` v3.3.4 or higher (this is ggplot2 bug 4511, soon to be fixed)
* Fix for minor translation errors
* Fix for the MIC interpretation of *Morganellaceae* (such as *Morganella* and *Proteus*) when using the EUCAST 2021 guideline
* Improved algorithm for generating random MICs with `random_mic()`
* Improved plot legends for MICs and disk diffusion values
* Improved speed of `as.ab()` and all `ab_*()` functions
# AMR 1.7.1

20
R/aa_helper_functions.R
View File

@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ create_eucast_ab_documentation <- function() {
out
}
vector_or <- function(v, quotes = TRUE, reverse = FALSE, sort = TRUE, last_sep = " or ") {
vector_or <- function(v, quotes = TRUE, reverse = FALSE, sort = TRUE, initial_captital = FALSE, last_sep = " or ") {
# makes unique and sorts, and this also removed NAs
v <- unique(v)
if (isTRUE(sort)) {
@ -560,6 +560,9 @@ vector_or <- function(v, quotes = TRUE, reverse = FALSE, sort = TRUE, last_sep =
} else {
quotes <- quotes[1L]
}
if (isTRUE(initial_captital)) {
v[1] <- gsub("^([a-z])", "\\U\\1", v[1], perl = TRUE)
}
if (length(v) == 1) {
return(paste0(quotes, v, quotes))
}
@ -572,8 +575,9 @@ vector_or <- function(v, quotes = TRUE, reverse = FALSE, sort = TRUE, last_sep =
last_sep, paste0(quotes, v[length(v)], quotes))
}
vector_and <- function(v, quotes = TRUE, reverse = FALSE, sort = TRUE) {
vector_or(v = v, quotes = quotes, reverse = reverse, sort = sort, last_sep = " and ")
vector_and <- function(v, quotes = TRUE, reverse = FALSE, sort = TRUE, initial_captital = FALSE) {
vector_or(v = v, quotes = quotes, reverse = reverse, sort = sort,
initial_captital = initial_captital, last_sep = " and ")
}
format_class <- function(class, plural = FALSE) {
@ -840,17 +844,17 @@ unique_call_id <- function(entire_session = FALSE) {
}
message_not_thrown_before <- function(fn, entire_session = FALSE) {
# this is to prevent that messages/notes will be printed for every dplyr group
# this is to prevent that messages/notes will be printed for every dplyr group or more than once per session
# e.g. this would show a msg 4 times: example_isolates %>% group_by(hospital_id) %>% filter(mo_is_gram_negative())
test_out <- is.null(pkg_env[[paste0("thrown_msg.", fn)]]) || !identical(pkg_env[[paste0("thrown_msg.", fn)]],
unique_call_id(entire_session = entire_session))
if (isTRUE(test_out)) {
not_thrown_before <- is.null(pkg_env[[paste0("thrown_msg.", fn)]]) || !identical(pkg_env[[paste0("thrown_msg.", fn)]],
unique_call_id(entire_session = entire_session))
if (isTRUE(not_thrown_before)) {
# message was not thrown before - remember this so on the next run it will return FALSE:
assign(x = paste0("thrown_msg.", fn),
value = unique_call_id(entire_session = entire_session),
envir = pkg_env)
}
test_out
not_thrown_before
}
has_colour <- function() {

88
R/ab.R
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
#' @param ... arguments passed on to internal functions
#' @rdname as.ab
#' @inheritSection WHOCC WHOCC
#' @details All entries in the [antibiotics] data set have three different identifiers: a human readable EARS-Net code (column `ab`, used by ECDC and WHONET), an ATC code (column `atc`, used by WHO), and a CID code (column `cid`, Compound ID, used by PubChem). The data set contains more than 5,000 official brand names from many different countries, as found in PubChem.
#' @details All entries in the [antibiotics] data set have three different identifiers: a human readable EARS-Net code (column `ab`, used by ECDC and WHONET), an ATC code (column `atc`, used by WHO), and a CID code (column `cid`, Compound ID, used by PubChem). The data set contains more than 5,000 official brand names from many different countries, as found in PubChem. Not that some drugs contain multiple ATC codes.
#'
#' All these properties will be searched for the user input. The [as.ab()] can correct for different forms of misspelling:
#'
@ -101,6 +101,11 @@ as.ab <- function(x, flag_multiple_results = TRUE, info = interactive(), ...) {
if (is.ab(x)) {
return(x)
}
if (all(x %in% c(AB_lookup$ab, NA))) {
# all valid AB codes, but not yet right class
return(set_clean_class(x,
new_class = c("ab", "character")))
}
initial_search <- is.null(list(...)$initial_search)
already_regex <- isTRUE(list(...)$already_regex)
@ -110,24 +115,6 @@ as.ab <- function(x, flag_multiple_results = TRUE, info = interactive(), ...) {
x <- toupper(x)
x_nonNA <- x[!is.na(x)]
if (all(x_nonNA %in% antibiotics$ab, na.rm = TRUE)) {
# all valid AB codes, but not yet right class
return(set_clean_class(x,
new_class = c("ab", "character")))
}
if (all(x_nonNA %in% toupper(antibiotics$name), na.rm = TRUE)) {
# all valid AB names
out <- antibiotics$ab[match(x, toupper(antibiotics$name))]
out[is.na(x)] <- NA_character_
return(out)
}
if (all(x_nonNA %in% antibiotics$atc, na.rm = TRUE)) {
# all valid ATC codes
out <- antibiotics$ab[match(x, antibiotics$atc)]
out[is.na(x)] <- NA_character_
return(out)
}
# remove diacritics
x <- iconv(x, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT")
x <- gsub('"', "", x, fixed = TRUE)
@ -155,13 +142,29 @@ as.ab <- function(x, flag_multiple_results = TRUE, info = interactive(), ...) {
found[1L]
}
if (initial_search == TRUE) {
progress <- progress_ticker(n = length(x), n_min = 25, print = info) # start if n >= 25
# Fill in names, AB codes, CID codes and ATC codes directly (`x` is already clean and uppercase)
known_names <- x %in% AB_lookup$generalised_name
x_new[known_names] <- AB_lookup$ab[match(x[known_names], AB_lookup$generalised_name)]
known_codes_ab <- x %in% AB_lookup$ab
known_codes_atc <- vapply(FUN.VALUE = logical(1), x, function(x_) x_ %in% unlist(AB_lookup$atc), USE.NAMES = FALSE)
known_codes_cid <- x %in% AB_lookup$cid
x_new[known_codes_ab] <- AB_lookup$ab[match(x[known_codes_ab], AB_lookup$ab)]
x_new[known_codes_atc] <- AB_lookup$ab[vapply(FUN.VALUE = integer(1),
x[known_codes_atc],
function(x_) which(vapply(FUN.VALUE = logical(1),
AB_lookup$atc,
function(atc) x_ %in% atc)),
USE.NAMES = FALSE)]
x_new[known_codes_cid] <- AB_lookup$ab[match(x[known_codes_cid], AB_lookup$cid)]
already_known <- known_names | known_codes_ab | known_codes_atc | known_codes_cid
if (initial_search == TRUE & sum(already_known) < length(x)) {
progress <- progress_ticker(n = sum(!already_known), n_min = 25, print = info) # start if n >= 25
on.exit(close(progress))
}
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
for (i in which(!already_known)) {
if (initial_search == TRUE) {
progress$tick()
}
@ -189,34 +192,6 @@ as.ab <- function(x, flag_multiple_results = TRUE, info = interactive(), ...) {
next
}
# exact name
found <- antibiotics[which(AB_lookup$generalised_name == x[i]), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# exact AB code
found <- antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == x[i]), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- note_if_more_than_one_found(found, i, from_text)
next
}
# exact ATC code
found <- antibiotics[which(antibiotics$atc == x[i]), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- note_if_more_than_one_found(found, i, from_text)
next
}
# exact CID code
found <- antibiotics[which(antibiotics$cid == x[i]), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- note_if_more_than_one_found(found, i, from_text)
next
}
# exact LOINC code
loinc_found <- unlist(lapply(AB_lookup$generalised_loinc,
function(s) x[i] %in% s))
@ -296,7 +271,7 @@ as.ab <- function(x, flag_multiple_results = TRUE, info = interactive(), ...) {
x_new[i] <- note_if_more_than_one_found(found, i, from_text)
next
}
# INITIAL SEARCH - More uncertain results ----
if (initial_search == TRUE && fast_mode == FALSE) {
@ -461,7 +436,7 @@ as.ab <- function(x, flag_multiple_results = TRUE, info = interactive(), ...) {
x_unknown <- c(x_unknown, x_bak[x[i] == x_bak_clean][1])
}
if (initial_search == TRUE) {
if (initial_search == TRUE & sum(already_known) < length(x)) {
close(progress)
}
@ -479,11 +454,8 @@ as.ab <- function(x, flag_multiple_results = TRUE, info = interactive(), ...) {
vector_and(x_unknown), ".",
call = FALSE)
}
x_result <- data.frame(x = x_bak_clean, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %pm>%
pm_left_join(data.frame(x = x, x_new = x_new, stringsAsFactors = FALSE), by = "x") %pm>%
pm_pull(x_new)
x_result <- x_new[match(x_bak_clean, x)]
if (length(x_result) == 0) {
x_result <- NA_character_
}

301
R/ab_class_selectors.R
View File

@ -23,23 +23,31 @@
# how to conduct AMR data analysis: https://msberends.github.io/AMR/ #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Antibiotic Class Selectors
#' Antibiotic Selectors
#'
#' These functions allow for filtering rows and selecting columns based on antibiotic test results that are of a specific antibiotic class, without the need to define the columns or antibiotic abbreviations.
#' These functions allow for filtering rows and selecting columns based on antibiotic test results that are of a specific antibiotic class or group, without the need to define the columns or antibiotic abbreviations. In short, if you have a column name that resembles an antimicrobial agent, it will be picked up by any of these functions that matches its pharmaceutical class: "cefazolin", "CZO" and "J01DB04" will all be picked up by [cephalosporins()].
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable Lifecycle
#' @param ab_class an antimicrobial class, such as `"carbapenems"`. The columns `group`, `atc_group1` and `atc_group2` of the [antibiotics] data set will be searched (case-insensitive) for this value.
#' @param filter an [expression] to be evaluated in the [antibiotics] data set, such as `name %like% "trim"`
#' @param only_rsi_columns a [logical] to indicate whether only columns of class `<rsi>` must be selected (defaults to `FALSE`), see [as.rsi()]
#' @param only_treatable a [logical] to indicate whether agents that are only for laboratory tests should be excluded (defaults to `TRUE`), such as gentamicin-high (`GEH`) and imipenem/EDTA (`IPE`)
#' @details
#' These functions can be used in data set calls for selecting columns and filtering rows. They are heavily inspired by the [Tidyverse selection helpers][tidyselect::language] such as [`everything()`][tidyselect::everything()], but also work in base \R and not only in `dplyr` verbs. Nonetheless, they are very convenient to use with `dplyr` functions such as [`select()`][dplyr::select()], [`filter()`][dplyr::filter()] and [`summarise()`][dplyr::summarise()], see *Examples*.
#'
#' All columns in the data in which these functions are called will be searched for known antibiotic names, abbreviations, brand names, and codes (ATC, EARS-Net, WHO, etc.) according to the [antibiotics] data set. This means that a selector such as [aminoglycosides()] will pick up column names like 'gen', 'genta', 'J01GB03', 'tobra', 'Tobracin', etc. Use the [ab_class()] function to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class.
#' All columns in the data in which these functions are called will be searched for known antibiotic names, abbreviations, brand names, and codes (ATC, EARS-Net, WHO, etc.) according to the [antibiotics] data set. This means that a selector such as [aminoglycosides()] will pick up column names like 'gen', 'genta', 'J01GB03', 'tobra', 'Tobracin', etc.
#'
#' @section Full list of supported agents:
#' The [ab_class()] function can be used to filter/select on a manually defined antibiotic class. It searches for results in the [antibiotics] data set within the columns `name`, `atc_group1` and `atc_group2`.
#'
#' `r paste0("* ", sapply(c("AMINOGLYCOSIDES", "AMINOPENICILLINS", "BETALACTAMS", "CARBAPENEMS", "CEPHALOSPORINS", "CEPHALOSPORINS_1ST", "CEPHALOSPORINS_2ND", "CEPHALOSPORINS_3RD", "CEPHALOSPORINS_4TH", "CEPHALOSPORINS_5TH", "FLUOROQUINOLONES", "GLYCOPEPTIDES", "LINCOSAMIDES", "LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDES", "MACROLIDES", "OXAZOLIDINONES", "PENICILLINS", "POLYMYXINS", "STREPTOGRAMINS", "QUINOLONES", "TETRACYCLINES", "UREIDOPENICILLINS"), function(x) paste0("``", tolower(x), "()`` can select ", vector_and(paste0(ab_name(eval(parse(text = x), envir = asNamespace("AMR")), language = NULL, tolower = TRUE), " (", eval(parse(text = x), envir = asNamespace("AMR")), ")"), quotes = FALSE))), "\n", collapse = "")`
#' The [ab_selector()] function can be used to internally filter the [antibiotics] data set on any results, see *Examples*. It allows for filtering on a (part of) a certain name, and/or a group name or even a minimum of DDDs for oral treatment. This function yields the highest flexibility, but is also the least user-friendly, since it requires a hard-coded filter to set.
#'
#' The [administrable_per_os()] and [administrable_iv()] functions also rely on the [antibiotics] data set - antibiotic columns will be matched where a DDD (defined daily dose) for resp. oral and IV treatment is available in the [antibiotics] data set.
#'
#' @section Full list of supported (antibiotic) classes:
#'
#' `r paste0(" * ", na.omit(sapply(DEFINED_AB_GROUPS, function(ab) ifelse(tolower(gsub("^AB_", "", ab)) %in% ls(envir = asNamespace("AMR")), paste0("[", tolower(gsub("^AB_", "", ab)), "()] can select: \\cr ", vector_and(paste0(ab_name(eval(parse(text = ab), envir = asNamespace("AMR")), language = NULL, tolower = TRUE), " (", eval(parse(text = ab), envir = asNamespace("AMR")), ")"), quotes = FALSE, sort = TRUE)), character(0)), USE.NAMES = FALSE)), "\n", collapse = "")`
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @name antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @return (internally) a [character] vector of column names, with additional class `"ab_selector"`
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Reference Data Publicly Available
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on Our Website!
@ -55,6 +63,9 @@
#' # select columns 'mo', 'AMK', 'GEN', 'KAN' and 'TOB'
#' example_isolates[, c("mo", aminoglycosides())]
#'
#' # select only antibiotic columns with DDDs for oral treatment
#' example_isolates[, administrable_per_os()]
#'
#' # filter using any() or all()
#' example_isolates[any(carbapenems() == "R"), ]
#' subset(example_isolates, any(carbapenems() == "R"))
@ -69,6 +80,13 @@
#' # filter + select in one go: get penicillins in carbapenems-resistant strains
#' example_isolates[any(carbapenems() == "R"), penicillins()]
#'
#' # You can combine selectors with '&' to be more specific. For example,
#' # penicillins() would select benzylpenicillin ('peni G') and
#' # administrable_per_os() would select erythromycin. Yet, when combined these
#' # drugs are both omitted since benzylpenicillin is not administrable per os
#' # and erythromycin is not a penicillin:
#' example_isolates[, penicillins() & administrable_per_os()]
#'
#'
#' # dplyr -------------------------------------------------------------------
#' \donttest{
@ -78,6 +96,16 @@
#' example_isolates %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(across(aminoglycosides(), resistance))
#'
#' # You can combine selectors with '&' to be more specific:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(penicillins() & administrable_per_os())
#'
#' # get susceptibility for antibiotics whose name contains "trim":
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter(first_isolate()) %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(across(ab_selector(name %like% "trim"), susceptibility))
#'
#' # this will select columns 'IPM' (imipenem) and 'MEM' (meropenem):
#' example_isolates %>%
@ -129,22 +157,146 @@ ab_class <- function(ab_class,
meet_criteria(ab_class, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE)
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(only_treatable, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector(NULL, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, ab_class = ab_class, only_treatable = only_treatable)
ab_select_exec(NULL, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, ab_class = ab_class, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
ab_selector <- function(filter,
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
only_treatable = TRUE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(only_treatable, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
# get_current_data() has to run each time, for cases where e.g., filter() and select() are used in same call
# but it only takes a couple of milliseconds
vars_df <- get_current_data(arg_name = NA, call = -2)
# to improve speed, get_column_abx() will only run once when e.g. in a select or group call
ab_in_data <- get_column_abx(vars_df, info = FALSE, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, sort = FALSE)
call <- substitute(filter)
agents <- tryCatch(AMR::antibiotics[which(eval(call, envir = AMR::antibiotics)), "ab", drop = TRUE],
error = function(e) stop_(e$message, call = -5))
agents <- ab_in_data[ab_in_data %in% agents]
message_agent_names(function_name = "ab_selector",
agents = agents,
ab_group = NULL,
examples = "",
call = call)
structure(unname(agents),
class = c("ab_selector", "character"))
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
administrable_per_os <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
# get_current_data() has to run each time, for cases where e.g., filter() and select() are used in same call
# but it only takes a couple of milliseconds
vars_df <- get_current_data(arg_name = NA, call = -2)
# to improve speed, get_column_abx() will only run once when e.g. in a select or group call
ab_in_data <- get_column_abx(vars_df, info = FALSE, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, sort = FALSE)
agents_all <- antibiotics[which(!is.na(antibiotics$oral_ddd)), "ab", drop = TRUE]
agents <- antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab %in% ab_in_data & !is.na(antibiotics$oral_ddd)), "ab", drop = TRUE]
agents <- ab_in_data[ab_in_data %in% agents]
message_agent_names(function_name = "administrable_per_os",
agents = agents,
ab_group = "administrable_per_os",
examples = paste0(" (such as ",
vector_or(ab_name(sample(agents_all,
size = min(5, length(agents_all)),
replace = FALSE),
tolower = TRUE,
language = NULL),
quotes = FALSE),
")"))
structure(unname(agents),
class = c("ab_selector", "character"))
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
administrable_iv <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
# get_current_data() has to run each time, for cases where e.g., filter() and select() are used in same call
# but it only takes a couple of milliseconds
vars_df <- get_current_data(arg_name = NA, call = -2)
# to improve speed, get_column_abx() will only run once when e.g. in a select or group call
ab_in_data <- get_column_abx(vars_df, info = FALSE, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, sort = FALSE)
agents_all <- antibiotics[which(!is.na(antibiotics$iv_ddd)), "ab", drop = TRUE]
agents <- antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab %in% ab_in_data & !is.na(antibiotics$iv_ddd)), "ab", drop = TRUE]
agents <- ab_in_data[ab_in_data %in% agents]
message_agent_names(function_name = "administrable_iv",
agents = agents,
ab_group = "administrable_iv",
examples = "")
structure(unname(agents),
class = c("ab_selector", "character"))
}
# nolint start
# #' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
# #' @export
# not_intrinsic_resistant <- function(mo, ..., only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
# meet_criteria(mo, allow_class = c("mo", "data.frame", "list", "character", "numeric", "integer", "factor"), has_length = 1, allow_NA = FALSE)
# meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
#
# x <- as.mo(mo, ...)
# wont_work <- intrinsic_resistant[which(intrinsic_resistant$microorganism == mo_name(x, language = NULL)),
# "antibiotic",
# drop = TRUE]
#
# # get_current_data() has to run each time, for cases where e.g., filter() and select() are used in same call
# # but it only takes a couple of milliseconds
# vars_df <- get_current_data(arg_name = NA, call = -2)
# # to improve speed, get_column_abx() will only run once when e.g. in a select or group call
# ab_in_data <- get_column_abx(vars_df, info = FALSE, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, sort = FALSE)
#
# agents <- ab_in_data[!names(ab_in_data) %in% as.character(as.ab(wont_work))]
#
# # show used version number once per session (pkg_env will reload every session)
# if (message_not_thrown_before("intrinsic_resistant_version.ab", entire_session = TRUE)) {
# message_("Determining intrinsic resistance based on ",
# format_eucast_version_nr(3.2, markdown = FALSE), ". ",
# font_red("This note will be shown once per session."))
# }
#
# message_agent_names(function_name = "not_intrinsic_resistant",
# agents = ab_in_data,
# ab_group = NULL,
# examples = "",
# call = mo_name(x, language = NULL))
#
# agents
# }
# nolint end
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
aminoglycosides <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, only_treatable = TRUE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(only_treatable, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("aminoglycosides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
ab_select_exec("aminoglycosides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
aminopenicillins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("aminopenicillins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("aminopenicillins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
antifungals <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_select_exec("antifungals", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
antimycobacterials <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_select_exec("antimycobacterials", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
@ -152,7 +304,7 @@ aminopenicillins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
betalactams <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, only_treatable = TRUE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(only_treatable, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("betalactams", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
ab_select_exec("betalactams", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
@ -160,98 +312,98 @@ betalactams <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, only_treatable = TRUE) {
carbapenems <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, only_treatable = TRUE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(only_treatable, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("carbapenems", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
ab_select_exec("carbapenems", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
cephalosporins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("cephalosporins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("cephalosporins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
cephalosporins_1st <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("cephalosporins_1st", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("cephalosporins_1st", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
cephalosporins_2nd <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("cephalosporins_2nd", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("cephalosporins_2nd", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
cephalosporins_3rd <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("cephalosporins_3rd", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("cephalosporins_3rd", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
cephalosporins_4th <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("cephalosporins_4th", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("cephalosporins_4th", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
cephalosporins_5th <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("cephalosporins_5th", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("cephalosporins_5th", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
fluoroquinolones <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("fluoroquinolones", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("fluoroquinolones", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
glycopeptides <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("glycopeptides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("glycopeptides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
lincosamides <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("lincosamides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("lincosamides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
lipoglycopeptides <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("lipoglycopeptides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("lipoglycopeptides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
macrolides <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("macrolides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("macrolides", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
oxazolidinones <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("oxazolidinones", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("oxazolidinones", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
penicillins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("penicillins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("penicillins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
@ -259,47 +411,54 @@ penicillins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
polymyxins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE, only_treatable = TRUE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(only_treatable, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("polymyxins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
ab_select_exec("polymyxins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, only_treatable = only_treatable)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
streptogramins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("streptogramins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("streptogramins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
quinolones <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("quinolones", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("quinolones", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
tetracyclines <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("tetracyclines", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("tetracyclines", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
trimethoprims <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_select_exec("trimethoprims", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
#' @rdname antibiotic_class_selectors
#' @export
ureidopenicillins <- function(only_rsi_columns = FALSE) {
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
ab_selector("ureidopenicillins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
ab_select_exec("ureidopenicillins", only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns)
}
ab_selector <- function(function_name,
only_rsi_columns,
only_treatable = FALSE,
ab_class = NULL) {
ab_select_exec <- function(function_name,
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
only_treatable = FALSE,
ab_class = NULL) {
# get_current_data() has to run each time, for cases where e.g., filter() and select() are used in same call
# but it only takes a couple of milliseconds
vars_df <- get_current_data(arg_name = NA, call = -3)
# to improve speed, get_column_abx() will only run once when e.g. in a select or group call
ab_in_data <- get_column_abx(vars_df, info = FALSE, only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns, sort = FALSE)
# untreatable drugs
untreatable <- antibiotics[which(antibiotics$name %like% "-high|EDTA|polysorbate"), "ab", drop = TRUE]
if (only_treatable == TRUE & any(untreatable %in% names(ab_in_data))) {
@ -323,7 +482,8 @@ ab_selector <- function(function_name,
if (is.null(ab_class)) {
# their upper case equivalent are vectors with class <ab>, created in data-raw/_internals.R
abx <- get(toupper(function_name), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
# carbapenems() gets its codes from AMR:::AB_CARBAPENEMS
abx <- get(paste0("AB_", toupper(function_name)), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
ab_group <- function_name
examples <- paste0(" (such as ", vector_or(ab_name(sample(abx, size = min(2, length(abx)), replace = FALSE),
tolower = TRUE,
@ -339,27 +499,14 @@ ab_selector <- function(function_name,
function_name <- "ab_class"
examples <- paste0(" (such as ", find_ab_names(ab_class, 2), ")")
}
# get the columns with a group names in the chosen ab class
agents <- ab_in_data[names(ab_in_data) %in% abx]
if (message_not_thrown_before(paste0(function_name, ".", paste(sort(agents), collapse = "|")))) {
if (length(agents) == 0) {
message_("No antimicrobial agents of class '", ab_group, "' found", examples, ".")
} else {
agents_formatted <- paste0("'", font_bold(agents, collapse = NULL), "'")
agents_names <- ab_name(names(agents), tolower = TRUE, language = NULL)
need_name <- generalise_antibiotic_name(agents) != generalise_antibiotic_name(agents_names)
agents_formatted[need_name] <- paste0(agents_formatted[need_name], " (", agents_names[need_name], ")")
message_("For `", function_name, "(",
ifelse(function_name == "ab_class",
paste0("\"", ab_class, "\""),
""),
")` using ",
ifelse(length(agents) == 1, "column ", "columns "),
vector_and(agents_formatted, quotes = FALSE, sort = FALSE))
}
}
message_agent_names(function_name = function_name,
agents = agents,
ab_group = ab_group,
examples = examples)
structure(unname(agents),
class = c("ab_selector", "character"))
@ -486,6 +633,25 @@ any.ab_selector_any_all <- function(..., na.rm = FALSE) {
class = c("ab_selector_any_all", "logical"))
}
#' @method & ab_selector
#' @export
#' @noRd
`&.ab_selector` <- function(e1, e2) {
# this is only required for base R, since tidyselect has already implemented this
# e.g., for: example_isolates[, penicillins() & administrable_per_os()]
structure(intersect(unclass(e1), unclass(e2)),
class = c("ab_selector", "character"))
}
#' @method | ab_selector
#' @export
#' @noRd
`|.ab_selector` <- function(e1, e2) {
# this is only required for base R, since tidyselect has already implemented this
# e.g., for: example_isolates[, penicillins() | administrable_per_os()]
structure(union(unclass(e1), unclass(e2)),
class = c("ab_selector", "character"))
}
is_any <- function(el1) {
syscall <- paste0(trimws(deparse(sys.calls()[[1]])), collapse = " ")
el1 <- gsub("(.*),.*", "\\1", el1)
@ -497,7 +663,6 @@ is_all <- function(el1) {
syscall %like% paste0("[^_a-zA-Z0-9]all\\(", "(c\\()?", el1)
}
find_ab_group <- function(ab_class) {
ab_class <- gsub("[^a-zA-Z0-9]", ".*", ab_class)
AB_lookup %pm>%
@ -534,3 +699,33 @@ find_ab_names <- function(ab_group, n = 3) {
language = NULL),
quotes = FALSE)
}
message_agent_names <- function(function_name, agents, ab_group = NULL, examples = "", call = NULL) {
if (message_not_thrown_before(paste0(function_name, ".", paste(sort(agents), collapse = "|")))) {
if (length(agents) == 0) {
if (is.null(ab_group)) {
message_("For `", function_name, "()` no antimicrobial agents found", examples, ".")
} else if (ab_group == "administrable_per_os") {
message_("No orally administrable agents found", examples, ".")
} else if (ab_group == "administrable_iv") {
message_("No IV administrable agents found", examples, ".")
} else {
message_("No antimicrobial agents of class '", ab_group, "' found", examples, ".")
}
} else {
agents_formatted <- paste0("'", font_bold(agents, collapse = NULL), "'")
agents_names <- ab_name(names(agents), tolower = TRUE, language = NULL)
need_name <- generalise_antibiotic_name(agents) != generalise_antibiotic_name(agents_names)
agents_formatted[need_name] <- paste0(agents_formatted[need_name], " (", agents_names[need_name], ")")
message_("For `", function_name, "(",
ifelse(function_name == "ab_class",
paste0("\"", ab_class, "\""),
ifelse(!is.null(call),
paste0(deparse(call), collapse = " "),
"")),
")` using ",
ifelse(length(agents) == 1, "column ", "columns "),
vector_and(agents_formatted, quotes = FALSE, sort = FALSE))
}
}
}

177
R/ab_property.R
View File

@ -29,23 +29,26 @@
#' @inheritSection lifecycle Stable Lifecycle
#' @param x any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid antibiotic code with [as.ab()]
#' @param tolower a [logical] to indicate whether the first [character] of every output should be transformed to a lower case [character]. This will lead to e.g. "polymyxin B" and not "polymyxin b".
#' @param snake_case a [logical] to indicate whether the names should be returned in so-called [snake case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_case): in lower case and all spaces/slashes replaced with an underscore (`_`). This is useful for column renaming.
#' @param property one of the column names of one of the [antibiotics] data set
#' @param property one of the column names of one of the [antibiotics] data set: `vector_or(colnames(antibiotics), sort = FALSE)`.
#' @param language language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see [get_locale()]) and can also be set with `getOption("AMR_locale")`. Use `language = NULL` or `language = ""` to prevent translation.
#' @param administration way of administration, either `"oral"` or `"iv"`
#' @param units a [logical] to indicate whether the units instead of the DDDs itself must be returned, see *Examples*
#' @param open browse the URL using [utils::browseURL()]
#' @param ... other arguments passed on to [as.ab()]
#' @param data a [data.frame] of which the columns need to be renamed
#' @param snake_case a [logical] to indicate whether the names should be in so-called [snake case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_case): in lower case and all spaces/slashes replaced with an underscore (`_`)
#' @details All output [will be translated][translate] where possible.
#'
#' The function [ab_url()] will return the direct URL to the official WHO website. A warning will be returned if the required ATC code is not available.
#'
#' The function [set_ab_names()] is a special column renaming function for [data.frame]s. It renames columns names that resemble antimicrobial drugs. It always makes sure that the new column names are unique. If `property = "atc"` is set, preference is given to ATC codes from the J-group.
#' @inheritSection as.ab Source
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @name ab_property
#' @return
#' - An [integer] in case of [ab_cid()]
#' - A named [list] in case of [ab_info()] and multiple [ab_synonyms()]/[ab_tradenames()]
#' - A named [list] in case of [ab_info()] and multiple [ab_atc()]/[ab_synonyms()]/[ab_tradenames()]
#' - A [double] in case of [ab_ddd()]
#' - A [data.frame] in case of [set_ab_names()]
#' - A [character] in all other cases
#' @export
#' @seealso [antibiotics]
@ -69,10 +72,10 @@
#' tolower = TRUE) # "amoxicillin/clavulanic acid" "polymyxin B"
#'
#' # defined daily doses (DDD)
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "oral") # 1
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "oral", units = TRUE) # "g"
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "iv") # 1
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "iv", units = TRUE) # "g"
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "oral") # 1.5
#' ab_ddd_units("AMX", "oral") # "g"
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "iv") # 3
#' ab_ddd_units("AMX", "iv") # "g"
#'
#' ab_info("AMX") # all properties as a list
#'
@ -89,11 +92,23 @@
#' ab_atc("cephtriaxone")
#' ab_atc("cephthriaxone")
#' ab_atc("seephthriaaksone")
ab_name <- function(x, language = get_locale(), tolower = FALSE, snake_case = FALSE, ...) {
#'
#' # use set_ab_names() for renaming columns
#' colnames(example_isolates)
#' colnames(set_ab_names(example_isolates))
#' \donttest{
#' if (require("dplyr")) {
#' example_isolates %>%
#' set_ab_names()
#' # set_ab_names() works with any AB property:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' set_ab_names("atc")
#' }
#' }
ab_name <- function(x, language = get_locale(), tolower = FALSE, ...) {
meet_criteria(x, allow_NA = TRUE)
meet_criteria(language, has_length = 1, is_in = c(LANGUAGES_SUPPORTED, ""), allow_NULL = TRUE, allow_NA = TRUE)
meet_criteria(tolower, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(snake_case, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
x <- translate_AMR(ab_validate(x = x, property = "name", ...), language = language, only_affect_ab_names = TRUE)
if (tolower == TRUE) {
@ -101,10 +116,69 @@ ab_name <- function(x, language = get_locale(), tolower = FALSE, snake_case = FA
# as we want "polymyxin B", not "polymyxin b"
x <- gsub("^([A-Z])", "\\L\\1", x, perl = TRUE)
}
x
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @aliases ATC
#' @export
set_ab_names <- function(data, property = "name", language = get_locale(), snake_case = property == "name") {
meet_criteria(data, allow_class = "data.frame")
meet_criteria(property, is_in = colnames(antibiotics), has_length = 1, ignore.case = TRUE)
meet_criteria(language, has_length = 1, is_in = c(LANGUAGES_SUPPORTED, ""), allow_NULL = TRUE, allow_NA = TRUE)
meet_criteria(snake_case, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
x_deparsed <- deparse(substitute(data))
if (length(x_deparsed) > 1 || any(x_deparsed %unlike% "[a-z]+")) {
x_deparsed <- "your_data"
}
property <- tolower(property)
columns <- get_column_abx(data, info = FALSE, only_rsi_columns = FALSE, sort = FALSE)
if (length(columns) == 0) {
message_("No columns with antibiotic results found for `set_ab_names()`, leaving names unchanged.")
return(data)
}
x <- vapply(FUN.VALUE = character(1),
ab_property(columns, property = property, language = language),
function(x) {
if (property == "atc") {
# try to get the J-group
if (any(x %like% "^J")) {
x[x %like% "^J"][1L]
} else {
as.character(x[1L])
}
} else {
as.character(x[1L])
}
})
if (any(x %in% c("", NA))) {
warning_("No ", property, " found for column(s): ", vector_and(columns[x %in% c("", NA)], sort = FALSE), call = FALSE)
x[x %in% c("", NA)] <- columns[x %in% c("", NA)]
}
if (snake_case == TRUE) {
x <- tolower(gsub("[^a-zA-Z0-9]+", "_", x))
}
x
if (any(duplicated(x))) {
# very hacky way of adding the index to each duplicate
# so "Amoxicillin", "Amoxicillin", "Amoxicillin"
# will be "Amoxicillin", "Amoxicillin_2", "Amoxicillin_3"
invisible(lapply(unique(x),
function(u) {
dups <- which(x == u)
if (length(dups) > 1) {
# there are duplicates
dup_add_int <- dups[2:length(dups)]
x[dup_add_int] <<- paste0(x[dup_add_int], "_", c(2:length(dups)))
}
}))
}
colnames(data)[colnames(data) %in% columns] <- x
data
}
#' @rdname ab_property
@ -112,7 +186,13 @@ ab_name <- function(x, language = get_locale(), tolower = FALSE, snake_case = FA
#' @export
ab_atc <- function(x, ...) {
meet_criteria(x, allow_NA = TRUE)
ab_validate(x = x, property = "atc", ...)
atcs <- ab_validate(x = x, property = "atc", ...)
names(atcs) <- x
if (length(atcs) == 1) {
unname(unlist(atcs))
} else {
atcs
}
}
#' @rdname ab_property
@ -181,18 +261,47 @@ ab_loinc <- function(x, ...) {
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_ddd <- function(x, administration = "oral", units = FALSE, ...) {
ab_ddd <- function(x, administration = "oral", ...) {
meet_criteria(x, allow_NA = TRUE)
meet_criteria(administration, is_in = c("oral", "iv"), has_length = 1)
meet_criteria(units, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1)
x <- as.ab(x, ...)
if (any(ab_name(x, language = NULL) %like% "/")) {
warning_("DDDs of combined products are available for different dose combinations and not (yet) part of the AMR package. ",
"Please refer to the WHOCC website:\n",
"www.whocc.no/ddd/list_of_ddds_combined_products/", call = FALSE)
}
ddd_prop <- administration
if (units == TRUE) {
# old behaviour
units <- list(...)$units
if (!is.null(units) && isTRUE(units)) {
if (message_not_thrown_before("ab_ddd", entire_session = TRUE)) {
warning_("Using `ab_ddd(..., units = TRUE)` is deprecated, use `ab_ddd_units()` instead. ",
"This warning will be shown once per session.", call = FALSE)
}
ddd_prop <- paste0(ddd_prop, "_units")
} else {
ddd_prop <- paste0(ddd_prop, "_ddd")
}
ab_validate(x = x, property = ddd_prop, ...)
ab_validate(x = x, property = ddd_prop)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_ddd_units <- function(x, administration = "oral", ...) {
meet_criteria(x, allow_NA = TRUE)
meet_criteria(administration, is_in = c("oral", "iv"), has_length = 1)
x <- as.ab(x, ...)
if (any(ab_name(x, language = NULL) %like% "/")) {
warning_("DDDs of combined products are available for different dose combinations and not (yet) part of the AMR package. ",
"Please refer to the WHOCC website:\n",
"www.whocc.no/ddd/list_of_ddds_combined_products/", call = FALSE)
}
ddd_prop <- paste0(administration, "_units")
ab_validate(x = x, property = ddd_prop)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
@ -210,10 +319,10 @@ ab_info <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
atc_group1 = ab_atc_group1(x, language = language),
atc_group2 = ab_atc_group2(x, language = language),
tradenames = ab_tradenames(x),
ddd = list(oral = list(amount = ab_ddd(x, administration = "oral", units = FALSE),
units = ab_ddd(x, administration = "oral", units = TRUE)),
iv = list(amount = ab_ddd(x, administration = "iv", units = FALSE),
units = ab_ddd(x, administration = "iv", units = TRUE))))
ddd = list(oral = list(amount = ab_ddd(x, administration = "oral"),
units = ab_ddd_units(x, administration = "oral")),
iv = list(amount = ab_ddd(x, administration = "iv"),
units = ab_ddd_units(x, administration = "iv"))))
}
@ -257,16 +366,22 @@ ab_validate <- function(x, property, ...) {
check_dataset_integrity()
# try to catch an error when inputting an invalid argument
# so the 'call.' can be set to FALSE
tryCatch(x[1L] %in% antibiotics[1, property],
error = function(e) stop(e$message, call. = FALSE))
x_bak <- x
if (!all(x %in% antibiotics[, property])) {
x <- data.frame(ab = as.ab(x, ...), stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %pm>%
pm_left_join(antibiotics, by = "ab") %pm>%
pm_pull(property)
if (tryCatch(all(x[!is.na(x)] %in% AB_lookup$ab), error = function(e) FALSE)) {
# special case for ab_* functions where class is already <ab>
x <- AB_lookup[match(x, AB_lookup$ab), property, drop = TRUE]
} else {
# try to catch an error when inputting an invalid argument
# so the 'call.' can be set to FALSE
tryCatch(x[1L] %in% antibiotics[1, property],
error = function(e) stop(e$message, call. = FALSE))
if (!all(x %in% AB_lookup[, property])) {
x <- as.ab(x, ...)
x <- AB_lookup[match(x, AB_lookup$ab), property, drop = TRUE]
}
}
if (property == "ab") {
return(set_clean_class(x, new_class = c("ab", "character")))
} else if (property == "cid") {
@ -274,7 +389,7 @@ ab_validate <- function(x, property, ...) {
} else if (property %like% "ddd") {
return(as.double(x))
} else {
x[is.na(x) & !is.na(x_bak)] <- NA
x[is.na(x)] <- NA
return(x)
}
}

12
R/custom_eucast_rules.R
View File

@ -89,9 +89,9 @@
#'
#' ### Usage of antibiotic group names
#'
#' It is possible to define antibiotic groups instead of single antibiotics for the rule consequence, the part *after* the tilde. In above examples, the antibiotic group `aminopenicillins` is used to include ampicillin and amoxicillin. The following groups are allowed (case-insensitive). Within parentheses are the antibiotic agents that will be matched when running the rule.
#' It is possible to define antibiotic groups instead of single antibiotics for the rule consequence, the part *after* the tilde. In above examples, the antibiotic group `aminopenicillins` is used to include ampicillin and amoxicillin. The following groups are allowed (case-insensitive). Within parentheses are the agents that will be matched when running the rule.
#'
#' `r paste0(" * ", sapply(DEFINED_AB_GROUPS, function(x) paste0("``", tolower(x), "``\\cr(", paste0(sort(ab_name(eval(parse(text = x), envir = asNamespace("AMR")), language = NULL, tolower = TRUE)), collapse = ", "), ")"), USE.NAMES = FALSE), "\n", collapse = "")`
#' `r paste0(" * ", sapply(DEFINED_AB_GROUPS, function(x) paste0("``", tolower(gsub("^AB_", "", x)), "``\\cr(", vector_and(ab_name(eval(parse(text = x), envir = asNamespace("AMR")), language = NULL, tolower = TRUE), quotes = FALSE), ")"), USE.NAMES = FALSE), "\n", collapse = "")`
#' @returns A [list] containing the custom rules
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on Our Website!
#' @export
@ -140,12 +140,12 @@ custom_eucast_rules <- function(...) {
stop_ifnot(deparse(result) %like% "==",
"the result of rule ", i, " (the part after the `~`) must contain `==`, such as in `... ~ ampicillin == \"R\"`, see `?custom_eucast_rules`")
result_group <- as.character(result)[[2]]
if (paste0(toupper(result_group), "S") %in% DEFINED_AB_GROUPS) {
if (paste0("AB_", toupper(result_group), "S") %in% DEFINED_AB_GROUPS) {
# support for e.g. 'aminopenicillin' if user meant 'aminopenicillins'
result_group <- paste0(result_group, "s")
}
if (toupper(result_group) %in% DEFINED_AB_GROUPS) {
result_group <- eval(parse(text = toupper(result_group)), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
if (paste0("AB_", toupper(result_group)) %in% DEFINED_AB_GROUPS) {
result_group <- eval(parse(text = paste0("AB_", toupper(result_group))), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
} else {
result_group <- tryCatch(
suppressWarnings(as.ab(result_group,
@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ custom_eucast_rules <- function(...) {
stop_if(any(is.na(result_group)),
"this result of rule ", i, " could not be translated to a single antimicrobial agent/group: \"",
as.character(result)[[2]], "\".\n\nThe input can be a name or code of an antimicrobial agent, or be one of: ",
vector_or(tolower(DEFINED_AB_GROUPS), quotes = FALSE), ".")
vector_or(tolower(gsub("AB_", "", DEFINED_AB_GROUPS)), quotes = FALSE), ".")
result_value <- as.character(result)[[3]]
result_value[result_value == "NA"] <- NA
stop_ifnot(result_value %in% c("R", "S", "I", NA),

6
R/data.R
View File

@ -25,14 +25,14 @@
#' Data Sets with `r format(nrow(antibiotics) + nrow(antivirals), big.mark = ",")` Antimicrobials
#'
#' Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use [as.ab()] or one of the [`ab_*`][ab_property()] functions to retrieve values from the [antibiotics] data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (`ab`, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (`atc`) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (`cid`) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes.
#' Two data sets containing all antibiotics/antimycotics and antivirals. Use [as.ab()] or one of the [`ab_*`][ab_property()] functions to retrieve values from the [antibiotics] data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (`ab`, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (`atc`) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (`cid`) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes. Note that some drugs have multiple ATC codes.
#' @format
#' ## For the [antibiotics] data set: a [data.frame] with `r nrow(antibiotics)` observations and `r ncol(antibiotics)` variables:
#' - `ab`\cr Antibiotic ID as used in this package (such as `AMC`), using the official EARS-Net (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network) codes where available
#' - `atc`\cr ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC, like `J01CR02`
#' - `cid`\cr Compound ID as found in PubChem
#' - `name`\cr Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO
#' - `group`\cr A short and concise group name, based on WHONET and WHOCC definitions
#' - `atc`\cr ATC codes (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC, like `J01CR02`
#' - `atc_group1`\cr Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like `"Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins"`
#' - `atc_group2`\cr Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like `"Macrolides"`
#' - `abbr`\cr List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)
@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
#' - `loinc`\cr All LOINC codes (Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes) associated with the name of the antimicrobial agent. Use [ab_loinc()] to retrieve them quickly, see [ab_property()].
#'
#' ## For the [antivirals] data set: a [data.frame] with `r nrow(antivirals)` observations and `r ncol(antivirals)` variables:
#' - `atc`\cr ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC
#' - `atc`\cr ATC codes (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC
#' - `cid`\cr Compound ID as found in PubChem
#' - `name`\cr Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO
#' - `atc_group`\cr Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC

454
R/deprecated.R
View File

@ -46,457 +46,3 @@ p_symbol <- function(p, emptychar = " ") {
s
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_first_weighted_isolate <- function(x = NULL,
col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
...) {
.Deprecated(old = "filter_first_weighted_isolate()",
new = "filter_first_isolate()",
package = "AMR")
if (is_null_or_grouped_tbl(x)) {
# when `x` is left blank, auto determine it (get_current_data() also contains dplyr::cur_data_all())
# is also fix for using a grouped df as input (a dot as first argument)
x <- tryCatch(get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2), error = function(e) x)
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame") # also checks dimensions to be >0
meet_criteria(col_date, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE, is_in = colnames(x))
meet_criteria(col_patient_id, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE, is_in = colnames(x))
meet_criteria(col_mo, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, allow_NULL = TRUE, is_in = colnames(x))
filter_first_isolate(x = x, col_date = col_date, col_patient_id = col_patient_id, col_mo = col_mo, ...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
key_antibiotics <- function(x = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
universal_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "amoxicillin"),
universal_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "amoxicillin/clavulanic acid"),
universal_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "cefuroxime"),
universal_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "piperacillin/tazobactam"),
universal_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "ciprofloxacin"),
universal_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole"),
GramPos_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "vancomycin"),
GramPos_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "teicoplanin"),
GramPos_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "tetracycline"),
GramPos_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "erythromycin"),
GramPos_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "oxacillin"),
GramPos_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "rifampin"),
GramNeg_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "gentamicin"),
GramNeg_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "tobramycin"),
GramNeg_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "colistin"),
GramNeg_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "cefotaxime"),
GramNeg_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "ceftazidime"),
GramNeg_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "meropenem"),
warnings = TRUE,
...) {
.Deprecated(old = "key_antibiotics()",
new = "key_antimicrobials()",
package = "AMR")
if (is_null_or_grouped_tbl(x)) {
# when `x` is left blank, auto determine it (get_current_data() also contains dplyr::cur_data_all())
# is also fix for using a grouped df as input (a dot as first argument)
x <- tryCatch(get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2), error = function(e) x)
}
key_antimicrobials(x = x,
col_mo = col_mo,
universal = c(universal_1, universal_2, universal_3, universal_4, universal_5, universal_6),
gram_negative = c(GramNeg_1, GramNeg_2, GramNeg_3, GramNeg_4, GramNeg_5, GramNeg_6),
gram_positive = c(GramPos_1, GramPos_2, GramPos_3, GramPos_4, GramPos_5, GramPos_6),
antifungal = NULL,
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
key_antibiotics_equal <- function(y,
z,
type = "keyantimicrobials",
ignore_I = TRUE,
points_threshold = 2,
info = FALSE,
na.rm = TRUE,
...) {
.Deprecated(old = "key_antibiotics_equal()",
new = "antimicrobials_equal()",
package = "AMR")
antimicrobials_equal(y = y,
z = z,
type = type,
ignore_I = ignore_I,
points_threshold = points_threshold,
info = info)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_ab_class <- function(x,
ab_class,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
.call_depth <- list(...)$`.call_depth`
if (is.null(.call_depth)) {
.call_depth <- 0
}
.x_name <- list(...)$`.x_name`
if (is.null(.x_name)) {
.x_name <- deparse(substitute(x))
}
.fn <- list(...)$`.fn`
if (is.null(.fn)) {
.fn <- "filter_ab_class"
}
.fn_old <- .fn
# new way: using the ab selectors
.fn <- gsub("filter_", "", .fn, fixed = TRUE)
.fn <- gsub("^([1-5][a-z]+)_cephalosporins", "cephalosporins_\\1", .fn)
if (missing(x) || is_null_or_grouped_tbl(x)) {
# when `x` is left blank, auto determine it (get_current_data() also contains dplyr::cur_data_all())
# is also fix for using a grouped df as input (a dot as first argument)
x <- get_current_data(arg_name = "x", call = -2 - .call_depth)
.x_name <- "your_data"
}
meet_criteria(x, allow_class = "data.frame", .call_depth = .call_depth)
meet_criteria(ab_class, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, .call_depth = .call_depth)
if (!is.null(result)) {
# make result = "SI" works too:
result <- toupper(unlist(strsplit(result, "")))
}
meet_criteria(result, allow_class = "character", has_length = c(1, 2, 3), is_in = c("S", "I", "R"), allow_NULL = TRUE, .call_depth = .call_depth)
meet_criteria(scope, allow_class = "character", has_length = 1, is_in = c("all", "any"), .call_depth = .call_depth)
meet_criteria(only_rsi_columns, allow_class = "logical", has_length = 1, .call_depth = .call_depth)
if (is.null(result)) {
result <- c("S", "I", "R")
}
# get e.g. carbapenems() from filter_carbapenems()
fn <- get(.fn, envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
if (scope == "any") {
scope_fn <- any
} else {
scope_fn <- all
}
# be nice here, be VERY extensive about how the AB selectors have taken over this function
deprecated_fn <- paste0(.fn, "(", ifelse(.fn == "ab_class", paste0("\"", ab_class, "\""), ""), ")",
ifelse(length(result) > 1,
paste0(", c(", paste0("\"", result, "\"", collapse = ", "), ")"),
ifelse(is.null(result),
"",
paste0(" == \"", result, "\""))))
if (.x_name == ".") {
.x_name <- "your_data"
}
warning_(paste0("`", .fn_old, "()` is deprecated. Use the antibiotic selector `", .fn, "()` instead.\n",
"In dplyr:\n",
" - ", .x_name, " %>% filter(", scope, "(", deprecated_fn, "))\n",
ifelse(length(result) > 1,
paste0(" - ", .x_name, " %>% filter(", scope, "(",
.fn, "(", ifelse(.fn == "ab_class", paste0("\"", ab_class, "\""), ""), ") == \"R\"))\n"),
""),
"In base R:\n",
" - ", .x_name, "[", scope, "(", deprecated_fn, "), ]\n",
ifelse(length(result) > 1,
paste0(" - ", .x_name, "[", scope, "(",
.fn, "(", ifelse(.fn == "ab_class", paste0("\"", ab_class, "\""), ""), ") == \"R\"), ]\n"),
""),
" - subset(", .x_name, ", ", scope, "(", deprecated_fn, "))",
ifelse(length(result) > 1,
paste0("\n - subset(", .x_name, ", ", scope, "(",
.fn, "(", ifelse(.fn == "ab_class", paste0("\"", ab_class, "\""), ""), ") == \"R\"))"),
"")),
call = FALSE)
if (.fn == "ab_class") {
subset(x, scope_fn(fn(ab_class = ab_class), result))
} else {
subset(x, scope_fn(fn(), result))
}
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_aminoglycosides <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "aminoglycoside",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_aminoglycosides",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_betalactams <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "carbapenem|cephalosporin|penicillin",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_betalactams",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_carbapenems <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "carbapenem",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_carbapenems",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporin",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_cephalosporins",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_1st_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (1st gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_1st_cephalosporins",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_2nd_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (2nd gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_2nd_cephalosporins",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_3rd_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_3rd_cephalosporins",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_4th_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_4th_cephalosporins",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_5th_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_5th_cephalosporins",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_fluoroquinolones <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "fluoroquinolone",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_fluoroquinolones",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_glycopeptides <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "glycopeptide",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_glycopeptides",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_macrolides <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "macrolide",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_macrolides",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_oxazolidinones <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "oxazolidinone",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_oxazolidinones",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_penicillins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "penicillin",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_penicillins",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @export
filter_tetracyclines <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
only_rsi_columns = FALSE,
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "tetracycline",
result = result,
scope = scope,
only_rsi_columns = only_rsi_columns,
.call_depth = 1,
.fn = "filter_tetracyclines",
.x_name = deparse(substitute(x)),
...)
}

6
R/eucast_rules.R
View File

@ -320,9 +320,9 @@ eucast_rules <- function(x,
x <- trimws(unique(toupper(unlist(strsplit(x, ",")))))
x_new <- character()
for (val in x) {
if (val %in% ls(envir = asNamespace("AMR"))) {
# antibiotic group names, as defined in data-raw/_internals.R, such as `CARBAPENEMS`
val <- eval(parse(text = val), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
if (paste0("AB_", val) %in% ls(envir = asNamespace("AMR"))) {
# antibiotic group names, as defined in data-raw/_internals.R, such as `AB_CARBAPENEMS`
val <- eval(parse(text = paste0("AB_", val)), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
} else if (val %in% AB_lookup$ab) {
# separate drugs, such as `AMX`
val <- as.ab(val)

5
R/ggplot_rsi.R
View File

@ -123,8 +123,7 @@
#' mo == as.mo("E. coli")) %>%
#' # age_groups() is also a function in this AMR package:
#' group_by(age_group = age_groups(age)) %>%
#' select(age_group,
#' CIP) %>%
#' select(age_group, CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(x = "age_group")
#'
#' # a shorter version which also adjusts data label colours:
@ -135,6 +134,8 @@
#'
#' # it also supports groups (don't forget to use the group var on `x` or `facet`):
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter(mo_is_gram_negative()) %>%
#' # select only UTI-specific drugs
#' select(hospital_id, AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP) %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(x = "hospital_id",

2
R/mdro.R
View File

@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ mdro <- function(x = NULL,
if (info == TRUE) {
txt <- paste0("Determining MDROs based on custom rules",
ifelse(isTRUE(attributes(guideline)$as_factor),
paste0(", resulting in [factor] levels: ", paste0(attributes(guideline)$values, collapse = " < ")),
paste0(", resulting in factor levels: ", paste0(attributes(guideline)$values, collapse = " < ")),
""),
".")
txt <- word_wrap(txt)

68
R/mo.R
View File

@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ exec_as.mo <- function(x,
x_backup[x %like_case% "^(fungus|fungi)$"] <- "(unknown fungus)" # will otherwise become the kingdom
x_backup[x_backup_untouched == "Fungi"] <- "Fungi" # is literally the kingdom
# Fill in fullnames and MO codes at once
# Fill in fullnames and MO codes directly
known_names <- tolower(x_backup) %in% MO_lookup$fullname_lower
x[known_names] <- MO_lookup[match(tolower(x_backup)[known_names], MO_lookup$fullname_lower), property, drop = TRUE]
known_codes <- toupper(x_backup) %in% MO_lookup$mo
@ -1551,16 +1551,7 @@ exec_as.mo <- function(x,
& !identical(x_input, "")
& !identical(x_input, "xxx")])
# left join the found results to the original input values (x_input)
df_found <- data.frame(input = as.character(x_input_unique_nonempty),
found = as.character(x),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
df_input <- data.frame(input = as.character(x_input),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
# super fast using match() which is a lot faster than merge()
x <- df_found$found[match(df_input$input, df_found$input)]
x <- x[match(x_input, x_input_unique_nonempty)]
if (property == "mo") {
x <- set_clean_class(x, new_class = c("mo", "character"))
}
@ -1887,36 +1878,30 @@ print.mo_uncertainties <- function(x, ...) {
if (NROW(x) == 0) {
return(NULL)
}
message_("Matching scores are based on human pathogenic prevalence and the resemblance between the input and the full taxonomic name. See `?mo_matching_score`.", as_note = FALSE)
msg <- ""
cat(word_wrap("Matching scores", ifelse(has_colour(), " (in blue)", ""), " are based on human pathogenic prevalence and the resemblance between the input and the full taxonomic name. See `?mo_matching_score`.\n\n", add_fn = font_blue))
txt <- ""
for (i in seq_len(nrow(x))) {
if (x[i, ]$candidates != "") {
candidates <- unlist(strsplit(x[i, ]$candidates, ", ", fixed = TRUE))
scores <- mo_matching_score(x = x[i, ]$input, n = candidates)
# sort on descending scores
candidates <- candidates[order(1 - scores)]
scores_formatted <- trimws(formatC(round(scores, 3), format = "f", digits = 3))
n_candidates <- length(candidates)
candidates <- vector_and(paste0(candidates, " (", scores_formatted[order(1 - scores)], ")"),
quotes = FALSE,
sort = FALSE)
# align with input after arrow
candidates <- paste0("\n",
strwrap(paste0("Also matched",
ifelse(n_candidates >= 25, " (max 25)", ""), ": ",
candidates), # this is already max 25 due to format_uncertainty_as_df()
indent = nchar(x[i, ]$input) + 6,
exdent = nchar(x[i, ]$input) + 6,
width = 0.98 * getOption("width")),
collapse = "")
# after strwrap, make taxonomic names italic
candidates <- gsub("([A-Za-z]+)", font_italic("\\1"), candidates, perl = TRUE)
candidates <- gsub(font_italic("and"), "and", candidates, fixed = TRUE)
candidates <- gsub(paste(font_italic(c("Also", "matched"), collapse = NULL), collapse = " "),
"Also matched",
candidates, fixed = TRUE)
candidates <- gsub(font_italic("max"), "max", candidates, fixed = TRUE)
candidates_formatted <- font_italic(candidates, collapse = NULL)
scores_formatted <- trimws(formatC(round(scores, 3), format = "f", digits = 3))
# sort on descending scores
candidates_formatted <- candidates_formatted[order(1 - scores)]
scores_formatted <- scores_formatted[order(1 - scores)]
candidates <- word_wrap(paste0("Also matched: ",
vector_and(paste0(candidates_formatted,
font_blue(paste0(" (", scores_formatted, ")"), collapse = NULL)),
quotes = FALSE, sort = FALSE),
ifelse(n_candidates > 25,
paste0(" [showing first 25 of ", n_candidates, "]"),
"")),
extra_indent = nchar("Also matched: "))
} else {
candidates <- ""
}
@ -1924,23 +1909,24 @@ print.mo_uncertainties <- function(x, ...) {
n = x[i, ]$fullname),
3),
format = "f", digits = 3))
msg <- paste(msg,
txt <- paste(txt,
paste0(
strwrap(
paste0('"', x[i, ]$input, '" -> ',
paste0(font_red('"', x[i, ]$input, '"', collapse = ""),
" -> ",
paste0(font_bold(font_italic(x[i, ]$fullname)),
ifelse(!is.na(x[i, ]$renamed_to), paste(", renamed to", font_italic(x[i, ]$renamed_to)), ""),
" (", x[i, ]$mo,
", matching score = ", score,
", ", font_blue(score),
") ")),
width = 0.98 * getOption("width"),
exdent = nchar(x[i, ]$input) + 6),
collapse = "\n"),
candidates,
sep = "\n")
msg <- paste0(gsub("\n\n", "\n", msg), "\n\n")
txt <- paste0(gsub("\n\n", "\n", txt), "\n\n")
}
cat(msg)
cat(txt)
}
#' @rdname as.mo

2
R/mo_matching_score.R
View File

@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
#'
#' The grouping into human pathogenic prevalence (\eqn{p}) is based on experience from several microbiological laboratories in the Netherlands in conjunction with international reports on pathogen prevalence. **Group 1** (most prevalent microorganisms) consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic class is Gammaproteobacteria or where the taxonomic genus is *Enterococcus*, *Staphylococcus* or *Streptococcus*. This group consequently contains all common Gram-negative bacteria, such as *Pseudomonas* and *Legionella* and all species within the order Enterobacterales. **Group 2** consists of all microorganisms where the taxonomic phylum is Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria or Sarcomastigophora, or where the taxonomic genus is *Absidia*, *Acremonium*, *Actinotignum*, *Alternaria*, *Anaerosalibacter*, *Apophysomyces*, *Arachnia*, *Aspergillus*, *Aureobacterium*, *Aureobasidium*, *Bacteroides*, *Basidiobolus*, *Beauveria*, *Blastocystis*, *Branhamella*, *Calymmatobacterium*, *Candida*, *Capnocytophaga*, *Catabacter*, *Chaetomium*, *Chryseobacterium*, *Chryseomonas*, *Chrysonilia*, *Cladophialophora*, *Cladosporium*, *Conidiobolus*, *Cryptococcus*, *Curvularia*, *Exophiala*, *Exserohilum*, *Flavobacterium*, *Fonsecaea*, *Fusarium*, *Fusobacterium*, *Hendersonula*, *Hypomyces*, *Koserella*, *Lelliottia*, *Leptosphaeria*, *Leptotrichia*, *Malassezia*, *Malbranchea*, *Mortierella*, *Mucor*, *Mycocentrospora*, *Mycoplasma*, *Nectria*, *Ochroconis*, *Oidiodendron*, *Phoma*, *Piedraia*, *Pithomyces*, *Pityrosporum*, *Prevotella*, *Pseudallescheria*, *Rhizomucor*, *Rhizopus*, *Rhodotorula*, *Scolecobasidium*, *Scopulariopsis*, *Scytalidium*, *Sporobolomyces*, *Stachybotrys*, *Stomatococcus*, *Treponema*, *Trichoderma*, *Trichophyton*, *Trichosporon*, *Tritirachium* or *Ureaplasma*. **Group 3** consists of all other microorganisms.
#'
#' All characters in \eqn{x} and \eqn{n} are ignored that are other than A-Z, a-z, 0-9, spaces and parentheses.
#'
#' All matches are sorted descending on their matching score and for all user input values, the top match will be returned. This will lead to the effect that e.g., `"E. coli"` will return the microbial ID of *Escherichia coli* (\eqn{m = `r round(mo_matching_score("E. coli", "Escherichia coli"), 3)`}, a highly prevalent microorganism found in humans) and not *Entamoeba coli* (\eqn{m = `r round(mo_matching_score("E. coli", "Entamoeba coli"), 3)`}, a less prevalent microorganism in humans), although the latter would alphabetically come first.
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Reference Data Publicly Available

31
R/mo_property.R
View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
#'
#' Since the top-level of the taxonomy is sometimes referred to as 'kingdom' and sometimes as 'domain', the functions [mo_kingdom()] and [mo_domain()] return the exact same results.
#'
#' The Gram stain - [mo_gramstain()] - will be determined based on the taxonomic kingdom and phylum. According to Cavalier-Smith (2002, [PMID 11837318](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11837318)), who defined subkingdoms Negibacteria and Posibacteria, only these phyla are Posibacteria: Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Tenericutes. These bacteria are considered Gram-positive - all other bacteria are considered Gram-negative. Species outside the kingdom of Bacteria will return a value `NA`. Functions [mo_is_gram_negative()] and [mo_is_gram_positive()] always return `TRUE` or `FALSE` (except when the input is `NA` or the MO code is `UNKNOWN`), thus always return `FALSE` for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria.
#' The Gram stain - [mo_gramstain()] - will be determined based on the taxonomic kingdom and phylum. According to Cavalier-Smith (2002, [PMID 11837318](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11837318)), who defined subkingdoms Negibacteria and Posibacteria, only these phyla are Posibacteria: Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Tenericutes. These bacteria are considered Gram-positive, except for members of the class Negativicutes which are Gram-negative. Members of other bacterial phyla are all considered Gram-negative. Species outside the kingdom of Bacteria will return a value `NA`. Functions [mo_is_gram_negative()] and [mo_is_gram_positive()] always return `TRUE` or `FALSE` (except when the input is `NA` or the MO code is `UNKNOWN`), thus always return `FALSE` for species outside the taxonomic kingdom of Bacteria.
#'
#' Determination of yeasts - [mo_is_yeast()] - will be based on the taxonomic kingdom and class. *Budding yeasts* are fungi of the phylum Ascomycetes, class Saccharomycetes (also called Hemiascomycetes). *True yeasts* are aggregated into the underlying order Saccharomycetales. Thus, for all microorganisms that are fungi and member of the taxonomic class Saccharomycetes, the function will return `TRUE`. It returns `FALSE` otherwise (except when the input is `NA` or the MO code is `UNKNOWN`).
#'
@ -364,25 +364,18 @@ mo_gramstain <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
x.mo <- as.mo(x, language = language, ...)
metadata <- get_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed()
x.phylum <- mo_phylum(x.mo)
# DETERMINE GRAM STAIN FOR BACTERIA
# Source: https://itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=956097
# It says this:
# Kingdom Bacteria (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)
# Subkingdom Posibacteria (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)
# Direct Children:
# Phylum Actinobacteria (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)
# Phylum Chloroflexi (Garrity and Holt, 2002)
# Phylum Firmicutes (corrig. Gibbons and Murray, 1978)
# Phylum Tenericutes (Murray, 1984)
x <- NA_character_
x <- rep(NA_character_, length(x))
# make all bacteria Gram negative
x[mo_kingdom(x.mo) == "Bacteria"] <- "Gram-negative"
# overwrite these phyla with Gram positive
x[x.phylum %in% c("Actinobacteria",
"Chloroflexi",
"Firmicutes",
"Tenericutes")
# overwrite these 4 phyla with Gram-positives
# Source: https://itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=956097 (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)
x[(mo_phylum(x.mo) %in% c("Actinobacteria",
"Chloroflexi",
"Firmicutes",
"Tenericutes") &
# but class Negativicutes (of phylum Firmicutes) are Gram-negative!
mo_class(x.mo) != "Negativicutes")
# and of course our own ID for Gram-positives
| x.mo == "B_GRAMP"] <- "Gram-positive"
load_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed(metadata)
@ -477,7 +470,7 @@ mo_is_intrinsic_resistant <- function(x, ab, language = get_locale(), ...) {
}
# show used version number once per session (pkg_env will reload every session)
if (message_not_thrown_before("intrinsic_resistant_version", entire_session = TRUE)) {
if (message_not_thrown_before("intrinsic_resistant_version.mo", entire_session = TRUE)) {
message_("Determining intrinsic resistance based on ",
format_eucast_version_nr(3.2, markdown = FALSE), ". ",
font_red("This note will be shown once per session."))

2
R/random.R
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@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
#' @param size desired size of the returned vector. If used in a [data.frame] call or `dplyr` verb, will get the current (group) size if left blank.
#' @param mo any [character] that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with [as.mo()]
#' @param ab any [character] that can be coerced to a valid antimicrobial agent code with [as.ab()]
#' @param prob_RSI a vector of length 3: the probabilities for R (1st value), S (2nd value) and I (3rd value)
#' @param prob_RSI a vector of length 3: the probabilities for "R" (1st value), "S" (2nd value) and "I" (3rd value)
#' @param ... ignored, only in place to allow future extensions
#' @details The base \R function [sample()] is used for generating values.
#'

11
R/rsi.R
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@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
#' A microorganism is categorised as *Resistant* when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure. Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.
#' - **S = Susceptible**\cr
#' A microorganism is categorised as *Susceptible, standard dosing regimen*, when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.
#' - **I = Increased exposure, but still susceptible**\cr
#' - **I = Susceptible, Increased exposure**\cr
#' A microorganism is categorised as *Susceptible, Increased exposure* when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.
#'
#' This AMR package honours this (new) insight. Use [susceptibility()] (equal to [proportion_SI()]) to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and [count_susceptible()] (equal to [count_SI()]) to count susceptible isolates.
@ -649,10 +649,9 @@ as.rsi.data.frame <- function(x,
if (is.null(col_mo.bak)) {
col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo")
}
x_mo <- as.mo(x[, col_mo, drop = TRUE])
}
x_mo <- as.mo(x %pm>% pm_pull(col_mo))
for (i in seq_len(length(ab_cols))) {
if (types[i] == "mic") {
x[, ab_cols[i]] <- as.rsi(x = x %pm>%
@ -683,11 +682,11 @@ as.rsi.data.frame <- function(x,
show_message <- FALSE
ab <- ab_cols[i]
ab_coerced <- suppressWarnings(as.ab(ab))
if (!all(x[, ab_cols[i], drop = TRUE] %in% c("R", "S", "I"), na.rm = TRUE)) {
if (!all(x[, ab_cols[i], drop = TRUE] %in% c("R", "S", "I", NA), na.rm = TRUE)) {
show_message <- TRUE
# only print message if values are not already clean
message_("=> Cleaning values in column '", font_bold(ab), "' (",
ifelse(ab_coerced != ab, paste0(ab_coerced, ", "), ""),
ifelse(ab_coerced != toupper(ab), paste0(ab_coerced, ", "), ""),
ab_name(ab_coerced, tolower = TRUE), ")... ",
appendLF = FALSE,
as_note = FALSE)
@ -695,7 +694,7 @@ as.rsi.data.frame <- function(x,
show_message <- TRUE
# only print message if class not already set
message_("=> Assigning class <rsi> to already clean column '", font_bold(ab), "' (",
ifelse(ab_coerced != ab, paste0(ab_coerced, ", "), ""),
ifelse(ab_coerced != toupper(ab), paste0(ab_coerced, ", "), ""),
ab_name(ab_coerced, tolower = TRUE), ")... ",
appendLF = FALSE,
as_note = FALSE)

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7
R/zzz.R
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@ -89,12 +89,17 @@ if (utf8_supported && !is_latex) {
# reference data - they have additional columns compared to `antibiotics` and `microorganisms` to improve speed
# they can't be part of R/sysdata.rda since CRAN thinks it would make the package too large (+3 MB)
# they cannott be part of R/sysdata.rda since CRAN thinks it would make the package too large (+3 MB)
assign(x = "AB_lookup", value = create_AB_lookup(), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
assign(x = "MO_lookup", value = create_MO_lookup(), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
assign(x = "MO.old_lookup", value = create_MO.old_lookup(), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
# for mo_is_intrinsic_resistant() - saves a lot of time when executed on this vector
assign(x = "INTRINSIC_R", value = create_intr_resistance(), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
# for building the website, only print first 5 rows of a data set
# if (Sys.getenv("IN_PKGDOWN") != "" && !interactive()) {
# ...
# }
}
# Helper functions --------------------------------------------------------

7
_pkgdown.yml
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@ -215,8 +215,11 @@ authors:
href: https://www.rug.nl/staff/c.glasner/
template:
# this requires the 'preferably' package, https://github.com/amirmasoudabdol/preferably/
# package: preferably
opengraph:
twitter:
creator: "@msberends"
site: "@univgroningen"
card: summary_large_image
assets: "pkgdown/logos" # use logos in this folder
params:
noindex: false

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24
data-raw/_install_deps.R
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@ -27,10 +27,26 @@
install.packages("data-raw/tinytest_1.2.4.10.tar.gz")
install.packages("data-raw/AMR_latest.tar.gz", dependencies = FALSE)
pkg_suggests <- gsub("[^a-zA-Z0-9]+", "", unlist(strsplit(packageDescription("AMR", fields = "Suggests"), ", ?")))
cat("Packages listed in Suggests:", paste(pkg_suggests, collapse = ", "), "\n")
pkg_to_install <- c("cleaner",
"curl",
"dplyr",
"ggplot2",
"ggtext",
"knitr",
"microbenchmark",
"pillar",
"readxl",
"rmarkdown",
"rstudioapi",
"rvest",
"skimr",
"tidyr",
"tinytest",
"vctrs",
"xml2" )
cat("Packages to install:", paste(pkg_to_install, collapse = ", "), "\n")
to_install <- pkg_suggests[!pkg_suggests %in% rownames(utils::installed.packages())]
to_install <- pkg_to_install[!pkg_to_install %in% rownames(utils::installed.packages())]
if (length(to_install) == 0) {
message("\nNothing to install\n")
}
@ -43,7 +59,7 @@ for (i in seq_len(length(to_install))) {
}
to_update <- as.data.frame(utils::old.packages(repos = "https://cran.rstudio.com/"), stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
to_update <- to_update[which(to_update$Package %in% pkg_suggests), "Package", drop = TRUE]
to_update <- to_update[which(to_update$Package %in% pkg_to_install), "Package", drop = TRUE]
if (length(to_update) == 0) {
message("\nNothing to update\n")
}

108
data-raw/_internals.R
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@ -116,32 +116,35 @@ MO_COPS <- create_species_cons_cops("CoPS")
# antibiotic groups
# (these will also be used for eucast_rules() and understanding data-raw/eucast_rules.tsv)
globalenv_before_ab <- c(ls(envir = globalenv()), "globalenv_before_ab")
AMINOGLYCOSIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "aminoglycoside") %>% pull(ab)
AMINOPENICILLINS <- as.ab(c("AMP", "AMX"))
CARBAPENEMS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "carbapenem") %>% pull(ab)
CEPHALOSPORINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin") %>% pull(ab)
CEPHALOSPORINS_1ST <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*1") %>% pull(ab)
CEPHALOSPORINS_2ND <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*2") %>% pull(ab)
CEPHALOSPORINS_3RD <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*3") %>% pull(ab)
CEPHALOSPORINS_4TH <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*4") %>% pull(ab)
CEPHALOSPORINS_5TH <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*5") %>% pull(ab)
CEPHALOSPORINS_EXCEPT_CAZ <- CEPHALOSPORINS[CEPHALOSPORINS != "CAZ"]
FLUOROQUINOLONES <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "fluoroquinolone" | (group %like% "quinolone" & is.na(atc_group2))) %>% pull(ab)
LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDES <- as.ab(c("DAL", "ORI", "TLV")) # dalba/orita/tela
GLYCOPEPTIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "glycopeptide") %>% pull(ab)
GLYCOPEPTIDES_EXCEPT_LIPO <- GLYCOPEPTIDES[!GLYCOPEPTIDES %in% LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDES]
LINCOSAMIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "lincosamide" | (group %like% "lincosamide" & is.na(atc_group2))) %>% pull(ab)
MACROLIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "macrolide" | (group %like% "macrolide" & is.na(atc_group2))) %>% pull(ab)
OXAZOLIDINONES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "oxazolidinone") %>% pull(ab)
PENICILLINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "penicillin") %>% pull(ab)
POLYMYXINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "polymyxin") %>% pull(ab)
QUINOLONES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "quinolone") %>% pull(ab)
STREPTOGRAMINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "streptogramin") %>% pull(ab)
TETRACYCLINES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "tetracycline") %>% pull(ab)
TETRACYCLINES_EXCEPT_TGC <- TETRACYCLINES[TETRACYCLINES != "TGC"]
UREIDOPENICILLINS <- as.ab(c("PIP", "TZP", "AZL", "MEZ"))
BETALACTAMS <- c(PENICILLINS, CEPHALOSPORINS, CARBAPENEMS)
AB_AMINOGLYCOSIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "aminoglycoside") %>% pull(ab)
AB_AMINOPENICILLINS <- as.ab(c("AMP", "AMX"))
AB_ANTIFUNGALS <- AB_lookup %>% filter(group %like% "antifungal") %>% pull(ab)
AB_ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS <- AB_lookup %>% filter(group %like% "antimycobacterial") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CARBAPENEMS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "carbapenem") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_1ST <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*1") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_2ND <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*2") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_3RD <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*3") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_4TH <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*4") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_5TH <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "cephalosporin.*5") %>% pull(ab)
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_EXCEPT_CAZ <- AB_CEPHALOSPORINS[AB_CEPHALOSPORINS != "CAZ"]
AB_FLUOROQUINOLONES <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "fluoroquinolone" | (group %like% "quinolone" & is.na(atc_group2))) %>% pull(ab)
AB_GLYCOPEPTIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "glycopeptide") %>% pull(ab)
AB_LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDES <- as.ab(c("DAL", "ORI", "TLV")) # dalba/orita/tela
AB_GLYCOPEPTIDES_EXCEPT_LIPO <- AB_GLYCOPEPTIDES[!AB_GLYCOPEPTIDES %in% AB_LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDES]
AB_LINCOSAMIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "lincosamide" | (group %like% "lincosamide" & is.na(atc_group2))) %>% pull(ab)
AB_MACROLIDES <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "macrolide" | (group %like% "macrolide" & is.na(atc_group2))) %>% pull(ab)
AB_OXAZOLIDINONES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "oxazolidinone") %>% pull(ab)
AB_PENICILLINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "penicillin") %>% pull(ab)
AB_POLYMYXINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "polymyxin") %>% pull(ab)
AB_QUINOLONES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "quinolone") %>% pull(ab)
AB_STREPTOGRAMINS <- antibiotics %>% filter(atc_group2 %like% "streptogramin") %>% pull(ab)
AB_TETRACYCLINES <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "tetracycline") %>% pull(ab)
AB_TETRACYCLINES_EXCEPT_TGC <- AB_TETRACYCLINES[AB_TETRACYCLINES != "TGC"]
AB_TRIMETHOPRIMS <- antibiotics %>% filter(group %like% "trimethoprim") %>% pull(ab)
AB_UREIDOPENICILLINS <- as.ab(c("PIP", "TZP", "AZL", "MEZ"))
AB_BETALACTAMS <- c(AB_PENICILLINS, AB_CEPHALOSPORINS, AB_CARBAPENEMS)
# this will be used for documentation:
DEFINED_AB_GROUPS <- ls(envir = globalenv())
DEFINED_AB_GROUPS <- DEFINED_AB_GROUPS[!DEFINED_AB_GROUPS %in% globalenv_before_ab]
@ -152,31 +155,34 @@ usethis::use_data(EUCAST_RULES_DF,
# EXAMPLE_ISOLATES,
MO_CONS,
MO_COPS,
AMINOGLYCOSIDES,
AMINOPENICILLINS,
CARBAPENEMS,
CEPHALOSPORINS,
CEPHALOSPORINS_1ST,
CEPHALOSPORINS_2ND,
CEPHALOSPORINS_3RD,
CEPHALOSPORINS_4TH,
CEPHALOSPORINS_5TH,
CEPHALOSPORINS_EXCEPT_CAZ,
FLUOROQUINOLONES,
LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDES,
GLYCOPEPTIDES,
GLYCOPEPTIDES_EXCEPT_LIPO,
LINCOSAMIDES,
MACROLIDES,
OXAZOLIDINONES,
PENICILLINS,
POLYMYXINS,
QUINOLONES,
STREPTOGRAMINS,
TETRACYCLINES,
TETRACYCLINES_EXCEPT_TGC,
UREIDOPENICILLINS,
BETALACTAMS,
AB_AMINOGLYCOSIDES,
AB_AMINOPENICILLINS,
AB_ANTIFUNGALS,
AB_ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS,
AB_CARBAPENEMS,
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS,
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_1ST,
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_2ND,
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_3RD,
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_4TH,
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_5TH,
AB_CEPHALOSPORINS_EXCEPT_CAZ,
AB_FLUOROQUINOLONES,
AB_LIPOGLYCOPEPTIDES,
AB_GLYCOPEPTIDES,
AB_GLYCOPEPTIDES_EXCEPT_LIPO,
AB_LINCOSAMIDES,
AB_MACROLIDES,
AB_OXAZOLIDINONES,
AB_PENICILLINS,
AB_POLYMYXINS,
AB_QUINOLONES,
AB_STREPTOGRAMINS,
AB_TETRACYCLINES,
AB_TETRACYCLINES_EXCEPT_TGC,
AB_TRIMETHOPRIMS,
AB_UREIDOPENICILLINS,
AB_BETALACTAMS,
DEFINED_AB_GROUPS,
internal = TRUE,
overwrite = TRUE,

2
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@ -1 +1 @@
3231895277e8e2b157672822c1913639
aacf86b0d2e8a0057fea296eeab20960

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data-raw/antibiotics.txt
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@ -1,511 +1,511 @@
"ab" "atc" "cid" "name" "group" "atc_group1" "atc_group2" "abbreviations" "synonyms" "oral_ddd" "oral_units" "iv_ddd" "iv_units" "loinc"
"AMA" "J04AA01" 4649 "4-aminosalicylic acid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "c(\"aminopar\", \"aminosalicylic\", \"aminosalicylic acid\", \"aminosalyl\", \"aminox\", \"apacil\", \"deapasil\", \"entepas\", \"ferrosan\", \"gabbropas\", \"helipidyl\", \"hellipidyl\", \"neopasalate\", \"osacyl\", \"pamacyl\", \"pamisyl\", \"paramycin\", \"parasal\", \"parasalicil\", \"parasalindon\", \"pasalon\", \"pasara\", \"pascorbic\", \"pasdium\", \"paser granules\", \"paskalium\", \"pasmed\", \"pasnodia\", \"pasolac\", \"propasa\", \"rezipas\", \"teebacin\", \"wln: zr cq dvq\")" 12 "g" "character(0)"
"FCT" "D01AE21" 3366 "5-fluorocytosine" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antifungals for topical use" "Other antifungals for topical use" "c(\"5flc\", \"fcu\", \"fluo\", \"fluy\")" "c(\"alcobon\", \"ancobon\", \"ancotil\", \"ancotyl\", \"flucitosina\", \"flucystine\", \"flucytosin\", \"flucytosine\", \"flucytosinum\", \"flucytosone\", \"fluocytosine\", \"fluorcytosine\")" "c(\"10974-4\", \"23805-5\", \"25142-1\", \"25143-9\", \"3639-2\", \"46218-4\")"
"ACM" 6450012 "Acetylmidecamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"ASP" 49787020 "Acetylspiramycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"acetylspiramycin\", \"foromacidin b\", \"spiramycin ii\")" "character(0)"
"ALS" "J04BA03" 8954 "Aldesulfone sodium" "Other antibacterials" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "" "c(\"adesulfone sodium\", \"aldapsone\", \"aldesulfona sodica\", \"aldesulfone\", \"aldesulfone sodique\", \"aldesulfone sodium\", \"diamidin\", \"diasone\", \"diasone sodium\", \"diazon\", \"novotrone\", \"sodium aldesulphone\", \"sodium sulfoxone\", \"sulfoxone sodium\")" 0.33 "g" "character(0)"
"AMK" "J01GB06" 37768 "Amikacin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"ak\", \"ami\", \"amik\", \"amk\", \"an\")" "c(\"amicacin\", \"amikacillin\", \"amikacin\", \"amikacin base\", \"amikacin dihydrate\", \"amikacin sulfate\", \"amikacina\", \"amikacine\", \"amikacinum\", \"amikavet\", \"amikin\", \"amiklin\", \"amikozit\", \"amukin\", \"arikace\", \"briclin\", \"lukadin\", \"mikavir\", \"pierami\", \"potentox\")" 1 "g" "c(\"13546-7\", \"15098-7\", \"17798-0\", \"31097-9\", \"31098-7\", \"31099-5\", \"3319-1\", \"3320-9\", \"3321-7\", \"35669-1\", \"50802-8\", \"50803-6\", \"56628-1\", \"59378-0\", \"80972-3\")"
"AKF" "Amikacin/fosfomycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "" ""
"AMX" "J01CA04" 33613 "Amoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"ac\", \"amox\", \"amx\")" "c(\"actimoxi\", \"amoclen\", \"amolin\", \"amopen\", \"amopenixin\", \"amoxibiotic\", \"amoxicaps\", \"amoxicilina\", \"amoxicillin\", \"amoxicilline\", \"amoxicillinum\", \"amoxiden\", \"amoxil\", \"amoxivet\", \"amoxy\", \"amoxycillin\", \"anemolin\", \"aspenil\", \"biomox\", \"bristamox\", \"cemoxin\", \"clamoxyl\", \"delacillin\", \"dispermox\", \"efpenix\", \"flemoxin\", \"hiconcil\", \"histocillin\", \"hydroxyampicillin\", \"ibiamox\", \"imacillin\", \"lamoxy\", \"metafarma capsules\", \"metifarma capsules\", \"moxacin\", \"moxatag\", \"ospamox\", \"pamoxicillin\",
"ab" "cid" "name" "group" "atc" "atc_group1" "atc_group2" "abbreviations" "synonyms" "oral_ddd" "oral_units" "iv_ddd" "iv_units" "loinc"
"AMA" 4649 "4-aminosalicylic acid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AA01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "c(\"aminopar\", \"aminosalicylic\", \"aminosalicylic acid\", \"aminosalyl\", \"aminox\", \"apacil\", \"deapasil\", \"entepas\", \"ferrosan\", \"gabbropas\", \"helipidyl\", \"hellipidyl\", \"neopasalate\", \"osacyl\", \"pamacyl\", \"pamisyl\", \"paramycin\", \"parasal\", \"parasalicil\", \"parasalindon\", \"pasalon\", \"pasara\", \"pascorbic\", \"pasdium\", \"paser granules\", \"paskalium\", \"pasmed\", \"pasnodia\", \"pasolac\", \"propasa\", \"rezipas\", \"teebacin\", \"wln: zr cq dvq\")" 12 "g" "character(0)"
"FCT" 3366 "5-fluorocytosine" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "D01AE21" "Antifungals for topical use" "Other antifungals for topical use" "c(\"5flc\", \"fcu\", \"fluo\", \"fluy\")" "c(\"alcobon\", \"ancobon\", \"ancotil\", \"ancotyl\", \"flucitosina\", \"flucystine\", \"flucytosin\", \"flucytosine\", \"flucytosinum\", \"flucytosone\", \"fluocytosine\", \"fluorcytosine\")" "c(\"10974-4\", \"23805-5\", \"25142-1\", \"25143-9\", \"3639-2\", \"46218-4\")"
"ACM" 6450012 "Acetylmidecamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"ASP" 49787020 "Acetylspiramycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"acetylspiramycin\", \"foromacidin b\", \"spiramycin ii\")" "character(0)"
"ALS" 8954 "Aldesulfone sodium" "Other antibacterials" "J04BA03" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "" "c(\"adesulfone sodium\", \"aldapsone\", \"aldesulfona sodica\", \"aldesulfone\", \"aldesulfone sodique\", \"aldesulfone sodium\", \"diamidin\", \"diasone\", \"diasone sodium\", \"diazon\", \"novotrone\", \"sodium aldesulphone\", \"sodium sulfoxone\", \"sulfoxone sodium\")" 0.33 "g" "character(0)"
"AMK" 37768 "Amikacin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"D06AX12\", \"J01GB06\", \"S01AA21\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"ak\", \"ami\", \"amik\", \"amk\", \"an\")" "c(\"amicacin\", \"amikacillin\", \"amikacin\", \"amikacin base\", \"amikacin dihydrate\", \"amikacin sulfate\", \"amikacina\", \"amikacine\", \"amikacinum\", \"amikavet\", \"amikin\", \"amiklin\", \"amikozit\", \"amukin\", \"arikace\", \"briclin\", \"lukadin\", \"mikavir\", \"pierami\", \"potentox\")" 1 "g" "c(\"13546-7\", \"15098-7\", \"17798-0\", \"31097-9\", \"31098-7\", \"31099-5\", \"3319-1\", \"3320-9\", \"3321-7\", \"35669-1\", \"50802-8\", \"50803-6\", \"56628-1\", \"59378-0\", \"80972-3\")"
"AKF" "Amikacin/fosfomycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "" ""
"AMX" 33613 "Amoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA04" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"ac\", \"amox\", \"amx\")" "c(\"actimoxi\", \"amoclen\", \"amolin\", \"amopen\", \"amopenixin\", \"amoxibiotic\", \"amoxicaps\", \"amoxicilina\", \"amoxicillin\", \"amoxicilline\", \"amoxicillinum\", \"amoxiden\", \"amoxil\", \"amoxivet\", \"amoxy\", \"amoxycillin\", \"anemolin\", \"aspenil\", \"biomox\", \"bristamox\", \"cemoxin\", \"clamoxyl\", \"delacillin\", \"dispermox\", \"efpenix\", \"flemoxin\", \"hiconcil\", \"histocillin\", \"hydroxyampicillin\", \"ibiamox\", \"imacillin\", \"lamoxy\", \"metafarma capsules\", \"metifarma capsules\", \"moxacin\", \"moxatag\", \"ospamox\", \"pamoxicillin\",
\"piramox\", \"robamox\", \"sawamox pm\", \"tolodina\", \"unicillin\", \"utimox\", \"vetramox\")" 1.5 "g" 3 "g" "c(\"16365-9\", \"25274-2\", \"3344-9\", \"80133-2\")"
"AMC" "J01CR02" 23665637 "Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"a/c\", \"amcl\", \"aml\", \"aug\", \"xl\")" "c(\"amocla\", \"amoclan\", \"amoclav\", \"amoxsiklav\", \"augmentan\", \"augmentin\", \"augmentin xr\", \"augmentine\", \"auspilic\", \"clamentin\", \"clamobit\", \"clavamox\", \"clavinex\", \"clavoxilin plus\", \"clavulin\", \"clavumox\", \"coamoxiclav\", \"eumetinex\", \"kmoxilin\", \"spectramox\", \"spektramox\", \"viaclav\", \"xiclav\")" 1.5 "g" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"AXS" 465441 "Amoxicillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"AMB" "J02AA01" 5280965 "Amphotericin B" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Antibiotics" "c(\"amf\", \"amfb\", \"amph\")" "c(\"abelcet\", \"abelecet\", \"ambisome\", \"amfotericina b\", \"amphocin\", \"amphomoronal\", \"amphortericin b\", \"amphotec\", \"amphotericin\", \"amphotericin b\", \"amphotericine b\", \"amphotericinum b\", \"amphozone\", \"anfotericine b\", \"fungilin\", \"fungisome\", \"fungisone\", \"fungizone\", \"halizon\")" 35 "mg" "c(\"16370-9\", \"3353-0\", \"3354-8\", \"40707-2\", \"40757-7\", \"49859-2\")"
"AMH" "Amphotericin B-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"amfo b high\", \"amhl\", \"ampho b high\", \"amphotericin high\")" "" ""
"AMP" "J01CA01" 6249 "Ampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"am\", \"amp\", \"ampi\")" "c(\"acillin\", \"adobacillin\", \"amblosin\", \"amcill\", \"amfipen\", \"amfipen v\", \"amipenix s\", \"ampichel\", \"ampicil\", \"ampicilina\", \"ampicillin\", \"ampicillin a\", \"ampicillin acid\", \"ampicillin anhydrate\", \"ampicillin anhydrous\", \"ampicillin base\", \"ampicillin sodium\", \"ampicillina\", \"ampicilline\", \"ampicillinum\", \"ampicin\", \"ampifarm\", \"ampikel\", \"ampimed\", \"ampipenin\", \"ampiscel\", \"ampisyn\", \"ampivax\", \"ampivet\", \"amplacilina\", \"amplin\", \"amplipenyl\", \"amplisom\", \"amplital\", \"anhydrous ampicillin\", \"austrapen\",
"AMC" 23665637 "Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CR02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"a/c\", \"amcl\", \"aml\", \"aug\", \"xl\")" "c(\"amocla\", \"amoclan\", \"amoclav\", \"amoxsiklav\", \"augmentan\", \"augmentin\", \"augmentin xr\", \"augmentine\", \"auspilic\", \"clamentin\", \"clamobit\", \"clavamox\", \"clavinex\", \"clavoxilin plus\", \"clavulin\", \"clavumox\", \"coamoxiclav\", \"eumetinex\", \"kmoxilin\", \"spectramox\", \"spektramox\", \"viaclav\", \"xiclav\")" 1.5 "g" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"AXS" 465441 "Amoxicillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"AMB" 5280965 "Amphotericin B" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB04\", \"A07AA07\", \"G01AA03\", \"J02AA01\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Antibiotics" "c(\"amf\", \"amfb\", \"amph\")" "c(\"abelcet\", \"abelecet\", \"ambisome\", \"amfotericina b\", \"amphocin\", \"amphomoronal\", \"amphortericin b\", \"amphotec\", \"amphotericin\", \"amphotericin b\", \"amphotericine b\", \"amphotericinum b\", \"amphozone\", \"anfotericine b\", \"fungilin\", \"fungisome\", \"fungisone\", \"fungizone\", \"halizon\")" 35 "mg" "c(\"16370-9\", \"3353-0\", \"3354-8\", \"40707-2\", \"40757-7\", \"49859-2\")"
"AMH" "Amphotericin B-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"amfo b high\", \"amhl\", \"ampho b high\", \"amphotericin high\")" "" ""
"AMP" 6249 "Ampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "c(\"J01CA01\", \"S01AA19\")" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"am\", \"amp\", \"ampi\")" "c(\"acillin\", \"adobacillin\", \"amblosin\", \"amcill\", \"amfipen\", \"amfipen v\", \"amipenix s\", \"ampichel\", \"ampicil\", \"ampicilina\", \"ampicillin\", \"ampicillin a\", \"ampicillin acid\", \"ampicillin anhydrate\", \"ampicillin anhydrous\", \"ampicillin base\", \"ampicillin sodium\", \"ampicillina\", \"ampicilline\", \"ampicillinum\", \"ampicin\", \"ampifarm\", \"ampikel\", \"ampimed\", \"ampipenin\", \"ampiscel\", \"ampisyn\", \"ampivax\", \"ampivet\", \"amplacilina\", \"amplin\", \"amplipenyl\", \"amplisom\", \"amplital\", \"anhydrous ampicillin\", \"austrapen\",
\"binotal\", \"bonapicillin\", \"britacil\", \"campicillin\", \"copharcilin\", \"delcillin\", \"deripen\", \"divercillin\", \"doktacillin\", \"duphacillin\", \"grampenil\", \"guicitrina\", \"guicitrine\", \"lifeampil\", \"marcillin\", \"morepen\", \"norobrittin\", \"nuvapen\", \"olin kid\", \"omnipen\", \"orbicilina\", \"pen a oral\", \"pen ampil\", \"penbristol\", \"penbritin\", \"penbritin paediatric\", \"penbritin syrup\", \"penbrock\", \"penicline\", \"penimic\", \"pensyn\", \"pentrex\", \"pentrexl\", \"pentrexyl\", \"pentritin\", \"pfizerpen a\", \"polycillin\", \"polyflex\",
\"ponecil\", \"princillin\", \"principen\", \"qidamp\", \"racenacillin\", \"rosampline\", \"roscillin\", \"semicillin\", \"semicillin r\", \"servicillin\", \"sumipanto\", \"synpenin\", \"texcillin\", \"tokiocillin\", \"tolomol\", \"totacillin\", \"totalciclina\", \"totapen\", \"trifacilina\", \"ukapen\", \"ultrabion\", \"ultrabron\", \"vampen\", \"viccillin\", \"viccillin s\", \"vidocillin\", \"wypicil\")" 2 "g" 6 "g" "c(\"21066-6\", \"3355-5\", \"33562-0\", \"33919-2\", \"43883-8\", \"43884-6\", \"87604-5\")"
"SAM" "J01CR01" 119561 "Ampicillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"a/s\", \"ab\", \"ams\", \"amsu\", \"apsu\", \"sam\")" "" 6 "g" ""
"AMR" 73341 "Amprolium" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"amprocidum\", \"amprolio\", \"amprolium\", \"amprovine\")" "character(0)"
"ANI" "J02AX06" 166548 "Anidulafungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "anid" "c(\"anidulafungin\", \"anidulafungina\", \"anidulafungine\", \"anidulafunginum\", \"ecalta\", \"eraxis\")" 0.1 "g" "58420-1"
"APL" 6602341 "Apalcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"apalcilina\", \"apalcillin\", \"apalcilline\", \"apalcillinum\")" "character(0)"
"APR" 3081545 "Apramycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"ambylan\", \"apralan\", \"apramicina\", \"apramycin\", \"apramycine\", \"apramycinum\", \"nebramycin ii\")" "character(0)"
"ARB" 68682 "Arbekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"arbekacin\", \"arbekacina\", \"arbekacine\", \"arbekacini sulfas\", \"arbekacinum\", \"habekacin\", \"haberacin\")" "character(0)"
"APX" 71961 "Aspoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"aspoxicilina\", \"aspoxicillan\", \"aspoxicillin\", \"aspoxicilline\", \"aspoxicillinum\")" "character(0)"
"AST" 5284517 "Astromicin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"astromicin\", \"astromicin a\", \"astromicina\", \"astromicine\", \"astromicinum\", \"fortimicin a\")" "character(0)"
"AVB" 9835049 "Avibactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"avibactam\", \"avibactam free acid\")" "character(0)"
"AVI" 71674 "Avilamycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"avilamycin\", \"avilamycina\", \"avilamycine\", \"avilamycinum\", \"surmax\")" "character(0)"
"AVO" 16131159 "Avoparcin" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"AZD" "J01CE04" 15574941 "Azidocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"azidocilina\", \"azidocillin\", \"azidocillina\", \"azidocilline\", \"azidocillinum\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"AZM" "J01FA10" 447043 "Azithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"az\", \"azi\", \"azit\", \"azm\")" "c(\"aritromicina\", \"azasite\", \"azenil\", \"azifast\", \"azigram\", \"azimakrol\", \"azithramycine\", \"azithromycin\", \"azithromycine\", \"azithromycinum\", \"azitrocin\", \"azitromax\", \"azitromicina\", \"azitromicine\", \"azitromin\", \"aziwok\", \"aztrin\", \"azyter\", \"azythromycin\", \"hemomycin\", \"misultina\", \"mixoterin\", \"setron\", \"sumamed\", \"tromix\", \"trulimax\", \"zentavion\", \"zithrax\", \"zithromac\", \"zithromax\", \"zithromax iv\", \"zithromycin\", \"zitrim\", \"zitromax\", \"zitrotek\", \"zmax sr\")" 0.3 "g" 0.5 "g" "c(\"16420-2\", \"25233-8\")"
"AZL" "J01CA09" 6479523 "Azlocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"az\", \"azl\", \"azlo\")" "" 12 "g" ""
"ATM" "J01DF01" 5742832 "Aztreonam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Monobactams" "c(\"at\", \"atm\", \"azm\", \"azt\", \"aztr\")" "c(\"azactam\", \"azetreonam\", \"azthreonam\", \"aztreonam\", \"primbactam\")" 4 "g" "c(\"16423-6\", \"25234-6\", \"3369-6\")"
"AZA" "Aztreonam/avibactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"BAM" "J01CA06" 441397 "Bacampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"bacampicilina\", \"bacampicillin\", \"bacampicilline\", \"bacampicillinum\", \"penglobe\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"BAC" "R02AB04" 78358334 "Bacitracin zinc" "Other antibacterials" "baci" "" ""
"BDQ" 5388906 "Bedaquiline" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"bedaquiline\", \"sirturo\")" "80637-2"
"BEK" 439318 "Bekanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"aminodeoxykanamycin\", \"becanamicina\", \"bekanamycin\", \"bekanamycine\", \"bekanamycinum\", \"nebramycin v\")" "character(0)"
"BNB" "J01CE08" "Benzathine benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "" 3.6 "g" ""
"BNP" "J01CE10" 64725 "Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"bicillin v\", \"biphecillin\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PEN" "J01CE01" 5904 "Benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Combinations of antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "c(\"bepe\", \"pen\", \"peni\", \"peni g\", \"penicillin\", \"penicillin g\", \"pg\")" "c(\"abbocillin\", \"ayercillin\", \"bencilpenicilina\", \"benzopenicillin\", \"benzyl penicillin\", \"benzylpenicillin\", \"benzylpenicillin g\", \"benzylpenicilline\", \"benzylpenicillinum\", \"bicillin\", \"cillora\", \"cilloral\", \"cilopen\", \"compocillin g\", \"cosmopen\", \"dropcillin\", \"free penicillin g\", \"free penicillin ii\", \"galofak\", \"gelacillin\", \"liquacillin\", \"megacillin\", \"pencillin g\", \"penicillin\", \"penicilling\", \"pentids\", \"permapen\", \"pfizerpen\", \"pfizerpen g\", \"pharmacillin\", \"pradupen\", \"specilline g\", \"ursopen\"
"SAM" 119561 "Ampicillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CR01" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"a/s\", \"ab\", \"ams\", \"amsu\", \"apsu\", \"sam\")" "" 6 "g" ""
"AMR" 73341 "Amprolium" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"amprocidum\", \"amprolio\", \"amprolium\", \"amprovine\")" "character(0)"
"ANI" 166548 "Anidulafungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AX06" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "anid" "c(\"anidulafungin\", \"anidulafungina\", \"anidulafungine\", \"anidulafunginum\", \"ecalta\", \"eraxis\")" 0.1 "g" "58420-1"
"APL" 6602341 "Apalcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"apalcilina\", \"apalcillin\", \"apalcilline\", \"apalcillinum\")" "character(0)"
"APR" 3081545 "Apramycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"ambylan\", \"apralan\", \"apramicina\", \"apramycin\", \"apramycine\", \"apramycinum\", \"nebramycin ii\")" "character(0)"
"ARB" 68682 "Arbekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB12" "" "c(\"arbekacin\", \"arbekacina\", \"arbekacine\", \"arbekacini sulfas\", \"arbekacinum\", \"habekacin\", \"haberacin\")" "character(0)"
"APX" 71961 "Aspoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA19" "" "c(\"aspoxicilina\", \"aspoxicillan\", \"aspoxicillin\", \"aspoxicilline\", \"aspoxicillinum\")" "character(0)"
"AST" 5284517 "Astromicin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"astromicin\", \"astromicin a\", \"astromicina\", \"astromicine\", \"astromicinum\", \"fortimicin a\")" "character(0)"
"AVB" 9835049 "Avibactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"avibactam\", \"avibactam free acid\")" "character(0)"
"AVI" 71674 "Avilamycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"avilamycin\", \"avilamycina\", \"avilamycine\", \"avilamycinum\", \"surmax\")" "character(0)"
"AVO" 16131159 "Avoparcin" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"AZD" 15574941 "Azidocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE04" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"azidocilina\", \"azidocillin\", \"azidocillina\", \"azidocilline\", \"azidocillinum\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"AZM" 447043 "Azithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "c(\"J01FA10\", \"S01AA26\")" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"az\", \"azi\", \"azit\", \"azm\")" "c(\"aritromicina\", \"azasite\", \"azenil\", \"azifast\", \"azigram\", \"azimakrol\", \"azithramycine\", \"azithromycin\", \"azithromycine\", \"azithromycinum\", \"azitrocin\", \"azitromax\", \"azitromicina\", \"azitromicine\", \"azitromin\", \"aziwok\", \"aztrin\", \"azyter\", \"azythromycin\", \"hemomycin\", \"misultina\", \"mixoterin\", \"setron\", \"sumamed\", \"tromix\", \"trulimax\", \"zentavion\", \"zithrax\", \"zithromac\", \"zithromax\", \"zithromax iv\", \"zithromycin\", \"zitrim\", \"zitromax\", \"zitrotek\", \"zmax sr\")" 0.3 "g" 0.5 "g" "c(\"16420-2\", \"25233-8\")"
"AZL" 6479523 "Azlocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA09" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"az\", \"azl\", \"azlo\")" "" 12 "g" ""
"ATM" 5742832 "Aztreonam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01DF01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Monobactams" "c(\"at\", \"atm\", \"azm\", \"azt\", \"aztr\")" "c(\"azactam\", \"azetreonam\", \"azthreonam\", \"aztreonam\", \"primbactam\")" 4 "g" "c(\"16423-6\", \"25234-6\", \"3369-6\")"
"AZA" "Aztreonam/avibactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"BAM" 441397 "Bacampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA06" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"bacampicilina\", \"bacampicillin\", \"bacampicilline\", \"bacampicillinum\", \"penglobe\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"BAC" 78358334 "Bacitracin zinc" "Other antibacterials" "R02AB04" "baci" "" ""
"BDQ" 5388906 "Bedaquiline" "Other antibacterials" "J04AK05" "" "c(\"bedaquiline\", \"sirturo\")" "80637-2"
"BEK" 439318 "Bekanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB13" "" "c(\"aminodeoxykanamycin\", \"becanamicina\", \"bekanamycin\", \"bekanamycine\", \"bekanamycinum\", \"nebramycin v\")" "character(0)"
"BNB" "Benzathine benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE08" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "" 3.6 "g" ""
"BNP" 64725 "Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE10" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"bicillin v\", \"biphecillin\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PEN" 5904 "Benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "c(\"J01CE01\", \"S01AA14\")" "Combinations of antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "c(\"bepe\", \"pen\", \"peni\", \"peni g\", \"penicillin\", \"penicillin g\", \"pg\")" "c(\"abbocillin\", \"ayercillin\", \"bencilpenicilina\", \"benzopenicillin\", \"benzyl penicillin\", \"benzylpenicillin\", \"benzylpenicillin g\", \"benzylpenicilline\", \"benzylpenicillinum\", \"bicillin\", \"cillora\", \"cilloral\", \"cilopen\", \"compocillin g\", \"cosmopen\", \"dropcillin\", \"free penicillin g\", \"free penicillin ii\", \"galofak\", \"gelacillin\", \"liquacillin\", \"megacillin\", \"pencillin g\", \"penicillin\", \"penicilling\", \"pentids\", \"permapen\", \"pfizerpen\", \"pfizerpen g\", \"pharmacillin\", \"pradupen\", \"specilline g\", \"ursopen\"
)" 3.6 "g" "3913-1"
"BES" 10178705 "Besifloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "besifloxacin" "character(0)"
"BIA" 71339 "Biapenem" "Carbapenems" "" "c(\"biapenem\", \"biapenern\", \"bipenem\", \"omegacin\")" "character(0)"
"BCZ" 65807 "Bicyclomycin (Bicozamycin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aizumycin\", \"bacfeed\", \"bacteron\", \"bicozamicina\", \"bicozamycin\", \"bicozamycine\", \"bicozamycinum\")" "character(0)"
"BDP" "J01EA02" 68760 "Brodimoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Trimethoprim and derivatives" "" "c(\"brodimoprim\", \"brodimoprima\", \"brodimoprime\", \"brodimoprimum\", \"bromdimoprim\", \"hyprim\", \"unitrim\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"BUT" 47472 "Butoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"butaconazole\", \"butoconazol\", \"butoconazole\", \"butoconazolum\", \"compositenstarke\", \"dahlin\", \"femstat\", \"gynofort\", \"polyfructosanum\")" "character(0)"
"CDZ" 44242317 "Cadazolid" "Oxazolidinones" "" "cadazolid" "character(0)"
"CLA" "J04AA03" "Calcium aminosalicylate" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "" 15 ""
"CAP" "J04AB30" 135565060 "Capreomycin" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "c(\"\", \"capr\")" "" 1 "g" ""
"CRB" "J01CA03" 20824 "Carbenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"bar\", \"carb\", \"cb\")" "c(\"anabactyl\", \"carbenicilina\", \"carbenicillin\", \"carbenicillina\", \"carbenicilline\", \"carbenicillinum\", \"geopen\", \"pyopen\")" 12 "g" "3434-8"
"CRN" "J01CA05" 93184 "Carindacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"carindacilina\", \"carindacillin\", \"carindacilline\", \"carindacillinum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CAR" 6540466 "Carumonam" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"carumonam\", \"carumonamum\")" "character(0)"
"CAS" "J02AX04" 2826718 "Caspofungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "casp" "c(\"cancidas\", \"capsofungin\", \"caspofungin\")" 50 "mg" "58419-3"
"CAC" "J01DB10" 91562 "Cefacetrile" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefacetril\", \"cefacetrile\", \"cefacetrilo\", \"cefacetrilum\", \"celospor\", \"celtol\", \"cephacetrile\", \"cristacef\", \"vetrimast\")" "character(0)"
"CEC" "J01DC04" 51039 "Cefaclor" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"ccl\", \"cec\", \"cf\", \"cfac\", \"cfc\", \"cfcl\", \"cfr\", \"fac\")" "c(\"alenfral\", \"alfacet\", \"ceclor\", \"ceclor cd\", \"cefaclor\", \"cefaclor anhydrous\", \"cefaclor monohydrate\", \"cefacloro\", \"cefaclorum\", \"cefeaclor\", \"cephaclor\", \"dystaclor mr\", \"keflor\", \"kefral\", \"raniclor\")" 1 "g" "c(\"16564-7\", \"21149-0\")"
"CFR" "J01DB05" 47965 "Cefadroxil" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfdx\", \"cfr\", \"fad\")" "c(\"cefadrops\", \"cefadroxil\", \"cefadroxil anhydrous\", \"cefadroxilo\", \"cefadroxilum\", \"cefradroxil\", \"cephadroxil\", \"duricef\", \"sumacef\", \"ultracef\")" 2 "g" "16565-4"
"RID" "J01DB02" 5773 "Cefaloridine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "cefa" "c(\"aliporina\", \"ampligram\", \"cefaloridin\", \"cefaloridina\", \"cefaloridine\", \"cefaloridinum\", \"cefalorizin\", \"ceflorin\", \"cepaloridin\", \"cepalorin\", \"cephalomycine\", \"cephaloridin\", \"cephaloridine\", \"cephaloridinum\", \"ceporan\", \"ceporin\", \"ceporine\", \"cilifor\", \"deflorin\", \"faredina\", \"floridin\", \"glaxoridin\", \"intrasporin\", \"keflodin\", \"keflordin\", \"kefloridin\", \"kefspor\", \"lloncefal\", \"loridine\", \"sasperin\", \"sefacin\", \"verolgin\", \"vioviantine\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"MAN" "J01DC03" 456255 "Cefamandole" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfam\", \"cfmn\")" "c(\"cefadole\", \"cefamandol\", \"cefamandole\", \"cefamandolum\", \"cephadole\", \"cephamandole\", \"kefamandol\", \"kefdole\", \"mancef\")" 6 "g" "3441-3"
"CTZ" "J01DB07" 6410758 "Cefatrizine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"bricef\", \"cefatrix\", \"cefatrizine\", \"cefatrizino\", \"cefatrizinum\", \"cepticol\", \"cetrazil\", \"latocef\", \"orosporina\", \"trizina\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CZD" "J01DB06" 71736 "Cefazedone" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefazedon\", \"cefazedona\", \"cefazedone\", \"cefazedone acid\", \"cefazedonum\", \"refosporen\", \"refosporene\", \"refosporin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"CZO" "J01DB04" 33255 "Cefazolin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfz\", \"cfzl\", \"cz\", \"czol\", \"faz\", \"kz\")" "c(\"atirin\", \"cefamezin\", \"cefamezine\", \"cefazina\", \"cefazolin\", \"cefazolin acid\", \"cefazolina\", \"cefazoline\", \"cefazolinum\", \"cephamezine\", \"cephazolidin\", \"cephazolin\", \"cephazoline\", \"elzogram\", \"firmacef\", \"kefzol\", \"liviclina\", \"totacef\")" 3 "g" "c(\"16566-2\", \"25235-3\", \"3442-1\", \"3443-9\", \"80962-4\")"
"CFB" 127527 "Cefbuperazone" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cefbuperazona\", \"cefbuperazone\", \"cefbuperazonum\", \"cefbuperzaone\", \"cerbuperazone\", \"tomiporan\")" "character(0)"
"CCP" 6436055 "Cefcapene" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefcamate\", \"cefcapene\")" "character(0)"
"CCX" 5282438 "Cefcapene pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefcamate pivoxil\", \"cefcapene piroxil\")" "character(0)"
"CDR" "J01DD15" 6915944 "Cefdinir" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cd\", \"cdn\", \"cdr\", \"cfd\", \"din\")" "c(\"cefdinir\", \"cefdinirum\", \"cefdinyl\", \"cefdirnir\", \"ceftinex\", \"cefzon\", \"omnicef\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"DIT" "J01DD16" 9870843 "Cefditoren" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "cdn" "cefditoren" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"DIX" 6437877 "Cefditoren pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefditoren\", \"cefditoren pi voxil\", \"cefditoren pivoxil\", \"cefditorin\", \"cefditorin pivoxil\", \"meiact\", \"spectracef\")" "character(0)"
"FEP" "J01DE01" 5479537 "Cefepime" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Fourth-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfep\", \"cfpi\", \"cpe\", \"cpm\", \"fep\", \"pm\", \"xpm\")" "c(\"axepim\", \"cefepima\", \"cefepime\", \"cefepimum\", \"cepimax\", \"cepimex\", \"maxcef\", \"maxipime\")" 4 "g" "38363-8"
"CPC" 9567559 "Cefepime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "c(\"cicl\", \"xpml\")" "" ""
"FPT" 9567558 "Cefepime/tazobactam" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "" ""
"FPZ" "Cefepime/zidebactam" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"CAT" "J01DD10" 5487888 "Cefetamet" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefetamet\", \"cefetametum\", \"cepime o\", \"deacetoxycefotaxime\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CPI" 5486182 "Cefetamet pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefetamet pivoxyl\", \"globocef\")" "character(0)"
"CCL" 71719688 "Cefetecol (Cefcatacol)" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CZL" 193956 "Cefetrizole" "Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.)" "" "c(\"cefetrizole\", \"cefetrizolum\")" "character(0)"
"FDC" 77843966 "Cefiderocol" "Other antibacterials" "" "cefiderocol" "character(0)"
"CFM" "J01DD08" 5362065 "Cefixime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfe\", \"cfix\", \"cfxm\", \"dcfm\", \"fix\", \"ix\")" "c(\"cefixim\", \"cefixima\", \"cefixime\", \"cefixime anhydrous\", \"cefiximum\", \"cefixoral\", \"cefspan\", \"cephoral\", \"denvar\", \"necopen\", \"suprax\", \"tricef\", \"unixime\")" 0.4 "g" "c(\"16567-0\", \"25236-1\")"
"CMX" "J01DD05" 9570757 "Cefmenoxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"bestron\", \"cefmax\", \"cefmenoxima\", \"cefmenoxime\", \"cefmenoximum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CMZ" "J01DC09" 42008 "Cefmetazole" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefmetazole\", \"cefmetazolo\", \"cefmetazolum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CNX" 71141 "Cefminox" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cefminox\", \"cefminoxum\")" "character(0)"
"DIZ" "J01DD09" 5361871 "Cefodizime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefodizima\", \"cefodizime\", \"cefodizime acid\", \"cefodizimum\", \"cefodizme\", \"diezime\", \"modivid\", \"neucef\", \"timecef\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CID" "J01DC06" 43594 "Cefonicid" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefonicid\", \"cefonicido\", \"cefonicidum\", \"monocef\")" 1 "g" "c(\"25237-9\", \"3444-7\")"
"CFP" "J01DD12" 44187 "Cefoperazone" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfp\", \"cfpz\", \"cp\", \"cpz\", \"fop\", \"per\")" "c(\"bioperazone\", \"cefobid\", \"cefoperazine\", \"cefoperazon\", \"cefoperazone\", \"cefoperazone acid\", \"cefoperazono\", \"cefoperazonum\", \"cefozon\", \"medocef\", \"myticef\", \"pathozone\", \"peracef\")" 4 "g" "3445-4"
"CSL" "J01DD62" "Cefoperazone/sulbactam" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "" 4 "g" ""
"CND" "J01DC11" 43507 "Ceforanide" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"ceforanide\", \"ceforanido\", \"ceforanidum\", \"precef\", \"radacef\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CSE" 9830519 "Cefoselis" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "c(\"cefoselis\", \"cefoselis sulfate\", \"winsef\")" "character(0)"
"CTX" "J01DD01" 5742673 "Cefotaxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfot\", \"cft\", \"cftx\", \"ct\", \"ctx\", \"fot\", \"tax\", \"xct\")" "c(\"cefotaxim\", \"cefotaxim hikma\", \"cefotaxima\", \"cefotaxime\", \"cefotaxime acid\", \"cefotaximum\", \"cephotaxime\", \"claforan\", \"omnatax\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25238-7\", \"3446-2\", \"80961-6\")"
"CTC" 9575353 "Cefotaxime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"cxcl\", \"xctl\")" "" ""
"CTS" 9574753 "Cefotaxime/sulbactam" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"CTT" "J01DC05" 53025 "Cefotetan" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cftt\", \"cn\", \"cte\", \"ctn\", \"ctt\", \"tans\")" "c(\"apacef\", \"cefotetan\", \"cefotetan free acid\", \"cefotetanum\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25239-5\", \"3447-0\")"
"CTF" "J01DC07" 43708 "Cefotiam" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefotiam\", \"cefotiam?\", \"cefotiamum\", \"ceradolan\", \"ceradon\", \"haloapor\")" 1.2 "g" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CHE" 125846 "Cefotiam hexetil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefotiam cilexetil\", \"pansporin t\")" "character(0)"
"FOV" 9578573 "Cefovecin" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"FOX" "J01DC01" 441199 "Cefoxitin" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfox\", \"cfx\", \"cfxt\", \"cx\", \"fox\", \"fx\")" "c(\"cefoxitin\", \"cefoxitina\", \"cefoxitine\", \"cefoxitinum\", \"cefoxotin\", \"cephoxitin\", \"mefoxin\", \"mefoxitin\", \"rephoxitin\")" 6 "g" "c(\"25240-3\", \"3448-8\")"
"FOX1" "Cefoxitin screening" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "cfsc" "" ""
"ZOP" 9571080 "Cefozopran" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "cefozopran" "character(0)"
"CFZ" 68597 "Cefpimizole" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefpimizol\", \"cefpimizole\", \"cefpimizole sodium\", \"cefpimizolum\")" "character(0)"
"CPM" "J01DD11" 636405 "Cefpiramide" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefpiramide\", \"cefpiramide acid\", \"cefpiramido\", \"cefpiramidum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CPO" "J01DE02" 5479539 "Cefpirome" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Fourth-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"cfpr\")" "c(\"broact\", \"cefpiroma\", \"cefpirome\", \"cefpiromum\", \"cefrom\", \"cerfpirome\", \"keiten\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CPD" "J01DD13" 6335986 "Cefpodoxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfpd\", \"cfpo\", \"cpd\", \"pod\", \"px\")" "c(\"cefpodoxim acid\", \"cefpodoxima\", \"cefpodoxime\", \"cefpodoxime acid\", \"cefpodoximum\", \"epoxim\")" 0.4 "g" "25241-1"
"CPX" 6526396 "Cefpodoxime proxetil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefodox\", \"cefoprox\", \"cefpodoxime proxetil\", \"cepodem\", \"orelox\", \"otreon\", \"podomexef\", \"simplicef\", \"vantin\")" "character(0)"
"CDC" "Cefpodoxime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cecl\")" "" ""
"CPR" "J01DC10" 5281006 "Cefprozil" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cpr\", \"cpz\", \"fp\")" "c(\"arzimol\", \"brisoral\", \"cefprozil\", \"cefprozil anhydrous\", \"cefprozil hydrate\", \"cefprozilo\", \"cefprozilum\", \"cefzil\", \"cronocef\", \"procef\", \"serozil\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CEQ" 5464355 "Cefquinome" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "c(\"cefquinoma\", \"cefquinome\", \"cefquinomum\", \"cobactan\")" "character(0)"
"CRD" "J01DB11" 5284529 "Cefroxadine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefroxadine\", \"cefroxadino\", \"cefroxadinum\")" 2.1 "character(0)"
"CFS" "J01DD03" 656575 "Cefsulodin" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfsl\", \"cfsu\")" "c(\"cefsulodin\", \"cefsulodine\", \"cefsulodino\", \"cefsulodinum\")" 4 "g" "c(\"131-3\", \"25242-9\")"
"CSU" 68718 "Cefsumide" "Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.)" "" "c(\"cefsumide\", \"cefsumido\", \"cefsumidum\")" "character(0)"
"CPT" "J01DI02" 56841980 "Ceftaroline" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cfro\")" "c(\"teflaro\", \"zinforo\")" 1.2 "character(0)"
"CPA" "Ceftaroline/avibactam" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CAZ" "J01DD02" 5481173 "Ceftazidime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"caz\", \"cefta\", \"cfta\", \"cftz\", \"taz\", \"tz\", \"xtz\")" "c(\"ceftazidim\", \"ceftazidima\", \"ceftazidime\", \"ceftazidimum\", \"ceptaz\", \"fortaz\", \"fortum\", \"pentacef\", \"tazicef\", \"tazidime\")" 4 "g" "c(\"21151-6\", \"3449-6\", \"80960-8\")"
"CZA" 90643431 "Ceftazidime/avibactam" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cfav\")" "c(\"avycaz\", \"zavicefta\")" ""
"CCV" "J01DD52" 9575352 "Ceftazidime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"czcl\", \"xtzl\")" "" 6 "g" ""
"CEM" 6537431 "Cefteram" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefteram\", \"cefterame\", \"cefteramum\", \"ceftetrame\")" "character(0)"
"CPL" 5362114 "Cefteram pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefteram pivoxil\", \"tomiron\")" "character(0)"
"CTL" "J01DB12" 65755 "Ceftezole" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"ceftezol\", \"ceftezole\", \"ceftezolo\", \"ceftezolum\", \"demethylcefazolin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"CTB" "J01DD14" 5282242 "Ceftibuten" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cb\", \"cfbu\", \"ctb\", \"tib\")" "c(\"ceftem\", \"ceftibuten\", \"ceftibuten hydrate\", \"ceftibutene\", \"ceftibuteno\", \"ceftibutenum\", \"cephem\", \"ceprifran\", \"isocef\", \"keimax\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"TIO" 6328657 "Ceftiofur" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"ceftiofur\", \"ceftiofurum\", \"excede\", \"excenel\", \"naxcel\")" "character(0)"
"CZX" "J01DD07" 6533629 "Ceftizoxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfzx\", \"ctz\", \"cz\", \"czx\", \"tiz\", \"zox\")" "c(\"cefizox\", \"ceftisomin\", \"ceftix\", \"ceftizoxima\", \"ceftizoxime\", \"ceftizoximum\", \"epocelin\", \"eposerin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25243-7\", \"3450-4\")"
"CZP" 9578661 "Ceftizoxime alapivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"BPR" 135413542 "Ceftobiprole" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "ceftobiprole" "character(0)"
"CFM1" "J01DI01" 135413544 "Ceftobiprole medocaril" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "" 1.5 "g" ""
"CEI" "J01DI54" "Ceftolozane/enzyme inhibitor" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "" 3 ""
"CZT" "Ceftolozane/tazobactam" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CRO" "J01DD04" 5479530 "Ceftriaxone" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"axo\", \"cax\", \"cftr\", \"cro\", \"ctr\", \"frx\", \"tx\")" "c(\"biotrakson\", \"cefatriaxone\", \"cefatriaxone hydrate\", \"ceftriaxon\", \"ceftriaxona\", \"ceftriaxone\", \"ceftriaxone sodium\", \"ceftriaxonum\", \"ceftriazone\", \"cephtriaxone\", \"longacef\", \"rocefin\", \"rocephalin\", \"rocephin\", \"rocephine\", \"rophex\")" 2 "g" "c(\"25244-5\", \"3451-2\", \"80957-4\")"
"CXM" "J01DC02" 5479529 "Cefuroxime" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfrx\", \"cfur\", \"cfx\", \"crm\", \"cxm\", \"fur\", \"rox\", \"xm\")" "c(\"biofuroksym\", \"cefuril\", \"cefuroxim\", \"cefuroxime\", \"cefuroximine\", \"cefuroximo\", \"cefuroximum\", \"cephuroxime\", \"kefurox\", \"sharox\", \"zinacef\", \"zinacef danmark\")" 0.5 "g" 3 "g" "c(\"25245-2\", \"3452-0\", \"80608-3\", \"80617-4\")"
"CXA" 6321416 "Cefuroxime axetil" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cfax\")" "c(\"altacef\", \"bioracef\", \"cefaks\", \"cefazine\", \"ceftin\", \"cefuroximaxetil\", \"cefuroxime axetil\", \"celocid\", \"cepazine\", \"cethixim\", \"cetoxil\", \"coliofossim\", \"elobact\", \"forcef\", \"furoxime\", \"kalcef\", \"maxitil\", \"medoxm\", \"nivador\", \"zinnat\")" "character(0)"
"CFM2" "J01RA03" "Cefuroxime/metronidazole" "Other antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "" "" ""
"ZON" 6336505 "Cefuzonam" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cefuzonam\", \"cefuzonam sodium\", \"cefuzoname\", \"cefuzonamum\")" "character(0)"
"LEX" "J01DB01" 27447 "Cephalexin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"cflx\")" "c(\"alcephin\", \"alexin\", \"alsporin\", \"anhydrous cefalexin\", \"anhydrous cephalexin\", \"biocef\", \"carnosporin\", \"cefablan\", \"cefadal\", \"cefadin\", \"cefadina\", \"cefaleksin\", \"cefalessina\", \"cefalexin\", \"cefalexin anhydrous\", \"cefalexina\", \"cefalexine\", \"cefalexinum\", \"cefalin\", \"cefaloto\", \"cefaseptin\", \"ceflax\", \"ceforal\", \"cefovit\", \"celexin\", \"cepastar\", \"cepexin\", \"cephacillin\", \"cephalexin\", \"cephalexin anhydrous\", \"cephalexine\", \"cephalexinum\", \"cephanasten\", \"cephaxin\", \"cephin\", \"ceporex\", \"ceporex forte\",
"BES" 10178705 "Besifloxacin" "Quinolones" "S01AE08" "" "besifloxacin" "character(0)"
"BIA" 71339 "Biapenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH05" "" "c(\"biapenem\", \"biapenern\", \"bipenem\", \"omegacin\")" "character(0)"
"BCZ" 65807 "Bicyclomycin (Bicozamycin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aizumycin\", \"bacfeed\", \"bacteron\", \"bicozamicina\", \"bicozamycin\", \"bicozamycine\", \"bicozamycinum\")" "character(0)"
"BDP" 68760 "Brodimoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EA02" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Trimethoprim and derivatives" "" "c(\"brodimoprim\", \"brodimoprima\", \"brodimoprime\", \"brodimoprimum\", \"bromdimoprim\", \"hyprim\", \"unitrim\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"BUT" 47472 "Butoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "G01AF15" "" "c(\"butaconazole\", \"butoconazol\", \"butoconazole\", \"butoconazolum\", \"compositenstarke\", \"dahlin\", \"femstat\", \"gynofort\", \"polyfructosanum\")" "character(0)"
"CDZ" 44242317 "Cadazolid" "Oxazolidinones" "" "cadazolid" "character(0)"
"CLA" "Calcium aminosalicylate" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AA03" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "" 15 ""
"CAP" 135565060 "Capreomycin" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AB30" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "c(\"\", \"capr\")" "" 1 "g" ""
"CRB" 20824 "Carbenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA03" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"bar\", \"carb\", \"cb\")" "c(\"anabactyl\", \"carbenicilina\", \"carbenicillin\", \"carbenicillina\", \"carbenicilline\", \"carbenicillinum\", \"geopen\", \"pyopen\")" 12 "g" "3434-8"
"CRN" 93184 "Carindacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA05" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"carindacilina\", \"carindacillin\", \"carindacilline\", \"carindacillinum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CAR" 6540466 "Carumonam" "Other antibacterials" "J01DF02" "" "c(\"carumonam\", \"carumonamum\")" "character(0)"
"CAS" 2826718 "Caspofungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AX04" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "casp" "c(\"cancidas\", \"capsofungin\", \"caspofungin\")" 50 "mg" "58419-3"
"CAC" 91562 "Cefacetrile" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB10" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefacetril\", \"cefacetrile\", \"cefacetrilo\", \"cefacetrilum\", \"celospor\", \"celtol\", \"cephacetrile\", \"cristacef\", \"vetrimast\")" "character(0)"
"CEC" 51039 "Cefaclor" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"ccl\", \"cec\", \"cf\", \"cfac\", \"cfc\", \"cfcl\", \"cfr\", \"fac\")" "c(\"alenfral\", \"alfacet\", \"ceclor\", \"ceclor cd\", \"cefaclor\", \"cefaclor anhydrous\", \"cefaclor monohydrate\", \"cefacloro\", \"cefaclorum\", \"cefeaclor\", \"cephaclor\", \"dystaclor mr\", \"keflor\", \"kefral\", \"raniclor\")" 1 "g" "c(\"16564-7\", \"21149-0\")"
"CFR" 47965 "Cefadroxil" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB05" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfdx\", \"cfr\", \"fad\")" "c(\"cefadrops\", \"cefadroxil\", \"cefadroxil anhydrous\", \"cefadroxilo\", \"cefadroxilum\", \"cefradroxil\", \"cephadroxil\", \"duricef\", \"sumacef\", \"ultracef\")" 2 "g" "16565-4"
"RID" 5773 "Cefaloridine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB02" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "cefa" "c(\"aliporina\", \"ampligram\", \"cefaloridin\", \"cefaloridina\", \"cefaloridine\", \"cefaloridinum\", \"cefalorizin\", \"ceflorin\", \"cepaloridin\", \"cepalorin\", \"cephalomycine\", \"cephaloridin\", \"cephaloridine\", \"cephaloridinum\", \"ceporan\", \"ceporin\", \"ceporine\", \"cilifor\", \"deflorin\", \"faredina\", \"floridin\", \"glaxoridin\", \"intrasporin\", \"keflodin\", \"keflordin\", \"kefloridin\", \"kefspor\", \"lloncefal\", \"loridine\", \"sasperin\", \"sefacin\", \"verolgin\", \"vioviantine\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"MAN" 456255 "Cefamandole" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC03" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfam\", \"cfmn\")" "c(\"cefadole\", \"cefamandol\", \"cefamandole\", \"cefamandolum\", \"cephadole\", \"cephamandole\", \"kefamandol\", \"kefdole\", \"mancef\")" 6 "g" "3441-3"
"CTZ" 6410758 "Cefatrizine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB07" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"bricef\", \"cefatrix\", \"cefatrizine\", \"cefatrizino\", \"cefatrizinum\", \"cepticol\", \"cetrazil\", \"latocef\", \"orosporina\", \"trizina\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CZD" 71736 "Cefazedone" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB06" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefazedon\", \"cefazedona\", \"cefazedone\", \"cefazedone acid\", \"cefazedonum\", \"refosporen\", \"refosporene\", \"refosporin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"CZO" 33255 "Cefazolin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfz\", \"cfzl\", \"cz\", \"czol\", \"faz\", \"kz\")" "c(\"atirin\", \"cefamezin\", \"cefamezine\", \"cefazina\", \"cefazolin\", \"cefazolin acid\", \"cefazolina\", \"cefazoline\", \"cefazolinum\", \"cephamezine\", \"cephazolidin\", \"cephazolin\", \"cephazoline\", \"elzogram\", \"firmacef\", \"kefzol\", \"liviclina\", \"totacef\")" 3 "g" "c(\"16566-2\", \"25235-3\", \"3442-1\", \"3443-9\", \"80962-4\")"
"CFB" 127527 "Cefbuperazone" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC13" "" "c(\"cefbuperazona\", \"cefbuperazone\", \"cefbuperazonum\", \"cefbuperzaone\", \"cerbuperazone\", \"tomiporan\")" "character(0)"
"CCP" 6436055 "Cefcapene" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD17" "" "c(\"cefcamate\", \"cefcapene\")" "character(0)"
"CCX" 5282438 "Cefcapene pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefcamate pivoxil\", \"cefcapene piroxil\")" "character(0)"
"CDR" 6915944 "Cefdinir" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD15" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cd\", \"cdn\", \"cdr\", \"cfd\", \"din\")" "c(\"cefdinir\", \"cefdinirum\", \"cefdinyl\", \"cefdirnir\", \"ceftinex\", \"cefzon\", \"omnicef\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"DIT" 9870843 "Cefditoren" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD16" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "cdn" "cefditoren" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"DIX" 6437877 "Cefditoren pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefditoren\", \"cefditoren pi voxil\", \"cefditoren pivoxil\", \"cefditorin\", \"cefditorin pivoxil\", \"meiact\", \"spectracef\")" "character(0)"
"FEP" 5479537 "Cefepime" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "J01DE01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Fourth-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfep\", \"cfpi\", \"cpe\", \"cpm\", \"fep\", \"pm\", \"xpm\")" "c(\"axepim\", \"cefepima\", \"cefepime\", \"cefepimum\", \"cepimax\", \"cepimex\", \"maxcef\", \"maxipime\")" 4 "g" "38363-8"
"CPC" 9567559 "Cefepime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "c(\"cicl\", \"xpml\")" "" ""
"FPT" 9567558 "Cefepime/tazobactam" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "" ""
"FPZ" "Cefepime/zidebactam" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"CAT" 5487888 "Cefetamet" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD10" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefetamet\", \"cefetametum\", \"cepime o\", \"deacetoxycefotaxime\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CPI" 5486182 "Cefetamet pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefetamet pivoxyl\", \"globocef\")" "character(0)"
"CCL" 71719688 "Cefetecol (Cefcatacol)" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CZL" 193956 "Cefetrizole" "Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.)" "" "c(\"cefetrizole\", \"cefetrizolum\")" "character(0)"
"FDC" 77843966 "Cefiderocol" "Other antibacterials" "J01DI04" "" "cefiderocol" "character(0)"
"CFM" 5362065 "Cefixime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD08" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfe\", \"cfix\", \"cfxm\", \"dcfm\", \"fix\", \"ix\")" "c(\"cefixim\", \"cefixima\", \"cefixime\", \"cefixime anhydrous\", \"cefiximum\", \"cefixoral\", \"cefspan\", \"cephoral\", \"denvar\", \"necopen\", \"suprax\", \"tricef\", \"unixime\")" 0.4 "g" "c(\"16567-0\", \"25236-1\")"
"CMX" 9570757 "Cefmenoxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD05" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"bestron\", \"cefmax\", \"cefmenoxima\", \"cefmenoxime\", \"cefmenoximum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CMZ" 42008 "Cefmetazole" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC09" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefmetazole\", \"cefmetazolo\", \"cefmetazolum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CNX" 71141 "Cefminox" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC12" "" "c(\"cefminox\", \"cefminoxum\")" "character(0)"
"DIZ" 5361871 "Cefodizime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD09" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefodizima\", \"cefodizime\", \"cefodizime acid\", \"cefodizimum\", \"cefodizme\", \"diezime\", \"modivid\", \"neucef\", \"timecef\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CID" 43594 "Cefonicid" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC06" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefonicid\", \"cefonicido\", \"cefonicidum\", \"monocef\")" 1 "g" "c(\"25237-9\", \"3444-7\")"
"CFP" 44187 "Cefoperazone" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD12" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfp\", \"cfpz\", \"cp\", \"cpz\", \"fop\", \"per\")" "c(\"bioperazone\", \"cefobid\", \"cefoperazine\", \"cefoperazon\", \"cefoperazone\", \"cefoperazone acid\", \"cefoperazono\", \"cefoperazonum\", \"cefozon\", \"medocef\", \"myticef\", \"pathozone\", \"peracef\")" 4 "g" "3445-4"
"CSL" "Cefoperazone/sulbactam" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD62" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "" 4 "g" ""
"CND" 43507 "Ceforanide" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC11" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"ceforanide\", \"ceforanido\", \"ceforanidum\", \"precef\", \"radacef\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CSE" 9830519 "Cefoselis" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "c(\"cefoselis\", \"cefoselis sulfate\", \"winsef\")" "character(0)"
"CTX" 5742673 "Cefotaxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfot\", \"cft\", \"cftx\", \"ct\", \"ctx\", \"fot\", \"tax\", \"xct\")" "c(\"cefotaxim\", \"cefotaxim hikma\", \"cefotaxima\", \"cefotaxime\", \"cefotaxime acid\", \"cefotaximum\", \"cephotaxime\", \"claforan\", \"omnatax\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25238-7\", \"3446-2\", \"80961-6\")"
"CTC" 9575353 "Cefotaxime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"cxcl\", \"xctl\")" "" ""
"CTS" 9574753 "Cefotaxime/sulbactam" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"CTT" 53025 "Cefotetan" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC05" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cftt\", \"cn\", \"cte\", \"ctn\", \"ctt\", \"tans\")" "c(\"apacef\", \"cefotetan\", \"cefotetan free acid\", \"cefotetanum\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25239-5\", \"3447-0\")"
"CTF" 43708 "Cefotiam" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC07" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefotiam\", \"cefotiam?\", \"cefotiamum\", \"ceradolan\", \"ceradon\", \"haloapor\")" 1.2 "g" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CHE" 125846 "Cefotiam hexetil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefotiam cilexetil\", \"pansporin t\")" "character(0)"
"FOV" 9578573 "Cefovecin" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"FOX" 441199 "Cefoxitin" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfox\", \"cfx\", \"cfxt\", \"cx\", \"fox\", \"fx\")" "c(\"cefoxitin\", \"cefoxitina\", \"cefoxitine\", \"cefoxitinum\", \"cefoxotin\", \"cephoxitin\", \"mefoxin\", \"mefoxitin\", \"rephoxitin\")" 6 "g" "c(\"25240-3\", \"3448-8\")"
"FOX1" "Cefoxitin screening" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "cfsc" "" ""
"ZOP" 9571080 "Cefozopran" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "J01DE03" "" "cefozopran" "character(0)"
"CFZ" 68597 "Cefpimizole" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefpimizol\", \"cefpimizole\", \"cefpimizole sodium\", \"cefpimizolum\")" "character(0)"
"CPM" 636405 "Cefpiramide" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD11" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefpiramide\", \"cefpiramide acid\", \"cefpiramido\", \"cefpiramidum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CPO" 5479539 "Cefpirome" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "J01DE02" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Fourth-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"cfpr\")" "c(\"broact\", \"cefpiroma\", \"cefpirome\", \"cefpiromum\", \"cefrom\", \"cerfpirome\", \"keiten\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"CPD" 6335986 "Cefpodoxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD13" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfpd\", \"cfpo\", \"cpd\", \"pod\", \"px\")" "c(\"cefpodoxim acid\", \"cefpodoxima\", \"cefpodoxime\", \"cefpodoxime acid\", \"cefpodoximum\", \"epoxim\")" 0.4 "g" "25241-1"
"CPX" 6526396 "Cefpodoxime proxetil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefodox\", \"cefoprox\", \"cefpodoxime proxetil\", \"cepodem\", \"orelox\", \"otreon\", \"podomexef\", \"simplicef\", \"vantin\")" "character(0)"
"CDC" "Cefpodoxime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cecl\")" "" ""
"CPR" 5281006 "Cefprozil" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC10" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cpr\", \"cpz\", \"fp\")" "c(\"arzimol\", \"brisoral\", \"cefprozil\", \"cefprozil anhydrous\", \"cefprozil hydrate\", \"cefprozilo\", \"cefprozilum\", \"cefzil\", \"cronocef\", \"procef\", \"serozil\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CEQ" 5464355 "Cefquinome" "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)" "" "c(\"cefquinoma\", \"cefquinome\", \"cefquinomum\", \"cobactan\")" "character(0)"
"CRD" 5284529 "Cefroxadine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB11" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"cefroxadine\", \"cefroxadino\", \"cefroxadinum\")" 2.1 "character(0)"
"CFS" 656575 "Cefsulodin" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD03" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfsl\", \"cfsu\")" "c(\"cefsulodin\", \"cefsulodine\", \"cefsulodino\", \"cefsulodinum\")" 4 "g" "c(\"131-3\", \"25242-9\")"
"CSU" 68718 "Cefsumide" "Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.)" "" "c(\"cefsumide\", \"cefsumido\", \"cefsumidum\")" "character(0)"
"CPT" 56841980 "Ceftaroline" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI02" "c(\"\", \"cfro\")" "c(\"teflaro\", \"zinforo\")" 1.2 "character(0)"
"CPA" "Ceftaroline/avibactam" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CAZ" 5481173 "Ceftazidime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD02" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"caz\", \"cefta\", \"cfta\", \"cftz\", \"taz\", \"tz\", \"xtz\")" "c(\"ceftazidim\", \"ceftazidima\", \"ceftazidime\", \"ceftazidimum\", \"ceptaz\", \"fortaz\", \"fortum\", \"pentacef\", \"tazicef\", \"tazidime\")" 4 "g" "c(\"21151-6\", \"3449-6\", \"80960-8\")"
"CZA" 90643431 "Ceftazidime/avibactam" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cfav\")" "c(\"avycaz\", \"zavicefta\")" ""
"CCV" 9575352 "Ceftazidime/clavulanic acid" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD52" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"czcl\", \"xtzl\")" "" 6 "g" ""
"CEM" 6537431 "Cefteram" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD18" "" "c(\"cefteram\", \"cefterame\", \"cefteramum\", \"ceftetrame\")" "character(0)"
"CPL" 5362114 "Cefteram pivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"cefteram pivoxil\", \"tomiron\")" "character(0)"
"CTL" 65755 "Ceftezole" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB12" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"ceftezol\", \"ceftezole\", \"ceftezolo\", \"ceftezolum\", \"demethylcefazolin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"CTB" 5282242 "Ceftibuten" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD14" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cb\", \"cfbu\", \"ctb\", \"tib\")" "c(\"ceftem\", \"ceftibuten\", \"ceftibuten hydrate\", \"ceftibutene\", \"ceftibuteno\", \"ceftibutenum\", \"cephem\", \"ceprifran\", \"isocef\", \"keimax\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"TIO" 6328657 "Ceftiofur" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "c(\"ceftiofur\", \"ceftiofurum\", \"excede\", \"excenel\", \"naxcel\")" "character(0)"
"CZX" 6533629 "Ceftizoxime" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD07" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfzx\", \"ctz\", \"cz\", \"czx\", \"tiz\", \"zox\")" "c(\"cefizox\", \"ceftisomin\", \"ceftix\", \"ceftizoxima\", \"ceftizoxime\", \"ceftizoximum\", \"epocelin\", \"eposerin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25243-7\", \"3450-4\")"
"CZP" 9578661 "Ceftizoxime alapivoxil" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "" "" ""
"BPR" 135413542 "Ceftobiprole" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "ceftobiprole" "character(0)"
"CFM1" 135413544 "Ceftobiprole medocaril" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "" 1.5 "g" ""
"CEI" "Ceftolozane/enzyme inhibitor" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "J01DI54" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "" 3 ""
"CZT" "Ceftolozane/tazobactam" "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)" "" "" ""
"CRO" 5479530 "Ceftriaxone" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"axo\", \"cax\", \"cftr\", \"cro\", \"ctr\", \"frx\", \"tx\")" "c(\"biotrakson\", \"cefatriaxone\", \"cefatriaxone hydrate\", \"ceftriaxon\", \"ceftriaxona\", \"ceftriaxone\", \"ceftriaxone sodium\", \"ceftriaxonum\", \"ceftriazone\", \"cephtriaxone\", \"longacef\", \"rocefin\", \"rocephalin\", \"rocephin\", \"rocephine\", \"rophex\")" 2 "g" "c(\"25244-5\", \"3451-2\", \"80957-4\")"
"CXM" 5479529 "Cefuroxime" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "c(\"J01DC02\", \"S01AA27\")" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfrx\", \"cfur\", \"cfx\", \"crm\", \"cxm\", \"fur\", \"rox\", \"xm\")" "c(\"biofuroksym\", \"cefuril\", \"cefuroxim\", \"cefuroxime\", \"cefuroximine\", \"cefuroximo\", \"cefuroximum\", \"cephuroxime\", \"kefurox\", \"sharox\", \"zinacef\", \"zinacef danmark\")" 0.5 "g" 3 "g" "c(\"25245-2\", \"3452-0\", \"80608-3\", \"80617-4\")"
"CXA" 6321416 "Cefuroxime axetil" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "c(\"\", \"cfax\")" "c(\"altacef\", \"bioracef\", \"cefaks\", \"cefazine\", \"ceftin\", \"cefuroximaxetil\", \"cefuroxime axetil\", \"celocid\", \"cepazine\", \"cethixim\", \"cetoxil\", \"coliofossim\", \"elobact\", \"forcef\", \"furoxime\", \"kalcef\", \"maxitil\", \"medoxm\", \"nivador\", \"zinnat\")" "character(0)"
"CFM2" "Cefuroxime/metronidazole" "Other antibacterials" "J01RA03" "Combinations of antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "" "" ""
"ZON" 6336505 "Cefuzonam" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cefuzonam\", \"cefuzonam sodium\", \"cefuzoname\", \"cefuzonamum\")" "character(0)"
"LEX" 27447 "Cephalexin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB01" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"cflx\")" "c(\"alcephin\", \"alexin\", \"alsporin\", \"anhydrous cefalexin\", \"anhydrous cephalexin\", \"biocef\", \"carnosporin\", \"cefablan\", \"cefadal\", \"cefadin\", \"cefadina\", \"cefaleksin\", \"cefalessina\", \"cefalexin\", \"cefalexin anhydrous\", \"cefalexina\", \"cefalexine\", \"cefalexinum\", \"cefalin\", \"cefaloto\", \"cefaseptin\", \"ceflax\", \"ceforal\", \"cefovit\", \"celexin\", \"cepastar\", \"cepexin\", \"cephacillin\", \"cephalexin\", \"cephalexin anhydrous\", \"cephalexine\", \"cephalexinum\", \"cephanasten\", \"cephaxin\", \"cephin\", \"ceporex\", \"ceporex forte\",
\"ceporexin\", \"ceporexine\", \"cerexin\", \"cerexins\", \"cophalexin\", \"durantel\", \"durantel ds\", \"erocetin\", \"factagard\", \"felexin\", \"ibilex\", \"ibrexin\", \"inphalex\", \"kefalospes\", \"keflet\", \"keflex\", \"kefolan\", \"keforal\", \"keftab\", \"kekrinal\", \"kidolex\", \"lafarine\", \"larixin\", \"lenocef\", \"lexibiotico\", \"lonflex\", \"lopilexin\", \"madlexin\", \"mamalexin\", \"mamlexin\", \"medoxine\", \"neokef\", \"neolexina\", \"novolexin\", \"optocef\", \"oracef\", \"oriphex\", \"oroxin\", \"ortisporina\", \"ospexin\", \"palitrex\", \"panixine disperdose\",
\"pectril\", \"pyassan\", \"roceph\", \"roceph distab\", \"sanaxin\", \"sartosona\", \"sencephalin\", \"sepexin\", \"servispor\", \"sialexin\", \"sinthecillin\", \"sporicef\", \"sporidex\", \"syncle\", \"synecl\", \"tepaxin\", \"tokiolexin\", \"uphalexin\", \"voxxim\", \"winlex\", \"zozarine\")" 2 "g" "c(\"21175-5\", \"3453-8\")"
"CEP" "J01DB03" 6024 "Cephalothin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfal\", \"cflt\")" "c(\"cefalothin\", \"cefalotin\", \"cefalotina\", \"cefalotina fabra\", \"cefalotine\", \"cefalotinum\", \"cemastin\", \"cephalothinum\", \"cephalotin\", \"coaxin\", \"keflin\", \"seffin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25246-0\", \"3454-6\")"
"HAP" "J01DB08" 30699 "Cephapirin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"ambrocef\", \"cefadyl\", \"cefapilin\", \"cefapirin\", \"cefapirina\", \"cefapirine\", \"cefapirinum\", \"cefaprin\", \"cefaprin sodium\", \"cefatrex\", \"cefatrexyl\", \"cephapirine\", \"metricure\")" 4 "g" "10980-1"
"CED" "J01DB09" 38103 "Cephradine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfra\", \"cfrd\")" "c(\"anspor\", \"cefradin\", \"cefradina\", \"cefradine\", \"cefradinum\", \"cekodin\", \"cephradin\", \"cephradine\", \"eskacef\", \"infexin\", \"megace f\", \"megacef\", \"sefril\", \"velocef\", \"velosef\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CTO" 71402 "Cetocycline" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"cetocycline\", \"cetocyline\", \"cetotetrine\")" "character(0)"
"CHL" "J01BA01" 5959 "Chloramphenicol" "Amphenicols" "Amphenicols" "Amphenicols" "c(\"c\", \"chl\", \"chlo\", \"cl\")" "c(\"alficetyn\", \"ambofen\", \"amphenicol\", \"amphicol\", \"amseclor\", \"anacetin\", \"aquamycetin\", \"austracil\", \"austracol\", \"biocetin\", \"biophenicol\", \"catilan\", \"ch loramex\", \"chemiceticol\", \"chemicetin\", \"chemicetina\", \"chlomin\", \"chlomycol\", \"chloramex\", \"chloramfenikol\", \"chloramficin\", \"chloramfilin\", \"chloramphenicol\", \"chloramphenicole\", \"chloramphenicolum\", \"chloramsaar\", \"chlorasol\", \"chlorbiotic\", \"chloricol\", \"chlormycetin r\", \"chlornitromycin\", \"chloroamphenicol\", \"chlorocaps\", \"chlorocid\",
"CEP" 6024 "Cephalothin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB03" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfal\", \"cflt\")" "c(\"cefalothin\", \"cefalotin\", \"cefalotina\", \"cefalotina fabra\", \"cefalotine\", \"cefalotinum\", \"cemastin\", \"cephalothinum\", \"cephalotin\", \"coaxin\", \"keflin\", \"seffin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"25246-0\", \"3454-6\")"
"HAP" 30699 "Cephapirin" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB08" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "" "c(\"ambrocef\", \"cefadyl\", \"cefapilin\", \"cefapirin\", \"cefapirina\", \"cefapirine\", \"cefapirinum\", \"cefaprin\", \"cefaprin sodium\", \"cefatrex\", \"cefatrexyl\", \"cephapirine\", \"metricure\")" 4 "g" "10980-1"
"CED" 38103 "Cephradine" "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)" "J01DB09" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "First-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"cfra\", \"cfrd\")" "c(\"anspor\", \"cefradin\", \"cefradina\", \"cefradine\", \"cefradinum\", \"cekodin\", \"cephradin\", \"cephradine\", \"eskacef\", \"infexin\", \"megace f\", \"megacef\", \"sefril\", \"velocef\", \"velosef\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"CTO" 71402 "Cetocycline" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"cetocycline\", \"cetocyline\", \"cetotetrine\")" "character(0)"
"CHL" 5959 "Chloramphenicol" "Amphenicols" "c(\"D06AX02\", \"D10AF03\", \"G01AA05\", \"J01BA01\", \"S01AA01\", \"S02AA01\", \"S03AA08\")" "Amphenicols" "Amphenicols" "c(\"c\", \"chl\", \"chlo\", \"cl\")" "c(\"alficetyn\", \"ambofen\", \"amphenicol\", \"amphicol\", \"amseclor\", \"anacetin\", \"aquamycetin\", \"austracil\", \"austracol\", \"biocetin\", \"biophenicol\", \"catilan\", \"ch loramex\", \"chemiceticol\", \"chemicetin\", \"chemicetina\", \"chlomin\", \"chlomycol\", \"chloramex\", \"chloramfenikol\", \"chloramficin\", \"chloramfilin\", \"chloramphenicol\", \"chloramphenicole\", \"chloramphenicolum\", \"chloramsaar\", \"chlorasol\", \"chlorbiotic\", \"chloricol\", \"chlormycetin r\", \"chlornitromycin\", \"chloroamphenicol\", \"chlorocaps\", \"chlorocid\",
\"chlorocid s\", \"chlorocide\", \"chlorocidin c\", \"chlorocidin c tetran\", \"chlorocin\", \"chlorocol\", \"chlorofair\", \"chloroject l\", \"chloromax\", \"chloromycetin\", \"chloromycetny\", \"chloromyxin\", \"chloronitrin\", \"chloroptic\", \"chloroptic s.o.p\", \"chloroptic s.o.p.\", \"chlorovules\", \"chlorsig\", \"cidocetine\", \"ciplamycetin\", \"cloramfen\", \"cloramfenicol\", \"cloramfenicolo\", \"cloramficin\", \"cloramical\", \"cloramicol\", \"cloramidina\", \"cloranfenicol\", \"cloroamfenicolo\", \"clorocyn\", \"cloromisan\", \"cloromissan\", \"clorosintex\",
\"comycetin\", \"cylphenicol\", \"desphen\", \"detreomycin\", \"detreomycine\", \"dextromycetin\", \"doctamicina\", \"duphenicol\", \"econochlor\", \"embacetin\", \"emetren\", \"enicol\", \"enteromycetin\", \"erbaplast\", \"ertilen\", \"f armicetina\", \"farmicetina\", \"fenicol\", \"globenicol\", \"glorous\", \"halomycetin\", \"hortfenicol\", \"interomycetine\", \"intramycetin\", \"intramyctin\", \"isicetin\", \"ismicetina\", \"isophenicol\", \"isopto fenicol\", \"juvamycetin\", \"kamaver\", \"kemicetina\", \"kemicetine\", \"kloramfenikol\", \"klorita\", \"klorocid s\",
\"laevomycetinum\", \"leukamycin\", \"leukomyan\", \"leukomycin\", \"levocin\", \"levomicetina\", \"levomitsetin\", \"levomycetin\", \"levoplast\", \"levosin\", \"levovetin\", \"loromicetina\", \"loromisan\", \"loromisin\", \"mastiphen\", \"mediamycetine\", \"medichol\", \"micloretin\", \"micochlorine\", \"micoclorina\", \"microcetina\", \"mychel\", \"mycinol\", \"myclocin\", \"mycochlorin\", \"myscel\", \"normimycin v\", \"novochlorocap\", \"novomycetin\", \"novophenicol\", \"ocuphenicol\", \"oftalent\", \"oleomycetin\", \"opclor\", \"opelor\", \"ophthochlor\", \"ophthocort\",
\"ophtochlor\", \"optomycin\", \"otachron\", \"otophen\", \"pantovernil\", \"paraxin\", \"pentamycetin\", \"quemicetina\", \"rivomycin\", \"romphenil\", \"ronfenil\", \"ronphenil\", \"septicol\", \"sificetina\", \"sintomicetina\", \"sintomicetine r\", \"sno phenicol\", \"soluthor\", \"stanomycetin\", \"synthomycetin\", \"synthomycetine\", \"synthomycine\", \"syntomycin\", \"tevcocin\", \"tevcosin\", \"tifomycin\", \"tifomycine\", \"tiromycetin\", \"treomicetina\", \"unimycetin\", \"veticol\", \"vice ton\", \"viceton\")" 3 "g" 3 "g" "c(\"15101-9\", \"16603-3\", \"16604-1\", \"25247-8\", \"29214-4\", \"29346-4\", \"29347-2\", \"3455-3\")"
"CTE" "J01AA03" 54675777 "Chlortetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"acronize\", \"aueromycin\", \"aureocina\", \"aureomycin\", \"aureomykoin\", \"biomitsin\", \"biomycin\", \"biomycin a\", \"chlormax\", \"chlorotetracycline\", \"chlortetracycline\", \"chlortetracyclinum\", \"chrysomykine\", \"clortetraciclina\", \"duomycin\", \"flamycin\", \"uromycin\")" 1 "g" "87600-3"
"CIC" 19003 "Ciclacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"bastcillin\", \"calthor\", \"ciclacilina\", \"ciclacillin\", \"ciclacilline\", \"ciclacillinum\", \"ciclacillum\", \"citosarin\", \"cyclacillin\", \"cyclapen\", \"noblicil\", \"orfilina\", \"peamezin\", \"syngacillin\", \"ultracillin\", \"vastcillin\", \"vipicil\", \"wyvital\")" "character(0)"
"CIX" "D01AE14" 47472 "Ciclopirox" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antifungals for topical use" "Other antifungals for topical use" "cipx" "c(\"butaconazole\", \"butoconazol\", \"butoconazole\", \"butoconazolum\", \"compositenstarke\", \"dahlin\", \"femstat\", \"gynofort\", \"polyfructosanum\")" "character(0)"
"CIN" "J01MB06" 2762 "Cinoxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "c(\"cino\", \"cnox\")" "c(\"azolinic acid\", \"cinobac\", \"cinobactin\", \"cinoxacin\", \"cinoxacine\", \"cinoxacino\", \"cinoxacinum\", \"clinoxacin\", \"noxigram\", \"uronorm\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CIP" "J01MA02" 2764 "Ciprofloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"ci\", \"cip\", \"cipr\", \"cp\")" "c(\"alcon cilox\", \"auripro\", \"bacquinor\", \"baflox\", \"baycip\", \"bernoflox\", \"cetraxal\", \"ciflox\", \"cifloxin\", \"ciloxan\", \"ciplus\", \"ciprecu\", \"ciprine\", \"ciprinol\", \"cipro i.v.\", \"cipro iv\", \"cipro xl\", \"cipro xr\", \"ciprobay\", \"ciprobay uro\", \"ciprocinol\", \"ciprodar\", \"ciproflox\", \"ciprofloxacin\", \"ciprofloxacina\", \"ciprofloxacine\", \"ciprofloxacino\", \"ciprofloxacinum\", \"ciprogis\", \"ciprolin\", \"ciprolon\", \"cipromycin\", \"ciproquinol\", \"ciprowin\", \"ciproxan\", \"ciproxin\", \"ciproxina\", \"ciproxine\", \"ciriax\",
"CTE" 54675777 "Chlortetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"A01AB21\", \"D06AA02\", \"J01AA03\", \"S01AA02\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"acronize\", \"aueromycin\", \"aureocina\", \"aureomycin\", \"aureomykoin\", \"biomitsin\", \"biomycin\", \"biomycin a\", \"chlormax\", \"chlorotetracycline\", \"chlortetracycline\", \"chlortetracyclinum\", \"chrysomykine\", \"clortetraciclina\", \"duomycin\", \"flamycin\", \"uromycin\")" 1 "g" "87600-3"
"CIC" 19003 "Ciclacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"bastcillin\", \"calthor\", \"ciclacilina\", \"ciclacillin\", \"ciclacilline\", \"ciclacillinum\", \"ciclacillum\", \"citosarin\", \"cyclacillin\", \"cyclapen\", \"noblicil\", \"orfilina\", \"peamezin\", \"syngacillin\", \"ultracillin\", \"vastcillin\", \"vipicil\", \"wyvital\")" "character(0)"
"CIX" 47472 "Ciclopirox" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AE14\", \"G01AX12\")" "Antifungals for topical use" "Other antifungals for topical use" "cipx" "c(\"butaconazole\", \"butoconazol\", \"butoconazole\", \"butoconazolum\", \"compositenstarke\", \"dahlin\", \"femstat\", \"gynofort\", \"polyfructosanum\")" "character(0)"
"CIN" 2762 "Cinoxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MB06" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "c(\"cino\", \"cnox\")" "c(\"azolinic acid\", \"cinobac\", \"cinobactin\", \"cinoxacin\", \"cinoxacine\", \"cinoxacino\", \"cinoxacinum\", \"clinoxacin\", \"noxigram\", \"uronorm\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CIP" 2764 "Ciprofloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA02\", \"S01AE03\", \"S02AA15\", \"S03AA07\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"ci\", \"cip\", \"cipr\", \"cp\")" "c(\"alcon cilox\", \"auripro\", \"bacquinor\", \"baflox\", \"baycip\", \"bernoflox\", \"cetraxal\", \"ciflox\", \"cifloxin\", \"ciloxan\", \"ciplus\", \"ciprecu\", \"ciprine\", \"ciprinol\", \"cipro i.v.\", \"cipro iv\", \"cipro xl\", \"cipro xr\", \"ciprobay\", \"ciprobay uro\", \"ciprocinol\", \"ciprodar\", \"ciproflox\", \"ciprofloxacin\", \"ciprofloxacina\", \"ciprofloxacine\", \"ciprofloxacino\", \"ciprofloxacinum\", \"ciprogis\", \"ciprolin\", \"ciprolon\", \"cipromycin\", \"ciproquinol\", \"ciprowin\", \"ciproxan\", \"ciproxin\", \"ciproxina\", \"ciproxine\", \"ciriax\",
\"citopcin\", \"corsacin\", \"cyprobay\", \"fimoflox\", \"flociprin\", \"ipiflox\", \"italnik\", \"linhaliq\", \"otiprio\", \"probiox\", \"proflaxin\", \"quinolid\", \"quintor\", \"rancif\", \"roxytal\", \"septicide\", \"sophixin ofteno\", \"spitacin\", \"superocin\", \"velmonit\", \"velomonit\", \"zumaflox\")" 1 "g" 0.8 "g" "c(\"14031-9\", \"14032-7\", \"14058-2\", \"14059-0\", \"25248-6\", \"34636-1\", \"3484-3\")"
"CLR" "J01FA09" 84029 "Clarithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"ch\", \"cla\", \"clar\", \"clm\", \"clr\")" "c(\"abbotic\", \"astromen\", \"biaxin\", \"biaxin filmtab\", \"biaxin hp\", \"biaxin xl\", \"biaxin xl filmtab\", \"bicrolid\", \"clacee\", \"clacid\", \"clacine\", \"clambiotic\", \"clarem\", \"claribid\", \"claricide\", \"claridar\", \"claripen\", \"clarith\", \"clarithromycin\", \"clarithromycine\", \"clarithromycinum\", \"claritromicina\", \"clathromycin\", \"crixan\", \"cyllid\", \"cyllind\", \"fromilid\", \"heliclar\", \"klabax\", \"klacid\", \"klaciped\", \"klaricid\", \"klaricid h.p\", \"klaricid h.p.\", \"klaricid pediatric\", \"klaricid xl\", \"klarid\", \"klarin\",
"CLR" 84029 "Clarithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA09" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"ch\", \"cla\", \"clar\", \"clm\", \"clr\")" "c(\"abbotic\", \"astromen\", \"biaxin\", \"biaxin filmtab\", \"biaxin hp\", \"biaxin xl\", \"biaxin xl filmtab\", \"bicrolid\", \"clacee\", \"clacid\", \"clacine\", \"clambiotic\", \"clarem\", \"claribid\", \"claricide\", \"claridar\", \"claripen\", \"clarith\", \"clarithromycin\", \"clarithromycine\", \"clarithromycinum\", \"claritromicina\", \"clathromycin\", \"crixan\", \"cyllid\", \"cyllind\", \"fromilid\", \"heliclar\", \"klabax\", \"klacid\", \"klaciped\", \"klaricid\", \"klaricid h.p\", \"klaricid h.p.\", \"klaricid pediatric\", \"klaricid xl\", \"klarid\", \"klarin\",
\"kofron\", \"mabicrol\", \"macladin\", \"maclar\", \"veclam\", \"vikrol\", \"zeclar\")" 0.5 "g" 1 "g" "c(\"16619-9\", \"25253-6\", \"34638-7\", \"80559-8\")"
"CLA1" 5280980 "Clavulanic acid" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"acide clavulanique\", \"acido clavulanico\", \"acidum clavulanicum\", \"clavulanate\", \"clavulanate acid\", \"clavulanate lithium\", \"clavulanic acid\", \"clavulansaeure\", \"clavulansaure\", \"clavulinic acid\", \"clavulox\", \"sodium clavulanate\")" "character(0)"
"CLX" 60063 "Clinafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "clinafloxacin" "character(0)"
"CLI" "J01FF01" 446598 "Clindamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Lincosamides" "c(\"cc\", \"cd\", \"cli\", \"clin\", \"cm\", \"da\")" "c(\"antirobe\", \"chlolincocin\", \"clindaderm\", \"clindamicina\", \"clindamycin\", \"clindamycine\", \"clindamycinum\", \"clinimycin\", \"dalacin c\", \"dalacine\", \"klimicin\", \"sobelin\")" 1.2 "g" 1.8 "g" "c(\"16621-5\", \"16622-3\", \"25249-4\", \"3486-8\")"
"CLF" "J04BA01" 2794 "Clofazimine" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "clof" "c(\"chlofazimine\", \"clofazimin\", \"clofazimina\", \"clofazimine\", \"clofaziminum\", \"lampren\", \"lamprene\", \"riminophenazine\")" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"CLF1" "J01XX03" 2799 "Clofoctol" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"clofoctol\", \"clofoctolo\", \"clofoctolum\", \"gramplus\", \"octofene\")" "character(0)"
"CLM" "J01CE07" 71807 "Clometocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"chlomethocillin\", \"clometacillin\", \"clometocilina\", \"clometocillin\", \"clometocilline\", \"clometocillinum\", \"rixapen\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CLM1" "J01AA11" 54680675 "Clomocycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"chlormethylencycline\", \"clomociclina\", \"clomocyclin\", \"clomocycline\", \"clomocyclinum\", \"megaclor\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CTR" "G01AF02" 2812 "Clotrimazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "clot" "c(\"canesten\", \"canesten cream\", \"canesten solution\", \"canestene\", \"canestine\", \"canifug\", \"chlotrimazole\", \"cimitidine\", \"clomatin\", \"clotrimaderm\", \"clotrimaderm cream\", \"clotrimazol\", \"clotrimazole\", \"clotrimazolum\", \"cutistad\", \"desamix f\", \"diphenylmethane\", \"empecid\", \"esparol\", \"fem care\", \"femcare\", \"gyne lotrimin\", \"jidesheng\", \"kanesten\", \"klotrimazole\", \"lotrimax\", \"lotrimin\", \"lotrimin af\", \"lotrimin af cream\", \"lotrimin af lotion\", \"lotrimin af solution\", \"lotrimin cream\", \"lotrimin lotion\",
"CLA1" 5280980 "Clavulanic acid" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"acide clavulanique\", \"acido clavulanico\", \"acidum clavulanicum\", \"clavulanate\", \"clavulanate acid\", \"clavulanate lithium\", \"clavulanic acid\", \"clavulansaeure\", \"clavulansaure\", \"clavulinic acid\", \"clavulox\", \"sodium clavulanate\")" "character(0)"
"CLX" 60063 "Clinafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "clinafloxacin" "character(0)"
"CLI" 446598 "Clindamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "c(\"D10AF01\", \"G01AA10\", \"J01FF01\")" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Lincosamides" "c(\"cc\", \"cd\", \"cli\", \"clin\", \"cm\", \"da\")" "c(\"antirobe\", \"chlolincocin\", \"clindaderm\", \"clindamicina\", \"clindamycin\", \"clindamycine\", \"clindamycinum\", \"clinimycin\", \"dalacin c\", \"dalacine\", \"klimicin\", \"sobelin\")" 1.2 "g" 1.8 "g" "c(\"16621-5\", \"16622-3\", \"25249-4\", \"3486-8\")"
"CLF" 2794 "Clofazimine" "Antimycobacterials" "J04BA01" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "clof" "c(\"chlofazimine\", \"clofazimin\", \"clofazimina\", \"clofazimine\", \"clofaziminum\", \"lampren\", \"lamprene\", \"riminophenazine\")" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"CLF1" 2799 "Clofoctol" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX03" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"clofoctol\", \"clofoctolo\", \"clofoctolum\", \"gramplus\", \"octofene\")" "character(0)"
"CLM" 71807 "Clometocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE07" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"chlomethocillin\", \"clometacillin\", \"clometocilina\", \"clometocillin\", \"clometocilline\", \"clometocillinum\", \"rixapen\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CLM1" 54680675 "Clomocycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA11" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"chlormethylencycline\", \"clomociclina\", \"clomocyclin\", \"clomocycline\", \"clomocyclinum\", \"megaclor\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"CTR" 2812 "Clotrimazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB18\", \"D01AC01\", \"G01AF02\")" "clot" "c(\"canesten\", \"canesten cream\", \"canesten solution\", \"canestene\", \"canestine\", \"canifug\", \"chlotrimazole\", \"cimitidine\", \"clomatin\", \"clotrimaderm\", \"clotrimaderm cream\", \"clotrimazol\", \"clotrimazole\", \"clotrimazolum\", \"cutistad\", \"desamix f\", \"diphenylmethane\", \"empecid\", \"esparol\", \"fem care\", \"femcare\", \"gyne lotrimin\", \"jidesheng\", \"kanesten\", \"klotrimazole\", \"lotrimax\", \"lotrimin\", \"lotrimin af\", \"lotrimin af cream\", \"lotrimin af lotion\", \"lotrimin af solution\", \"lotrimin cream\", \"lotrimin lotion\",
\"lotrimin solution\", \"monobaycuten\", \"mycelax\", \"mycelex\", \"mycelex cream\", \"mycelex g\", \"mycelex otc\", \"mycelex solution\", \"mycelex troches\", \"mycelex twin pack\", \"myclo cream\", \"myclo solution\", \"myclo spray solution\", \"mycofug\", \"mycosporin\", \"mykosporin\", \"nalbix\", \"otomax\", \"pedisafe\", \"rimazole\", \"stiemazol\", \"tibatin\", \"trimysten\", \"veltrim\")" "character(0)"
"CLO" "J01CF02" 6098 "Cloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"\", \"clox\")" "c(\"chloroxacillin\", \"clossacillina\", \"cloxacilina\", \"cloxacillin\", \"cloxacillin sodium\", \"cloxacilline\", \"cloxacillinna\", \"cloxacillinum\", \"cloxapen\", \"methocillin s\", \"orbenin\", \"syntarpen\", \"tegopen\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"16628-0\", \"25250-2\")"
"COL" "J01XB01" 5311054 "Colistin" "Polymyxins" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"cl\", \"coli\", \"cs\", \"cst\", \"ct\")" "c(\"belcomycine\", \"colimycin\", \"colimycin sulphate\", \"colisticin\", \"colistimethate\", \"colistimethate sodium\", \"colistin sulfate\", \"colistin sulphate\", \"colomycin\", \"coly-mycin\", \"polymyxin e\", \"polymyxin e. sulfate\", \"promixin\", \"totazina\")" 9 "MU" "c(\"16645-4\", \"29493-4\")"
"COP" "Colistin/polysorbate" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"CYC" "J04AB01" 6234 "Cycloserine" "Oxazolidinones" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "cycl" "c(\"cicloserina\", \"closerin\", \"closina\", \"cyclorin\", \"cycloserin\", \"cycloserine\", \"cycloserinum\", \"farmiserina\", \"micoserina\", \"miroserina\", \"miroseryn\", \"novoserin\", \"oxamicina\", \"oxamycin\", \"seromycin\", \"tebemicina\", \"tisomycin\", \"wasserina\")" 0.75 "g" "c(\"16702-3\", \"25251-0\", \"3519-6\")"
"DAL" "J01XA04" 23724878 "Dalbavancin" "Glycopeptides" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "dalb" "c(\"dalbavancin\", \"dalvance\")" 1.5 "character(0)"
"DAN" 71335 "Danofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"advocin\", \"danofloxacin\", \"danofloxacine\", \"danofloxacino\", \"danofloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"DPS" "J04BA02" 2955 "Dapsone" "Other antibacterials" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "" "c(\"aczone\", \"araldite ht\", \"atrisone\", \"avlosulfon\", \"avlosulfone\", \"avlosulphone\", \"avsulfor\", \"bis sulfone\", \"bissulfone\", \"bissulphone\", \"croysulfone\", \"croysulphone\", \"dapson\", \"dapsona\", \"dapsone\", \"dapsonum\", \"di sulfone\", \"diaphenyl sulfone\", \"diaphenylsulfon\", \"diaphenylsulfone\", \"diaphenylsulphon\", \"diaphenylsulphone\", \"dimitone\", \"diphenasone\", \"diphone\", \"disulfone\", \"disulone\", \"disulphone\", \"dubronax\", \"dubronaz\", \"dumitone\", \"eporal\", \"metabolite c\", \"novophone\", \"protogen\", \"servidapson\",
"CLO" 6098 "Cloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"\", \"clox\")" "c(\"chloroxacillin\", \"clossacillina\", \"cloxacilina\", \"cloxacillin\", \"cloxacillin sodium\", \"cloxacilline\", \"cloxacillinna\", \"cloxacillinum\", \"cloxapen\", \"methocillin s\", \"orbenin\", \"syntarpen\", \"tegopen\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"16628-0\", \"25250-2\")"
"COL" 5311054 "Colistin" "Polymyxins" "c(\"A07AA10\", \"J01XB01\")" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"cl\", \"coli\", \"cs\", \"cst\", \"ct\")" "c(\"belcomycine\", \"colimycin\", \"colimycin sulphate\", \"colisticin\", \"colistimethate\", \"colistimethate sodium\", \"colistin sulfate\", \"colistin sulphate\", \"colomycin\", \"coly-mycin\", \"polymyxin e\", \"polymyxin e. sulfate\", \"promixin\", \"totazina\")" 9 "MU" "c(\"16645-4\", \"29493-4\")"
"COP" "Colistin/polysorbate" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"CYC" 6234 "Cycloserine" "Oxazolidinones" "J04AB01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "cycl" "c(\"cicloserina\", \"closerin\", \"closina\", \"cyclorin\", \"cycloserin\", \"cycloserine\", \"cycloserinum\", \"farmiserina\", \"micoserina\", \"miroserina\", \"miroseryn\", \"novoserin\", \"oxamicina\", \"oxamycin\", \"seromycin\", \"tebemicina\", \"tisomycin\", \"wasserina\")" 0.75 "g" "c(\"16702-3\", \"25251-0\", \"3519-6\")"
"DAL" 23724878 "Dalbavancin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA04" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "dalb" "c(\"dalbavancin\", \"dalvance\")" 1.5 "character(0)"
"DAN" 71335 "Danofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"advocin\", \"danofloxacin\", \"danofloxacine\", \"danofloxacino\", \"danofloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"DPS" 2955 "Dapsone" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"D10AX05\", \"J04BA02\")" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "Drugs for treatment of lepra" "" "c(\"aczone\", \"araldite ht\", \"atrisone\", \"avlosulfon\", \"avlosulfone\", \"avlosulphone\", \"avsulfor\", \"bis sulfone\", \"bissulfone\", \"bissulphone\", \"croysulfone\", \"croysulphone\", \"dapson\", \"dapsona\", \"dapsone\", \"dapsonum\", \"di sulfone\", \"diaphenyl sulfone\", \"diaphenylsulfon\", \"diaphenylsulfone\", \"diaphenylsulphon\", \"diaphenylsulphone\", \"dimitone\", \"diphenasone\", \"diphone\", \"disulfone\", \"disulone\", \"disulphone\", \"dubronax\", \"dubronaz\", \"dumitone\", \"eporal\", \"metabolite c\", \"novophone\", \"protogen\", \"servidapson\",
\"slphadione\", \"sulfadione\", \"sulfona\", \"sulfone ucb\", \"sulfonyldianiline\", \"sulphadione\", \"sulphonyldianiline\", \"sumicure s\", \"tarimyl\", \"udolac\", \"wln: zr dswr dz\")" 50 "mg" "9747-7"
"DAP" "J01XX09" 16134395 "Daptomycin" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"dap\", \"dapt\")" "c(\"cidecin\", \"cubicin\", \"dapcin\", \"daptomicina\", \"daptomycine\", \"daptomycinum\")" 0.28 "g" "character(0)"
"DFX" 487101 "Delafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"baxdela\", \"delafloxacin\", \"delafloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"DLM" "J04AK06" 6480466 "Delamanid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "dela" "c(\"delamanid\", \"deltyba\")" 0.2 "character(0)"
"DEM" "J01AA01" 54680690 "Demeclocycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bioterciclin\", \"clortetrin\", \"deganol\", \"demeclociclina\", \"demeclocycline\", \"demeclocyclinum\", \"demeclor\", \"demetraclin\", \"diuciclin\", \"elkamicina\", \"ledermycin\", \"mexocine\", \"novotriclina\", \"perciclina\", \"sumaclina\")" 0.6 "g" "c(\"10982-7\", \"29494-2\")"
"DKB" "J01GB09" 470999 "Dibekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"debecacin\", \"dibekacin\", \"dibekacin sulfate\", \"dibekacina\", \"dibekacine\", \"dibekacinum\", \"dideoxykanamycin b\", \"kappati\", \"orbicin\", \"panamicin\")" 0.14 "g" "character(0)"
"DIC" "J01CF01" 18381 "Dicloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"\", \"dicl\")" "c(\"dichloroxacillin\", \"diclossacillina\", \"dicloxaciclin\", \"dicloxacilin\", \"dicloxacilina\", \"dicloxacillin\", \"dicloxacillin sodium\", \"dicloxacillina\", \"dicloxacilline\", \"dicloxacillinum\", \"dicloxacycline\", \"dycill\", \"dynapen\", \"maclicine\", \"nm|| dicloxacillin\", \"pathocil\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"10984-3\", \"16769-2\", \"25252-8\")"
"DIF" 56206 "Difloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "difloxacin" "character(0)"
"DIR" "J01FA13" 6473883 "Dirithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"dirithromycin\", \"dirithromycine\", \"dirithromycinum\", \"diritromicina\", \"divitross\", \"dynabac\", \"noriclan\", \"valodin\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"DOR" "J01DH04" 73303 "Doripenem" "Carbapenems" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "dori" "c(\"doribax\", \"doripenem\", \"doripenem hydrate\", \"finibax\")" 1.5 "character(0)"
"DOX" "J01AA02" 54671203 "Doxycycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"dox\", \"doxy\")" "c(\"atridox\", \"azudoxat\", \"deoxymykoin\", \"dossiciclina\", \"doxcycline anhydrous\", \"doxiciclina\", \"doxitard\", \"doxivetin\", \"doxycen\", \"doxychel\", \"doxycin\", \"doxycyclin\", \"doxycycline\", \"doxycycline calcium\", \"doxycycline hyclate\", \"doxycyclinum\", \"doxylin\", \"doxysol\", \"doxytec\", \"doxytetracycline\", \"hydramycin\", \"investin\", \"jenacyclin\", \"liviatin\", \"monodox\", \"oracea\", \"periostat\", \"ronaxan\", \"spanor\", \"supracyclin\", \"vibramycin\", \"vibramycin novum\", \"vibramycine\", \"vibravenos\", \"zenavod\")" 0.1 "g" 0.1 "g" "c(\"10986-8\", \"21250-6\", \"26902-7\")"
"ECO" "D01AC03" 3198 "Econazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antifungals for topical use" "Imidazole and triazole derivatives" "econ" "c(\"econazol\", \"econazole\", \"econazolum\", \"ecostatin\", \"ecostatin cream\", \"palavale\", \"pevaryl\", \"spectazole\", \"spectazole cream\")" "character(0)"
"ENX" "J01MA04" 3229 "Enoxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"enox\")" "c(\"almitil\", \"bactidan\", \"bactidron\", \"comprecin\", \"enofloxacine\", \"enoksetin\", \"enoram\", \"enoxacin\", \"enoxacina\", \"enoxacine\", \"enoxacino\", \"enoxacinum\", \"enoxen\", \"enoxin\", \"enoxor\", \"flumark\", \"penetrex\")" 0.8 "g" "c(\"16816-1\", \"3590-7\")"
"ENR" 71188 "Enrofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"baytril\", \"enrofloxacin\", \"enrofloxacine\", \"enrofloxacino\", \"enrofloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"ENV" 135565326 "Enviomycin (Tuberactinomycin)" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"enviomicina\", \"enviomycin\", \"enviomycina\", \"enviomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"EPE" "Eperozolid" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"EPC" "J01CA07" 71392 "Epicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"dexacillin\", \"dihydroampicillin\", \"epicilina\", \"epicillin\", \"epicilline\", \"epicillinum\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"EPP" 68916 "Epiroprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"epiroprim\", \"epiroprima\", \"epiroprime\", \"epiroprimum\")" "character(0)"
"ERV" "J01AA13" 54726192 "Eravacycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "erav" "eravacycline" "character(0)"
"ETP" "J01DH03" 150610 "Ertapenem" "Carbapenems" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"erta\", \"etp\")" "c(\"ertapenem\", \"invanz\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"ERY" "J01FA01" 12560 "Erythromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"e\", \"em\", \"ery\", \"eryt\")" "c(\"abboticin\", \"abomacetin\", \"acneryne\", \"acnesol\", \"akne cordes losung\", \"aknederm ery gel\", \"aknemycin\", \"austrias\", \"benzamycin\", \"derimer\", \"deripil\", \"dotycin\", \"dumotrycin\", \"emuvin\", \"emycin\", \"endoeritrin\", \"erecin\", \"erisone\", \"eritomicina\", \"eritrocina\", \"eritromicina\", \"ermycin\", \"eryacne\", \"eryacnen\", \"eryc sprinkles\", \"erycen\", \"erycette\", \"erycin\", \"erycinum\", \"eryderm\", \"erydermer\", \"erygel\", \"eryhexal\", \"erymax\", \"erymed\", \"erysafe\", \"erytab\", \"erythrocin\", \"erythrocin stearate\",
"DAP" 16134395 "Daptomycin" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX09" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"dap\", \"dapt\")" "c(\"cidecin\", \"cubicin\", \"dapcin\", \"daptomicina\", \"daptomycine\", \"daptomycinum\")" 0.28 "g" "character(0)"
"DFX" 487101 "Delafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA23" "" "c(\"baxdela\", \"delafloxacin\", \"delafloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"DLM" 6480466 "Delamanid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK06" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "dela" "c(\"delamanid\", \"deltyba\")" 0.2 "character(0)"
"DEM" 54680690 "Demeclocycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"D06AA01\", \"J01AA01\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bioterciclin\", \"clortetrin\", \"deganol\", \"demeclociclina\", \"demeclocycline\", \"demeclocyclinum\", \"demeclor\", \"demetraclin\", \"diuciclin\", \"elkamicina\", \"ledermycin\", \"mexocine\", \"novotriclina\", \"perciclina\", \"sumaclina\")" 0.6 "g" "c(\"10982-7\", \"29494-2\")"
"DKB" 470999 "Dibekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB09" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"debecacin\", \"dibekacin\", \"dibekacin sulfate\", \"dibekacina\", \"dibekacine\", \"dibekacinum\", \"dideoxykanamycin b\", \"kappati\", \"orbicin\", \"panamicin\")" 0.14 "g" "character(0)"
"DIC" 18381 "Dicloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF01" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"\", \"dicl\")" "c(\"dichloroxacillin\", \"diclossacillina\", \"dicloxaciclin\", \"dicloxacilin\", \"dicloxacilina\", \"dicloxacillin\", \"dicloxacillin sodium\", \"dicloxacillina\", \"dicloxacilline\", \"dicloxacillinum\", \"dicloxacycline\", \"dycill\", \"dynapen\", \"maclicine\", \"nm|| dicloxacillin\", \"pathocil\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"10984-3\", \"16769-2\", \"25252-8\")"
"DIF" 56206 "Difloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "difloxacin" "character(0)"
"DIR" 6473883 "Dirithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA13" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"dirithromycin\", \"dirithromycine\", \"dirithromycinum\", \"diritromicina\", \"divitross\", \"dynabac\", \"noriclan\", \"valodin\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"DOR" 73303 "Doripenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH04" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "dori" "c(\"doribax\", \"doripenem\", \"doripenem hydrate\", \"finibax\")" 1.5 "character(0)"
"DOX" 54671203 "Doxycycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"A01AB22\", \"J01AA02\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"dox\", \"doxy\")" "c(\"atridox\", \"azudoxat\", \"deoxymykoin\", \"dossiciclina\", \"doxcycline anhydrous\", \"doxiciclina\", \"doxitard\", \"doxivetin\", \"doxycen\", \"doxychel\", \"doxycin\", \"doxycyclin\", \"doxycycline\", \"doxycycline calcium\", \"doxycycline hyclate\", \"doxycyclinum\", \"doxylin\", \"doxysol\", \"doxytec\", \"doxytetracycline\", \"hydramycin\", \"investin\", \"jenacyclin\", \"liviatin\", \"monodox\", \"oracea\", \"periostat\", \"ronaxan\", \"spanor\", \"supracyclin\", \"vibramycin\", \"vibramycin novum\", \"vibramycine\", \"vibravenos\", \"zenavod\")" 0.1 "g" 0.1 "g" "c(\"10986-8\", \"21250-6\", \"26902-7\")"
"ECO" 3198 "Econazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC03\", \"G01AF05\")" "Antifungals for topical use" "Imidazole and triazole derivatives" "econ" "c(\"econazol\", \"econazole\", \"econazolum\", \"ecostatin\", \"ecostatin cream\", \"palavale\", \"pevaryl\", \"spectazole\", \"spectazole cream\")" "character(0)"
"ENX" 3229 "Enoxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA04" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"enox\")" "c(\"almitil\", \"bactidan\", \"bactidron\", \"comprecin\", \"enofloxacine\", \"enoksetin\", \"enoram\", \"enoxacin\", \"enoxacina\", \"enoxacine\", \"enoxacino\", \"enoxacinum\", \"enoxen\", \"enoxin\", \"enoxor\", \"flumark\", \"penetrex\")" 0.8 "g" "c(\"16816-1\", \"3590-7\")"
"ENR" 71188 "Enrofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"baytril\", \"enrofloxacin\", \"enrofloxacine\", \"enrofloxacino\", \"enrofloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"ENV" 135565326 "Enviomycin (Tuberactinomycin)" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"enviomicina\", \"enviomycin\", \"enviomycina\", \"enviomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"EPE" "Eperozolid" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"EPC" 71392 "Epicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA07" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"dexacillin\", \"dihydroampicillin\", \"epicilina\", \"epicillin\", \"epicilline\", \"epicillinum\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"EPP" 68916 "Epiroprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"epiroprim\", \"epiroprima\", \"epiroprime\", \"epiroprimum\")" "character(0)"
"ERV" 54726192 "Eravacycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA13" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "erav" "eravacycline" "character(0)"
"ETP" 150610 "Ertapenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH03" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"erta\", \"etp\")" "c(\"ertapenem\", \"invanz\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"ERY" 12560 "Erythromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "c(\"D10AF02\", \"J01FA01\", \"S01AA17\")" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"e\", \"em\", \"ery\", \"eryt\")" "c(\"abboticin\", \"abomacetin\", \"acneryne\", \"acnesol\", \"akne cordes losung\", \"aknederm ery gel\", \"aknemycin\", \"austrias\", \"benzamycin\", \"derimer\", \"deripil\", \"dotycin\", \"dumotrycin\", \"emuvin\", \"emycin\", \"endoeritrin\", \"erecin\", \"erisone\", \"eritomicina\", \"eritrocina\", \"eritromicina\", \"ermycin\", \"eryacne\", \"eryacnen\", \"eryc sprinkles\", \"erycen\", \"erycette\", \"erycin\", \"erycinum\", \"eryderm\", \"erydermer\", \"erygel\", \"eryhexal\", \"erymax\", \"erymed\", \"erysafe\", \"erytab\", \"erythrocin\", \"erythrocin stearate\",
\"erythroderm\", \"erythrogran\", \"erythroguent\", \"erythromid\", \"erythromycin\", \"erythromycin a\", \"erythromycin base\", \"erythromycin lactate\", \"erythromycine\", \"erythromycines\", \"erythromycinum\", \"erytop\", \"erytrociclin\", \"ilocaps\", \"ilosone\", \"iloticina\", \"ilotycin\", \"ilotycin gluceptate\", \"ilotycin t.s.\", \"inderm\", \"inderm gel\", \"indermretcin\", \"latotryd\", \"lederpax\", \"mephamycin\", \"mercina\", \"oftamolets\", \"paediathrocin\", \"pantoderm\", \"pantodrin\", \"pantomicina\", \"pce dispertab\", \"pharyngocin\", \"primacine\",
\"propiocine\", \"proterytrin\", \"retcin\", \"robimycin\", \"romycin\", \"sansac\", \"skid gel e\", \"staticin\", \"stiemicyn\", \"stiemycin\", \"theramycin z\", \"tiloryth\", \"tiprocin\", \"torlamicina\", \"udima ery gel\", \"wyamycin s\")" 2 "g" 1 "g" "c(\"12298-6\", \"16829-4\", \"25275-9\", \"3597-2\")"
"ETH" "J04AK02" 14052 "Ethambutol" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "etha" "c(\"aethambutolum\", \"ebutol\", \"etambutol\", \"etambutolo\", \"etapiam\", \"ethambutol\", \"ethambutolum\", \"myambutol\", \"mycobutol\", \"purderal\", \"servambutol\")" 1.2 "g" 1.2 "g" "c(\"25404-5\", \"3607-9\")"
"ETI" "J04AM03" 456476 "Ethambutol/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"ETI1" "J04AD03" 2761171 "Ethionamide" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Thiocarbamide derivatives" "ethi" "c(\"aethionamidum\", \"aetina\", \"aetiva\", \"amidazin\", \"amidazine\", \"ethatyl\", \"ethimide\", \"ethina\", \"ethinamide\", \"ethionamide\", \"ethionamidum\", \"ethioniamide\", \"ethylisothiamide\", \"ethyonomide\", \"etimid\", \"etiocidan\", \"etionamid\", \"etionamida\", \"etionamide\", \"etioniamid\", \"etionid\", \"etionizin\", \"etionizina\", \"etionizine\", \"fatoliamid\", \"iridocin\", \"iridocin bayer\", \"iridozin\", \"isothin\", \"isotiamida\", \"itiocide\", \"nicotion\", \"nisotin\", \"nizotin\", \"rigenicid\", \"sertinon\", \"teberus\", \"thianid\", \"thianide\",
"ETH" 14052 "Ethambutol" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK02" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "etha" "c(\"aethambutolum\", \"ebutol\", \"etambutol\", \"etambutolo\", \"etapiam\", \"ethambutol\", \"ethambutolum\", \"myambutol\", \"mycobutol\", \"purderal\", \"servambutol\")" 1.2 "g" 1.2 "g" "c(\"25404-5\", \"3607-9\")"
"ETI" 456476 "Ethambutol/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AM03" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"ETI1" 2761171 "Ethionamide" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AD03" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Thiocarbamide derivatives" "ethi" "c(\"aethionamidum\", \"aetina\", \"aetiva\", \"amidazin\", \"amidazine\", \"ethatyl\", \"ethimide\", \"ethina\", \"ethinamide\", \"ethionamide\", \"ethionamidum\", \"ethioniamide\", \"ethylisothiamide\", \"ethyonomide\", \"etimid\", \"etiocidan\", \"etionamid\", \"etionamida\", \"etionamide\", \"etioniamid\", \"etionid\", \"etionizin\", \"etionizina\", \"etionizine\", \"fatoliamid\", \"iridocin\", \"iridocin bayer\", \"iridozin\", \"isothin\", \"isotiamida\", \"itiocide\", \"nicotion\", \"nisotin\", \"nizotin\", \"rigenicid\", \"sertinon\", \"teberus\", \"thianid\", \"thianide\",
\"thioamide\", \"thiodine\", \"thiomid\", \"thioniden\", \"tianid\", \"tiomid\", \"trecator\", \"trecator sc\", \"trekator\", \"trescatyl\", \"trescazide\", \"tubenamide\", \"tubermin\", \"tuberoid\", \"tuberoson\")" 0.75 "g" "16845-0"
"ETO" 6034 "Ethopabate" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"amprol plus\", \"ethopabat\", \"ethopabate\", \"ethyl pabate\")" "character(0)"
"FAR" "J01DI03" 65894 "Faropenem" "Other antibacterials" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "c(\"faropenem\", \"faropenem sodium\", \"fropenem\", \"fropenum sodium\")" 0.75 "g" "character(0)"
"FDX" 10034073 "Fidaxomicin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"dificid\", \"dificlir\", \"difimicin\", \"fidaxomicin\", \"lipiarmycin\", \"tiacumicin b\")" "character(0)"
"FIN" 11567473 "Finafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "finafloxacin" "character(0)"
"FLA" 46783781 "Flavomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "moenomycin complex" "character(0)"
"FLE" "J01MA08" 3357 "Fleroxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"fler\")" "c(\"fleroxacin\", \"fleroxacine\", \"fleroxacino\", \"fleroxacinum\", \"fleroxicin\", \"megalocin\", \"megalone\", \"megalosin\", \"quinodis\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"FLO" 65864 "Flomoxef" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"flomoxef\", \"flomoxefo\", \"flomoxefum\")" "character(0)"
"FLR" 114811 "Florfenicol" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aquafen\", \"florfenicol\", \"nuflor\", \"nuflor gold\")" "87599-7"
"FLC" "J01CF05" 21319 "Flucloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"clox\", \"flux\")" "c(\"floxacillin\", \"floxapen\", \"floxapen sodium salt\", \"fluclox\", \"flucloxacilina\", \"flucloxacillin\", \"flucloxacilline\", \"flucloxacillinum\", \"fluorochloroxacillin\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"FLU" "J02AC01" 3365 "Fluconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "c(\"fluc\", \"fluz\", \"flz\")" "c(\"alflucoz\", \"alfumet\", \"biocanol\", \"biozole\", \"biozolene\", \"canzol\", \"cryptal\", \"diflazon\", \"diflucan\", \"dimycon\", \"elazor\", \"flucazol\", \"fluconazol\", \"fluconazole\", \"fluconazole capsules\", \"fluconazolum\", \"flucostat\", \"flukezol\", \"flunazol\", \"flunizol\", \"flusol\", \"fluzon\", \"fluzone\", \"forcan\", \"fuconal\", \"fungata\", \"loitin\", \"oxifugol\", \"pritenzol\", \"syscan\", \"trican\", \"triconal\", \"triflucan\", \"zoltec\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10987-6\", \"16870-8\", \"25255-1\", \"80530-9\")"
"FLM" "J01MB07" 3374 "Flumequine" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"apurone\", \"fantacin\", \"flumequine\", \"flumequino\", \"flumequinum\", \"flumigal\", \"flumiquil\", \"flumisol\", \"flumix\", \"imequyl\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"FLR1" "J01FA14" 71260 "Flurithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"flurithromicina\", \"flurithromycime\", \"flurithromycin\", \"flurithromycine\", \"flurithromycinum\", \"fluritromicina\", \"fluritromycinum\", \"flurizic\")" 0.75 "g" "character(0)"
"FFL" 214356 "Fosfluconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"fosfluconazole\", \"phosfluconazole\", \"procif\", \"prodif\")" "character(0)"
"FOS" "J01XX01" 446987 "Fosfomycin" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"ff\", \"fm\", \"fo\", \"fof\", \"fos\", \"fosf\")" "c(\"fosfocina\", \"fosfomicina\", \"fosfomycin\", \"fosfomycin sodium\", \"fosfomycine\", \"fosfomycinum\", \"fosfonomycin\", \"monuril\", \"monurol\", \"phosphonemycin\", \"phosphonomycin\", \"veramina\")" 3 "g" 8 "g" "character(0)"
"FMD" 572 "Fosmidomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"fosmidomycin\", \"fosmidomycina\", \"fosmidomycine\", \"fosmidomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"FRM" 8378 "Framycetin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"\", \"fram\")" "c(\"actilin\", \"actiline\", \"antibiotique\", \"bycomycin\", \"endomixin\", \"enterfram\", \"fradiomycin\", \"fradiomycin b\", \"fradiomycinum\", \"framicetina\", \"framycetin\", \"framycetin sulfate\", \"framycetine\", \"framycetinum\", \"framygen\", \"fraquinol\", \"jernadex\", \"myacine\", \"myacyne\", \"mycerin\", \"mycifradin\", \"neobrettin\", \"neolate\", \"neomas\", \"neomcin\", \"neomicina\", \"neomin\", \"neomycin\", \"neomycin b\", \"neomycin b sulfate\", \"neomycin solution\", \"neomycin sulfate\", \"neomycin sulphate\", \"neomycinb\", \"neomycine\", \"neomycinum\",
"ETO" 6034 "Ethopabate" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"amprol plus\", \"ethopabat\", \"ethopabate\", \"ethyl pabate\")" "character(0)"
"FAR" 65894 "Faropenem" "Other antibacterials" "J01DI03" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Other cephalosporins and penems" "" "c(\"faropenem\", \"faropenem sodium\", \"fropenem\", \"fropenum sodium\")" 0.75 "g" "character(0)"
"FDX" 10034073 "Fidaxomicin" "Other antibacterials" "A07AA12" "" "c(\"dificid\", \"dificlir\", \"difimicin\", \"fidaxomicin\", \"lipiarmycin\", \"tiacumicin b\")" "character(0)"
"FIN" 11567473 "Finafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "finafloxacin" "character(0)"
"FLA" 46783781 "Flavomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "moenomycin complex" "character(0)"
"FLE" 3357 "Fleroxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA08" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"fler\")" "c(\"fleroxacin\", \"fleroxacine\", \"fleroxacino\", \"fleroxacinum\", \"fleroxicin\", \"megalocin\", \"megalone\", \"megalosin\", \"quinodis\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"FLO" 65864 "Flomoxef" "Other antibacterials" "J01DC14" "" "c(\"flomoxef\", \"flomoxefo\", \"flomoxefum\")" "character(0)"
"FLR" 114811 "Florfenicol" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aquafen\", \"florfenicol\", \"nuflor\", \"nuflor gold\")" "87599-7"
"FLC" 21319 "Flucloxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF05" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"clox\", \"flux\")" "c(\"floxacillin\", \"floxapen\", \"floxapen sodium salt\", \"fluclox\", \"flucloxacilina\", \"flucloxacillin\", \"flucloxacilline\", \"flucloxacillinum\", \"fluorochloroxacillin\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"FLU" 3365 "Fluconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC15\", \"J02AC01\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "c(\"fluc\", \"fluz\", \"flz\")" "c(\"alflucoz\", \"alfumet\", \"biocanol\", \"biozole\", \"biozolene\", \"canzol\", \"cryptal\", \"diflazon\", \"diflucan\", \"dimycon\", \"elazor\", \"flucazol\", \"fluconazol\", \"fluconazole\", \"fluconazole capsules\", \"fluconazolum\", \"flucostat\", \"flukezol\", \"flunazol\", \"flunizol\", \"flusol\", \"fluzon\", \"fluzone\", \"forcan\", \"fuconal\", \"fungata\", \"loitin\", \"oxifugol\", \"pritenzol\", \"syscan\", \"trican\", \"triconal\", \"triflucan\", \"zoltec\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10987-6\", \"16870-8\", \"25255-1\", \"80530-9\")"
"FLM" 3374 "Flumequine" "Quinolones" "J01MB07" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"apurone\", \"fantacin\", \"flumequine\", \"flumequino\", \"flumequinum\", \"flumigal\", \"flumiquil\", \"flumisol\", \"flumix\", \"imequyl\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"FLR1" 71260 "Flurithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA14" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"flurithromicina\", \"flurithromycime\", \"flurithromycin\", \"flurithromycine\", \"flurithromycinum\", \"fluritromicina\", \"fluritromycinum\", \"flurizic\")" 0.75 "g" "character(0)"
"FFL" 214356 "Fosfluconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"fosfluconazole\", \"phosfluconazole\", \"procif\", \"prodif\")" "character(0)"
"FOS" 446987 "Fosfomycin" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX01" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"ff\", \"fm\", \"fo\", \"fof\", \"fos\", \"fosf\")" "c(\"fosfocina\", \"fosfomicina\", \"fosfomycin\", \"fosfomycin sodium\", \"fosfomycine\", \"fosfomycinum\", \"fosfonomycin\", \"monuril\", \"monurol\", \"phosphonemycin\", \"phosphonomycin\", \"veramina\")" 3 "g" 8 "g" "character(0)"
"FMD" 572 "Fosmidomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"fosmidomycin\", \"fosmidomycina\", \"fosmidomycine\", \"fosmidomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"FRM" 8378 "Framycetin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"D09AA01\", \"R01AX08\", \"S01AA07\")" "c(\"\", \"fram\")" "c(\"actilin\", \"actiline\", \"antibiotique\", \"bycomycin\", \"endomixin\", \"enterfram\", \"fradiomycin\", \"fradiomycin b\", \"fradiomycinum\", \"framicetina\", \"framycetin\", \"framycetin sulfate\", \"framycetine\", \"framycetinum\", \"framygen\", \"fraquinol\", \"jernadex\", \"myacine\", \"myacyne\", \"mycerin\", \"mycifradin\", \"neobrettin\", \"neolate\", \"neomas\", \"neomcin\", \"neomicina\", \"neomin\", \"neomycin\", \"neomycin b\", \"neomycin b sulfate\", \"neomycin solution\", \"neomycin sulfate\", \"neomycin sulphate\", \"neomycinb\", \"neomycine\", \"neomycinum\",
\"nivemycin\", \"pimavecort\", \"soframycin\", \"soframycine\", \"tuttomycin\", \"vonamycin\", \"vonamycin powder v\")" "character(0)"
"FRZ" 5323714 "Furazolidone" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"bifuron\", \"corizium\", \"coryzium\", \"diafuron\", \"enterotoxon\", \"furall\", \"furaxon\", \"furaxone\", \"furazol\", \"furazolidine\", \"furazolidon\", \"furazolidona\", \"furazolidone\", \"furazolidonum\", \"furazolum\", \"furazon\", \"furidon\", \"furovag\", \"furox aerosol powder\", \"furoxal\", \"furoxane\", \"furoxon\", \"furoxone\", \"furoxone liquid\", \"furoxone swine mix\", \"furozolidine\", \"giardil\", \"giarlam\", \"medaron\", \"neftin\", \"nicolen\", \"nifulidone\", \"nifuran\", \"nifurazolidone\", \"nifurazolidonum\", \"nitrofurazolidone\", \"nitrofurazolidonum\",
"FRZ" 5323714 "Furazolidone" "Other antibacterials" "G01AX06" "" "c(\"bifuron\", \"corizium\", \"coryzium\", \"diafuron\", \"enterotoxon\", \"furall\", \"furaxon\", \"furaxone\", \"furazol\", \"furazolidine\", \"furazolidon\", \"furazolidona\", \"furazolidone\", \"furazolidonum\", \"furazolum\", \"furazon\", \"furidon\", \"furovag\", \"furox aerosol powder\", \"furoxal\", \"furoxane\", \"furoxon\", \"furoxone\", \"furoxone liquid\", \"furoxone swine mix\", \"furozolidine\", \"giardil\", \"giarlam\", \"medaron\", \"neftin\", \"nicolen\", \"nifulidone\", \"nifuran\", \"nifurazolidone\", \"nifurazolidonum\", \"nitrofurazolidone\", \"nitrofurazolidonum\",
\"nitrofuroxon\", \"optazol\", \"ortazol\", \"puradin\", \"roptazol\", \"sclaventerol\", \"tikofuran\", \"topazone\", \"trichofuron\", \"tricofuron\", \"tricoron\", \"trifurox\", \"viofuragyn\")" "character(0)"
"FUS" "J01XC01" 3000226 "Fusidic acid" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Steroid antibacterials" "c(\"fa\", \"fusi\")" "c(\"acide fusidique\", \"acido fusidico\", \"acidum fusidicum\", \"flucidin\", \"fucidate\", \"fucidate sodium\", \"fucidic acid\", \"fucidin\", \"fucidin acid\", \"fucithalmic\", \"fusidate\", \"fusidate acid\", \"fusidic acid\", \"fusidine\", \"fusidinic acid\", \"ramycin\")" 1.5 "g" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"GAM" 59364992 "Gamithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "gamithromycin" "character(0)"
"GRN" 124093 "Garenoxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"ganefloxacin\", \"garenfloxacin\", \"garenoxacin\")" "character(0)"
"GAT" "J01MA16" 5379 "Gatifloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"gati\")" "c(\"gatiflo\", \"gatifloxacin\", \"gatifloxacine\", \"gatifloxcin\", \"gatilox\", \"gatiquin\", \"gatispan\", \"tequin\", \"tequin and zymar\", \"zymaxid\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"GEM" "J01MA15" 9571107 "Gemifloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"factiv\", \"factive\", \"gemifioxacin\", \"gemifloxacin\", \"gemifloxacine\", \"gemifloxacino\", \"gemifloxacinum\")" 0.32 "character(0)"
"GEN" "J01GB03" 3467 "Gentamicin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"cn\", \"gen\", \"gent\", \"gm\")" "c(\"apogen\", \"centicin\", \"cidomycin\", \"garasol\", \"genoptic liquifilm\", \"genoptic s.o.p.\", \"gentacycol\", \"gentafair\", \"gentak\", \"gentamar\", \"gentamcin sulfate\", \"gentamicin\", \"gentamicina\", \"gentamicine\", \"gentamicins\", \"gentamicinum\", \"gentamycin\", \"gentamycins\", \"gentamycinum\", \"gentavet\", \"gentocin\", \"jenamicin\", \"lyramycin\", \"oksitselanim\", \"refobacin\", \"refobacin tm\", \"septigen\", \"uromycine\")" 0.24 "g" "c(\"13561-6\", \"13562-4\", \"15106-8\", \"22746-2\", \"22747-0\", \"31091-2\", \"31092-0\", \"31093-8\", \"35668-3\", \"3663-2\", \"3664-0\", \"3665-7\", \"39082-3\", \"47109-4\", \"59379-8\", \"80971-5\", \"88111-0\")"
"GEH" "Gentamicin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"g_h\", \"gehl\", \"genta high\", \"gentamicin high\")" "" ""
"GEP" 25101874 "Gepotidacin" "Other antibacterials" "" "gepotidacin" "character(0)"
"GRX" "J01MA11" 72474 "Grepafloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"grep\")" "grepafloxacin" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"GRI" 441140 "Griseofulvin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"amudane\", \"curling factor\", \"delmofulvina\", \"fulcin\", \"fulcine\", \"fulvican grisactin\", \"fulvicin\", \"fulvicin bolus\", \"fulvidex\", \"fulvina\", \"fulvinil\", \"fulvistatin\", \"fungivin\", \"greosin\", \"gresfeed\", \"gricin\", \"grifulin\", \"grifulvin\", \"grifulvin v\", \"grisactin\", \"grisactin ultra\", \"grisactin v\", \"griscofulvin\", \"grise ostatin\", \"grisefuline\", \"griseo\", \"griseofulvin\", \"griseofulvin forte\", \"griseofulvina\", \"griseofulvine\", \"griseofulvinum\", \"griseomix\", \"griseostatin\", \"grisetin\", \"grisofulvin\",
"FUS" 3000226 "Fusidic acid" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"D06AX01\", \"D09AA02\", \"J01XC01\", \"S01AA13\")" "Other antibacterials" "Steroid antibacterials" "c(\"fa\", \"fusi\")" "c(\"acide fusidique\", \"acido fusidico\", \"acidum fusidicum\", \"flucidin\", \"fucidate\", \"fucidate sodium\", \"fucidic acid\", \"fucidin\", \"fucidin acid\", \"fucithalmic\", \"fusidate\", \"fusidate acid\", \"fusidic acid\", \"fusidine\", \"fusidinic acid\", \"ramycin\")" 1.5 "g" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"GAM" 59364992 "Gamithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "gamithromycin" "character(0)"
"GRN" 124093 "Garenoxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA19" "" "c(\"ganefloxacin\", \"garenfloxacin\", \"garenoxacin\")" "character(0)"
"GAT" 5379 "Gatifloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA16\", \"S01AE06\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"gati\")" "c(\"gatiflo\", \"gatifloxacin\", \"gatifloxacine\", \"gatifloxcin\", \"gatilox\", \"gatiquin\", \"gatispan\", \"tequin\", \"tequin and zymar\", \"zymaxid\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"GEM" 9571107 "Gemifloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA15" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"factiv\", \"factive\", \"gemifioxacin\", \"gemifloxacin\", \"gemifloxacine\", \"gemifloxacino\", \"gemifloxacinum\")" 0.32 "character(0)"
"GEN" 3467 "Gentamicin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"D06AX07\", \"J01GB03\", \"S01AA11\", \"S02AA14\", \"S03AA06\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"cn\", \"gen\", \"gent\", \"gm\")" "c(\"apogen\", \"centicin\", \"cidomycin\", \"garasol\", \"genoptic liquifilm\", \"genoptic s.o.p.\", \"gentacycol\", \"gentafair\", \"gentak\", \"gentamar\", \"gentamcin sulfate\", \"gentamicin\", \"gentamicina\", \"gentamicine\", \"gentamicins\", \"gentamicinum\", \"gentamycin\", \"gentamycins\", \"gentamycinum\", \"gentavet\", \"gentocin\", \"jenamicin\", \"lyramycin\", \"oksitselanim\", \"refobacin\", \"refobacin tm\", \"septigen\", \"uromycine\")" 0.24 "g" "c(\"13561-6\", \"13562-4\", \"15106-8\", \"22746-2\", \"22747-0\", \"31091-2\", \"31092-0\", \"31093-8\", \"35668-3\", \"3663-2\", \"3664-0\", \"3665-7\", \"39082-3\", \"47109-4\", \"59379-8\", \"80971-5\", \"88111-0\")"
"GEH" "Gentamicin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"g_h\", \"gehl\", \"genta high\", \"gentamicin high\")" "" ""
"GEP" 25101874 "Gepotidacin" "Other antibacterials" "" "gepotidacin" "character(0)"
"GRX" 72474 "Grepafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA11" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"grep\")" "grepafloxacin" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"GRI" 441140 "Griseofulvin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AA08\", \"D01BA01\")" "" "c(\"amudane\", \"curling factor\", \"delmofulvina\", \"fulcin\", \"fulcine\", \"fulvican grisactin\", \"fulvicin\", \"fulvicin bolus\", \"fulvidex\", \"fulvina\", \"fulvinil\", \"fulvistatin\", \"fungivin\", \"greosin\", \"gresfeed\", \"gricin\", \"grifulin\", \"grifulvin\", \"grifulvin v\", \"grisactin\", \"grisactin ultra\", \"grisactin v\", \"griscofulvin\", \"grise ostatin\", \"grisefuline\", \"griseo\", \"griseofulvin\", \"griseofulvin forte\", \"griseofulvina\", \"griseofulvine\", \"griseofulvinum\", \"griseomix\", \"griseostatin\", \"grisetin\", \"grisofulvin\",
\"grisovin\", \"grisovin fp\", \"grizeofulvin\", \"grysio\", \"guservin\", \"lamoryl\", \"likuden\", \"likunden\", \"murfulvin\", \"poncyl\", \"spirofulvin\", \"sporostatin xan\", \"xuanjing\")" "12402-4"
"HAB" 175989 "Habekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"arbekacin sulfate\", \"habekacin\", \"habekacin sulfate\", \"habekacin xsulfate\")" "character(0)"
"HCH" "J02AA02" 11979956 "Hachimycin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Antibiotics" "" "c(\"cabimicina\", \"hachimicina\", \"hachimycin\", \"hachimycine\", \"hachimycinum\", \"trichomycinum\", \"trichonat\")" "character(0)"
"HET" "J01CA18" 443387 "Hetacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"etacillina\", \"hetacilina\", \"hetacillin\", \"hetacilline\", \"hetacillinum\", \"phenazacillin\", \"versapen\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"HYG" 56928061 "Hygromycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"antihelmycin\", \"hydromycin b\", \"hygrovetine\")" "character(0)"
"ICL" 213043 "Iclaprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"iclaprim\", \"mersarex\")" "character(0)"
"IPM" "J01DH51" 104838 "Imipenem" "Carbapenems" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"imci\", \"imi\", \"imip\", \"imp\")" "c(\"imipemide\", \"imipenem\", \"imipenem anhydrous\", \"imipenem/cilastatin\", \"imipenemum\", \"imipenen\", \"primaxin\", \"tienamycin\")" 2 "g" "c(\"17010-0\", \"25257-7\", \"27331-8\", \"3688-9\")"
"IPE" "Imipenem/EDTA" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"IMR" "Imipenem/relebactam" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"ISV" 6918485 "Isavuconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"\", \"isav\")" "isavuconazole" "character(0)"
"ISE" "J01GB11" 3037209 "Isepamicin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"isepacin\", \"isepalline\", \"isepamicin\", \"isepamicina\", \"isepamicine\", \"isepamicinum\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"ISO" "D01AC05" 3760 "Isoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for topic use" "Triazole derivatives" "" "c(\"isoconazol\", \"isoconazole\", \"isoconazolum\", \"travogen\")" "character(0)"
"INH" "J04AC01" 3767 "Isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Hydrazides" "inh" "c(\"abdizide\", \"andrazide\", \"anidrasona\", \"antimicina\", \"antituberkulosum\", \"armacide\", \"armazid\", \"armazide\", \"atcotibine\", \"azt + isoniazid\", \"azuren\", \"bacillin\", \"cemidon\", \"chemiazid\", \"chemidon\", \"continazine\", \"cortinazine\", \"cotinazin\", \"cotinizin\", \"defonin\", \"dibutin\", \"diforin\", \"dinacrin\", \"ditubin\", \"ebidene\", \"eralon\", \"ertuban\", \"eutizon\", \"evalon\", \"fetefu\", \"fimalene\", \"hid rasonil\", \"hidranizil\", \"hidrasonil\", \"hidrulta\", \"hidrun\", \"hycozid\", \"hydrazid\", \"hydrazide\", \"hyozid\", \"i.a.i.\",
"HAB" 175989 "Habekacin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"arbekacin sulfate\", \"habekacin\", \"habekacin sulfate\", \"habekacin xsulfate\")" "character(0)"
"HCH" 11979956 "Hachimycin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AA03\", \"G01AA06\", \"J02AA02\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Antibiotics" "" "c(\"cabimicina\", \"hachimicina\", \"hachimycin\", \"hachimycine\", \"hachimycinum\", \"trichomycinum\", \"trichonat\")" "character(0)"
"HET" 443387 "Hetacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA18" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"etacillina\", \"hetacilina\", \"hetacillin\", \"hetacilline\", \"hetacillinum\", \"phenazacillin\", \"versapen\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"HYG" 56928061 "Hygromycin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"antihelmycin\", \"hydromycin b\", \"hygrovetine\")" "character(0)"
"ICL" 213043 "Iclaprim" "Other antibacterials" "J01EA03" "" "c(\"iclaprim\", \"mersarex\")" "character(0)"
"IPM" 104838 "Imipenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH51" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"imci\", \"imi\", \"imip\", \"imp\")" "c(\"imipemide\", \"imipenem\", \"imipenem anhydrous\", \"imipenem/cilastatin\", \"imipenemum\", \"imipenen\", \"primaxin\", \"tienamycin\")" 2 "g" "c(\"17010-0\", \"25257-7\", \"27331-8\", \"3688-9\")"
"IPE" "Imipenem/EDTA" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"IMR" "Imipenem/relebactam" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"ISV" 6918485 "Isavuconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC05" "c(\"\", \"isav\")" "isavuconazole" "character(0)"
"ISE" 3037209 "Isepamicin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB11" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"isepacin\", \"isepalline\", \"isepamicin\", \"isepamicina\", \"isepamicine\", \"isepamicinum\")" 0.4 "g" "character(0)"
"ISO" 3760 "Isoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC05\", \"G01AF07\")" "Antimycotics for topic use" "Triazole derivatives" "" "c(\"isoconazol\", \"isoconazole\", \"isoconazolum\", \"travogen\")" "character(0)"
"INH" 3767 "Isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AC01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Hydrazides" "inh" "c(\"abdizide\", \"andrazide\", \"anidrasona\", \"antimicina\", \"antituberkulosum\", \"armacide\", \"armazid\", \"armazide\", \"atcotibine\", \"azt + isoniazid\", \"azuren\", \"bacillin\", \"cemidon\", \"chemiazid\", \"chemidon\", \"continazine\", \"cortinazine\", \"cotinazin\", \"cotinizin\", \"defonin\", \"dibutin\", \"diforin\", \"dinacrin\", \"ditubin\", \"ebidene\", \"eralon\", \"ertuban\", \"eutizon\", \"evalon\", \"fetefu\", \"fimalene\", \"hid rasonil\", \"hidranizil\", \"hidrasonil\", \"hidrulta\", \"hidrun\", \"hycozid\", \"hydrazid\", \"hydrazide\", \"hyozid\", \"i.a.i.\",
\"idrazil\", \"inizid\", \"iscotin\", \"isidrina\", \"ismazide\", \"isobicina\", \"isocid\", \"isocidene\", \"isocotin\", \"isohydrazide\", \"isokin\", \"isolyn\", \"isonerit\", \"isonex\", \"isoniacid\", \"isoniazid\", \"isoniazid sa\", \"isoniazida\", \"isoniazide\", \"isoniazidum\", \"isonicazide\", \"isonicid\", \"isonico\", \"isonicotan\", \"isonicotil\", \"isonicotinhydrazid\", \"isonicotinohydrazide\", \"isonide\", \"isonidrin\", \"isonikazid\", \"isonilex\", \"isonin\", \"isonindon\", \"isonirit\", \"isoniton\", \"isonizida\", \"isonizide\", \"isotamine\", \"isotebe\",
\"isotebezid\", \"isotinyl\", \"isozid\", \"isozide\", \"isozyd\", \"laniazid\", \"laniozid\", \"lanizid\", \"mayambutol\", \"mybasan\", \"neoteben\", \"neoxin\", \"neumandin\", \"niadrin\", \"nicazide\", \"nicetal\", \"nicizina\", \"niconyl\", \"nicotibina\", \"nicotibine\", \"nicotisan\", \"nicozide\", \"nidaton\", \"nidrazid\", \"nikozid\", \"niplen\", \"nitadon\", \"niteban\", \"nydrazid\", \"nyscozid\", \"pelazid\", \"percin\", \"phthisen\", \"pycazide\", \"pyreazid\", \"pyricidin\", \"pyridicin\", \"pyrizidin\", \"raumanon\", \"razide\", \"retozide\", \"rifater\", \"rimicid\",
\"rimifon\", \"rimiphone\", \"rimitsid\", \"robiselin\", \"robisellin\", \"roxifen\", \"sanohidrazina\", \"sauterazid\", \"sauterzid\", \"stanozide\", \"tebecid\", \"tebenic\", \"tebexin\", \"tebilon\", \"teebaconin\", \"tekazin\", \"tibazide\", \"tibemid\", \"tibiazide\", \"tibinide\", \"tibison\", \"tibivis\", \"tibizide\", \"tibusan\", \"tisiodrazida\", \"tizide\", \"tubazid\", \"tubazide\", \"tubeco\", \"tubecotubercid\", \"tuberian\", \"tubicon\", \"tubilysin\", \"tubizid\", \"tubomel\", \"unicocyde\", \"unicozyde\", \"vazadrine\", \"vederon\", \"zidafimia\", \"zinadon\",
\"zonazide\")" 0.3 "g" 0.3 "g" "c(\"25451-6\", \"26756-7\", \"3697-0\", \"40371-7\")"
"ITR" "J02AC02" 3793 "Itraconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "itra" "c(\"itraconazol\", \"itraconazole\", \"itraconazolum\", \"itraconzaole\", \"itrazole\", \"oriconazole\", \"sporanox\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10989-2\", \"12392-7\", \"25258-5\", \"27081-9\", \"32184-4\", \"32185-1\", \"80531-7\")"
"JOS" "J01FA07" 5282165 "Josamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"josacine\", \"josamicina\", \"josamycin\", \"josamycine\", \"josamycinum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"KAN" "J01GB04" 6032 "Kanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"hlk\", \"k\", \"kan\", \"kana\", \"km\")" "c(\"kanamicina\", \"kanamycin\", \"kanamycin a\", \"kanamycin base\", \"kanamycine\", \"kanamycinum\", \"kantrex\", \"kenamycin a\", \"klebcil\", \"liposomal kanamycin\")" 1 "g" "c(\"23889-9\", \"3698-8\", \"3699-6\", \"3700-2\", \"47395-9\")"
"KAH" "Kanamycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"\", \"k_h\", \"kahl\")" "" ""
"KAC" "Kanamycin/cephalexin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "" ""
"KET" "J02AB02" 456201 "Ketoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"keto\", \"ktc\")" "c(\"extina\", \"fungarest\", \"fungoral\", \"ketocanazole\", \"ketoconazol\", \"ketoconazole\", \"ketoconazolum\", \"ketoderm\", \"nizoral\", \"xolegel\")" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10990-0\", \"12393-5\", \"25259-3\", \"60091-6\", \"60092-4\")"
"KIT" "Kitasamycin (Leucomycin)" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"LAS" 5360807 "Lasalocid" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"avatec\", \"lasalocid\", \"lasalocid a\", \"lasalocide\", \"lasalocide a\", \"lasalocido\", \"lasalocidum\")" "87598-9"
"LTM" "J01DD06" 47499 "Latamoxef" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"mox\", \"moxa\")" "c(\"disodium moxalactam\", \"festamoxin\", \"lamoxactam\", \"latamoxef\", \"latamoxefum\", \"shiomarin\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"LMU" 25185057 "Lefamulin" "Other antibacterials" "" "lefamulin" "character(0)"
"LEN" 65646 "Lenampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"lenampicilina\", \"lenampicillin\", \"lenampicillin hcl\", \"lenampicilline\", \"lenampicillinum\")" "character(0)"
"LVX" "J01MA12" 149096 "Levofloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"le\", \"lev\", \"levo\", \"lvx\")" "c(\"aeroquin\", \"cravit\", \"cravit hydrate\", \"cravit iv\", \"cravit ophthalmic\", \"elequine\", \"floxacin\", \"floxel\", \"iquix hydrate\", \"leroxacin\", \"lesacin\", \"levaquin\", \"levaquin hydrate\", \"levo floxacin\", \"levofiexacin\", \"levofloxacin\", \"levofloxacin hydrate\", \"levofloxacine\", \"levofloxacino\", \"levofloxacinum\", \"levokacin\", \"levoxacin\", \"mosardal\", \"nofaxin\", \"oftaquix\", \"quixin\", \"reskuin\", \"tavanic\", \"unibiotic\", \"venaxan\", \"volequin\")" 0.5 "g" 0.5 "g" "c(\"21368-6\", \"30532-6\", \"30533-4\")"
"LND" 9850038 "Levonadifloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "levonadifloxacin" "character(0)"
"LSP" "Linco-spectin (lincomycin/spectinomycin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"LIN" "J01FF02" 3000540 "Lincomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Lincosamides" "linc" "c(\"cillimycin\", \"jiemycin\", \"lincolcina\", \"lincolnensin\", \"lincomicina\", \"lincomycin\", \"lincomycin a\", \"lincomycine\", \"lincomycinum\")" 1.8 "g" 1.8 "g" "87597-1"
"LNZ" "J01XX08" 441401 "Linezolid" "Oxazolidinones" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"line\", \"lnz\", \"lz\", \"lzd\")" "c(\"linezlid\", \"linezoid\", \"linezolid\", \"linezolide\", \"linezolidum\", \"zivoxid\", \"zyvoxa\", \"zyvoxam\", \"zyvoxid\")" 1.2 "g" 1.2 "g" "c(\"34202-2\", \"80609-1\")"
"LFE" "Linoprist-flopristin" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"LOM" "J01MA07" 3948 "Lomefloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"lmf\", \"lom\", \"lome\")" "c(\"lomefloxacin\", \"lomefloxacine\", \"lomefloxacino\", \"lomefloxacinum\", \"maxaquin\")" 0.4 "character(0)"
"LOR" "J01DC08" 5284585 "Loracarbef" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"lora\")" "c(\"anhydrous loracarbef\", \"lorabid\", \"loracarbef\", \"loracarbefum\", \"lorbef\", \"loribid\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"LYM" "J01AA04" 54707177 "Lymecycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"biovetin\", \"chlortetracyclin\", \"ciclisin\", \"ciclolysal\", \"infaciclina\", \"limeciclina\", \"lisinbiotic\", \"lymecyclin\", \"lymecycline\", \"lymecyclinum\", \"mucomycin\", \"ntetracycline\", \"tetralisal\", \"tetralysal\", \"vebicyclysal\")" 0.6 "g" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"MNA" "J01XX06" 1292 "Mandelic acid" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"acido mandelico\", \"almond acid\", \"amygdalic acid\", \"benzoglycolic acid\", \"hydroxyacetic acid\", \"kyselina mandlova\", \"mandelic acid\", \"paramandelic acid\", \"phenylglycolic acid\", \"uromaline\")" 12 "g" "character(0)"
"MAR" 60651 "Marbofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"marbocyl\", \"marbofloxacin\", \"marbofloxacine\", \"marbofloxacino\", \"marbofloxacinum\", \"zeniquin\")" "character(0)"
"MEC" "J01CA11" 36273 "Mecillinam (Amdinocillin)" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"amdinocillin\", \"coactin\", \"hexacillin\", \"mecilinamo\", \"mecillinam\", \"mecillinamum\", \"micillinam\", \"penicillin hx\", \"selexidin\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"MEL" 71306732 "Meleumycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"MEM" "J01DH02" 441130 "Meropenem" "Carbapenems" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"mem\", \"mer\", \"mero\", \"mp\", \"mrp\")" "c(\"meronem\", \"meropen\", \"meropenem\", \"meropenem anhydrous\", \"meropenem hydrate\", \"meropenem trihydrate\", \"meropenemum\", \"merrem\", \"merrem i.v.\", \"merrem iv\")" 3 "g" "41406-0"
"MNC" "Meropenem/nacubactam" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"MEV" "J01DH52" "Meropenem/vaborbactam" "Carbapenems" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"MES" 176886 "Mesulfamide" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"mesulfamide\", \"mesulfamido\", \"mesulfamidum\")" "character(0)"
"MTC" "J01AA05" 54675785 "Metacycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bialatan\", \"metaciclina\", \"metacycline\", \"metacyclinum\", \"methacycline\", \"methacycline base\", \"methacyclinum\", \"methylenecycline\", \"physiomycine\", \"rondomycin\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"MTM" "J01CA14" 6713928 "Metampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"blomopen\", \"bonopen\", \"celinmicina\", \"elatocilline\", \"fedacilina kapseln\", \"filorex\", \"italcina kapseln\", \"magnipen\", \"metabacter ampullen\", \"metambac\", \"metampicilina\", \"metampicillin\", \"metampicillin sodium\", \"metampicillina\", \"metampicilline\", \"metampicillinum\", \"methampicillin\", \"metiskia ampullen\", \"micinovo\", \"micinovo ampullen\", \"pangocilin\", \"probiotic\", \"rastomycin k\", \"relyothenate\", \"ruticina\", \"rutizina\", \"rutizina ampullen\", \"sedomycin\", \"suvipen\", \"suvipen ampullen\", \"tampilen ampullen\",
"ITR" 3793 "Itraconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC02" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "itra" "c(\"itraconazol\", \"itraconazole\", \"itraconazolum\", \"itraconzaole\", \"itrazole\", \"oriconazole\", \"sporanox\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10989-2\", \"12392-7\", \"25258-5\", \"27081-9\", \"32184-4\", \"32185-1\", \"80531-7\")"
"JOS" 5282165 "Josamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA07" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"josacine\", \"josamicina\", \"josamycin\", \"josamycine\", \"josamycinum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"KAN" 6032 "Kanamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"A07AA08\", \"J01GB04\", \"S01AA24\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"hlk\", \"k\", \"kan\", \"kana\", \"km\")" "c(\"kanamicina\", \"kanamycin\", \"kanamycin a\", \"kanamycin base\", \"kanamycine\", \"kanamycinum\", \"kantrex\", \"kenamycin a\", \"klebcil\", \"liposomal kanamycin\")" 1 "g" "c(\"23889-9\", \"3698-8\", \"3699-6\", \"3700-2\", \"47395-9\")"
"KAH" "Kanamycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"\", \"k_h\", \"kahl\")" "" ""
"KAC" "Kanamycin/cephalexin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "" ""
"KET" 456201 "Ketoconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AC08\", \"G01AF11\", \"H02CA03\", \"J02AB02\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"keto\", \"ktc\")" "c(\"extina\", \"fungarest\", \"fungoral\", \"ketocanazole\", \"ketoconazol\", \"ketoconazole\", \"ketoconazolum\", \"ketoderm\", \"nizoral\", \"xolegel\")" 0.2 "g" "c(\"10990-0\", \"12393-5\", \"25259-3\", \"60091-6\", \"60092-4\")"
"KIT" "Kitasamycin (Leucomycin)" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"LAS" 5360807 "Lasalocid" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"avatec\", \"lasalocid\", \"lasalocid a\", \"lasalocide\", \"lasalocide a\", \"lasalocido\", \"lasalocidum\")" "87598-9"
"LTM" 47499 "Latamoxef" "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)" "J01DD06" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Third-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"mox\", \"moxa\")" "c(\"disodium moxalactam\", \"festamoxin\", \"lamoxactam\", \"latamoxef\", \"latamoxefum\", \"shiomarin\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"LMU" 25185057 "Lefamulin" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX12" "" "lefamulin" "character(0)"
"LEN" 65646 "Lenampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"lenampicilina\", \"lenampicillin\", \"lenampicillin hcl\", \"lenampicilline\", \"lenampicillinum\")" "character(0)"
"LVX" 149096 "Levofloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA12\", \"S01AE05\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"le\", \"lev\", \"levo\", \"lvx\")" "c(\"aeroquin\", \"cravit\", \"cravit hydrate\", \"cravit iv\", \"cravit ophthalmic\", \"elequine\", \"floxacin\", \"floxel\", \"iquix hydrate\", \"leroxacin\", \"lesacin\", \"levaquin\", \"levaquin hydrate\", \"levo floxacin\", \"levofiexacin\", \"levofloxacin\", \"levofloxacin hydrate\", \"levofloxacine\", \"levofloxacino\", \"levofloxacinum\", \"levokacin\", \"levoxacin\", \"mosardal\", \"nofaxin\", \"oftaquix\", \"quixin\", \"reskuin\", \"tavanic\", \"unibiotic\", \"venaxan\", \"volequin\")" 0.5 "g" 0.5 "g" "c(\"21368-6\", \"30532-6\", \"30533-4\")"
"LND" 9850038 "Levonadifloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA24" "" "levonadifloxacin" "character(0)"
"LSP" "Linco-spectin (lincomycin/spectinomycin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"LIN" 3000540 "Lincomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FF02" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Lincosamides" "linc" "c(\"cillimycin\", \"jiemycin\", \"lincolcina\", \"lincolnensin\", \"lincomicina\", \"lincomycin\", \"lincomycin a\", \"lincomycine\", \"lincomycinum\")" 1.8 "g" 1.8 "g" "87597-1"
"LNZ" 441401 "Linezolid" "Oxazolidinones" "J01XX08" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"line\", \"lnz\", \"lz\", \"lzd\")" "c(\"linezlid\", \"linezoid\", \"linezolid\", \"linezolide\", \"linezolidum\", \"zivoxid\", \"zyvoxa\", \"zyvoxam\", \"zyvoxid\")" 1.2 "g" 1.2 "g" "c(\"34202-2\", \"80609-1\")"
"LFE" "Linoprist-flopristin" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"LOM" 3948 "Lomefloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA07\", \"S01AE04\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"lmf\", \"lom\", \"lome\")" "c(\"lomefloxacin\", \"lomefloxacine\", \"lomefloxacino\", \"lomefloxacinum\", \"maxaquin\")" 0.4 "character(0)"
"LOR" 5284585 "Loracarbef" "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)" "J01DC08" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Second-generation cephalosporins" "c(\"\", \"lora\")" "c(\"anhydrous loracarbef\", \"lorabid\", \"loracarbef\", \"loracarbefum\", \"lorbef\", \"loribid\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"LYM" 54707177 "Lymecycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA04" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"biovetin\", \"chlortetracyclin\", \"ciclisin\", \"ciclolysal\", \"infaciclina\", \"limeciclina\", \"lisinbiotic\", \"lymecyclin\", \"lymecycline\", \"lymecyclinum\", \"mucomycin\", \"ntetracycline\", \"tetralisal\", \"tetralysal\", \"vebicyclysal\")" 0.6 "g" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"MNA" 1292 "Mandelic acid" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"B05CA06\", \"J01XX06\")" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"acido mandelico\", \"almond acid\", \"amygdalic acid\", \"benzoglycolic acid\", \"hydroxyacetic acid\", \"kyselina mandlova\", \"mandelic acid\", \"paramandelic acid\", \"phenylglycolic acid\", \"uromaline\")" 12 "g" "character(0)"
"MAR" 60651 "Marbofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"marbocyl\", \"marbofloxacin\", \"marbofloxacine\", \"marbofloxacino\", \"marbofloxacinum\", \"zeniquin\")" "character(0)"
"MEC" 36273 "Mecillinam (Amdinocillin)" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA11" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"amdinocillin\", \"coactin\", \"hexacillin\", \"mecilinamo\", \"mecillinam\", \"mecillinamum\", \"micillinam\", \"penicillin hx\", \"selexidin\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"MEL" 71306732 "Meleumycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"MEM" 441130 "Meropenem" "Carbapenems" "J01DH02" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "c(\"mem\", \"mer\", \"mero\", \"mp\", \"mrp\")" "c(\"meronem\", \"meropen\", \"meropenem\", \"meropenem anhydrous\", \"meropenem hydrate\", \"meropenem trihydrate\", \"meropenemum\", \"merrem\", \"merrem i.v.\", \"merrem iv\")" 3 "g" "41406-0"
"MNC" "Meropenem/nacubactam" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"MEV" "Meropenem/vaborbactam" "Carbapenems" "J01DH52" "Other beta-lactam antibacterials" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"MES" 176886 "Mesulfamide" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"mesulfamide\", \"mesulfamido\", \"mesulfamidum\")" "character(0)"
"MTC" 54675785 "Metacycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA05" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bialatan\", \"metaciclina\", \"metacycline\", \"metacyclinum\", \"methacycline\", \"methacycline base\", \"methacyclinum\", \"methylenecycline\", \"physiomycine\", \"rondomycin\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"MTM" 6713928 "Metampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA14" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"blomopen\", \"bonopen\", \"celinmicina\", \"elatocilline\", \"fedacilina kapseln\", \"filorex\", \"italcina kapseln\", \"magnipen\", \"metabacter ampullen\", \"metambac\", \"metampicilina\", \"metampicillin\", \"metampicillin sodium\", \"metampicillina\", \"metampicilline\", \"metampicillinum\", \"methampicillin\", \"metiskia ampullen\", \"micinovo\", \"micinovo ampullen\", \"pangocilin\", \"probiotic\", \"rastomycin k\", \"relyothenate\", \"ruticina\", \"rutizina\", \"rutizina ampullen\", \"sedomycin\", \"suvipen\", \"suvipen ampullen\", \"tampilen ampullen\",
\"teonicon trofen\", \"viderpen\", \"viderpin\", \"vioplex\")" 1.5 "g" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"MTH" "J01XX05" 4101 "Methenamine" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aceto hmt\", \"aminoform\", \"aminoformaldehyde\", \"ammoform\", \"ammonioformaldehyde\", \"antihydral\", \"cystamin\", \"cystex\", \"cystogen\", \"duirexol\", \"ekagom h\", \"esametilentetramina\", \"formamine\", \"formin\", \"h.m.t.\", \"heksa k\", \"herax uts\", \"heterin\", \"hexa b\", \"hexaform\", \"hexaloids\", \"hexamethylamine\", \"hexamethylenamine\", \"hexamethyleneamine\", \"hexamethylentetramin\", \"hexamine\", \"hexamine silver\", \"hexamine superfine\", \"hexaminum\", \"hexasan\", \"hexilmethylenamine\", \"metenamina\", \"metenamine\", \"methamin\",
"MTH" 4101 "Methenamine" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX05" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aceto hmt\", \"aminoform\", \"aminoformaldehyde\", \"ammoform\", \"ammonioformaldehyde\", \"antihydral\", \"cystamin\", \"cystex\", \"cystogen\", \"duirexol\", \"ekagom h\", \"esametilentetramina\", \"formamine\", \"formin\", \"h.m.t.\", \"heksa k\", \"herax uts\", \"heterin\", \"hexa b\", \"hexaform\", \"hexaloids\", \"hexamethylamine\", \"hexamethylenamine\", \"hexamethyleneamine\", \"hexamethylentetramin\", \"hexamine\", \"hexamine silver\", \"hexamine superfine\", \"hexaminum\", \"hexasan\", \"hexilmethylenamine\", \"metenamina\", \"metenamine\", \"methamin\",
\"methenamin\", \"methenamine\", \"methenamine silver\", \"methenaminum\", \"metramine\", \"naphthamine\", \"nocceler h\", \"preparation af\", \"resotropin\", \"sanceler h\", \"sanceler ht\", \"silver methenamine\", \"uramin\", \"uratrine\", \"urisol\", \"uritone\", \"urodeine\", \"urotropin\", \"urotropine\", \"vesaloin\", \"vesalvine\", \"xametrin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"MET" "J01CF03" 6087 "Methicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "meti" "c(\"dimocillin\", \"metacillin\", \"methcilline\", \"methicillin\", \"methicillinum\", \"methycillin\", \"meticilina\", \"meticillin\", \"meticillina\", \"meticilline\", \"meticillinum\", \"staphcillin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"29492-6\", \"3788-7\")"
"MTP" 68590 "Metioprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"methioprim\", \"metioprim\", \"metioprima\", \"metioprime\", \"metioprimum\")" "character(0)"
"MXT" 3047729 "Metioxate" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"metioxate\", \"metioxato\", \"metioxatum\")" "character(0)"
"MTR" "J01XD01" 4173 "Metronidazole" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"metr\", \"mnz\")" "c(\"acromona\", \"anagiardil\", \"arilin\", \"atrivyl\", \"danizol\", \"deflamon\", \"efloran\", \"elyzol\", \"entizol\", \"flagemona\", \"flagesol\", \"flagil\", \"flagyl\", \"flagyl er\", \"flagyl i.v.\", \"flagyl i.v. rtu\", \"flazol\", \"flegyl\", \"florazole\", \"fossyol\", \"giatricol\", \"ginefla vir\", \"gineflavir\", \"helidac\", \"mepagyl\", \"meronidal\", \"methronidazole\", \"metric\", \"metro cream\", \"metro gel\", \"metro i.v\", \"metro i.v.\", \"metro iv\", \"metrocream\", \"metrodzhil\", \"metrogel\", \"metrogyl\", \"metrolag\", \"metrolotion\", \"metrolyl\",
"MET" 6087 "Methicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF03" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "meti" "c(\"dimocillin\", \"metacillin\", \"methcilline\", \"methicillin\", \"methicillinum\", \"methycillin\", \"meticilina\", \"meticillin\", \"meticillina\", \"meticilline\", \"meticillinum\", \"staphcillin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"29492-6\", \"3788-7\")"
"MTP" 68590 "Metioprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"methioprim\", \"metioprim\", \"metioprima\", \"metioprime\", \"metioprimum\")" "character(0)"
"MXT" 3047729 "Metioxate" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"metioxate\", \"metioxato\", \"metioxatum\")" "character(0)"
"MTR" 4173 "Metronidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"A01AB17\", \"D06BX01\", \"G01AF01\", \"J01XD01\", \"P01AB01\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"metr\", \"mnz\")" "c(\"acromona\", \"anagiardil\", \"arilin\", \"atrivyl\", \"danizol\", \"deflamon\", \"efloran\", \"elyzol\", \"entizol\", \"flagemona\", \"flagesol\", \"flagil\", \"flagyl\", \"flagyl er\", \"flagyl i.v.\", \"flagyl i.v. rtu\", \"flazol\", \"flegyl\", \"florazole\", \"fossyol\", \"giatricol\", \"ginefla vir\", \"gineflavir\", \"helidac\", \"mepagyl\", \"meronidal\", \"methronidazole\", \"metric\", \"metro cream\", \"metro gel\", \"metro i.v\", \"metro i.v.\", \"metro iv\", \"metrocream\", \"metrodzhil\", \"metrogel\", \"metrogyl\", \"metrolag\", \"metrolotion\", \"metrolyl\",
\"metromidol\", \"metronidaz\", \"metronidazol\", \"metronidazole\", \"metronidazole usp\", \"metronidazolo\", \"metronidazolum\", \"metrotop\", \"metrozine\", \"metryl\", \"mexibol\", \"mexibol 'silanes'\", \"monagyl\", \"monasin\", \"nidagel\", \"nidagyl\", \"noritate\", \"novonidazol\", \"orvagil\", \"polibiotic\", \"protostat\", \"rathimed\", \"rosased\", \"sanatrichom\", \"satric\", \"takimetol\", \"trichazol\", \"trichex\", \"tricho cordes\", \"trichobrol\", \"trichocide\", \"trichomol\", \"trichopal\", \"trichopol\", \"tricocet\", \"tricom\", \"tricowas b\", \"trikacide\",
\"trikamon\", \"trikhopol\", \"trikojol\", \"trikozol\", \"trimeks\", \"trivazol\", \"vagilen\", \"vagimid\", \"vandazole\", \"vertisal\", \"wagitran\", \"zadstat\", \"zidoval\")" 1.5 "g" "10991-8"
"MEZ" "J01CA10" 656511 "Mezlocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"mez\", \"mezl\", \"mz\")" "c(\"mezlin\", \"mezlocilina\", \"mezlocillin\", \"mezlocillin acid\", \"mezlocillin sodium\", \"mezlocilline\", \"mezlocillinum\", \"multocillin\")" 6 "g" "3820-8"
"MSU" "Mezlocillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"MIF" "J02AX05" 477468 "Micafungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "c(\"\", \"mica\")" "c(\"micafungin\", \"mycamine\")" 0.1 "g" "58418-5"
"MCZ" "J02AB01" 4189 "Miconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Imidazole derivatives" "mico" "c(\"aflorix\", \"albistat\", \"andergin\", \"brentan\", \"conofite\", \"dactarin\", \"daktarin\", \"daktarin iv\", \"florid\", \"lotrimin af\", \"micantin\", \"miconasil nitrate\", \"miconazol\", \"miconazole\", \"miconazole base\", \"miconazolo\", \"miconazolum\", \"micozole\", \"minostate\", \"monista\", \"monistat\", \"monistat iv\", \"oravig\", \"vusion\", \"zimybase\", \"zimycan\")" 1 "g" "17278-3"
"MCR" 3037206 "Micronomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"gentamicin c\", \"micromycin\", \"micronomicin\", \"micronomicina\", \"micronomicine\", \"micronomicinum\", \"sagamicin\", \"santemycin\")" "character(0)"
"MID" "J01FA03" 5282169 "Midecamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"aboren\", \"espinomycin a\", \"macropen\", \"madecacine\", \"medemycin\", \"midecamicina\", \"midecamycin\", \"midecamycin a\", \"midecamycine\", \"midecamycinum\", \"midecin\", \"momicine\", \"mydecamycin\", \"myoxam\", \"normicina\", \"rubimycin\", \"turimycin p\")" 1.2 1 "g" "character(0)"
"MIL" 37614 "Miloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"miloxacin\", \"miloxacine\", \"miloxacino\", \"miloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"MNO" "J01AA08" 54675783 "Minocycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"mc\", \"mh\", \"mi\", \"min\", \"mino\", \"mn\", \"mno\")" "c(\"akamin\", \"aknemin\", \"borymycin\", \"dynacin\", \"klinomycin\", \"minociclina\", \"minocin\", \"minocline\", \"minocyclin\", \"minocycline\", \"minocyclinum\", \"minocyn\", \"minoderm\", \"minomycin\", \"sebomin\", \"solodyn\", \"vectrin\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"34606-4\", \"3822-4\", \"49757-8\")"
"MCM" "J01FA11" 5282188 "Miocamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"acecamycin\", \"macroral\", \"midecamycin acetate\", \"miocamen\", \"miocamycine\", \"miokamycin\", \"myocamicin\", \"ponsinomycin\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"MON" 23667299 "Monensin sodium" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"monensin sodium\", \"sodium monensin\")" "character(0)"
"MRN" "J04AK04" 70374 "Morinamide" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "c(\"morfazinamide\", \"morfazinammide\", \"morfgazinamide\", \"morinamida\", \"morinamide\", \"morinamidum\", \"morphazinamid\", \"morphazinamide\", \"piazofolina\", \"piazolin\", \"piazolina\")" "character(0)"
"MFX" "J01MA14" 152946 "Moxifloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"mox\", \"moxi\", \"mxf\")" "c(\"actira\", \"avelox\", \"avelox i.v.\", \"avelox iv\", \"avolex\", \"izilox\", \"moxeza\", \"moxifloxacin\", \"moxifloxacine\", \"vigamox\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"43751-7\", \"45223-5\", \"80540-8\")"
"MUP" "R01AX06" 446596 "Mupirocin" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"mup\", \"mupi\")" "c(\"bactoderm\", \"bactroban\", \"bactroban nasal\", \"bactroban ointment\", \"centany\", \"mupirocin\", \"mupirocina\", \"mupirocine\", \"mupirocinum\", \"plasimine\", \"pseudomonic acid\", \"pseudomonic acid a\", \"turixin\")" "character(0)"
"NAC" 73386748 "Nacubactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "nacubactam" "character(0)"
"NAD" 4410 "Nadifloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"acuatim\", \"nadifloxacin\", \"nadifloxacine\", \"nadifloxacino\", \"nadifloxacinum\", \"nadixa\", \"nadoxin\")" "character(0)"
"NAF" 8982 "Nafcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "c(\"nafcilina\", \"nafcillin\", \"nafcillin sodium\", \"nafcilline\", \"nafcillinum\", \"nallpen\", \"naphcillin\", \"unipen\")" "c(\"10993-4\", \"25232-0\")"
"ZWK" 117587595 "Nafithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "nafithromycin" "character(0)"
"NAL" "J01MB02" 4421 "Nalidixic acid" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "c(\"na\", \"nal\", \"nali\")" "c(\"acide nalidixico\", \"acide nalidixique\", \"acido nalidissico\", \"acido nalidixico\", \"acidum nalidixicum\", \"betaxina\", \"dixiben\", \"dixinal\", \"eucisten\", \"eucistin\", \"innoxalomn\", \"innoxalon\", \"jicsron\", \"kusnarin\", \"naldixic acid\", \"nalidic acid\", \"nalidicron\", \"nalidixan\", \"nalidixane\", \"nalidixate\", \"nalidixate sodium\", \"nalidixic\", \"nalidixic acid\", \"nalidixin\", \"nalidixinic acid\", \"nalidixinsaure\", \"nalitucsan\", \"nalurin\", \"narigix\", \"naxuril\", \"neggram\", \"negram\", \"nevigramon\", \"nicelate\", \"nogram\",
"MEZ" 656511 "Mezlocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA10" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"mez\", \"mezl\", \"mz\")" "c(\"mezlin\", \"mezlocilina\", \"mezlocillin\", \"mezlocillin acid\", \"mezlocillin sodium\", \"mezlocilline\", \"mezlocillinum\", \"multocillin\")" 6 "g" "3820-8"
"MSU" "Mezlocillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"MIF" 477468 "Micafungin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AX05" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Other antimycotics for systemic use" "c(\"\", \"mica\")" "c(\"micafungin\", \"mycamine\")" 0.1 "g" "58418-5"
"MCZ" 4189 "Miconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A01AB09\", \"A07AC01\", \"D01AC02\", \"G01AF04\", \"J02AB01\", \"S02AA13\")" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Imidazole derivatives" "mico" "c(\"aflorix\", \"albistat\", \"andergin\", \"brentan\", \"conofite\", \"dactarin\", \"daktarin\", \"daktarin iv\", \"florid\", \"lotrimin af\", \"micantin\", \"miconasil nitrate\", \"miconazol\", \"miconazole\", \"miconazole base\", \"miconazolo\", \"miconazolum\", \"micozole\", \"minostate\", \"monista\", \"monistat\", \"monistat iv\", \"oravig\", \"vusion\", \"zimybase\", \"zimycan\")" 1 "g" "17278-3"
"MCR" 3037206 "Micronomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "S01AA22" "" "c(\"gentamicin c\", \"micromycin\", \"micronomicin\", \"micronomicina\", \"micronomicine\", \"micronomicinum\", \"sagamicin\", \"santemycin\")" "character(0)"
"MID" 5282169 "Midecamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA03" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"aboren\", \"espinomycin a\", \"macropen\", \"madecacine\", \"medemycin\", \"midecamicina\", \"midecamycin\", \"midecamycin a\", \"midecamycine\", \"midecamycinum\", \"midecin\", \"momicine\", \"mydecamycin\", \"myoxam\", \"normicina\", \"rubimycin\", \"turimycin p\")" 1.2 1 "g" "character(0)"
"MIL" 37614 "Miloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"miloxacin\", \"miloxacine\", \"miloxacino\", \"miloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"MNO" 54675783 "Minocycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"A01AB23\", \"D10AF07\", \"J01AA08\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"mc\", \"mh\", \"mi\", \"min\", \"mino\", \"mn\", \"mno\")" "c(\"akamin\", \"aknemin\", \"borymycin\", \"dynacin\", \"klinomycin\", \"minociclina\", \"minocin\", \"minocline\", \"minocyclin\", \"minocycline\", \"minocyclinum\", \"minocyn\", \"minoderm\", \"minomycin\", \"sebomin\", \"solodyn\", \"vectrin\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "c(\"34606-4\", \"3822-4\", \"49757-8\")"
"MCM" 5282188 "Miocamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA11" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"acecamycin\", \"macroral\", \"midecamycin acetate\", \"miocamen\", \"miocamycine\", \"miokamycin\", \"myocamicin\", \"ponsinomycin\")" 1.2 "g" "character(0)"
"MON" 23667299 "Monensin sodium" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"monensin sodium\", \"sodium monensin\")" "character(0)"
"MRN" 70374 "Morinamide" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "c(\"morfazinamide\", \"morfazinammide\", \"morfgazinamide\", \"morinamida\", \"morinamide\", \"morinamidum\", \"morphazinamid\", \"morphazinamide\", \"piazofolina\", \"piazolin\", \"piazolina\")" "character(0)"
"MFX" 152946 "Moxifloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA14\", \"S01AE07\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"mox\", \"moxi\", \"mxf\")" "c(\"actira\", \"avelox\", \"avelox i.v.\", \"avelox iv\", \"avolex\", \"izilox\", \"moxeza\", \"moxifloxacin\", \"moxifloxacine\", \"vigamox\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"43751-7\", \"45223-5\", \"80540-8\")"
"MUP" 446596 "Mupirocin" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"D06AX09\", \"R01AX06\")" "c(\"mup\", \"mupi\")" "c(\"bactoderm\", \"bactroban\", \"bactroban nasal\", \"bactroban ointment\", \"centany\", \"mupirocin\", \"mupirocina\", \"mupirocine\", \"mupirocinum\", \"plasimine\", \"pseudomonic acid\", \"pseudomonic acid a\", \"turixin\")" "character(0)"
"NAC" 73386748 "Nacubactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "nacubactam" "character(0)"
"NAD" 4410 "Nadifloxacin" "Quinolones" "D10AF05" "" "c(\"acuatim\", \"nadifloxacin\", \"nadifloxacine\", \"nadifloxacino\", \"nadifloxacinum\", \"nadixa\", \"nadoxin\")" "character(0)"
"NAF" 8982 "Nafcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF06" "" "c(\"nafcilina\", \"nafcillin\", \"nafcillin sodium\", \"nafcilline\", \"nafcillinum\", \"nallpen\", \"naphcillin\", \"unipen\")" "c(\"10993-4\", \"25232-0\")"
"ZWK" 117587595 "Nafithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "nafithromycin" "character(0)"
"NAL" 4421 "Nalidixic acid" "Quinolones" "J01MB02" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "c(\"na\", \"nal\", \"nali\")" "c(\"acide nalidixico\", \"acide nalidixique\", \"acido nalidissico\", \"acido nalidixico\", \"acidum nalidixicum\", \"betaxina\", \"dixiben\", \"dixinal\", \"eucisten\", \"eucistin\", \"innoxalomn\", \"innoxalon\", \"jicsron\", \"kusnarin\", \"naldixic acid\", \"nalidic acid\", \"nalidicron\", \"nalidixan\", \"nalidixane\", \"nalidixate\", \"nalidixate sodium\", \"nalidixic\", \"nalidixic acid\", \"nalidixin\", \"nalidixinic acid\", \"nalidixinsaure\", \"nalitucsan\", \"nalurin\", \"narigix\", \"naxuril\", \"neggram\", \"negram\", \"nevigramon\", \"nicelate\", \"nogram\",
\"poleon\", \"sicmylon\", \"specifen\", \"specifin\", \"unaserus\", \"uralgin\", \"uriben\", \"uriclar\", \"urisal\", \"urodixin\", \"uroman\", \"uroneg\", \"uronidix\", \"uropan\", \"wintomylon\", \"wintron\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"NAR" 65452 "Narasin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"monteban\", \"narasin\", \"narasin a\", \"narasine\", \"narasino\", \"narasinum\", \"narasul\")" "87570-8"
"NEO" "J01GB05" 8378 "Neomycin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "neom" "c(\"actilin\", \"actiline\", \"antibiotique\", \"bycomycin\", \"endomixin\", \"enterfram\", \"fradiomycin\", \"fradiomycin b\", \"fradiomycinum\", \"framicetina\", \"framycetin\", \"framycetin sulfate\", \"framycetine\", \"framycetinum\", \"framygen\", \"fraquinol\", \"jernadex\", \"myacine\", \"myacyne\", \"mycerin\", \"mycifradin\", \"neobrettin\", \"neolate\", \"neomas\", \"neomcin\", \"neomicina\", \"neomin\", \"neomycin\", \"neomycin b\", \"neomycin b sulfate\", \"neomycin solution\", \"neomycin sulfate\", \"neomycin sulphate\", \"neomycinb\", \"neomycine\", \"neomycinum\",
"NAR" 65452 "Narasin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"monteban\", \"narasin\", \"narasin a\", \"narasine\", \"narasino\", \"narasinum\", \"narasul\")" "87570-8"
"NEO" 8378 "Neomycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"A01AB08\", \"A07AA01\", \"B05CA09\", \"D06AX04\", \"J01GB05\", \"R02AB01\", \"S01AA03\", \"S02AA07\", \"S03AA01\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "neom" "c(\"actilin\", \"actiline\", \"antibiotique\", \"bycomycin\", \"endomixin\", \"enterfram\", \"fradiomycin\", \"fradiomycin b\", \"fradiomycinum\", \"framicetina\", \"framycetin\", \"framycetin sulfate\", \"framycetine\", \"framycetinum\", \"framygen\", \"fraquinol\", \"jernadex\", \"myacine\", \"myacyne\", \"mycerin\", \"mycifradin\", \"neobrettin\", \"neolate\", \"neomas\", \"neomcin\", \"neomicina\", \"neomin\", \"neomycin\", \"neomycin b\", \"neomycin b sulfate\", \"neomycin solution\", \"neomycin sulfate\", \"neomycin sulphate\", \"neomycinb\", \"neomycine\", \"neomycinum\",
\"nivemycin\", \"pimavecort\", \"soframycin\", \"soframycine\", \"tuttomycin\", \"vonamycin\", \"vonamycin powder v\")" 1 "g" "c(\"10995-9\", \"25262-7\")"
"NET" "J01GB07" 441306 "Netilmicin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "neti" "c(\"netillin\", \"netilmicin\", \"netilmicin sulfate\", \"netilmicina\", \"netilmicine\", \"netilmicinum\", \"netilyn\", \"netira\", \"vectacin\")" 0.35 "g" 0.35 "g" "c(\"25263-5\", \"3848-9\", \"3849-7\", \"3850-5\", \"47385-0\", \"59565-2\", \"59566-0\", \"59567-8\")"
"NIC" 9507 "Nicarbazin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"nicarb\", \"nicarbasin\", \"nicarbazin\", \"nicarbazine\", \"nicoxin\", \"nicrazin\", \"nicrazine\", \"nirazin\")" "character(0)"
"NIF" 71946 "Nifuroquine" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"nifuroquina\", \"nifuroquine\", \"nifuroquinum\", \"quinaldofur\")" "character(0)"
"NFR" "J01XE02" 9571062 "Nifurtoinol" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Nitrofuran derivatives" "" "c(\"levantin\", \"nifurtoinol\", \"nifurtoinolo\", \"nifurtoinolum\", \"urfadin\", \"urfadine\", \"urfadyn\")" 0.16 "g" "character(0)"
"NTZ" 41684 "Nitazoxanide" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"adrovet\", \"alinia\", \"azt + nitazoxanide\", \"colufase\", \"cryptaz\", \"dexidex\", \"heliton\", \"kidonax\", \"nitaxozanid\", \"nitaxozanide\", \"nitazox\", \"nitazoxamide\", \"nitazoxanid\", \"nitazoxanida\", \"nitazoxanide\", \"nitazoxanidum\", \"omniparax\", \"pacovanton\", \"paramix\", \"taenitaz\")" "character(0)"
"NIT" "J01XE01" 6604200 "Nitrofurantoin" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Nitrofuran derivatives" "c(\"f\", \"f/m\", \"fd\", \"ft\", \"ni\", \"nit\", \"nitr\")" "c(\"alfuran\", \"benkfuran\", \"berkfuran\", \"berkfurin\", \"ceduran\", \"chemiofuran\", \"cistofuran\", \"cyantin\", \"cystit\", \"dantafur\", \"fua med\", \"fuamed\", \"furabid\", \"furachel\", \"furadantin\", \"furadantin retard\", \"furadantina mc\", \"furadantine\", \"furadantine mc\", \"furadantoin\", \"furadoin\", \"furadoine\", \"furadonin\", \"furadonine\", \"furadoninum\", \"furadontin\", \"furadoxyl\", \"furalan\", \"furaloid\", \"furantoin\", \"furantoina\", \"furatoin\", \"furedan\", \"furina\", \"furobactina\", \"furodantin\", \"furophen t\", \"gerofuran\",
"NET" 441306 "Netilmicin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"J01GB07\", \"S01AA23\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "neti" "c(\"netillin\", \"netilmicin\", \"netilmicin sulfate\", \"netilmicina\", \"netilmicine\", \"netilmicinum\", \"netilyn\", \"netira\", \"vectacin\")" 0.35 "g" 0.35 "g" "c(\"25263-5\", \"3848-9\", \"3849-7\", \"3850-5\", \"47385-0\", \"59565-2\", \"59566-0\", \"59567-8\")"
"NIC" 9507 "Nicarbazin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"nicarb\", \"nicarbasin\", \"nicarbazin\", \"nicarbazine\", \"nicoxin\", \"nicrazin\", \"nicrazine\", \"nirazin\")" "character(0)"
"NIF" 71946 "Nifuroquine" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"nifuroquina\", \"nifuroquine\", \"nifuroquinum\", \"quinaldofur\")" "character(0)"
"NFR" 9571062 "Nifurtoinol" "Other antibacterials" "J01XE02" "Other antibacterials" "Nitrofuran derivatives" "" "c(\"levantin\", \"nifurtoinol\", \"nifurtoinolo\", \"nifurtoinolum\", \"urfadin\", \"urfadine\", \"urfadyn\")" 0.16 "g" "character(0)"
"NTZ" 41684 "Nitazoxanide" "Other antibacterials" "P01AX11" "" "c(\"adrovet\", \"alinia\", \"azt + nitazoxanide\", \"colufase\", \"cryptaz\", \"dexidex\", \"heliton\", \"kidonax\", \"nitaxozanid\", \"nitaxozanide\", \"nitazox\", \"nitazoxamide\", \"nitazoxanid\", \"nitazoxanida\", \"nitazoxanide\", \"nitazoxanidum\", \"omniparax\", \"pacovanton\", \"paramix\", \"taenitaz\")" "character(0)"
"NIT" 6604200 "Nitrofurantoin" "Other antibacterials" "J01XE01" "Other antibacterials" "Nitrofuran derivatives" "c(\"f\", \"f/m\", \"fd\", \"ft\", \"ni\", \"nit\", \"nitr\")" "c(\"alfuran\", \"benkfuran\", \"berkfuran\", \"berkfurin\", \"ceduran\", \"chemiofuran\", \"cistofuran\", \"cyantin\", \"cystit\", \"dantafur\", \"fua med\", \"fuamed\", \"furabid\", \"furachel\", \"furadantin\", \"furadantin retard\", \"furadantina mc\", \"furadantine\", \"furadantine mc\", \"furadantoin\", \"furadoin\", \"furadoine\", \"furadonin\", \"furadonine\", \"furadoninum\", \"furadontin\", \"furadoxyl\", \"furalan\", \"furaloid\", \"furantoin\", \"furantoina\", \"furatoin\", \"furedan\", \"furina\", \"furobactina\", \"furodantin\", \"furophen t\", \"gerofuran\",
\"io>>uss>>a<<ixoo\", \"ituran\", \"ivadantin\", \"macpac\", \"macrobid\", \"macrodantin\", \"macrodantina\", \"macrofuran\", \"macrofurin\", \"nierofu\", \"nifurantin\", \"nifuretten\", \"nitoin\", \"nitrex\", \"nitrofuradantin\", \"nitrofurantion\", \"nitrofurantoin\", \"nitrofurantoin macro\", \"nitrofurantoina\", \"nitrofurantoine\", \"nitrofurantoinum\", \"novofuran\", \"orafuran\", \"parfuran\", \"phenurin\", \"piyeloseptyl\", \"siraliden\", \"trantoin\", \"uerineks\", \"urantoin\", \"urizept\", \"urodin\", \"urofuran\", \"urofurin\", \"urolisa\", \"urolong\",
\"uvamin\", \"welfurin\", \"zoofurin\")" 0.2 "g" "3860-4"
"NIZ" 5447130 "Nitrofurazone" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"acutol\", \"aldomycin\", \"alfucin\", \"amifur\", \"babrocid\", \"becafurazone\", \"biofuracina\", \"biofurea\", \"chemofuran\", \"chixin\", \"cocafurin\", \"coxistat\", \"dermofural\", \"dymazone\", \"dynazone\", \"eldezol\", \"fedacin\", \"flavazone\", \"fracine\", \"furacilin\", \"furacilinum\", \"furacillin\", \"furacin\", \"furacine\", \"furacinetten\", \"furacoccid\", \"furacort\", \"furacycline\", \"furaderm\", \"furagent\", \"furalcyn\", \"furaldon\", \"furalone\", \"furametral\", \"furaplast\", \"furaseptyl\", \"furaskin\", \"furatsilin\", \"furaziline\", \"furazin\",
"NIZ" 5447130 "Nitrofurazone" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"acutol\", \"aldomycin\", \"alfucin\", \"amifur\", \"babrocid\", \"becafurazone\", \"biofuracina\", \"biofurea\", \"chemofuran\", \"chixin\", \"cocafurin\", \"coxistat\", \"dermofural\", \"dymazone\", \"dynazone\", \"eldezol\", \"fedacin\", \"flavazone\", \"fracine\", \"furacilin\", \"furacilinum\", \"furacillin\", \"furacin\", \"furacine\", \"furacinetten\", \"furacoccid\", \"furacort\", \"furacycline\", \"furaderm\", \"furagent\", \"furalcyn\", \"furaldon\", \"furalone\", \"furametral\", \"furaplast\", \"furaseptyl\", \"furaskin\", \"furatsilin\", \"furaziline\", \"furazin\",
\"furazina\", \"furazol w\", \"furazone\", \"furazyme\", \"furesol\", \"furfurin\", \"furosem\", \"fuvacillin\", \"hemofuran\", \"ibiofural\", \"mammex\", \"mastofuran\", \"monafuracin\", \"monafuracis\", \"monofuracin\", \"nfz mix\", \"nifucin\", \"nifurid\", \"nifuzon\", \"nitrofural\", \"nitrofuralum\", \"nitrofuran\", \"nitrofurane\", \"nitrofurazan\", \"nitrofurazone\", \"nitrofurazonum\", \"nitrofurol\", \"nitrozone\", \"otofural\", \"otofuran\", \"rivafurazon\", \"sanfuran\", \"vabrocid\", \"vadrocid\", \"yatrocin\")" "character(0)"
"NTR" "J01XX07" 19910 "Nitroxoline" "Quinolones" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"galinok\", \"isinok\", \"nibiol\", \"nicene forte\", \"nitroxolin\", \"nitroxolina\", \"nitroxoline\", \"nitroxolinum\", \"notroxoline\", \"noxibiol\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"NOR" "J01MA06" 4539 "Norfloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"nor\", \"norf\", \"nx\", \"nxn\")" "c(\"baccidal\", \"barazan\", \"chibroxin\", \"chibroxine\", \"chibroxol\", \"fulgram\", \"gonorcin\", \"lexinor\", \"nolicin\", \"noracin\", \"noraxin\", \"norflo\", \"norfloxacin\", \"norfloxacine\", \"norfloxacino\", \"norfloxacinum\", \"norocin\", \"noroxin\", \"noroxine\", \"norxacin\", \"sebercim\", \"uroxacin\", \"utinor\", \"zoroxin\")" 0.8 "g" "3867-9"
"NVA" 10419027 "Norvancomycin" "Glycopeptides" "" "norvancomycin" "character(0)"
"NOV" 54675769 "Novobiocin" "Other antibacterials" "novo" "c(\"albamix\", \"albamycin\", \"cardelmycin\", \"cathocin\", \"cathomycin\", \"crystallinic acid\", \"inamycin\", \"novobiocin\", \"novobiocina\", \"novobiocine\", \"novobiocinum\", \"robiocina\", \"sirbiocina\", \"spheromycin\", \"stilbiocina\", \"streptonivicin\")" "17378-1"
"NYS" "G01AA01" 6433272 "Nystatin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "nyst" "c(\"biofanal\", \"candex lotion\", \"comycin\", \"diastatin\", \"herniocid\", \"moronal\", \"myconystatin\", \"mycostatin\", \"mycostatin pastilles\", \"mykinac\", \"mykostatyna\", \"nilstat\", \"nistatin\", \"nistatina\", \"nyamyc\", \"nyotran\", \"nyotrantrade mark\", \"nystaform\", \"nystan\", \"nystatin\", \"nystatin a\", \"nystatin g\", \"nystatin lf\", \"nystatine\", \"nystatinum\", \"nystatyna\", \"nystavescent\", \"nystex\", \"nystop\", \"stamycin\", \"terrastatin\", \"zydin e\")" "character(0)"
"OFX" "J01MA01" 4583 "Ofloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"of\", \"ofl\", \"oflo\", \"ofx\")" "c(\"bactocin\", \"danoflox\", \"effexin\", \"exocin\", \"exocine\", \"flobacin\", \"flodemex\", \"flotavid\", \"flovid\", \"floxal\", \"floxil\", \"floxin\", \"floxin otic\", \"floxstat\", \"fugacin\", \"inoflox\", \"kinflocin\", \"kinoxacin\", \"levofloxacin hcl\", \"liflox\", \"loxinter\", \"marfloxacin\", \"medofloxine\", \"mergexin\", \"monoflocet\", \"novecin\", \"nufafloqo\", \"occidal\", \"ocuflox\", \"oflocee\", \"oflocet\", \"oflocin\", \"oflodal\", \"oflodex\", \"oflodura\", \"ofloxacin\", \"ofloxacin otic\", \"ofloxacina\", \"ofloxacine\", \"ofloxacino\", \"ofloxacinum\",
"NTR" 19910 "Nitroxoline" "Quinolones" "J01XX07" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"galinok\", \"isinok\", \"nibiol\", \"nicene forte\", \"nitroxolin\", \"nitroxolina\", \"nitroxoline\", \"nitroxolinum\", \"notroxoline\", \"noxibiol\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"NOR" 4539 "Norfloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA06\", \"S01AE02\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"nor\", \"norf\", \"nx\", \"nxn\")" "c(\"baccidal\", \"barazan\", \"chibroxin\", \"chibroxine\", \"chibroxol\", \"fulgram\", \"gonorcin\", \"lexinor\", \"nolicin\", \"noracin\", \"noraxin\", \"norflo\", \"norfloxacin\", \"norfloxacine\", \"norfloxacino\", \"norfloxacinum\", \"norocin\", \"noroxin\", \"noroxine\", \"norxacin\", \"sebercim\", \"uroxacin\", \"utinor\", \"zoroxin\")" 0.8 "g" "3867-9"
"NVA" 10419027 "Norvancomycin" "Glycopeptides" "" "norvancomycin" "character(0)"
"NOV" 54675769 "Novobiocin" "Other antibacterials" "novo" "c(\"albamix\", \"albamycin\", \"cardelmycin\", \"cathocin\", \"cathomycin\", \"crystallinic acid\", \"inamycin\", \"novobiocin\", \"novobiocina\", \"novobiocine\", \"novobiocinum\", \"robiocina\", \"sirbiocina\", \"spheromycin\", \"stilbiocina\", \"streptonivicin\")" "17378-1"
"NYS" 6433272 "Nystatin" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"A07AA02\", \"D01AA01\", \"G01AA01\")" "nyst" "c(\"biofanal\", \"candex lotion\", \"comycin\", \"diastatin\", \"herniocid\", \"moronal\", \"myconystatin\", \"mycostatin\", \"mycostatin pastilles\", \"mykinac\", \"mykostatyna\", \"nilstat\", \"nistatin\", \"nistatina\", \"nyamyc\", \"nyotran\", \"nyotrantrade mark\", \"nystaform\", \"nystan\", \"nystatin\", \"nystatin a\", \"nystatin g\", \"nystatin lf\", \"nystatine\", \"nystatinum\", \"nystatyna\", \"nystavescent\", \"nystex\", \"nystop\", \"stamycin\", \"terrastatin\", \"zydin e\")" "character(0)"
"OFX" 4583 "Ofloxacin" "Quinolones" "c(\"J01MA01\", \"S01AE01\", \"S02AA16\")" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"of\", \"ofl\", \"oflo\", \"ofx\")" "c(\"bactocin\", \"danoflox\", \"effexin\", \"exocin\", \"exocine\", \"flobacin\", \"flodemex\", \"flotavid\", \"flovid\", \"floxal\", \"floxil\", \"floxin\", \"floxin otic\", \"floxstat\", \"fugacin\", \"inoflox\", \"kinflocin\", \"kinoxacin\", \"levofloxacin hcl\", \"liflox\", \"loxinter\", \"marfloxacin\", \"medofloxine\", \"mergexin\", \"monoflocet\", \"novecin\", \"nufafloqo\", \"occidal\", \"ocuflox\", \"oflocee\", \"oflocet\", \"oflocin\", \"oflodal\", \"oflodex\", \"oflodura\", \"ofloxacin\", \"ofloxacin otic\", \"ofloxacina\", \"ofloxacine\", \"ofloxacino\", \"ofloxacinum\",
\"ofloxin\", \"onexacin\", \"operan\", \"orocin\", \"otonil\", \"oxaldin\", \"pharflox\", \"praxin\", \"puiritol\", \"qinolon\", \"quinolon\", \"quotavil\", \"sinflo\", \"tabrin\", \"taravid\", \"tariflox\", \"tarivid\", \"telbit\", \"tructum\", \"uro tarivid\", \"viotisone\", \"visiren\", \"zanocin\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"25264-3\", \"3877-8\")"
"OLE" "J01FA05" 72493 "Oleandomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"amimycin\", \"landomycin\", \"matromycin\", \"oleandomycin a\", \"romicil\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OMC" 54697325 "Omadacycline" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"amadacycline\", \"omadacycline\")" "character(0)"
"OPT" 87880 "Optochin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"numoquin\", \"optochin\", \"optoquine\")" "character(0)"
"ORB" 60605 "Orbifloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "orbifloxacin" "character(0)"
"ORI" "J01XA05" 16136912 "Oritavancin" "Glycopeptides" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "orit" "oritavancin" "character(0)"
"ORS" "Ormetroprim/sulfamethoxazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"ORN" "J01XD03" 28061 "Ornidazole" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "" "c(\"madelen\", \"ornidal\", \"ornidazol\", \"ornidazole\", \"ornidazolum\", \"tiberal\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OXA" "J01CF04" 6196 "Oxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"ox\", \"oxa\", \"oxac\", \"oxal\", \"oxs\")" "c(\"bactocill\", \"ossacillina\", \"oxacilina\", \"oxacillin\", \"oxacillin sodium\", \"oxacilline\", \"oxacillinum\", \"oxazocillin\", \"oxazocilline\", \"prostaphlin\", \"prostaphlyn\", \"sodium oxacillin\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"25265-0\", \"3882-8\")"
"OXO" "J01MB05" 4628 "Oxolinic acid" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"acide oxolinique\", \"acido ossolico\", \"acido oxolinico\", \"acidum oxolinicum\", \"aqualinic\", \"cistopax\", \"dioxacin\", \"emyrenil\", \"gramurin\", \"inoxyl\", \"nidantin\", \"oksaren\", \"orthurine\", \"ossian\", \"oxoboi\", \"oxolinic\", \"oxolinic acid\", \"pietil\", \"prodoxal\", \"prodoxol\", \"starner\", \"tiurasin\", \"ultibid\", \"urinox\", \"uritrate\", \"urotrate\", \"uroxol\", \"utibid\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OXY" "J01AA06" 54675779 "Oxytetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"adamycin\", \"berkmycen\", \"biostat\", \"biostat pa\", \"dabicycline\", \"dalimycin\", \"embryostat\", \"fanterrin\", \"galsenomycin\", \"geomycin\", \"geotilin\", \"hydroxytetracyclinum\", \"imperacin\", \"lenocycline\", \"macocyn\", \"medamycin\", \"mepatar\", \"oksisyklin\", \"ossitetraciclina\", \"oxacycline\", \"oxitetraciclina\", \"oxitetracyclin\", \"oxitetracycline\", \"oxitetracyclinum\", \"oxydon\", \"oxymycin\", \"oxymykoin\", \"oxypam\", \"oxysteclin\", \"oxyterracin\", \"oxyterracine\", \"oxyterracyne\", \"oxytetracid\", \"oxytetracyclin\", \"oxytetracycline\",
"OLE" 72493 "Oleandomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA05" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"amimycin\", \"landomycin\", \"matromycin\", \"oleandomycin a\", \"romicil\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OMC" 54697325 "Omadacycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA15" "" "c(\"amadacycline\", \"omadacycline\")" "character(0)"
"OPT" 87880 "Optochin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"numoquin\", \"optochin\", \"optoquine\")" "character(0)"
"ORB" 60605 "Orbifloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "orbifloxacin" "character(0)"
"ORI" 16136912 "Oritavancin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA05" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "orit" "oritavancin" "character(0)"
"ORS" "Ormetroprim/sulfamethoxazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"ORN" 28061 "Ornidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"G01AF06\", \"J01XD03\", \"P01AB03\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "" "c(\"madelen\", \"ornidal\", \"ornidazol\", \"ornidazole\", \"ornidazolum\", \"tiberal\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OXA" 6196 "Oxacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CF04" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins" "c(\"ox\", \"oxa\", \"oxac\", \"oxal\", \"oxs\")" "c(\"bactocill\", \"ossacillina\", \"oxacilina\", \"oxacillin\", \"oxacillin sodium\", \"oxacilline\", \"oxacillinum\", \"oxazocillin\", \"oxazocilline\", \"prostaphlin\", \"prostaphlyn\", \"sodium oxacillin\")" 2 "g" 2 "g" "c(\"25265-0\", \"3882-8\")"
"OXO" 4628 "Oxolinic acid" "Quinolones" "J01MB05" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"acide oxolinique\", \"acido ossolico\", \"acido oxolinico\", \"acidum oxolinicum\", \"aqualinic\", \"cistopax\", \"dioxacin\", \"emyrenil\", \"gramurin\", \"inoxyl\", \"nidantin\", \"oksaren\", \"orthurine\", \"ossian\", \"oxoboi\", \"oxolinic\", \"oxolinic acid\", \"pietil\", \"prodoxal\", \"prodoxol\", \"starner\", \"tiurasin\", \"ultibid\", \"urinox\", \"uritrate\", \"urotrate\", \"uroxol\", \"utibid\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"OXY" 54675779 "Oxytetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"D06AA03\", \"G01AA07\", \"J01AA06\", \"S01AA04\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"adamycin\", \"berkmycen\", \"biostat\", \"biostat pa\", \"dabicycline\", \"dalimycin\", \"embryostat\", \"fanterrin\", \"galsenomycin\", \"geomycin\", \"geotilin\", \"hydroxytetracyclinum\", \"imperacin\", \"lenocycline\", \"macocyn\", \"medamycin\", \"mepatar\", \"oksisyklin\", \"ossitetraciclina\", \"oxacycline\", \"oxitetraciclina\", \"oxitetracyclin\", \"oxitetracycline\", \"oxitetracyclinum\", \"oxydon\", \"oxymycin\", \"oxymykoin\", \"oxypam\", \"oxysteclin\", \"oxyterracin\", \"oxyterracine\", \"oxyterracyne\", \"oxytetracid\", \"oxytetracyclin\", \"oxytetracycline\",
\"oxytetracycline base\", \"oxytetracyclinum\", \"proteroxyna\", \"riomitsin\", \"ryomycin\", \"solkaciclina\", \"stecsolin\", \"stevacin\", \"tarocyn\", \"tarosin\", \"teravit\", \"terrafungine\", \"terramitsin\", \"terramycin\", \"terramycin im\", \"tetran\", \"unimycin\", \"ursocyclin\", \"ursocycline\", \"vendarcin\")" 1 "g" 1 "g" "c(\"17396-3\", \"25266-8\", \"87595-5\")"
"PAS" 4649 "P-aminosalicylic acid" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"aminopar\", \"aminosalicylic\", \"aminosalicylic acid\", \"aminosalyl\", \"aminox\", \"apacil\", \"deapasil\", \"entepas\", \"ferrosan\", \"gabbropas\", \"helipidyl\", \"hellipidyl\", \"neopasalate\", \"osacyl\", \"pamacyl\", \"pamisyl\", \"paramycin\", \"parasal\", \"parasalicil\", \"parasalindon\", \"pasalon\", \"pasara\", \"pascorbic\", \"pasdium\", \"paser granules\", \"paskalium\", \"pasmed\", \"pasnodia\", \"pasolac\", \"propasa\", \"rezipas\", \"teebacin\", \"wln: zr cq dvq\")" "character(0)"
"PAN" 72015 "Panipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "c(\"panipenem\", \"panipenemum\", \"penipanem\")" "character(0)"
"PAR" 165580 "Paromomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"aminosidin\", \"aminosidine\", \"aminosidine i\", \"aminosidine sulfate\", \"amminosidin\", \"crestomycin\", \"estomycin\", \"gabbromicina\", \"gabbromycin\", \"gabromycin\", \"humatin\", \"humycin\", \"hydroxymycin\", \"hydroxymycin sulfate\", \"monomycin\", \"monomycin a\", \"neomycin e\", \"paramomycin\", \"paramomycin sulfate\", \"paromomicina\", \"paromomycin\", \"paromomycin i\", \"paromomycine\", \"paromomycinum\", \"paucimycin\", \"paucimycinum\", \"quintomycin c\")" "character(0)"
"PAZ" "J01MA18" 65957 "Pazufloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"pazufloxacin\", \"pazufloxacine\", \"pazufloxacino\", \"pazufloxacinum\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"PEF" "J01MA03" 51081 "Pefloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"pefl\")" "c(\"abactal\", \"labocton\", \"pefloxacin\", \"pefloxacine\", \"pefloxacino\", \"pefloxacinum\", \"perfloxacin\", \"silver pefloxacin\")" 0.8 "g" 0.8 "g" "3906-5"
"PNM" "J01CE06" 10250769 "Penamecillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"hydroxymethyl\", \"penamecilina\", \"penamecillin\", \"penamecillina\", \"penamecilline\", \"penamecillinum\")" 1.05 "g" "character(0)"
"PNO" "Penicillin/novobiocin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"PSU" "Penicillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"PNM1" "J01AA10" 54686187 "Penimepicycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"duamine\", \"hydrocycline\", \"penetracyne\", \"penimepiciclina\", \"penimepicycline\", \"penimepicyclinum\")" "character(0)"
"PIM" 65453 "Pentisomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"pentisomicin\", \"pentisomicina\", \"pentisomicine\", \"pentisomicinum\")" "character(0)"
"PTZ" 55250256 "Pentizidone" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"PEX" 16132253 "Pexiganan" "Other antibacterials" "" "pexiganan" "character(0)"
"PHE" "J01CE05" 272833 "Phenethicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "c(\"\", \"fene\")" "c(\"feneticilina\", \"feneticillina\", \"feneticilline\", \"k phenethicillin\", \"phenethicilin\", \"phenethicillinum\", \"pheneticillin\", \"pheneticilline\", \"pheneticillinum\", \"phenoxy pc\", \"potassium penicillin\")" 1 "g" "41471-4"
"PHN" "J01CE02" 6869 "Phenoxymethylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "c(\"fepe\", \"peni v\", \"penicillin v\", \"pnv\", \"pv\")" "c(\"acipen v\", \"apocillin\", \"apopen\", \"beromycin\", \"calcipen\", \"compocillin v\", \"crystapen v\", \"distaquaine v\", \"eskacillian v\", \"eskacillin v\", \"fenacilin\", \"fenospen\", \"meropenin\", \"oracillin\", \"oratren\", \"penicillin v\", \"phenocillin\", \"phenomycilline\", \"phenopenicillin\", \"robicillin\", \"rocilin\", \"stabicillin\", \"vebecillin\", \"veetids\", \"vegacillin\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PMR" 5284447 "Pimaricin (Natamycin)" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"delvocid\", \"mycophyt\", \"myprozine\", \"natacyn\", \"natamicina\", \"natamycin\", \"natamycine\", \"natamycinum\", \"pimafucin\", \"pimaracin\", \"pimarizin\", \"synogil\", \"tennecetin\")" "character(0)"
"PPA" "J01MB04" 4831 "Pipemidic acid" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "c(\"pipz\", \"pizu\")" "c(\"acide pipemidique\", \"acido pipemidico\", \"acidum pipemidicum\", \"deblaston\", \"dolcol\", \"pipedac\", \"pipemid\", \"pipemidic\", \"pipemidic acid\", \"pipemidicacid\", \"pipram\", \"uromidin\")" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"PIP" "J01CA12" 43672 "Piperacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"pi\", \"pip\", \"pipc\", \"pipe\", \"pp\")" "c(\"isipen\", \"pentcillin\", \"peperacillin\", \"peracin\", \"piperacilina\", \"piperacillin\", \"piperacillin na\", \"piperacillin sodium\", \"piperacilline\", \"piperacillinum\", \"pipercillin\", \"pipracil\", \"pipril\")" 14 "g" "c(\"25268-4\", \"3972-7\")"
"PIS" "Piperacillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"TZP" "J01CR05" 461573 "Piperacillin/tazobactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"p/t\", \"piptaz\", \"piptazo\", \"pit\", \"pita\", \"pt\", \"ptc\", \"ptz\", \"tzp\")" "c(\"\", \"tazocel\", \"tazocillin\", \"tazocin\", \"zosyn\")" 14 "g" "character(0)"
"PRC" 71978 "Piridicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "piridicillin" "character(0)"
"PRL" 157385 "Pirlimycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"pirlimycin\", \"pirlimycina\", \"pirlimycine\", \"pirlimycinum\", \"pirsue\")" "character(0)"
"PIR" "J01MB03" 4855 "Piromidic acid" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"acide piromidique\", \"acido piromidico\", \"acidum piromidicum\", \"actrun c\", \"bactramyl\", \"enterol\", \"gastrurol\", \"panacid\", \"pirodal\", \"piromidic acid\", \"pyrido\", \"reelon\", \"septural\", \"urisept\", \"uropir\", \"zaomeal\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PVM" "J01CA02" 33478 "Pivampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"berocillin\", \"pivaloylampicillin\", \"pivampicilina\", \"pivampicillin\", \"pivampicilline\", \"pivampicillinum\", \"pondocillin\")" 1.05 "g" "character(0)"
"PME" "J01CA08" 115163 "Pivmecillinam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"amdinocillin pivoxil\", \"coactabs\", \"hydroxymethyl\", \"pivmecilinamo\", \"pivmecillinam\", \"pivmecillinam hcl\", \"pivmecillinamum\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"PLZ" 42613186 "Plazomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "plazomicin" "92024-9"
"PLB" "J01XB02" 49800004 "Polymyxin B" "Polymyxins" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"pb\", \"pol\", \"polb\", \"poly\", \"poly b\", \"polymixin\", \"polymixin b\")" "c(\"polimixina b\", \"polumyxin b\", \"polymixin b\", \"polymyxine b\")" 0.15 "g" "c(\"17473-0\", \"25269-2\")"
"POP" "Polymyxin B/polysorbate 80" "Polymyxins" "" "" ""
"POS" "J02AC04" 468595 "Posaconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "posa" "c(\"noxafil\", \"posaconazole\", \"posaconazole sp\", \"posconazole\")" 0.3 "g" 0.3 "g" "c(\"53731-6\", \"80545-7\")"
"PRA" 9802884 "Pradofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "pradofloxacin" "character(0)"
"PRX" 71455 "Premafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "premafloxacin" "character(0)"
"PMD" "J04AK08" 456199 "Pretomanid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"PRM" 6446787 "Primycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"PRI" "J01FG01" 11979535 "Pristinamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Streptogramins" "c(\"\", \"pris\")" "c(\"eskalin v\", \"mikamycin\", \"mikamycine\", \"mikamycinum\", \"ostreogrycinum\", \"pristinamycine\", \"pristinamycinum\", \"stafac\", \"stafytracine\", \"staphylomycin\", \"starfac\", \"streptogramin\", \"vernamycin\", \"virgimycin\", \"virgimycine\", \"virginiamycina\", \"virginiamycine\", \"virginiamycinum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PRB" "J01CE09" 5903 "Procaine benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"depocillin\", \"duphapen\", \"hostacillin\", \"hydracillin\", \"jenacillin o\", \"nopcaine\", \"penicillin procaine\", \"retardillin\", \"vetspen\", \"vitablend\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"PRP" "J01CE03" 92879 "Propicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"propicilina\", \"propicillin\", \"propicilline\", \"propicillinum\")" 0.9 "g" "character(0)"
"PKA" 9872451 "Propikacin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"propikacin\", \"propikacina\", \"propikacine\", \"propikacinum\")" "character(0)"
"PTH" "J04AD01" 666418 "Prothionamide" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Thiocarbamide derivatives" "prot" "c(\"ektebin\", \"peteha\", \"prothionamide\", \"prothionamidum\", \"protion\", \"protionamid\", \"protionamida\", \"protionamide\", \"protionamidum\", \"protionizina\", \"tebeform\", \"trevintix\", \"tuberex\")" 0.75 "g" "character(0)"
"PRU" "J01MA17" 65947 "Prulifloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"prulifloxacin\", \"pruvel\", \"pufloxacin dioxolil\", \"quisnon\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"PZA" "J04AK01" 1046 "Pyrazinamide" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "pyra" "c(\"aldinamid\", \"aldinamide\", \"braccopiral\", \"corsazinmid\", \"dipimide\", \"eprazin\", \"farmizina\", \"isopas\", \"lynamide\", \"novamid\", \"p ezetamid\", \"pezetamid\", \"pharozinamide\", \"piraldina\", \"pirazimida\", \"pirazinamid\", \"pirazinamida\", \"pirazinamide\", \"prazina\", \"pyrafat\", \"pyramide\", \"pyrazide\", \"pyrazinamdie\", \"pyrazinamid\", \"pyrazinamide\", \"pyrazinamidum\", \"pyrazine carboxamide\", \"pyrazineamide\", \"pyrizinamide\", \"rifafour\", \"rozide\", \"tebrazid\", \"tebrazio\", \"tisamid\", \"unipyranamide\", \"zinamide\", \"zinastat\"
"PAS" 4649 "P-aminosalicylic acid" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"aminopar\", \"aminosalicylic\", \"aminosalicylic acid\", \"aminosalyl\", \"aminox\", \"apacil\", \"deapasil\", \"entepas\", \"ferrosan\", \"gabbropas\", \"helipidyl\", \"hellipidyl\", \"neopasalate\", \"osacyl\", \"pamacyl\", \"pamisyl\", \"paramycin\", \"parasal\", \"parasalicil\", \"parasalindon\", \"pasalon\", \"pasara\", \"pascorbic\", \"pasdium\", \"paser granules\", \"paskalium\", \"pasmed\", \"pasnodia\", \"pasolac\", \"propasa\", \"rezipas\", \"teebacin\", \"wln: zr cq dvq\")" "character(0)"
"PAN" 72015 "Panipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "c(\"panipenem\", \"panipenemum\", \"penipanem\")" "character(0)"
"PAR" 165580 "Paromomycin" "Other antibacterials" "A07AA06" "" "c(\"aminosidin\", \"aminosidine\", \"aminosidine i\", \"aminosidine sulfate\", \"amminosidin\", \"crestomycin\", \"estomycin\", \"gabbromicina\", \"gabbromycin\", \"gabromycin\", \"humatin\", \"humycin\", \"hydroxymycin\", \"hydroxymycin sulfate\", \"monomycin\", \"monomycin a\", \"neomycin e\", \"paramomycin\", \"paramomycin sulfate\", \"paromomicina\", \"paromomycin\", \"paromomycin i\", \"paromomycine\", \"paromomycinum\", \"paucimycin\", \"paucimycinum\", \"quintomycin c\")" "character(0)"
"PAZ" 65957 "Pazufloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA18" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"pazufloxacin\", \"pazufloxacine\", \"pazufloxacino\", \"pazufloxacinum\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"PEF" 51081 "Pefloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA03" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"pefl\")" "c(\"abactal\", \"labocton\", \"pefloxacin\", \"pefloxacine\", \"pefloxacino\", \"pefloxacinum\", \"perfloxacin\", \"silver pefloxacin\")" 0.8 "g" 0.8 "g" "3906-5"
"PNM" 10250769 "Penamecillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE06" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"hydroxymethyl\", \"penamecilina\", \"penamecillin\", \"penamecillina\", \"penamecilline\", \"penamecillinum\")" 1.05 "g" "character(0)"
"PNO" "Penicillin/novobiocin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"PSU" "Penicillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"PNM1" 54686187 "Penimepicycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA10" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"duamine\", \"hydrocycline\", \"penetracyne\", \"penimepiciclina\", \"penimepicycline\", \"penimepicyclinum\")" "character(0)"
"PIM" 65453 "Pentisomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"pentisomicin\", \"pentisomicina\", \"pentisomicine\", \"pentisomicinum\")" "character(0)"
"PTZ" 55250256 "Pentizidone" "Other antibacterials" "" "" ""
"PEX" 16132253 "Pexiganan" "Other antibacterials" "" "pexiganan" "character(0)"
"PHE" 272833 "Phenethicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE05" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "c(\"\", \"fene\")" "c(\"feneticilina\", \"feneticillina\", \"feneticilline\", \"k phenethicillin\", \"phenethicilin\", \"phenethicillinum\", \"pheneticillin\", \"pheneticilline\", \"pheneticillinum\", \"phenoxy pc\", \"potassium penicillin\")" 1 "g" "41471-4"
"PHN" 6869 "Phenoxymethylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "c(\"fepe\", \"peni v\", \"penicillin v\", \"pnv\", \"pv\")" "c(\"acipen v\", \"apocillin\", \"apopen\", \"beromycin\", \"calcipen\", \"compocillin v\", \"crystapen v\", \"distaquaine v\", \"eskacillian v\", \"eskacillin v\", \"fenacilin\", \"fenospen\", \"meropenin\", \"oracillin\", \"oratren\", \"penicillin v\", \"phenocillin\", \"phenomycilline\", \"phenopenicillin\", \"robicillin\", \"rocilin\", \"stabicillin\", \"vebecillin\", \"veetids\", \"vegacillin\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PMR" 5284447 "Pimaricin (Natamycin)" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"delvocid\", \"mycophyt\", \"myprozine\", \"natacyn\", \"natamicina\", \"natamycin\", \"natamycine\", \"natamycinum\", \"pimafucin\", \"pimaracin\", \"pimarizin\", \"synogil\", \"tennecetin\")" "character(0)"
"PPA" 4831 "Pipemidic acid" "Quinolones" "J01MB04" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "c(\"pipz\", \"pizu\")" "c(\"acide pipemidique\", \"acido pipemidico\", \"acidum pipemidicum\", \"deblaston\", \"dolcol\", \"pipedac\", \"pipemid\", \"pipemidic\", \"pipemidic acid\", \"pipemidicacid\", \"pipram\", \"uromidin\")" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"PIP" 43672 "Piperacillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA12" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"pi\", \"pip\", \"pipc\", \"pipe\", \"pp\")" "c(\"isipen\", \"pentcillin\", \"peperacillin\", \"peracin\", \"piperacilina\", \"piperacillin\", \"piperacillin na\", \"piperacillin sodium\", \"piperacilline\", \"piperacillinum\", \"pipercillin\", \"pipracil\", \"pipril\")" 14 "g" "c(\"25268-4\", \"3972-7\")"
"PIS" "Piperacillin/sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "" ""
"TZP" 461573 "Piperacillin/tazobactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CR05" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"p/t\", \"piptaz\", \"piptazo\", \"pit\", \"pita\", \"pt\", \"ptc\", \"ptz\", \"tzp\")" "c(\"\", \"tazocel\", \"tazocillin\", \"tazocin\", \"zosyn\")" 14 "g" "character(0)"
"PRC" 71978 "Piridicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "piridicillin" "character(0)"
"PRL" 157385 "Pirlimycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"pirlimycin\", \"pirlimycina\", \"pirlimycine\", \"pirlimycinum\", \"pirsue\")" "character(0)"
"PIR" 4855 "Piromidic acid" "Quinolones" "J01MB03" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"acide piromidique\", \"acido piromidico\", \"acidum piromidicum\", \"actrun c\", \"bactramyl\", \"enterol\", \"gastrurol\", \"panacid\", \"pirodal\", \"piromidic acid\", \"pyrido\", \"reelon\", \"septural\", \"urisept\", \"uropir\", \"zaomeal\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PVM" 33478 "Pivampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"berocillin\", \"pivaloylampicillin\", \"pivampicilina\", \"pivampicillin\", \"pivampicilline\", \"pivampicillinum\", \"pondocillin\")" 1.05 "g" "character(0)"
"PME" 115163 "Pivmecillinam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA08" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"amdinocillin pivoxil\", \"coactabs\", \"hydroxymethyl\", \"pivmecilinamo\", \"pivmecillinam\", \"pivmecillinam hcl\", \"pivmecillinamum\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"PLZ" 42613186 "Plazomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB14" "" "plazomicin" "92024-9"
"PLB" 49800004 "Polymyxin B" "Polymyxins" "c(\"A07AA05\", \"J01XB02\", \"S01AA18\", \"S02AA11\", \"S03AA03\")" "Other antibacterials" "Polymyxins" "c(\"pb\", \"pol\", \"polb\", \"poly\", \"poly b\", \"polymixin\", \"polymixin b\")" "c(\"polimixina b\", \"polumyxin b\", \"polymixin b\", \"polymyxine b\")" 0.15 "g" "c(\"17473-0\", \"25269-2\")"
"POP" "Polymyxin B/polysorbate 80" "Polymyxins" "" "" ""
"POS" 468595 "Posaconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC04" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "posa" "c(\"noxafil\", \"posaconazole\", \"posaconazole sp\", \"posconazole\")" 0.3 "g" 0.3 "g" "c(\"53731-6\", \"80545-7\")"
"PRA" 9802884 "Pradofloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "pradofloxacin" "character(0)"
"PRX" 71455 "Premafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "premafloxacin" "character(0)"
"PMD" 456199 "Pretomanid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK08" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"PRM" 6446787 "Primycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"PRI" 11979535 "Pristinamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FG01" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Streptogramins" "c(\"\", \"pris\")" "c(\"eskalin v\", \"mikamycin\", \"mikamycine\", \"mikamycinum\", \"ostreogrycinum\", \"pristinamycine\", \"pristinamycinum\", \"stafac\", \"stafytracine\", \"staphylomycin\", \"starfac\", \"streptogramin\", \"vernamycin\", \"virgimycin\", \"virgimycine\", \"virginiamycina\", \"virginiamycine\", \"virginiamycinum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"PRB" 5903 "Procaine benzylpenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE09" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"depocillin\", \"duphapen\", \"hostacillin\", \"hydracillin\", \"jenacillin o\", \"nopcaine\", \"penicillin procaine\", \"retardillin\", \"vetspen\", \"vitablend\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"PRP" 92879 "Propicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CE03" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins" "" "c(\"propicilina\", \"propicillin\", \"propicilline\", \"propicillinum\")" 0.9 "g" "character(0)"
"PKA" 9872451 "Propikacin" "Aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"propikacin\", \"propikacina\", \"propikacine\", \"propikacinum\")" "character(0)"
"PTH" 666418 "Prothionamide" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AD01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Thiocarbamide derivatives" "prot" "c(\"ektebin\", \"peteha\", \"prothionamide\", \"prothionamidum\", \"protion\", \"protionamid\", \"protionamida\", \"protionamide\", \"protionamidum\", \"protionizina\", \"tebeform\", \"trevintix\", \"tuberex\")" 0.75 "g" "character(0)"
"PRU" 65947 "Prulifloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA17" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"prulifloxacin\", \"pruvel\", \"pufloxacin dioxolil\", \"quisnon\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"PZA" 1046 "Pyrazinamide" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "pyra" "c(\"aldinamid\", \"aldinamide\", \"braccopiral\", \"corsazinmid\", \"dipimide\", \"eprazin\", \"farmizina\", \"isopas\", \"lynamide\", \"novamid\", \"p ezetamid\", \"pezetamid\", \"pharozinamide\", \"piraldina\", \"pirazimida\", \"pirazinamid\", \"pirazinamida\", \"pirazinamide\", \"prazina\", \"pyrafat\", \"pyramide\", \"pyrazide\", \"pyrazinamdie\", \"pyrazinamid\", \"pyrazinamide\", \"pyrazinamidum\", \"pyrazine carboxamide\", \"pyrazineamide\", \"pyrizinamide\", \"rifafour\", \"rozide\", \"tebrazid\", \"tebrazio\", \"tisamid\", \"unipyranamide\", \"zinamide\", \"zinastat\"
)" 1.5 "g" "c(\"11001-5\", \"25270-0\")"
"QDA" "J01FG02" 11979418 "Quinupristin/dalfopristin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Streptogramins" "c(\"q/d\", \"qda\", \"qida\", \"quda\", \"rp\", \"syn\")" "" 1.5 "g" ""
"RAC" 56052 "Ractopamine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"ractopamina\", \"ractopamine\", \"ractopaminum\")" "character(0)"
"RAM" 16132338 "Ramoplanin" "Glycopeptides" "" "ramoplanin" "character(0)"
"RZM" 10993211 "Razupenem" "Carbapenems" "" "razupenem" "character(0)"
"RTP" "D06AX13" 6918462 "Retapamulin" "Other antibacterials" "Antibiotics for topical use" "Other antibiotics for topical use" "" "c(\"altabax\", \"altargo\", \"retapamulin\")" "character(0)"
"RBC" "J02AC05" 44631912 "Ribociclib" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "ribo" "c(\"kisqali\", \"ribociclib\")" 0.2 0.2 "character(0)"
"RST" "J01GB10" 33042 "Ribostamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"dekamycin iv\", \"hetangmycin\", \"ribastamin\", \"ribostamicina\", \"ribostamycin\", \"ribostamycine\", \"ribostamycinum\", \"vistamycin\", \"xylostatin\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"RID1" 16659285 "Ridinilazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "ridinilazole" "character(0)"
"RIB" "J04AB04" 135398743 "Rifabutin" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "rifb" "c(\"alfacid\", \"ansamicin\", \"ansamycin\", \"ansatipin\", \"ansatipine\", \"mycobutin\", \"rifabutin\", \"rifabutina\", \"rifabutine\", \"rifabutinum\")" 0.15 "g" "24032-5"
"RIF" "J04AB02" 135398735 "Rifampicin" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "rifa" "c(\"abrifam\", \"archidyn\", \"arficin\", \"arzide\", \"azt + rifampin\", \"benemicin\", \"benemycin\", \"dipicin\", \"doloresum\", \"eremfat\", \"famcin\", \"fenampicin\", \"rifadin\", \"rifadin i.v\", \"rifadin i.v.\", \"rifadine\", \"rifagen\", \"rifaldazin\", \"rifaldazine\", \"rifaldin\", \"rifamate\", \"rifamicin amp\", \"rifamor\", \"rifampicin\", \"rifampicin sv\", \"rifampicina\", \"rifampicine\", \"rifampicinum\", \"rifampin\", \"rifamsolin\", \"rifamycin amp\", \"rifaprodin\", \"rifcin\", \"rifobac\", \"rifoldin\", \"rifoldine\", \"riforal\", \"rimactan\", \"rimactane\",
"QDA" 11979418 "Quinupristin/dalfopristin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FG02" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Streptogramins" "c(\"q/d\", \"qda\", \"qida\", \"quda\", \"rp\", \"syn\")" "" 1.5 "g" ""
"RAC" 56052 "Ractopamine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"ractopamina\", \"ractopamine\", \"ractopaminum\")" "character(0)"
"RAM" 16132338 "Ramoplanin" "Glycopeptides" "" "ramoplanin" "character(0)"
"RZM" 10993211 "Razupenem" "Carbapenems" "" "razupenem" "character(0)"
"RTP" 6918462 "Retapamulin" "Other antibacterials" "D06AX13" "Antibiotics for topical use" "Other antibiotics for topical use" "" "c(\"altabax\", \"altargo\", \"retapamulin\")" "character(0)"
"RBC" 44631912 "Ribociclib" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "L01EF02" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "ribo" "c(\"kisqali\", \"ribociclib\")" 0.2 0.2 "character(0)"
"RST" 33042 "Ribostamycin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB10" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "" "c(\"dekamycin iv\", \"hetangmycin\", \"ribastamin\", \"ribostamicina\", \"ribostamycin\", \"ribostamycine\", \"ribostamycinum\", \"vistamycin\", \"xylostatin\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"RID1" 16659285 "Ridinilazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "ridinilazole" "character(0)"
"RIB" 135398743 "Rifabutin" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AB04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "rifb" "c(\"alfacid\", \"ansamicin\", \"ansamycin\", \"ansatipin\", \"ansatipine\", \"mycobutin\", \"rifabutin\", \"rifabutina\", \"rifabutine\", \"rifabutinum\")" 0.15 "g" "24032-5"
"RIF" 135398735 "Rifampicin" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AB02" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "rifa" "c(\"abrifam\", \"archidyn\", \"arficin\", \"arzide\", \"azt + rifampin\", \"benemicin\", \"benemycin\", \"dipicin\", \"doloresum\", \"eremfat\", \"famcin\", \"fenampicin\", \"rifadin\", \"rifadin i.v\", \"rifadin i.v.\", \"rifadine\", \"rifagen\", \"rifaldazin\", \"rifaldazine\", \"rifaldin\", \"rifamate\", \"rifamicin amp\", \"rifamor\", \"rifampicin\", \"rifampicin sv\", \"rifampicina\", \"rifampicine\", \"rifampicinum\", \"rifampin\", \"rifamsolin\", \"rifamycin amp\", \"rifaprodin\", \"rifcin\", \"rifobac\", \"rifoldin\", \"rifoldine\", \"riforal\", \"rimactan\", \"rimactane\",
\"rimactizid\", \"rimazid\", \"rimycin\", \"sinerdol\", \"tubocin\")" 0.6 "g" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"RFI" "J04AM02" "Rifampicin/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "c(\"rifinah\", \"rimactazid\")" "character(0)"
"RPEI" "J04AM06" "Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/ethambutol/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"RPI" "J04AM05" "Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"RFM" "J04AB03" 6324616 "Rifamycin" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "" "c(\"aemcolo\", \"rifacin\", \"rifamicina\", \"rifamicine sv\", \"rifamycin\", \"rifamycine\", \"rifamycinum\", \"rifocin\", \"rifocyn\", \"rifomycin\", \"rifomycin sv\", \"tuborin\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"RFP" "J04AB05" 135403821 "Rifapentine" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "rifp" "c(\"cyclopentyl rifampin\", \"priftin\", \"rifapentin\", \"rifapentina\", \"rifapentine\", \"rifapentinum\")" 0.11 "g" "character(0)"
"RFX" "A07AA11" 6436173 "Rifaximin" "Other antibacterials" "Intestinal antiinfectives" "Antibiotics" "" "c(\"fatroximin\", \"flonorm\", \"lormyx\", \"lumenax\", \"normix\", \"redactiv\", \"rifacol\", \"rifamixin\", \"rifaxidin\", \"rifaximin\", \"rifaximina\", \"rifaximine\", \"rifaximinum\", \"rifaxin\", \"ritacol\", \"spiraxin\", \"xifaxan\", \"xifaxsan\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"RIT" 65633 "Ritipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "ritipenem" "character(0)"
"RIA" 163692 "Ritipenem acoxil" "Carbapenems" "" "ritipenem acoxil" "character(0)"
"ROK" "J01FA12" 5282211 "Rokitamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"propionylleucomycin\", \"ricamycin\", \"rokicid\", \"rokital\", \"rokitamicina\", \"rokitamycin\", \"rokitamycine\", \"rokitamycinum\")" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"RLT" "J01AA09" 54682938 "Rolitetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bristacin\", \"kinteto\", \"reverin\", \"rolitetraciclina\", \"rolitetracycline\", \"rolitetracyclinum\", \"solvocillin\", \"superciclin\", \"synotodecin\", \"synterin\", \"syntetrex\", \"syntetrin\", \"velacicline\", \"velacycline\")" 0.35 "g" "character(0)"
"ROS" "J01MB01" 287180 "Rosoxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"acrosoxacin\", \"eracine\", \"eradacil\", \"eradacin\", \"rosoxacin\", \"rosoxacine\", \"rosoxacino\", \"rosoxacinum\", \"roxadyl\", \"winuron\")" 0.3 "g" "character(0)"
"RXT" "J01FA06" "Roxithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "roxi" "" 0.3 "g" ""
"RFL" "J01MA10" 58258 "Rufloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"rufloxacin\", \"rufloxacin hcl\", \"rufloxacine\", \"rufloxacino\", \"rufloxacinum\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"SAL" 3085092 "Salinomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"coxistac\", \"procoxacin\", \"salinomicina\", \"salinomycin\", \"salinomycine\", \"salinomycinum\")" "87593-0"
"SAR" 56208 "Sarafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"difloxacine\", \"difloxacino\", \"difloxacinum\", \"saraflox\", \"sarafloxacin\", \"sarafloxacine\", \"sarafloxacino\", \"sarafloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"SRX" 9933415 "Sarmoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "sarmoxicillin" "character(0)"
"SEC" 71815 "Secnidazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"flagentyl\", \"secnidal\", \"secnidazol\", \"secnidazole\", \"secnidazolum\", \"secnil\", \"sindose\", \"solosec\")" "character(0)"
"SMF" "J04AK05" "Simvastatin/fenofibrate" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "simv" "" 86 ""
"SIS" "J01GB08" 36119 "Sisomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "siso" "c(\"rickamicin\", \"salvamina\", \"siseptin sulfate\", \"sisomicin\", \"sisomicin sulfate\", \"sisomicina\", \"sisomicine\", \"sisomicinum\", \"sisomin\", \"sisomycin\", \"sissomicin\", \"sizomycin\")" 0.24 "g" "character(0)"
"SIT" 461399 "Sitafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"gracevit\", \"sitafloxacinisomer\")" "character(0)"
"SDA" "J04AA02" 2724368 "Sodium aminosalicylate" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "c(\"bactylan\", \"decapasil\", \"lepasen\", \"monopas\", \"nippas\", \"p.a.s. sodium\", \"pamisyl sodium\", \"parasal sodium\", \"pas sodium\", \"pasade\", \"pasnal\", \"passodico\", \"salvis\", \"sanipirol\", \"sodiopas\", \"sodium p.a.s\", \"sodium pas\", \"teebacin\", \"tubersan\")" 14 "g" 14 "g" "character(0)"
"SOL" 25242512 "Solithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"SPX" "J01MA09" 60464 "Sparfloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"spa\", \"spar\")" "c(\"esparfloxacino\", \"sparfloxacin\", \"sparfloxacine\", \"sparfloxacinum\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"SPT" "J01XX04" 15541 "Spectinomycin" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"sc\", \"spe\", \"spec\", \"spt\")" "c(\"actinospectacina\", \"adspec\", \"espectinomicina\", \"prospec\", \"specitinomycin\", \"spectam\", \"spectinomicina\", \"spectinomycin\", \"spectinomycin di hcl\", \"spectinomycine\", \"spectinomycinum\", \"stanilo\", \"togamycin\", \"trobicin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"SPI" "J01FA02" 6419898 "Spiramycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"\", \"spir\")" "c(\"espiramicin\", \"provamycin\", \"rovamycin\", \"rovamycine\", \"sequamycin\", \"spiramycine\", \"spiramycinum\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"SPM" "J01RA04" "Spiramycin/metronidazole" "Other antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "" "" ""
"STR" "J01GA02" "Streptoduocin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Streptomycins" "" "" 1 "g" ""
"STR1" "J01GA01" 19649 "Streptomycin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Streptomycins" "c(\"s\", \"stm\", \"str\", \"stre\")" "c(\"agrept\", \"agrimycin\", \"chemform\", \"estreptomicina\", \"neodiestreptopab\", \"strepcen\", \"streptomicina\", \"streptomycin\", \"streptomycin a\", \"streptomycin spx\", \"streptomycin sulfate\", \"streptomycine\", \"streptomyzin\", \"vetstrep\")" 1 "g" "4039-4"
"STH" "Streptomycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"s_h\", \"sthl\", \"strepto high\", \"streptomycin high\")" "" ""
"STI" "J04AM01" "Streptomycin/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"SUL" "J01CG01" 130313 "Sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase inhibitors" "" "c(\"betamaze\", \"sulbactam\", \"sulbactam acid\", \"sulbactam free acid\", \"sulbactamum\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"SBC" "J01CA16" 20055036 "Sulbenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"kedacillina\", \"sulbenicilina\", \"sulbenicilline\", \"sulbenicillinum\")" 15 "g" "character(0)"
"SUC" 5318 "Sulconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"sulconazol\", \"sulconazole\", \"sulconazolum\")" "character(0)"
"SUP" 6634 "Sulfachlorpyridazine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cluricol\", \"cosulid\", \"cosumix\", \"durasulf\", \"nefrosul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"prinzone vet\", \"prinzone vet.\", \"solfaclorpiridazina\", \"sonilyn\", \"sulfachlorpyridazine\", \"sulfacloropiridazina\", \"vetisulid\")" "character(0)"
"SDI" "J01EC02" 5215 "Sulfadiazine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Intermediate-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"adiazin\", \"adiazine\", \"cocodiazine\", \"codiazine\", \"cremodiazine\", \"cremotres\", \"debenal\", \"deltazina\", \"diazin\", \"diazolone\", \"diazovit\", \"diazyl\", \"eskadiazine\", \"honey diazine\", \"liquadiazine\", \"microsulfon\", \"neazine\", \"neotrizine\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"palatrize\", \"piridisir\", \"pirimal\", \"pyrimal\", \"quadetts\", \"quadramoid\", \"sanodiazine\", \"sildaflo\", \"silvadene\", \"solfadiazina\", \"spofadrizine\", \"sterazine\", \"sulfacombin\", \"sulfadiazene\", \"sulfadiazin\", \"sulfadiazina\", \"sulfadiazine\", \"sulfadiazinum\",
"RFI" "Rifampicin/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AM02" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "c(\"rifinah\", \"rimactazid\")" "character(0)"
"RPEI" "Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/ethambutol/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AM06" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"RPI" "Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AM05" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"RFM" 6324616 "Rifamycin" "Antimycobacterials" "c(\"A07AA13\", \"D06AX15\", \"J04AB03\", \"S01AA16\", \"S02AA12\")" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "" "c(\"aemcolo\", \"rifacin\", \"rifamicina\", \"rifamicine sv\", \"rifamycin\", \"rifamycine\", \"rifamycinum\", \"rifocin\", \"rifocyn\", \"rifomycin\", \"rifomycin sv\", \"tuborin\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"RFP" 135403821 "Rifapentine" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AB05" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Antibiotics" "rifp" "c(\"cyclopentyl rifampin\", \"priftin\", \"rifapentin\", \"rifapentina\", \"rifapentine\", \"rifapentinum\")" 0.11 "g" "character(0)"
"RFX" 6436173 "Rifaximin" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"A07AA11\", \"D06AX11\")" "Intestinal antiinfectives" "Antibiotics" "" "c(\"fatroximin\", \"flonorm\", \"lormyx\", \"lumenax\", \"normix\", \"redactiv\", \"rifacol\", \"rifamixin\", \"rifaxidin\", \"rifaximin\", \"rifaximina\", \"rifaximine\", \"rifaximinum\", \"rifaxin\", \"ritacol\", \"spiraxin\", \"xifaxan\", \"xifaxsan\")" 0.6 "g" "character(0)"
"RIT" 65633 "Ritipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "ritipenem" "character(0)"
"RIA" 163692 "Ritipenem acoxil" "Carbapenems" "" "ritipenem acoxil" "character(0)"
"ROK" 5282211 "Rokitamycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA12" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"propionylleucomycin\", \"ricamycin\", \"rokicid\", \"rokital\", \"rokitamicina\", \"rokitamycin\", \"rokitamycine\", \"rokitamycinum\")" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"RLT" 54682938 "Rolitetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA09" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "" "c(\"bristacin\", \"kinteto\", \"reverin\", \"rolitetraciclina\", \"rolitetracycline\", \"rolitetracyclinum\", \"solvocillin\", \"superciclin\", \"synotodecin\", \"synterin\", \"syntetrex\", \"syntetrin\", \"velacicline\", \"velacycline\")" 0.35 "g" "character(0)"
"ROS" 287180 "Rosoxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MB01" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Other quinolones" "" "c(\"acrosoxacin\", \"eracine\", \"eradacil\", \"eradacin\", \"rosoxacin\", \"rosoxacine\", \"rosoxacino\", \"rosoxacinum\", \"roxadyl\", \"winuron\")" 0.3 "g" "character(0)"
"RXT" "Roxithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA06" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "roxi" "" 0.3 "g" ""
"RFL" 58258 "Rufloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA10" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "" "c(\"rufloxacin\", \"rufloxacin hcl\", \"rufloxacine\", \"rufloxacino\", \"rufloxacinum\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"SAL" 3085092 "Salinomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"coxistac\", \"procoxacin\", \"salinomicina\", \"salinomycin\", \"salinomycine\", \"salinomycinum\")" "87593-0"
"SAR" 56208 "Sarafloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"difloxacine\", \"difloxacino\", \"difloxacinum\", \"saraflox\", \"sarafloxacin\", \"sarafloxacine\", \"sarafloxacino\", \"sarafloxacinum\")" "character(0)"
"SRX" 9933415 "Sarmoxicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "" "sarmoxicillin" "character(0)"
"SEC" 71815 "Secnidazole" "Other antibacterials" "P01AB07" "" "c(\"flagentyl\", \"secnidal\", \"secnidazol\", \"secnidazole\", \"secnidazolum\", \"secnil\", \"sindose\", \"solosec\")" "character(0)"
"SMF" "Simvastatin/fenofibrate" "Antimycobacterials" "C10BA04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "simv" "" 86 ""
"SIS" 36119 "Sisomicin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GB08" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "siso" "c(\"rickamicin\", \"salvamina\", \"siseptin sulfate\", \"sisomicin\", \"sisomicin sulfate\", \"sisomicina\", \"sisomicine\", \"sisomicinum\", \"sisomin\", \"sisomycin\", \"sissomicin\", \"sizomycin\")" 0.24 "g" "character(0)"
"SIT" 461399 "Sitafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA21" "" "c(\"gracevit\", \"sitafloxacinisomer\")" "character(0)"
"SDA" 2724368 "Sodium aminosalicylate" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AA02" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Aminosalicylic acid and derivatives" "" "c(\"bactylan\", \"decapasil\", \"lepasen\", \"monopas\", \"nippas\", \"p.a.s. sodium\", \"pamisyl sodium\", \"parasal sodium\", \"pas sodium\", \"pasade\", \"pasnal\", \"passodico\", \"salvis\", \"sanipirol\", \"sodiopas\", \"sodium p.a.s\", \"sodium pas\", \"teebacin\", \"tubersan\")" 14 "g" 14 "g" "character(0)"
"SOL" 25242512 "Solithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA16" "" "" ""
"SPX" 60464 "Sparfloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA09" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"spa\", \"spar\")" "c(\"esparfloxacino\", \"sparfloxacin\", \"sparfloxacine\", \"sparfloxacinum\")" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"SPT" 15541 "Spectinomycin" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX04" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"sc\", \"spe\", \"spec\", \"spt\")" "c(\"actinospectacina\", \"adspec\", \"espectinomicina\", \"prospec\", \"specitinomycin\", \"spectam\", \"spectinomicina\", \"spectinomycin\", \"spectinomycin di hcl\", \"spectinomycine\", \"spectinomycinum\", \"stanilo\", \"togamycin\", \"trobicin\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"SPI" 6419898 "Spiramycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA02" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"\", \"spir\")" "c(\"espiramicin\", \"provamycin\", \"rovamycin\", \"rovamycine\", \"sequamycin\", \"spiramycine\", \"spiramycinum\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"SPM" "Spiramycin/metronidazole" "Other antibacterials" "J01RA04" "Combinations of antibacterials" "Combinations of antibacterials" "" "" ""
"STR" "Streptoduocin" "Aminoglycosides" "J01GA02" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Streptomycins" "" "" 1 "g" ""
"STR1" 19649 "Streptomycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"A07AA04\", \"J01GA01\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Streptomycins" "c(\"s\", \"stm\", \"str\", \"stre\")" "c(\"agrept\", \"agrimycin\", \"chemform\", \"estreptomicina\", \"neodiestreptopab\", \"strepcen\", \"streptomicina\", \"streptomycin\", \"streptomycin a\", \"streptomycin spx\", \"streptomycin sulfate\", \"streptomycine\", \"streptomyzin\", \"vetstrep\")" 1 "g" "4039-4"
"STH" "Streptomycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"s_h\", \"sthl\", \"strepto high\", \"streptomycin high\")" "" ""
"STI" "Streptomycin/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AM01" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"SUL" 130313 "Sulbactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CG01" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase inhibitors" "" "c(\"betamaze\", \"sulbactam\", \"sulbactam acid\", \"sulbactam free acid\", \"sulbactamum\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"SBC" 20055036 "Sulbenicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA16" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"kedacillina\", \"sulbenicilina\", \"sulbenicilline\", \"sulbenicillinum\")" 15 "g" "character(0)"
"SUC" 5318 "Sulconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "D01AC09" "" "c(\"sulconazol\", \"sulconazole\", \"sulconazolum\")" "character(0)"
"SUP" 6634 "Sulfachlorpyridazine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cluricol\", \"cosulid\", \"cosumix\", \"durasulf\", \"nefrosul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"prinzone vet\", \"prinzone vet.\", \"solfaclorpiridazina\", \"sonilyn\", \"sulfachlorpyridazine\", \"sulfacloropiridazina\", \"vetisulid\")" "character(0)"
"SDI" 5215 "Sulfadiazine" "Trimethoprims" "J01EC02" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Intermediate-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"adiazin\", \"adiazine\", \"cocodiazine\", \"codiazine\", \"cremodiazine\", \"cremotres\", \"debenal\", \"deltazina\", \"diazin\", \"diazolone\", \"diazovit\", \"diazyl\", \"eskadiazine\", \"honey diazine\", \"liquadiazine\", \"microsulfon\", \"neazine\", \"neotrizine\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"palatrize\", \"piridisir\", \"pirimal\", \"pyrimal\", \"quadetts\", \"quadramoid\", \"sanodiazine\", \"sildaflo\", \"silvadene\", \"solfadiazina\", \"spofadrizine\", \"sterazine\", \"sulfacombin\", \"sulfadiazene\", \"sulfadiazin\", \"sulfadiazina\", \"sulfadiazine\", \"sulfadiazinum\",
\"sulfapirimidin\", \"sulfapyrimidin\", \"sulfapyrimidine\", \"sulfatryl\", \"sulfazine\", \"sulfolex\", \"sulfonamides duplex\", \"sulfonsol\", \"sulfose\", \"sulphadiazine\", \"sulphadiazine e\", \"terfonyl\", \"theradiazine\", \"thermazene\", \"trifonamide\", \"triple sulfa\", \"triple sulfas\", \"trisem\", \"truozine\", \"zinc sulfadiazine\")" 0.6 "g" "c(\"27216-1\", \"59742-7\", \"6907-0\")"
"SLT" "J01EE06" 122284 "Sulfadiazine/tetroxoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SLT1" "J01EE02" 64932 "Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "c(\"antastmon\", \"cotrimazine\", \"diaziprim forte\", \"ditrim\", \"ditrivet\", \"sultrisan\", \"triglobe\", \"trimin\", \"tucoprim\", \"uniprim\")" "character(0)"
"SUD" "J01ED01" 5323 "Sulfadimethoxine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"agribon\", \"arnosulfan\", \"bactrovet\", \"deposul\", \"diasulfa\", \"diasulfyl\", \"dimetazina\", \"dinosol\", \"dorisul\", \"lasibon\", \"madribon\", \"madrigid\", \"madriqid\", \"madroxin\", \"madroxine\", \"maxulvet\", \"mecozine\", \"memcozine\", \"metoxidon\", \"neostrepal\", \"neostreptal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"omnibon\", \"persulfen\", \"primor\", \"radonin\", \"redifal\", \"rofenaid\", \"roscosulf\", \"scandisil\", \"solfadimetossina\", \"sudine\", \"suldixine\", \"sulfabon\", \"sulfadimethoxin\", \"sulfadimethoxine\", \"sulfadimethoxinum\", \"sulfadimetossina\",
"SLT" 122284 "Sulfadiazine/tetroxoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EE06" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SLT1" 64932 "Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EE02" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "c(\"antastmon\", \"cotrimazine\", \"diaziprim forte\", \"ditrim\", \"ditrivet\", \"sultrisan\", \"triglobe\", \"trimin\", \"tucoprim\", \"uniprim\")" "character(0)"
"SUD" 5323 "Sulfadimethoxine" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED01" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"agribon\", \"arnosulfan\", \"bactrovet\", \"deposul\", \"diasulfa\", \"diasulfyl\", \"dimetazina\", \"dinosol\", \"dorisul\", \"lasibon\", \"madribon\", \"madrigid\", \"madriqid\", \"madroxin\", \"madroxine\", \"maxulvet\", \"mecozine\", \"memcozine\", \"metoxidon\", \"neostrepal\", \"neostreptal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"omnibon\", \"persulfen\", \"primor\", \"radonin\", \"redifal\", \"rofenaid\", \"roscosulf\", \"scandisil\", \"solfadimetossina\", \"sudine\", \"suldixine\", \"sulfabon\", \"sulfadimethoxin\", \"sulfadimethoxine\", \"sulfadimethoxinum\", \"sulfadimetossina\",
\"sulfadimetoxin\", \"sulfadimetoxina\", \"sulfadimetoxine\", \"sulfastop\", \"sulfdimethoxine\", \"sulfoplan\", \"sulphadimethoxine\", \"sulxin\", \"sumbio\", \"symbio\", \"theracanzan\", \"ultrasulfon\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SDM" "J01EB03" 5327 "Sulfadimidine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"azolmetazin\", \"benzene sulfonamide\", \"calfspan\", \"calfspan tablets\", \"cremomethazine\", \"diazil\", \"diazilsulfadine\", \"dimezathine\", \"intradine\", \"kelametazine\", \"mermeth\", \"metazin\", \"neasina\", \"neazina\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"panazin\", \"pirmazin\", \"primazin\", \"sa iii\", \"solfadimidina\", \"spanbolet\", \"sulfadimerazine\", \"sulfadimesin\", \"sulfadimesine\", \"sulfadimethyldiazine\", \"sulfadimezin\", \"sulfadimezine\", \"sulfadimezinum\", \"sulfadimidin\", \"sulfadimidina\", \"sulfadimidine\", \"sulfadimidinum\", \"sulfadine\",
"SDM" 5327 "Sulfadimidine" "Trimethoprims" "J01EB03" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"azolmetazin\", \"benzene sulfonamide\", \"calfspan\", \"calfspan tablets\", \"cremomethazine\", \"diazil\", \"diazilsulfadine\", \"dimezathine\", \"intradine\", \"kelametazine\", \"mermeth\", \"metazin\", \"neasina\", \"neazina\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"panazin\", \"pirmazin\", \"primazin\", \"sa iii\", \"solfadimidina\", \"spanbolet\", \"sulfadimerazine\", \"sulfadimesin\", \"sulfadimesine\", \"sulfadimethyldiazine\", \"sulfadimezin\", \"sulfadimezine\", \"sulfadimezinum\", \"sulfadimidin\", \"sulfadimidina\", \"sulfadimidine\", \"sulfadimidinum\", \"sulfadine\",
\"sulfametazina\", \"sulfametazyny\", \"sulfamethazine\", \"sulfamethiazine\", \"sulfamezathine\", \"sulfamidine\", \"sulfasure sr bolus\", \"sulfodimesin\", \"sulfodimezine\", \"sulka k boluses\", \"sulka s boluses\", \"sulmet\", \"sulphadimidine\", \"sulphamethasine\", \"sulphamethazine\", \"sulphamezathine\", \"sulphamidine\", \"sulphodimezine\", \"superseptil\", \"superseptyl\", \"vertolan\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"SLT2" "J01EE05" "Sulfadimidine/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SLF" "J01EB05" 5344 "Sulfafurazole" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "c(\"\", \"sfsz\")" "c(\"accuzole\", \"alphazole\", \"amidoxal\", \"astrazolo\", \"azo gantrisin\", \"azosulfizin\", \"bactesulf\", \"barazae\", \"chemouag\", \"cosoxazole\", \"dorsulfan\", \"dorsulfan warthausen\", \"entusil\", \"entusul\", \"eryzole\", \"gantrisin\", \"gantrisine\", \"gantrisona\", \"gantrizin\", \"gantrosan\", \"isoxamin\", \"neazolin\", \"neoxazoi\", \"neoxazol\", \"novazolo\", \"novosaxazole\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"nsulphanilamide\", \"pancid\", \"pediazole\", \"renosulfan\", \"resoxol\", \"roxosul\", \"roxosul tablets\", \"roxoxol\", \"saxosozine\", \"sodizole\", \"solfafurazolo\",
"SLT2" "Sulfadimidine/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EE05" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SLF" 5344 "Sulfafurazole" "Trimethoprims" "c(\"J01EB05\", \"S01AB02\")" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "c(\"\", \"sfsz\")" "c(\"accuzole\", \"alphazole\", \"amidoxal\", \"astrazolo\", \"azo gantrisin\", \"azosulfizin\", \"bactesulf\", \"barazae\", \"chemouag\", \"cosoxazole\", \"dorsulfan\", \"dorsulfan warthausen\", \"entusil\", \"entusul\", \"eryzole\", \"gantrisin\", \"gantrisine\", \"gantrisona\", \"gantrizin\", \"gantrosan\", \"isoxamin\", \"neazolin\", \"neoxazoi\", \"neoxazol\", \"novazolo\", \"novosaxazole\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"nsulphanilamide\", \"pancid\", \"pediazole\", \"renosulfan\", \"resoxol\", \"roxosul\", \"roxosul tablets\", \"roxoxol\", \"saxosozine\", \"sodizole\", \"solfafurazolo\",
\"soxamide\", \"soxazole\", \"soxisol\", \"soxitabs\", \"soxomide\", \"stansin\", \"sulbio\", \"sulfafuraz ole\", \"sulfafurazol\", \"sulfafurazole\", \"sulfafurazolum\", \"sulfagan\", \"sulfagen\", \"sulfaisoxazole\", \"sulfalar\", \"sulfapolar\", \"sulfasol\", \"sulfasoxazole\", \"sulfasoxizole\", \"sulfazin\", \"sulfisin\", \"sulfisonazole\", \"sulfisoxasole\", \"sulfisoxazol\", \"sulfisoxazole\", \"sulfisoxazolum\", \"sulfizin\", \"sulfizol\", \"sulfizole\", \"sulfofurazole\", \"sulfoxol\", \"suloxsol\", \"sulphafuraz\", \"sulphafurazol\", \"sulphafurazole\", \"sulphafurazolum\",
\"sulphaisoxazole\", \"sulphisoxazol\", \"sulphisoxazole\", \"sulphofurazole\", \"sulsoxin\", \"thiasin\", \"unisulf\", \"urisoxin\", \"uritrisin\", \"urogan\", \"vagilia\")" 4 "g" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF1" "J01EB01" 5343 "Sulfaisodimidine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"aristamid\", \"aristamide\", \"aristogyn\", \"domain\", \"domian\", \"elcosin\", \"elcosine\", \"elkosil\", \"elkosin\", \"elkosine\", \"erycon\", \"isosulf\", \"mefenal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"solfisomidina\", \"sulfadimetine\", \"sulfaisodimerazine\", \"sulfaisodimidine\", \"sulfaisodimidinum\", \"sulfaisomidine\", \"sulfamethin\", \"sulfasomidine\", \"sulfisomidina\", \"sulfisomidine\", \"sulfisomidine sodium\", \"sulfisomidinum\", \"sulphasomidine\")" 4 "g" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF2" "J01ED02" 9047 "Sulfalene" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"dalysep\", \"kelfizin\", \"kelfizina\", \"kelfizine\", \"kelfizine w\", \"longum\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"policydal\", \"polycidal\", \"solfametopirazina\", \"sulfalen\", \"sulfalene\", \"sulfaleno\", \"sulfalenum\", \"sulfamethopyrazine\", \"sulfamethoxypyrazine\", \"sulfametopyrazine\", \"sulfametoxypyridazin\", \"sulphalene\", \"sulphametopyrazine\", \"vetkelfizina\")" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"SZO" "J01ED09" 187764 "Sulfamazone" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"sulfamazon\", \"sulfamazona\", \"sulfamazone\", \"sulfamazonum\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF3" "J01ED07" 5325 "Sulfamerazine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"cremomerazine\", \"kelamerazine\", \"mebacid\", \"mesulfa\", \"methylpyrimal\", \"methylsulfazin\", \"methylsulfazine\", \"metilsulfadiazin\", \"metilsulfazin\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"percoccide\", \"pyralcid\", \"pyrimal m\", \"romezin\", \"septacil\", \"septosyl\", \"solfamerazina\", \"solumedin\", \"sulfameradine\", \"sulfamerazin\", \"sulfamerazina\", \"sulfamerazine\", \"sulfamerazinum\", \"sulfamethyldiazine\", \"sulphamerazine\", \"sumedine\", \"susfamerazine\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"SLT3" "J01EE07" "Sulfamerazine/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SUM" 5327 "Sulfamethazine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"azolmetazin\", \"benzene sulfonamide\", \"calfspan\", \"calfspan tablets\", \"cremomethazine\", \"diazil\", \"diazilsulfadine\", \"dimezathine\", \"intradine\", \"kelametazine\", \"mermeth\", \"metazin\", \"neasina\", \"neazina\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"panazin\", \"pirmazin\", \"primazin\", \"sa iii\", \"solfadimidina\", \"spanbolet\", \"sulfadimerazine\", \"sulfadimesin\", \"sulfadimesine\", \"sulfadimethyldiazine\", \"sulfadimezin\", \"sulfadimezine\", \"sulfadimezinum\", \"sulfadimidin\", \"sulfadimidina\", \"sulfadimidine\", \"sulfadimidinum\", \"sulfadine\",
"SLF1" 5343 "Sulfaisodimidine" "Trimethoprims" "J01EB01" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"aristamid\", \"aristamide\", \"aristogyn\", \"domain\", \"domian\", \"elcosin\", \"elcosine\", \"elkosil\", \"elkosin\", \"elkosine\", \"erycon\", \"isosulf\", \"mefenal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"solfisomidina\", \"sulfadimetine\", \"sulfaisodimerazine\", \"sulfaisodimidine\", \"sulfaisodimidinum\", \"sulfaisomidine\", \"sulfamethin\", \"sulfasomidine\", \"sulfisomidina\", \"sulfisomidine\", \"sulfisomidine sodium\", \"sulfisomidinum\", \"sulphasomidine\")" 4 "g" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF2" 9047 "Sulfalene" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED02" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"dalysep\", \"kelfizin\", \"kelfizina\", \"kelfizine\", \"kelfizine w\", \"longum\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"policydal\", \"polycidal\", \"solfametopirazina\", \"sulfalen\", \"sulfalene\", \"sulfaleno\", \"sulfalenum\", \"sulfamethopyrazine\", \"sulfamethoxypyrazine\", \"sulfametopyrazine\", \"sulfametoxypyridazin\", \"sulphalene\", \"sulphametopyrazine\", \"vetkelfizina\")" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"SZO" 187764 "Sulfamazone" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED09" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"sulfamazon\", \"sulfamazona\", \"sulfamazone\", \"sulfamazonum\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF3" 5325 "Sulfamerazine" "Trimethoprims" "c(\"D06BA06\", \"J01ED07\")" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"cremomerazine\", \"kelamerazine\", \"mebacid\", \"mesulfa\", \"methylpyrimal\", \"methylsulfazin\", \"methylsulfazine\", \"metilsulfadiazin\", \"metilsulfazin\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"percoccide\", \"pyralcid\", \"pyrimal m\", \"romezin\", \"septacil\", \"septosyl\", \"solfamerazina\", \"solumedin\", \"sulfameradine\", \"sulfamerazin\", \"sulfamerazina\", \"sulfamerazine\", \"sulfamerazinum\", \"sulfamethyldiazine\", \"sulphamerazine\", \"sumedine\", \"susfamerazine\")" 3 "g" "character(0)"
"SLT3" "Sulfamerazine/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EE07" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SUM" 5327 "Sulfamethazine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"azolmetazin\", \"benzene sulfonamide\", \"calfspan\", \"calfspan tablets\", \"cremomethazine\", \"diazil\", \"diazilsulfadine\", \"dimezathine\", \"intradine\", \"kelametazine\", \"mermeth\", \"metazin\", \"neasina\", \"neazina\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"panazin\", \"pirmazin\", \"primazin\", \"sa iii\", \"solfadimidina\", \"spanbolet\", \"sulfadimerazine\", \"sulfadimesin\", \"sulfadimesine\", \"sulfadimethyldiazine\", \"sulfadimezin\", \"sulfadimezine\", \"sulfadimezinum\", \"sulfadimidin\", \"sulfadimidina\", \"sulfadimidine\", \"sulfadimidinum\", \"sulfadine\",
\"sulfametazina\", \"sulfametazyny\", \"sulfamethazine\", \"sulfamethiazine\", \"sulfamezathine\", \"sulfamidine\", \"sulfasure sr bolus\", \"sulfodimesin\", \"sulfodimezine\", \"sulka k boluses\", \"sulka s boluses\", \"sulmet\", \"sulphadimidine\", \"sulphamethasine\", \"sulphamethazine\", \"sulphamezathine\", \"sulphamidine\", \"sulphodimezine\", \"superseptil\", \"superseptyl\", \"vertolan\")" "87592-2"
"SLF4" "J01EB02" 5328 "Sulfamethizole" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "c(\"\", \"sfmz\")" "c(\"ayerlucil\", \"lucosil\", \"methazol\", \"microsul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"proklar\", \"renasul\", \"salimol\", \"solfametizolo\", \"sulamethizole\", \"sulfa gram\", \"sulfamethizol\", \"sulfamethizole\", \"sulfamethizolum\", \"sulfametizol\", \"sulfapyelon\", \"sulfstat\", \"sulfurine\", \"sulphamethizole\", \"tetracid\", \"thidicur\", \"thiosulfil\", \"thiosulfil forte\", \"ultrasul\", \"urocydal\", \"urodiaton\", \"urolucosil\", \"urosulfin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"60175-7\", \"60176-5\", \"60177-3\")"
"SMX" "J01EC01" 5329 "Sulfamethoxazole" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Intermediate-acting sulfonamides" "c(\"sfmx\", \"sulf\")" "c(\"azo gantanol\", \"eusaprim\", \"gamazole\", \"gantanol\", \"gantanol ds\", \"metoxal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"nsulphanilamide\", \"radonil\", \"septran\", \"septrin\", \"simsinomin\", \"sinomin\", \"solfametossazolo\", \"sulfamethalazole\", \"sulfamethoxazol\", \"sulfamethoxazole\", \"sulfamethoxazolum\", \"sulfamethoxizole\", \"sulfamethylisoxazole\", \"sulfametoxazol\", \"sulfisomezole\", \"sulphamethalazole\", \"sulphamethoxazol\", \"sulphamethoxazole\", \"sulphisomezole\", \"urobak\")" 2 "g" "c(\"10342-4\", \"25271-8\", \"39772-9\", \"59971-2\", \"59972-0\", \"60333-2\", \"72674-5\", \"80549-9\", \"80974-9\")"
"SLF5" "J01ED05" 5330 "Sulfamethoxypyridazine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"altezol\", \"davosin\", \"depovernil\", \"kineks\", \"lederkyn\", \"lentac\", \"lisulfen\", \"longin\", \"medicel\", \"midicel\", \"midikel\", \"myasul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"opinsul\", \"paramid\", \"paramid supra\", \"petrisul\", \"piridolo\", \"quinoseptyl\", \"retamid\", \"retasulfin\", \"retasulphine\", \"slosul\", \"spofadazine\", \"sulfalex\", \"sulfapyridazine\", \"sulfdurazin\", \"sulfozona\", \"sultirene\", \"vinces\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF6" "J01ED03" 19596 "Sulfametomidine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"duroprocin\", \"methofadin\", \"methofazine\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"solfametomidina\", \"sulfamethomidine\", \"sulfametomidin\", \"sulfametomidina\", \"sulfametomidine\", \"sulfametomidinum\")" "character(0)"
"SLF7" "J01ED04" 5326 "Sulfametoxydiazine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"bayrena\", \"berlicid\", \"dairena\", \"durenat\", \"juvoxin\", \"kinecid\", \"kirocid\", \"longasulf\", \"methoxypyrimal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"solfametossidiazina\", \"sulfameter\", \"sulfamethorine\", \"sulfamethoxine\", \"sulfamethoxydiazin\", \"sulfamethoxydiazine\", \"sulfamethoxydin\", \"sulfamethoxydine\", \"sulfametin\", \"sulfametinum\", \"sulfametorin\", \"sulfametorine\", \"sulfametorinum\", \"sulfametoxidiazina\", \"sulfametoxidine\", \"sulfametoxydiazine\", \"sulfametoxydiazinum\", \"sulphameter\", \"sulphamethoxydiazine\", \"supramid\",
"SLF4" 5328 "Sulfamethizole" "Trimethoprims" "c(\"B05CA04\", \"D06BA04\", \"J01EB02\", \"S01AB01\")" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "c(\"\", \"sfmz\")" "c(\"ayerlucil\", \"lucosil\", \"methazol\", \"microsul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"proklar\", \"renasul\", \"salimol\", \"solfametizolo\", \"sulamethizole\", \"sulfa gram\", \"sulfamethizol\", \"sulfamethizole\", \"sulfamethizolum\", \"sulfametizol\", \"sulfapyelon\", \"sulfstat\", \"sulfurine\", \"sulphamethizole\", \"tetracid\", \"thidicur\", \"thiosulfil\", \"thiosulfil forte\", \"ultrasul\", \"urocydal\", \"urodiaton\", \"urolucosil\", \"urosulfin\")" 4 "g" "c(\"60175-7\", \"60176-5\", \"60177-3\")"
"SMX" 5329 "Sulfamethoxazole" "Trimethoprims" "J01EC01" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Intermediate-acting sulfonamides" "c(\"sfmx\", \"sulf\")" "c(\"azo gantanol\", \"eusaprim\", \"gamazole\", \"gantanol\", \"gantanol ds\", \"metoxal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"nsulphanilamide\", \"radonil\", \"septran\", \"septrin\", \"simsinomin\", \"sinomin\", \"solfametossazolo\", \"sulfamethalazole\", \"sulfamethoxazol\", \"sulfamethoxazole\", \"sulfamethoxazolum\", \"sulfamethoxizole\", \"sulfamethylisoxazole\", \"sulfametoxazol\", \"sulfisomezole\", \"sulphamethalazole\", \"sulphamethoxazol\", \"sulphamethoxazole\", \"sulphisomezole\", \"urobak\")" 2 "g" "c(\"10342-4\", \"25271-8\", \"39772-9\", \"59971-2\", \"59972-0\", \"60333-2\", \"72674-5\", \"80549-9\", \"80974-9\")"
"SLF5" 5330 "Sulfamethoxypyridazine" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED05" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"altezol\", \"davosin\", \"depovernil\", \"kineks\", \"lederkyn\", \"lentac\", \"lisulfen\", \"longin\", \"medicel\", \"midicel\", \"midikel\", \"myasul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"opinsul\", \"paramid\", \"paramid supra\", \"petrisul\", \"piridolo\", \"quinoseptyl\", \"retamid\", \"retasulfin\", \"retasulphine\", \"slosul\", \"spofadazine\", \"sulfalex\", \"sulfapyridazine\", \"sulfdurazin\", \"sulfozona\", \"sultirene\", \"vinces\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF6" 19596 "Sulfametomidine" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED03" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"duroprocin\", \"methofadin\", \"methofazine\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"solfametomidina\", \"sulfamethomidine\", \"sulfametomidin\", \"sulfametomidina\", \"sulfametomidine\", \"sulfametomidinum\")" "character(0)"
"SLF7" 5326 "Sulfametoxydiazine" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED04" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"bayrena\", \"berlicid\", \"dairena\", \"durenat\", \"juvoxin\", \"kinecid\", \"kirocid\", \"longasulf\", \"methoxypyrimal\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"solfametossidiazina\", \"sulfameter\", \"sulfamethorine\", \"sulfamethoxine\", \"sulfamethoxydiazin\", \"sulfamethoxydiazine\", \"sulfamethoxydin\", \"sulfamethoxydine\", \"sulfametin\", \"sulfametinum\", \"sulfametorin\", \"sulfametorine\", \"sulfametorinum\", \"sulfametoxidiazina\", \"sulfametoxidine\", \"sulfametoxydiazine\", \"sulfametoxydiazinum\", \"sulphameter\", \"sulphamethoxydiazine\", \"supramid\",
\"ultrax\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SLT4" "J01EE03" "Sulfametrole/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "c(\"\", \"trsm\")" "" ""
"SLF8" "J01EC03" 12894 "Sulfamoxole" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Intermediate-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"justamil\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"oxasulfa\", \"solfamossolo\", \"sulfadimethyloxazole\", \"sulfamoxol\", \"sulfamoxole\", \"sulfamoxolum\", \"sulfano\", \"sulfavigor\", \"sulfmidil\", \"sulfono\", \"sulfune\", \"sulfuno\", \"sulphamoxole\", \"tardamid\", \"tardamide\")" 1 "g" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"SLT5" "J01EE04" "Sulfamoxole/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SLF9" "J01EB06" 5333 "Sulfanilamide" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"albexan\", \"albosal\", \"ambeside\", \"antistrept\", \"astreptine\", \"astrocid\", \"bacteramid\", \"bactesid\", \"collomide\", \"colsulanyde\", \"copticide\", \"deseptyl\", \"desseptyl\", \"dipron\", \"ergaseptine\", \"erysipan\", \"estreptocida\", \"exoseptoplix\", \"gerison\", \"gombardol\", \"infepan\", \"lysococcine\", \"neococcyl\", \"orgaseptine\", \"prontalbin\", \"prontosil album\", \"prontosil i\", \"prontosil white\", \"prontylin\", \"pronzin album\", \"proseptal\", \"proseptine\", \"proseptol\", \"pysococcine\", \"rubiazol a\", \"sanamid\", \"septamide album\",
"SLT4" "Sulfametrole/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EE03" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "c(\"\", \"trsm\")" "" ""
"SLF8" 12894 "Sulfamoxole" "Trimethoprims" "J01EC03" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Intermediate-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"justamil\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"oxasulfa\", \"solfamossolo\", \"sulfadimethyloxazole\", \"sulfamoxol\", \"sulfamoxole\", \"sulfamoxolum\", \"sulfano\", \"sulfavigor\", \"sulfmidil\", \"sulfono\", \"sulfune\", \"sulfuno\", \"sulphamoxole\", \"tardamid\", \"tardamide\")" 1 "g" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"SLT5" "Sulfamoxole/trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EE04" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "" "" ""
"SLF9" 5333 "Sulfanilamide" "Trimethoprims" "c(\"D06BA05\", \"J01EB06\")" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"albexan\", \"albosal\", \"ambeside\", \"antistrept\", \"astreptine\", \"astrocid\", \"bacteramid\", \"bactesid\", \"collomide\", \"colsulanyde\", \"copticide\", \"deseptyl\", \"desseptyl\", \"dipron\", \"ergaseptine\", \"erysipan\", \"estreptocida\", \"exoseptoplix\", \"gerison\", \"gombardol\", \"infepan\", \"lysococcine\", \"neococcyl\", \"orgaseptine\", \"prontalbin\", \"prontosil album\", \"prontosil i\", \"prontosil white\", \"prontylin\", \"pronzin album\", \"proseptal\", \"proseptine\", \"proseptol\", \"pysococcine\", \"rubiazol a\", \"sanamid\", \"septamide album\",
\"septanilam\", \"septinal\", \"septolix\", \"septoplex\", \"septoplix\", \"solfanilamide\", \"stopton album\", \"stramid\", \"strepamide\", \"strepsan\", \"streptagol\", \"streptamid\", \"streptamin\", \"streptasol\", \"streptocid\", \"streptocid album\", \"streptocide\", \"streptocide white\", \"streptocidum\", \"streptoclase\", \"streptocom\", \"streptol\", \"strepton\", \"streptopan\", \"streptosil\", \"streptozol\", \"streptozone\", \"streptrocide\", \"sulfamidyl\", \"sulfamine\", \"sulfana\", \"sulfanalone\", \"sulfanidyl\", \"sulfanil\", \"sulfanilamida\", \"sulfanilamide\",
\"sulfanilamidum\", \"sulfanilimidic acid\", \"sulfanimide\", \"sulfocidin\", \"sulfocidine\", \"sulfonamide\", \"sulfonamide p\", \"sulfonylamide\", \"sulphanilamide\", \"sulphanilamide gr\", \"sulphonamide\", \"therapol\", \"tolder\", \"white streptocide\", \"wln: zswr dz\")" "character(0)"
"SLF10" "J01ED06" 68933 "Sulfaperin" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"anastaf\", \"archisulfa\", \"avissul\", \"chemiopen\", \"demosulfan\", \"durisan saft\", \"ipersulfidin sirup\", \"isosulfamerazine\", \"methylsulfadiazin\", \"novosul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"orosulfan\", \"pallidin\", \"retardon\", \"risulfasens\", \"sulfaperin\", \"sulfaperina\", \"sulfaperine\", \"sulfaperinum\", \"sulfatreis\", \"sulfopirimidine\", \"sulpenta\", \"ultrasulfon sirup\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF11" "J01ED08" 5335 "Sulfaphenazole" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"depocid\", \"depotsulfonamide\", \"eftolon\", \"firmazolo\", \"inamil\", \"isarol\", \"isarol v\", \"merian\", \"microtan pirazolo\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"orisul\", \"orisulf\", \"paidazolo\", \"phenylsulfapyrazole\", \"plisulfan\", \"raziosulfa\", \"solfafenazolo\", \"sulfabid\", \"sulfafenazol\", \"sulfafenazolo\", \"sulfaphenazol\", \"sulfaphenazole\", \"sulfaphenazolum\", \"sulfaphenazon\", \"sulfaphenylpipazol\", \"sulfaphenylpyrazol\", \"sulfaphenylpyrazole\", \"sulfonylpyrazol\", \"sulphaphenazole\", \"sulphenazole\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF12" "J01EB04" 5336 "Sulfapyridine" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"adiplon\", \"coccoclase\", \"dagenan\", \"eubasin\", \"eubasinum\", \"haptocil\", \"piridazol\", \"plurazol\", \"pyriamid\", \"pyridazol\", \"relbapiridina\", \"septipulmon\", \"solfapiridina\", \"streptosilpyridine\", \"sulfapiridina\", \"sulfapyridin\", \"sulfapyridine\", \"sulfapyridinum\", \"sulfidin\", \"sulfidine\", \"sulphapyridin\", \"sulphapyridine\", \"thioseptal\", \"trianon\")" 1 "g" "c(\"14075-6\", \"55580-5\")"
"SNA" 60582 "Sulfasuccinamide" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"ambesid\", \"derganil\", \"sulfasuccinamid\", \"sulfasuccinamida\", \"sulfasuccinamide\", \"sulfasuccinamidum\")" "character(0)"
"SUT" "J01EB07" 5340 "Sulfathiazole" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"azoquimiol\", \"azoseptale\", \"cerazol\", \"cerazole\", \"chemosept\", \"cibazol\", \"duatok\", \"dulana\", \"eleudron\", \"enterobiocine\", \"estafilol\", \"formosulfathiazole\", \"neostrepsan\", \"norsulfasol\", \"norsulfazol\", \"norsulfazole\", \"norsulfazolum\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"planomide\", \"poliseptil\", \"sanotiazol\", \"septozol\", \"solfatiazolo\", \"streptosilthiazole\", \"sulfamul\", \"sulfathiazol\", \"sulfathiazole\", \"sulfathiazolum\", \"sulfatiazol\", \"sulfavitina\", \"sulfocerol\", \"sulphathiazole\", \"sulzol\", \"thiacoccine\", \"thiasulfol\",
"SLF10" 68933 "Sulfaperin" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED06" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"anastaf\", \"archisulfa\", \"avissul\", \"chemiopen\", \"demosulfan\", \"durisan saft\", \"ipersulfidin sirup\", \"isosulfamerazine\", \"methylsulfadiazin\", \"novosul\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"orosulfan\", \"pallidin\", \"retardon\", \"risulfasens\", \"sulfaperin\", \"sulfaperina\", \"sulfaperine\", \"sulfaperinum\", \"sulfatreis\", \"sulfopirimidine\", \"sulpenta\", \"ultrasulfon sirup\")" 0.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF11" 5335 "Sulfaphenazole" "Trimethoprims" "J01ED08" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Long-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"depocid\", \"depotsulfonamide\", \"eftolon\", \"firmazolo\", \"inamil\", \"isarol\", \"isarol v\", \"merian\", \"microtan pirazolo\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"orisul\", \"orisulf\", \"paidazolo\", \"phenylsulfapyrazole\", \"plisulfan\", \"raziosulfa\", \"solfafenazolo\", \"sulfabid\", \"sulfafenazol\", \"sulfafenazolo\", \"sulfaphenazol\", \"sulfaphenazole\", \"sulfaphenazolum\", \"sulfaphenazon\", \"sulfaphenylpipazol\", \"sulfaphenylpyrazol\", \"sulfaphenylpyrazole\", \"sulfonylpyrazol\", \"sulphaphenazole\", \"sulphenazole\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"SLF12" 5336 "Sulfapyridine" "Trimethoprims" "J01EB04" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"adiplon\", \"coccoclase\", \"dagenan\", \"eubasin\", \"eubasinum\", \"haptocil\", \"piridazol\", \"plurazol\", \"pyriamid\", \"pyridazol\", \"relbapiridina\", \"septipulmon\", \"solfapiridina\", \"streptosilpyridine\", \"sulfapiridina\", \"sulfapyridin\", \"sulfapyridine\", \"sulfapyridinum\", \"sulfidin\", \"sulfidine\", \"sulphapyridin\", \"sulphapyridine\", \"thioseptal\", \"trianon\")" 1 "g" "c(\"14075-6\", \"55580-5\")"
"SNA" 60582 "Sulfasuccinamide" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"ambesid\", \"derganil\", \"sulfasuccinamid\", \"sulfasuccinamida\", \"sulfasuccinamide\", \"sulfasuccinamidum\")" "character(0)"
"SUT" 5340 "Sulfathiazole" "Trimethoprims" "c(\"D06BA02\", \"J01EB07\")" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"azoquimiol\", \"azoseptale\", \"cerazol\", \"cerazole\", \"chemosept\", \"cibazol\", \"duatok\", \"dulana\", \"eleudron\", \"enterobiocine\", \"estafilol\", \"formosulfathiazole\", \"neostrepsan\", \"norsulfasol\", \"norsulfazol\", \"norsulfazole\", \"norsulfazolum\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"planomide\", \"poliseptil\", \"sanotiazol\", \"septozol\", \"solfatiazolo\", \"streptosilthiazole\", \"sulfamul\", \"sulfathiazol\", \"sulfathiazole\", \"sulfathiazolum\", \"sulfatiazol\", \"sulfavitina\", \"sulfocerol\", \"sulphathiazole\", \"sulzol\", \"thiacoccine\", \"thiasulfol\",
\"thiazamide\", \"thiozamide\", \"wintrazole\")" "87591-4"
"SLF13" "J01EB08" 3000579 "Sulfathiourea" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"badional\", \"baldinol\", \"fontamide\", \"salvoseptyl\", \"solfatiourea\", \"solufontamide\", \"sulfanilthiourea\", \"sulfathiocarbamid\", \"sulfathiocarbamide\", \"sulfathiocarbamidum\", \"sulfathiourea\", \"sulfathiouree\", \"sulfatiourea\", \"sulphathiourea\")" 6 "g" "character(0)"
"SOX" 5344 "Sulfisoxazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"accuzole\", \"alphazole\", \"amidoxal\", \"astrazolo\", \"azo gantrisin\", \"azosulfizin\", \"bactesulf\", \"barazae\", \"chemouag\", \"cosoxazole\", \"dorsulfan\", \"dorsulfan warthausen\", \"entusil\", \"entusul\", \"eryzole\", \"gantrisin\", \"gantrisine\", \"gantrisona\", \"gantrizin\", \"gantrosan\", \"isoxamin\", \"neazolin\", \"neoxazoi\", \"neoxazol\", \"novazolo\", \"novosaxazole\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"nsulphanilamide\", \"pancid\", \"pediazole\", \"renosulfan\", \"resoxol\", \"roxosul\", \"roxosul tablets\", \"roxoxol\", \"saxosozine\", \"sodizole\", \"solfafurazolo\",
"SLF13" 3000579 "Sulfathiourea" "Trimethoprims" "J01EB08" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Short-acting sulfonamides" "" "c(\"badional\", \"baldinol\", \"fontamide\", \"salvoseptyl\", \"solfatiourea\", \"solufontamide\", \"sulfanilthiourea\", \"sulfathiocarbamid\", \"sulfathiocarbamide\", \"sulfathiocarbamidum\", \"sulfathiourea\", \"sulfathiouree\", \"sulfatiourea\", \"sulphathiourea\")" 6 "g" "character(0)"
"SOX" 5344 "Sulfisoxazole" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"accuzole\", \"alphazole\", \"amidoxal\", \"astrazolo\", \"azo gantrisin\", \"azosulfizin\", \"bactesulf\", \"barazae\", \"chemouag\", \"cosoxazole\", \"dorsulfan\", \"dorsulfan warthausen\", \"entusil\", \"entusul\", \"eryzole\", \"gantrisin\", \"gantrisine\", \"gantrisona\", \"gantrizin\", \"gantrosan\", \"isoxamin\", \"neazolin\", \"neoxazoi\", \"neoxazol\", \"novazolo\", \"novosaxazole\", \"nsulfanilamide\", \"nsulphanilamide\", \"pancid\", \"pediazole\", \"renosulfan\", \"resoxol\", \"roxosul\", \"roxosul tablets\", \"roxoxol\", \"saxosozine\", \"sodizole\", \"solfafurazolo\",
\"soxamide\", \"soxazole\", \"soxisol\", \"soxitabs\", \"soxomide\", \"stansin\", \"sulbio\", \"sulfafuraz ole\", \"sulfafurazol\", \"sulfafurazole\", \"sulfafurazolum\", \"sulfagan\", \"sulfagen\", \"sulfaisoxazole\", \"sulfalar\", \"sulfapolar\", \"sulfasol\", \"sulfasoxazole\", \"sulfasoxizole\", \"sulfazin\", \"sulfisin\", \"sulfisonazole\", \"sulfisoxasole\", \"sulfisoxazol\", \"sulfisoxazole\", \"sulfisoxazolum\", \"sulfizin\", \"sulfizol\", \"sulfizole\", \"sulfofurazole\", \"sulfoxol\", \"suloxsol\", \"sulphafuraz\", \"sulphafurazol\", \"sulphafurazole\", \"sulphafurazolum\",
\"sulphaisoxazole\", \"sulphisoxazol\", \"sulphisoxazole\", \"sulphofurazole\", \"sulsoxin\", \"thiasin\", \"unisulf\", \"urisoxin\", \"uritrisin\", \"urogan\", \"vagilia\")" "9701-4"
"SSS" 86225 "Sulfonamide" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"\", \"sfna\")" "" ""
"SLP" 9950244 "Sulopenem" "Other antibacterials" "" "sulopenem" "character(0)"
"SLT6" "J01CR04" 444022 "Sultamicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "" "c(\"sultamicilina\", \"sultamicillin\", \"sultamicillinum\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SUR" 46700778 "Surotomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "surotomycin" "character(0)"
"TAL" "J01CA15" 71447 "Talampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"talampicilina\", \"talampicillin\", \"talampicilline\", \"talampicillinum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"TLP" 163307 "Talmetoprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "talmetoprim" "character(0)"
"TAZ" "J01CG02" 123630 "Tazobactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase inhibitors" "tazo" "c(\"tazobactam\", \"tazobactam acid\", \"tazobactamum\", \"tazobactum\")" "character(0)"
"TBP" 9800194 "Tebipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"TZD" "J01XX11" 11234049 "Tedizolid" "Oxazolidinones" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "tedi" "c(\"tedizolid\", \"torezolid\")" 0.2 0.2 "character(0)"
"TEC" "J01XA02" 16131923 "Teicoplanin" "Glycopeptides" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "c(\"tec\", \"tei\", \"teic\", \"tp\", \"tpl\", \"tpn\")" "c(\"targocid\", \"tecoplanina\", \"tecoplanine\", \"tecoplaninum\", \"teichomycin\", \"teicoplanina\", \"teicoplanine\", \"teicoplaninum\")" 0.4 "g" "c(\"25534-9\", \"25535-6\", \"34378-0\", \"34379-8\", \"4043-6\", \"80968-1\")"
"TCM" "Teicoplanin-macromethod" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"TLV" "J01XA03" 3081362 "Telavancin" "Glycopeptides" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "tela" "c(\"telavancin\", \"vibativ\")" "character(0)"
"TLT" "J01FA15" 3002190 "Telithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"\", \"teli\")" "levviax" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"TMX" "J01MA05" 60021 "Temafloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"tema\")" "c(\"omniflox\", \"temafloxacin\", \"temafloxacina\", \"temafloxacine\", \"temafloxacinum\")" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"TEM" "J01CA17" 171758 "Temocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"\", \"temo\")" "c(\"temocilina\", \"temocillin\", \"temocillina\", \"temocilline\", \"temocillinum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"TRB" "D01BA02" 1549008 "Terbinafine" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antifungals for systemic use" "Antifungals for systemic use" "c(\"\", \"terb\")" "c(\"corbinal\", \"lamasil\", \"lamisil\", \"lamisil at\", \"lamisil tablet\", \"terbinafina\", \"terbinafine\", \"terbinafinum\", \"terbinex\")" 0.25 "g" "character(0)"
"TRC" 441383 "Terconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "" "c(\"fungistat\", \"panlomyc\", \"terazol\", \"terconazol\", \"terconazole\", \"terconazolum\", \"tercospor\", \"triaconazole\", \"zazole\")" "character(0)"
"TRZ" "J04AK03" 65720 "Terizidone" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "c(\"terivalidin\", \"terizidon\", \"terizidona\", \"terizidone\", \"terizidonum\")" "character(0)"
"TCY" "J01AA07" 54675776 "Tetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"tc\", \"te\", \"tet\", \"tetr\")" "c(\"abramycin\", \"abricycline\", \"achromycin\", \"achromycin v\", \"actisite\", \"agromicina\", \"ambramicina\", \"ambramycin\", \"amycin\", \"biocycline\", \"bristaciclin\", \"bristaciclina\", \"bristacycline\", \"cefracycline\", \"centet\", \"ciclibion\", \"copharlan\", \"criseociclina\", \"cyclomycin\", \"cyclopar\", \"cytome\", \"democracin\", \"deschlorobiomycin\", \"dumocyclin\", \"enterocycline\", \"hostacyclin\", \"lexacycline\", \"limecycline\", \"liquamycin\", \"medocycline\", \"mericycline\", \"micycline\", \"neocycline\", \"oletetrin\", \"omegamycin\",
"SSS" 86225 "Sulfonamide" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"\", \"sfna\")" "" ""
"SLP" 9950244 "Sulopenem" "Other antibacterials" "" "sulopenem" "character(0)"
"SLT6" 444022 "Sultamicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CR04" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "" "c(\"sultamicilina\", \"sultamicillin\", \"sultamicillinum\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"SUR" 46700778 "Surotomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "surotomycin" "character(0)"
"TAL" 71447 "Talampicillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA15" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "" "c(\"talampicilina\", \"talampicillin\", \"talampicilline\", \"talampicillinum\")" 2 "g" "character(0)"
"TLP" 163307 "Talmetoprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "talmetoprim" "character(0)"
"TAZ" 123630 "Tazobactam" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CG02" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Beta-lactamase inhibitors" "tazo" "c(\"tazobactam\", \"tazobactam acid\", \"tazobactamum\", \"tazobactum\")" "character(0)"
"TBP" 9800194 "Tebipenem" "Carbapenems" "" "" ""
"TZD" 11234049 "Tedizolid" "Oxazolidinones" "J01XX11" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "tedi" "c(\"tedizolid\", \"torezolid\")" 0.2 0.2 "character(0)"
"TEC" 16131923 "Teicoplanin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA02" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "c(\"tec\", \"tei\", \"teic\", \"tp\", \"tpl\", \"tpn\")" "c(\"targocid\", \"tecoplanina\", \"tecoplanine\", \"tecoplaninum\", \"teichomycin\", \"teicoplanina\", \"teicoplanine\", \"teicoplaninum\")" 0.4 "g" "c(\"25534-9\", \"25535-6\", \"34378-0\", \"34379-8\", \"4043-6\", \"80968-1\")"
"TCM" "Teicoplanin-macromethod" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"TLV" 3081362 "Telavancin" "Glycopeptides" "J01XA03" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "tela" "c(\"telavancin\", \"vibativ\")" "character(0)"
"TLT" 3002190 "Telithromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA15" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "c(\"\", \"teli\")" "levviax" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"TMX" 60021 "Temafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA05" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"tema\")" "c(\"omniflox\", \"temafloxacin\", \"temafloxacina\", \"temafloxacine\", \"temafloxacinum\")" 0.8 "g" "character(0)"
"TEM" 171758 "Temocillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA17" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"\", \"temo\")" "c(\"temocilina\", \"temocillin\", \"temocillina\", \"temocilline\", \"temocillinum\")" 4 "g" "character(0)"
"TRB" 1549008 "Terbinafine" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "c(\"D01AE15\", \"D01BA02\")" "Antifungals for systemic use" "Antifungals for systemic use" "c(\"\", \"terb\")" "c(\"corbinal\", \"lamasil\", \"lamisil\", \"lamisil at\", \"lamisil tablet\", \"terbinafina\", \"terbinafine\", \"terbinafinum\", \"terbinex\")" 0.25 "g" "character(0)"
"TRC" 441383 "Terconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "G01AG02" "" "c(\"fungistat\", \"panlomyc\", \"terazol\", \"terconazol\", \"terconazole\", \"terconazolum\", \"tercospor\", \"triaconazole\", \"zazole\")" "character(0)"
"TRZ" 65720 "Terizidone" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AK03" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "c(\"terivalidin\", \"terizidon\", \"terizidona\", \"terizidone\", \"terizidonum\")" "character(0)"
"TCY" 54675776 "Tetracycline" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"A01AB13\", \"D06AA04\", \"J01AA07\", \"S01AA09\", \"S02AA08\", \"S03AA02\")" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"tc\", \"te\", \"tet\", \"tetr\")" "c(\"abramycin\", \"abricycline\", \"achromycin\", \"achromycin v\", \"actisite\", \"agromicina\", \"ambramicina\", \"ambramycin\", \"amycin\", \"biocycline\", \"bristaciclin\", \"bristaciclina\", \"bristacycline\", \"cefracycline\", \"centet\", \"ciclibion\", \"copharlan\", \"criseociclina\", \"cyclomycin\", \"cyclopar\", \"cytome\", \"democracin\", \"deschlorobiomycin\", \"dumocyclin\", \"enterocycline\", \"hostacyclin\", \"lexacycline\", \"limecycline\", \"liquamycin\", \"medocycline\", \"mericycline\", \"micycline\", \"neocycline\", \"oletetrin\", \"omegamycin\",
\"orlycycline\", \"panmycin\", \"piracaps\", \"polycycline\", \"polyotic\", \"purocyclina\", \"resteclin\", \"robitet\", \"roviciclina\", \"sigmamycin\", \"solvocin\", \"sumycin\", \"sumycin syrup\", \"tetrabon\", \"tetrachel\", \"tetraciclina\", \"tetracycl\", \"tetracyclin\", \"tetracycline\", \"tetracycline base\", \"tetracycline i\", \"tetracycline ii\", \"tetracyclinum\", \"tetracyn\", \"tetradecin\", \"tetrafil\", \"tetramed\", \"tetrasure\", \"tetraverine\", \"tetrazyklin\", \"tetrex\", \"topicycline\", \"tsiklomistsin\", \"tsiklomitsin\", \"veracin\", \"vetacyclinum\"
)" 1 "g" 1 "g" "c(\"25272-6\", \"4045-1\", \"87590-6\")"
"TET" 65450 "Tetroxoprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"tetroxoprim\", \"tetroxoprima\", \"tetroxoprime\", \"tetroxoprimum\")" "character(0)"
"THA" 9568512 "Thiacetazone" "Oxazolidinones" "" "c(\"aktivan\", \"ambathizon\", \"amithiozone\", \"amithizone\", \"amitiozon\", \"benthiozone\", \"benzothiozane\", \"benzothiozon\", \"berculon a\", \"berkazon\", \"citazone\", \"conteben\", \"diasan\", \"diazan\", \"domakol\", \"ilbion\", \"livazone\", \"mirizone neustab\", \"mivizon\", \"myvizone\", \"neotibil\", \"neustab\", \"novakol\", \"nuclon argentinian\", \"panrone\", \"parazone\", \"seroden\", \"siocarbazone\", \"tebalon\", \"tebecure\", \"tebemar\", \"tebesone i\", \"tebethion\", \"tebethione\", \"tebezon\", \"thiacetazone\", \"thiacetone\", \"thiacetozone\",
"TET" 65450 "Tetroxoprim" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"tetroxoprim\", \"tetroxoprima\", \"tetroxoprime\", \"tetroxoprimum\")" "character(0)"
"THA" 9568512 "Thiacetazone" "Oxazolidinones" "" "c(\"aktivan\", \"ambathizon\", \"amithiozone\", \"amithizone\", \"amitiozon\", \"benthiozone\", \"benzothiozane\", \"benzothiozon\", \"berculon a\", \"berkazon\", \"citazone\", \"conteben\", \"diasan\", \"diazan\", \"domakol\", \"ilbion\", \"livazone\", \"mirizone neustab\", \"mivizon\", \"myvizone\", \"neotibil\", \"neustab\", \"novakol\", \"nuclon argentinian\", \"panrone\", \"parazone\", \"seroden\", \"siocarbazone\", \"tebalon\", \"tebecure\", \"tebemar\", \"tebesone i\", \"tebethion\", \"tebethione\", \"tebezon\", \"thiacetazone\", \"thiacetone\", \"thiacetozone\",
\"thibon\", \"thibone\", \"thioacetazon\", \"thioacetazone\", \"thioacetazonum\", \"thioazetazone\", \"thiocarbazil\", \"thiomicid\", \"thionicid\", \"thioparamizon\", \"thioparamizone\", \"thiosemicarbarzone\", \"thiosemicarbazone\", \"thiotebesin\", \"thiotebezin\", \"thiotebicina\", \"thizone\", \"tiacetazon\", \"tibicur\", \"tibion\", \"tibione\", \"tibizan\", \"tibone\", \"tioacetazon\", \"tioacetazona\", \"tioatsetazon\", \"tiobicina\", \"tiocarone\", \"tiosecolo\", \"tubercazon\", \"tubigal\")" "character(0)"
"THI" "J01BA02" 27200 "Thiamphenicol" "Amphenicols" "Amphenicols" "Amphenicols" "" "c(\"descocin\", \"dexawin\", \"dextrosulfenidol\", \"dextrosulphenidol\", \"efnicol\", \"hyrazin\", \"igralin\", \"macphenicol\", \"masatirin\", \"neomyson\", \"racefenicol\", \"racefenicolo\", \"racefenicolum\", \"raceophenidol\", \"racephenicol\", \"rincrol\", \"thiamcol\", \"thiamphenicol\", \"thiamphenicolum\", \"thiocymetin\", \"thiomycetin\", \"thiophenicol\", \"tiamfenicol\", \"tiamfenicolo\", \"urfamicina\", \"urfamycine\", \"vicemycetin\")" 1.5 "g" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"THI1" "J04AM04" "Thioacetazone/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"TIA" 656958 "Tiamulin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"denagard\", \"tiamulin\", \"tiamulin pamoate\", \"tiamulina\", \"tiamuline\", \"tiamulinum\")" "87589-8"
"TIC" "J01CA13" 36921 "Ticarcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"tc\", \"ti\", \"tic\", \"tica\")" "c(\"ticarcilina\", \"ticarcillin\", \"ticarcilline\", \"ticarcillinum\", \"ticillin\")" 15 "g" "c(\"25254-4\", \"4054-3\", \"4055-0\")"
"TCC" "J01CR03" 6437075 "Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"t/c\", \"tcc\", \"ticl\", \"tim\", \"tlc\")" "timentin" 15 "g" "character(0)"
"TGC" "J01AA12" 54686904 "Tigecycline" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"tgc\", \"tig\", \"tige\")" "c(\"haizheng li xing\", \"tigeciclina\", \"tigecyclin\", \"tigecycline\", \"tigecycline hydrate\", \"tigecyclinum\", \"tigilcycline\", \"tygacil\")" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"TBQ" 65592 "Tilbroquinol" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"tilbroquinol\", \"tilbroquinolum\")" "character(0)"
"TIP" 24860548 "Tildipirosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"tildipirosin\", \"zuprevo\")" "character(0)"
"TIL" 5282521 "Tilmicosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"micotil\", \"pulmotil\", \"tilmicosin\", \"tilmicosina\", \"tilmicosine\", \"tilmicosinum\")" "87588-0"
"TIN" "J01XD02" 5479 "Tinidazole" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"\", \"tini\")" "c(\"amtiba\", \"bioshik\", \"ethyl sulfone\", \"fasigin\", \"fasigyn\", \"fasigyntrade mark\", \"fasygin\", \"glongyn\", \"haisigyn\", \"pletil\", \"simplotan\", \"simplotantrade mark\", \"sorquetan\", \"tindamax\", \"tindamaxtrade mark\", \"tinidazol\", \"tinidazole\", \"tinidazolum\", \"tricolam\", \"trimonase\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"TCR" "J04AD02" 3001386 "Tiocarlide" "Antimycobacterials" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Thiocarbamide derivatives" "" "c(\"amixyl\", \"datanil\", \"disocarban\", \"disoxyl\", \"thiocarlide\", \"tiocarlid\", \"tiocarlida\", \"tiocarlide\", \"tiocarlidum\")" 7 "g" "character(0)"
"TDC" 10247721 "Tiodonium chloride" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cloruro de tiodonio\", \"tiodonii chloridum\", \"tiodonium chloride\")" "character(0)"
"TXC" 65788 "Tioxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"tioxacin\", \"tioxacine\", \"tioxacino\", \"tioxacinum\", \"tioxic acid\")" "character(0)"
"TIZ" 394397 "Tizoxanide" "Other antibacterials" "" "ntzdes" "character(0)"
"TOB" "J01GB01" 36294 "Tobramycin" "Aminoglycosides" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"nn\", \"tm\", \"to\", \"tob\", \"tobr\")" "c(\"bethkis\", \"brulamycin\", \"deoxykanamycin b\", \"distobram\", \"gernebcin\", \"gotabiotic\", \"kitabis pak\", \"nebcin\", \"nebicin\", \"nebramycin\", \"nebramycin vi\", \"obramycin\", \"sybryx\", \"tenebrimycin\", \"tenemycin\", \"tobacin\", \"tobi podhaler\", \"tobracin\", \"tobradex\", \"tobradistin\", \"tobralex\", \"tobramaxin\", \"tobramicin\", \"tobramicina\", \"tobramitsetin\", \"tobramycetin\", \"tobramycin\", \"tobramycin base\", \"tobramycin sulfate\", \"tobramycine\", \"tobramycinum\", \"tobrased\", \"tobrasone\", \"tobrex\")" 0.24 "g" "c(\"13584-8\", \"17808-7\", \"22750-4\", \"22751-2\", \"22752-0\", \"31094-6\", \"31095-3\", \"31096-1\", \"35239-3\", \"35670-9\", \"4057-6\", \"4058-4\", \"4059-2\", \"50927-3\", \"52962-8\", \"59380-6\", \"80966-5\")"
"TOH" "Tobramycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"tobra high\", \"tobramycin high\", \"tohl\")" "" ""
"TFX" 5517 "Tosufloxacin" "Quinolones" "" "tosufloxacin" "character(0)"
"TMP" "J01EA01" 5578 "Trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Trimethoprim and derivatives" "c(\"t\", \"tmp\", \"tr\", \"tri\", \"trim\", \"w\")" "c(\"abaprim\", \"alprim\", \"anitrim\", \"antrima\", \"antrimox\", \"bacdan\", \"bacidal\", \"bacide\", \"bacterial\", \"bacticel\", \"bactifor\", \"bactin\", \"bactoprim\", \"bactramin\", \"bactrim\", \"bencole\", \"bethaprim\", \"biosulten\", \"briscotrim\", \"chemotrin\", \"colizole\", \"colizole ds\", \"conprim\", \"cotrimel\", \"cotrimoxizole\", \"deprim\", \"dosulfin\", \"duocide\", \"esbesul\", \"espectrin\", \"euctrim\", \"exbesul\", \"fermagex\", \"fortrim\", \"idotrim\", \"ikaprim\", \"instalac\", \"kombinax\", \"lagatrim\", \"lagatrim forte\", \"lastrim\", \"lescot\",
"THI" 27200 "Thiamphenicol" "Amphenicols" "J01BA02" "Amphenicols" "Amphenicols" "" "c(\"descocin\", \"dexawin\", \"dextrosulfenidol\", \"dextrosulphenidol\", \"efnicol\", \"hyrazin\", \"igralin\", \"macphenicol\", \"masatirin\", \"neomyson\", \"racefenicol\", \"racefenicolo\", \"racefenicolum\", \"raceophenidol\", \"racephenicol\", \"rincrol\", \"thiamcol\", \"thiamphenicol\", \"thiamphenicolum\", \"thiocymetin\", \"thiomycetin\", \"thiophenicol\", \"tiamfenicol\", \"tiamfenicolo\", \"urfamicina\", \"urfamycine\", \"vicemycetin\")" 1.5 "g" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"THI1" "Thioacetazone/isoniazid" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AM04" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "" "" ""
"TIA" 656958 "Tiamulin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"denagard\", \"tiamulin\", \"tiamulin pamoate\", \"tiamulina\", \"tiamuline\", \"tiamulinum\")" "87589-8"
"TIC" 36921 "Ticarcillin" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CA13" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Penicillins with extended spectrum" "c(\"tc\", \"ti\", \"tic\", \"tica\")" "c(\"ticarcilina\", \"ticarcillin\", \"ticarcilline\", \"ticarcillinum\", \"ticillin\")" 15 "g" "c(\"25254-4\", \"4054-3\", \"4055-0\")"
"TCC" 6437075 "Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid" "Beta-lactams/penicillins" "J01CR03" "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins" "Combinations of penicillins, incl. beta-lactamase inhibitors" "c(\"t/c\", \"tcc\", \"ticl\", \"tim\", \"tlc\")" "timentin" 15 "g" "character(0)"
"TGC" 54686904 "Tigecycline" "Tetracyclines" "J01AA12" "Tetracyclines" "Tetracyclines" "c(\"tgc\", \"tig\", \"tige\")" "c(\"haizheng li xing\", \"tigeciclina\", \"tigecyclin\", \"tigecycline\", \"tigecycline hydrate\", \"tigecyclinum\", \"tigilcycline\", \"tygacil\")" 0.1 "g" "character(0)"
"TBQ" 65592 "Tilbroquinol" "Quinolones" "P01AA05" "" "c(\"tilbroquinol\", \"tilbroquinolum\")" "character(0)"
"TIP" 24860548 "Tildipirosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"tildipirosin\", \"zuprevo\")" "character(0)"
"TIL" 5282521 "Tilmicosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"micotil\", \"pulmotil\", \"tilmicosin\", \"tilmicosina\", \"tilmicosine\", \"tilmicosinum\")" "87588-0"
"TIN" 5479 "Tinidazole" "Other antibacterials" "c(\"J01XD02\", \"P01AB02\")" "Other antibacterials" "Imidazole derivatives" "c(\"\", \"tini\")" "c(\"amtiba\", \"bioshik\", \"ethyl sulfone\", \"fasigin\", \"fasigyn\", \"fasigyntrade mark\", \"fasygin\", \"glongyn\", \"haisigyn\", \"pletil\", \"simplotan\", \"simplotantrade mark\", \"sorquetan\", \"tindamax\", \"tindamaxtrade mark\", \"tinidazol\", \"tinidazole\", \"tinidazolum\", \"tricolam\", \"trimonase\")" 1.5 "g" "character(0)"
"TCR" 3001386 "Tiocarlide" "Antimycobacterials" "J04AD02" "Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis" "Thiocarbamide derivatives" "" "c(\"amixyl\", \"datanil\", \"disocarban\", \"disoxyl\", \"thiocarlide\", \"tiocarlid\", \"tiocarlida\", \"tiocarlide\", \"tiocarlidum\")" 7 "g" "character(0)"
"TDC" 10247721 "Tiodonium chloride" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"cloruro de tiodonio\", \"tiodonii chloridum\", \"tiodonium chloride\")" "character(0)"
"TXC" 65788 "Tioxacin" "Quinolones" "" "c(\"tioxacin\", \"tioxacine\", \"tioxacino\", \"tioxacinum\", \"tioxic acid\")" "character(0)"
"TIZ" 394397 "Tizoxanide" "Other antibacterials" "" "ntzdes" "character(0)"
"TOB" 36294 "Tobramycin" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"J01GB01\", \"S01AA12\")" "Aminoglycoside antibacterials" "Other aminoglycosides" "c(\"nn\", \"tm\", \"to\", \"tob\", \"tobr\")" "c(\"bethkis\", \"brulamycin\", \"deoxykanamycin b\", \"distobram\", \"gernebcin\", \"gotabiotic\", \"kitabis pak\", \"nebcin\", \"nebicin\", \"nebramycin\", \"nebramycin vi\", \"obramycin\", \"sybryx\", \"tenebrimycin\", \"tenemycin\", \"tobacin\", \"tobi podhaler\", \"tobracin\", \"tobradex\", \"tobradistin\", \"tobralex\", \"tobramaxin\", \"tobramicin\", \"tobramicina\", \"tobramitsetin\", \"tobramycetin\", \"tobramycin\", \"tobramycin base\", \"tobramycin sulfate\", \"tobramycine\", \"tobramycinum\", \"tobrased\", \"tobrasone\", \"tobrex\")" 0.24 "g" "c(\"13584-8\", \"17808-7\", \"22750-4\", \"22751-2\", \"22752-0\", \"31094-6\", \"31095-3\", \"31096-1\", \"35239-3\", \"35670-9\", \"4057-6\", \"4058-4\", \"4059-2\", \"50927-3\", \"52962-8\", \"59380-6\", \"80966-5\")"
"TOH" "Tobramycin-high" "Aminoglycosides" "c(\"tobra high\", \"tobramycin high\", \"tohl\")" "" ""
"TFX" 5517 "Tosufloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA22" "" "tosufloxacin" "character(0)"
"TMP" 5578 "Trimethoprim" "Trimethoprims" "J01EA01" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Trimethoprim and derivatives" "c(\"t\", \"tmp\", \"tr\", \"tri\", \"trim\", \"w\")" "c(\"abaprim\", \"alprim\", \"anitrim\", \"antrima\", \"antrimox\", \"bacdan\", \"bacidal\", \"bacide\", \"bacterial\", \"bacticel\", \"bactifor\", \"bactin\", \"bactoprim\", \"bactramin\", \"bactrim\", \"bencole\", \"bethaprim\", \"biosulten\", \"briscotrim\", \"chemotrin\", \"colizole\", \"colizole ds\", \"conprim\", \"cotrimel\", \"cotrimoxizole\", \"deprim\", \"dosulfin\", \"duocide\", \"esbesul\", \"espectrin\", \"euctrim\", \"exbesul\", \"fermagex\", \"fortrim\", \"idotrim\", \"ikaprim\", \"instalac\", \"kombinax\", \"lagatrim\", \"lagatrim forte\", \"lastrim\", \"lescot\",
\"methoprim\", \"metoprim\", \"monoprim\", \"monotrim\", \"monotrimin\", \"novotrimel\", \"omstat\", \"oraprim\", \"pancidim\", \"polytrim\", \"priloprim\", \"primosept\", \"primsol\", \"proloprim\", \"protrin\", \"purbal\", \"resprim\", \"resprim forte\", \"roubac\", \"roubal\", \"salvatrim\", \"septrin ds\", \"septrin forte\", \"septrin s\", \"setprin\", \"sinotrim\", \"stopan\", \"streptoplus\", \"sugaprim\", \"sulfamar\", \"sulfamethoprim\", \"sulfoxaprim\", \"sulthrim\", \"sultrex\", \"syraprim\", \"tiempe\", \"tmp smx\", \"toprim\", \"trimanyl\", \"trimethioprim\", \"trimethopim\",
\"trimethoprim\", \"trimethoprime\", \"trimethoprimum\", \"trimethopriom\", \"trimetoprim\", \"trimetoprima\", \"trimexazole\", \"trimexol\", \"trimezol\", \"trimogal\", \"trimono\", \"trimopan\", \"trimpex\", \"triprim\", \"trisul\", \"trisulcom\", \"trisulfam\", \"trisural\", \"uretrim\", \"urobactrim\", \"utetrin\", \"velaten\", \"wellcoprim\", \"wellcoprin\", \"xeroprim\", \"zamboprim\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"11005-6\", \"17747-7\", \"25273-4\", \"32342-8\", \"4079-0\", \"4080-8\", \"4081-6\", \"55584-7\", \"80552-3\", \"80973-1\")"
"SXT" "J01EE01" 358641 "Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole" "Trimethoprims" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "c(\"cot\", \"cotrim\", \"sxt\", \"t/s\", \"trsu\", \"trsx\", \"ts\")" "c(\"bactrim\", \"bactrimel\", \"belcomycine\", \"colimycin\", \"colimycin sulphate\", \"colisticin\", \"colistimethate\", \"colistimethate sodium\", \"colistin sulfate\", \"colistin sulphate\", \"colomycin\", \"coly-mycin\", \"cotrimazole\", \"cotrimoxazole\", \"polymyxin e\", \"polymyxin e. sulfate\", \"promixin\", \"septra\", \"totazina\")" "character(0)"
"TRL" "J01FA08" 202225 "Troleandomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"acetyloleandomycin\", \"aovine\", \"cyclamycin\", \"evramicina\", \"matromicina\", \"matromycin t\", \"oleandocetine\", \"t.a.o.\", \"treolmicina\", \"tribiocillina\", \"triocetin\", \"triolan\", \"troleandomicina\", \"troleandomycin\", \"troleandomycine\", \"troleandomycinum\", \"viamicina\", \"wytrion\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"TRO" 55886 "Trospectomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"trospectinomycin\", \"trospectomicina\", \"trospectomycin\", \"trospectomycine\", \"trospectomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"TVA" "J01MA13" 62959 "Trovafloxacin" "Quinolones" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"trov\")" "c(\"trovafloxacin\", \"trovan\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"TUL" 9832301 "Tulathromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"draxxin\", \"tulathrmycin a\", \"tulathromycin\", \"tulathromycin a\")" "character(0)"
"TYL" 5280440 "Tylosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"fradizine\", \"tilosina\", \"tylocine\", \"tylosin\", \"tylosin a\", \"tylosine\", \"tylosinum\")" "87587-2"
"TYL1" 6441094 "Tylvalosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"PRU1" 124225 "Ulifloxacin (Prulifloxacin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "ulifloxacin" "character(0)"
"VAN" "J01XA01" 14969 "Vancomycin" "Glycopeptides" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "c(\"va\", \"van\", \"vanc\")" "c(\"vancocin\", \"vancocin hcl\", \"vancoled\", \"vancomicina\", \"vancomycin\", \"vancomycin hcl\", \"vancomycine\", \"vancomycinum\", \"vancor\", \"viomycin derivative\")" 2 "g" "c(\"13586-3\", \"13587-1\", \"20578-1\", \"31012-8\", \"39092-2\", \"39796-8\", \"39797-6\", \"4089-9\", \"4090-7\", \"4091-5\", \"4092-3\", \"50938-0\", \"59381-4\")"
"VAM" "Vancomycin-macromethod" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"VIO" 135398671 "Viomycin" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"celiomycin\", \"florimycin\", \"floromycin\", \"viomicina\", \"viomycin\", \"viomycine\", \"viomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"VIR" 11979535 "Virginiamycine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"eskalin v\", \"mikamycin\", \"mikamycine\", \"mikamycinum\", \"ostreogrycinum\", \"pristinamycine\", \"pristinamycinum\", \"stafac\", \"stafytracine\", \"staphylomycin\", \"starfac\", \"streptogramin\", \"vernamycin\", \"virgimycin\", \"virgimycine\", \"virginiamycina\", \"virginiamycine\", \"virginiamycinum\")" "character(0)"
"VOR" "J02AC03" 71616 "Voriconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "c(\"vori\", \"vrc\")" "c(\"pfizer\", \"vfend i.v.\", \"voriconazol\", \"voriconazole\", \"voriconazolum\", \"vorikonazole\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"38370-3\", \"53902-3\", \"73676-9\", \"80553-1\", \"80651-3\")"
"XBR" "J01XX02" 72144 "Xibornol" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"bactacine\", \"bracen\", \"nanbacine\", \"xibornol\", \"xibornolo\", \"xibornolum\")" "character(0)"
"ZID" 77846445 "Zidebactam" "Other antibacterials" "" "zidebactam" "character(0)"
"SXT" 358641 "Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole" "Trimethoprims" "J01EE01" "Sulfonamides and trimethoprim" "Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, incl. derivatives" "c(\"cot\", \"cotrim\", \"sxt\", \"t/s\", \"trsu\", \"trsx\", \"ts\")" "c(\"bactrim\", \"bactrimel\", \"belcomycine\", \"colimycin\", \"colimycin sulphate\", \"colisticin\", \"colistimethate\", \"colistimethate sodium\", \"colistin sulfate\", \"colistin sulphate\", \"colomycin\", \"coly-mycin\", \"cotrimazole\", \"cotrimoxazole\", \"polymyxin e\", \"polymyxin e. sulfate\", \"promixin\", \"septra\", \"totazina\")" "character(0)"
"TRL" 202225 "Troleandomycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "J01FA08" "Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins" "Macrolides" "" "c(\"acetyloleandomycin\", \"aovine\", \"cyclamycin\", \"evramicina\", \"matromicina\", \"matromycin t\", \"oleandocetine\", \"t.a.o.\", \"treolmicina\", \"tribiocillina\", \"triocetin\", \"triolan\", \"troleandomicina\", \"troleandomycin\", \"troleandomycine\", \"troleandomycinum\", \"viamicina\", \"wytrion\")" 1 "g" "character(0)"
"TRO" 55886 "Trospectomycin" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"trospectinomycin\", \"trospectomicina\", \"trospectomycin\", \"trospectomycine\", \"trospectomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"TVA" 62959 "Trovafloxacin" "Quinolones" "J01MA13" "Quinolone antibacterials" "Fluoroquinolones" "c(\"\", \"trov\")" "c(\"trovafloxacin\", \"trovan\")" 0.2 "g" 0.2 "g" "character(0)"
"TUL" 9832301 "Tulathromycin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"draxxin\", \"tulathrmycin a\", \"tulathromycin\", \"tulathromycin a\")" "character(0)"
"TYL" 5280440 "Tylosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "c(\"fradizine\", \"tilosina\", \"tylocine\", \"tylosin\", \"tylosin a\", \"tylosine\", \"tylosinum\")" "87587-2"
"TYL1" 6441094 "Tylvalosin" "Macrolides/lincosamides" "" "" ""
"PRU1" 124225 "Ulifloxacin (Prulifloxacin)" "Other antibacterials" "" "ulifloxacin" "character(0)"
"VAN" 14969 "Vancomycin" "Glycopeptides" "c(\"A07AA09\", \"J01XA01\", \"S01AA28\")" "Other antibacterials" "Glycopeptide antibacterials" "c(\"va\", \"van\", \"vanc\")" "c(\"vancocin\", \"vancocin hcl\", \"vancoled\", \"vancomicina\", \"vancomycin\", \"vancomycin hcl\", \"vancomycine\", \"vancomycinum\", \"vancor\", \"viomycin derivative\")" 2 "g" "c(\"13586-3\", \"13587-1\", \"20578-1\", \"31012-8\", \"39092-2\", \"39796-8\", \"39797-6\", \"4089-9\", \"4090-7\", \"4091-5\", \"4092-3\", \"50938-0\", \"59381-4\")"
"VAM" "Vancomycin-macromethod" "Glycopeptides" "" "" ""
"VIO" 135398671 "Viomycin" "Antimycobacterials" "" "c(\"celiomycin\", \"florimycin\", \"floromycin\", \"viomicina\", \"viomycin\", \"viomycine\", \"viomycinum\")" "character(0)"
"VIR" 11979535 "Virginiamycine" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"eskalin v\", \"mikamycin\", \"mikamycine\", \"mikamycinum\", \"ostreogrycinum\", \"pristinamycine\", \"pristinamycinum\", \"stafac\", \"stafytracine\", \"staphylomycin\", \"starfac\", \"streptogramin\", \"vernamycin\", \"virgimycin\", \"virgimycine\", \"virginiamycina\", \"virginiamycine\", \"virginiamycinum\")" "character(0)"
"VOR" 71616 "Voriconazole" "Antifungals/antimycotics" "J02AC03" "Antimycotics for systemic use" "Triazole derivatives" "c(\"vori\", \"vrc\")" "c(\"pfizer\", \"vfend i.v.\", \"voriconazol\", \"voriconazole\", \"voriconazolum\", \"vorikonazole\")" 0.4 "g" 0.4 "g" "c(\"38370-3\", \"53902-3\", \"73676-9\", \"80553-1\", \"80651-3\")"
"XBR" 72144 "Xibornol" "Other antibacterials" "J01XX02" "Other antibacterials" "Other antibacterials" "" "c(\"bactacine\", \"bracen\", \"nanbacine\", \"xibornol\", \"xibornolo\", \"xibornolum\")" "character(0)"
"ZID" 77846445 "Zidebactam" "Other antibacterials" "" "zidebactam" "character(0)"

54
data-raw/reproduction_of_antibiotics.R
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@ -646,7 +646,59 @@ antibiotics <- antibiotics %>%
oral_ddd = NA_real_))
# update DDDs from WHOCC website
# update ATC codes from WHOCC website -------------------------------------
# last time checked: 2021-08-16
updated_atc <- as.list(antibiotics$atc)
get_atcs <- function(ab_name, url = "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/") {
ab_name <- gsub("/", " and ", tolower(ab_name), fixed = TRUE)
# we will do a search on their website, which means:
# go to the url
atc_tbl <- read_html(url) %>%
# get all forms
html_form() %>%
# get the second form (the first form is a global website form)
.[[2]] %>%
# set the name input box to our search parameter
html_form_set(name = ab_name) %>%
# hit Submit
html_form_submit() %>%
# read the resulting page
read_html() %>%
# retrieve the table on it
html_node("table") %>%
# transform it to an R data set
html_table(header = FALSE)
# and get the ATCs (first column) of only exact hits
unique(as.character(atc_tbl[which(tolower(atc_tbl[, 2, drop = TRUE]) == ab_name), 1, drop = TRUE]))
}
# this takes around 4 minutes (some are skipped and go faster)
for (i in seq_len(nrow(antibiotics))) {
message(percentage(i / nrow(antibiotics), digits = 1),
" - Downloading ", antibiotics$name[i],
appendLF = FALSE)
atcs <- get_atcs(antibiotics$name[i])
if (length(atcs) > 0) {
updated_atc[[i]] <- atcs
message(" (", length(atcs), " results)")
# let the WHO server rest for a second - they might have a limitation on the queries per second
Sys.sleep(1)
} else {
message(" (skipping)")
}
}
antibiotics$atc <- updated_atc
# update DDDs from WHOCC website ------------------------------------------
# last time checked: 2021-06-23
ddd_oral <- double(length = nrow(antibiotics))
ddd_iv <- double(length = nrow(antibiotics))

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5
docs/404.html
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@ -20,6 +20,9 @@
<script src="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/pkgdown.js"></script><link href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/extra.css" rel="stylesheet">
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<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
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@ -40,7 +43,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>

5
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@ -50,6 +50,9 @@
<meta property="og:title" content="License" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends" />
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen" />
@ -89,7 +92,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>

535
docs/articles/AMR.html
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@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="How to conduct AMR data analysis">
<meta property="og:description" content="AMR">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
<!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -195,7 +198,7 @@
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to conduct AMR data analysis</h1>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Matthijs S. Berends</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">23 July 2021</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">16 August 2021</h4>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/vignettes/AMR.Rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/AMR.Rmd</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>AMR.Rmd</code></div>
@ -204,7 +207,7 @@
<p><strong>Note:</strong> values on this page will change with every website update since they are based on randomly created values and the page was written in <a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/" class="external-link">R Markdown</a>. However, the methodology remains unchanged. This page was generated on 23 July 2021.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> values on this page will change with every website update since they are based on randomly created values and the page was written in <a href="https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/" class="external-link">R Markdown</a>. However, the methodology remains unchanged. This page was generated on 16 August 2021.</p>
<div id="introduction" class="section level1">
<h1 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#introduction" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true"></a>Introduction</h1>
@ -235,21 +238,21 @@
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2021-07-23</td>
<td align="center">2021-08-16</td>
<td align="center">abcd</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2021-07-23</td>
<td align="center">2021-08-16</td>
<td align="center">abcd</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2021-07-23</td>
<td align="center">2021-08-16</td>
<td align="center">efgh</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
@ -346,70 +349,70 @@
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2014-03-31</td>
<td align="center">U1</td>
<td align="center">2016-06-21</td>
<td align="center">V8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2017-09-19</td>
<td align="center">E6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2013-10-17</td>
<td align="center">K4</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2013-09-11</td>
<td align="center">G5</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">Klebsiella pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2010-04-19</td>
<td align="center">Z2</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2015-07-17</td>
<td align="center">M4</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2013-03-06</td>
<td align="center">B9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2016-10-06</td>
<td align="center">D8</td>
<td align="center">2014-03-08</td>
<td align="center">R1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2013-05-12</td>
<td align="center">F10</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2016-07-15</td>
<td align="center">H7</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -443,18 +446,18 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">M</td>
<td align="right">10,388</td>
<td align="right">51.94%</td>
<td align="right">10,388</td>
<td align="right">51.94%</td>
<td align="right">10,300</td>
<td align="right">51.5%</td>
<td align="right">10,300</td>
<td align="right">51.5%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">F</td>
<td align="right">9,612</td>
<td align="right">48.06%</td>
<td align="right">9,700</td>
<td align="right">48.5%</td>
<td align="right">20,000</td>
<td align="right">100.00%</td>
<td align="right">100.0%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -507,9 +510,9 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<span class="co"># ℹ Using column 'patient_id' as input for `col_patient_id`.</span>
<span class="co"># Basing inclusion on all antimicrobial results, using a points threshold of</span>
<span class="co"># 2</span>
<span class="co"># =&gt; Found 10,659 first weighted isolates (phenotype-based, 53.3% of total</span>
<span class="co"># =&gt; Found 10,584 first weighted isolates (phenotype-based, 52.9% of total</span>
<span class="co"># where a microbial ID was available)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>So only 53.3% is suitable for resistance analysis! We can now filter on it with the <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter()</a></code> function, also from the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<p>So only 52.9% is suitable for resistance analysis! We can now filter on it with the <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter()</a></code> function, also from the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb15"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">data_1st</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">data</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/filter.html" class="external-link">filter</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">first</span> <span class="op">==</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
@ -517,7 +520,7 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb16"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">data_1st</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="va">data</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/first_isolate.html">filter_first_isolate</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>So we end up with 10,659 isolates for analysis. Now our data looks like:</p>
<p>So we end up with 10,584 isolates for analysis. Now our data looks like:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb17"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html" class="external-link">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">data_1st</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
<table style="width:100%;" class="table">
@ -555,46 +558,30 @@ Longest: 1</p>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="center">2015-07-17</td>
<td align="center">M4</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="center">2016-06-21</td>
<td align="center">V8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AURS</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">3</td>
<td align="center">2013-03-06</td>
<td align="center">B9</td>
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="center">2017-09-19</td>
<td align="center">E6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">5</td>
<td align="center">2013-05-12</td>
<td align="center">F10</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
@ -602,27 +589,43 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">7</td>
<td align="center">2016-07-27</td>
<td align="center">E3</td>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="center">2013-09-11</td>
<td align="center">G5</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">B_KLBSL_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Klebsiella</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">6</td>
<td align="center">2014-03-08</td>
<td align="center">R1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">8</td>
<td align="center">2015-02-09</td>
<td align="center">T6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="left">7</td>
<td align="center">2015-07-22</td>
<td align="center">U6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AURS</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
@ -635,19 +638,19 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">9</td>
<td align="center">2017-08-22</td>
<td align="center">F8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="left">8</td>
<td align="center">2015-07-26</td>
<td align="center">A1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -671,8 +674,8 @@ Longest: 1</p>
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">data_1st</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/cleaner/man/freq.html" class="external-link">freq</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">genus</span>, <span class="va">species</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
<p><strong>Frequency table</strong></p>
<p>Class: character<br>
Length: 10,659<br>
Available: 10,659 (100.0%, NA: 0 = 0.0%)<br>
Length: 10,584<br>
Available: 10,584 (100.0%, NA: 0 = 0.0%)<br>
Unique: 4</p>
<p>Shortest: 16<br>
Longest: 24</p>
@ -689,33 +692,33 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">Escherichia coli</td>
<td align="right">4,644</td>
<td align="right">43.57%</td>
<td align="right">4,644</td>
<td align="right">43.57%</td>
<td align="right">4,573</td>
<td align="right">43.21%</td>
<td align="right">4,573</td>
<td align="right">43.21%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">Staphylococcus aureus</td>
<td align="right">2,731</td>
<td align="right">25.62%</td>
<td align="right">7,375</td>
<td align="right">69.19%</td>
<td align="right">2,737</td>
<td align="right">25.86%</td>
<td align="right">7,310</td>
<td align="right">69.07%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">3</td>
<td align="left">Streptococcus pneumoniae</td>
<td align="right">2,125</td>
<td align="right">19.94%</td>
<td align="right">9,500</td>
<td align="right">89.13%</td>
<td align="right">2,126</td>
<td align="right">20.09%</td>
<td align="right">9,436</td>
<td align="right">89.15%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="left">Klebsiella pneumoniae</td>
<td align="right">1,159</td>
<td align="right">10.87%</td>
<td align="right">10,659</td>
<td align="right">1,148</td>
<td align="right">10.85%</td>
<td align="right">10,584</td>
<td align="right">100.00%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -734,14 +737,14 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<col width="9%">
<col width="9%">
<col width="9%">
<col width="11%">
<col width="10%">
<col width="3%">
<col width="3%">
<col width="3%">
<col width="3%">
<col width="6%">
<col width="11%">
<col width="11%">
<col width="12%">
<col width="9%">
<col width="5%">
</colgroup>
@ -762,12 +765,12 @@ Longest: 24</p>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2013-03-06</td>
<td align="center">B9</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">2015-07-26</td>
<td align="center">A1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
@ -777,13 +780,43 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2016-07-27</td>
<td align="center">E3</td>
<td align="center">2016-04-15</td>
<td align="center">E1</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2017-12-17</td>
<td align="center">D8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_STPHY_AURS</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">I</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">aureus</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2010-04-23</td>
<td align="center">M6</td>
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">M</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
@ -792,63 +825,33 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2017-10-14</td>
<td align="center">X8</td>
<td align="center">2013-01-18</td>
<td align="center">O5</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2011-06-11</td>
<td align="center">V8</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">2013-09-03</td>
<td align="center">S3</td>
<td align="center">2012-12-05</td>
<td align="center">S7</td>
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">2016-05-16</td>
<td align="center">X5</td>
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">B_STRPT_PNMN</td>
<td align="center">B_ESCHR_COLI</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">S</td>
<td align="center">R</td>
<td align="center">F</td>
<td align="center">Gram-positive</td>
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">Gram-negative</td>
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">coli</td>
<td align="center">TRUE</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@ -872,50 +875,50 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">AMX</td>
<td align="center">2213</td>
<td align="center">141</td>
<td align="center">2290</td>
<td align="center">4644</td>
<td align="center">2169</td>
<td align="center">137</td>
<td align="center">2267</td>
<td align="center">4573</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">AMC</td>
<td align="center">3408</td>
<td align="center">175</td>
<td align="center">1061</td>
<td align="center">4644</td>
<td align="center">3389</td>
<td align="center">161</td>
<td align="center">1023</td>
<td align="center">4573</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">CIP</td>
<td align="center">3393</td>
<td align="center">3306</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">1251</td>
<td align="center">4644</td>
<td align="center">1267</td>
<td align="center">4573</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">GEN</td>
<td align="center">4060</td>
<td align="center">4004</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">584</td>
<td align="center">4644</td>
<td align="center">569</td>
<td align="center">4573</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">K. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">AMX</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">1159</td>
<td align="center">1159</td>
<td align="center">1148</td>
<td align="center">1148</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">K. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">AMC</td>
<td align="center">905</td>
<td align="center">39</td>
<td align="center">215</td>
<td align="center">1159</td>
<td align="center">891</td>
<td align="center">44</td>
<td align="center">213</td>
<td align="center">1148</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -938,34 +941,34 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">E. coli</td>
<td align="center">GEN</td>
<td align="center">4060</td>
<td align="center">4004</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">584</td>
<td align="center">4644</td>
<td align="center">569</td>
<td align="center">4573</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">K. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">GEN</td>
<td align="center">1052</td>
<td align="center">1048</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">107</td>
<td align="center">1159</td>
<td align="center">100</td>
<td align="center">1148</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">S. aureus</td>
<td align="center">GEN</td>
<td align="center">2426</td>
<td align="center">2444</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">305</td>
<td align="center">2731</td>
<td align="center">293</td>
<td align="center">2737</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">S. pneumoniae</td>
<td align="center">GEN</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">2125</td>
<td align="center">2125</td>
<td align="center">2126</td>
<td align="center">2126</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -979,7 +982,7 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<p>As per the EUCAST guideline of 2019, we calculate resistance as the proportion of R (<code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_R()</a></code>, equal to <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">resistance()</a></code>) and susceptibility as the proportion of S and I (<code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">proportion_SI()</a></code>, equal to <code><a href="../reference/proportion.html">susceptibility()</a></code>). These functions can be used on their own:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb26"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">data_1st</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/proportion.html">resistance</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">AMX</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># [1] 0.5388873</span></code></pre></div>
<span class="co"># [1] 0.5377929</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Or can be used in conjunction with <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/group_by.html" class="external-link">group_by()</a></code> and <code><a href="https://dplyr.tidyverse.org/reference/summarise.html" class="external-link">summarise()</a></code>, both from the <code>dplyr</code> package:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb27"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">data_1st</span> <span class="op">%&gt;%</span>
@ -993,19 +996,19 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">0.5379610</td>
<td align="center">0.5389338</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">0.5353400</td>
<td align="center">0.5440860</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">0.5317705</td>
<td align="center">0.5516820</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">0.5521531</td>
<td align="center">0.5145267</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1024,23 +1027,23 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital A</td>
<td align="center">0.5379610</td>
<td align="center">3227</td>
<td align="center">0.5389338</td>
<td align="center">3095</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital B</td>
<td align="center">0.5353400</td>
<td align="center">3721</td>
<td align="center">0.5440860</td>
<td align="center">3720</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Hospital C</td>
<td align="center">0.5317705</td>
<td align="center">1621</td>
<td align="center">0.5516820</td>
<td align="center">1635</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Hospital D</td>
<td align="center">0.5521531</td>
<td align="center">2090</td>
<td align="center">0.5145267</td>
<td align="center">2134</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1061,27 +1064,27 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Escherichia</td>
<td align="center">0.7715332</td>
<td align="center">0.8742463</td>
<td align="center">0.9773902</td>
<td align="center">0.7762956</td>
<td align="center">0.8755740</td>
<td align="center">0.9781325</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Klebsiella</td>
<td align="center">0.8144953</td>
<td align="center">0.9076790</td>
<td align="center">0.9861950</td>
<td align="center">0.8144599</td>
<td align="center">0.9128920</td>
<td align="center">0.9782230</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="center">Staphylococcus</td>
<td align="center">0.8000732</td>
<td align="center">0.8883193</td>
<td align="center">0.9791285</td>
<td align="center">0.7939350</td>
<td align="center">0.8929485</td>
<td align="center">0.9839240</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="center">Streptococcus</td>
<td align="center">0.5331765</td>
<td align="center">0.5352775</td>
<td align="center">0.0000000</td>
<td align="center">0.5331765</td>
<td align="center">0.5352775</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1100,29 +1103,29 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<table class="table">
<thead><tr class="header">
<th align="left">hospital</th>
<th align="right">amoxicillin</th>
<th align="right">amoxicillin_clavulanic_acid</th>
<th align="right">Amoxicillin</th>
<th align="right">Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid</th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">Hospital A</td>
<td align="right">53.8%</td>
<td align="right">26.0%</td>
<td align="right">53.9%</td>
<td align="right">25.8%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">Hospital B</td>
<td align="right">53.5%</td>
<td align="right">26.9%</td>
<td align="right">54.4%</td>
<td align="right">27.2%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">Hospital C</td>
<td align="right">53.2%</td>
<td align="right">26.3%</td>
<td align="right">55.2%</td>
<td align="right">27.8%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">Hospital D</td>
<td align="right">55.2%</td>
<td align="right">26.2%</td>
<td align="right">51.5%</td>
<td align="right">24.6%</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
@ -1206,16 +1209,18 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">mic_values</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/random.html">random_mic</a></span><span class="op">(</span>size <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">100</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="va">mic_values</span>
<span class="co"># Class &lt;mic&gt;</span>
<span class="co"># [1] 0.125 128 0.25 16 0.125 32 0.125 0.0625 8 0.025 </span>
<span class="co"># [11] 0.125 128 0.01 16 1 8 0.005 0.005 64 0.005 </span>
<span class="co"># [21] 128 16 0.025 128 0.5 0.005 0.025 0.001 64 0.001 </span>
<span class="co"># [31] 32 2 256 8 128 32 256 0.5 0.125 1 </span>
<span class="co"># [41] 0.01 128 0.01 64 1 128 64 0.01 0.025 0.005 </span>
<span class="co"># [51] 128 0.0625 8 256 64 32 0.001 0.025 0.5 0.0625</span>
<span class="co"># [61] 0.5 0.002 0.002 0.01 0.0625 128 128 0.01 0.5 256 </span>
<span class="co"># [71] 0.0625 256 0.25 0.025 0.025 8 256 0.002 0.025 0.025 </span>
<span class="co"># [81] 0.002 1 0.005 32 128 256 256 0.005 16 0.025 </span>
<span class="co"># [91] 0.25 0.025 0.002 64 16 2 1 0.0625 16 256</span></code></pre></div>
<span class="co"># [1] 0.0625 256 32 0.002 &lt;=0.001 256 0.5 0.025 0.5 </span>
<span class="co"># [10] 2 0.002 0.005 0.005 1 32 0.01 0.002 64 </span>
<span class="co"># [19] 0.25 4 0.025 0.125 0.005 1 2 0.002 0.25 </span>
<span class="co"># [28] 0.25 32 2 0.25 0.25 0.005 0.5 0.002 0.002 </span>
<span class="co"># [37] 8 0.25 2 2 0.005 0.5 64 128 2 </span>
<span class="co"># [46] 64 0.0625 0.002 1 0.01 16 0.125 64 4 </span>
<span class="co"># [55] 16 2 32 0.025 256 16 1 0.005 32 </span>
<span class="co"># [64] 16 0.01 0.025 4 0.0625 0.125 0.025 0.5 0.5 </span>
<span class="co"># [73] 0.025 128 0.01 0.025 256 0.25 1 64 0.125 </span>
<span class="co"># [82] 2 &lt;=0.001 0.25 8 0.0625 4 16 0.025 64 </span>
<span class="co"># [91] 8 0.01 0.0625 8 128 0.5 4 0.002 0.5 </span>
<span class="co"># [100] 64</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb37"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="co"># base R:</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/plot.html">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">mic_values</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>
@ -1244,10 +1249,10 @@ Longest: 24</p>
<span class="co"># to review it.</span>
<span class="va">disk_values</span>
<span class="co"># Class &lt;disk&gt;</span>
<span class="co"># [1] 28 23 25 19 26 25 18 26 28 20 17 17 27 22 22 22 26 28 21 19 30 22 17 30 30</span>
<span class="co"># [26] 22 29 17 21 20 17 29 22 21 29 30 26 30 18 17 24 20 20 31 31 22 22 22 27 28</span>
<span class="co"># [51] 23 19 21 19 24 20 27 29 18 21 24 24 29 20 21 22 21 25 26 24 27 31 17 23 29</span>
<span class="co"># [76] 31 21 29 31 24 23 26 26 25 22 26 28 26 22 25 17 29 21 21 30 18 18 23 31 27</span></code></pre></div>
<span class="co"># [1] 18 22 30 28 29 31 18 21 17 31 28 25 21 22 29 26 21 30 17 20 18 21 26 19 24</span>
<span class="co"># [26] 17 30 17 26 19 29 23 23 22 26 25 20 25 29 20 28 29 31 24 23 26 29 20 17 17</span>
<span class="co"># [51] 27 18 18 29 17 20 21 24 30 17 25 27 21 30 28 26 27 20 22 19 19 24 21 28 22</span>
<span class="co"># [76] 24 21 28 24 17 29 23 31 28 25 20 18 18 30 31 17 18 17 28 24 22 24 31 25 31</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb43"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="co"># base R:</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="../reference/plot.html">plot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">disk_values</span>, mo <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"E. coli"</span>, ab <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"cipro"</span><span class="op">)</span></code></pre></div>

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
// Hide empty <a> tag within highlighted CodeBlock for screen reader accessibility (see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/issues/6352#issuecomment-626106786) -->
// v0.0.1
// Written by JooYoung Seo (jooyoung@psu.edu) and Atsushi Yasumoto on June 1st, 2020.
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const codeList = document.getElementsByClassName("sourceCode");
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if (linkList[j].innerHTML === "") {
linkList[j].setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
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}
}
});

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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
/* Styles for section anchors */
a.anchor-section {margin-left: 10px; visibility: hidden; color: inherit;}
a.anchor-section::before {content: '#';}
.hasAnchor:hover a.anchor-section {visibility: visible;}

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@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
// Anchor sections v1.0 written by Atsushi Yasumoto on Oct 3rd, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Do nothing if AnchorJS is used
if (typeof window.anchors === 'object' && anchors.hasOwnProperty('hasAnchorJSLink')) {
return;
}
const h = document.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6');
// Do nothing if sections are already anchored
if (Array.from(h).some(x => x.classList.contains('hasAnchor'))) {
return null;
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// Use section id when pandoc runs with --section-divs
const section_id = function(x) {
return ((x.classList.contains('section') || (x.tagName === 'SECTION'))
? x.id : '');
};
// Add anchors
h.forEach(function(x) {
const id = x.id || section_id(x.parentElement);
if (id === '') {
return null;
}
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = '#' + id;
anchor.classList = ['anchor-section'];
x.classList.add('hasAnchor');
x.appendChild(anchor);
});
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="How to apply EUCAST rules">
<meta property="og:description" content="AMR">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
<!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
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<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
// Hide empty <a> tag within highlighted CodeBlock for screen reader accessibility (see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/issues/6352#issuecomment-626106786) -->
// v0.0.1
// Written by JooYoung Seo (jooyoung@psu.edu) and Atsushi Yasumoto on June 1st, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
const codeList = document.getElementsByClassName("sourceCode");
for (var i = 0; i < codeList.length; i++) {
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if (linkList[j].innerHTML === "") {
linkList[j].setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
}
}
}
});

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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
/* Styles for section anchors */
a.anchor-section {margin-left: 10px; visibility: hidden; color: inherit;}
a.anchor-section::before {content: '#';}
.hasAnchor:hover a.anchor-section {visibility: visible;}

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@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
// Anchor sections v1.0 written by Atsushi Yasumoto on Oct 3rd, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Do nothing if AnchorJS is used
if (typeof window.anchors === 'object' && anchors.hasOwnProperty('hasAnchorJSLink')) {
return;
}
const h = document.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6');
// Do nothing if sections are already anchored
if (Array.from(h).some(x => x.classList.contains('hasAnchor'))) {
return null;
}
// Use section id when pandoc runs with --section-divs
const section_id = function(x) {
return ((x.classList.contains('section') || (x.tagName === 'SECTION'))
? x.id : '');
};
// Add anchors
h.forEach(function(x) {
const id = x.id || section_id(x.parentElement);
if (id === '') {
return null;
}
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = '#' + id;
anchor.classList = ['anchor-section'];
x.classList.add('hasAnchor');
x.appendChild(anchor);
});
});

12
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/EUCAST_files/header-attrs-2.4/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/EUCAST_files/header-attrs-2.6/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/EUCAST_files/header-attrs-2.8/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

61
docs/articles/MDR.html
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@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="How to determine multi-drug resistance (MDR)">
<meta property="og:description" content="AMR">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
<!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -262,7 +265,7 @@
<p>The outcome of the function can be used for the <code>guideline</code> argument in the <code><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro()</a></code> function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mdro.html">mdro</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">example_isolates</span>, guideline <span class="op">=</span> <span class="va">custom</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Determining MDROs based on custom rules, resulting in [factor] levels:</span>
<span class="co"># Determining MDROs based on custom rules, resulting in factor levels:</span>
<span class="co"># Negative &lt; Elderly Type A &lt; Elderly Type B.</span>
<span class="co"># - Custom MDRO rule 1: `CIP == "R" &amp; age &gt; 60` (198 rows matched)</span>
<span class="co"># - Custom MDRO rule 2: `ERY == "R" &amp; age &gt; 60` (732 rows matched)</span>
@ -361,17 +364,17 @@ Unique: 2</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html" class="external-link">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">my_TB_data</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># rifampicin isoniazid gatifloxacin ethambutol pyrazinamide moxifloxacin</span>
<span class="co"># 1 I S S R I S</span>
<span class="co"># 2 R R R R S R</span>
<span class="co"># 3 R R R I S S</span>
<span class="co"># 4 R S I R R R</span>
<span class="co"># 5 R S S S I R</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S I S S S I</span>
<span class="co"># 1 R S I S R R</span>
<span class="co"># 2 I R S S S I</span>
<span class="co"># 3 S I I S S I</span>
<span class="co"># 4 S I I R S S</span>
<span class="co"># 5 S I S S R I</span>
<span class="co"># 6 S R S I S I</span>
<span class="co"># kanamycin</span>
<span class="co"># 1 S</span>
<span class="co"># 2 S</span>
<span class="co"># 1 I</span>
<span class="co"># 2 R</span>
<span class="co"># 3 I</span>
<span class="co"># 4 S</span>
<span class="co"># 4 I</span>
<span class="co"># 5 I</span>
<span class="co"># 6 I</span></code></pre></div>
<p>We can now add the interpretation of MDR-TB to our data set. You can use:</p>
@ -416,40 +419,40 @@ Unique: 5</p>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">1</td>
<td align="left">Mono-resistant</td>
<td align="right">3175</td>
<td align="right">63.50%</td>
<td align="right">3175</td>
<td align="right">63.50%</td>
<td align="right">3169</td>
<td align="right">63.38%</td>
<td align="right">3169</td>
<td align="right">63.38%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">2</td>
<td align="left">Negative</td>
<td align="right">1014</td>
<td align="right">20.28%</td>
<td align="right">4189</td>
<td align="right">83.78%</td>
<td align="right">1049</td>
<td align="right">20.98%</td>
<td align="right">4218</td>
<td align="right">84.36%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">3</td>
<td align="left">Multi-drug-resistant</td>
<td align="right">445</td>
<td align="right">8.90%</td>
<td align="right">4634</td>
<td align="right">92.68%</td>
<td align="right">458</td>
<td align="right">9.16%</td>
<td align="right">4676</td>
<td align="right">93.52%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td align="left">4</td>
<td align="left">Poly-resistant</td>
<td align="right">272</td>
<td align="right">5.44%</td>
<td align="right">4906</td>
<td align="right">98.12%</td>
<td align="right">240</td>
<td align="right">4.80%</td>
<td align="right">4916</td>
<td align="right">98.32%</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td align="left">5</td>
<td align="left">Extensively drug-resistant</td>
<td align="right">94</td>
<td align="right">1.88%</td>
<td align="right">84</td>
<td align="right">1.68%</td>
<td align="right">5000</td>
<td align="right">100.00%</td>
</tr>

15
docs/articles/MDR_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js
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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
// Hide empty <a> tag within highlighted CodeBlock for screen reader accessibility (see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/issues/6352#issuecomment-626106786) -->
// v0.0.1
// Written by JooYoung Seo (jooyoung@psu.edu) and Atsushi Yasumoto on June 1st, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
const codeList = document.getElementsByClassName("sourceCode");
for (var i = 0; i < codeList.length; i++) {
var linkList = codeList[i].getElementsByTagName('a');
for (var j = 0; j < linkList.length; j++) {
if (linkList[j].innerHTML === "") {
linkList[j].setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
}
}
}
});

4
docs/articles/MDR_files/anchor-sections-1.0/anchor-sections.css
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
/* Styles for section anchors */
a.anchor-section {margin-left: 10px; visibility: hidden; color: inherit;}
a.anchor-section::before {content: '#';}
.hasAnchor:hover a.anchor-section {visibility: visible;}

33
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@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
// Anchor sections v1.0 written by Atsushi Yasumoto on Oct 3rd, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Do nothing if AnchorJS is used
if (typeof window.anchors === 'object' && anchors.hasOwnProperty('hasAnchorJSLink')) {
return;
}
const h = document.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6');
// Do nothing if sections are already anchored
if (Array.from(h).some(x => x.classList.contains('hasAnchor'))) {
return null;
}
// Use section id when pandoc runs with --section-divs
const section_id = function(x) {
return ((x.classList.contains('section') || (x.tagName === 'SECTION'))
? x.id : '');
};
// Add anchors
h.forEach(function(x) {
const id = x.id || section_id(x.parentElement);
if (id === '') {
return null;
}
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = '#' + id;
anchor.classList = ['anchor-section'];
x.classList.add('hasAnchor');
x.appendChild(anchor);
});
});

12
docs/articles/MDR_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/MDR_files/header-attrs-2.4/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/MDR_files/header-attrs-2.6/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/MDR_files/header-attrs-2.8/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

5
docs/articles/PCA.html
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@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="How to conduct principal component analysis (PCA) for AMR">
<meta property="og:description" content="AMR">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
<!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>

15
docs/articles/PCA_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js
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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
// Hide empty <a> tag within highlighted CodeBlock for screen reader accessibility (see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/issues/6352#issuecomment-626106786) -->
// v0.0.1
// Written by JooYoung Seo (jooyoung@psu.edu) and Atsushi Yasumoto on June 1st, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
const codeList = document.getElementsByClassName("sourceCode");
for (var i = 0; i < codeList.length; i++) {
var linkList = codeList[i].getElementsByTagName('a');
for (var j = 0; j < linkList.length; j++) {
if (linkList[j].innerHTML === "") {
linkList[j].setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
}
}
}
});

4
docs/articles/PCA_files/anchor-sections-1.0/anchor-sections.css
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
/* Styles for section anchors */
a.anchor-section {margin-left: 10px; visibility: hidden; color: inherit;}
a.anchor-section::before {content: '#';}
.hasAnchor:hover a.anchor-section {visibility: visible;}

33
docs/articles/PCA_files/anchor-sections-1.0/anchor-sections.js
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@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
// Anchor sections v1.0 written by Atsushi Yasumoto on Oct 3rd, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Do nothing if AnchorJS is used
if (typeof window.anchors === 'object' && anchors.hasOwnProperty('hasAnchorJSLink')) {
return;
}
const h = document.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6');
// Do nothing if sections are already anchored
if (Array.from(h).some(x => x.classList.contains('hasAnchor'))) {
return null;
}
// Use section id when pandoc runs with --section-divs
const section_id = function(x) {
return ((x.classList.contains('section') || (x.tagName === 'SECTION'))
? x.id : '');
};
// Add anchors
h.forEach(function(x) {
const id = x.id || section_id(x.parentElement);
if (id === '') {
return null;
}
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = '#' + id;
anchor.classList = ['anchor-section'];
x.classList.add('hasAnchor');
x.appendChild(anchor);
});
});

12
docs/articles/PCA_files/header-attrs-2.3/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/PCA_files/header-attrs-2.4/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/PCA_files/header-attrs-2.6/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
docs/articles/PCA_files/header-attrs-2.8/header-attrs.js
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

9
docs/articles/SPSS.html
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@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="How to import data from SPSS / SAS / Stata">
<meta property="og:description" content="AMR">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
<!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -195,7 +198,7 @@
<h1 data-toc-skip>How to import data from SPSS / SAS / Stata</h1>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="author">Matthijs S. Berends</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">23 July 2021</h4>
<h4 data-toc-skip class="date">16 August 2021</h4>
<small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/vignettes/SPSS.Rmd" class="external-link"><code>vignettes/SPSS.Rmd</code></a></small>
<div class="hidden name"><code>SPSS.Rmd</code></div>
@ -230,7 +233,7 @@
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>R has a huge community.</strong></p>
<p>Many R users just ask questions on websites like <a href="https://stackoverflow.com" class="external-link">StackOverflow.com</a>, the largest online community for programmers. At the time of writing, <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/r?sort=votes" class="external-link">411,199 R-related questions</a> have already been asked on this platform (that covers questions and answers for any programming language). In my own experience, most questions are answered within a couple of minutes.</p>
<p>Many R users just ask questions on websites like <a href="https://stackoverflow.com" class="external-link">StackOverflow.com</a>, the largest online community for programmers. At the time of writing, <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/r?sort=votes" class="external-link">414,789 R-related questions</a> have already been asked on this platform (that covers questions and answers for any programming language). In my own experience, most questions are answered within a couple of minutes.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>R understands any data type, including SPSS/SAS/Stata.</strong></p>

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
// Hide empty <a> tag within highlighted CodeBlock for screen reader accessibility (see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/issues/6352#issuecomment-626106786) -->
// v0.0.1
// Written by JooYoung Seo (jooyoung@psu.edu) and Atsushi Yasumoto on June 1st, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
const codeList = document.getElementsByClassName("sourceCode");
for (var i = 0; i < codeList.length; i++) {
var linkList = codeList[i].getElementsByTagName('a');
for (var j = 0; j < linkList.length; j++) {
if (linkList[j].innerHTML === "") {
linkList[j].setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
}
}
}
});

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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
/* Styles for section anchors */
a.anchor-section {margin-left: 10px; visibility: hidden; color: inherit;}
a.anchor-section::before {content: '#';}
.hasAnchor:hover a.anchor-section {visibility: visible;}

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@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
// Anchor sections v1.0 written by Atsushi Yasumoto on Oct 3rd, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Do nothing if AnchorJS is used
if (typeof window.anchors === 'object' && anchors.hasOwnProperty('hasAnchorJSLink')) {
return;
}
const h = document.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6');
// Do nothing if sections are already anchored
if (Array.from(h).some(x => x.classList.contains('hasAnchor'))) {
return null;
}
// Use section id when pandoc runs with --section-divs
const section_id = function(x) {
return ((x.classList.contains('section') || (x.tagName === 'SECTION'))
? x.id : '');
};
// Add anchors
h.forEach(function(x) {
const id = x.id || section_id(x.parentElement);
if (id === '') {
return null;
}
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = '#' + id;
anchor.classList = ['anchor-section'];
x.classList.add('hasAnchor');
x.appendChild(anchor);
});
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

5
docs/articles/WHONET.html
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@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="How to work with WHONET data">
<meta property="og:description" content="AMR">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
<!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
// Hide empty <a> tag within highlighted CodeBlock for screen reader accessibility (see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/issues/6352#issuecomment-626106786) -->
// v0.0.1
// Written by JooYoung Seo (jooyoung@psu.edu) and Atsushi Yasumoto on June 1st, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
const codeList = document.getElementsByClassName("sourceCode");
for (var i = 0; i < codeList.length; i++) {
var linkList = codeList[i].getElementsByTagName('a');
for (var j = 0; j < linkList.length; j++) {
if (linkList[j].innerHTML === "") {
linkList[j].setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
}
}
}
});

4
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
/* Styles for section anchors */
a.anchor-section {margin-left: 10px; visibility: hidden; color: inherit;}
a.anchor-section::before {content: '#';}
.hasAnchor:hover a.anchor-section {visibility: visible;}

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@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
// Anchor sections v1.0 written by Atsushi Yasumoto on Oct 3rd, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Do nothing if AnchorJS is used
if (typeof window.anchors === 'object' && anchors.hasOwnProperty('hasAnchorJSLink')) {
return;
}
const h = document.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6');
// Do nothing if sections are already anchored
if (Array.from(h).some(x => x.classList.contains('hasAnchor'))) {
return null;
}
// Use section id when pandoc runs with --section-divs
const section_id = function(x) {
return ((x.classList.contains('section') || (x.tagName === 'SECTION'))
? x.id : '');
};
// Add anchors
h.forEach(function(x) {
const id = x.id || section_id(x.parentElement);
if (id === '') {
return null;
}
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = '#' + id;
anchor.classList = ['anchor-section'];
x.classList.add('hasAnchor');
x.appendChild(anchor);
});
});

12
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

12
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
// be compatible with the behavior of Pandoc < 2.8).
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(e) {
var hs = document.querySelectorAll("div.section[class*='level'] > :first-child");
var i, h, a;
for (i = 0; i < hs.length; i++) {
h = hs[i];
if (!/^h[1-6]$/i.test(h.tagName)) continue; // it should be a header h1-h6
a = h.attributes;
while (a.length > 0) h.removeAttribute(a[0].name);
}
});

73
docs/articles/benchmarks.html
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@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
<script src="../extra.js"></script><meta property="og:title" content="Benchmarks">
<meta property="og:description" content="AMR">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://msberends.github.io/AMR/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@msberends">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@univgroningen">
<!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
</button>
<span class="navbar-brand">
<a class="navbar-link" href="../index.html">AMR (for R)</a>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9022</span>
<span class="version label label-default" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Latest development version">1.7.1.9023</span>
</span>
</div>
@ -229,18 +232,18 @@
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">S.aureus</span>, unit <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("sau") 12.0 13.0 19.0 14 16.0 49 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("stau") 55.0 58.0 80.0 91 96.0 110 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAU") 57.0 63.0 79.0 66 96.0 110 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("staaur") 13.0 13.0 19.0 14 16.0 48 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAAUR") 13.0 13.0 22.0 15 17.0 48 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S. aureus") 27.0 30.0 42.0 33 62.0 67 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S aureus") 28.0 30.0 37.0 32 34.0 64 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus") 3.5 3.9 5.5 4 4.4 38 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)") 260.0 270.0 280.0 270 290.0 370 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Sthafilokkockus aaureuz") 170.0 200.0 210.0 210 230.0 250 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("MRSA") 13.0 14.0 20.0 15 15.0 51 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("VISA") 22.0 23.0 33.0 25 27.0 64 25</span></code></pre></div>
<span class="co"># as.mo("sau") 12.0 13.0 20.0 14.0 16.0 51 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("stau") 56.0 60.0 77.0 85.0 94.0 100 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAU") 54.0 59.0 78.0 85.0 95.0 100 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("staaur") 12.0 13.0 20.0 14.0 15.0 57 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("STAAUR") 13.0 13.0 19.0 14.0 16.0 51 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S. aureus") 27.0 29.0 39.0 34.0 50.0 64 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("S aureus") 27.0 30.0 43.0 33.0 60.0 70 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus") 3.8 4.1 5.5 4.5 4.7 31 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)") 250.0 270.0 280.0 280.0 290.0 390 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("Sthafilokkockus aaureuz") 190.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0 220 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("MRSA") 12.0 13.0 15.0 14.0 16.0 30 25</span>
<span class="co"># as.mo("VISA") 21.0 22.0 31.0 25.0 29.0 59 25</span></code></pre></div>
<p><img src="benchmarks_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-4-1.png" width="750"></p>
<p>In the table above, all measurements are shown in milliseconds (thousands of seconds). A value of 5 milliseconds means it can determine 200 input values per second. It case of 200 milliseconds, this is only 5 input values per second. It is clear that accepted taxonomic names are extremely fast, but some variations are up to 200 times slower to determine.</p>
<p>To improve performance, we implemented two important algorithms to save unnecessary calculations: <strong>repetitive results</strong> and <strong>already precalculated results</strong>.</p>
@ -262,8 +265,8 @@
<span class="co"># what do these values look like? They are of class &lt;mo&gt;:</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/utils/head.html" class="external-link">head</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Class &lt;mo&gt;</span>
<span class="co"># [1] B_SERRT_MRCS B_STRPT_ORLS B_STPHY_CPTS B_STPHY_HMNS B_ESCHR_COLI</span>
<span class="co"># [6] B_ESCHR_COLI</span>
<span class="co"># [1] B_STPHY_CONS B_ESCHR_COLI B_STPHY_CONS B_ESCHR_COLI B_ESCHR_COLI</span>
<span class="co"># [6] B_STPHY_HMNS</span>
<span class="co"># as the example_isolates data set has 2,000 rows, we should have 2 million items</span>
<span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/length.html" class="external-link">length</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>
@ -279,8 +282,8 @@
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">run_it</span>, unit <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">3</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># mo_name(x) 190 210 273 248 347 419 10</span></code></pre></div>
<p>So getting official taxonomic names of 2,000,000 (!!) items consisting of 90 unique values only takes 0.248 seconds. That is 124 nanoseconds on average. You only lose time on your unique input values.</p>
<span class="co"># mo_name(x) 188 197 265 241 348 419 10</span></code></pre></div>
<p>So getting official taxonomic names of 2,000,000 (!!) items consisting of 90 unique values only takes 0.241 seconds. That is 121 nanoseconds on average. You only lose time on your unique input values.</p>
</div>
<div id="precalculated-results" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
@ -294,9 +297,9 @@
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">run_it</span>, unit <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">3</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># A 8.72 9.35 9.96 10.20 10.40 11.10 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 24.20 25.00 31.40 27.10 27.50 77.90 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.80 1.84 2.20 2.18 2.59 2.67 10</span></code></pre></div>
<span class="co"># A 7.98 8.26 15.80 8.35 9.35 60.00 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 22.30 22.90 23.90 23.50 24.30 27.20 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.74 2.02 2.16 2.16 2.24 2.65 10</span></code></pre></div>
<p>So going from <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_name("Staphylococcus aureus")</a></code> to <code>"Staphylococcus aureus"</code> takes 0.0022 seconds - it doesn’t even start calculating <em>if the result would be the same as the expected resulting value</em>. That goes for all helper functions:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span class="va">run_it</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/pkg/microbenchmark/man/microbenchmark.html" class="external-link">microbenchmark</a></span><span class="op">(</span>A <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_species</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"aureus"</span><span class="op">)</span>,
@ -311,14 +314,14 @@
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">run_it</span>, unit <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">3</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># A 1.73 1.79 1.89 1.84 1.95 2.31 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 1.73 1.75 1.91 1.89 1.99 2.26 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.76 1.81 1.90 1.83 1.98 2.17 10</span>
<span class="co"># D 1.71 1.78 1.97 1.83 2.12 2.77 10</span>
<span class="co"># E 1.70 1.74 1.80 1.80 1.85 1.89 10</span>
<span class="co"># F 1.73 1.74 1.82 1.77 1.84 2.20 10</span>
<span class="co"># G 1.69 1.75 1.91 1.79 1.85 2.70 10</span>
<span class="co"># H 1.66 1.74 1.84 1.81 1.82 2.27 10</span></code></pre></div>
<span class="co"># A 1.65 1.67 1.74 1.69 1.83 1.89 10</span>
<span class="co"># B 1.64 1.65 1.72 1.69 1.78 1.86 10</span>
<span class="co"># C 1.67 1.75 1.84 1.80 1.87 2.19 10</span>
<span class="co"># D 1.65 1.68 1.77 1.72 1.80 2.14 10</span>
<span class="co"># E 1.65 1.68 1.97 1.75 2.18 2.89 10</span>
<span class="co"># F 1.57 1.64 1.71 1.67 1.74 2.02 10</span>
<span class="co"># G 1.62 1.67 1.79 1.68 1.72 2.71 10</span>
<span class="co"># H 1.63 1.70 1.84 1.72 2.04 2.27 10</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Of course, when running <code><a href="../reference/mo_property.html">mo_phylum("Firmicutes")</a></code> the function has zero knowledge about the actual microorganism, namely <em>S. aureus</em>. But since the result would be <code>"Firmicutes"</code> anyway, there is no point in calculating the result. And because this package contains all phyla of all known bacteria, it can just return the initial value immediately.</p>
</div>
<div id="results-in-other-languages" class="section level3">
@ -346,13 +349,13 @@
<span class="fu"><a href="https://docs.ropensci.org/skimr/reference/print.html" class="external-link">print</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">run_it</span>, unit <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"ms"</span>, signif <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">4</span><span class="op">)</span>
<span class="co"># Unit: milliseconds</span>
<span class="co"># expr min lq mean median uq max neval</span>
<span class="co"># en 20.17 20.83 23.58 21.44 22.59 69.64 100</span>
<span class="co"># de 31.48 32.42 42.10 34.02 36.34 204.60 100</span>
<span class="co"># nl 35.21 36.63 45.71 37.75 40.25 97.01 100</span>
<span class="co"># es 35.09 36.14 43.52 37.44 39.09 90.89 100</span>
<span class="co"># it 24.46 25.36 31.24 26.06 28.11 77.93 100</span>
<span class="co"># fr 24.11 25.02 29.21 25.70 27.61 74.69 100</span>
<span class="co"># pt 24.44 25.27 29.79 26.05 28.12 70.28 100</span></code></pre></div>
<span class="co"># en 19.21 19.99 26.19 20.57 22.10 194.10 100</span>
<span class="co"># de 30.22 31.42 42.42 32.36 35.01 94.70 100</span>
<span class="co"># nl 34.40 35.36 43.21 36.35 38.65 119.80 100</span>
<span class="co"># es 33.99 35.21 44.98 36.40 38.36 101.00 100</span>
<span class="co"># it 23.55 24.66 27.67 25.19 26.54 76.79 100</span>
<span class="co"># fr 23.47 24.32 27.80 25.02 26.51 82.05 100</span>
<span class="co"># pt 23.43 24.36 30.42 24.94 26.09 80.48 100</span></code></pre></div>
<p>Currently supported non-English languages are German, Dutch, Spanish, Italian, French and Portuguese.</p>
</div>
</div>

15
docs/articles/benchmarks_files/accessible-code-block-0.0.1/empty-anchor.js
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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
// Hide empty <a> tag within highlighted CodeBlock for screen reader accessibility (see https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/issues/6352#issuecomment-626106786) -->
// v0.0.1
// Written by JooYoung Seo (jooyoung@psu.edu) and Atsushi Yasumoto on June 1st, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
const codeList = document.getElementsByClassName("sourceCode");
for (var i = 0; i < codeList.length; i++) {
var linkList = codeList[i].getElementsByTagName('a');
for (var j = 0; j < linkList.length; j++) {
if (linkList[j].innerHTML === "") {
linkList[j].setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
}
}
}
});

4
docs/articles/benchmarks_files/anchor-sections-1.0/anchor-sections.css
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
/* Styles for section anchors */
a.anchor-section {margin-left: 10px; visibility: hidden; color: inherit;}
a.anchor-section::before {content: '#';}
.hasAnchor:hover a.anchor-section {visibility: visible;}

33
docs/articles/benchmarks_files/anchor-sections-1.0/anchor-sections.js
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@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
// Anchor sections v1.0 written by Atsushi Yasumoto on Oct 3rd, 2020.
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Do nothing if AnchorJS is used
if (typeof window.anchors === 'object' && anchors.hasOwnProperty('hasAnchorJSLink')) {
return;
}
const h = document.querySelectorAll('h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6');
// Do nothing if sections are already anchored
if (Array.from(h).some(x => x.classList.contains('hasAnchor'))) {
return null;
}
// Use section id when pandoc runs with --section-divs
const section_id = function(x) {
return ((x.classList.contains('section') || (x.tagName === 'SECTION'))
? x.id : '');
};
// Add anchors
h.forEach(function(x) {
const id = x.id || section_id(x.parentElement);
if (id === '') {
return null;
}
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = '#' + id;
anchor.classList = ['anchor-section'];
x.classList.add('hasAnchor');
x.appendChild(anchor);
});
});

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