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github-actions[bot] 8e522cd988 Python wrapper update 2026-09-08 13:04:10 +00:00
345 changed files with 1906 additions and 60466 deletions

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^.*\.Rproj$
^\.gitlab-ci\.R$
^\.gitlab-ci\.yml$
^\.Renviron$
^\.Rprofile$
^\.Rproj\.user$
^\.travis\.yml$
^\.zenodo\.json$
^_noinclude$
^_pkgdown\.yml$
^appveyor\.yml$
^codecov\.yml$
^cran-comments\.md$
^CRAN-RELEASE$
^doc$
^docs$
^git_.*\.sh$
^index\.md$
^installed_deps$
^Meta$
^pkgdown$
^public$
^data-raw$
R/aa_test.R$
^\.lintr$
^vignettes/benchmark.*
^vignettes/SPSS.*
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Meta
doc
.Renviron
.Rproj.user
.Rhistory
.RData
.Ruserdata
AMR.Rproj
tests/testthat/Rplots.pdf
inst/doc
/src/*.o
/src/*.o-*
/src/*.d
/src/*.so
_noinclude
*.dll
vignettes/*.R
.DS_Store
.Rprofile
^CRAN-RELEASE$
packrat/lib*/
packrat/src/
data-raw/taxon.tab
data-raw/DSMZ_bactnames.xlsx
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
install_if_needed <- function(pkg, repos, quiet) {
package_path <- find.package(pkg, quiet = quiet)
if (length(package_path) == 0) {
message("NOTE: pkg ", pkg, " missing, installing...")
install.packages(pkg, repos = repos, quiet = quiet)
}
}
gl_update_pkg_all <- function(repos = "https://cran.rstudio.com",
quiet = TRUE,
install_pkgdown = FALSE,
install_lintr = FALSE) {
# update existing
update.packages(ask = FALSE, repos = repos, quiet = quiet)
install_if_needed(pkg = "devtools", repos = repos, quiet = quiet)
if (install_pkgdown == TRUE) {
install_if_needed(pkg = "pkgdown", repos = repos, quiet = quiet)
}
if (install_lintr == TRUE) {
install_if_needed(pkg = "lintr", repos = repos, quiet = quiet)
}
devtools::install_dev_deps(repos = repos, quiet = quiet, upgrade = TRUE)
cat("INSTALLED:\n")
instld <- as.data.frame(installed.packages())
rownames(instld) <- NULL
print(instld[, c("Package", "Version")])
return(invisible(TRUE))
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
# to do a full CRAN check with R-Hub:
# chck <- rhub::check(devtools::build(), platform = c('debian-clang-devel', 'debian-gcc-devel', 'fedora-clang-devel', 'fedora-gcc-devel', 'windows-x86_64-devel', 'debian-gcc-patched', 'solaris-x86-patched', 'debian-gcc-release', 'windows-x86_64-release', 'macos-elcapitan-release', 'windows-x86_64-oldrel'))
stages:
- build
- test
- deploy
- lint
image: rocker/r-base
before_script:
- apt-get update -qq --allow-releaseinfo-change
# install dependencies for packages
- apt-get install -y wget locales libxml2-dev libssl-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev zlib1g-dev > /dev/null
# recent pandoc
- wget --quiet https://github.com/jgm/pandoc/releases/download/2.7.3/pandoc-2.7.3-1-amd64.deb
- dpkg -i pandoc*.deb
- rm pandoc*.deb
# set R system language
- echo "LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8" >> /etc/environment
- echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.gen
- echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
- locale-gen
# cache R packages
- mkdir -p installed_deps
- echo 'R_LIBS="installed_deps"' > .Renviron
- echo 'R_LIBS_USER="installed_deps"' >> .Renviron
- echo 'R_LIBS_SITE="installed_deps"' >> .Renviron
# set language
- echo 'LANGUAGE="en_US.utf8"' >> .Renviron
- echo 'LANG="en_US.utf8"' >> .Renviron
- echo 'LANGUAGE="en_US.utf8"' > ~/.Renviron
R-release:
stage: build
allow_failure: false
script:
- Rscript -e 'sessionInfo()'
# install missing and outdated packages
- Rscript -e 'source(".gitlab-ci.R"); gl_update_pkg_all(repos = "https://cran.rstudio.com", quiet = TRUE, install_pkgdown = TRUE, install_lintr = TRUE)'
# remove vignettes folder and get VignetteBuilder field out of DESCRIPTION file
- rm -rf vignettes
- Rscript -e 'd <- read.dcf("DESCRIPTION"); d[, colnames(d) == "VignetteBuilder"] <- NA; write.dcf(d, "DESCRIPTION")'
# build package
- R CMD build . --no-build-vignettes --no-manual
- PKG_FILE_NAME=$(ls -1t *.tar.gz | head -n 1)
- R CMD check "${PKG_FILE_NAME}" --no-build-vignettes --no-manual --as-cran
artifacts:
when: always
paths:
- '*.Rcheck/*'
expire_in: '1 month'
cache:
key: r350
paths:
- installed_deps/
R-devel:
stage: build
image: rocker/r-devel
allow_failure: false
script:
- Rscriptdevel -e 'sessionInfo()'
# install missing and outdated packages
- Rscriptdevel -e 'source(".gitlab-ci.R"); gl_update_pkg_all(repos = "https://cran.rstudio.com", quiet = TRUE)'
# remove vignettes folder and get VignetteBuilder field out of DESCRIPTION file
- rm -rf vignettes
- Rscriptdevel -e 'd <- read.dcf("DESCRIPTION"); d[, colnames(d) == "VignetteBuilder"] <- NA; write.dcf(d, "DESCRIPTION")'
# build package
- Rdevel CMD build . --no-build-vignettes --no-manual
- PKG_FILE_NAME=$(ls -1t *.tar.gz | head -n 1)
- Rdevel CMD check "${PKG_FILE_NAME}" --no-build-vignettes --no-manual --as-cran
artifacts:
when: always
paths:
- '*.Rcheck/*'
expire_in: '1 month'
cache:
key: r360
paths:
- installed_deps/
coverage:
stage: test
allow_failure: true
when: on_success
cache:
key: r350
paths:
- installed_deps/
policy: pull # no uploading after run
only:
- premaster
- master
script:
- apt-get install --yes git
# codecov token is set in https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/settings/ci_cd
- Rscript -e "cc <- covr::package_coverage(); covr::codecov(coverage = cc, token = '$codecov'); cat('Code coverage:', covr::percent_coverage(cc))"
coverage: '/Code coverage: \d+\.\d+/'
pages:
stage: deploy
when: always
only:
- master
script:
- mv docs public
artifacts:
paths:
- public
lintr:
stage: lint
when: on_success
cache:
key: r350
paths:
- installed_deps/
policy: pull # no uploading after run
only:
- premaster
- master
script:
# check all syntax with lintr
- Rscript -e 'lintr::lint_package()'
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linters: with_defaults(line_length_linter = NULL, trailing_whitespace_linter = NULL, object_name_linter = NULL, cyclocomp_linter = NULL, object_usage_linter = NULL, object_length_linter(length = 50L))
exclusions: list("R/mo_history.R", "tests/testthat/test-mo_history.R")
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Metadata-Version: 2.4
Name: AMR
Version: 3.0.1.9091
Summary: A Python wrapper for the AMR R package
Home-page: https://github.com/msberends/AMR
Author: Matthijs Berends
Author-email: m.s.berends@umcg.nl
License: GPL 2
Project-URL: Bug Tracker, https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Requires-Python: >=3.6
Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
Requires-Dist: rpy2
Requires-Dist: numpy
Requires-Dist: pandas
Dynamic: author
Dynamic: author-email
Dynamic: classifier
Dynamic: description
Dynamic: description-content-type
Dynamic: home-page
Dynamic: license
Dynamic: project-url
Dynamic: requires-dist
Dynamic: requires-python
Dynamic: summary
The `AMR` package for R is a powerful tool for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) analysis. It provides extensive features for handling microbial and antimicrobial data. However, for those who work primarily in Python, we now have a more intuitive option available: the [`AMR` Python package](https://pypi.org/project/AMR/).
This Python package is a wrapper around the `AMR` R package. It uses the `rpy2` package internally. Despite the need to have R installed, Python users can now easily work with AMR data directly through Python code.
# Prerequisites
This package was only tested with a [virtual environment (venv)](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html). You can set up such an environment by running:
```python
# linux and macOS:
python -m venv /path/to/new/virtual/environment
# Windows:
python -m venv C:\path\to\new\virtual\environment
```
Then you can [activate the environment](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html#how-venvs-work), after which the venv is ready to work with.
# Install AMR
1. Since the Python package is available on the official [Python Package Index](https://pypi.org/project/AMR/), you can just run:
```bash
pip install AMR
```
2. Make sure you have R installed. There is **no need to install the `AMR` R package**, as it will be installed automatically.
For Linux:
```bash
# Ubuntu / Debian
sudo apt install r-base
# Fedora:
sudo dnf install R
# CentOS/RHEL
sudo yum install R
```
For macOS (using [Homebrew](https://brew.sh)):
```bash
brew install r
```
For Windows, visit the [CRAN download page](https://cran.r-project.org) to download and install R.
# Examples of Usage
## Cleaning Taxonomy
Here’s an example that demonstrates how to clean microorganism and drug names using the `AMR` Python package:
```python
import pandas as pd
import AMR
# Sample data
data = {
"MOs": ['E. coli', 'ESCCOL', 'esco', 'Esche coli'],
"Drug": ['Cipro', 'CIP', 'J01MA02', 'Ciproxin']
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
# Use AMR functions to clean microorganism and drug names
df['MO_clean'] = AMR.mo_name(df['MOs'])
df['Drug_clean'] = AMR.ab_name(df['Drug'])
# Display the results
print(df)
```
| MOs | Drug | MO_clean | Drug_clean |
|-------------|-----------|--------------------|---------------|
| E. coli | Cipro | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
| ESCCOL | CIP | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
| esco | J01MA02 | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
| Esche coli | Ciproxin | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
### Explanation
* **mo_name:** This function standardises microorganism names. Here, different variations of *Escherichia coli* (such as "E. coli", "ESCCOL", "esco", and "Esche coli") are all converted into the correct, standardised form, "Escherichia coli".
* **ab_name**: Similarly, this function standardises antimicrobial names. The different representations of ciprofloxacin (e.g., "Cipro", "CIP", "J01MA02", and "Ciproxin") are all converted to the standard name, "Ciprofloxacin".
## Calculating AMR
```python
import AMR
import pandas as pd
df = AMR.example_isolates
result = AMR.resistance(df["AMX"])
print(result)
```
```
[0.59555556]
```
## Generating Antibiograms
One of the core functions of the `AMR` package is generating an antibiogram, a table that summarises the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates. Here’s how you can generate an antibiogram from Python:
```python
result2a = AMR.antibiogram(df[["mo", "AMX", "CIP", "TZP"]])
print(result2a)
```
| Pathogen | Amoxicillin | Ciprofloxacin | Piperacillin/tazobactam |
|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|--------------------------|
| CoNS | 7% (10/142) | 73% (183/252) | 30% (10/33) |
| E. coli | 50% (196/392) | 88% (399/456) | 94% (393/416) |
| K. pneumoniae | 0% (0/58) | 96% (53/55) | 89% (47/53) |
| P. aeruginosa | 0% (0/30) | 100% (30/30) | None |
| P. mirabilis | None | 94% (34/36) | None |
| S. aureus | 6% (8/131) | 90% (171/191) | None |
| S. epidermidis | 1% (1/91) | 64% (87/136) | None |
| S. hominis | None | 80% (56/70) | None |
| S. pneumoniae | 100% (112/112) | None | 100% (112/112) |
```python
result2b = AMR.antibiogram(df[["mo", "AMX", "CIP", "TZP"]], mo_transform = "gramstain")
print(result2b)
```
| Pathogen | Amoxicillin | Ciprofloxacin | Piperacillin/tazobactam |
|----------------|-----------------|------------------|--------------------------|
| Gram-negative | 36% (226/631) | 91% (621/684) | 88% (565/641) |
| Gram-positive | 43% (305/703) | 77% (560/724) | 86% (296/345) |
In this example, we generate an antibiogram by selecting various antibiotics.
## Taxonomic Data Sets Now in Python!
As a Python user, you might like that the most important data sets of the `AMR` R package, `microorganisms`, `antimicrobials`, `clinical_breakpoints`, and `example_isolates`, are now available as regular Python data frames:
```python
AMR.microorganisms
```
| mo | fullname | status | kingdom | gbif | gbif_parent | gbif_renamed_to | prevalence |
|--------------|------------------------------------|----------|----------|-----------|-------------|-----------------|------------|
| B_GRAMN | (unknown Gram-negatives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_GRAMP | (unknown Gram-positives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ANAER-NEG | (unknown anaerobic Gram-negatives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ANAER-POS | (unknown anaerobic Gram-positives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ANAER | (unknown anaerobic bacteria) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| B_ZYMMN_POMC | Zymomonas pomaceae | accepted | Bacteria | 10744418 | 3221412 | None | 2.0 |
| B_ZYMPH | Zymophilus | synonym | Bacteria | None | 9475166 | None | 2.0 |
| B_ZYMPH_PCVR | Zymophilus paucivorans | synonym | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ZYMPH_RFFN | Zymophilus raffinosivorans | synonym | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| F_ZYZYG | Zyzygomyces | unknown | Fungi | None | 7581 | None | 2.0 |
```python
AMR.antimicrobials
```
| ab | cid | name | group | oral_ddd | oral_units | iv_ddd | iv_units |
|-----|-------------|----------------------|----------------------------|----------|------------|--------|----------|
| AMA | 4649.0 | 4-aminosalicylic acid| Antimycobacterials | 12.00 | g | NaN | None |
| ACM | 6450012.0 | Acetylmidecamycin | Macrolides/lincosamides | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ASP | 49787020.0 | Acetylspiramycin | Macrolides/lincosamides | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ALS | 8954.0 | Aldesulfone sodium | Other antibacterials | 0.33 | g | NaN | None |
| AMK | 37768.0 | Amikacin | Aminoglycosides | NaN | None | 1.0 | g |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| VIR | 11979535.0 | Virginiamycine | Other antibacterials | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| VOR | 71616.0 | Voriconazole | Antifungals/antimycotics | 0.40 | g | 0.4 | g |
| XBR | 72144.0 | Xibornol | Other antibacterials | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ZID | 77846445.0 | Zidebactam | Other antibacterials | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ZFD | NaN | Zoliflodacin | None | NaN | None | NaN | None |
# Installation Channels
## Stable Release (CRAN)
The default `AMR` Python package uses the latest stable version of the `AMR` R package, published on CRAN. After running `pip install AMR`, import it as usual:
```python
import AMR
AMR.example_isolates
```
## Development Version (GitHub)
To use the latest development version of the `AMR` R package (sourced directly from GitHub), import the `beta` sub-package and alias it as `AMR`:
```python
import AMR.beta as AMR
AMR.example_isolates
```
Aliasing with `as AMR` keeps all downstream code identical to the stable import. Switching between the stable release and the development version requires changing only the import line — nothing else in your script needs to change.
# SIR Classification with `as_sir()`
## Using `enforce_method`
The `as_sir()` function in R uses S3 method dispatch to select the correct calculation method based on the input class: `<mic>` for MIC values and `<disk>` for disk diffusion values. Because Python objects do not carry R class attributes through the `rpy2` bridge, this automatic dispatch may not resolve correctly.
To explicitly specify the input type, use the `enforce_method` argument:
```python
# Treat the column as MIC values — maps to R's as.sir.mic()
AMR.as_sir(df["MIC_col"], mo="E. coli", ab="AMX", guideline="EUCAST", enforce_method="mic")
# Treat the column as disk diffusion values — maps to R's as.sir.disk()
AMR.as_sir(df["disk_col"], mo="E. coli", ab="AMX", guideline="EUCAST", enforce_method="disk")
```
Without `enforce_method`, R falls back to class-based dispatch on the raw Python input, which may fail or return unexpected results. Always supply `enforce_method` when calling `as_sir()` from Python.
# Conclusion
With the `AMR` Python package, Python users can now effortlessly call R functions from the `AMR` R package. This eliminates the need for complex `rpy2` configurations and provides a clean, easy-to-use interface for antimicrobial resistance analysis. The examples provided above demonstrate how this can be applied to typical workflows, such as standardising microorganism and antimicrobial names or calculating resistance.
By just running `import AMR`, users can seamlessly integrate the robust features of the R `AMR` package into Python workflows.
Whether you're cleaning data or analysing resistance patterns, the `AMR` Python package makes it easy to work with AMR data in Python.
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README.md
setup.py
AMR/__init__.py
AMR/_engine.py
AMR/beta.py
AMR/datasets.py
AMR/functions.py
AMR.egg-info/PKG-INFO
AMR.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
AMR.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
AMR.egg-info/requires.txt
AMR.egg-info/top_level.txt
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rpy2
numpy
pandas
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AMR
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import sys
_DATASETS = frozenset({
'example_isolates', 'microorganisms',
'antimicrobials', 'clinical_breakpoints'
})
class _AMRModule(type(sys.modules[__name__])):
"""Lazy-loading module: nothing runs until an attribute is accessed."""
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name in _DATASETS:
from .datasets import get
return get(name, source="cran")
try:
from . import functions
return getattr(functions, name)
except AttributeError:
raise AttributeError(
f"module 'AMR' has no attribute '{name}'")
sys.modules[__name__].__class__ = _AMRModule
from .functions import custom_eucast_rules
from .functions import ab_class
from .functions import ab_selector
from .functions import ab_from_text
from .functions import ab_name
from .functions import ab_cid
from .functions import ab_synonyms
from .functions import ab_tradenames
from .functions import ab_group
from .functions import ab_atc
from .functions import ab_atc_group1
from .functions import ab_atc_group2
from .functions import ab_loinc
from .functions import ab_ddd
from .functions import ab_ddd_units
from .functions import ab_info
from .functions import ab_url
from .functions import ab_property
from .functions import add_custom_antimicrobials
from .functions import clear_custom_antimicrobials
from .functions import add_custom_microorganisms
from .functions import clear_custom_microorganisms
from .functions import age
from .functions import age_groups
from .functions import all_sir
from .functions import all_sir_predictors
from .functions import all_mic
from .functions import all_mic_predictors
from .functions import all_disk
from .functions import all_disk_predictors
from .functions import step_mic_log2
from .functions import step_sir_numeric
from .functions import amr_course
from .functions import wisca
from .functions import antibiogram
from .functions import retrieve_wisca_parameters
from .functions import wisca_plot
from .functions import aminoglycosides
from .functions import aminopenicillins
from .functions import antifungals
from .functions import antimycobacterials
from .functions import betalactams
from .functions import betalactams_with_inhibitor
from .functions import carbapenems
from .functions import cephalosporins
from .functions import cephalosporins_1st
from .functions import cephalosporins_2nd
from .functions import cephalosporins_3rd
from .functions import cephalosporins_4th
from .functions import cephalosporins_5th
from .functions import fluoroquinolones
from .functions import glycopeptides
from .functions import ionophores
from .functions import isoxazolylpenicillins
from .functions import lincosamides
from .functions import lipoglycopeptides
from .functions import macrolides
from .functions import monobactams
from .functions import nitrofurans
from .functions import oxazolidinones
from .functions import penicillins
from .functions import peptides
from .functions import phenicols
from .functions import phosphonics
from .functions import polymyxins
from .functions import quinolones
from .functions import rifamycins
from .functions import spiropyrimidinetriones
from .functions import streptogramins
from .functions import sulfonamides
from .functions import tetracyclines
from .functions import trimethoprims
from .functions import ureidopenicillins
from .functions import amr_class
from .functions import amr_selector
from .functions import administrable_per_os
from .functions import administrable_iv
from .functions import not_intrinsic_resistant
from .functions import as_ab
from .functions import is_ab
from .functions import ab_reset_session
from .functions import as_av
from .functions import is_av
from .functions import as_disk
from .functions import is_disk
from .functions import as_mic
from .functions import is_mic
from .functions import rescale_mic
from .functions import mic_p50
from .functions import mic_p90
from .functions import as_mo
from .functions import is_mo
from .functions import mo_uncertainties
from .functions import mo_renamed
from .functions import mo_failures
from .functions import mo_reset_session
from .functions import mo_cleaning_regex
from .functions import as_sir
from .functions import is_sir
from .functions import is_sir_eligible
from .functions import sir_interpretation_history
from .functions import atc_online_property
from .functions import atc_online_groups
from .functions import atc_online_ddd
from .functions import atc_online_ddd_units
from .functions import av_from_text
from .functions import av_name
from .functions import av_cid
from .functions import av_synonyms
from .functions import av_tradenames
from .functions import av_group
from .functions import av_atc
from .functions import av_loinc
from .functions import av_ddd
from .functions import av_ddd_units
from .functions import av_info
from .functions import av_url
from .functions import av_property
from .functions import availability
from .functions import bug_drug_combinations
from .functions import count_resistant
from .functions import count_susceptible
from .functions import count_S
from .functions import count_SI
from .functions import count_I
from .functions import count_IR
from .functions import count_R
from .functions import count_all
from .functions import n_sir
from .functions import count_df
from .functions import custom_interpretive_rules
from .functions import custom_mdro_guideline
from .functions import export_ncbi_biosample
from .functions import first_isolate
from .functions import filter_first_isolate
from .functions import g_test
from .functions import is_new_episode
from .functions import ggplot_pca
from .functions import ggplot_sir
from .functions import geom_sir
from .functions import guess_ab_col
from .functions import interpretive_rules
from .functions import eucast_rules
from .functions import clsi_rules
from .functions import eucast_dosage
from .functions import italicise_taxonomy
from .functions import italicize_taxonomy
from .functions import inner_join_microorganisms
from .functions import left_join_microorganisms
from .functions import right_join_microorganisms
from .functions import full_join_microorganisms
from .functions import semi_join_microorganisms
from .functions import anti_join_microorganisms
from .functions import key_antimicrobials
from .functions import all_antimicrobials
from .functions import kurtosis
from .functions import like
from .functions import mdro
from .functions import brmo
from .functions import mrgn
from .functions import mdr_tb
from .functions import mdr_cmi2012
from .functions import eucast_exceptional_phenotypes
from .functions import mean_amr_distance
from .functions import amr_distance_from_row
from .functions import mo_matching_score
from .functions import mo_name
from .functions import mo_fullname
from .functions import mo_shortname
from .functions import mo_subspecies
from .functions import mo_species
from .functions import mo_genus
from .functions import mo_family
from .functions import mo_order
from .functions import mo_class
from .functions import mo_phylum
from .functions import mo_kingdom
from .functions import mo_domain
from .functions import mo_type
from .functions import mo_status
from .functions import mo_pathogenicity
from .functions import mo_gramstain
from .functions import mo_is_gram_negative
from .functions import mo_is_gram_positive
from .functions import mo_is_yeast
from .functions import mo_is_intrinsic_resistant
from .functions import mo_oxygen_tolerance
from .functions import mo_is_anaerobic
from .functions import mo_morphology
from .functions import mo_snomed
from .functions import mo_ref
from .functions import mo_authors
from .functions import mo_year
from .functions import mo_lpsn
from .functions import mo_mycobank
from .functions import mo_gbif
from .functions import mo_rank
from .functions import mo_taxonomy
from .functions import mo_synonyms
from .functions import mo_current
from .functions import mo_group_members
from .functions import mo_info
from .functions import mo_url
from .functions import mo_property
from .functions import pca
from .functions import theme_sir
from .functions import labels_sir_count
from .functions import resistance
from .functions import susceptibility
from .functions import sir_confidence_interval
from .functions import proportion_R
from .functions import proportion_IR
from .functions import proportion_I
from .functions import proportion_SI
from .functions import proportion_S
from .functions import proportion_df
from .functions import sir_df
from .functions import random_mic
from .functions import random_disk
from .functions import random_sir
from .functions import resistance_predict
from .functions import sir_predict
from .functions import ggplot_sir_predict
from .functions import skewness
from .functions import top_n_microorganisms
from .functions import reset_AMR_locale
from .functions import translate_AMR
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import os
import sys
import importlib.metadata as metadata
# Get the path to the virtual environment
venv_path = sys.prefix
r_lib_path = os.path.join(venv_path, "R_libs")
os.makedirs(r_lib_path, exist_ok=True)
# Set environment variable before importing rpy2
os.environ['R_LIBS_SITE'] = r_lib_path
from rpy2 import robjects
from rpy2.robjects.vectors import StrVector
from rpy2.robjects.packages import importr, isinstalled
# Import base and utils once
base = importr('base')
utils = importr('utils')
# Silence R console output entirely
robjects.r('suppressMessages(suppressWarnings(sink(tempfile())))')
base._libPaths(r_lib_path)
_installed_source = None
def _r_version():
"""Return the currently installed AMR R package version, or None."""
try:
return str(robjects.r(
f'as.character(packageVersion("AMR", lib.loc = "{r_lib_path}"))')[0])
except Exception:
return None
def _py_version():
"""Return the Python AMR package version from metadata, or empty string."""
try:
return str(metadata.version('AMR'))
except metadata.PackageNotFoundError:
return ''
def _install_cran():
"""Install AMR from CRAN into the isolated library."""
print("AMR: Installing from CRAN...", flush=True)
utils.install_packages(
'AMR',
repos='https://cloud.r-project.org',
lib=r_lib_path,
quiet=True
)
def _install_github():
"""Install AMR development version from GitHub into the isolated library."""
print("AMR: Installing development version from GitHub...", flush=True)
utils.install_packages(
StrVector(['remotes', 'desc']),
repos='https://cloud.r-project.org',
lib=r_lib_path,
quiet=True
)
remotes = importr('remotes', lib_loc=r_lib_path)
remotes.install_github('msberends/AMR', lib=r_lib_path, quiet=True)
def ensure_amr(source="cran"):
"""Ensure AMR is installed from the requested source. Idempotent per source."""
global _installed_source
if _installed_source == source:
return
install_fn = _install_github if source == "github" else _install_cran
if not isinstalled('AMR', lib_loc=r_lib_path):
install_fn()
else:
# Check for version mismatch and update if needed
r_ver = _r_version()
py_ver = _py_version()
if r_ver != py_ver:
try:
install_fn()
except Exception as e:
print(f"AMR: Could not update ({e})", flush=True)
print(f"AMR: R package version {_r_version()} ready.", flush=True)
_installed_source = source
def restore_sink():
"""Restore R console output after setup is complete."""
try:
robjects.r('sink()')
except Exception:
pass
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import sys
_DATASETS = frozenset({
'example_isolates', 'microorganisms',
'antimicrobials', 'clinical_breakpoints'
})
class _BetaModule(type(sys.modules[__name__])):
"""Lazy-loading module: installs AMR from GitHub on first access."""
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name in _DATASETS:
from .datasets import get
return get(name, source="github")
try:
from . import functions
return getattr(functions, name)
except AttributeError:
raise AttributeError(
f"module 'AMR.beta' has no attribute '{name}'")
sys.modules[__name__].__class__ = _BetaModule
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import pandas as pd
from rpy2 import robjects
from rpy2.robjects.conversion import localconverter
from rpy2.robjects import default_converter, numpy2ri, pandas2ri
from ._engine import ensure_amr, restore_sink
_cache = {}
_loaded_source = None
def _load_datasets(source="cran"):
"""Load all AMR datasets into the module cache."""
global _loaded_source
if _cache and _loaded_source == source:
return
if _cache and _loaded_source != source:
_cache.clear()
ensure_amr(source)
with localconverter(default_converter + numpy2ri.converter + pandas2ri.converter):
_cache['example_isolates'] = _load_example_isolates()
_cache['microorganisms'] = robjects.r(
'AMR::microorganisms[, !sapply(AMR::microorganisms, is.list)]')
_cache['antimicrobials'] = robjects.r(
'AMR::antimicrobials[, !sapply(AMR::antimicrobials, is.list)]')
_cache['clinical_breakpoints'] = robjects.r(
'AMR::clinical_breakpoints[, !sapply(AMR::clinical_breakpoints, is.list)]')
restore_sink()
_loaded_source = source
def _load_example_isolates():
df = robjects.r('''
df <- AMR::example_isolates
df[] <- lapply(df, function(x) {
if (inherits(x, c("Date", "POSIXt", "factor"))) {
as.character(x)
} else {
x
}
})
df <- df[, !sapply(df, is.list)]
df
''')
df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'])
return df
def get(name, source="cran"):
"""Retrieve a dataset by name, installing AMR if needed."""
_load_datasets(source)
return _cache[name]
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import functools
import rpy2.robjects as robjects
from rpy2.robjects.packages import importr
from rpy2.robjects.vectors import StrVector, FactorVector, IntVector, FloatVector, DataFrame
from rpy2.robjects.conversion import localconverter
from rpy2.robjects import default_converter, numpy2ri, pandas2ri
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from ._engine import ensure_amr
# Ensure AMR is available before importing it in R
ensure_amr("cran")
amr_r = importr('AMR')
def convert_to_r(value):
"""Convert Python lists/tuples to typed R vectors.
rpy2's default_converter passes Python lists to R as R lists, not as
character/numeric vectors. This causes element-wise type-check functions
such as is.mic(), is.sir(), and is.disk() to return a logical vector
rather than a single logical, breaking R's scalar && operator.
This helper converts Python lists and tuples to the appropriate R vector
type based on the element types, so R always receives a proper vector."""
if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
if len(value) == 0:
return StrVector([])
# bool must be checked before int because bool is a subclass of int
if all(isinstance(v, bool) for v in value):
return robjects.vectors.BoolVector(value)
if all(isinstance(v, int) for v in value):
return IntVector(value)
if all(isinstance(v, float) for v in value):
return FloatVector(value)
if all(isinstance(v, str) for v in value):
return StrVector(value)
# Mixed types: coerce all to string
return StrVector([str(v) for v in value])
return value
def convert_to_python(r_output):
# Check if it's a StrVector (R character vector)
if isinstance(r_output, StrVector):
return list(r_output) # Convert to a Python list of strings
# Check if it's a FactorVector (R factor)
elif isinstance(r_output, FactorVector):
return list(r_output) # Convert to a list of integers (factor levels)
# Check if it's an IntVector or FloatVector (numeric R vectors)
elif isinstance(r_output, (IntVector, FloatVector)):
return list(r_output) # Convert to a Python list of integers or floats
# Check if it's a pandas-compatible R data frame
elif isinstance(r_output, (pd.DataFrame, DataFrame)):
return r_output # Return as pandas DataFrame (already converted by pandas2ri)
# Check if the input is a NumPy array and has a string data type
if isinstance(r_output, np.ndarray) and np.issubdtype(r_output.dtype, np.str_):
return r_output.tolist() # Convert to a regular Python list
# Fall-back
return r_output
def r_to_python(r_func):
"""Decorator that converts Python list/tuple inputs to typed R vectors,
runs the rpy2 function under a localconverter, and converts the output
to a Python type."""
@functools.wraps(r_func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
args = tuple(convert_to_r(a) for a in args)
kwargs = {k: convert_to_r(v) for k, v in kwargs.items()}
with localconverter(default_converter + numpy2ri.converter + pandas2ri.converter):
return convert_to_python(r_func(*args, **kwargs))
return wrapper
@r_to_python
def custom_eucast_rules(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.custom_eucast_rules(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_class(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_class(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_selector(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_selector(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_from_text(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_from_text(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_name(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_name(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_cid(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_cid(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_synonyms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_synonyms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_tradenames(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_tradenames(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_group(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_group(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_atc(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_atc(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_atc_group1(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_atc_group1(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_atc_group2(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_atc_group2(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_loinc(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_loinc(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_ddd(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_ddd(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_ddd_units(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_ddd_units(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_info(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_info(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_url(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_url(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ab_property(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_property(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def add_custom_antimicrobials(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.add_custom_antimicrobials(x)
@r_to_python
def clear_custom_antimicrobials(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.clear_custom_antimicrobials(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def add_custom_microorganisms(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.add_custom_microorganisms(x)
@r_to_python
def clear_custom_microorganisms(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.clear_custom_microorganisms(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def age(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.age(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def age_groups(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.age_groups(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def all_sir(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.all_sir(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def all_sir_predictors(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.all_sir_predictors(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def all_mic(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.all_mic(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def all_mic_predictors(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.all_mic_predictors(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def all_disk(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.all_disk(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def all_disk_predictors(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.all_disk_predictors(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def step_mic_log2(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.step_mic_log2(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def step_sir_numeric(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.step_sir_numeric(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def amr_course(github_repo, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.amr_course(github_repo, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def wisca(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.wisca(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def antibiogram(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.antibiogram(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def retrieve_wisca_parameters(wisca_model, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.retrieve_wisca_parameters(wisca_model, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def wisca_plot(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.wisca_plot(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def aminoglycosides(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.aminoglycosides(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def aminopenicillins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.aminopenicillins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def antifungals(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.antifungals(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def antimycobacterials(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.antimycobacterials(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def betalactams(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.betalactams(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def betalactams_with_inhibitor(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.betalactams_with_inhibitor(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def carbapenems(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.carbapenems(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def cephalosporins(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.cephalosporins(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def cephalosporins_1st(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.cephalosporins_1st(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def cephalosporins_2nd(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.cephalosporins_2nd(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def cephalosporins_3rd(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.cephalosporins_3rd(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def cephalosporins_4th(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.cephalosporins_4th(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def cephalosporins_5th(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.cephalosporins_5th(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def fluoroquinolones(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.fluoroquinolones(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def glycopeptides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.glycopeptides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ionophores(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ionophores(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def isoxazolylpenicillins(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.isoxazolylpenicillins(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def lincosamides(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.lincosamides(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def lipoglycopeptides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.lipoglycopeptides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def macrolides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.macrolides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def monobactams(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.monobactams(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def nitrofurans(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.nitrofurans(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def oxazolidinones(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.oxazolidinones(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def penicillins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.penicillins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def peptides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.peptides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def phenicols(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.phenicols(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def phosphonics(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.phosphonics(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def polymyxins(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.polymyxins(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def quinolones(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.quinolones(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def rifamycins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.rifamycins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def spiropyrimidinetriones(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.spiropyrimidinetriones(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def streptogramins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.streptogramins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def sulfonamides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.sulfonamides(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def tetracyclines(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.tetracyclines(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def trimethoprims(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.trimethoprims(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ureidopenicillins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ureidopenicillins(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def amr_class(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.amr_class(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def amr_selector(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.amr_selector(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def administrable_per_os(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.administrable_per_os(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def administrable_iv(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.administrable_iv(only_sir_columns = False, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def not_intrinsic_resistant(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.not_intrinsic_resistant(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def as_ab(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.as_ab(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def is_ab(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_ab(x)
@r_to_python
def ab_reset_session(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ab_reset_session(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def as_av(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.as_av(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def is_av(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_av(x)
@r_to_python
def as_disk(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.as_disk(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def is_disk(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_disk(x)
@r_to_python
def as_mic(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.as_mic(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def is_mic(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_mic(x)
@r_to_python
def rescale_mic(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.rescale_mic(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mic_p50(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mic_p50(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mic_p90(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mic_p90(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def as_mo(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.as_mo(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def is_mo(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_mo(x)
@r_to_python
def mo_uncertainties(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_uncertainties(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_renamed(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_renamed(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_failures(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_failures(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_reset_session(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_reset_session(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_cleaning_regex(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_cleaning_regex(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def as_sir(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.as_sir(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def is_sir(x):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_sir(x)
@r_to_python
def is_sir_eligible(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_sir_eligible(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def sir_interpretation_history(clean):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.sir_interpretation_history(clean)
@r_to_python
def atc_online_property(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.atc_online_property(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def atc_online_groups(atc_code, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.atc_online_groups(atc_code, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def atc_online_ddd(atc_code, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.atc_online_ddd(atc_code, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def atc_online_ddd_units(atc_code, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.atc_online_ddd_units(atc_code, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_from_text(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_from_text(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_name(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_name(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_cid(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_cid(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_synonyms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_synonyms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_tradenames(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_tradenames(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_group(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_group(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_atc(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_atc(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_loinc(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_loinc(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_ddd(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_ddd(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_ddd_units(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_ddd_units(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_info(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_info(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_url(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_url(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def av_property(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.av_property(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def availability(tbl, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.availability(tbl, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def bug_drug_combinations(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.bug_drug_combinations(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_resistant(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_resistant(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_susceptible(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_susceptible(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_S(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_S(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_SI(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_SI(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_I(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_I(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_IR(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_IR(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_R(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_R(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_all(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_all(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def n_sir(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.n_sir(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def count_df(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.count_df(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def custom_interpretive_rules(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.custom_interpretive_rules(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def custom_mdro_guideline(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.custom_mdro_guideline(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def export_ncbi_biosample(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.export_ncbi_biosample(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def first_isolate(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.first_isolate(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def filter_first_isolate(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.filter_first_isolate(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def g_test(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.g_test(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def is_new_episode(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.is_new_episode(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ggplot_pca(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ggplot_pca(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ggplot_sir(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ggplot_sir(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def geom_sir(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.geom_sir(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def guess_ab_col(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.guess_ab_col(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def interpretive_rules(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.interpretive_rules(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def eucast_rules(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.eucast_rules(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def clsi_rules(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.clsi_rules(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def eucast_dosage(ab, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.eucast_dosage(ab, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def italicise_taxonomy(string, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.italicise_taxonomy(string, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def italicize_taxonomy(string, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.italicize_taxonomy(string, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def inner_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.inner_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def left_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.left_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def right_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.right_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def full_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.full_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def semi_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.semi_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def anti_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.anti_join_microorganisms(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def key_antimicrobials(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.key_antimicrobials(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def all_antimicrobials(x = None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.all_antimicrobials(x = None, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def kurtosis(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.kurtosis(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def like(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.like(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mdro(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mdro(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def brmo(x = None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.brmo(x = None, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mrgn(x = None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mrgn(x = None, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mdr_tb(x = None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mdr_tb(x = None, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mdr_cmi2012(x = None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mdr_cmi2012(x = None, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.eucast_exceptional_phenotypes(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mean_amr_distance(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mean_amr_distance(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def amr_distance_from_row(amr_distance, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.amr_distance_from_row(amr_distance, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_matching_score(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_matching_score(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_name(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_name(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_fullname(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_fullname(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_shortname(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_shortname(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_subspecies(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_subspecies(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_species(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_species(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_genus(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_genus(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_family(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_family(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_order(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_order(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_class(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_class(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_phylum(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_phylum(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_kingdom(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_kingdom(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_domain(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_domain(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_type(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_type(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_status(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_status(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_pathogenicity(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_pathogenicity(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_gramstain(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_gramstain(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_is_gram_negative(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_is_gram_negative(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_is_gram_positive(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_is_gram_positive(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_is_yeast(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_is_yeast(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_is_intrinsic_resistant(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_is_intrinsic_resistant(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_oxygen_tolerance(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_oxygen_tolerance(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_is_anaerobic(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_is_anaerobic(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_morphology(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_morphology(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_snomed(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_snomed(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_ref(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_ref(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_authors(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_authors(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_year(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_year(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_lpsn(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_lpsn(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_mycobank(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_mycobank(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_gbif(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_gbif(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_rank(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_rank(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_taxonomy(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_taxonomy(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_synonyms(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_synonyms(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_current(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_current(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_group_members(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_group_members(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_info(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_info(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_url(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_url(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def mo_property(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.mo_property(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def pca(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.pca(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def theme_sir(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.theme_sir(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def labels_sir_count(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.labels_sir_count(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def resistance(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.resistance(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def susceptibility(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.susceptibility(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def sir_confidence_interval(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.sir_confidence_interval(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def proportion_R(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.proportion_R(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def proportion_IR(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.proportion_IR(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def proportion_I(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.proportion_I(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def proportion_SI(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.proportion_SI(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def proportion_S(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.proportion_S(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def proportion_df(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.proportion_df(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def sir_df(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.sir_df(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def random_mic(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.random_mic(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def random_disk(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.random_disk(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def random_sir(size = None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.random_sir(size = None, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def resistance_predict(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.resistance_predict(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def sir_predict(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.sir_predict(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def ggplot_sir_predict(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.ggplot_sir_predict(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def skewness(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.skewness(x, *args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def top_n_microorganisms(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.top_n_microorganisms(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def reset_AMR_locale(*args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.reset_AMR_locale(*args, **kwargs)
@r_to_python
def translate_AMR(x, *args, **kwargs):
"""Please see our website of the R package for the full manual: https://amr-for-r.org"""
return amr_r.translate_AMR(x, *args, **kwargs)
-64
View File
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
Package: AMR
Version: 0.8.0
Date: 2019-10-15
Title: Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis
Authors@R: c(
person(role = c("aut", "cre"),
family = "Berends", given = c("Matthijs", "S."), email = "m.s.berends@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0001-7620-1800")),
person(role = c("aut", "ctb"),
family = "Luz", given = c("Christian", "F."), email = "c.f.luz@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0001-5809-5995")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Friedrich", given = c("Alex", "W."), email = "alex.friedrich@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-4881-038X")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Sinha", given = c("Bhanu", "N.", "M."), email = "b.sinha@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-1634-0010")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Albers", given = c("Casper", "J."), email = "c.j.albers@rug.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0002-9213-6743")),
person(role = c("aut", "ths"),
family = "Glasner", given = "Corinna", email = "c.glasner@umcg.nl", comment = c(ORCID = "0000-0003-1241-1328")),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Fonville", given = c("Judith", "M."), email = "j.fonville@pamm.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Hassing", given = c("Erwin", "E.", "A."), email = "e.hassing@certe.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Hazenberg", given = c("Eric", "H.", "L.", "C.", "M."), email = "e.hazenberg@jbz.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Lenglet", given = "Annick", email = "annick.lenglet@amsterdam.msf.org"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Meijer", given = c("Bart", "C."), email = "b.meijerg@certe.nl"),
person(role = "ctb",
family = "Souverein", given = "Dennis", email = "d.souvereing@streeklabhaarlem.nl"))
Description: Functions to simplify the analysis and prediction of Antimicrobial
Resistance (AMR) and to work with microbial and antimicrobial properties by
using evidence-based methods, like those defined by Leclercq et al. (2013)
<doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03703.x> and the Clinical and Laboratory
Standards Institute (2014) <isbn: 1-56238-899-1>.
Depends:
R (>= 3.1.0)
Imports:
backports,
clean (>= 1.1.0),
crayon (>= 1.3.0),
data.table (>= 1.9.0),
dplyr (>= 0.7.0),
ggplot2,
knitr (>= 1.0.0),
microbenchmark,
pillar,
rlang (>= 0.3.1),
tidyr (>= 0.7.0)
Suggests:
covr (>= 3.0.1),
curl,
readxl,
rmarkdown,
rstudioapi,
rvest (>= 0.3.2),
testthat (>= 1.0.2),
xml2 (>= 1.0.0)
VignetteBuilder: knitr
URL: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR, https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR
BugReports: https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues
License: GPL-2 | file LICENSE
Encoding: UTF-8
LazyData: true
RoxygenNote: 6.1.1
-248
View File
@@ -1,248 +0,0 @@
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc., <http://fsf.org/>
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
A SUMMARY OF THIS LICENSE BY THE ORIGINAL AUTHORS OF THE AMR R PACKAGE
This R package, with package name 'AMR':
- May be used for commercial purposes
- May be used for private purposes
- May NOT be used for patent purposes
- May be modified, although:
- Modifications MUST be released under the same license when distributing the package
- Changes made to the code MUST be documented
- May be distributed, although:
- Source code MUST be made available when the package is distributed
- A copy of the license and copyright notice MUST be included with the package.
- Comes with a LIMITATION of liability
- Comes with NO warranty
END OF THE SUMMARY
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
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b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
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the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
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However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
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5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
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the Program or works based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
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these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
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7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
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license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
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any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
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to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
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OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-319
View File
@@ -1,319 +0,0 @@
# Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
S3method("[",ab)
S3method("[",mo)
S3method("[<-",ab)
S3method("[<-",mo)
S3method("[[",ab)
S3method("[[",mo)
S3method("[[<-",ab)
S3method("[[<-",mo)
S3method(as.data.frame,ab)
S3method(as.data.frame,mo)
S3method(as.double,mic)
S3method(as.integer,mic)
S3method(as.numeric,mic)
S3method(as.rsi,data.frame)
S3method(as.rsi,default)
S3method(as.rsi,disk)
S3method(as.rsi,mic)
S3method(barplot,mic)
S3method(barplot,rsi)
S3method(c,ab)
S3method(c,mo)
S3method(droplevels,mic)
S3method(droplevels,rsi)
S3method(format,bug_drug_combinations)
S3method(freq,mo)
S3method(freq,rsi)
S3method(kurtosis,data.frame)
S3method(kurtosis,default)
S3method(kurtosis,matrix)
S3method(pillar_shaft,ab)
S3method(pillar_shaft,disk)
S3method(pillar_shaft,mic)
S3method(pillar_shaft,mo)
S3method(pillar_shaft,rsi)
S3method(plot,mic)
S3method(plot,resistance_predict)
S3method(plot,rsi)
S3method(print,ab)
S3method(print,bug_drug_combinations)
S3method(print,catalogue_of_life_version)
S3method(print,disk)
S3method(print,mic)
S3method(print,mo)
S3method(print,mo_renamed)
S3method(print,mo_uncertainties)
S3method(print,rsi)
S3method(skewness,data.frame)
S3method(skewness,default)
S3method(skewness,matrix)
S3method(summary,mic)
S3method(summary,mo)
S3method(summary,rsi)
S3method(type_sum,ab)
S3method(type_sum,disk)
S3method(type_sum,mic)
S3method(type_sum,mo)
S3method(type_sum,rsi)
export("%like%")
export("%like_case%")
export(ab_atc)
export(ab_atc_group1)
export(ab_atc_group2)
export(ab_cid)
export(ab_ddd)
export(ab_group)
export(ab_info)
export(ab_name)
export(ab_property)
export(ab_synonyms)
export(ab_tradenames)
export(age)
export(age_groups)
export(anti_join_microorganisms)
export(as.ab)
export(as.atc)
export(as.disk)
export(as.mic)
export(as.mo)
export(as.rsi)
export(atc_online_ddd)
export(atc_online_groups)
export(atc_online_property)
export(availability)
export(brmo)
export(bug_drug_combinations)
export(catalogue_of_life_version)
export(clear_mo_history)
export(count_I)
export(count_IR)
export(count_R)
export(count_S)
export(count_SI)
export(count_all)
export(count_df)
export(eucast_exceptional_phenotypes)
export(eucast_rules)
export(facet_rsi)
export(filter_1st_cephalosporins)
export(filter_2nd_cephalosporins)
export(filter_3rd_cephalosporins)
export(filter_4th_cephalosporins)
export(filter_5th_cephalosporins)
export(filter_ab_class)
export(filter_aminoglycosides)
export(filter_carbapenems)
export(filter_cephalosporins)
export(filter_first_isolate)
export(filter_first_weighted_isolate)
export(filter_fluoroquinolones)
export(filter_glycopeptides)
export(filter_macrolides)
export(filter_tetracyclines)
export(first_isolate)
export(freq)
export(full_join_microorganisms)
export(g.test)
export(geom_rsi)
export(get_locale)
export(get_mo_source)
export(ggplot_rsi)
export(ggplot_rsi_predict)
export(guess_ab_col)
export(inner_join_microorganisms)
export(is.ab)
export(is.disk)
export(is.mic)
export(is.mo)
export(is.rsi)
export(is.rsi.eligible)
export(key_antibiotics)
export(key_antibiotics_equal)
export(kurtosis)
export(labels_rsi_count)
export(left_join_microorganisms)
export(like)
export(mdr_tb)
export(mdro)
export(mo_authors)
export(mo_class)
export(mo_failures)
export(mo_family)
export(mo_fullname)
export(mo_genus)
export(mo_gramstain)
export(mo_info)
export(mo_kingdom)
export(mo_name)
export(mo_order)
export(mo_phylum)
export(mo_property)
export(mo_rank)
export(mo_ref)
export(mo_renamed)
export(mo_shortname)
export(mo_species)
export(mo_subspecies)
export(mo_synonyms)
export(mo_taxonomy)
export(mo_type)
export(mo_uncertainties)
export(mo_url)
export(mo_year)
export(mrgn)
export(n_rsi)
export(p.symbol)
export(p_symbol)
export(portion_I)
export(portion_IR)
export(portion_R)
export(portion_S)
export(portion_SI)
export(portion_df)
export(read.4D)
export(resistance_predict)
export(right_join_microorganisms)
export(rsi_df)
export(rsi_predict)
export(scale_rsi_colours)
export(scale_type.ab)
export(scale_type.mo)
export(scale_y_percent)
export(semi_join_microorganisms)
export(set_mo_source)
export(skewness)
export(theme_rsi)
exportMethods("[.ab")
exportMethods("[.mo")
exportMethods("[<-.ab")
exportMethods("[<-.mo")
exportMethods("[[.ab")
exportMethods("[[.mo")
exportMethods("[[<-.ab")
exportMethods("[[<-.mo")
exportMethods(as.data.frame.ab)
exportMethods(as.data.frame.mo)
exportMethods(as.double.mic)
exportMethods(as.integer.mic)
exportMethods(as.numeric.mic)
exportMethods(barplot.mic)
exportMethods(barplot.rsi)
exportMethods(c.ab)
exportMethods(c.mo)
exportMethods(droplevels.mic)
exportMethods(droplevels.rsi)
exportMethods(format.bug_drug_combinations)
exportMethods(freq.mo)
exportMethods(freq.rsi)
exportMethods(kurtosis)
exportMethods(kurtosis.data.frame)
exportMethods(kurtosis.default)
exportMethods(kurtosis.matrix)
exportMethods(plot.mic)
exportMethods(plot.rsi)
exportMethods(print.ab)
exportMethods(print.bug_drug_combinations)
exportMethods(print.catalogue_of_life_version)
exportMethods(print.disk)
exportMethods(print.mic)
exportMethods(print.mo)
exportMethods(print.mo_renamed)
exportMethods(print.mo_uncertainties)
exportMethods(print.rsi)
exportMethods(scale_type.ab)
exportMethods(scale_type.mo)
exportMethods(skewness)
exportMethods(skewness.data.frame)
exportMethods(skewness.default)
exportMethods(skewness.matrix)
exportMethods(summary.mic)
exportMethods(summary.mo)
exportMethods(summary.rsi)
importFrom(clean,freq)
importFrom(clean,freq.default)
importFrom(clean,top_freq)
importFrom(crayon,bgGreen)
importFrom(crayon,bgRed)
importFrom(crayon,bgYellow)
importFrom(crayon,black)
importFrom(crayon,blue)
importFrom(crayon,bold)
importFrom(crayon,green)
importFrom(crayon,italic)
importFrom(crayon,magenta)
importFrom(crayon,make_style)
importFrom(crayon,red)
importFrom(crayon,silver)
importFrom(crayon,strip_style)
importFrom(crayon,underline)
importFrom(crayon,white)
importFrom(crayon,yellow)
importFrom(data.table,as.data.table)
importFrom(data.table,data.table)
importFrom(data.table,setkey)
importFrom(dplyr,"%>%")
importFrom(dplyr,all_vars)
importFrom(dplyr,any_vars)
importFrom(dplyr,arrange)
importFrom(dplyr,arrange_at)
importFrom(dplyr,between)
importFrom(dplyr,bind_rows)
importFrom(dplyr,case_when)
importFrom(dplyr,desc)
importFrom(dplyr,distinct)
importFrom(dplyr,everything)
importFrom(dplyr,filter)
importFrom(dplyr,filter_all)
importFrom(dplyr,filter_at)
importFrom(dplyr,funs)
importFrom(dplyr,group_by)
importFrom(dplyr,group_by_at)
importFrom(dplyr,group_vars)
importFrom(dplyr,if_else)
importFrom(dplyr,lag)
importFrom(dplyr,left_join)
importFrom(dplyr,mutate)
importFrom(dplyr,mutate_all)
importFrom(dplyr,mutate_at)
importFrom(dplyr,n)
importFrom(dplyr,n_distinct)
importFrom(dplyr,n_groups)
importFrom(dplyr,progress_estimated)
importFrom(dplyr,pull)
importFrom(dplyr,rename)
importFrom(dplyr,row_number)
importFrom(dplyr,select)
importFrom(dplyr,select_if)
importFrom(dplyr,slice)
importFrom(dplyr,summarise)
importFrom(dplyr,summarise_if)
importFrom(dplyr,tibble)
importFrom(dplyr,transmute)
importFrom(dplyr,ungroup)
importFrom(dplyr,vars)
importFrom(graphics,arrows)
importFrom(graphics,axis)
importFrom(graphics,barplot)
importFrom(graphics,par)
importFrom(graphics,plot)
importFrom(graphics,points)
importFrom(graphics,text)
importFrom(knitr,kable)
importFrom(microbenchmark,microbenchmark)
importFrom(pillar,pillar_shaft)
importFrom(pillar,type_sum)
importFrom(rlang,as_label)
importFrom(rlang,enquos)
importFrom(stats,complete.cases)
importFrom(stats,glm)
importFrom(stats,lm)
importFrom(stats,pchisq)
importFrom(stats,predict)
importFrom(tidyr,gather)
importFrom(tidyr,spread)
importFrom(utils,browseURL)
importFrom(utils,menu)
importFrom(utils,read.csv)
importFrom(utils,write.csv)
-762
View File
@@ -1,762 +0,0 @@
# AMR 0.8.0
### Breaking
* Determination of first isolates now **excludes** all 'unknown' microorganisms at default, i.e. microbial code `"UNKNOWN"`. They can be included with the new parameter `include_unknown`:
```r
first_isolate(..., include_unknown = TRUE)
```
For WHONET users, this means that all records/isolates with organism code `"con"` (*contamination*) will be excluded at default, since `as.mo("con") = "UNKNOWN"`. The function always shows a note with the number of 'unknown' microorganisms that were included or excluded.
* For code consistency, classes `ab` and `mo` will now be preserved in any subsetting or assignment. For the sake of data integrity, this means that invalid assignments will now result in `NA`:
```r
# how it works in base R:
x <- factor("A")
x[1] <- "B"
#> Warning message:
#> invalid factor level, NA generated
# how it now works similarly for classes 'mo' and 'ab':
x <- as.mo("E. coli")
x[1] <- "testvalue"
#> Warning message:
#> invalid microorganism code, NA generated
```
This is important, because a value like `"testvalue"` could never be understood by e.g. `mo_name()`, although the class would suggest a valid microbial code.
* Function `freq()` has moved to a new package, [`clean`](https://github.com/msberends/clean) ([CRAN link](https://cran.r-project.org/package=clean)), since creating frequency tables actually does not fit the scope of this package. The `freq()` function still works, since it is re-exported from the `clean` package (which will be installed automatically upon updating this `AMR` package).
* Renamed data set `septic_patients` to `example_isolates`
### New
* Function `bug_drug_combinations()` to quickly get a `data.frame` with the results of all bug-drug combinations in a data set. The column containing microorganism codes is guessed automatically and its input is transformed with `mo_shortname()` at default:
```r
x <- bug_drug_combinations(example_isolates)
#> NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for `col_mo`.
x[1:4, ]
#> mo ab S I R total
#> 1 A. baumannii AMC 0 0 3 3
#> 2 A. baumannii AMK 0 0 0 0
#> 3 A. baumannii AMP 0 0 3 3
#> 4 A. baumannii AMX 0 0 3 3
#> NOTE: Use 'format()' on this result to get a publicable/printable format.
# change the transformation with the FUN argument to anything you like:
x <- bug_drug_combinations(example_isolates, FUN = mo_gramstain)
#> NOTE: Using column `mo` as input for `col_mo`.
x[1:4, ]
#> mo ab S I R total
#> 1 Gram-negative AMC 469 89 174 732
#> 2 Gram-negative AMK 251 0 2 253
#> 3 Gram-negative AMP 227 0 405 632
#> 4 Gram-negative AMX 227 0 405 632
#> NOTE: Use 'format()' on this result to get a publicable/printable format.
```
You can format this to a printable format, ready for reporting or exporting to e.g. Excel with the base R `format()` function:
```r
format(x, combine_IR = FALSE)
```
* Additional way to calculate co-resistance, i.e. when using multiple antimicrobials as input for `portion_*` functions or `count_*` functions. This can be used to determine the empiric susceptibility of a combination therapy. A new parameter `only_all_tested` (**which defaults to `FALSE`**) replaces the old `also_single_tested` and can be used to select one of the two methods to count isolates and calculate portions. The difference can be seen in this example table (which is also on the `portion` and `count` help pages), where the %SI is being determined:
```r
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# only_all_tested = FALSE only_all_tested = TRUE
# ----------------------- -----------------------
# Drug A Drug B include as include as include as include as
# numerator denominator numerator denominator
# -------- -------- ---------- ----------- ---------- -----------
# S or I S or I X X X X
# R S or I X X X X
# <NA> S or I X X - -
# S or I R X X X X
# R R - X - X
# <NA> R - - - -
# S or I <NA> X X - -
# R <NA> - - - -
# <NA> <NA> - - - -
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
```
Since this is a major change, usage of the old `also_single_tested` will throw an informative error that it has been replaced by `only_all_tested`.
* `tibble` printing support for classes `rsi`, `mic`, `disk`, `ab` `mo`. When using `tibble`s containing antimicrobial columns, values `S` will print in green, values `I` will print in yellow and values `R` will print in red. Microbial IDs (class `mo`) will emphasise on the genus and species, not on the kingdom.
```r
# (run this on your own console, as this page does not support colour printing)
library(dplyr)
example_isolates %>%
select(mo:AMC) %>%
as_tibble()
```
### Changed
* Many algorithm improvements for `as.mo()` (of which some led to additions to the `microorganisms` data set). Many thanks to all contributors that helped improving the algorithms.
* Self-learning algorithm - the function now gains experience from previously determined microorganism IDs and learns from it (yielding 80-95% speed improvement for any guess after the first try)
* Big improvement for misspelled input
* These new trivial names known to the field are now understood: meningococcus, gonococcus, pneumococcus
* Updated to the latest taxonomic data (updated to August 2019, from the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
* Added support for Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS) and Milleri Group Streptococci (MGS)
* Added support for *Blastocystis*
* Added support for 5,000 new fungi
* Added support for unknown yeasts and fungi
* Changed most microorganism IDs to improve readability. For example, the old code `B_ENTRC_FAE` could have been both *E. faecalis* and *E. faecium*. Its new code is `B_ENTRC_FCLS` and *E. faecium* has become `B_ENTRC_FACM`. Also, the Latin character æ (ae) is now preserved at the start of each genus and species abbreviation. For example, the old code for *Aerococcus urinae* was `B_ARCCC_NAE`. This is now `B_AERCC_URIN`.
**IMPORTANT:** Old microorganism IDs are still supported, but support will be dropped in a future version. Use `as.mo()` on your old codes to transform them to the new format. Using functions from the `mo_*` family (like `mo_name()` and `mo_gramstain()`) on old codes, will throw a warning.
* More intelligent guessing for `as.ab()`, including bidirectional language support
* Added support for the German national guideline (3MRGN/4MRGN) in the `mdro()` function, to determine multi-drug resistant organisms
* Function `eucast_rules()`:
* Fixed a bug for *Yersinia pseudotuberculosis*
* Added more informative errors and warnings
* Printed info now distinguishes between added and changes values
* Using Verbose mode (i.e. `eucast_rules(..., verbose = TRUE)`) returns more informative and readable output
* Using factors as input now adds missing factors levels when the function changes antibiotic results
* Improved the internal auto-guessing function for determining antimicrobials in your data set (`AMR:::get_column_abx()`)
* Removed class `atc` - using `as.atc()` is now deprecated in favour of `ab_atc()` and this will return a character, not the `atc` class anymore
* Removed deprecated functions `abname()`, `ab_official()`, `atc_name()`, `atc_official()`, `atc_property()`, `atc_tradenames()`, `atc_trivial_nl()`
* Fix and speed improvement for `mo_shortname()`
* Fix for using `mo_*` functions where the coercion uncertainties and failures would not be available through `mo_uncertainties()` and `mo_failures()` anymore
* Deprecated the `country` parameter of `mdro()` in favour of the already existing `guideline` parameter to support multiple guidelines within one country
* The `name` of `RIF` is now Rifampicin instead of Rifampin
* The `antibiotics` data set is now sorted by name and all cephalosporins now have their generation between brackets
* Speed improvement for `guess_ab_col()` which is now 30 times faster for antibiotic abbreviations
* Improved `filter_ab_class()` to be more reliable and to support 5th generation cephalosporins
* Function `availability()` now uses `portion_R()` instead of `portion_IR()`, to comply with EUCAST insights
* Functions `age()` and `age_groups()` now have a `na.rm` parameter to remove empty values
* Renamed function `p.symbol()` to `p_symbol()` (the former is now deprecated and will be removed in a future version)
* Using negative values for `x` in `age_groups()` will now introduce `NA`s and not return an error anymore
* Fix for determining the system's language
* Fix for `key_antibiotics()` on foreign systems
* Added 80 new LIS codes for microorganisms
* Relabeled the factor levels of `mdr_tb()`
* Added more MIC factor levels (`as.mic()`)
#### Other
* Added Prof. Dr. Casper Albers as doctoral advisor and added Dr. Judith Fonville, Eric Hazenberg, Dr. Bart Meijer, Dr. Dennis Souverein and Annick Lenglet as contributors
* Cleaned the coding style of every single syntax line in this package with the help of the `lintr` package
# AMR 0.7.1
#### New
* Function `rsi_df()` to transform a `data.frame` to a data set containing only the microbial interpretation (S, I, R), the antibiotic, the percentage of S/I/R and the number of available isolates. This is a convenient combination of the existing functions `count_df()` and `portion_df()` to immediately show resistance percentages and number of available isolates:
```r
septic_patients %>%
select(AMX, CIP) %>%
rsi_df()
# antibiotic interpretation value isolates
# 1 Amoxicillin SI 0.4442636 546
# 2 Amoxicillin R 0.5557364 683
# 3 Ciprofloxacin SI 0.8381831 1181
# 4 Ciprofloxacin R 0.1618169 228
```
* Support for all scientifically published pathotypes of *E. coli* to date (that we could find). Supported are:
* AIEC (Adherent-Invasive *E. coli*)
* ATEC (Atypical Entero-pathogenic *E. coli*)
* DAEC (Diffusely Adhering *E. coli*)
* EAEC (Entero-Aggresive *E. coli*)
* EHEC (Entero-Haemorrhagic *E. coli*)
* EIEC (Entero-Invasive *E. coli*)
* EPEC (Entero-Pathogenic *E. coli*)
* ETEC (Entero-Toxigenic *E. coli*)
* NMEC (Neonatal Meningitis‐causing *E. coli*)
* STEC (Shiga-toxin producing *E. coli*)
* UPEC (Uropathogenic *E. coli*)
All these lead to the microbial ID of *E. coli*:
```r
as.mo("UPEC")
# B_ESCHR_COL
mo_name("UPEC")
# "Escherichia coli"
mo_gramstain("EHEC")
# "Gram-negative"
```
* Function `mo_info()` as an analogy to `ab_info()`. The `mo_info()` prints a list with the full taxonomy, authors, and the URL to the online database of a microorganism
* Function `mo_synonyms()` to get all previously accepted taxonomic names of a microorganism
#### Changed
* Column names of output `count_df()` and `portion_df()` are now lowercase
* Fixed bug in translation of microorganism names
* Fixed bug in determining taxonomic kingdoms
* Algorithm improvements for `as.ab()` and `as.mo()` to understand even more severely misspelled input
* Function `as.ab()` now allows spaces for coercing antibiotics names
* Added `ggplot2` methods for automatically determining the scale type of classes `mo` and `ab`
* Added names of object in the header in frequency tables, even when using pipes
* Prevented `"bacteria"` from getting coerced by `as.ab()` because Bacterial is a brand name of trimethoprim (TMP)
* Fixed a bug where setting an antibiotic would not work for `eucast_rules()` and `mdro()`
* Fixed a EUCAST rule for Staphylococci, where amikacin resistance would not be inferred from tobramycin
* Removed `latest_annual_release` from the `catalogue_of_life_version()` function
* Removed antibiotic code `PVM1` from the `antibiotics` data set as this was a duplicate of `PME`
* Fixed bug where not all old taxonomic names would be printed, when using a vector as input for `as.mo()`
* Manually added *Trichomonas vaginalis* from the kingdom of Protozoa, which is missing from the Catalogue of Life
* Small improvements to `plot()` and `barplot()` for MIC and RSI classes
* Allow Catalogue of Life IDs to be coerced by `as.mo()`
#### Other
* Fixed a note thrown by CRAN tests
# AMR 0.7.0
#### New
* Support for translation of disk diffusion and MIC values to RSI values (i.e. antimicrobial interpretations). Supported guidelines are EUCAST (2011 to 2019) and CLSI (2011 to 2019). Use `as.rsi()` on an MIC value (created with `as.mic()`), a disk diffusion value (created with the new `as.disk()`) or on a complete date set containing columns with MIC or disk diffusion values.
* Function `mo_name()` as alias of `mo_fullname()`
* Added guidelines of the WHO to determine multi-drug resistance (MDR) for TB (`mdr_tb()`) and added a new vignette about MDR. Read this tutorial [here on our website](https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/MDR.html).
#### Changed
* Fixed a critical bug in `first_isolate()` where missing species would lead to incorrect FALSEs. This bug was not present in AMR v0.5.0, but was in v0.6.0 and v0.6.1.
* Fixed a bug in `eucast_rules()` where antibiotics from WHONET software would not be recognised
* Completely reworked the `antibiotics` data set:
* All entries now have 3 different identifiers:
* Column `ab` contains a human readable EARS-Net code, used by ECDC and WHO/WHONET - this is the primary identifier used in this package
* Column `atc` contains the ATC code, used by WHO/WHOCC
* Column `cid` contains the CID code (Compound ID), used by PubChem
* Based on the Compound ID, almost 5,000 official brand names have been added from many different countries
* All references to antibiotics in our package now use EARS-Net codes, like `AMX` for amoxicillin
* Functions `atc_certe`, `ab_umcg` and `atc_trivial_nl` have been removed
* All `atc_*` functions are superceded by `ab_*` functions
* All output will be translated by using an included translation file which [can be viewed here](https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/translations.tsv).
Please [create an issue in one of our repositories](https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new?issue[title]=Translation%20suggestion) if you want additions in this file.
* Improvements to plotting AMR results with `ggplot_rsi()`:
* New parameter `colours` to set the bar colours
* New parameters `title`, `subtitle`, `caption`, `x.title` and `y.title` to set titles and axis descriptions
* Improved intelligence of looking up antibiotic columns in a data set using `guess_ab_col()`
* Added ~5,000 more old taxonomic names to the `microorganisms.old` data set, which leads to better results finding when using the `as.mo()` function
* This package now honours the new EUCAST insight (2019) that S and I are but classified as susceptible, where I is defined as 'increased exposure' and not 'intermediate' anymore. For functions like `portion_df()` and `count_df()` this means that their new parameter `combine_SI` is TRUE at default. Our plotting function `ggplot_rsi()` also reflects this change since it uses `count_df()` internally.
* The `age()` function gained a new parameter `exact` to determine ages with decimals
* Removed deprecated functions `guess_mo()`, `guess_atc()`, `EUCAST_rules()`, `interpretive_reading()`, `rsi()`
* Frequency tables (`freq()`):
* speed improvement for microbial IDs
* fixed factor level names for R Markdown
* when all values are unique it now shows a message instead of a warning
* support for boxplots:
```r
septic_patients %>%
freq(age) %>%
boxplot()
# grouped boxplots:
septic_patients %>%
group_by(hospital_id) %>%
freq(age) %>%
boxplot()
```
* Removed all hardcoded EUCAST rules and replaced them with a new reference file which [can be viewed here](https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/eucast_rules.tsv).
Please [create an issue in one of our repositories](https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new?issue[title]=EUCAST%20edit) if you want changes in this file.
* Added ceftazidim intrinsic resistance to *Streptococci*
* Changed default settings for `age_groups()`, to let groups of fives and tens end with 100+ instead of 120+
* Fix for `freq()` for when all values are `NA`
* Fix for `first_isolate()` for when dates are missing
* Improved speed of `guess_ab_col()`
* Function `as.mo()` now gently interprets any number of whitespace characters (like tabs) as one space
* Function `as.mo()` now returns `UNKNOWN` for `"con"` (WHONET ID of 'contamination') and returns `NA` for `"xxx"`(WHONET ID of 'no growth')
* Small algorithm fix for `as.mo()`
* Removed viruses from data set `microorganisms.codes` and cleaned it up
* Fix for `mo_shortname()` where species would not be determined correctly
#### Other
* Support for R 3.6.0 and later by providing support for [staged install](https://developer.r-project.org/Blog/public/2019/02/14/staged-install/index.html)
# AMR 0.6.1
#### Changed
* Fixed a critical bug when using `eucast_rules()` with `verbose = TRUE`
* Coercion of microbial IDs are now written to the package namespace instead of the user's home folder, to comply with the CRAN policy
# AMR 0.6.0
**New website!**
We've got a new website: [https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR](https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/) (built with the great [`pkgdown`](https://pkgdown.r-lib.org/))
* Contains the complete manual of this package and all of its functions with an explanation of their parameters
* Contains a comprehensive tutorial about how to conduct antimicrobial resistance analysis, import data from WHONET or SPSS and many more.
#### New
* **BREAKING**: removed deprecated functions, parameters and references to 'bactid'. Use `as.mo()` to identify an MO code.
* Catalogue of Life as a new taxonomic source for data about microorganisms, which also contains all ITIS data we used previously. The `microorganisms` data set now contains:
* All ~55,000 (sub)species from the kingdoms of Archaea, Bacteria and Protozoa
* All ~3,000 (sub)species from these orders of the kingdom of Fungi: Eurotiales, Onygenales, Pneumocystales, Saccharomycetales and Schizosaccharomycetales (covering at least like all species of *Aspergillus*, *Candida*, *Pneumocystis*, *Saccharomyces* and *Trichophyton*)
* All ~2,000 (sub)species from ~100 other relevant genera, from the kingdoms of Animalia and Plantae (like *Strongyloides* and *Taenia*)
* All ~15,000 previously accepted names of included (sub)species that have been taxonomically renamed
* The responsible author(s) and year of scientific publication
This data is updated annually - check the included version with the new function `catalogue_of_life_version()`.
* Due to this change, some `mo` codes changed (e.g. *Streptococcus* changed from `B_STRPTC` to `B_STRPT`). A translation table is used internally to support older microorganism IDs, so users will not notice this difference.
* New function `mo_rank()` for the taxonomic rank (genus, species, infraspecies, etc.)
* New function `mo_url()` to get the direct URL of a species from the Catalogue of Life
* Support for data from [WHONET](https://whonet.org/) and [EARS-Net](https://ecdc.europa.eu/en/about-us/partnerships-and-networks/disease-and-laboratory-networks/ears-net) (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network):
* Exported files from WHONET can be read and used in this package. For functions like `first_isolate()` and `eucast_rules()`, all parameters will be filled in automatically.
* This package now knows all antibiotic abbrevations by EARS-Net (which are also being used by WHONET) - the `antibiotics` data set now contains a column `ears_net`.
* The function `as.mo()` now knows all WHONET species abbreviations too, because almost 2,000 microbial abbreviations were added to the `microorganisms.codes` data set.
* New filters for antimicrobial classes. Use these functions to filter isolates on results in one of more antibiotics from a specific class:
```r
filter_aminoglycosides()
filter_carbapenems()
filter_cephalosporins()
filter_1st_cephalosporins()
filter_2nd_cephalosporins()
filter_3rd_cephalosporins()
filter_4th_cephalosporins()
filter_fluoroquinolones()
filter_glycopeptides()
filter_macrolides()
filter_tetracyclines()
```
The `antibiotics` data set will be searched, after which the input data will be checked for column names with a value in any abbreviations, codes or official names found in the `antibiotics` data set.
For example:
```r
septic_patients %>% filter_glycopeptides(result = "R")
# Filtering on glycopeptide antibacterials: any of `vanc` or `teic` is R
septic_patients %>% filter_glycopeptides(result = "R", scope = "all")
# Filtering on glycopeptide antibacterials: all of `vanc` and `teic` is R
```
* All `ab_*` functions are deprecated and replaced by `atc_*` functions:
```r
ab_property -> atc_property()
ab_name -> atc_name()
ab_official -> atc_official()
ab_trivial_nl -> atc_trivial_nl()
ab_certe -> atc_certe()
ab_umcg -> atc_umcg()
ab_tradenames -> atc_tradenames()
```
These functions use `as.atc()` internally. The old `atc_property` has been renamed `atc_online_property()`. This is done for two reasons: firstly, not all ATC codes are of antibiotics (ab) but can also be of antivirals or antifungals. Secondly, the input must have class `atc` or must be coerable to this class. Properties of these classes should start with the same class name, analogous to `as.mo()` and e.g. `mo_genus`.
* New functions `set_mo_source()` and `get_mo_source()` to use your own predefined MO codes as input for `as.mo()` and consequently all `mo_*` functions
* Support for the upcoming [`dplyr`](https://dplyr.tidyverse.org) version 0.8.0
* New function `guess_ab_col()` to find an antibiotic column in a table
* New function `mo_failures()` to review values that could not be coerced to a valid MO code, using `as.mo()`. This latter function will now only show a maximum of 10 uncoerced values and will refer to `mo_failures()`.
* New function `mo_uncertainties()` to review values that could be coerced to a valid MO code using `as.mo()`, but with uncertainty.
* New function `mo_renamed()` to get a list of all returned values from `as.mo()` that have had taxonomic renaming
* New function `age()` to calculate the (patients) age in years
* New function `age_groups()` to split ages into custom or predefined groups (like children or elderly). This allows for easier demographic antimicrobial resistance analysis per age group.
* New function `ggplot_rsi_predict()` as well as the base R `plot()` function can now be used for resistance prediction calculated with `resistance_predict()`:
```r
x <- resistance_predict(septic_patients, col_ab = "amox")
plot(x)
ggplot_rsi_predict(x)
```
* Functions `filter_first_isolate()` and `filter_first_weighted_isolate()` to shorten and fasten filtering on data sets with antimicrobial results, e.g.:
```r
septic_patients %>% filter_first_isolate(...)
# or
filter_first_isolate(septic_patients, ...)
```
is equal to:
```r
septic_patients %>%
mutate(only_firsts = first_isolate(septic_patients, ...)) %>%
filter(only_firsts == TRUE) %>%
select(-only_firsts)
```
* New function `availability()` to check the number of available (non-empty) results in a `data.frame`
* New vignettes about how to conduct AMR analysis, predict antimicrobial resistance, use the *G*-test and more. These are also available (and even easier readable) on our website: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR.
#### Changed
* Function `eucast_rules()`:
* Updated EUCAST Clinical breakpoints to [version 9.0 of 1 January 2019](http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/), the data set `septic_patients` now reflects these changes
* Fixed a critical bug where some rules that depend on previous applied rules would not be applied adequately
* Emphasised in manual that penicillin is meant as benzylpenicillin (ATC [J01CE01](https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01))
* New info is returned when running this function, stating exactly what has been changed or added. Use `eucast_rules(..., verbose = TRUE)` to get a data set with all changed per bug and drug combination.
* Removed data sets `microorganisms.oldDT`, `microorganisms.prevDT`, `microorganisms.unprevDT` and `microorganismsDT` since they were no longer needed and only contained info already available in the `microorganisms` data set
* Added 65 antibiotics to the `antibiotics` data set, from the [Pharmaceuticals Community Register](http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm) of the European Commission
* Removed columns `atc_group1_nl` and `atc_group2_nl` from the `antibiotics` data set
* Functions `atc_ddd()` and `atc_groups()` have been renamed `atc_online_ddd()` and `atc_online_groups()`. The old functions are deprecated and will be removed in a future version.
* Function `guess_mo()` is now deprecated in favour of `as.mo()` and will be removed in future versions
* Function `guess_atc()` is now deprecated in favour of `as.atc()` and will be removed in future versions
* Improvements for `as.mo()`:
* Now handles incorrect spelling, like `i` instead of `y` and `f` instead of `ph`:
```r
# mo_fullname() uses as.mo() internally
mo_fullname("Sthafilokockus aaureuz")
#> [1] "Staphylococcus aureus"
mo_fullname("S. klossi")
#> [1] "Staphylococcus kloosii"
```
* Uncertainty of the algorithm is now divided into four levels, 0 to 3, where the default `allow_uncertain = TRUE` is equal to uncertainty level 2. Run `?as.mo` for more info about these levels.
```r
# equal:
as.mo(..., allow_uncertain = TRUE)
as.mo(..., allow_uncertain = 2)
# also equal:
as.mo(..., allow_uncertain = FALSE)
as.mo(..., allow_uncertain = 0)
```
Using `as.mo(..., allow_uncertain = 3)` could lead to very unreliable results.
* Implemented the latest publication of Becker *et al.* (2019), for categorising coagulase-negative *Staphylococci*
* All microbial IDs that found are now saved to a local file `~/.Rhistory_mo`. Use the new function `clean_mo_history()` to delete this file, which resets the algorithms.
* Incoercible results will now be considered 'unknown', MO code `UNKNOWN`. On foreign systems, properties of these will be translated to all languages already previously supported: German, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese:
```r
mo_genus("qwerty", language = "es")
# Warning:
# one unique value (^= 100.0%) could not be coerced and is considered 'unknown': "qwerty". Use mo_failures() to review it.
#> [1] "(género desconocido)"
```
* Fix for vector containing only empty values
* Finds better results when input is in other languages
* Better handling for subspecies
* Better handling for *Salmonellae*, especially the 'city like' serovars like *Salmonella London*
* Understanding of highly virulent *E. coli* strains like EIEC, EPEC and STEC
* There will be looked for uncertain results at default - these results will be returned with an informative warning
* Manual (help page) now contains more info about the algorithms
* Progress bar will be shown when it takes more than 3 seconds to get results
* Support for formatted console text
* Console will return the percentage of uncoercable input
* Function `first_isolate()`:
* Fixed a bug where distances between dates would not be calculated right - in the `septic_patients` data set this yielded a difference of 0.15% more isolates
* Will now use a column named like "patid" for the patient ID (parameter `col_patientid`), when this parameter was left blank
* Will now use a column named like "key(...)ab" or "key(...)antibiotics" for the key antibiotics (parameter `col_keyantibiotics()`), when this parameter was left blank
* Removed parameter `output_logical`, the function will now always return a logical value
* Renamed parameter `filter_specimen` to `specimen_group`, although using `filter_specimen` will still work
* A note to the manual pages of the `portion` functions, that low counts can influence the outcome and that the `portion` functions may camouflage this, since they only return the portion (albeit being dependent on the `minimum` parameter)
* Merged data sets `microorganisms.certe` and `microorganisms.umcg` into `microorganisms.codes`
* Function `mo_taxonomy()` now contains the kingdom too
* Reduce false positives for `is.rsi.eligible()` using the new `threshold` parameter
* New colours for `scale_rsi_colours()`
* Summaries of class `mo` will now return the top 3 and the unique count, e.g. using `summary(mo)`
* Small text updates to summaries of class `rsi` and `mic`
* Function `as.rsi()`:
* Now gives a warning when inputting MIC values
* Now accepts high and low resistance: `"HIGH S"` will return `S`
* Frequency tables (`freq()` function):
* Support for tidyverse quasiquotation! Now you can create frequency tables of function outcomes:
```r
# Determine genus of microorganisms (mo) in `septic_patients` data set:
# OLD WAY
septic_patients %>%
mutate(genus = mo_genus(mo)) %>%
freq(genus)
# NEW WAY
septic_patients %>%
freq(mo_genus(mo))
# Even supports grouping variables:
septic_patients %>%
group_by(gender) %>%
freq(mo_genus(mo))
```
* Header info is now available as a list, with the `header` function
* The parameter `header` is now set to `TRUE` at default, even for markdown
* Added header info for class `mo` to show unique count of families, genera and species
* Now honours the `decimal.mark` setting, which just like `format` defaults to `getOption("OutDec")`
* The new `big.mark` parameter will at default be `","` when `decimal.mark = "."` and `"."` otherwise
* Fix for header text where all observations are `NA`
* New parameter `droplevels` to exclude empty factor levels when input is a factor
* Factor levels will be in header when present in input data (maximum of 5)
* Fix for using `select()` on frequency tables
* Function `scale_y_percent()` now contains the `limits` parameter
* Automatic parameter filling for `mdro()`, `key_antibiotics()` and `eucast_rules()`
* Updated examples for resistance prediction (`resistance_predict()` function)
* Fix for `as.mic()` to support more values ending in (several) zeroes
* if using different lengths of pattern and x in `%like%`, it will now return the call
#### Other
* Updated licence text to emphasise GPL 2.0 and that this is an R package.
# AMR 0.5.0
#### New
* Repository moved to GitLab: https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR
* Function `count_all` to get all available isolates (that like all `portion_*` and `count_*` functions also supports `summarise` and `group_by`), the old `n_rsi` is now an alias of `count_all`
* Function `get_locale` to determine language for language-dependent output for some `mo_*` functions. This is now the default value for their `language` parameter, by which the system language will be used at default.
* Data sets `microorganismsDT`, `microorganisms.prevDT`, `microorganisms.unprevDT` and `microorganisms.oldDT` to improve the speed of `as.mo`. They are for reference only, since they are primarily for internal use of `as.mo`.
* Function `read.4D` to read from the 4D database of the MMB department of the UMCG
* Functions `mo_authors` and `mo_year` to get specific values about the scientific reference of a taxonomic entry
#### Changed
* Functions `MDRO`, `BRMO`, `MRGN` and `EUCAST_exceptional_phenotypes` were renamed to `mdro`, `brmo`, `mrgn` and `eucast_exceptional_phenotypes`
* `EUCAST_rules` was renamed to `eucast_rules`, the old function still exists as a deprecated function
* Big changes to the `eucast_rules` function:
* Now also applies rules from the EUCAST 'Breakpoint tables for bacteria', version 8.1, 2018, http://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints/ (see Source of the function)
* New parameter `rules` to specify which rules should be applied (expert rules, breakpoints, others or all)
* New parameter `verbose` which can be set to `TRUE` to get very specific messages about which columns and rows were affected
* Better error handling when rules cannot be applied (i.e. new values could not be inserted)
* The number of affected values will now only be measured once per row/column combination
* Data set `septic_patients` now reflects these changes
* Added parameter `pipe` for piperacillin (J01CA12), also to the `mdro` function
* Small fixes to EUCAST clinical breakpoint rules
* Added column `kingdom` to the microorganisms data set, and function `mo_kingdom` to look up values
* Tremendous speed improvement for `as.mo` (and subsequently all `mo_*` functions), as empty values wil be ignored *a priori*
* Fewer than 3 characters as input for `as.mo` will return NA
* Function `as.mo` (and all `mo_*` wrappers) now supports genus abbreviations with "species" attached
```r
as.mo("E. species") # B_ESCHR
mo_fullname("E. spp.") # "Escherichia species"
as.mo("S. spp") # B_STPHY
mo_fullname("S. species") # "Staphylococcus species"
```
* Added parameter `combine_IR` (TRUE/FALSE) to functions `portion_df` and `count_df`, to indicate that all values of I and R must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S vs. IR (susceptible vs. non-susceptible)
* Fix for `portion_*(..., as_percent = TRUE)` when minimal number of isolates would not be met
* Added parameter `also_single_tested` for `portion_*` and `count_*` functions to also include cases where not all antibiotics were tested but at least one of the tested antibiotics includes the target antimicribial interpretation, see `?portion`
* Using `portion_*` functions now throws a warning when total available isolate is below parameter `minimum`
* Functions `as.mo`, `as.rsi`, `as.mic`, `as.atc` and `freq` will not set package name as attribute anymore
* Frequency tables - `freq()`:
* Support for grouping variables, test with:
```r
septic_patients %>%
group_by(hospital_id) %>%
freq(gender)
```
* Support for (un)selecting columns:
```r
septic_patients %>%
freq(hospital_id) %>%
select(-count, -cum_count) # only get item, percent, cum_percent
```
* Check for `hms::is.hms`
* Now prints in markdown at default in non-interactive sessions
* No longer adds the factor level column and sorts factors on count again
* Support for class `difftime`
* New parameter `na`, to choose which character to print for empty values
* New parameter `header` to turn the header info off (default when `markdown = TRUE`)
* New parameter `title` to manually setbthe title of the frequency table
* `first_isolate` now tries to find columns to use as input when parameters are left blank
* Improvements for MDRO algorithm (function `mdro`)
* Data set `septic_patients` is now a `data.frame`, not a tibble anymore
* Removed diacritics from all authors (columns `microorganisms$ref` and `microorganisms.old$ref`) to comply with CRAN policy to only allow ASCII characters
* Fix for `mo_property` not working properly
* Fix for `eucast_rules` where some Streptococci would become ceftazidime R in EUCAST rule 4.5
* Support for named vectors of class `mo`, useful for `top_freq()`
* `ggplot_rsi` and `scale_y_percent` have `breaks` parameter
* AI improvements for `as.mo`:
* `"CRS"` -> *Stenotrophomonas maltophilia*
* `"CRSM"` -> *Stenotrophomonas maltophilia*
* `"MSSA"` -> *Staphylococcus aureus*
* `"MSSE"` -> *Staphylococcus epidermidis*
* Fix for `join` functions
* Speed improvement for `is.rsi.eligible`, now 15-20 times faster
* In `g.test`, when `sum(x)` is below 1000 or any of the expected values is below 5, Fisher's Exact Test will be suggested
* `ab_name` will try to fall back on `as.atc` when no results are found
* Removed the addin to view data sets
* Percentages will now will rounded more logically (e.g. in `freq` function)
#### Other
* New dependency on package `crayon`, to support formatted text in the console
* Dependency `tidyr` is now mandatory (went to `Import` field) since `portion_df` and `count_df` rely on it
* Updated vignettes to comply with README
# AMR 0.4.0
#### New
* The data set `microorganisms` now contains **all microbial taxonomic data from ITIS** (kingdoms Bacteria, Fungi and Protozoa), the Integrated Taxonomy Information System, available via https://itis.gov. The data set now contains more than 18,000 microorganisms with all known bacteria, fungi and protozoa according ITIS with genus, species, subspecies, family, order, class, phylum and subkingdom. The new data set `microorganisms.old` contains all previously known taxonomic names from those kingdoms.
* New functions based on the existing function `mo_property`:
* Taxonomic names: `mo_phylum`, `mo_class`, `mo_order`, `mo_family`, `mo_genus`, `mo_species`, `mo_subspecies`
* Semantic names: `mo_fullname`, `mo_shortname`
* Microbial properties: `mo_type`, `mo_gramstain`
* Author and year: `mo_ref`
They also come with support for German, Dutch, French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese:
```r
mo_gramstain("E. coli")
# [1] "Gram negative"
mo_gramstain("E. coli", language = "de") # German
# [1] "Gramnegativ"
mo_gramstain("E. coli", language = "es") # Spanish
# [1] "Gram negativo"
mo_fullname("S. group A", language = "pt") # Portuguese
# [1] "Streptococcus grupo A"
```
Furthermore, former taxonomic names will give a note about the current taxonomic name:
```r
mo_gramstain("Esc blattae")
# Note: 'Escherichia blattae' (Burgess et al., 1973) was renamed 'Shimwellia blattae' (Priest and Barker, 2010)
# [1] "Gram negative"
```
* Functions `count_R`, `count_IR`, `count_I`, `count_SI` and `count_S` to selectively count resistant or susceptible isolates
* Extra function `count_df` (which works like `portion_df`) to get all counts of S, I and R of a data set with antibiotic columns, with support for grouped variables
* Function `is.rsi.eligible` to check for columns that have valid antimicrobial results, but do not have the `rsi` class yet. Transform the columns of your raw data with: `data %>% mutate_if(is.rsi.eligible, as.rsi)`
* Functions `as.mo` and `is.mo` as replacements for `as.bactid` and `is.bactid` (since the `microoganisms` data set not only contains bacteria). These last two functions are deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The `as.mo` function determines microbial IDs using intelligent rules:
```r
as.mo("E. coli")
# [1] B_ESCHR_COL
as.mo("MRSA")
# [1] B_STPHY_AUR
as.mo("S group A")
# [1] B_STRPTC_GRA
```
And with great speed too - on a quite regular Linux server from 2007 it takes us less than 0.02 seconds to transform 25,000 items:
```r
thousands_of_E_colis <- rep("E. coli", 25000)
microbenchmark::microbenchmark(as.mo(thousands_of_E_colis), unit = "s")
# Unit: seconds
# min median max neval
# 0.01817717 0.01843957 0.03878077 100
```
* Added parameter `reference_df` for `as.mo`, so users can supply their own microbial IDs, name or codes as a reference table
* Renamed all previous references to `bactid` to `mo`, like:
* Column names inputs of `EUCAST_rules`, `first_isolate` and `key_antibiotics`
* Column names of datasets `microorganisms` and `septic_patients`
* All old syntaxes will still work with this version, but will throw warnings
* Function `labels_rsi_count` to print datalabels on a RSI `ggplot2` model
* Functions `as.atc` and `is.atc` to transform/look up antibiotic ATC codes as defined by the WHO. The existing function `guess_atc` is now an alias of `as.atc`.
* Function `ab_property` and its aliases: `ab_name`, `ab_tradenames`, `ab_certe`, `ab_umcg` and `ab_trivial_nl`
* Introduction to AMR as a vignette
* Removed clipboard functions as it violated the CRAN policy
* Renamed `septic_patients$sex` to `septic_patients$gender`
#### Changed
* Added three antimicrobial agents to the `antibiotics` data set: Terbinafine (D01BA02), Rifaximin (A07AA11) and Isoconazole (D01AC05)
* Added 163 trade names to the `antibiotics` data set, it now contains 298 different trade names in total, e.g.:
```r
ab_official("Bactroban")
# [1] "Mupirocin"
ab_name(c("Bactroban", "Amoxil", "Zithromax", "Floxapen"))
# [1] "Mupirocin" "Amoxicillin" "Azithromycin" "Flucloxacillin"
ab_atc(c("Bactroban", "Amoxil", "Zithromax", "Floxapen"))
# [1] "R01AX06" "J01CA04" "J01FA10" "J01CF05"
```
* For `first_isolate`, rows will be ignored when there's no species available
* Function `ratio` is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release, as it is not really the scope of this package
* Fix for `as.mic` for values ending in zeroes after a real number
* Small fix where *B. fragilis* would not be found in the `microorganisms.umcg` data set
* Added `prevalence` column to the `microorganisms` data set
* Added parameters `minimum` and `as_percent` to `portion_df`
* Support for quasiquotation in the functions series `count_*` and `portions_*`, and `n_rsi`. This allows to check for more than 2 vectors or columns.
```r
septic_patients %>% select(amox, cipr) %>% count_IR()
# which is the same as:
septic_patients %>% count_IR(amox, cipr)
septic_patients %>% portion_S(amcl)
septic_patients %>% portion_S(amcl, gent)
septic_patients %>% portion_S(amcl, gent, pita)
```
* Edited `ggplot_rsi` and `geom_rsi` so they can cope with `count_df`. The new `fun` parameter has value `portion_df` at default, but can be set to `count_df`.
* Fix for `ggplot_rsi` when the `ggplot2` package was not loaded
* Added datalabels function `labels_rsi_count` to `ggplot_rsi`
* Added possibility to set any parameter to `geom_rsi` (and `ggplot_rsi`) so you can set your own preferences
* Fix for joins, where predefined suffices would not be honoured
* Added parameter `quote` to the `freq` function
* Added generic function `diff` for frequency tables
* Added longest en shortest character length in the frequency table (`freq`) header of class `character`
* Support for types (classes) list and matrix for `freq`
```r
my_matrix = with(septic_patients, matrix(c(age, gender), ncol = 2))
freq(my_matrix)
```
For lists, subsetting is possible:
```r
my_list = list(age = septic_patients$age, gender = septic_patients$gender)
my_list %>% freq(age)
my_list %>% freq(gender)
```
#### Other
* More unit tests to ensure better integrity of functions
# AMR 0.3.0
#### New
* **BREAKING**: `rsi_df` was removed in favour of new functions `portion_R`, `portion_IR`, `portion_I`, `portion_SI` and `portion_S` to selectively calculate resistance or susceptibility. These functions are 20 to 30 times faster than the old `rsi` function. The old function still works, but is deprecated.
* New function `portion_df` to get all portions of S, I and R of a data set with antibiotic columns, with support for grouped variables
* **BREAKING**: the methodology for determining first weighted isolates was changed. The antibiotics that are compared between isolates (call *key antibiotics*) to include more first isolates (afterwards called first *weighted* isolates) are now as follows:
* Universal: amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavlanic acid, cefuroxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
* Gram-positive: vancomycin, teicoplanin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxacillin, rifampicin
* Gram-negative: gentamicin, tobramycin, colistin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, meropenem
* Support for `ggplot2`
* New functions `geom_rsi`, `facet_rsi`, `scale_y_percent`, `scale_rsi_colours` and `theme_rsi`
* New wrapper function `ggplot_rsi` to apply all above functions on a data set:
* `septic_patients %>% select(tobr, gent) %>% ggplot_rsi` will show portions of S, I and R immediately in a pretty plot
* Support for grouped variables, see `?ggplot_rsi`
* Determining bacterial ID:
* New functions `as.bactid` and `is.bactid` to transform/ look up microbial ID's.
* The existing function `guess_bactid` is now an alias of `as.bactid`
* New Becker classification for *Staphylococcus* to categorise them into Coagulase Negative *Staphylococci* (CoNS) and Coagulase Positve *Staphylococci* (CoPS)
* New Lancefield classification for *Streptococcus* to categorise them into Lancefield groups
* For convience, new descriptive statistical functions `kurtosis` and `skewness` that are lacking in base R - they are generic functions and have support for vectors, data.frames and matrices
* Function `g.test` to perform the Χ<sup>2</sup> distributed [*G*-test](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-test), which use is the same as `chisq.test`
* ~~Function `ratio` to transform a vector of values to a preset ratio~~
* ~~For example: `ratio(c(10, 500, 10), ratio = "1:2:1")` would return `130, 260, 130`~~
* Support for Addins menu in RStudio to quickly insert `%in%` or `%like%` (and give them keyboard shortcuts), or to view the datasets that come with this package
* Function `p.symbol` to transform p values to their related symbols: `0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1`
* Functions `clipboard_import` and `clipboard_export` as helper functions to quickly copy and paste from/to software like Excel and SPSS. These functions use the `clipr` package, but are a little altered to also support headless Linux servers (so you can use it in RStudio Server)
* New for frequency tables (function `freq`):
* A vignette to explain its usage
* Support for `rsi` (antimicrobial resistance) to use as input
* Support for `table` to use as input: `freq(table(x, y))`
* Support for existing functions `hist` and `plot` to use a frequency table as input: `hist(freq(df$age))`
* Support for `as.vector`, `as.data.frame`, `as_tibble` and `format`
* Support for quasiquotation: `freq(mydata, mycolumn)` is the same as `mydata %>% freq(mycolumn)`
* Function `top_freq` function to return the top/below *n* items as vector
* Header of frequency tables now also show Mean Absolute Deviaton (MAD) and Interquartile Range (IQR)
* Possibility to globally set the default for the amount of items to print, with `options(max.print.freq = n)` where *n* is your preset value
#### Changed
* Improvements for forecasting with `resistance_predict` and added more examples
* More antibiotics added as parameters for EUCAST rules
* Updated version of the `septic_patients` data set to better reflect the reality
* Pretty printing for tibbles removed as it is not really the scope of this package
* Printing of `mic` and `rsi` classes now returns all values - use `freq` to check distributions
* Improved speed of key antibiotics comparison for determining first isolates
* Column names for the `key_antibiotics` function are now generic: 6 for broadspectrum ABs, 6 for Gram-positive specific and 6 for Gram-negative specific ABs
* Speed improvement for the `abname` function
* `%like%` now supports multiple patterns
* Frequency tables are now actual `data.frame`s with altered console printing to make it look like a frequency table. Because of this, the parameter `toConsole` is not longer needed.
* Fix for `freq` where the class of an item would be lost
* Small translational improvements to the `septic_patients` dataset and the column `bactid` now has the new class `"bactid"`
* Small improvements to the `microorganisms` dataset (especially for *Salmonella*) and the column `bactid` now has the new class `"bactid"`
* Combined MIC/RSI values will now be coerced by the `rsi` and `mic` functions:
* `as.rsi("<=0.002; S")` will return `S`
* `as.mic("<=0.002; S")` will return `<=0.002`
* Now possible to coerce MIC values with a space between operator and value, i.e. `as.mic("<= 0.002")` now works
* Classes `rsi` and `mic` do not add the attribute `package.version` anymore
* Added `"groups"` option for `atc_property(..., property)`. It will return a vector of the ATC hierarchy as defined by the [WHO](https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/). The new function `atc_groups` is a convenient wrapper around this.
* Build-in host check for `atc_property` as it requires the host set by `url` to be responsive
* Improved `first_isolate` algorithm to exclude isolates where bacteria ID or genus is unavailable
* Fix for warning *hybrid evaluation forced for row_number* ([`924b62`](https://github.com/tidyverse/dplyr/commit/924b62)) from the `dplyr` package v0.7.5 and above
* Support for empty values and for 1 or 2 columns as input for `guess_bactid` (now called `as.bactid`)
* So `yourdata %>% select(genus, species) %>% as.bactid()` now also works
* Other small fixes
#### Other
* Added integration tests (check if everything works as expected) for all releases of R 3.1 and higher
* Linux and macOS: https://travis-ci.org/msberends/AMR
* Windows: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/msberends/amr
* Added thesis advisors to DESCRIPTION file
# AMR 0.2.0
#### New
* Full support for Windows, Linux and macOS
* Full support for old R versions, only R-3.0.0 (April 2013) or later is needed (needed packages may have other dependencies)
* Function `n_rsi` to count cases where antibiotic test results were available, to be used in conjunction with `dplyr::summarise`, see ?rsi
* Function `guess_bactid` to **determine the ID** of a microorganism based on genus/species or known abbreviations like MRSA
* Function `guess_atc` to **determine the ATC** of an antibiotic based on name, trade name, or known abbreviations
* Function `freq` to create **frequency tables**, with additional info in a header
* Function `MDRO` to **determine Multi Drug Resistant Organisms (MDRO)** with support for country-specific guidelines.
* [Exceptional resistances defined by EUCAST](http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance) are also supported instead of countries alone
* Functions `BRMO` and `MRGN` are wrappers for Dutch and German guidelines, respectively
* New algorithm to determine weighted isolates, can now be `"points"` or `"keyantibiotics"`, see `?first_isolate`
* New print format for `tibble`s and `data.table`s
#### Changed
* Fixed `rsi` class for vectors that contain only invalid antimicrobial interpretations
* Renamed dataset `ablist` to `antibiotics`
* Renamed dataset `bactlist` to `microorganisms`
* Added common abbreviations and trade names to the `antibiotics` dataset
* Added more microorganisms to the `microorganisms` dataset
* Added analysis examples on help page of dataset `septic_patients`
* Added support for character vector in `join` functions
* Added warnings when a join results in more rows after than before the join
* Altered `%like%` to make it case insensitive
* For parameters of functions `first_isolate` and `EUCAST_rules` column names are now case-insensitive
* Functions `as.rsi` and `as.mic` now add the package name and version as attributes
#### Other
* Expanded `README.md` with more examples
* Added [ORCID](https://orcid.org) of authors to DESCRIPTION file
* Added unit testing with the `testthat` package
* Added build tests for Linux and macOS using Travis CI (https://travis-ci.org/msberends/AMR)
* Added line coverage checking using CodeCov (https://codecov.io/gh/msberends/AMR/tree/master/R)
# AMR 0.1.1
* `EUCAST_rules` applies for amoxicillin even if ampicillin is missing
* Edited column names to comply with GLIMS, the laboratory information system
* Added more valid MIC values
* Renamed 'Daily Defined Dose' to 'Defined Daily Dose'
* Added barplots for `rsi` and `mic` classes
# AMR 0.1.0
* First submission to CRAN.
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Transform to antibiotic ID
#'
#' Use this function to determine the antibiotic code of one or more antibiotics. The data set \code{\link{antibiotics}} will be searched for abbreviations, official names and synonyms (brand names).
#' @param x character vector to determine to antibiotic ID
#' @param ... arguments passed on to internal functions
#' @rdname as.ab
#' @keywords atc
#' @inheritSection WHOCC WHOCC
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% filter slice pull
#' @details All entries in the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set have three different identifiers: a human readable EARS-Net code (column \code{ab}, used by ECDC and WHONET), an ATC code (column \code{atc}, used by WHO), and a CID code (column \code{cid}, Compound ID, used by PubChem). The data set contains more than 5,000 official brand names from many different countries, as found in PubChem.
#'
#' Use the \code{\link{ab_property}} functions to get properties based on the returned antibiotic ID, see Examples.
#' @section Source:
#' World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology: \url{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/}
#'
#' WHONET 2019 software: \url{http://www.whonet.org/software.html}
#'
#' European Commission Public Health PHARMACEUTICALS - COMMUNITY REGISTER: \url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}
#' @return Character (vector) with class \code{"ab"}. Unknown values will return \code{NA}.
#' @seealso \code{\link{antibiotics}} for the dataframe that is being used to determine ATCs.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # These examples all return "ERY", the ID of Erythromycin:
#' as.ab("J01FA01")
#' as.ab("J 01 FA 01")
#' as.ab("Erythromycin")
#' as.ab("eryt")
#' as.ab(" eryt 123")
#' as.ab("ERYT")
#' as.ab("ERY")
#' as.ab("eritromicine") # spelled wrong, yet works
#' as.ab("Erythrocin") # trade name
#' as.ab("Romycin") # trade name
#'
#' # Use ab_* functions to get a specific properties (see ?ab_property);
#' # they use as.ab() internally:
#' ab_name("J01FA01") # "Erythromycin"
#' ab_name("eryt") # "Erythromycin"
as.ab <- function(x, ...) {
if (is.ab(x)) {
return(x)
}
if (all(toupper(x) %in% AMR::antibiotics$ab)) {
# valid AB code, but not yet right class
return(structure(.Data = toupper(x),
class = "ab"))
}
x_bak <- x
# remove diacritics
x <- iconv(x, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT")
x <- gsub('"', "", x, fixed = TRUE)
# remove suffices
x_bak_clean <- gsub("_(mic|rsi|dis[ck])$", "", x, ignore.case = TRUE)
# remove disk concentrations, like LVX_NM -> LVX
x_bak_clean <- gsub("_[A-Z]{2}[0-9_]{0,3}$", "", x_bak_clean, ignore.case = TRUE)
# remove part between brackets if that's followed by another string
x_bak_clean <- gsub("(.*)+ [(].*[)]", "\\1", x_bak_clean)
# keep only max 1 space
x_bak_clean <- trimws(gsub(" +", " ", x_bak_clean, ignore.case = TRUE))
# non-character, space or number should be a slash
x_bak_clean <- gsub("[^A-Za-z0-9 -]", "/", x_bak_clean)
# spaces around non-characters must be removed: amox + clav -> amox/clav
x_bak_clean <- gsub("(.*[a-zA-Z0-9]) ([^a-zA-Z0-9].*)", "\\1\\2", x_bak_clean)
x_bak_clean <- gsub("(.*[^a-zA-Z0-9]) ([a-zA-Z0-9].*)", "\\1\\2", x_bak_clean)
x <- unique(x_bak_clean)
x_new <- rep(NA_character_, length(x))
x_unknown <- character(0)
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
if (is.na(x[i]) | is.null(x[i])) {
next
}
if (identical(x[i], "")) {
x_unknown <- c(x_unknown, x_bak[x[i] == x_bak_clean][1])
next
}
# prevent "bacteria" from coercing to TMP, since Bacterial is a brand name of it
if (identical(tolower(x[i]), "bacteria")) {
x_unknown <- c(x_unknown, x_bak[x[i] == x_bak_clean][1])
next
}
# exact AB code
found <- AMR::antibiotics[which(AMR::antibiotics$ab == toupper(x[i])), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# exact ATC code
found <- AMR::antibiotics[which(AMR::antibiotics$atc == toupper(x[i])), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# exact CID code
found <- AMR::antibiotics[which(AMR::antibiotics$cid == x[i]), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# exact name
found <- AMR::antibiotics[which(toupper(AMR::antibiotics$name) == toupper(x[i])), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# exact synonym
synonym_found <- unlist(lapply(AMR::antibiotics$synonyms,
function(s) if (toupper(x[i]) %in% toupper(s)) {
TRUE
} else {
FALSE
}))
found <- AMR::antibiotics$ab[synonym_found == TRUE]
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# exact abbreviation
abbr_found <- unlist(lapply(AMR::antibiotics$abbreviations,
function(a) if (toupper(x[i]) %in% toupper(a)) {
TRUE
} else {
FALSE
}))
found <- AMR::antibiotics$ab[abbr_found == TRUE]
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# first >=4 characters of name
if (nchar(x[i]) >= 4) {
found <- AMR::antibiotics[which(toupper(AMR::antibiotics$name) %like% paste0("^", x[i])), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
}
# allow characters that resemble others, but only continue when having more than 3 characters
if (nchar(x[i]) <= 3) {
x_unknown <- c(x_unknown, x_bak[x[i] == x_bak_clean][1])
next
}
x_spelling <- tolower(x[i])
x_spelling <- gsub("[iy]+", "[iy]+", x_spelling)
x_spelling <- gsub("(c|k|q|qu|s|z|x|ks)+", "(c|k|q|qu|s|z|x|ks)+", x_spelling)
x_spelling <- gsub("(ph|f|v)+", "(ph|f|v)+", x_spelling)
x_spelling <- gsub("(th|t)+", "(th|t)+", x_spelling)
x_spelling <- gsub("a+", "a+", x_spelling)
x_spelling <- gsub("e+", "e+", x_spelling)
x_spelling <- gsub("o+", "o+", x_spelling)
# allow any ending of -in/-ine and -im/-ime
x_spelling <- gsub("(\\[iy\\]\\+(n|m)|\\[iy\\]\\+(n|m)e\\+)$", "[iy]+(n|m)e*", x_spelling)
# allow any ending of -ol/-ole
x_spelling <- gsub("(o\\+l|o\\+le\\+)$", "o+le*", x_spelling)
# allow any ending of -on/-one
x_spelling <- gsub("(o\\+n|o\\+ne\\+)$", "o+ne*", x_spelling)
# replace multiple same characters to single one with '+', like "ll" -> "l+"
x_spelling <- gsub("(.)\\1+", "\\1+", x_spelling)
# try if name starts with it
found <- AMR::antibiotics[which(AMR::antibiotics$name %like% paste0("^", x_spelling)), ]$ab
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# and try if any synonym starts with it
synonym_found <- unlist(lapply(AMR::antibiotics$synonyms,
function(s) if (any(s %like% paste0("^", x_spelling))) {
TRUE
} else {
FALSE
}))
found <- AMR::antibiotics$ab[synonym_found == TRUE]
if (length(found) > 0) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
# try by removing all spaces
if (x[i] %like% " ") {
found <- suppressWarnings(as.ab(gsub(" +", "", x[i])))
if (length(found) > 0 & !is.na(found)) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
}
# try by removing all spaces and numbers
if (x[i] %like% " " | x[i] %like% "[0-9]") {
found <- suppressWarnings(as.ab(gsub("[ 0-9]", "", x[i])))
if (length(found) > 0 & !is.na(found)) {
x_new[i] <- found[1L]
next
}
}
if (!isFALSE(list(...)$initial_search)) {
# transform back from other languages and try again
x_translated <- paste(lapply(strsplit(x[i], "[^a-zA-Z0-9 ]"),
function(y) {
for (i in seq_len(length(y))) {
y[i] <- ifelse(tolower(y[i]) %in% tolower(translations_file$replacement),
translations_file[which(tolower(translations_file$replacement) == tolower(y[i]) &
!isFALSE(translations_file$fixed)), "pattern"],
y[i])
}
y
})[[1]],
collapse = "/")
x_translated_guess <- suppressWarnings(as.ab(x_translated, initial_search = FALSE))
if (!is.na(x_translated_guess)) {
x_new[i] <- x_translated_guess
next
}
if (!isFALSE(list(...)$initial_search2)) {
# now also try to coerce brandname combinations like "Amoxy/clavulanic acid"
x_translated <- paste(lapply(strsplit(x_translated, "[^a-zA-Z0-9 ]"),
function(y) {
for (i in seq_len(length(y))) {
y_name <- suppressWarnings(ab_name(y[i], language = NULL, initial_search = FALSE, initial_search2 = FALSE))
y[i] <- ifelse(!is.na(y_name),
y_name,
y[i])
}
y
})[[1]],
collapse = "/")
x_translated_guess <- suppressWarnings(as.ab(x_translated, initial_search = FALSE))
if (!is.na(x_translated_guess)) {
x_new[i] <- x_translated_guess
next
}
}
}
# not found
x_unknown <- c(x_unknown, x_bak[x[i] == x_bak_clean][1])
}
# take failed ATC codes apart from rest
x_unknown_ATCs <- x_unknown[x_unknown %like% "[A-Z][0-9][0-9][A-Z][A-Z][0-9][0-9]"]
x_unknown <- x_unknown[!x_unknown %in% x_unknown_ATCs]
if (length(x_unknown_ATCs) > 0) {
warning("These ATC codes are not (yet) in the antibiotics data set: ",
paste('"', sort(unique(x_unknown_ATCs)), '"', sep = "", collapse = ", "),
".",
call. = FALSE)
}
if (length(x_unknown) > 0) {
warning("These values could not be coerced to a valid antimicrobial ID: ",
paste('"', sort(unique(x_unknown)), '"', sep = "", collapse = ", "),
".",
call. = FALSE)
}
x_result <- data.frame(x = x_bak_clean, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
left_join(data.frame(x = x, x_new = x_new, stringsAsFactors = FALSE), by = "x") %>%
pull(x_new)
if (length(x_result) == 0) {
x_result <- NA_character_
}
structure(.Data = x_result,
class = "ab")
}
#' @rdname as.ab
#' @export
is.ab <- function(x) {
identical(class(x), "ab")
}
#' @exportMethod print.ab
#' @export
#' @noRd
print.ab <- function(x, ...) {
cat("Class 'ab'\n")
print(as.character(x), quote = FALSE)
}
#' @exportMethod as.data.frame.ab
#' @export
#' @noRd
as.data.frame.ab <- function(x, ...) {
# same as as.data.frame.character but with removed stringsAsFactors
nm <- paste(deparse(substitute(x), width.cutoff = 500L),
collapse = " ")
if (!"nm" %in% names(list(...))) {
as.data.frame.vector(x, ..., nm = nm)
} else {
as.data.frame.vector(x, ...)
}
}
#' @exportMethod [.ab
#' @export
#' @noRd
"[.ab" <- function(x, ...) {
y <- NextMethod()
attributes(y) <- attributes(x)
y
}
#' @exportMethod [[.ab
#' @export
#' @noRd
"[[.ab" <- function(x, ...) {
y <- NextMethod()
attributes(y) <- attributes(x)
y
}
#' @exportMethod [<-.ab
#' @export
#' @noRd
"[<-.ab" <- function(i, j, ..., value) {
y <- NextMethod()
attributes(y) <- attributes(i)
class_integrity_check(y, "antimicrobial code", AMR::antibiotics$ab)
}
#' @exportMethod [[<-.ab
#' @export
#' @noRd
"[[<-.ab" <- function(i, j, ..., value) {
y <- NextMethod()
attributes(y) <- attributes(i)
class_integrity_check(y, "antimicrobial code", AMR::antibiotics$ab)
}
#' @exportMethod c.ab
#' @export
#' @noRd
c.ab <- function(x, ...) {
y <- NextMethod()
attributes(y) <- attributes(x)
class_integrity_check(y, "antimicrobial code", AMR::antibiotics$ab)
}
#' @importFrom pillar type_sum
#' @export
type_sum.ab <- function(x) {
"ab"
}
#' @importFrom pillar pillar_shaft
#' @export
pillar_shaft.ab <- function(x, ...) {
out <- format(x)
out[is.na(x)] <- pillar::style_na("NA")
pillar::new_pillar_shaft_simple(out, align = "left", min_width = 4)
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Property of an antibiotic
#'
#' Use these functions to return a specific property of an antibiotic from the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set. All input values will be evaluated internally with \code{\link{as.ab}}.
#' @param x any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with \code{\link{as.ab}}
#' @param tolower logical to indicate whether the first character of every output should be transformed to a lower case character. This will lead to e.g. "polymyxin B" and not "polymyxin b".
#' @param property one of the column names of one of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set
#' @param language language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.
#' @param administration way of administration, either \code{"oral"} or \code{"iv"}
#' @param units a logical to indicate whether the units instead of the DDDs itself must be returned, see Examples
#' @param ... other parameters passed on to \code{\link{as.ab}}
#' @details All output will be \link{translate}d where possible.
#' @inheritSection as.ab Source
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @name ab_property
#' @return \itemize{
#' \item{An \code{integer} in case of \code{ab_cid}}
#' \item{A named \code{list} in case of \code{ab_info} and multiple \code{ab_synonyms}/\code{ab_tradenames}}
#' \item{A \code{double} in case of \code{ab_ddd}}
#' \item{A \code{character} in all other cases}
#' }
#' @export
#' @seealso \code{\link{antibiotics}}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # all properties:
#' ab_name("AMX") # "Amoxicillin"
#' ab_atc("AMX") # J01CA04 (ATC code from the WHO)
#' ab_cid("AMX") # 33613 (Compound ID from PubChem)
#'
#' ab_synonyms("AMX") # a list with brand names of amoxicillin
#' ab_tradenames("AMX") # same
#'
#' ab_group("AMX") # "Beta-lactams/penicillins"
#' ab_atc_group1("AMX") # "Beta-lactam antibacterials, penicillins"
#' ab_atc_group2("AMX") # "Penicillins with extended spectrum"
#'
#' ab_name(x = c("AMC", "PLB")) # "Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid" "Polymyxin B"
#' ab_name(x = c("AMC", "PLB"),
#' tolower = TRUE) # "amoxicillin/clavulanic acid" "polymyxin B"
#'
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "oral") # 1
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "oral", units = TRUE) # "g"
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "iv") # 1
#' ab_ddd("AMX", "iv", units = TRUE) # "g"
#'
#' ab_info("AMX") # all properties as a list
#'
#' # all ab_* functions use as.ab() internally:
#' ab_name("Fluclox") # "Flucloxacillin"
#' ab_name("fluklox") # "Flucloxacillin"
#' ab_name("floxapen") # "Flucloxacillin"
#' ab_name(21319) # "Flucloxacillin" (using CID)
#' ab_name("J01CF05") # "Flucloxacillin" (using ATC)
ab_name <- function(x, language = get_locale(), tolower = FALSE, ...) {
x <- translate_AMR(ab_validate(x = x, property = "name", ...), language = language)
if (tolower == TRUE) {
# use perl to only transform the first character
# as we want "polymyxin B", not "polymyxin b"
x <- gsub("^([A-Z])", "\\L\\1", x, perl = TRUE)
}
x
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_atc <- function(x, ...) {
ab_validate(x = x, property = "atc", ...)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_cid <- function(x, ...) {
ab_validate(x = x, property = "cid", ...)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_synonyms <- function(x, ...) {
syns <- ab_validate(x = x, property = "synonyms", ...)
names(syns) <- x
if (length(syns) == 1) {
unname(unlist(syns))
} else {
syns
}
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_tradenames <- function(x, ...) {
ab_synonyms(x, ...)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_group <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(ab_validate(x = x, property = "group", ...), language = language)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_atc_group1 <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(ab_validate(x = x, property = "atc_group1", ...), language = language)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_atc_group2 <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(ab_validate(x = x, property = "atc_group2", ...), language = language)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_ddd <- function(x, administration = "oral", units = FALSE, ...) {
if (!administration %in% c("oral", "iv")) {
stop("`administration` must be 'oral' or 'iv'", call. = FALSE)
}
ddd_prop <- administration
if (units == TRUE) {
ddd_prop <- paste0(ddd_prop, "_units")
} else {
ddd_prop <- paste0(ddd_prop, "_ddd")
}
ab_validate(x = x, property = ddd_prop, ...)
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_info <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
x <- AMR::as.ab(x, ...)
base::list(ab = as.character(x),
atc = ab_atc(x),
cid = ab_cid(x),
name = ab_name(x, language = language),
group = ab_group(x, language = language),
atc_group1 = ab_atc_group1(x, language = language),
atc_group2 = ab_atc_group2(x, language = language),
tradenames = ab_tradenames(x),
ddd = list(oral = list(amount = ab_ddd(x, administration = "oral", units = FALSE),
units = ab_ddd(x, administration = "oral", units = TRUE)),
iv = list(amount = ab_ddd(x, administration = "iv", units = FALSE),
units = ab_ddd(x, administration = "iv", units = TRUE))))
}
#' @rdname ab_property
#' @export
ab_property <- function(x, property = "name", language = get_locale(), ...) {
if (length(property) != 1L) {
stop("'property' must be of length 1.")
}
if (!property %in% colnames(AMR::antibiotics)) {
stop("invalid property: '", property, "' - use a column name of the `antibiotics` data set")
}
translate_AMR(ab_validate(x = x, property = property, ...), language = language)
}
ab_validate <- function(x, property, ...) {
if (!"AMR" %in% base::.packages()) {
library("AMR")
# check onLoad() in R/zzz.R: data tables are created there.
}
# try to catch an error when inputting an invalid parameter
# so the 'call.' can be set to FALSE
tryCatch(x[1L] %in% AMR::antibiotics[1, property],
error = function(e) stop(e$message, call. = FALSE))
x_bak <- x
if (!all(x %in% AMR::antibiotics[, property])) {
x <- data.frame(ab = AMR::as.ab(x, ...), stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
left_join(AMR::antibiotics, by = "ab") %>%
pull(property)
}
if (property == "ab") {
return(structure(x, class = property))
} else if (property == "cid") {
return(as.integer(x))
} else if (property %like% "ddd") {
return(as.double(x))
} else {
# return "(input)" for NAs
x[is.na(x) & !is.na(x_bak)] <- paste0("(", x_bak[is.na(x) & !is.na(x_bak)], ")")
return(x)
}
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Age in years of individuals
#'
#' Calculates age in years based on a reference date, which is the sytem date at default.
#' @param x date(s), will be coerced with \code{\link{as.POSIXlt}}
#' @param reference reference date(s) (defaults to today), will be coerced with \code{\link{as.POSIXlt}} and cannot be lower than \code{x}
#' @param exact a logical to indicate whether age calculation should be exact, i.e. with decimals. It divides the number of days of \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year-to-date}{year-to-date} (YTD) of \code{x} by the number of days in a year of \code{reference} (either 365 or 366).
#' @param na.rm a logical to indicate whether missing values should be removed
#' @return An integer (no decimals) if \code{exact = FALSE}, a double (with decimals) otherwise
#' @seealso To split ages into groups, use the \code{\link{age_groups}} function.
#' @importFrom dplyr if_else
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
#' @examples
#' # 10 random birth dates
#' df <- data.frame(birth_date = Sys.Date() - runif(10) * 25000)
#' # add ages
#' df$age <- age(df$birth_date)
#' # add exact ages
#' df$age_exact <- age(df$birth_date, exact = TRUE)
#'
#' df
age <- function(x, reference = Sys.Date(), exact = FALSE, na.rm = FALSE) {
if (length(x) != length(reference)) {
if (length(reference) == 1) {
reference <- rep(reference, length(x))
} else {
stop("`x` and `reference` must be of same length, or `reference` must be of length 1.")
}
}
x <- as.POSIXlt(x)
reference <- as.POSIXlt(reference)
# from https://stackoverflow.com/a/25450756/4575331
years_gap <- reference$year - x$year
ages <- if_else(reference$mon < x$mon | (reference$mon == x$mon & reference$mday < x$mday),
as.integer(years_gap - 1),
as.integer(years_gap))
# add decimals
if (exact == TRUE) {
# get dates of `x` when `x` would have the year of `reference`
x_in_reference_year <- as.POSIXlt(paste0(format(reference, "%Y"), format(x, "-%m-%d")))
# get differences in days
n_days_x_rest <- as.double(difftime(reference, x_in_reference_year, units = "days"))
# get numbers of days the years of `reference` has for a reliable denominator
n_days_reference_year <- as.POSIXlt(paste0(format(reference, "%Y"), "-12-31"))$yday + 1
# add decimal parts of year
mod <- n_days_x_rest / n_days_reference_year
# negative mods are cases where `x_in_reference_year` > `reference` - so 'add' a year
mod[mod < 0] <- 1 + mod[mod < 0]
# and finally add to ages
ages <- ages + mod
}
if (any(ages < 0, na.rm = TRUE)) {
ages[ages < 0] <- NA
warning("NAs introduced for ages below 0.")
}
if (any(ages > 120, na.rm = TRUE)) {
warning("Some ages are above 120.")
}
if (isTRUE(na.rm)) {
ages <- ages[!is.na(ages)]
}
ages
}
#' Split ages into age groups
#'
#' Split ages into age groups defined by the \code{split} parameter. This allows for easier demographic (antimicrobial resistance) analysis.
#' @param x age, e.g. calculated with \code{\link{age}}
#' @param split_at values to split \code{x} at, defaults to age groups 0-11, 12-24, 25-54, 55-74 and 75+. See Details.
#' @param na.rm a logical to indicate whether missing values should be removed
#' @details To split ages, the input can be:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{A numeric vector. A vector of e.g. \code{c(10, 20)} will split on 0-9, 10-19 and 20+. A value of only \code{50} will split on 0-49 and 50+.
#' The default is to split on young children (0-11), youth (12-24), young adults (25-54), middle-aged adults (55-74) and elderly (75+).}
#' \item{A character:}
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\code{"children"} or \code{"kids"}, equivalent of: \code{c(0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 13, 18)}. This will split on 0, 1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-12, 13-17 and 18+.}
#' \item{\code{"elderly"} or \code{"seniors"}, equivalent of: \code{c(65, 75, 85)}. This will split on 0-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85+.}
#' \item{\code{"fives"}, equivalent of: \code{1:20 * 5}. This will split on 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, ..., 90-94, 95-99, 100+.}
#' \item{\code{"tens"}, equivalent of: \code{1:10 * 10}. This will split on 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, ... 80-89, 90-99, 100+.}
#' }
#' }
#' @keywords age_group age
#' @return Ordered \code{\link{factor}}
#' @seealso To determine ages, based on one or more reference dates, use the \code{\link{age}} function.
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' ages <- c(3, 8, 16, 54, 31, 76, 101, 43, 21)
#'
#' # split into 0-49 and 50+
#' age_groups(ages, 50)
#'
#' # split into 0-19, 20-49 and 50+
#' age_groups(ages, c(20, 50))
#'
#' # split into groups of ten years
#' age_groups(ages, 1:10 * 10)
#' age_groups(ages, split_at = "tens")
#'
#' # split into groups of five years
#' age_groups(ages, 1:20 * 5)
#' age_groups(ages, split_at = "fives")
#'
#' # split specifically for children
#' age_groups(ages, "children")
#' # same:
#' age_groups(ages, c(1, 2, 4, 6, 13, 17))
#'
#' # resistance of ciprofloxacine per age group
#' library(dplyr)
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter_first_isolate() %>%
#' filter(mo == as.mo("E. coli")) %>%
#' group_by(age_group = age_groups(age)) %>%
#' select(age_group, CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(x = "age_group")
age_groups <- function(x, split_at = c(12, 25, 55, 75), na.rm = FALSE) {
if (!is.numeric(x)) {
stop("`x` and must be numeric, not a ", paste0(class(x), collapse = "/"), ".")
}
if (any(x < 0, na.rm = TRUE)) {
x[x < 0] <- NA
warning("NAs introduced for ages below 0.")
}
if (is.character(split_at)) {
split_at <- split_at[1L]
if (split_at %like% "^(child|kid|junior)") {
split_at <- c(0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 13, 18)
} else if (split_at %like% "^(elder|senior)") {
split_at <- c(65, 75, 85)
} else if (split_at %like% "^five") {
split_at <- 1:20 * 5
} else if (split_at %like% "^ten") {
split_at <- 1:10 * 10
}
}
split_at <- sort(unique(as.integer(split_at)))
if (!split_at[1] == 0) {
# add base number 0
split_at <- c(0, split_at)
}
split_at <- split_at[!is.na(split_at)]
if (length(split_at) == 1) {
# only 0 is available
stop("invalid value for `split_at`.")
}
# turn input values to 'split_at' indices
y <- x
labs <- split_at
for (i in seq_len(length(split_at))) {
y[x >= split_at[i]] <- i
# create labels
labs[i - 1] <- paste0(unique(c(split_at[i - 1], split_at[i] - 1)), collapse = "-")
}
# last category
labs[length(labs)] <- paste0(split_at[length(split_at)], "+")
agegroups <- factor(labs[y], levels = labs, ordered = TRUE)
if (isTRUE(na.rm)) {
agegroups <- agegroups[!is.na(agegroups)]
}
agegroups
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' The \code{AMR} Package
#'
#' Welcome to the \code{AMR} package.
#' @details
#' \code{AMR} is a free and open-source R package to simplify the analysis and prediction of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and to work with microbial and antimicrobial properties by using evidence-based methods. It supports any table format, including WHONET/EARS-Net data.
#'
#' We created this package for both academic research and routine analysis at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Groningen and the Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention (MMBI) department of the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG). This R package is actively maintained and free software; you can freely use and distribute it for both personal and commercial (but not patent) purposes under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GPL-2), as published by the Free Software Foundation.
#'
#' This package can be used for:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{Reference for microorganisms, since it contains all microbial (sub)species from the Catalogue of Life}
#' \item{Interpreting raw MIC and disk diffusion values, based on the latest CLSI or EUCAST guidelines}
#' \item{Calculating antimicrobial resistance}
#' \item{Determining multi-drug resistance (MDR) / multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO)}
#' \item{Calculating empirical susceptibility of both mono therapy and combination therapy}
#' \item{Predicting future antimicrobial resistance using regression models}
#' \item{Getting properties for any microorganism (like Gram stain, species, genus or family)}
#' \item{Getting properties for any antibiotic (like name, ATC code, defined daily dose or trade name)}
#' \item{Plotting antimicrobial resistance}
#' \item{Determining first isolates to be used for AMR analysis}
#' \item{Applying EUCAST expert rules}
#' \item{Descriptive statistics: frequency tables, kurtosis and skewness}
#' }
#' @section Authors:
#' Matthijs S. Berends[1,2] Christian F. Luz[1], Erwin E.A. Hassing[2], Corinna Glasner[1], Alex W. Friedrich[1], Bhanu N.M. Sinha[1] \cr
#'
#' [1] Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands - \url{https://www.rug.nl} \url{https://www.umcg.nl} \cr
#' [2] Certe Medical Diagnostics & Advice, Groningen, the Netherlands - \url{https://www.certe.nl}
#' @section Read more on our website!:
#' On our website \url{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR} you can find \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html}{a tutorial} about how to conduct AMR analysis, the \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/reference}{complete documentation of all functions} (which reads a lot easier than here in R) and \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/WHONET.html}{an example analysis using WHONET data}.
#' @section Contact us:
#' For suggestions, comments or questions, please contact us at:
#'
#' Matthijs S. Berends \cr
#' m.s.berends [at] umcg [dot] nl \cr
#' Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen \cr
#' University Medical Center Groningen \cr
#' Post Office Box 30001 \cr
#' 9700 RB Groningen
#'
#' If you have found a bug, please file a new issue at: \cr
#' \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues}
#' @name AMR
#' @rdname AMR
#' @importFrom microbenchmark microbenchmark
#' @importFrom knitr kable
NULL
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Get ATC properties from WHOCC website
#'
#' Gets data from the WHO to determine properties of an ATC (e.g. an antibiotic) like name, defined daily dose (DDD) or standard unit. \cr \strong{This function requires an internet connection.}
#' @param atc_code a character or character vector with ATC code(s) of antibiotic(s)
#' @param property property of an ATC code. Valid values are \code{"ATC"}, \code{"Name"}, \code{"DDD"}, \code{"U"} (\code{"unit"}), \code{"Adm.R"}, \code{"Note"} and \code{groups}. For this last option, all hierarchical groups of an ATC code will be returned, see Examples.
#' @param administration type of administration when using \code{property = "Adm.R"}, see Details
#' @param url url of website of the WHO. The sign \code{\%s} can be used as a placeholder for ATC codes.
#' @param ... parameters to pass on to \code{atc_property}
#' @details
#' Options for parameter \code{administration}:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\code{"Implant"}}{ = Implant}
#' \item{\code{"Inhal"}}{ = Inhalation}
#' \item{\code{"Instill"}}{ = Instillation}
#' \item{\code{"N"}}{ = nasal}
#' \item{\code{"O"}}{ = oral}
#' \item{\code{"P"}}{ = parenteral}
#' \item{\code{"R"}}{ = rectal}
#' \item{\code{"SL"}}{ = sublingual/buccal}
#' \item{\code{"TD"}}{ = transdermal}
#' \item{\code{"V"}}{ = vaginal}
#' }
#'
#' Abbreviations of return values when using \code{property = "U"} (unit):
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\code{"g"}}{ = gram}
#' \item{\code{"mg"}}{ = milligram}
#' \item{\code{"mcg"}}{ = microgram}
#' \item{\code{"U"}}{ = unit}
#' \item{\code{"TU"}}{ = thousand units}
#' \item{\code{"MU"}}{ = million units}
#' \item{\code{"mmol"}}{ = millimole}
#' \item{\code{"ml"}}{ = milliliter (e.g. eyedrops)}
#' }
#' @export
#' @rdname atc_online
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% progress_estimated
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @source \url{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_alterations__cumulative/ddd_alterations/abbrevations/}
#' @examples
#' \donttest{
#' # oral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin
#' atc_online_property("J01CA04", "DDD", "O")
#' # parenteral DDD (Defined Daily Dose) of amoxicillin
#' atc_online_property("J01CA04", "DDD", "P")
#'
#' atc_online_property("J01CA04", property = "groups") # search hierarchical groups of amoxicillin
#' # [1] "ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE"
#' # [2] "ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE"
#' # [3] "BETA-LACTAM ANTIBACTERIALS, PENICILLINS"
#' # [4] "Penicillins with extended spectrum"
#' }
atc_online_property <- function(atc_code,
property,
administration = "O",
url = "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=%s&showdescription=no") {
if (!all(c("curl", "rvest", "xml2") %in% rownames(utils::installed.packages()))) {
stop("Packages 'xml2', 'rvest' and 'curl' are required for this function")
}
if (!all(atc_code %in% AMR::antibiotics)) {
atc_code <- as.character(ab_atc(atc_code))
}
if (!curl::has_internet()) {
message("There appears to be no internet connection.")
return(rep(NA, length(atc_code)))
}
if (length(property) != 1L) {
stop("`property` must be of length 1", call. = FALSE)
}
if (length(administration) != 1L) {
stop("`administration` must be of length 1", call. = FALSE)
}
# also allow unit as property
if (property %like% "unit") {
property <- "U"
}
# validation of properties
valid_properties <- c("ATC", "Name", "DDD", "U", "Adm.R", "Note", "groups")
valid_properties.bak <- valid_properties
property <- tolower(property)
valid_properties <- tolower(valid_properties)
if (!property %in% valid_properties) {
stop("Invalid `property`, use one of ", paste(valid_properties.bak, collapse = ", "), ".")
}
if (property == "ddd") {
returnvalue <- rep(NA_real_, length(atc_code))
} else if (property == "groups") {
returnvalue <- list()
} else {
returnvalue <- rep(NA_character_, length(atc_code))
}
progress <- progress_estimated(n = length(atc_code))
for (i in seq_len(length(atc_code))) {
progress$tick()$print()
atc_url <- sub("%s", atc_code[i], url, fixed = TRUE)
if (property == "groups") {
tbl <- xml2::read_html(atc_url) %>%
rvest::html_node("#content") %>%
rvest::html_children() %>%
rvest::html_node("a")
# get URLS of items
hrefs <- tbl %>% rvest::html_attr("href")
# get text of items
texts <- tbl %>% rvest::html_text()
# select only text items where URL like "code="
texts <- texts[grepl("?code=", tolower(hrefs), fixed = TRUE)]
# last one is antibiotics, skip it
texts <- texts[seq_len(length(texts)) - 1]
returnvalue <- c(list(texts), returnvalue)
} else {
tbl <- xml2::read_html(atc_url) %>%
rvest::html_nodes("table") %>%
rvest::html_table(header = TRUE) %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
# case insensitive column names
colnames(tbl) <- tolower(colnames(tbl)) %>% gsub("^atc.*", "atc", .)
if (length(tbl) == 0) {
warning("ATC not found: ", atc_code[i], ". Please check ", atc_url, ".", call. = FALSE)
returnvalue[i] <- NA
next
}
if (property %in% c("atc", "name")) {
# ATC and name are only in first row
returnvalue[i] <- tbl[1, property]
} else {
if (!"adm.r" %in% colnames(tbl) | is.na(tbl[1, "adm.r"])) {
returnvalue[i] <- NA
next
} else {
for (j in seq_len(nrow(tbl))) {
if (tbl[j, "adm.r"] == administration) {
returnvalue[i] <- tbl[j, property]
}
}
}
}
}
}
if (property == "groups" & length(returnvalue) == 1) {
returnvalue <- returnvalue[[1]]
}
returnvalue
}
#' @rdname atc_online
#' @export
atc_online_groups <- function(atc_code, ...) {
atc_online_property(atc_code = atc_code, property = "groups", ...)
}
#' @rdname atc_online
#' @export
atc_online_ddd <- function(atc_code, ...) {
atc_online_property(atc_code = atc_code, property = "ddd", ...)
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Check availability of columns
#'
#' Easy check for availability of columns in a data set. This makes it easy to get an idea of which antimicrobial combination can be used for calculation with e.g. \code{\link{portion_R}}.
#' @param tbl a \code{data.frame} or \code{list}
#' @param width number of characters to present the visual availability, defaults to filling the width of the console
#' @details The function returns a \code{data.frame} with columns \code{"resistant"} and \code{"visual_resistance"}. The values in that columns are calculated with \code{\link{portion_R}}.
#' @return \code{data.frame} with column names of \code{tbl} as row names
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
# @importFrom clean percentage
#' @export
#' @examples
#' availability(example_isolates)
#'
#' library(dplyr)
#' example_isolates %>% availability()
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select_if(is.rsi) %>%
#' availability()
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter(mo == as.mo("E. coli")) %>%
#' select_if(is.rsi) %>%
#' availability()
availability <- function(tbl, width = NULL) {
x <- base::sapply(tbl, function(x) {
1 - base::sum(base::is.na(x)) / base::length(x)
})
n <- base::sapply(tbl, function(x) base::length(x[!base::is.na(x)]))
R <- base::sapply(tbl, function(x) base::ifelse(is.rsi(x), portion_R(x, minimum = 0), NA))
R_print <- character(length(R))
R_print[!is.na(R)] <- percentage(R[!is.na(R)])
R_print[is.na(R)] <- ""
if (is.null(width)) {
width <- options()$width -
(max(nchar(colnames(tbl))) +
# count col
8 +
# available % column
10 +
# resistant % column
10 +
# extra margin
5)
width <- width / 2
}
if (length(R[is.na(R)]) == ncol(tbl)) {
width <- width * 2 + 10
}
x_chars_R <- strrep("#", round(width * R, digits = 2))
x_chars_SI <- strrep("-", width - nchar(x_chars_R))
vis_resistance <- paste0("|", x_chars_R, x_chars_SI, "|")
vis_resistance[is.na(R)] <- ""
x_chars <- strrep("#", round(x, digits = 2) / (1 / width))
x_chars_empty <- strrep("-", width - nchar(x_chars))
df <- data.frame(count = n,
available = percentage(x),
visual_availabilty = paste0("|", x_chars, x_chars_empty, "|"),
resistant = R_print,
visual_resistance = vis_resistance)
if (length(R[is.na(R)]) == ncol(tbl)) {
df[, 1:3]
} else {
df
}
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Determine bug-drug combinations
#'
#' Determine antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of all bug-drug combinations in your data set where at least 30 (default) isolates are available per species. Use \code{format} on the result to prettify it to a publicable/printable format, see Examples.
#' @inheritParams eucast_rules
#' @param combine_IR logical to indicate whether values R and I should be summed
#' @param add_ab_group logical to indicate where the group of the antimicrobials must be included as a first column
#' @param remove_intrinsic_resistant logical to indicate that rows with 100\% resistance for all tested antimicrobials must be removed from the table
#' @param FUN the function to call on the \code{mo} column to transform the microorganism IDs, defaults to \code{\link{mo_shortname}}
#' @param translate_ab a character of length 1 containing column names of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set
#' @param ... arguments passed on to \code{FUN}
#' @inheritParams rsi_df
#' @inheritParams base::formatC
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% rename group_by select mutate filter summarise ungroup
#' @importFrom tidyr spread
# @importFrom clean freq percentage
#' @details The function \code{format} calculates the resistance per bug-drug combination. Use \code{combine_IR = FALSE} (default) to test R vs. S+I and \code{combine_IR = TRUE} to test R+I vs. S.
#'
#' The language of the output can be overwritten with \code{options(AMR_locale)}, please see \link{translate}.
#' @export
#' @rdname bug_drug_combinations
#' @return The function \code{bug_drug_combinations} returns a \code{data.frame} with columns "mo", "ab", "S", "I", "R" and "total".
#' @source \strong{M39 Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data, 4th Edition}, 2014, \emph{Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)}. \url{https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/}.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' \donttest{
#' x <- bug_drug_combinations(example_isolates)
#' x
#' format(x, translate_ab = "name (atc)")
#'
#' # Use FUN to change to transformation of microorganism codes
#' x <- bug_drug_combinations(example_isolates,
#' FUN = mo_gramstain)
#'
#' x <- bug_drug_combinations(example_isolates,
#' FUN = function(x) ifelse(x == "B_ESCHR_COLI",
#' "E. coli",
#' "Others"))
#' }
bug_drug_combinations <- function(x,
col_mo = NULL,
FUN = mo_shortname,
...) {
if (!is.data.frame(x)) {
stop("`x` must be a data frame.", call. = FALSE)
}
# try to find columns based on type
# -- mo
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo")
}
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
stop("`col_mo` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
x <- x %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
mutate(mo = x %>%
pull(col_mo) %>%
FUN(...)) %>%
group_by(mo) %>%
select_if(is.rsi) %>%
gather("ab", "value", -mo) %>%
group_by(mo, ab) %>%
summarise(S = sum(value == "S", na.rm = TRUE),
I = sum(value == "I", na.rm = TRUE),
R = sum(value == "R", na.rm = TRUE)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
mutate(total = S + I + R) %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
structure(.Data = x, class = c("bug_drug_combinations", class(x)))
}
#' @importFrom dplyr everything rename %>% ungroup group_by summarise mutate_all arrange everything lag
#' @importFrom tidyr spread
#' @exportMethod format.bug_drug_combinations
#' @export
#' @rdname bug_drug_combinations
format.bug_drug_combinations <- function(x,
translate_ab = "name (ab, atc)",
language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30,
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
add_ab_group = TRUE,
remove_intrinsic_resistant = FALSE,
decimal.mark = getOption("OutDec"),
big.mark = ifelse(decimal.mark == ",", ".", ","),
...) {
x <- x %>% filter(total >= minimum)
if (remove_intrinsic_resistant == TRUE) {
x <- x %>% filter(R != total)
}
if (combine_SI == TRUE | combine_IR == FALSE) {
x$isolates <- x$R
} else {
x$isolates <- x$R + x$I
}
give_ab_name <- function(ab, format, language) {
format <- tolower(format)
ab_txt <- rep(format, length(ab))
for (i in seq_len(length(ab_txt))) {
ab_txt[i] <- gsub("ab", ab[i], ab_txt[i])
ab_txt[i] <- gsub("cid", ab_cid(ab[i]), ab_txt[i])
ab_txt[i] <- gsub("group", ab_group(ab[i], language = language), ab_txt[i])
ab_txt[i] <- gsub("atc_group1", ab_atc_group1(ab[i], language = language), ab_txt[i])
ab_txt[i] <- gsub("atc_group2", ab_atc_group2(ab[i], language = language), ab_txt[i])
ab_txt[i] <- gsub("atc", ab_atc(ab[i]), ab_txt[i])
ab_txt[i] <- gsub("name", ab_name(ab[i], language = language), ab_txt[i])
ab_txt[i]
}
ab_txt
}
y <- x %>%
mutate(ab = as.ab(ab),
ab_txt = give_ab_name(ab = ab, format = translate_ab, language = language)) %>%
group_by(ab, ab_txt, mo) %>%
summarise(isolates = sum(isolates, na.rm = TRUE),
total = sum(total, na.rm = TRUE)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
mutate(txt = paste0(percentage(isolates / total, decimal.mark = decimal.mark, big.mark = big.mark),
" (", trimws(format(isolates, big.mark = big.mark)), "/",
trimws(format(total, big.mark = big.mark)), ")")) %>%
select(ab, ab_txt, mo, txt) %>%
spread(mo, txt) %>%
mutate_all(~ifelse(is.na(.), "", .)) %>%
mutate(ab_group = ab_group(ab, language = language),
ab_txt) %>%
select(ab_group, ab_txt, everything(), -ab) %>%
arrange(ab_group, ab_txt) %>%
mutate(ab_group = ifelse(ab_group != lag(ab_group) | is.na(lag(ab_group)), ab_group, ""))
if (add_ab_group == FALSE) {
y <- y %>% select(-ab_group) %>% rename("Drug" = ab_txt)
colnames(y)[1] <- translate_AMR(colnames(y)[1], language = get_locale(), only_unknown = FALSE)
} else {
y <- y %>% rename("Group" = ab_group,
"Drug" = ab_txt)
colnames(y)[1:2] <- translate_AMR(colnames(y)[1:2], language = get_locale(), only_unknown = FALSE)
}
y
}
#' @exportMethod print.bug_drug_combinations
#' @export
#' @importFrom crayon blue
print.bug_drug_combinations <- function(x, ...) {
print(as.data.frame(x, stringsAsFactors = FALSE))
message(blue("NOTE: Use 'format()' on this result to get a publicable/printable format."))
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' The Catalogue of Life
#'
#' This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life.
#' @section Catalogue of Life:
#' \if{html}{\figure{logo_col.png}{options: height=40px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
#' This package contains the complete taxonomic tree of almost all microorganisms (~70,000 species) from the authoritative and comprehensive Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}). The Catalogue of Life is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available.
#'
#' \link[=catalogue_of_life]{Click here} for more information about the included taxa. Check which version of the Catalogue of Life was included in this package with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}.
#' @section Included taxa:
#' Included are:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{All ~61,000 (sub)species from the kingdoms of Archaea, Bacteria, Chromista and Protozoa}
#' \item{All ~8,500 (sub)species from these orders of the kingdom of Fungi: Eurotiales, Microascales, Mucorales, Onygenales, Pneumocystales, Saccharomycetales, Schizosaccharomycetales and Tremellales. The kingdom of Fungi is a very large taxon with almost 300,000 different (sub)species, of which most are not microbial (but rather macroscopic, like mushrooms). Because of this, not all fungi fit the scope of this package and including everything would tremendously slow down our algorithms too. By only including the aforementioned taxonomic orders, the most relevant fungi are covered (like all species of \emph{Aspergillus}, \emph{Candida}, \emph{Cryptococcus}, \emph{Histplasma}, \emph{Pneumocystis}, \emph{Saccharomyces} and \emph{Trichophyton}).}
#' \item{All ~150 (sub)species from ~100 other relevant genera from the kingdom of Animalia (like \emph{Strongyloides} and \emph{Taenia})}
#' \item{All ~23,000 previously accepted names of all included (sub)species (these were taxonomically renamed)}
#' \item{The complete taxonomic tree of all included (sub)species: from kingdom to subspecies}
#' \item{The responsible author(s) and year of scientific publication}
#' }
#'
#' The Catalogue of Life (\url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org}) is the most comprehensive and authoritative global index of species currently available. It holds essential information on the names, relationships and distributions of over 1.9 million species. The Catalogue of Life is used to support the major biodiversity and conservation information services such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Encyclopedia of Life (EoL) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. It is recognised by the Convention on Biological Diversity as a significant component of the Global Taxonomy Initiative and a contribution to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation.
#'
#' The syntax used to transform the original data to a cleansed R format, can be found here: \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/reproduction_of_microorganisms.R}.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @name catalogue_of_life
#' @rdname catalogue_of_life
#' @seealso Data set \code{\link{microorganisms}} for the actual data. \cr
#' Function \code{\link{as.mo}()} to use the data for intelligent determination of microorganisms.
#' @examples
#' # Get version info of included data set
#' catalogue_of_life_version()
#'
#'
#' # Get a note when a species was renamed
#' mo_shortname("Chlamydia psittaci")
#' # Note: 'Chlamydia psittaci' (Page, 1968) was renamed
#' # 'Chlamydophila psittaci' (Everett et al., 1999)
#' # [1] "C. psittaci"
#'
#' # Get any property from the entire taxonomic tree for all included species
#' mo_class("E. coli")
#' # [1] "Gammaproteobacteria"
#'
#' mo_family("E. coli")
#' # [1] "Enterobacteriaceae"
#'
#' mo_gramstain("E. coli") # based on kingdom and phylum, see ?mo_gramstain
#' # [1] "Gram negative"
#'
#' mo_ref("E. coli")
#' # [1] "Castellani et al., 1919"
#'
#' # Do not get mistaken - the package only includes microorganisms
#' mo_kingdom("C. elegans")
#' # [1] "Bacteria" # Bacteria?!
#' mo_name("C. elegans")
#' # [1] "Chroococcus limneticus elegans" # Because a microorganism was found
NULL
#' Version info of included Catalogue of Life
#'
#' This function returns information about the included data from the Catalogue of Life.
#' @seealso \code{\link{microorganisms}}
#' @details For DSMZ, see \code{?microorganisms}.
#' @return a \code{list}, which prints in pretty format
#' @inheritSection catalogue_of_life Catalogue of Life
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @importFrom crayon bold underline
#' @importFrom dplyr filter
#' @export
#' @examples
#' library(dplyr)
#' library(clean)
#' microorganisms %>% freq(kingdom)
#' microorganisms %>% group_by(kingdom) %>% freq(phylum, nmax = NULL)
catalogue_of_life_version <- function() {
# see the `catalogue_of_life` list in R/data.R
lst <- list(catalogue_of_life =
list(version = gsub("{year}", catalogue_of_life$year, catalogue_of_life$version, fixed = TRUE),
url = gsub("{year}", catalogue_of_life$year, catalogue_of_life$url_CoL, fixed = TRUE),
n = nrow(filter(AMR::microorganisms, source == "CoL"))),
deutsche_sammlung_von_mikroorganismen_und_zellkulturen =
list(version = "Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-Date from DSMZ",
url = catalogue_of_life$url_DSMZ,
yearmonth = catalogue_of_life$yearmonth_DSMZ,
n = nrow(filter(AMR::microorganisms, source == "DSMZ"))),
total_included =
list(
n_total_species = nrow(AMR::microorganisms),
n_total_synonyms = nrow(AMR::microorganisms.old)))
structure(.Data = lst,
class = c("catalogue_of_life_version", "list"))
}
#' @exportMethod print.catalogue_of_life_version
#' @export
#' @noRd
print.catalogue_of_life_version <- function(x, ...) {
lst <- x
cat(paste0(bold("Included in this AMR package are:\n\n"),
underline(lst$catalogue_of_life$version), "\n",
" Available at: ", lst$catalogue_of_life$url, "\n",
" Number of included species: ", format(lst$catalogue_of_life$n, big.mark = ","), "\n",
underline(paste0(lst$deutsche_sammlung_von_mikroorganismen_und_zellkulturen$version, " (",
lst$deutsche_sammlung_von_mikroorganismen_und_zellkulturen$yearmonth, ")")), "\n",
" Available at: ", lst$deutsche_sammlung_von_mikroorganismen_und_zellkulturen$url, "\n",
" Number of included species: ", format(lst$deutsche_sammlung_von_mikroorganismen_und_zellkulturen$n, big.mark = ","), "\n\n",
"=> Total number of species included: ", format(lst$total_included$n_total_species, big.mark = ","), "\n",
"=> Total number of synonyms included: ", format(lst$total_included$n_total_synonyms, big.mark = ","), "\n\n",
"See for more info ?microorganisms and ?catalogue_of_life.\n"))
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Count isolates
#'
#' @description These functions can be used to count resistant/susceptible microbial isolates. All functions support quasiquotation with pipes, can be used in \code{dplyr}s \code{\link[dplyr]{summarise}} and support grouped variables, see \emph{Examples}.
#'
#' \code{count_R} and \code{count_IR} can be used to count resistant isolates, \code{count_S} and \code{count_SI} can be used to count susceptible isolates.\cr
#' @param ... one or more vectors (or columns) with antibiotic interpretations. They will be transformed internally with \code{\link{as.rsi}} if needed.
#' @inheritParams portion
#' @inheritSection as.rsi Interpretation of S, I and R
#' @details These functions are meant to count isolates. Use the \code{\link{portion}_*} functions to calculate microbial resistance.
#'
#' The function \code{n_rsi} is an alias of \code{count_all}. They can be used to count all available isolates, i.e. where all input antibiotics have an available result (S, I or R). Their use is equal to \code{\link{n_distinct}}. Their function is equal to \code{count_S(...) + count_IR(...)}.
#'
#' The function \code{count_df} takes any variable from \code{data} that has an \code{"rsi"} class (created with \code{\link{as.rsi}}) and counts the amounts of S, I and R. The resulting \emph{tidy data} (see Source) \code{data.frame} will have three rows (S/I/R) and a column for each variable with class \code{"rsi"}.
#'
#' The function \code{rsi_df} works exactly like \code{count_df}, but adds the percentage of S, I and R.
#' @inheritSection portion Combination therapy
#' @source Wickham H. \strong{Tidy Data.} The Journal of Statistical Software, vol. 59, 2014. \url{http://vita.had.co.nz/papers/tidy-data.html}
#' @seealso \code{\link{portion}_*} to calculate microbial resistance and susceptibility.
#' @keywords resistance susceptibility rsi antibiotics isolate isolates
#' @return Integer
#' @rdname count
#' @name count
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # example_isolates is a data set available in the AMR package.
#' ?example_isolates
#'
#' # Count resistant isolates
#' count_R(example_isolates$AMX)
#' count_IR(example_isolates$AMX)
#'
#' # Or susceptible isolates
#' count_S(example_isolates$AMX)
#' count_SI(example_isolates$AMX)
#'
#' # Count all available isolates
#' count_all(example_isolates$AMX)
#' n_rsi(example_isolates$AMX)
#'
#' # Since n_rsi counts available isolates, you can
#' # calculate back to count e.g. non-susceptible isolates.
#' # This results in the same:
#' count_SI(example_isolates$AMX)
#' portion_SI(example_isolates$AMX) * n_rsi(example_isolates$AMX)
#'
#' library(dplyr)
#' example_isolates %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(R = count_R(CIP),
#' I = count_I(CIP),
#' S = count_S(CIP),
#' n1 = count_all(CIP), # the actual total; sum of all three
#' n2 = n_rsi(CIP), # same - analogous to n_distinct
#' total = n()) # NOT the number of tested isolates!
#'
#' # Count co-resistance between amoxicillin/clav acid and gentamicin,
#' # so we can see that combination therapy does a lot more than mono therapy.
#' # Please mind that `portion_SI` calculates percentages right away instead.
#' count_SI(example_isolates$AMC) # 1433
#' count_all(example_isolates$AMC) # 1879
#'
#' count_SI(example_isolates$GEN) # 1399
#' count_all(example_isolates$GEN) # 1855
#'
#' with(example_isolates,
#' count_SI(AMC, GEN)) # 1764
#' with(example_isolates,
#' n_rsi(AMC, GEN)) # 1936
#'
#' # Get portions S/I/R immediately of all rsi columns
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX, CIP) %>%
#' count_df(translate = FALSE)
#'
#' # It also supports grouping variables
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(hospital_id, AMX, CIP) %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' count_df(translate = FALSE)
#'
count_R <- function(..., only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = "R",
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname count
#' @export
count_IR <- function(..., only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = c("I", "R"),
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname count
#' @export
count_I <- function(..., only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = "I",
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname count
#' @export
count_SI <- function(..., only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = c("S", "I"),
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname count
#' @export
count_S <- function(..., only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = "S",
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname count
#' @export
count_all <- function(..., only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = c("S", "I", "R"),
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname count
#' @export
n_rsi <- count_all
#' @rdname count
#' @export
count_df <- function(data,
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE) {
rsi_calc_df(type = "count",
data = data,
translate_ab = translate_ab,
language = language,
combine_SI = combine_SI,
combine_IR = combine_IR,
combine_SI_missing = missing(combine_SI))
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Data set with ~450 antibiotics
#'
#' A data set containing all antibiotics. Use \code{\link{as.ab}} or one of the \code{\link{ab_property}} functions to retrieve values from this data set. Three identifiers are included in this data set: an antibiotic ID (\code{ab}, primarily used in this package) as defined by WHONET/EARS-Net, an ATC code (\code{atc}) as defined by the WHO, and a Compound ID (\code{cid}) as found in PubChem. Other properties in this data set are derived from one or more of these codes.
#' @format A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 453 observations and 13 variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{ab}}{Antibiotic ID as used in this package (like \code{AMC}), using the official EARS-Net (European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network) codes where available}
#' \item{\code{atc}}{ATC code (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{J01CR02}}
#' \item{\code{cid}}{Compound ID as found in PubChem}
#' \item{\code{name}}{Official name as used by WHONET/EARS-Net or the WHO}
#' \item{\code{group}}{A short and concise group name, based on WHONET and WHOCC definitions}
#' \item{\code{atc_group1}}{Official pharmacological subgroup (3rd level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{"Macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins"}}
#' \item{\code{atc_group2}}{Official chemical subgroup (4th level ATC code) as defined by the WHOCC, like \code{"Macrolides"}}
#' \item{\code{abbr}}{List of abbreviations as used in many countries, also for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST)}
#' \item{\code{synonyms}}{Synonyms (often trade names) of a drug, as found in PubChem based on their compound ID}
#' \item{\code{oral_ddd}}{Defined Daily Dose (DDD), oral treatment}
#' \item{\code{oral_units}}{Units of \code{ddd_units}}
#' \item{\code{iv_ddd}}{Defined Daily Dose (DDD), parenteral treatment}
#' \item{\code{iv_units}}{Units of \code{iv_ddd}}
#' }
#' @details Properties that are based on an ATC code are only available when an ATC is available. These properties are: \code{atc_group1}, \code{atc_group2}, \code{oral_ddd}, \code{oral_units}, \code{iv_ddd} and \code{iv_units}
#'
#' Synonyms (i.e. trade names) are derived from the Compound ID (\code{cid}) and consequently only available where a CID is available.
#' @source World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC): \url{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/}
#'
#' WHONET 2019 software: \url{http://www.whonet.org/software.html}
#'
#' European Commission Public Health PHARMACEUTICALS - COMMUNITY REGISTER: \url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}
#' @inheritSection WHOCC WHOCC
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @seealso \code{\link{microorganisms}}
"antibiotics"
#' Data set with ~70,000 microorganisms
#'
#' A data set containing the microbial taxonomy of six kingdoms from the Catalogue of Life. MO codes can be looked up using \code{\link{as.mo}}.
#' @inheritSection catalogue_of_life Catalogue of Life
#' @format A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 69,465 observations and 16 variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{mo}}{ID of microorganism as used by this package}
#' \item{\code{col_id}}{Catalogue of Life ID}
#' \item{\code{fullname}}{Full name, like \code{"Escherichia coli"}}
#' \item{\code{kingdom}, \code{phylum}, \code{class}, \code{order}, \code{family}, \code{genus}, \code{species}, \code{subspecies}}{Taxonomic rank of the microorganism}
#' \item{\code{rank}}{Text of the taxonomic rank of the microorganism, like \code{"species"} or \code{"genus"}}
#' \item{\code{ref}}{Author(s) and year of concerning scientific publication}
#' \item{\code{species_id}}{ID of the species as used by the Catalogue of Life}
#' \item{\code{source}}{Either "CoL", "DSMZ" (see Source) or "manually added"}
#' \item{\code{prevalence}}{Prevalence of the microorganism, see \code{?as.mo}}
#' }
#' @details Manually added were:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{11 entries of \emph{Streptococcus} (beta-haemolytic: groups A, B, C, D, F, G, H, K and unspecified; other: viridans, milleri)}
#' \item{2 entries of \emph{Staphylococcus} (coagulase-negative [CoNS] and coagulase-positive [CoPS])}
#' \item{3 entries of \emph{Trichomonas} (\emph{Trichomonas vaginalis}, and its family and genus)}
#' \item{1 entry of \emph{Blastocystis} (\emph{Blastocystis hominis}), although it officially does not exist (Noel et al. 2005, PMID 15634993)}
#' \item{5 other 'undefined' entries (unknown, unknown Gram negatives, unknown Gram positives, unknown yeast and unknown fungus)}
#' \item{9,460 species from the DSMZ (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen) since the DSMZ contain the latest taxonomic information based on recent publications}
#' }
#' @section About the records from DSMZ (see source):
#' Names of prokaryotes are defined as being validly published by the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Validly published are all names which are included in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names and the names subsequently published in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (IJSB) and, from January 2000, in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM) as original articles or in the validation lists.
#'
#' From: \url{https://www.dsmz.de/support/bacterial-nomenclature-up-to-date-downloads/readme.html}
#' @source Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
#'
#' Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Germany, Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-Date, \url{http://www.dsmz.de/bacterial-diversity/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date} (check included version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @seealso \code{\link{as.mo}}, \code{\link{mo_property}}, \code{\link{microorganisms.codes}}
"microorganisms"
catalogue_of_life <- list(
year = 2018,
version = "Catalogue of Life: {year} Annual Checklist",
url_CoL = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/{year}/",
url_DSMZ = "https://www.dsmz.de/services/online-tools/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date/prokaryotic-nomenclature-up-to-date/genus-search",
yearmonth_DSMZ = "August 2019"
)
#' Data set with previously accepted taxonomic names
#'
#' A data set containing old (previously valid or accepted) taxonomic names according to the Catalogue of Life. This data set is used internally by \code{\link{as.mo}}.
#' @inheritSection catalogue_of_life Catalogue of Life
#' @format A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 24,246 observations and 5 variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{col_id}}{Catalogue of Life ID that was originally given}
#' \item{\code{col_id_new}}{New Catalogue of Life ID that responds to an entry in the \code{\link{microorganisms}} data set}
#' \item{\code{fullname}}{Old full taxonomic name of the microorganism}
#' \item{\code{ref}}{Author(s) and year of concerning scientific publication}
#' \item{\code{prevalence}}{Prevalence of the microorganism, see \code{?as.mo}}
#' }
#' @source Catalogue of Life: Annual Checklist (public online taxonomic database), \url{http://www.catalogueoflife.org} (check included annual version with \code{\link{catalogue_of_life_version}()}).
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @seealso \code{\link{as.mo}} \code{\link{mo_property}} \code{\link{microorganisms}}
"microorganisms.old"
#' Translation table for common microorganism codes
#'
#' A data set containing commonly used codes for microorganisms, from laboratory systems and WHONET. Define your own with \code{\link{set_mo_source}}.
#' @format A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 5,006 observations and 2 variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{code}}{Commonly used code of a microorganism}
#' \item{\code{mo}}{ID of the microorganism in the \code{\link{microorganisms}} data set}
#' }
#' @inheritSection catalogue_of_life Catalogue of Life
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @seealso \code{\link{as.mo}} \code{\link{microorganisms}}
"microorganisms.codes"
#' Data set with 2,000 blood culture isolates
#'
#' An anonymised data set containing 2,000 microbial blood culture isolates with their full antibiograms found 4 different hospitals in the Netherlands, between 2001 and 2017. This \code{data.frame} can be used to practice AMR analysis. For examples, please read \href{https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/articles/AMR.html}{the tutorial on our website}.
#' @format A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 2,000 observations and 49 variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{date}}{date of receipt at the laboratory}
#' \item{\code{hospital_id}}{ID of the hospital, from A to D}
#' \item{\code{ward_icu}}{logical to determine if ward is an intensive care unit}
#' \item{\code{ward_clinical}}{logical to determine if ward is a regular clinical ward}
#' \item{\code{ward_outpatient}}{logical to determine if ward is an outpatient clinic}
#' \item{\code{age}}{age of the patient}
#' \item{\code{gender}}{gender of the patient}
#' \item{\code{patient_id}}{ID of the patient, first 10 characters of an SHA hash containing irretrievable information}
#' \item{\code{mo}}{ID of microorganism created with \code{\link{as.mo}}, see also \code{\link{microorganisms}}}
#' \item{\code{PEN:RIF}}{40 different antibiotics with class \code{rsi} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}}); these column names occur in \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set and can be translated with \code{\link{ab_name}}}
#' }
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
"example_isolates"
#' Data set with 500 isolates - WHONET example
#'
#' This example data set has the exact same structure as an export file from WHONET. Such files can be used with this package, as this example data set shows. The data itself was based on our \code{\link{example_isolates}} data set.
#' @format A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 500 observations and 53 variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{Identification number}}{ID of the sample}
#' \item{\code{Specimen number}}{ID of the specimen}
#' \item{\code{Organism}}{Name of the microorganism. Before analysis, you should transform this to a valid microbial class, using \code{\link{as.mo}}.}
#' \item{\code{Country}}{Country of origin}
#' \item{\code{Laboratory}}{Name of laboratory}
#' \item{\code{Last name}}{Last name of patient}
#' \item{\code{First name}}{Initial of patient}
#' \item{\code{Sex}}{Gender of patient}
#' \item{\code{Age}}{Age of patient}
#' \item{\code{Age category}}{Age group, can also be looked up using \code{\link{age_groups}}}
#' \item{\code{Date of admission}}{Date of hospital admission}
#' \item{\code{Specimen date}}{Date when specimen was received at laboratory}
#' \item{\code{Specimen type}}{Specimen type or group}
#' \item{\code{Specimen type (Numeric)}}{Translation of \code{"Specimen type"}}
#' \item{\code{Reason}}{Reason of request with Differential Diagnosis}
#' \item{\code{Isolate number}}{ID of isolate}
#' \item{\code{Organism type}}{Type of microorganism, can also be looked up using \code{\link{mo_type}}}
#' \item{\code{Serotype}}{Serotype of microorganism}
#' \item{\code{Beta-lactamase}}{Microorganism produces beta-lactamase?}
#' \item{\code{ESBL}}{Microorganism produces extended spectrum beta-lactamase?}
#' \item{\code{Carbapenemase}}{Microorganism produces carbapenemase?}
#' \item{\code{MRSA screening test}}{Microorganism is possible MRSA?}
#' \item{\code{Inducible clindamycin resistance}}{Clindamycin can be induced?}
#' \item{\code{Comment}}{Other comments}
#' \item{\code{Date of data entry}}{Date this data was entered in WHONET}
#' \item{\code{AMP_ND10:CIP_EE}}{27 different antibiotics. You can lookup the abbreviatons in the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set, or use e.g. \code{\link{ab_name}("AMP")} to get the official name immediately. Before analysis, you should transform this to a valid antibiotic class, using \code{\link{as.rsi}}.}
#' }
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
"WHONET"
#' Data set for RSI interpretation
#'
#' Data set to interpret MIC and disk diffusion to RSI values. Included guidelines are CLSI (2011-2019) and EUCAST (2011-2019). Use \code{\link{as.rsi}} to transform MICs or disks measurements to RSI values.
#' @format A \code{\link{data.frame}} with 11,559 observations and 9 variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{guideline}}{Name of the guideline}
#' \item{\code{mo}}{Microbial ID, see \code{\link{as.mo}}}
#' \item{\code{ab}}{Antibiotic ID, see \code{\link{as.ab}}}
#' \item{\code{ref_tbl}}{Info about where the guideline rule can be found}
#' \item{\code{S_mic}}{Lowest MIC value that leads to "S"}
#' \item{\code{R_mic}}{Highest MIC value that leads to "R"}
#' \item{\code{dose_disk}}{Dose of the used disk diffusion method}
#' \item{\code{S_disk}}{Lowest number of millimeters that leads to "S"}
#' \item{\code{R_disk}}{Highest number of millimeters that leads to "R"}
#' }
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
"rsi_translation"
# transforms data set to data.frame with only ASCII values, to comply with CRAN policies
dataset_UTF8_to_ASCII <- function(df) {
trans <- function(vect) {
iconv(vect, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT")
}
df <- as.data.frame(df, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
for (i in seq_len(NCOL(df))) {
col <- df[, i]
if (is.list(col)) {
for (j in seq_len(length(col))) {
col[[j]] <- trans(col[[j]])
}
df[, i] <- list(col)
} else {
if (is.factor(col)) {
levels(col) <- trans(levels(col))
} else if (is.character(col)) {
col <- trans(col)
} else {
col
}
df[, i] <- col
}
}
df
}
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@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Deprecated functions
#'
#' These functions are so-called '\link{Deprecated}'. They will be removed in a future release. Using the functions will give a warning with the name of the function it has been replaced by (if there is one).
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
#' @name AMR-deprecated
#' @rdname AMR-deprecated
as.atc <- function(x) {
.Deprecated("ab_atc", package = "AMR")
AMR::ab_atc(x)
}
#' @rdname AMR-deprecated
#' @export
p.symbol <- function(...) {
.Deprecated("p_symbol", package = "AMR")
AMR::p_symbol(...)
}
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@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Class 'disk'
#'
#' This transforms a vector to a new class \code{disk}, which is a growth zone size (around an antibiotic disk) in millimeters between 6 and 99.
#' @rdname as.disk
#' @param x vector
#' @param na.rm a logical indicating whether missing values should be removed
#' @details Interpret disk values as RSI values with \code{\link{as.rsi}}. It supports guidelines from EUCAST and CLSI.
#' @return Ordered integer factor with new class \code{disk}
#' @keywords disk
#' @export
#' @seealso \code{\link{as.rsi}}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # interpret disk values
#' as.rsi(x = 12,
#' mo = as.mo("S. pneumoniae"),
#' ab = "AMX",
#' guideline = "EUCAST")
#' as.rsi(x = 12,
#' mo = as.mo("S. pneumoniae"),
#' ab = "AMX",
#' guideline = "CLSI")
as.disk <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
if (is.disk(x)) {
x
} else {
x <- x %>% unlist()
if (na.rm == TRUE) {
x <- x[!is.na(x)]
}
x.bak <- x
na_before <- length(x[is.na(x)])
# force it to be integer
x <- suppressWarnings(as.integer(x))
# disks can never be less than 9 mm (size of a disk) or more than 50 mm
x[x < 6 | x > 99] <- NA_integer_
na_after <- length(x[is.na(x)])
if (na_before != na_after) {
list_missing <- x.bak[is.na(x) & !is.na(x.bak)] %>%
unique() %>%
sort()
list_missing <- paste0('"', list_missing, '"', collapse = ", ")
warning(na_after - na_before, " results truncated (",
round(((na_after - na_before) / length(x)) * 100),
"%) that were invalid disk zones: ",
list_missing, call. = FALSE)
}
class(x) <- c("disk", "integer")
x
}
}
#' @rdname as.disk
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>%
is.disk <- function(x) {
class(x) %>% identical(c("disk", "integer"))
}
#' @exportMethod print.disk
#' @export
#' @noRd
print.disk <- function(x, ...) {
cat("Class 'disk'\n")
print(as.integer(x), quote = FALSE)
}
#' @importFrom pillar type_sum
#' @export
type_sum.disk <- function(x) {
"disk"
}
#' @importFrom pillar pillar_shaft
#' @export
pillar_shaft.disk <- function(x, ...) {
out <- trimws(format(x))
out[is.na(x)] <- pillar::style_na(NA)
pillar::new_pillar_shaft_simple(out, align = "right", min_width = 3)
}
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@@ -1,856 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
# global variables
EUCAST_VERSION_BREAKPOINTS <- "9.0, 2019"
EUCAST_VERSION_EXPERT_RULES <- "3.1, 2016"
#' EUCAST rules
#'
#' Apply susceptibility rules as defined by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST, \url{http://eucast.org}), see \emph{Source}. This includes (1) expert rules, (2) intrinsic resistance and (3) inferred resistance as defined in their breakpoint tables.
#' @param x data with antibiotic columns, like e.g. \code{AMX} and \code{AMC}
#' @param info print progress
#' @param rules a character vector that specifies which rules should be applied - one or more of \code{c("breakpoints", "expert", "other", "all")}
#' @param verbose a logical to turn Verbose mode on and off (default is off). In Verbose mode, the function does not apply rules to the data, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which rows and columns would be effected and in which way.
#' @param ... column name of an antibiotic, see section Antibiotics
#' @inheritParams first_isolate
#' @details
#' \strong{Note:} This function does not translate MIC values to RSI values. Use \code{\link{as.rsi}} for that. \cr
#' \strong{Note:} When ampicillin (AMP, J01CA01) is not available but amoxicillin (AMX, J01CA04) is, the latter will be used for all rules where there is a dependency on ampicillin. These drugs are interchangeable when it comes to expression of antimicrobial resistance.
#'
#' The file containing all EUCAST rules is located here: \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/eucast_rules.tsv}.
#'
#' @section Antibiotics:
#' To define antibiotics column names, leave as it is to determine it automatically with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}} or input a text (case-insensitive), or use \code{NULL} to skip a column (e.g. \code{TIC = NULL} to skip ticarcillin). Manually defined but non-existing columns will be skipped with a warning.
#'
#' The following antibiotics are used for the functions \code{\link{eucast_rules}} and \code{\link{mdro}}. These are shown below in the format '\strong{antimicrobial ID}: name (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc/structure_and_principles/}{ATC code})', sorted by name:
#'
#' \strong{AMK}: amikacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB06}{J01GB06}),
#' \strong{AMX}: amoxicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA04}{J01CA04}),
#' \strong{AMC}: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR02}{J01CR02}),
#' \strong{AMP}: ampicillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA01}{J01CA01}),
#' \strong{AZM}: azithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA10}{J01FA10}),
#' \strong{AZL}: azlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA09}{J01CA09}),
#' \strong{ATM}: aztreonam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DF01}{J01DF01}),
#' \strong{CAP}: capreomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB30}{J04AB30}),
#' \strong{RID}: cefaloridine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB02}{J01DB02}),
#' \strong{CZO}: cefazolin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB04}{J01DB04}),
#' \strong{FEP}: cefepime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DE01}{J01DE01}),
#' \strong{CTX}: cefotaxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD01}{J01DD01}),
#' \strong{FOX}: cefoxitin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC01}{J01DC01}),
#' \strong{CED}: cefradine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DB09}{J01DB09}),
#' \strong{CAZ}: ceftazidime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD02}{J01DD02}),
#' \strong{CRO}: ceftriaxone (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DD04}{J01DD04}),
#' \strong{CXM}: cefuroxime (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DC02}{J01DC02}),
#' \strong{CHL}: chloramphenicol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01BA01}{J01BA01}),
#' \strong{CIP}: ciprofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA02}{J01MA02}),
#' \strong{CLR}: clarithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA09}{J01FA09}),
#' \strong{CLI}: clindamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF01}{J01FF01}),
#' \strong{COL}: colistin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB01}{J01XB01}),
#' \strong{DAP}: daptomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX09}{J01XX09}),
#' \strong{DOX}: doxycycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA02}{J01AA02}),
#' \strong{ETP}: ertapenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH03}{J01DH03}),
#' \strong{ERY}: erythromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA01}{J01FA01}),
#' \strong{ETH}: ethambutol (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK02}{J04AK02}),
#' \strong{FLC}: flucloxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF05}{J01CF05}),
#' \strong{FOS}: fosfomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX01}{J01XX01}),
#' \strong{FUS}: fusidic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XC01}{J01XC01}),
#' \strong{GAT}: gatifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA16}{J01MA16}),
#' \strong{GEN}: gentamicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB03}{J01GB03}),
#' \strong{IPM}: imipenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH51}{J01DH51}),
#' \strong{INH}: isoniazid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AC01}{J04AC01}),
#' \strong{KAN}: kanamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB04}{J01GB04}),
#' \strong{LVX}: levofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA12}{J01MA12}),
#' \strong{LIN}: lincomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FF02}{J01FF02}),
#' \strong{LNZ}: linezolid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX08}{J01XX08}),
#' \strong{MEM}: meropenem (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01DH02}{J01DH02}),
#' \strong{MTR}: metronidazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XD01}{J01XD01}),
#' \strong{MEZ}: mezlocillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA10}{J01CA10}),
#' \strong{MNO}: minocycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA08}{J01AA08}),
#' \strong{MFX}: moxifloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA14}{J01MA14}),
#' \strong{NAL}: nalidixic acid (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MB02}{J01MB02}),
#' \strong{NEO}: neomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB05}{J01GB05}),
#' \strong{NET}: netilmicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB07}{J01GB07}),
#' \strong{NIT}: nitrofurantoin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XE01}{J01XE01}),
#' \strong{NOR}: norfloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA06}{J01MA06}),
#' \strong{NOV}: novobiocin (an ATCvet code: \href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=QJ01XX95}{QJ01XX95}),
#' \strong{OFX}: ofloxacin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01MA01}{J01MA01}),
#' \strong{OXA}: oxacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CF04}{J01CF04}),
#' \strong{PEN}: penicillin G (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CE01}{J01CE01}),
#' \strong{PIP}: piperacillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA12}{J01CA12}),
#' \strong{TZP}: piperacillin/tazobactam (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CR05}{J01CR05}),
#' \strong{PLB}: polymyxin B (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XB02}{J01XB02}),
#' \strong{PRI}: pristinamycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG01}{J01FG01}),
#' \strong{PZA}: pyrazinamide (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AK01}{J04AK01}),
#' \strong{QDA}: quinupristin/dalfopristin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FG02}{J01FG02}),
#' \strong{RIB}: rifabutin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB04}{J04AB04}),
#' \strong{RIF}: rifampicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB02}{J04AB02}),
#' \strong{RIF}: rifampin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB02}{J04AB02}),
#' \strong{RFP}: rifapentine (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J04AB05}{J04AB05}),
#' \strong{RXT}: roxithromycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01FA06}{J01FA06}),
#' \strong{SIS}: sisomicin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB08}{J01GB08}),
#' \strong{TEC}: teicoplanin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA02}{J01XA02}),
#' \strong{TCY}: tetracycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA07}{J01AA07}),
#' \strong{TIC}: ticarcillin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01CA13}{J01CA13}),
#' \strong{TGC}: tigecycline (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01AA12}{J01AA12}),
#' \strong{TOB}: tobramycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01GB01}{J01GB01}),
#' \strong{TMP}: trimethoprim (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EA01}{J01EA01}),
#' \strong{SXT}: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01EE01}{J01EE01}),
#' \strong{VAN}: vancomycin (\href{https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XA01}{J01XA01}).
#' @keywords interpretive eucast reading resistance
#' @rdname eucast_rules
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% select pull mutate_at vars group_by summarise n
#' @importFrom crayon bold bgGreen bgYellow bgRed black green blue italic strip_style white red make_style
#' @importFrom utils menu
#' @return The input of \code{x}, possibly with edited values of antibiotics. Or, if \code{verbose = TRUE}, a \code{data.frame} with all original and new values of the affected bug-drug combinations.
#' @source
#' \itemize{
#' \item{
#' EUCAST Expert Rules. Version 2.0, 2012. \cr
#' Leclercq et al. \strong{EUCAST expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.} \emph{Clin Microbiol Infect.} 2013;19(2):141-60. \cr
#' \url{https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03703.x}
#' }
#' \item{
#' EUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables. Version 3.1, 2016. \cr
#' \url{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}
#' }
#' \item{
#' EUCAST Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0, 2019. \cr
#' \url{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Breakpoint_tables/v_9.0_Breakpoint_Tables.xlsx}
#' }
#' }
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' a <- data.frame(mo = c("Staphylococcus aureus",
#' "Enterococcus faecalis",
#' "Escherichia coli",
#' "Klebsiella pneumoniae",
#' "Pseudomonas aeruginosa"),
#' VAN = "-", # Vancomycin
#' AMX = "-", # Amoxicillin
#' COL = "-", # Colistin
#' CAZ = "-", # Ceftazidime
#' CXM = "-", # Cefuroxime
#' PEN = "S", # Penicillin G
#' FOX = "S", # Cefoxitin
#' stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
#'
#' a
#' # mo VAN AMX COL CAZ CXM PEN FOX
#' # 1 Staphylococcus aureus - - - - - S S
#' # 2 Enterococcus faecalis - - - - - S S
#' # 3 Escherichia coli - - - - - S S
#' # 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae - - - - - S S
#' # 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa - - - - - S S
#'
#'
#' # apply EUCAST rules: 18 results are forced as R or S
#' b <- eucast_rules(a)
#'
#' b
#' # mo VAN AMX COL CAZ CXM PEN FOX
#' # 1 Staphylococcus aureus - S R R S S S
#' # 2 Enterococcus faecalis - - R R R S R
#' # 3 Escherichia coli R - - - - R S
#' # 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae R R - - - R S
#' # 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa R R - - R R R
#'
#'
#' \donttest{
#' # do not apply EUCAST rules, but rather get a data.frame
#' # with 18 rows, containing all details about the transformations:
#' c <- eucast_rules(a, verbose = TRUE)
#' }
eucast_rules <- function(x,
col_mo = NULL,
info = TRUE,
rules = c("breakpoints", "expert", "other", "all"),
verbose = FALSE,
...) {
if (verbose == TRUE & interactive()) {
txt <- paste0("WARNING: In Verbose mode, the eucast_rules() function does not apply rules to the data, but instead returns a data set in logbook form with extensive info about which rows and columns would be effected and in which way.",
"\n\nThis may overwrite your existing data if you use e.g.:",
"\ndata <- eucast_rules(data, verbose = TRUE)\n\nDo you want to continue?")
if ("rstudioapi" %in% rownames(utils::installed.packages())) {
q_continue <- rstudioapi::showQuestion("Using verbose = TRUE with eucast_rules()", txt)
} else {
q_continue <- menu(choices = c("OK", "Cancel"), graphics = TRUE, title = txt)
}
if (q_continue %in% c(FALSE, 2)) {
message("Cancelled, returning original data")
return(x)
}
}
if (!is.data.frame(x)) {
stop("`x` must be a data frame.", call. = FALSE)
}
# try to find columns based on type
# -- mo
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo")
}
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
stop("`col_mo` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
if (!all(rules %in% c("breakpoints", "expert", "other", "all"))) {
stop("`rules` must be one or more of: 'breakpoints', 'expert', 'other', 'all'.")
}
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
stop("`col_mo` must be set")
}
decimal.mark <- getOption("OutDec")
big.mark <- ifelse(decimal.mark != ",", ",", ".")
formatnr <- function(x) {
trimws(format(x, big.mark = big.mark, decimal.mark = decimal.mark))
}
grey <- make_style("grey")
warned <- FALSE
txt_error <- function() {
cat("", bgRed(white(" ERROR ")), "\n\n")
}
txt_warning <- function() {
if (warned == FALSE) {
cat("", bgYellow(black(" WARNING ")))
}
warned <<- TRUE
}
txt_ok <- function(no_added, no_changed) {
if (warned == FALSE) {
if (no_added + no_changed == 0) {
cat(pillar::style_subtle(" (no changes)\n"))
} else {
# opening
cat(grey(" ("))
# additions
if (no_added > 0) {
if (no_added == 1) {
cat(green("1 value added"))
} else {
cat(green(formatnr(no_added), "values added"))
}
}
# separator
if (no_added > 0 & no_changed > 0) {
cat(grey(", "))
}
# changes
if (no_changed > 0) {
if (no_changed == 1) {
cat(blue("1 value changed"))
} else {
cat(blue(formatnr(no_changed), "values changed"))
}
}
# closing
cat(grey(")\n"))
}
warned <<- FALSE
}
}
cols_ab <- get_column_abx(x = x,
soft_dependencies = c("AMC",
"AMK",
"AMX",
"AMP",
"AZM",
"AZL",
"ATM",
"RID",
"FEP",
"CTX",
"FOX",
"CED",
"CAZ",
"CRO",
"CXM",
"CHL",
"CIP",
"CLR",
"CLI",
"FLC",
"COL",
"CZO",
"DAP",
"DOX",
"ETP",
"ERY",
"FOS",
"FUS",
"GEN",
"IPM",
"KAN",
"LVX",
"LIN",
"LNZ",
"MEM",
"MEZ",
"MNO",
"MFX",
"NAL",
"NEO",
"NET",
"NIT",
"NOR",
"NOV",
"OFX",
"OXA",
"PEN",
"PIP",
"TZP",
"PLB",
"PRI",
"QDA",
"RIF",
"RXT",
"SIS",
"TEC",
"TCY",
"TIC",
"TGC",
"TOB",
"TMP",
"SXT",
"VAN"),
hard_dependencies = NULL,
verbose = verbose,
...)
AMC <- cols_ab["AMC"]
AMK <- cols_ab["AMK"]
AMP <- cols_ab["AMP"]
AMX <- cols_ab["AMX"]
ATM <- cols_ab["ATM"]
AZL <- cols_ab["AZL"]
AZM <- cols_ab["AZM"]
CAZ <- cols_ab["CAZ"]
CED <- cols_ab["CED"]
CHL <- cols_ab["CHL"]
CIP <- cols_ab["CIP"]
CLI <- cols_ab["CLI"]
CLR <- cols_ab["CLR"]
COL <- cols_ab["COL"]
CRO <- cols_ab["CRO"]
CTX <- cols_ab["CTX"]
CXM <- cols_ab["CXM"]
CZO <- cols_ab["CZO"]
DAP <- cols_ab["DAP"]
DOX <- cols_ab["DOX"]
ERY <- cols_ab["ERY"]
ETP <- cols_ab["ETP"]
FEP <- cols_ab["FEP"]
FLC <- cols_ab["FLC"]
FOS <- cols_ab["FOS"]
FOX <- cols_ab["FOX"]
FUS <- cols_ab["FUS"]
GEN <- cols_ab["GEN"]
IPM <- cols_ab["IPM"]
KAN <- cols_ab["KAN"]
LIN <- cols_ab["LIN"]
LNZ <- cols_ab["LNZ"]
LVX <- cols_ab["LVX"]
MEM <- cols_ab["MEM"]
MEZ <- cols_ab["MEZ"]
MFX <- cols_ab["MFX"]
MNO <- cols_ab["MNO"]
NAL <- cols_ab["NAL"]
NEO <- cols_ab["NEO"]
NET <- cols_ab["NET"]
NIT <- cols_ab["NIT"]
NOR <- cols_ab["NOR"]
NOV <- cols_ab["NOV"]
OFX <- cols_ab["OFX"]
OXA <- cols_ab["OXA"]
PEN <- cols_ab["PEN"]
PIP <- cols_ab["PIP"]
PLB <- cols_ab["PLB"]
PRI <- cols_ab["PRI"]
QDA <- cols_ab["QDA"]
RID <- cols_ab["RID"]
RIF <- cols_ab["RIF"]
RXT <- cols_ab["RXT"]
SIS <- cols_ab["SIS"]
SXT <- cols_ab["SXT"]
TCY <- cols_ab["TCY"]
TEC <- cols_ab["TEC"]
TGC <- cols_ab["TGC"]
TIC <- cols_ab["TIC"]
TMP <- cols_ab["TMP"]
TOB <- cols_ab["TOB"]
TZP <- cols_ab["TZP"]
VAN <- cols_ab["VAN"]
ab_missing <- function(ab) {
all(ab %in% c(NULL, NA))
}
verbose_info <- data.frame(row = integer(0),
col = character(0),
mo_fullname = character(0),
old = as.rsi(character(0)),
new = as.rsi(character(0)),
rule = character(0),
rule_group = character(0),
rule_name = character(0),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
# helper function for editing the table
edit_rsi <- function(to, rule, rows, cols) {
cols <- unique(cols[!is.na(cols) & !is.null(cols)])
if (length(rows) > 0 & length(cols) > 0) {
before_df <- x_original
tryCatch(
# insert into original table
x_original[rows, cols] <<- to,
warning = function(w) {
if (w$message %like% "invalid factor level") {
x_original <<- x_original %>% mutate_at(vars(cols), ~factor(x = as.character(.), levels = c(to, levels(.))))
x <<- x %>% mutate_at(vars(cols), ~factor(x = as.character(.), levels = c(to, levels(.))))
x_original[rows, cols] <<- to
warning('Value "', to, '" added to the factor levels of column(s) `', paste(cols, collapse = "`, `"), "` because this value was not an existing factor level.\nA better way is to use as.rsi() on beforehand on antimicrobial columns to guarantee the right structure.", call. = FALSE)
txt_warning()
warned <<- FALSE
} else {
warning(w$message, call. = FALSE)
txt_warning()
cat("\n") # txt_warning() does not append a "\n" on itself
}
},
error = function(e) {
txt_error()
stop(paste0("In row(s) ", paste(rows[1:min(length(rows), 10)], collapse = ","),
ifelse(length(rows) > 10, "...", ""),
" while writing value '", to,
"' to column(s) `", paste(cols, collapse = "`, `"),
"`:\n", e$message),
call. = FALSE)
}
)
tryCatch(
x[rows, cols] <<- x_original[rows, cols],
error = function(e) {
stop(paste0("In row(s) ", paste(rows[1:min(length(rows), 10)], collapse = ","),
"... while writing value '", to,
"' to column(s) `", paste(cols, collapse = "`, `"),
"`:\n", e$message), call. = FALSE)
}
)
# before_df might not be a data.frame, but a tibble or data.table instead
old <- as.data.frame(before_df, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)[rows, ]
track_changes <- list(added = 0,
changed = 0)
for (i in seq_len(length(cols))) {
verbose_new <- data.frame(row = rows,
col = cols[i],
mo_fullname = x[rows, "fullname"],
old = as.rsi(as.character(old[, cols[i]]), warn = FALSE),
new = as.rsi(as.character(x[rows, cols[i]])),
rule = strip_style(rule[1]),
rule_group = strip_style(rule[2]),
rule_name = strip_style(rule[3]),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
colnames(verbose_new) <- c("row", "col", "mo_fullname", "old", "new", "rule", "rule_group", "rule_name")
verbose_new <- verbose_new %>% filter(old != new | is.na(old))
# save changes to data set 'verbose_info'
verbose_info <<- rbind(verbose_info, verbose_new)
# count adds and changes
track_changes$added <- track_changes$added + verbose_new %>% filter(is.na(old)) %>% nrow()
track_changes$changed <- track_changes$changed + verbose_new %>% filter(!is.na(old)) %>% nrow()
}
# after the applied changes: return list with counts of added and changed
return(track_changes)
}
# no changes were applied: return number of (new) changes: none.
return(list(added = 0,
changed = 0))
}
# save original table
x_original <- x
# join to microorganisms data set
suppressWarnings(
x <- x %>%
mutate_at(vars(col_mo), as.mo) %>%
left_join_microorganisms(by = col_mo, suffix = c("_oldcols", "")) %>%
mutate(gramstain = mo_gramstain(pull(., col_mo), language = "en"),
genus_species = paste(genus, species)) %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
)
if (info == TRUE) {
cat(paste0(
"\nRules by the ", bold("European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)"),
"\n", blue("http://eucast.org/"), "\n"))
}
# since ampicillin ^= amoxicillin, get the first from the latter (not in original EUCAST table)
if (!ab_missing(AMP) & !ab_missing(AMX)) {
if (verbose == TRUE) {
cat("\n VERBOSE: transforming",
length(which(x[, AMX] == "S" & !x[, AMP] %in% c("S", "I", "R"))),
"empty ampicillin fields to 'S' based on amoxicillin. ")
cat("\n VERBOSE: transforming",
length(which(x[, AMX] == "I" & !x[, AMP] %in% c("S", "I", "R"))),
"empty ampicillin fields to 'I' based on amoxicillin. ")
cat("\n VERBOSE: transforming",
length(which(x[, AMX] == "R" & !x[, AMP] %in% c("S", "I", "R"))),
"empty ampicillin fields to 'R' based on amoxicillin. \n")
}
x[which(x[, AMX] == "S" & !x[, AMP] %in% c("S", "I", "R")), AMP] <- "S"
x[which(x[, AMX] == "I" & !x[, AMP] %in% c("S", "I", "R")), AMP] <- "I"
x[which(x[, AMX] == "R" & !x[, AMP] %in% c("S", "I", "R")), AMP] <- "R"
} else if (ab_missing(AMP) & !ab_missing(AMX)) {
# ampicillin column is missing, but amoxicillin is available
message(blue(paste0("NOTE: Using column `", bold(AMX), "` as input for ampicillin (J01CA01) since many EUCAST rules depend on it.")))
AMP <- AMX
}
# nolint start
# antibiotic classes
aminoglycosides <- c(TOB, GEN, KAN, NEO, NET, SIS)
tetracyclines <- c(DOX, MNO, TCY) # since EUCAST v3.1 tigecycline (TGC) is set apart
polymyxins <- c(PLB, COL)
macrolides <- c(ERY, AZM, RXT, CLR) # since EUCAST v3.1 clinda is set apart
glycopeptides <- c(VAN, TEC)
streptogramins <- c(QDA, PRI) # should officially also be quinupristin/dalfopristin
aminopenicillins <- c(AMP, AMX)
cephalosporins <- c(FEP, CTX, FOX, CED, CAZ, CRO, CXM, CZO)
cephalosporins_without_CAZ <- cephalosporins[cephalosporins != ifelse(is.null(CAZ), "", CAZ)]
carbapenems <- c(ETP, IPM, MEM)
ureidopenicillins <- c(PIP, TZP, AZL, MEZ)
all_betalactams <- c(aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, ureidopenicillins, AMC, OXA, FLC, PEN)
fluoroquinolones <- c(OFX, CIP, NOR, LVX, MFX)
# nolint end
# Help function to get available antibiotic column names ------------------
get_antibiotic_columns <- function(x, df) {
x <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(x, ",", fixed = TRUE)))
y <- character(0)
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
if (is.function(get(x[i]))) {
stop("Column ", x[i], " is also a function. Please create an issue on github.com/msberends/AMR/issues.")
}
y <- c(y, tryCatch(get(x[i]), error = function(e) ""))
}
y[y != "" & y %in% colnames(df)]
}
get_antibiotic_names <- function(x) {
x %>%
strsplit(",") %>%
unlist() %>%
trimws() %>%
sapply(function(x) if (x %in% AMR::antibiotics$ab) ab_name(x, language = NULL, tolower = TRUE) else x) %>%
sort() %>%
paste(collapse = ", ")
}
format_antibiotic_names <- function(ab_names, ab_results) {
ab_names <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(ab_names, ",")))
ab_results <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(ab_results, ",")))
if (length(ab_results) == 1) {
if (length(ab_names) == 1) {
# like FOX S
x <- paste(ab_names, "is")
} else if (length(ab_names) == 2) {
# like PEN,FOX S
x <- paste(paste0(ab_names, collapse = " and "), "are both")
} else {
# like PEN,FOX,GEN S (although dependency on > 2 ABx does not exist at the moment)
x <- paste(paste0(ab_names, collapse = " and "), "are all")
}
return(paste0(x, " '", ab_results, "'"))
} else {
if (length(ab_names) == 2) {
# like PEN,FOX S,R
paste0(ab_names[1], " is '", ab_results[1], "' and ",
ab_names[2], " is '", ab_results[2], "'")
} else {
# like PEN,FOX,GEN S,R,R (although dependency on > 2 ABx does not exist at the moment)
paste0(ab_names[1], " is '", ab_results[1], "' and ",
ab_names[2], " is '", ab_results[2], "' and ",
ab_names[3], " is '", ab_results[3], "'")
}
}
}
eucast_rules_df <- eucast_rules_file # internal data file
no_added <- 0
no_changed <- 0
for (i in seq_len(nrow(eucast_rules_df))) {
rule_previous <- eucast_rules_df[max(1, i - 1), "reference.rule"]
rule_current <- eucast_rules_df[i, "reference.rule"]
rule_next <- eucast_rules_df[min(nrow(eucast_rules_df), i + 1), "reference.rule"]
rule_group_previous <- eucast_rules_df[max(1, i - 1), "reference.rule_group"]
rule_group_current <- eucast_rules_df[i, "reference.rule_group"]
if (is.na(eucast_rules_df[i, 4])) {
rule_text <- paste0("always report as '", eucast_rules_df[i, 7], "': ", get_antibiotic_names(eucast_rules_df[i, 6]))
} else {
rule_text <- paste0("report as '", eucast_rules_df[i, 7], "' when ",
format_antibiotic_names(ab_names = get_antibiotic_names(eucast_rules_df[i, 4]),
ab_results = eucast_rules_df[i, 5]), ": ",
get_antibiotic_names(eucast_rules_df[i, 6]))
}
if (i == 1) {
rule_previous <- ""
rule_group_previous <- ""
}
if (i == nrow(eucast_rules_df)) {
rule_next <- ""
}
# don't apply rules if user doesn't want to apply them
if (rule_group_current %like% "breakpoint" & !any(c("all", "breakpoints") %in% rules)) {
next
}
if (rule_group_current %like% "expert" & !any(c("all", "expert") %in% rules)) {
next
}
if (rule_group_current %like% "other" & !any(c("all", "other") %in% rules)) {
next
}
if (info == TRUE) {
# Print rule (group) ------------------------------------------------------
if (rule_group_current != rule_group_previous) {
# is new rule group, one of Breakpoints, Expert Rules and Other
cat(bold(
case_when(
rule_group_current %like% "breakpoint" ~
paste0("\nEUCAST Clinical Breakpoints (v", EUCAST_VERSION_BREAKPOINTS, ")\n"),
rule_group_current %like% "expert" ~
paste0("\nEUCAST Expert Rules, Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes (v", EUCAST_VERSION_EXPERT_RULES, ")\n"),
TRUE ~
"\nOther rules\n"
)
))
}
# Print rule -------------------------------------------------------------
if (rule_current != rule_previous) {
# is new rule within group, print its name
if (rule_current %in% c(AMR::microorganisms$family,
AMR::microorganisms$fullname)) {
cat(italic(rule_current))
} else {
cat(rule_current)
}
warned <- FALSE
}
}
# Get rule from file ------------------------------------------------------
col_mo_property <- eucast_rules_df[i, 1]
like_is_one_of <- eucast_rules_df[i, 2]
# be sure to comprise all coagulase-negative/-positive Staphylococci when they are mentioned
if (eucast_rules_df[i, 3] %like% "coagulase-") {
suppressWarnings(
all_staph <- AMR::microorganisms %>%
filter(genus == "Staphylococcus") %>%
mutate(CNS_CPS = mo_name(mo, Becker = "all"))
)
if (eucast_rules_df[i, 3] %like% "coagulase-") {
eucast_rules_df[i, 3] <- paste0("^(",
paste0(all_staph %>%
filter(CNS_CPS %like% "coagulase-negative") %>%
pull(fullname),
collapse = "|"),
")$")
} else {
eucast_rules_df[i, 3] <- paste0("^(",
paste0(all_staph %>%
filter(CNS_CPS %like% "coagulase-positive") %>%
pull(fullname),
collapse = "|"),
")$")
}
like_is_one_of <- "like"
}
if (like_is_one_of == "is") {
mo_value <- paste0("^", eucast_rules_df[i, 3], "$")
} else if (like_is_one_of == "one_of") {
# so 'Clostridium, Actinomyces, ...' will turn into '^(Clostridium|Actinomyces|...)$'
mo_value <- paste0("^(",
paste(trimws(unlist(strsplit(eucast_rules_df[i, 3], ",", fixed = TRUE))),
collapse = "|"),
")$")
} else if (like_is_one_of == "like") {
mo_value <- eucast_rules_df[i, 3]
} else {
stop("invalid like_is_one_of", call. = FALSE)
}
source_antibiotics <- eucast_rules_df[i, 4]
source_value <- trimws(unlist(strsplit(eucast_rules_df[i, 5], ",", fixed = TRUE)))
target_antibiotics <- eucast_rules_df[i, 6]
target_value <- eucast_rules_df[i, 7]
if (is.na(source_antibiotics)) {
rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value),
error = function(e) integer(0))
} else {
source_antibiotics <- get_antibiotic_columns(source_antibiotics, x)
if (length(source_value) == 1 & length(source_antibiotics) > 1) {
source_value <- rep(source_value, length(source_antibiotics))
}
if (length(source_antibiotics) == 0) {
rows <- integer(0)
} else if (length(source_antibiotics) == 1) {
rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value
& x[, source_antibiotics[1L]] == source_value[1L]),
error = function(e) integer(0))
} else if (length(source_antibiotics) == 2) {
rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value
& x[, source_antibiotics[1L]] == source_value[1L]
& x[, source_antibiotics[2L]] == source_value[2L]),
error = function(e) integer(0))
} else if (length(source_antibiotics) == 3) {
rows <- tryCatch(which(x[, col_mo_property] %like% mo_value
& x[, source_antibiotics[1L]] == source_value[1L]
& x[, source_antibiotics[2L]] == source_value[2L]
& x[, source_antibiotics[3L]] == source_value[3L]),
error = function(e) integer(0))
} else {
stop("only 3 antibiotics supported for source_antibiotics ", call. = FALSE)
}
}
cols <- get_antibiotic_columns(target_antibiotics, x)
# Apply rule on data ------------------------------------------------------
# this will return the unique number of changes
run_changes <- edit_rsi(to = target_value,
rule = c(rule_text, rule_group_current, rule_current),
rows = rows,
cols = cols)
no_added <- no_added + run_changes$added
no_changed <- no_changed + run_changes$changed
# Print number of new changes ---------------------------------------------
if (info == TRUE & rule_next != rule_current) {
# print only on last one of rules in this group
txt_ok(no_added = no_added, no_changed = no_changed)
# and reset counters
no_added <- 0
no_changed <- 0
}
}
# Print overview ----------------------------------------------------------
if (info == TRUE) {
if (verbose == TRUE) {
wouldve <- "would have "
} else {
wouldve <- ""
}
verbose_info <- verbose_info %>%
arrange(row, rule_group, rule_name, col)
cat(paste0("\n", grey(strrep("-", options()$width - 1)), "\n"))
cat(bold(paste("EUCAST rules", paste0(wouldve, "affected"),
formatnr(n_distinct(verbose_info$row)),
"out of", formatnr(nrow(x_original)),
"rows, making a total of", formatnr(nrow(verbose_info)), "edits\n")))
n_added <- verbose_info %>% filter(is.na(old)) %>% nrow()
n_changed <- verbose_info %>% filter(!is.na(old)) %>% nrow()
# print added values ----
if (n_added == 0) {
colour <- cat # is function
} else {
colour <- green # is function
}
cat(colour(paste0("=> ", wouldve, "added ",
bold(formatnr(verbose_info %>%
filter(is.na(old)) %>%
nrow()), "test results"),
"\n")))
if (n_added > 0) {
verbose_info %>%
filter(is.na(old)) %>%
group_by(new) %>%
summarise(n = n()) %>%
mutate(plural = ifelse(n > 1, "s", ""),
txt = paste0(formatnr(n), " test result", plural, " added as ", new)) %>%
pull(txt) %>%
paste(" -", ., collapse = "\n") %>%
cat()
}
# print changed values ----
if (n_changed == 0) {
colour <- cat # is function
} else {
colour <- blue # is function
}
if (n_added + n_changed > 0) {
cat("\n")
}
cat(colour(paste0("=> ", wouldve, "changed ",
bold(formatnr(verbose_info %>%
filter(!is.na(old)) %>%
nrow()), "test results"),
"\n")))
if (n_changed > 0) {
verbose_info %>%
filter(!is.na(old)) %>%
group_by(old, new) %>%
summarise(n = n()) %>%
mutate(plural = ifelse(n > 1, "s", ""),
txt = paste0(formatnr(n), " test result", plural, " changed from ", old, " to ", new)) %>%
pull(txt) %>%
paste(" -", ., collapse = "\n") %>%
cat()
cat("\n")
}
cat(paste0(grey(strrep("-", options()$width - 1)), "\n"))
if (verbose == FALSE & nrow(verbose_info) > 0) {
cat(paste("\nUse", bold("eucast_rules(..., verbose = TRUE)"), "(on your original data) to get a data.frame with all specified edits instead.\n\n"))
} else if (verbose == TRUE) {
cat(paste0("\nUsed 'Verbose mode' (", bold("verbose = TRUE"), "), which returns a data.frame with all specified edits.\nUse ", bold("verbose = FALSE"), " to apply the rules on your data.\n\n"))
}
}
# Return data set ---------------------------------------------------------
if (verbose == TRUE) {
verbose_info
} else {
x_original
}
}
-47
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@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Extended functions
#'
#' These functions are extensions of functions in other packages.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
#' @name extended-functions
#' @rdname extended-functions
#' @exportMethod scale_type.mo
#' @export
scale_type.mo <- function(x) {
# fix for:
# "Don't know how to automatically pick scale for object of type mo. Defaulting to continuous."
# "Error: Discrete value supplied to continuous scale"
"discrete"
}
#' @rdname extended-functions
#' @exportMethod scale_type.ab
#' @export
scale_type.ab <- function(x) {
# fix for:
# "Don't know how to automatically pick scale for object of type mo. Defaulting to continuous."
# "Error: Discrete value supplied to continuous scale"
"discrete"
}
-324
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@@ -1,324 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Filter isolates on result in antibiotic class
#'
#' Filter isolates on results in specific antibiotic variables based on their class (ATC groups). This makes it easy to get a list of isolates that were tested for e.g. any aminoglycoside.
#' @param x a data set
#' @param ab_class an antimicrobial class, like \code{"carbapenems"}, as can be found in \code{AMR::antibiotics$group}
#' @param result an antibiotic result: S, I or R (or a combination of more of them)
#' @param scope the scope to check which variables to check, can be \code{"any"} (default) or \code{"all"}
#' @param ... parameters passed on to \code{filter_at} from the \code{dplyr} package
#' @details The \code{group} column in \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set will be searched for \code{ab_class} (case-insensitive). If no results are found, the \code{atc_group1} and \code{atc_group2} columns will be searched. Next, \code{x} will be checked for column names with a value in any abbreviations, codes or official names found in the \code{antibiotics} data set.
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @keywords filter fillter_class
#' @importFrom dplyr filter_at %>% select vars any_vars all_vars
#' @importFrom crayon bold blue
#' @export
#' @examples
#' library(dplyr)
#'
#' # filter on isolates that have any result for any aminoglycoside
#' example_isolates %>% filter_aminoglycosides()
#'
#' # this is essentially the same as (but without determination of column names):
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter_at(.vars = vars(c("GEN", "TOB", "AMK", "KAN")),
#' .vars_predicate = any_vars(. %in% c("S", "I", "R")))
#'
#'
#' # filter on isolates that show resistance to ANY aminoglycoside
#' example_isolates %>% filter_aminoglycosides("R")
#'
#' # filter on isolates that show resistance to ALL aminoglycosides
#' example_isolates %>% filter_aminoglycosides("R", "all")
#'
#' # filter on isolates that show resistance to
#' # any aminoglycoside and any fluoroquinolone
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter_aminoglycosides("R") %>%
#' filter_fluoroquinolones("R")
#'
#' # filter on isolates that show resistance to
#' # all aminoglycosides and all fluoroquinolones
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter_aminoglycosides("R", "all") %>%
#' filter_fluoroquinolones("R", "all")
filter_ab_class <- function(x,
ab_class,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
scope <- scope[1L]
if (is.null(result)) {
result <- c("S", "I", "R")
}
# make result = "SI" work too:
result <- unlist(strsplit(result, ""))
if (!all(result %in% c("S", "I", "R"))) {
stop("`result` must be one or more of: S, I, R", call. = FALSE)
}
if (!all(scope %in% c("any", "all"))) {
stop("`scope` must be one of: any, all", call. = FALSE)
}
vars_df <- colnames(x)[tolower(colnames(x)) %in% tolower(ab_class_vars(ab_class))]
ab_group <- find_ab_group(ab_class)
if (length(vars_df) > 0) {
if (length(result) == 1) {
operator <- " is "
} else {
operator <- " is one of "
}
if (scope == "any") {
scope_txt <- " or "
scope_fn <- any_vars
} else {
scope_txt <- " and "
scope_fn <- all_vars
if (length(vars_df) > 1) {
operator <- gsub("is", "are", operator)
}
}
if (length(vars_df) > 1) {
scope <- paste(scope, "of columns ")
} else {
scope <- "column "
}
message(blue(paste0("Filtering on ", ab_group, ": ", scope,
paste(bold(paste0("`", vars_df, "`")), collapse = scope_txt), operator, toString(result))))
x %>%
filter_at(vars(vars_df),
scope_fn(. %in% result),
...)
} else {
warning(paste0("no antibiotics of class ", ab_group, " found, leaving data unchanged"), call. = FALSE)
x
}
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_aminoglycosides <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "aminoglycoside",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_carbapenems <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "carbapenem",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporin",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_1st_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (1st gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_2nd_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (2nd gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_3rd_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_4th_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_5th_cephalosporins <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_fluoroquinolones <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "fluoroquinolone",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_glycopeptides <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "glycopeptide",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_macrolides <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "macrolide",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @rdname filter_ab_class
#' @export
filter_tetracyclines <- function(x,
result = NULL,
scope = "any",
...) {
filter_ab_class(x = x,
ab_class = "tetracycline",
result = result,
scope = scope,
...)
}
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% filter_at vars any_vars select
ab_class_vars <- function(ab_class) {
ab_class <- gsub("[^a-z0-9]+", ".*", ab_class)
ab_vars <- AMR::antibiotics %>%
filter(group %like% ab_class) %>%
select(ab:name, abbreviations, synonyms) %>%
unlist() %>%
as.matrix() %>%
as.character() %>%
paste(collapse = "|") %>%
strsplit("|", fixed = TRUE) %>%
unlist() %>%
unique()
ab_vars <- ab_vars[!ab_vars %in% c(NA, "", "NA") & nchar(ab_vars) > 2]
if (length(ab_vars) == 0) {
# try again, searching atc_group1 and atc_group2 columns
ab_vars <- AMR::antibiotics %>%
filter_at(vars(c("atc_group1", "atc_group2")), any_vars(. %like% ab_class)) %>%
select(ab:name, abbreviations, synonyms) %>%
unlist() %>%
as.matrix() %>%
as.character() %>%
paste(collapse = "|") %>%
strsplit("|", fixed = TRUE) %>%
unlist() %>%
unique()
ab_vars <- ab_vars[!ab_vars %in% c(NA, "", "NA") & nchar(ab_vars) > 2]
}
ab_vars
}
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% filter pull
find_ab_group <- function(ab_class) {
ifelse(ab_class %in% c("aminoglycoside",
"carbapenem",
"cephalosporin",
"fluoroquinolone",
"glycopeptide",
"macrolide",
"tetracycline"),
paste0(ab_class, "s"),
AMR::antibiotics %>%
filter(ab %in% ab_class_vars(ab_class)) %>%
pull(group) %>%
unique() %>%
tolower() %>%
paste(collapse = "/")
)
}
-540
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Determine first (weighted) isolates
#'
#' Determine first (weighted) isolates of all microorganisms of every patient per episode and (if needed) per specimen type.
#' @param x a \code{data.frame} containing isolates.
#' @param col_date column name of the result date (or date that is was received on the lab), defaults to the first column of with a date class
#' @param col_patient_id column name of the unique IDs of the patients, defaults to the first column that starts with 'patient' or 'patid' (case insensitive)
#' @param col_mo column name of the IDs of the microorganisms (see \code{\link{as.mo}}), defaults to the first column of class \code{mo}. Values will be coerced using \code{\link{as.mo}}.
#' @param col_testcode column name of the test codes. Use \code{col_testcode = NULL} to \strong{not} exclude certain test codes (like test codes for screening). In that case \code{testcodes_exclude} will be ignored.
#' @param col_specimen column name of the specimen type or group
#' @param col_icu column name of the logicals (\code{TRUE}/\code{FALSE}) whether a ward or department is an Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
#' @param col_keyantibiotics column name of the key antibiotics to determine first \emph{weighted} isolates, see \code{\link{key_antibiotics}}. Defaults to the first column that starts with 'key' followed by 'ab' or 'antibiotics' (case insensitive). Use \code{col_keyantibiotics = FALSE} to prevent this.
#' @param episode_days episode in days after which a genus/species combination will be determined as 'first isolate' again. The default of 365 days is based on the guideline by CLSI, see Source.
#' @param testcodes_exclude character vector with test codes that should be excluded (case-insensitive)
#' @param icu_exclude logical whether ICU isolates should be excluded (rows with value \code{TRUE} in column \code{col_icu})
#' @param specimen_group value in column \code{col_specimen} to filter on
#' @param type type to determine weighed isolates; can be \code{"keyantibiotics"} or \code{"points"}, see Details
#' @param ignore_I logical to determine whether antibiotic interpretations with \code{"I"} will be ignored when \code{type = "keyantibiotics"}, see Details
#' @param points_threshold points until the comparison of key antibiotics will lead to inclusion of an isolate when \code{type = "points"}, see Details
#' @param info print progress
#' @param include_unknown logical to determine whether 'unknown' microorganisms should be included too, i.e. microbial code \code{"UNKNOWN"}, which defaults to \code{FALSE}. For WHONET users, this means that all records with organism code \code{"con"} (\emph{contamination}) will be excluded at default. Isolates with a microbial ID of \code{NA} will always be excluded as first isolate.
#' @param ... parameters passed on to the \code{first_isolate} function
#' @details \strong{WHY THIS IS SO IMPORTANT} \cr
#' To conduct an analysis of antimicrobial resistance, you should only include the first isolate of every patient per episode \href{https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17304462}{[1]}. If you would not do this, you could easily get an overestimate or underestimate of the resistance of an antibiotic. Imagine that a patient was admitted with an MRSA and that it was found in 5 different blood cultures the following week. The resistance percentage of oxacillin of all \emph{S. aureus} isolates would be overestimated, because you included this MRSA more than once. It would be \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias}{selection bias}.
#'
#' All isolates with a microbial ID of \code{NA} will be excluded as first isolate.
#'
#' The functions \code{filter_first_isolate} and \code{filter_first_weighted_isolate} are helper functions to quickly filter on first isolates. The function \code{filter_first_isolate} is essentially equal to:
#' \preformatted{
#' x \%>\%
#' mutate(only_firsts = first_isolate(x, ...)) \%>\%
#' filter(only_firsts == TRUE) \%>\%
#' select(-only_firsts)
#' }
#' The function \code{filter_first_weighted_isolate} is essentially equal to:
#' \preformatted{
#' x \%>\%
#' mutate(keyab = key_antibiotics(.)) \%>\%
#' mutate(only_weighted_firsts = first_isolate(x,
#' col_keyantibiotics = "keyab", ...)) \%>\%
#' filter(only_weighted_firsts == TRUE) \%>\%
#' select(-only_weighted_firsts)
#' }
#' @section Key antibiotics:
#' There are two ways to determine whether isolates can be included as first \emph{weighted} isolates which will give generally the same results: \cr
#'
#' \strong{1. Using} \code{type = "keyantibiotics"} \strong{and parameter} \code{ignore_I} \cr
#' Any difference from S to R (or vice versa) will (re)select an isolate as a first weighted isolate. With \code{ignore_I = FALSE}, also differences from I to S|R (or vice versa) will lead to this. This is a reliable method and 30-35 times faster than method 2. Read more about this in the \code{\link{key_antibiotics}} function. \cr
#'
#' \strong{2. Using} \code{type = "points"} \strong{and parameter} \code{points_threshold} \cr
#' A difference from I to S|R (or vice versa) means 0.5 points, a difference from S to R (or vice versa) means 1 point. When the sum of points exceeds \code{points_threshold}, which default to \code{2}, an isolate will be (re)selected as a first weighted isolate.
#' @rdname first_isolate
#' @keywords isolate isolates first
#' @seealso \code{\link{key_antibiotics}}
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr arrange_at lag between row_number filter mutate arrange pull ungroup
#' @importFrom crayon blue bold silver
# @importFrom clean percentage
#' @return Logical vector
#' @source Methodology of this function is based on: \strong{M39 Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data, 4th Edition}, 2014, \emph{Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)}. \url{https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/}.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # `example_isolates` is a dataset available in the AMR package.
#' # See ?example_isolates.
#'
#' library(dplyr)
#' # Filter on first isolates:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' mutate(first_isolate = first_isolate(.,
#' col_date = "date",
#' col_patient_id = "patient_id",
#' col_mo = "mo")) %>%
#' filter(first_isolate == TRUE)
#'
#' # Which can be shortened to:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter_first_isolate()
#' # or for first weighted isolates:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' filter_first_weighted_isolate()
#'
#' # Now let's see if first isolates matter:
#' A <- example_isolates %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(count = n_rsi(GEN), # gentamicin availability
#' resistance = portion_IR(GEN)) # gentamicin resistance
#'
#' B <- example_isolates %>%
#' filter_first_weighted_isolate() %>% # the 1st isolate filter
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(count = n_rsi(GEN), # gentamicin availability
#' resistance = portion_IR(GEN)) # gentamicin resistance
#'
#' # Have a look at A and B.
#' # B is more reliable because every isolate is only counted once.
#' # Gentamicin resitance in hospital D appears to be 3.1% higher than
#' # when you (erroneously) would have used all isolates for analysis.
#'
#'
#' ## OTHER EXAMPLES:
#'
#' \dontrun{
#'
#' # set key antibiotics to a new variable
#' x$keyab <- key_antibiotics(x)
#'
#' x$first_isolate <- first_isolate(x)
#'
#' x$first_isolate_weighed <- first_isolate(x, col_keyantibiotics = 'keyab')
#'
#' x$first_blood_isolate <- first_isolate(x, specimen_group = "Blood")
#' }
first_isolate <- function(x,
col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
col_testcode = NULL,
col_specimen = NULL,
col_icu = NULL,
col_keyantibiotics = NULL,
episode_days = 365,
testcodes_exclude = NULL,
icu_exclude = FALSE,
specimen_group = NULL,
type = "keyantibiotics",
ignore_I = TRUE,
points_threshold = 2,
info = TRUE,
include_unknown = FALSE,
...) {
if (!is.data.frame(x)) {
stop("`x` must be a data.frame.", call. = FALSE)
}
dots <- unlist(list(...))
if (length(dots) != 0) {
# backwards compatibility with old parameters
dots.names <- dots %>% names()
if ("filter_specimen" %in% dots.names) {
specimen_group <- dots[which(dots.names == "filter_specimen")]
}
if ("tbl" %in% dots.names) {
x <- dots[which(dots.names == "tbl")]
}
}
# try to find columns based on type
# -- mo
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo")
}
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
stop("`col_mo` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
# -- date
if (is.null(col_date)) {
col_date <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "date")
}
if (is.null(col_date)) {
stop("`col_date` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
# convert to Date (pipes/pull for supporting tibbles too)
dates <- x %>% pull(col_date) %>% as.Date()
dates[is.na(dates)] <- as.Date("1970-01-01")
x[, col_date] <- dates
# -- patient id
if (is.null(col_patient_id)) {
if (all(c("First name", "Last name", "Sex") %in% colnames(x))) {
# WHONET support
x <- x %>% mutate(patient_id = paste(`First name`, `Last name`, Sex))
col_patient_id <- "patient_id"
message(blue(paste0("NOTE: Using combined columns `", bold("First name"), "`, `", bold("Last name"), "` and `", bold("Sex"), "` as input for `col_patient_id`")))
} else {
col_patient_id <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "patient_id")
}
}
if (is.null(col_patient_id)) {
stop("`col_patient_id` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
# -- key antibiotics
if (is.null(col_keyantibiotics)) {
col_keyantibiotics <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "keyantibiotics")
}
if (isFALSE(col_keyantibiotics)) {
col_keyantibiotics <- NULL
}
# -- specimen
if (is.null(col_specimen) & !is.null(specimen_group)) {
col_specimen <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "specimen")
}
if (isFALSE(col_specimen)) {
col_specimen <- NULL
}
# check if columns exist
check_columns_existance <- function(column, tblname = x) {
if (NROW(tblname) <= 1 | NCOL(tblname) <= 1) {
stop("Please check tbl for existance.")
}
if (!is.null(column)) {
if (!(column %in% colnames(tblname))) {
stop("Column `", column, "` not found.")
}
}
}
check_columns_existance(col_date)
check_columns_existance(col_patient_id)
check_columns_existance(col_mo)
check_columns_existance(col_testcode)
check_columns_existance(col_icu)
check_columns_existance(col_keyantibiotics)
# create new dataframe with original row index
x <- x %>%
mutate(newvar_row_index = seq_len(nrow(x)),
newvar_mo = x %>% pull(col_mo) %>% as.mo(),
newvar_genus_species = paste(mo_genus(newvar_mo), mo_species(newvar_mo)),
newvar_date = x %>% pull(col_date),
newvar_patient_id = x %>% pull(col_patient_id))
if (is.null(col_testcode)) {
testcodes_exclude <- NULL
}
# remove testcodes
if (!is.null(testcodes_exclude) & info == TRUE) {
message(blue(paste0("[Criterion] Excluded test codes: ", toString(testcodes_exclude))))
}
if (is.null(col_icu)) {
icu_exclude <- FALSE
} else {
x <- x %>%
mutate(col_icu = x %>% pull(col_icu) %>% as.logical())
}
if (is.null(col_specimen)) {
specimen_group <- NULL
}
# filter on specimen group and keyantibiotics when they are filled in
if (!is.null(specimen_group)) {
check_columns_existance(col_specimen, x)
if (info == TRUE) {
message(blue(paste0("[Criterion] Excluded other than specimen group '", specimen_group, "'")))
}
}
if (!is.null(col_keyantibiotics)) {
x <- x %>% mutate(key_ab = x %>% pull(col_keyantibiotics))
}
if (is.null(testcodes_exclude)) {
testcodes_exclude <- ""
}
# arrange data to the right sorting
if (is.null(specimen_group)) {
# not filtering on specimen
if (icu_exclude == FALSE) {
if (info == TRUE & !is.null(col_icu)) {
message(blue("[Criterion] Included isolates from ICU"))
}
x <- x %>%
arrange(newvar_patient_id,
newvar_genus_species,
newvar_date)
row.start <- 1
row.end <- nrow(x)
} else {
if (info == TRUE) {
message(blue("[Criterion] Excluded isolates from ICU"))
}
x <- x %>%
arrange_at(c(col_icu,
"newvar_patient_id",
"newvar_genus_species",
"newvar_date"))
suppressWarnings(
row.start <- which(x %>% pull(col_icu) == FALSE) %>% min(na.rm = TRUE)
)
suppressWarnings(
row.end <- which(x %>% pull(col_icu) == FALSE) %>% max(na.rm = TRUE)
)
}
} else {
# filtering on specimen and only analyse these row to save time
if (icu_exclude == FALSE) {
if (info == TRUE & !is.null(col_icu)) {
message(blue("[Criterion] Included isolates from ICU.\n"))
}
x <- x %>%
arrange_at(c(col_specimen,
"newvar_patient_id",
"newvar_genus_species",
"newvar_date"))
suppressWarnings(
row.start <- which(x %>% pull(col_specimen) == specimen_group) %>% min(na.rm = TRUE)
)
suppressWarnings(
row.end <- which(x %>% pull(col_specimen) == specimen_group) %>% max(na.rm = TRUE)
)
} else {
if (info == TRUE) {
message(blue("[Criterion] Excluded isolates from ICU"))
}
x <- x %>%
arrange_at(c(col_icu,
col_specimen,
"newvar_patient_id",
"newvar_genus_species",
"newvar_date"))
suppressWarnings(
row.start <- min(which(x %>% pull(col_specimen) == specimen_group
& x %>% pull(col_icu) == FALSE),
na.rm = TRUE)
)
suppressWarnings(
row.end <- max(which(x %>% pull(col_specimen) == specimen_group &
x %>% pull(col_icu) == FALSE),
na.rm = TRUE)
)
}
}
# no isolates found
if (abs(row.start) == Inf | abs(row.end) == Inf) {
if (info == TRUE) {
message(paste("=> Found", bold("no isolates")))
}
return(rep(FALSE, nrow(x)))
}
# did find some isolates - add new index numbers of rows
x <- x %>% mutate(newvar_row_index_sorted = seq_len(nrow(.)))
scope.size <- row.end - row.start + 1
identify_new_year <- function(x, episode_days) {
# I asked on StackOverflow:
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42122245/filter-one-row-every-year
if (length(x) == 1) {
return(TRUE)
}
indices <- integer(0)
start <- x[1]
ind <- 1
indices[ind] <- ind
for (i in 2:length(x)) {
if (isTRUE(as.numeric(x[i] - start) >= episode_days)) {
ind <- ind + 1
indices[ind] <- i
start <- x[i]
}
}
result <- rep(FALSE, length(x))
result[indices] <- TRUE
return(result)
}
# Analysis of first isolate ----
all_first <- x %>%
mutate(other_pat_or_mo = if_else(newvar_patient_id == lag(newvar_patient_id)
& newvar_genus_species == lag(newvar_genus_species),
FALSE,
TRUE)) %>%
group_by(newvar_patient_id,
newvar_genus_species) %>%
mutate(more_than_episode_ago = identify_new_year(x = newvar_date,
episode_days = episode_days)) %>%
ungroup()
weighted.notice <- ""
if (!is.null(col_keyantibiotics)) {
weighted.notice <- "weighted "
if (info == TRUE) {
if (type == "keyantibiotics") {
message(blue(paste0("[Criterion] Inclusion based on key antibiotics, ",
ifelse(ignore_I == FALSE, "not ", ""),
"ignoring I")))
}
if (type == "points") {
message(blue(paste0("[Criterion] Inclusion based on key antibiotics, using points threshold of "
, points_threshold)))
}
}
type_param <- type
all_first <- all_first %>%
mutate(key_ab_lag = lag(key_ab)) %>%
mutate(key_ab_other = !key_antibiotics_equal(y = key_ab,
z = key_ab_lag,
type = type_param,
ignore_I = ignore_I,
points_threshold = points_threshold,
info = info)) %>%
mutate(
real_first_isolate =
if_else(
newvar_row_index_sorted %>% between(row.start, row.end)
& newvar_genus_species != ""
& (other_pat_or_mo | more_than_episode_ago | key_ab_other),
TRUE,
FALSE))
} else {
# no key antibiotics
all_first <- all_first %>%
mutate(
real_first_isolate =
if_else(
newvar_row_index_sorted %>% between(row.start, row.end)
& newvar_genus_species != ""
& (other_pat_or_mo | more_than_episode_ago),
TRUE,
FALSE))
}
# first one as TRUE
all_first[row.start, "real_first_isolate"] <- TRUE
# no tests that should be included, or ICU
if (!is.null(col_testcode)) {
all_first[which(all_first[, col_testcode] %in% tolower(testcodes_exclude)), "real_first_isolate"] <- FALSE
}
if (icu_exclude == TRUE) {
all_first[which(all_first[, col_icu] == TRUE), "real_first_isolate"] <- FALSE
}
decimal.mark <- getOption("OutDec")
big.mark <- ifelse(decimal.mark != ",", ",", ".")
# handle empty microorganisms
if (any(all_first$newvar_mo == "UNKNOWN", na.rm = TRUE) & info == TRUE) {
message(blue(paste0("NOTE: ", ifelse(include_unknown == TRUE, "Included ", "Excluded "),
format(sum(all_first$newvar_mo == "UNKNOWN"),
decimal.mark = decimal.mark, big.mark = big.mark),
" isolates with a microbial ID 'UNKNOWN' (column `", bold(col_mo), "`)")))
}
all_first[which(all_first$newvar_mo == "UNKNOWN"), "real_first_isolate"] <- include_unknown
# exclude all NAs
if (any(is.na(all_first$newvar_mo)) & info == TRUE) {
message(blue(paste0("NOTE: Excluded ", format(sum(is.na(all_first$newvar_mo)),
decimal.mark = decimal.mark, big.mark = big.mark),
" isolates with a microbial ID 'NA' (column `", bold(col_mo), "`)")))
}
all_first[which(is.na(all_first$newvar_mo)), "real_first_isolate"] <- FALSE
# arrange back according to original sorting again
all_first <- all_first %>%
arrange(newvar_row_index) %>%
pull(real_first_isolate)
if (info == TRUE) {
n_found <- base::sum(all_first, na.rm = TRUE)
p_found_total <- percentage(n_found / nrow(x))
p_found_scope <- percentage(n_found / scope.size)
# mark up number of found
n_found <- base::format(n_found, big.mark = big.mark, decimal.mark = decimal.mark)
if (p_found_total != p_found_scope) {
msg_txt <- paste0("=> Found ",
bold(paste0(n_found, " first ", weighted.notice, "isolates")),
" (", p_found_scope, " within scope and ", p_found_total, " of total)")
} else {
msg_txt <- paste0("=> Found ",
bold(paste0(n_found, " first ", weighted.notice, "isolates")),
" (", p_found_total, " of total)")
}
base::message(msg_txt)
}
all_first
}
#' @rdname first_isolate
#' @importFrom dplyr filter
#' @export
filter_first_isolate <- function(x,
col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
...) {
filter(x, first_isolate(x = x,
col_date = col_date,
col_patient_id = col_patient_id,
col_mo = col_mo,
...))
}
#' @rdname first_isolate
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% mutate filter
#' @export
filter_first_weighted_isolate <- function(x,
col_date = NULL,
col_patient_id = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
col_keyantibiotics = NULL,
...) {
tbl_keyab <- x %>%
mutate(keyab = suppressMessages(key_antibiotics(.,
col_mo = col_mo,
...))) %>%
mutate(firsts = first_isolate(.,
col_date = col_date,
col_patient_id = col_patient_id,
col_mo = col_mo,
col_keyantibiotics = "keyab",
...))
x[which(tbl_keyab$firsts == TRUE), ]
}
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@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' @importFrom clean freq
#' @export
clean::freq
#' @exportMethod freq.mo
#' @importFrom dplyr n_distinct
#' @importFrom clean freq.default
# @importFrom clean percentage
#' @export
#' @noRd
freq.mo <- function(x, ...) {
x_noNA <- as.mo(x[!is.na(x)]) # as.mo() to get the newest mo codes
grams <- mo_gramstain(x_noNA, language = NULL)
digits <- list(...)$digits
if (is.null(digits)) {
digits <- 2
}
freq.default(x = x, ...,
.add_header = list(`Gram-negative` = paste0(format(sum(grams == "Gram-negative", na.rm = TRUE),
big.mark = ",",
decimal.mark = "."),
" (", percentage(sum(grams == "Gram-negative", na.rm = TRUE) / length(grams), digits = digits),
")"),
`Gram-positive` = paste0(format(sum(grams == "Gram-positive", na.rm = TRUE),
big.mark = ",",
decimal.mark = "."),
" (", percentage(sum(grams == "Gram-positive", na.rm = TRUE) / length(grams), digits = digits),
")"),
`Nr of genera` = n_distinct(mo_genus(x_noNA, language = NULL)),
`Nr of species` = n_distinct(paste(mo_genus(x_noNA, language = NULL),
mo_species(x_noNA, language = NULL)))))
}
#' @exportMethod freq.rsi
#' @importFrom clean freq.default
#' @export
#' @noRd
freq.rsi <- function(x, ...) {
x_name <- deparse(substitute(x))
x_name <- gsub(".*[$]", "", x_name)
ab <- suppressMessages(suppressWarnings(AMR::as.ab(x_name)))
if (!is.na(ab)) {
freq.default(x = x, ...,
.add_header = list(Drug = paste0(ab_name(ab), " (", ab, ", ", ab_atc(ab), ")"),
group = ab_group(ab),
`%SI` = AMR::portion_SI(x, minimum = 0, as_percent = TRUE)))
} else {
freq.default(x = x, ...,
.add_header = list(`%SI` = AMR::portion_SI(x, minimum = 0, as_percent = TRUE)))
}
}
-203
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@@ -1,203 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' \emph{G}-test for Count Data
#'
#' \code{g.test} performs chi-squared contingency table tests and goodness-of-fit tests, just like \code{\link{chisq.test}} but is more reliable [1]. A \emph{G}-test can be used to see whether the number of observations in each category fits a theoretical expectation (called a \strong{\emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit}), or to see whether the proportions of one variable are different for different values of the other variable (called a \strong{\emph{G}-test of independence}).
#' @inherit stats::chisq.test params return
#' @details If \code{x} is a matrix with one row or column, or if \code{x} is a vector and \code{y} is not given, then a \emph{goodness-of-fit test} is performed (\code{x} is treated as a one-dimensional contingency table). The entries of \code{x} must be non-negative integers. In this case, the hypothesis tested is whether the population probabilities equal those in \code{p}, or are all equal if \code{p} is not given.
#'
#' If \code{x} is a matrix with at least two rows and columns, it is taken as a two-dimensional contingency table: the entries of \code{x} must be non-negative integers. Otherwise, \code{x} and \code{y} must be vectors or factors of the same length; cases with missing values are removed, the objects are coerced to factors, and the contingency table is computed from these. Then Pearson's chi-squared test is performed of the null hypothesis that the joint distribution of the cell counts in a 2-dimensional contingency table is the product of the row and column marginals.
#'
#' The p-value is computed from the asymptotic chi-squared distribution of the test statistic.
#'
#' In the contingency table case simulation is done by random sampling from the set of all contingency tables with given marginals, and works only if the marginals are strictly positive. Note that this is not the usual sampling situation assumed for a chi-squared test (like the \emph{G}-test) but rather that for Fisher's exact test.
#'
#' In the goodness-of-fit case simulation is done by random sampling from the discrete distribution specified by \code{p}, each sample being of size \code{n = sum(x)}. This simulation is done in \R and may be slow.
#' @section \emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit (likelihood ratio test):
#' Use the \emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit when you have one nominal variable with two or more values (such as male and female, or red, pink and white flowers). You compare the observed counts of numbers of observations in each category with the expected counts, which you calculate using some kind of theoretical expectation (such as a 1:1 sex ratio or a 1:2:1 ratio in a genetic cross).
#'
#' If the expected number of observations in any category is too small, the \emph{G}-test may give inaccurate results, and you should use an exact test instead (\code{\link{fisher.test}}).
#'
#' The \emph{G}-test of goodness-of-fit is an alternative to the chi-square test of goodness-of-fit (\code{\link{chisq.test}}); each of these tests has some advantages and some disadvantages, and the results of the two tests are usually very similar.
#'
#' @section \emph{G}-test of independence:
#' Use the \emph{G}-test of independence when you have two nominal variables, each with two or more possible values. You want to know whether the proportions for one variable are different among values of the other variable.
#'
#' It is also possible to do a \emph{G}-test of independence with more than two nominal variables. For example, Jackson et al. (2013) also had data for children under 3, so you could do an analysis of old vs. young, thigh vs. arm, and reaction vs. no reaction, all analyzed together.
#'
#' Fisher's exact test (\code{\link{fisher.test}}) is an \strong{exact} test, where the \emph{G}-test is still only an \strong{approximation}. For any 2x2 table, Fisher's Exact test may be slower but will still run in seconds, even if the sum of your observations is multiple millions.
#'
#' The \emph{G}-test of independence is an alternative to the chi-square test of independence (\code{\link{chisq.test}}), and they will give approximately the same results.
#' @section How the test works:
#' Unlike the exact test of goodness-of-fit (\code{\link{fisher.test}}), the \emph{G}-test does not directly calculate the probability of obtaining the observed results or something more extreme. Instead, like almost all statistical tests, the \emph{G}-test has an intermediate step; it uses the data to calculate a test statistic that measures how far the observed data are from the null expectation. You then use a mathematical relationship, in this case the chi-square distribution, to estimate the probability of obtaining that value of the test statistic.
#'
#' The \emph{G}-test uses the log of the ratio of two likelihoods as the test statistic, which is why it is also called a likelihood ratio test or log-likelihood ratio test. The formula to calculate a \emph{G}-statistic is:
#'
#' \code{G <- 2 * sum(x * log(x / E))}
#'
#' where \code{E} are the expected values. Since this is chi-square distributed, the p value can be calculated with:
#'
#' \code{p <- stats::pchisq(G, df, lower.tail = FALSE)}
#'
#' where \code{df} are the degrees of freedom.
#'
#' If there are more than two categories and you want to find out which ones are significantly different from their null expectation, you can use the same method of testing each category vs. the sum of all categories, with the Bonferroni correction. You use \emph{G}-tests for each category, of course.
#' @keywords chi
#' @seealso \code{\link{chisq.test}}
#' @references [1] McDonald, J.H. 2014. \strong{Handbook of Biological Statistics (3rd ed.)}. Sparky House Publishing, Baltimore, Maryland. \url{http://www.biostathandbook.com/gtestgof.html}.
#' @source This code is almost identical to \code{\link{chisq.test}}, except that:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{The calculation of the statistic was changed to \code{2 * sum(x * log(x / E))}}
#' \item{Yates' continuity correction was removed as it does not apply to a \emph{G}-test}
#' \item{The possibility to simulate p values with \code{simulate.p.value} was removed}
#' }
#' @export
#' @importFrom stats pchisq complete.cases
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # = EXAMPLE 1 =
#' # Shivrain et al. (2006) crossed clearfield rice (which are resistant
#' # to the herbicide imazethapyr) with red rice (which are susceptible to
#' # imazethapyr). They then crossed the hybrid offspring and examined the
#' # F2 generation, where they found 772 resistant plants, 1611 moderately
#' # resistant plants, and 737 susceptible plants. If resistance is controlled
#' # by a single gene with two co-dominant alleles, you would expect a 1:2:1
#' # ratio.
#'
#' x <- c(772, 1611, 737)
#' G <- g.test(x, p = c(1, 2, 1) / 4)
#' # G$p.value = 0.12574.
#'
#' # There is no significant difference from a 1:2:1 ratio.
#' # Meaning: resistance controlled by a single gene with two co-dominant
#' # alleles, is plausible.
#'
#'
#' # = EXAMPLE 2 =
#' # Red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) have the tip of the upper bill either
#' # right or left of the lower bill, which helps them extract seeds from pine
#' # cones. Some have hypothesized that frequency-dependent selection would
#' # keep the number of right and left-billed birds at a 1:1 ratio. Groth (1992)
#' # observed 1752 right-billed and 1895 left-billed crossbills.
#'
#' x <- c(1752, 1895)
#' g.test(x)
#' # p = 0.01787343
#'
#' # There is a significant difference from a 1:1 ratio.
#' # Meaning: there are significantly more left-billed birds.
#'
g.test <- function(x,
y = NULL,
# correct = TRUE,
p = rep(1 / length(x), length(x)),
rescale.p = FALSE) {
DNAME <- deparse(substitute(x))
if (is.data.frame(x))
x <- as.matrix(x)
if (is.matrix(x)) {
if (min(dim(x)) == 1L)
x <- as.vector(x)
}
if (!is.matrix(x) && !is.null(y)) {
if (length(x) != length(y))
stop("'x' and 'y' must have the same length")
DNAME2 <- deparse(substitute(y))
xname <- if (length(DNAME) > 1L || nchar(DNAME, "w") >
30)
""
else DNAME
yname <- if (length(DNAME2) > 1L || nchar(DNAME2, "w") >
30)
""
else DNAME2
OK <- complete.cases(x, y)
x <- factor(x[OK])
y <- factor(y[OK])
if ((nlevels(x) < 2L) || (nlevels(y) < 2L))
stop("'x' and 'y' must have at least 2 levels")
x <- table(x, y)
names(dimnames(x)) <- c(xname, yname)
DNAME <- paste(paste(DNAME, collapse = "\n"), "and",
paste(DNAME2, collapse = "\n"))
}
if (any(x < 0) || anyNA(x))
stop("all entries of 'x' must be nonnegative and finite")
if ((n <- sum(x)) == 0)
stop("at least one entry of 'x' must be positive")
if (is.matrix(x)) {
METHOD <- "G-test of independence"
nr <- as.integer(nrow(x))
nc <- as.integer(ncol(x))
if (is.na(nr) || is.na(nc) || is.na(nr * nc))
stop("invalid nrow(x) or ncol(x)", domain = NA)
# add fisher.test suggestion
if (nr == 2 && nc == 2)
warning("`fisher.test()` is always more reliable for 2x2 tables and although much slower, often only takes seconds.")
sr <- rowSums(x)
sc <- colSums(x)
E <- outer(sr, sc, "*") / n
v <- function(r, c, n) c * r * (n - r) * (n - c) / n ^ 3
V <- outer(sr, sc, v, n)
dimnames(E) <- dimnames(x)
STATISTIC <- 2 * sum(x * log(x / E)) # sum((abs(x - E) - YATES)^2/E) for chisq.test
PARAMETER <- (nr - 1L) * (nc - 1L)
PVAL <- pchisq(STATISTIC, PARAMETER, lower.tail = FALSE)
}
else {
if (length(dim(x)) > 2L)
stop("invalid 'x'")
if (length(x) == 1L)
stop("'x' must at least have 2 elements")
if (length(x) != length(p))
stop("'x' and 'p' must have the same number of elements")
if (any(p < 0))
stop("probabilities must be non-negative.")
if (abs(sum(p) - 1) > sqrt(.Machine$double.eps)) {
if (rescale.p)
p <- p / sum(p)
else stop("probabilities must sum to 1.")
}
METHOD <- "G-test of goodness-of-fit (likelihood ratio test)"
E <- n * p
V <- n * p * (1 - p)
STATISTIC <- 2 * sum(x * log(x / E)) # sum((x - E)^2/E) for chisq.test
names(E) <- names(x)
PARAMETER <- length(x) - 1
PVAL <- pchisq(STATISTIC, PARAMETER, lower.tail = FALSE)
}
names(STATISTIC) <- "X-squared"
names(PARAMETER) <- "df"
if (any(E < 5) && is.finite(PARAMETER))
warning("G-statistic approximation may be incorrect due to E < 5")
structure(list(statistic = STATISTIC, parameter = PARAMETER,
p.value = PVAL, method = METHOD, data.name = DNAME,
observed = x, expected = E, residuals = (x - E) / sqrt(E),
stdres = (x - E) / sqrt(V)), class = "htest")
}
-424
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@@ -1,424 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' AMR plots with \code{ggplot2}
#'
#' Use these functions to create bar plots for antimicrobial resistance analysis. All functions rely on internal \code{\link[ggplot2]{ggplot}2} functions.
#' @param data a \code{data.frame} with column(s) of class \code{"rsi"} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}})
#' @param position position adjustment of bars, either \code{"fill"} (default when \code{fun} is \code{\link{count_df}}), \code{"stack"} (default when \code{fun} is \code{\link{portion_df}}) or \code{"dodge"}
#' @param x variable to show on x axis, either \code{"antibiotic"} (default) or \code{"interpretation"} or a grouping variable
#' @param fill variable to categorise using the plots legend, either \code{"antibiotic"} (default) or \code{"interpretation"} or a grouping variable
#' @param breaks numeric vector of positions
#' @param limits numeric vector of length two providing limits of the scale, use \code{NA} to refer to the existing minimum or maximum
#' @param facet variable to split plots by, either \code{"interpretation"} (default) or \code{"antibiotic"} or a grouping variable
#' @inheritParams portion
#' @param nrow (when using \code{facet}) number of rows
#' @param colours a named vector with colours for the bars. The names must be one or more of: S, SI, I, IR, R or be \code{FALSE} to use default \code{ggplot2} colours.
#' @param datalabels show datalabels using \code{labels_rsi_count}
#' @param datalabels.size size of the datalabels
#' @param datalabels.colour colour of the datalabels
#' @param title text to show as title of the plot
#' @param subtitle text to show as subtitle of the plot
#' @param caption text to show as caption of the plot
#' @param x.title text to show as x axis description
#' @param y.title text to show as y axis description
#' @param ... other parameters passed on to \code{geom_rsi}
#' @details At default, the names of antibiotics will be shown on the plots using \code{\link{ab_name}}. This can be set with the \code{translate_ab} parameter. See \code{\link{count_df}}.
#'
#' \strong{The functions}\cr
#' \code{geom_rsi} will take any variable from the data that has an \code{rsi} class (created with \code{\link{as.rsi}}) using \code{\link{rsi_df}} and will plot bars with the percentage R, I and S. The default behaviour is to have the bars stacked and to have the different antibiotics on the x axis.
#'
#' \code{facet_rsi} creates 2d plots (at default based on S/I/R) using \code{\link[ggplot2]{facet_wrap}}.
#'
#' \code{scale_y_percent} transforms the y axis to a 0 to 100\% range using \code{\link[ggplot2]{scale_continuous}}.
#'
#' \code{scale_rsi_colours} sets colours to the bars: pastel blue for S, pastel turquoise for I and pastel red for R, using \code{\link[ggplot2]{scale_brewer}}.
#'
#' \code{theme_rsi} is a \code{ggplot \link[ggplot2]{theme}} with minimal distraction.
#'
#' \code{labels_rsi_count} print datalabels on the bars with percentage and amount of isolates using \code{\link[ggplot2]{geom_text}}
#'
#' \code{ggplot_rsi} is a wrapper around all above functions that uses data as first input. This makes it possible to use this function after a pipe (\code{\%>\%}). See Examples.
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' library(dplyr)
#' library(ggplot2)
#'
#' # get antimicrobial results for drugs against a UTI:
#' ggplot(example_isolates %>% select(AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP)) +
#' geom_rsi()
#'
#' # prettify the plot using some additional functions:
#' df <- example_isolates %>% select(AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP)
#' ggplot(df) +
#' geom_rsi() +
#' scale_y_percent() +
#' scale_rsi_colours() +
#' labels_rsi_count() +
#' theme_rsi()
#'
#' # or better yet, simplify this using the wrapper function - a single command:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi()
#'
#' # get only portions and no counts:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(datalabels = FALSE)
#'
#' # add other ggplot2 parameters as you like:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(width = 0.5,
#' colour = "black",
#' size = 1,
#' linetype = 2,
#' alpha = 0.25)
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(colours = c(SI = "yellow"))
#'
#' # resistance of ciprofloxacine per age group
#' example_isolates %>%
#' mutate(first_isolate = first_isolate(.)) %>%
#' filter(first_isolate == TRUE,
#' mo == as.mo("E. coli")) %>%
#' # `age_group` is also a function of this package:
#' group_by(age_group = age_groups(age)) %>%
#' select(age_group,
#' CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(x = "age_group")
#' \donttest{
#'
#' # for colourblind mode, use divergent colours from the viridis package:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi() + scale_fill_viridis_d()
#' # a shorter version which also adjusts data label colours:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(colours = FALSE)
#'
#'
#' # it also supports groups (don't forget to use the group var on `x` or `facet`):
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(hospital_id, AMX, NIT, FOS, TMP, CIP) %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' ggplot_rsi(x = "hospital_id",
#' facet = "antibiotic",
#' nrow = 1,
#' title = "AMR of Anti-UTI Drugs Per Hospital",
#' x.title = "Hospital",
#' datalabels = FALSE)
#'
#' # genuine analysis: check 3 most prevalent microorganisms
#' example_isolates %>%
#' # create new bacterial ID's, with all CoNS under the same group (Becker et al.)
#' mutate(mo = as.mo(mo, Becker = TRUE)) %>%
#' # filter on top three bacterial ID's
#' filter(mo %in% top_freq(freq(.$mo), 3)) %>%
#' # filter on first isolates
#' filter_first_isolate() %>%
#' # get short MO names (like "E. coli")
#' mutate(bug = mo_shortname(mo, Becker = TRUE)) %>%
#' # select this short name and some antiseptic drugs
#' select(bug, CXM, GEN, CIP) %>%
#' # group by MO
#' group_by(bug) %>%
#' # plot the thing, putting MOs on the facet
#' ggplot_rsi(x = "antibiotic",
#' facet = "bug",
#' translate_ab = FALSE,
#' nrow = 1,
#' title = "AMR of Top Three Microorganisms In Blood Culture Isolates",
#' subtitle = expression(paste("Only First Isolates, CoNS grouped according to Becker ",
#' italic("et al."), " (2014)")),
#' x.title = "Antibiotic (EARS-Net code)")
#' }
ggplot_rsi <- function(data,
position = NULL,
x = "antibiotic",
fill = "interpretation",
# params = list(),
facet = NULL,
breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1),
limits = NULL,
translate_ab = "name",
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
language = get_locale(),
nrow = NULL,
colours = c(S = "#61a8ff",
SI = "#61a8ff",
I = "#61f7ff",
IR = "#ff6961",
R = "#ff6961"),
datalabels = TRUE,
datalabels.size = 2.5,
datalabels.colour = "gray15",
title = NULL,
subtitle = NULL,
caption = NULL,
x.title = "Antimicrobial",
y.title = "Proportion",
...) {
stopifnot_installed_package("ggplot2")
x <- x[1]
facet <- facet[1]
# we work with aes_string later on
x_deparse <- deparse(substitute(x))
if (x_deparse != "x") {
x <- x_deparse
}
if (x %like% '".*"') {
x <- substr(x, 2, nchar(x) - 1)
}
facet_deparse <- deparse(substitute(facet))
if (facet_deparse != "facet") {
facet <- facet_deparse
}
if (facet %like% '".*"') {
facet <- substr(facet, 2, nchar(facet) - 1)
}
if (facet %in% c("NULL", "")) {
facet <- NULL
}
if (is.null(position)) {
position <- "fill"
}
p <- ggplot2::ggplot(data = data) +
geom_rsi(position = position, x = x, fill = fill, translate_ab = translate_ab,
combine_SI = combine_SI, combine_IR = combine_IR, ...) +
theme_rsi()
if (fill == "interpretation") {
# set RSI colours
if (isFALSE(colours) & missing(datalabels.colour)) {
# set datalabel colour to middle gray
datalabels.colour <- "gray50"
}
p <- p + scale_rsi_colours(colours = colours)
}
if (identical(position, "fill")) {
# portions, so use y scale with percentage
p <- p + scale_y_percent(breaks = breaks, limits = limits)
}
if (datalabels == TRUE) {
p <- p + labels_rsi_count(position = position,
x = x,
translate_ab = translate_ab,
combine_SI = combine_SI,
combine_IR = combine_IR,
datalabels.size = datalabels.size,
datalabels.colour = datalabels.colour)
}
if (!is.null(facet)) {
p <- p + facet_rsi(facet = facet, nrow = nrow)
}
p <- p + ggplot2::labs(title = title,
subtitle = subtitle,
caption = caption,
x = x.title,
y = y.title)
p
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
geom_rsi <- function(position = NULL,
x = c("antibiotic", "interpretation"),
fill = "interpretation",
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
...) {
stopifnot_installed_package("ggplot2")
if (is.data.frame(position)) {
stop("`position` is invalid. Did you accidentally use '%>%' instead of '+'?", call. = FALSE)
}
y <- "value"
if (missing(position) | is.null(position)) {
position <- "fill"
}
if (identical(position, "fill")) {
position <- ggplot2::position_fill(vjust = 0.5, reverse = TRUE)
}
x <- x[1]
# we work with aes_string later on
x_deparse <- deparse(substitute(x))
if (x_deparse != "x") {
x <- x_deparse
}
if (x %like% '".*"') {
x <- substr(x, 2, nchar(x) - 1)
}
if (tolower(x) %in% tolower(c("ab", "abx", "antibiotics"))) {
x <- "antibiotic"
} else if (tolower(x) %in% tolower(c("SIR", "RSI", "interpretations", "result"))) {
x <- "interpretation"
}
ggplot2::layer(geom = "bar", stat = "identity", position = position,
mapping = ggplot2::aes_string(x = x, y = y, fill = fill),
params = list(...), data = function(x) {
AMR::rsi_df(data = x,
translate_ab = translate_ab,
language = language,
combine_SI = combine_SI,
combine_IR = combine_IR)
})
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
facet_rsi <- function(facet = c("interpretation", "antibiotic"), nrow = NULL) {
stopifnot_installed_package("ggplot2")
facet <- facet[1]
# we work with aes_string later on
facet_deparse <- deparse(substitute(facet))
if (facet_deparse != "facet") {
facet <- facet_deparse
}
if (facet %like% '".*"') {
facet <- substr(facet, 2, nchar(facet) - 1)
}
if (tolower(facet) %in% tolower(c("SIR", "RSI", "interpretations", "result"))) {
facet <- "interpretation"
} else if (tolower(facet) %in% tolower(c("ab", "abx", "antibiotics"))) {
facet <- "antibiotic"
}
ggplot2::facet_wrap(facets = facet, scales = "free_x", nrow = nrow)
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
# @importFrom clean percentage
#' @export
scale_y_percent <- function(breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1), limits = NULL) {
stopifnot_installed_package("ggplot2")
if (all(breaks[breaks != 0] > 1)) {
breaks <- breaks / 100
}
ggplot2::scale_y_continuous(breaks = breaks,
labels = percentage(breaks),
limits = limits)
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
scale_rsi_colours <- function(colours = c(S = "#61a8ff",
SI = "#61a8ff",
I = "#61f7ff",
IR = "#ff6961",
R = "#ff6961")) {
stopifnot_installed_package("ggplot2")
# previous colour: palette = "RdYlGn"
# previous colours: values = c("#b22222", "#ae9c20", "#7cfc00")
if (!identical(colours, FALSE)) {
original_cols <- c(S = "#61a8ff",
SI = "#61a8ff",
I = "#61f7ff",
IR = "#ff6961",
R = "#ff6961")
colours <- replace(original_cols, names(colours), colours)
ggplot2::scale_fill_manual(values = colours)
}
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @export
theme_rsi <- function() {
stopifnot_installed_package("ggplot2")
ggplot2::theme_minimal(base_size = 10) +
ggplot2::theme(panel.grid.major.x = ggplot2::element_blank(),
panel.grid.minor = ggplot2::element_blank(),
panel.grid.major.y = ggplot2::element_line(colour = "grey75"),
# center title and subtitle
plot.title = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5),
plot.subtitle = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5))
}
#' @rdname ggplot_rsi
#' @importFrom dplyr mutate %>% group_by_at
# @importFrom clean percentage
#' @export
labels_rsi_count <- function(position = NULL,
x = "antibiotic",
translate_ab = "name",
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
datalabels.size = 3,
datalabels.colour = "gray15") {
stopifnot_installed_package("ggplot2")
if (is.null(position)) {
position <- "fill"
}
if (identical(position, "fill")) {
position <- ggplot2::position_fill(vjust = 0.5, reverse = TRUE)
}
x_name <- x
ggplot2::geom_text(mapping = ggplot2::aes_string(label = "lbl",
x = x,
y = "value"),
position = position,
inherit.aes = FALSE,
size = datalabels.size,
colour = datalabels.colour,
lineheight = 0.75,
data = function(x) {
rsi_df(data = x,
translate_ab = translate_ab,
combine_SI = combine_SI,
combine_IR = combine_IR) %>%
group_by_at(x_name) %>%
mutate(lbl = paste0(percentage(value / sum(value, na.rm = TRUE)),
"\n(n=", isolates, ")"))
})
}
-101
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@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
globalVariables(c(".",
"..property",
"ab",
"ab_txt",
"abbreviations",
"antibiotic",
"CNS_CPS",
"col_id",
"count",
"count.x",
"date_lab",
"diff.percent",
"First name",
"first_isolate_row_index",
"fullname",
"fullname_lower",
"genus",
"gramstain",
"group",
"index",
"input",
"interpretation",
"isolates",
"item",
"key_ab",
"key_ab_lag",
"key_ab_other",
"kingdom",
"kingdom_index",
"lang",
"Last name",
"lookup",
"mdr",
"median",
"microorganisms",
"microorganisms.codes",
"missing_names",
"mo",
"mono_count",
"more_than_episode_ago",
"name",
"new",
"newvar_date",
"newvar_genus_species",
"newvar_mo",
"newvar_patient_id",
"newvar_row_index",
"newvar_row_index_sorted",
"observations",
"observed",
"old",
"old_name",
"other_pat_or_mo",
"package_version",
"patient_id",
"pattern",
"plural",
"prevalence",
"R",
"real_first_isolate",
"ref",
"rule_group",
"rule_name",
"S",
"se_max",
"se_min",
"second",
"Sex",
"species",
"species_id",
"subspecies",
"synonyms",
"total",
"txt",
"uncertainty_level",
"value",
"x",
"xdr",
"y",
"year"))
-221
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@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Guess antibiotic column
#'
#' This tries to find a column name in a data set based on information from the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set. Also supports WHONET abbreviations.
#' @param x a \code{data.frame}
#' @param search_string a text to search \code{x} for, will be checked with \code{\link{as.ab}} if this value is not a column in \code{x}
#' @param verbose a logical to indicate whether additional info should be printed
#' @details You can look for an antibiotic (trade) name or abbreviation and it will search \code{x} and the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set for any column containing a name or code of that antibiotic. \strong{Longer columns names take precendence over shorter column names.}
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% select filter_all any_vars
#' @importFrom crayon blue
#' @return A column name of \code{x}, or \code{NULL} when no result is found.
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' df <- data.frame(amox = "S",
#' tetr = "R")
#'
#' guess_ab_col(df, "amoxicillin")
#' # [1] "amox"
#' guess_ab_col(df, "J01AA07") # ATC code of tetracycline
#' # [1] "tetr"
#'
#' guess_ab_col(df, "J01AA07", verbose = TRUE)
#' # Note: Using column `tetr` as input for "J01AA07".
#' # [1] "tetr"
#'
#' # WHONET codes
#' df <- data.frame(AMP_ND10 = "R",
#' AMC_ED20 = "S")
#' guess_ab_col(df, "ampicillin")
#' # [1] "AMP_ND10"
#' guess_ab_col(df, "J01CR02")
#' # [1] "AMC_ED20"
#' guess_ab_col(df, as.ab("augmentin"))
#' # [1] "AMC_ED20"
#'
#' # Longer names take precendence:
#' df <- data.frame(AMP_ED2 = "S",
#' AMP_ED20 = "S")
#' guess_ab_col(df, "ampicillin")
#' # [1] "AMP_ED20"
guess_ab_col <- function(x = NULL, search_string = NULL, verbose = FALSE) {
if (is.null(x) & is.null(search_string)) {
return(as.name("guess_ab_col"))
}
if (!is.data.frame(x)) {
stop("`x` must be a data.frame")
}
if (length(search_string) > 1) {
warning("argument 'search_string' has length > 1 and only the first element will be used")
search_string <- search_string[1]
}
search_string <- as.character(search_string)
if (search_string %in% colnames(x)) {
ab_result <- search_string
} else {
search_string.ab <- suppressWarnings(as.ab(search_string))
if (search_string.ab %in% colnames(x)) {
ab_result <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) == search_string.ab][1L]
} else if (any(tolower(colnames(x)) %in% tolower(unlist(ab_property(search_string.ab, "abbreviations"))))) {
ab_result <- colnames(x)[tolower(colnames(x)) %in% tolower(unlist(ab_property(search_string.ab, "abbreviations")))][1L]
} else {
# sort colnames on length - longest first
cols <- colnames(x[, x %>% colnames() %>% nchar() %>% order() %>% rev()])
df_trans <- data.frame(cols = cols,
abs = suppressWarnings(as.ab(cols)),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
ab_result <- df_trans[which(df_trans$abs == search_string.ab), "cols"]
ab_result <- ab_result[!is.na(ab_result)][1L]
}
}
if (length(ab_result) == 0) {
if (verbose == TRUE) {
message(paste0("No column found as input for `", search_string,
"` (", ab_name(search_string, language = "en", tolower = TRUE), ")."))
}
return(NULL)
} else {
if (verbose == TRUE) {
message(blue(paste0("NOTE: Using column `", bold(ab_result), "` as input for `", search_string,
"` (", ab_name(search_string, language = "en", tolower = TRUE), ").")))
}
return(ab_result)
}
}
#' @importFrom crayon blue bold
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% mutate arrange pull
get_column_abx <- function(x,
soft_dependencies = NULL,
hard_dependencies = NULL,
verbose = FALSE,
...) {
message(blue("NOTE: Auto-guessing columns suitable for analysis..."))
x <- as.data.frame(x, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
x_bak <- x
# only check columns that are a valid AB code, ATC code, name, abbreviation or synonym,
# or already have the rsi class (as.rsi)
# and that have no more than 50% invalid values
vectr_antibiotics <- unique(toupper(unlist(AMR::antibiotics[, c("ab", "atc", "name", "abbreviations", "synonyms")])))
vectr_antibiotics <- vectr_antibiotics[!is.na(vectr_antibiotics) & nchar(vectr_antibiotics) >= 3]
x_columns <- sapply(colnames(x), function(col, df = x_bak) {
if (toupper(col) %in% vectr_antibiotics |
is.rsi(as.data.frame(df)[, col]) |
is.rsi.eligible(as.data.frame(df)[, col], threshold = 0.5)) {
return(col)
} else {
return(NA_character_)
}
})
x_columns <- x_columns[!is.na(x_columns)]
x <- x[, x_columns, drop = FALSE] # without drop = TRUE, x will become a vector when x_columns is length 1
df_trans <- data.frame(colnames = colnames(x),
abcode = suppressWarnings(as.ab(colnames(x))))
df_trans <- df_trans[!is.na(df_trans$abcode), ]
x <- as.character(df_trans$colnames)
names(x) <- df_trans$abcode
# add from self-defined dots (...):
# such as get_column_abx(example_isolates %>% rename(thisone = AMX), amox = "thisone")
dots <- list(...)
if (length(dots) > 0) {
newnames <- suppressWarnings(as.ab(names(dots)))
if (any(is.na(newnames))) {
warning("Invalid antibiotic reference(s): ", toString(names(dots)[is.na(newnames)]),
call. = FALSE, immediate. = TRUE)
}
# turn all NULLs to NAs
dots <- unlist(lapply(dots, function(x) if (is.null(x)) NA else x))
names(dots) <- newnames
dots <- dots[!is.na(names(dots))]
# merge, but overwrite automatically determined ones by 'dots'
x <- c(x[!x %in% dots & !names(x) %in% names(dots)], dots)
# delete NAs, this will make e.g. eucast_rules(... TMP = NULL) work to prevent TMP from being used
x <- x[!is.na(x)]
}
# sort on name
x <- x[order(names(x), x)]
duplicates <- x[base::duplicated(x)]
x <- x[!names(x) %in% names(duplicates)]
if (verbose == TRUE) {
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
message(blue(paste0("NOTE: Using column `", bold(x[i]), "` as input for `", names(x)[i],
"` (", ab_name(names(x)[i], tolower = TRUE), ").")))
}
} else if (length(duplicates) > 0) {
for (i in seq_len(length(duplicates))) {
warning(red(paste0("Using column `", bold(duplicates[i]), "` as input for `", names(x[which(x == duplicates[i])]),
"` (", ab_name(names(x[names(which(x == duplicates))[i]]), tolower = TRUE),
"), although it was matched for multiple antibiotics or columns.")), call. = FALSE)
}
}
if (!is.null(hard_dependencies)) {
if (!all(hard_dependencies %in% names(x))) {
# missing a hard dependency will return NA and consequently the data will not be analysed
missing <- hard_dependencies[!hard_dependencies %in% names(x)]
generate_warning_abs_missing(missing, any = FALSE)
return(NA)
}
}
if (!is.null(soft_dependencies)) {
if (!all(soft_dependencies %in% names(x))) {
# missing a soft dependency may lower the reliability
missing <- soft_dependencies[!soft_dependencies %in% names(x)]
missing_txt <- data.frame(missing = missing,
missing_names = AMR::ab_name(missing, tolower = TRUE),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
mutate(txt = paste0(bold(missing), " (", missing_names, ")")) %>%
arrange(missing_names) %>%
pull(txt)
message(blue("NOTE: Reliability might be improved if these antimicrobial results would be available too:",
paste(missing_txt, collapse = ", ")))
}
}
x
}
generate_warning_abs_missing <- function(missing, any = FALSE) {
missing <- paste0(missing, " (", ab_name(missing, tolower = TRUE), ")")
if (any == TRUE) {
any_txt <- c(" any of", "is")
} else {
any_txt <- c("", "are")
}
warning(paste0("Introducing NAs since", any_txt[1], " these antimicrobials ", any_txt[2], " required: ",
paste(missing, collapse = ", ")),
immediate. = TRUE,
call. = FALSE)
}
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@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Join a table with \code{microorganisms}
#'
#' Join the dataset \code{\link{microorganisms}} easily to an existing table or character vector.
#' @rdname join
#' @name join
#' @aliases join inner_join
#' @param x existing table to join, or character vector
#' @param by a variable to join by - if left empty will search for a column with class \code{mo} (created with \code{\link{as.mo}}) or will be \code{"mo"} if that column name exists in \code{x}, could otherwise be a column name of \code{x} with values that exist in \code{microorganisms$mo} (like \code{by = "bacteria_id"}), or another column in \code{\link{microorganisms}} (but then it should be named, like \code{by = c("my_genus_species" = "fullname")})
#' @param suffix if there are non-joined duplicate variables in \code{x} and \code{y}, these suffixes will be added to the output to disambiguate them. Should be a character vector of length 2.
#' @param ... other parameters to pass on to \code{dplyr::\link[dplyr]{join}}.
#' @details \strong{Note:} As opposed to the \code{\link[dplyr]{join}} functions of \code{dplyr}, characters vectors are supported and at default existing columns will get a suffix \code{"2"} and the newly joined columns will not get a suffix. See \code{\link[dplyr]{join}} for more information.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
#' @examples
#' left_join_microorganisms(as.mo("K. pneumoniae"))
#' left_join_microorganisms("B_KLBSL_PNE")
#'
#' library(dplyr)
#' example_isolates %>% left_join_microorganisms()
#'
#' df <- data.frame(date = seq(from = as.Date("2018-01-01"),
#' to = as.Date("2018-01-07"),
#' by = 1),
#' bacteria = as.mo(c("S. aureus", "MRSA", "MSSA", "STAAUR",
#' "E. coli", "E. coli", "E. coli")),
#' stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
#' colnames(df)
#' df_joined <- left_join_microorganisms(df, "bacteria")
#' colnames(df_joined)
inner_join_microorganisms <- function(x, by = NULL, suffix = c("2", ""), ...) {
checked <- joins_check_df(x, by)
x <- checked$x
by <- checked$by
join <- suppressWarnings(
dplyr::inner_join(x = x, y = AMR::microorganisms, by = by, suffix = suffix, ...)
)
if (nrow(join) > nrow(x)) {
warning("The newly joined tbl contains ", nrow(join) - nrow(x), " rows more that its original.")
}
join
}
#' @rdname join
#' @export
left_join_microorganisms <- function(x, by = NULL, suffix = c("2", ""), ...) {
checked <- joins_check_df(x, by)
x <- checked$x
by <- checked$by
join <- suppressWarnings(
dplyr::left_join(x = x, y = AMR::microorganisms, by = by, suffix = suffix, ...)
)
if (nrow(join) > nrow(x)) {
warning("The newly joined tbl contains ", nrow(join) - nrow(x), " rows more that its original.")
}
join
}
#' @rdname join
#' @export
right_join_microorganisms <- function(x, by = NULL, suffix = c("2", ""), ...) {
checked <- joins_check_df(x, by)
x <- checked$x
by <- checked$by
join <- suppressWarnings(
dplyr::right_join(x = x, y = AMR::microorganisms, by = by, suffix = suffix, ...)
)
if (nrow(join) > nrow(x)) {
warning("The newly joined tbl contains ", nrow(join) - nrow(x), " rows more that its original.")
}
join
}
#' @rdname join
#' @export
full_join_microorganisms <- function(x, by = NULL, suffix = c("2", ""), ...) {
checked <- joins_check_df(x, by)
x <- checked$x
by <- checked$by
join <- suppressWarnings(
dplyr::full_join(x = x, y = AMR::microorganisms, by = by, suffix = suffix, ...)
)
if (nrow(join) > nrow(x)) {
warning("The newly joined tbl contains ", nrow(join) - nrow(x), " rows more that its original.")
}
join
}
#' @rdname join
#' @export
semi_join_microorganisms <- function(x, by = NULL, ...) {
checked <- joins_check_df(x, by)
x <- checked$x
by <- checked$by
suppressWarnings(
dplyr::semi_join(x = x, y = AMR::microorganisms, by = by, ...)
)
}
#' @rdname join
#' @export
anti_join_microorganisms <- function(x, by = NULL, ...) {
checked <- joins_check_df(x, by)
x <- checked$x
by <- checked$by
suppressWarnings(
dplyr::anti_join(x = x, y = AMR::microorganisms, by = by, ...)
)
}
joins_check_df <- function(x, by) {
if (!any(class(x) %in% c("data.frame", "matrix"))) {
x <- data.frame(mo = as.character(x), stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
if (is.null(by)) {
by <- "mo"
}
}
if (is.null(by)) {
# search for column with class `mo` and return first one found
by <- colnames(x)[lapply(x, is.mo) == TRUE][1]
if (is.na(by)) {
if ("mo" %in% colnames(x)) {
by <- "mo"
} else {
stop("Cannot join - no column found with name or class `mo`.", call. = FALSE)
}
}
message('Joining, by = "', by, '"') # message same as dplyr::join functions
}
if (is.null(names(by))) {
joinby <- colnames(AMR::microorganisms)[1]
names(joinby) <- by
} else {
joinby <- by
}
list(x = x,
by = joinby)
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Key antibiotics for first \emph{weighted} isolates
#'
#' These function can be used to determine first isolates (see \code{\link{first_isolate}}). Using key antibiotics to determine first isolates is more reliable than without key antibiotics. These selected isolates will then be called first \emph{weighted} isolates.
#' @param x table with antibiotics coloms, like \code{AMX} or \code{amox}
#' @param y,z characters to compare
#' @inheritParams first_isolate
#' @param universal_1,universal_2,universal_3,universal_4,universal_5,universal_6 column names of \strong{broad-spectrum} antibiotics, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}}.
#' @param GramPos_1,GramPos_2,GramPos_3,GramPos_4,GramPos_5,GramPos_6 column names of antibiotics for \strong{Gram-positives}, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}}.
#' @param GramNeg_1,GramNeg_2,GramNeg_3,GramNeg_4,GramNeg_5,GramNeg_6 column names of antibiotics for \strong{Gram-negatives}, case-insensitive. At default, the columns containing these antibiotics will be guessed with \code{\link{guess_ab_col}}.
#' @param warnings give warning about missing antibiotic columns, they will anyway be ignored
#' @param ... other parameters passed on to function
#' @details The function \code{key_antibiotics} returns a character vector with 12 antibiotic results for every isolate. These isolates can then be compared using \code{key_antibiotics_equal}, to check if two isolates have generally the same antibiogram. Missing and invalid values are replaced with a dot (\code{"."}). The \code{\link{first_isolate}} function only uses this function on the same microbial species from the same patient. Using this, an MRSA will be included after a susceptible \emph{S. aureus} (MSSA) found within the same episode (see \code{episode} parameter of \code{\link{first_isolate}}). Without key antibiotic comparison it would not.
#'
#' At default, the antibiotics that are used for \strong{Gram-positive bacteria} are: \cr
#' amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (until here is universal), vancomycin, teicoplanin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxacillin, rifampin.
#'
#' At default, the antibiotics that are used for \strong{Gram-negative bacteria} are: \cr
#' amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (until here is universal), gentamicin, tobramycin, colistin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, meropenem.
#'
#'
#' The function \code{key_antibiotics_equal} checks the characters returned by \code{key_antibiotics} for equality, and returns a logical vector.
#' @inheritSection first_isolate Key antibiotics
#' @rdname key_antibiotics
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% mutate if_else pull
#' @importFrom crayon blue bold
#' @seealso \code{\link{first_isolate}}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # `example_isolates` is a dataset available in the AMR package.
#' # See ?example_isolates.
#'
#' library(dplyr)
#' # set key antibiotics to a new variable
#' my_patients <- example_isolates %>%
#' mutate(keyab = key_antibiotics(.)) %>%
#' mutate(
#' # now calculate first isolates
#' first_regular = first_isolate(., col_keyantibiotics = FALSE),
#' # and first WEIGHTED isolates
#' first_weighted = first_isolate(., col_keyantibiotics = "keyab")
#' )
#'
#' # Check the difference, in this data set it results in 7% more isolates:
#' sum(my_patients$first_regular, na.rm = TRUE)
#' sum(my_patients$first_weighted, na.rm = TRUE)
#'
#'
#' # output of the `key_antibiotics` function could be like this:
#' strainA <- "SSSRR.S.R..S"
#' strainB <- "SSSIRSSSRSSS"
#'
#' key_antibiotics_equal(strainA, strainB)
#' # TRUE, because I is ignored (as well as missing values)
#'
#' key_antibiotics_equal(strainA, strainB, ignore_I = FALSE)
#' # FALSE, because I is not ignored and so the 4th value differs
key_antibiotics <- function(x,
col_mo = NULL,
universal_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "amoxicillin"),
universal_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "amoxicillin/clavulanic acid"),
universal_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "cefuroxime"),
universal_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "piperacillin/tazobactam"),
universal_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "ciprofloxacin"),
universal_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole"),
GramPos_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "vancomycin"),
GramPos_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "teicoplanin"),
GramPos_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "tetracycline"),
GramPos_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "erythromycin"),
GramPos_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "oxacillin"),
GramPos_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "rifampin"),
GramNeg_1 = guess_ab_col(x, "gentamicin"),
GramNeg_2 = guess_ab_col(x, "tobramycin"),
GramNeg_3 = guess_ab_col(x, "colistin"),
GramNeg_4 = guess_ab_col(x, "cefotaxime"),
GramNeg_5 = guess_ab_col(x, "ceftazidime"),
GramNeg_6 = guess_ab_col(x, "meropenem"),
warnings = TRUE,
...) {
# try to find columns based on type
# -- mo
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo")
}
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
stop("`col_mo` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
# check columns
col.list <- c(universal_1, universal_2, universal_3, universal_4, universal_5, universal_6,
GramPos_1, GramPos_2, GramPos_3, GramPos_4, GramPos_5, GramPos_6,
GramNeg_1, GramNeg_2, GramNeg_3, GramNeg_4, GramNeg_5, GramNeg_6)
check_available_columns <- function(x, col.list, info = TRUE) {
# check columns
col.list <- col.list[!is.na(col.list) & !is.null(col.list)]
names(col.list) <- col.list
col.list.bak <- col.list
# are they available as upper case or lower case then?
for (i in seq_len(length(col.list))) {
if (is.null(col.list[i]) | isTRUE(is.na(col.list[i]))) {
col.list[i] <- NA
} else if (toupper(col.list[i]) %in% colnames(x)) {
col.list[i] <- toupper(col.list[i])
} else if (tolower(col.list[i]) %in% colnames(x)) {
col.list[i] <- tolower(col.list[i])
} else if (!col.list[i] %in% colnames(x)) {
col.list[i] <- NA
}
}
if (!all(col.list %in% colnames(x))) {
if (info == TRUE) {
warning("Some columns do not exist and will be ignored: ",
col.list.bak[!(col.list %in% colnames(x))] %>% toString(),
".\nTHIS MAY STRONGLY INFLUENCE THE OUTCOME.",
immediate. = TRUE,
call. = FALSE)
}
}
col.list
}
col.list <- check_available_columns(x = x, col.list = col.list, info = warnings)
universal_1 <- col.list[universal_1]
universal_2 <- col.list[universal_2]
universal_3 <- col.list[universal_3]
universal_4 <- col.list[universal_4]
universal_5 <- col.list[universal_5]
universal_6 <- col.list[universal_6]
GramPos_1 <- col.list[GramPos_1]
GramPos_2 <- col.list[GramPos_2]
GramPos_3 <- col.list[GramPos_3]
GramPos_4 <- col.list[GramPos_4]
GramPos_5 <- col.list[GramPos_5]
GramPos_6 <- col.list[GramPos_6]
GramNeg_1 <- col.list[GramNeg_1]
GramNeg_2 <- col.list[GramNeg_2]
GramNeg_3 <- col.list[GramNeg_3]
GramNeg_4 <- col.list[GramNeg_4]
GramNeg_5 <- col.list[GramNeg_5]
GramNeg_6 <- col.list[GramNeg_6]
universal <- c(universal_1, universal_2, universal_3,
universal_4, universal_5, universal_6)
gram_positive <- c(universal,
GramPos_1, GramPos_2, GramPos_3,
GramPos_4, GramPos_5, GramPos_6)
gram_positive <- gram_positive[!is.null(gram_positive)]
gram_positive <- gram_positive[!is.na(gram_positive)]
if (length(gram_positive) < 12) {
warning("only using ", length(gram_positive), " different antibiotics as key antibiotics for Gram-positives. See ?key_antibiotics.", call. = FALSE)
}
gram_negative <- c(universal,
GramNeg_1, GramNeg_2, GramNeg_3,
GramNeg_4, GramNeg_5, GramNeg_6)
gram_negative <- gram_negative[!is.null(gram_negative)]
gram_negative <- gram_negative[!is.na(gram_negative)]
if (length(gram_negative) < 12) {
warning("only using ", length(gram_negative), " different antibiotics as key antibiotics for Gram-negatives. See ?key_antibiotics.", call. = FALSE)
}
# join to microorganisms data set
x <- x %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
mutate_at(vars(col_mo), as.mo) %>%
left_join_microorganisms(by = col_mo) %>%
mutate(key_ab = NA_character_,
gramstain = mo_gramstain(pull(., col_mo), language = NULL))
# Gram +
x <- x %>% mutate(key_ab =
if_else(gramstain == "Gram-positive",
tryCatch(apply(X = x[, gram_positive],
MARGIN = 1,
FUN = function(x) paste(x, collapse = "")),
error = function(e) paste0(rep(".", 12), collapse = "")),
key_ab))
# Gram -
x <- x %>% mutate(key_ab =
if_else(gramstain == "Gram-negative",
tryCatch(apply(X = x[, gram_negative],
MARGIN = 1,
FUN = function(x) paste(x, collapse = "")),
error = function(e) paste0(rep(".", 12), collapse = "")),
key_ab))
# format
key_abs <- x %>%
pull(key_ab) %>%
gsub("(NA|NULL)", ".", .) %>%
gsub("[^SIR]", ".", ., ignore.case = TRUE) %>%
toupper()
if (n_distinct(key_abs) == 1) {
warning("No distinct key antibiotics determined.", call. = FALSE)
}
key_abs
}
#' @importFrom dplyr progress_estimated %>%
#' @rdname key_antibiotics
#' @export
key_antibiotics_equal <- function(y,
z,
type = c("keyantibiotics", "points"),
ignore_I = TRUE,
points_threshold = 2,
info = FALSE) {
# y is active row, z is lag
x <- y
y <- z
type <- type[1]
if (length(x) != length(y)) {
stop("Length of `x` and `y` must be equal.")
}
# only show progress bar on points or when at least 5000 isolates
info_needed <- info == TRUE & (type == "points" | length(x) > 5000)
result <- logical(length(x))
if (info_needed == TRUE) {
p <- dplyr::progress_estimated(length(x))
}
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
if (info_needed == TRUE) {
p$tick()$print()
}
if (is.na(x[i])) {
x[i] <- ""
}
if (is.na(y[i])) {
y[i] <- ""
}
if (x[i] == y[i]) {
result[i] <- TRUE
} else if (nchar(x[i]) != nchar(y[i])) {
result[i] <- FALSE
} else {
x_split <- strsplit(x[i], "")[[1]]
y_split <- strsplit(y[i], "")[[1]]
if (type == "keyantibiotics") {
if (ignore_I == TRUE) {
x_split[x_split == "I"] <- "."
y_split[y_split == "I"] <- "."
}
y_split[x_split == "."] <- "."
x_split[y_split == "."] <- "."
result[i] <- all(x_split == y_split)
} else if (type == "points") {
# count points for every single character:
# - no change is 0 points
# - I <-> S|R is 0.5 point
# - S|R <-> R|S is 1 point
# use the levels of as.rsi (S = 1, I = 2, R = 3)
suppressWarnings(x_split <- x_split %>% as.rsi() %>% as.double())
suppressWarnings(y_split <- y_split %>% as.rsi() %>% as.double())
points <- (x_split - y_split) %>% abs() %>% sum(na.rm = TRUE) / 2
result[i] <- points >= points_threshold
} else {
stop("`", type, '` is not a valid value for type, must be "points" or "keyantibiotics". See ?key_antibiotics')
}
}
}
if (info_needed == TRUE) {
cat("\n")
}
result
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Kurtosis of the sample
#'
#' @description Kurtosis is a measure of the "tailedness" of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable.
#'
#' @param x a vector of values, a \code{matrix} or a \code{data frame}
#' @param na.rm a logical value indicating whether \code{NA} values should be stripped before the computation proceeds.
#' @exportMethod kurtosis
#' @seealso \code{\link{skewness}}
#' @rdname kurtosis
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
kurtosis <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
UseMethod("kurtosis")
}
#' @exportMethod kurtosis.default
#' @rdname kurtosis
#' @export
kurtosis.default <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
x <- as.vector(x)
if (na.rm == TRUE) {
x <- x[!is.na(x)]
}
n <- length(x)
n * base::sum((x - base::mean(x, na.rm = na.rm))^4, na.rm = na.rm) /
(base::sum((x - base::mean(x, na.rm = na.rm))^2, na.rm = na.rm)^2)
}
#' @exportMethod kurtosis.matrix
#' @rdname kurtosis
#' @export
kurtosis.matrix <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
base::apply(x, 2, kurtosis.default, na.rm = na.rm)
}
#' @exportMethod kurtosis.data.frame
#' @rdname kurtosis
#' @export
kurtosis.data.frame <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
base::sapply(x, kurtosis.default, na.rm = na.rm)
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Pattern Matching
#'
#' Convenient wrapper around \code{\link[base]{grep}} to match a pattern: \code{a \%like\% b}. It always returns a \code{logical} vector and is always case-insensitive (use \code{a \%like_case\% b} for case-sensitive matching). Also, \code{pattern} (\code{b}) can be as long as \code{x} (\code{a}) to compare items of each index in both vectors, or can both have the same length to iterate over all cases.
#' @inheritParams base::grepl
#' @return A \code{logical} vector
#' @name like
#' @rdname like
#' @export
#' @details Using RStudio? This function can also be inserted from the Addins menu and can have its own Keyboard Shortcut like Ctrl+Shift+L or Cmd+Shift+L (see Tools > Modify Keyboard Shortcuts...).
#' @source Idea from the \href{https://github.com/Rdatatable/data.table/blob/master/R/like.R}{\code{like} function from the \code{data.table} package}, but made it case insensitive at default and let it support multiple patterns. Also, if the regex fails the first time, it tries again with \code{perl = TRUE}.
#' @seealso \code{\link[base]{grep}}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # simple test
#' a <- "This is a test"
#' b <- "TEST"
#' a %like% b
#' #> TRUE
#' b %like% a
#' #> FALSE
#'
#' # also supports multiple patterns, length must be equal to x
#' a <- c("Test case", "Something different", "Yet another thing")
#' b <- c("case", "diff", "yet")
#' a %like% b
#' #> TRUE TRUE TRUE
#'
#' # get frequencies of bacteria whose name start with 'Ent' or 'ent'
#' library(dplyr)
#' library(clean)
#' example_isolates %>%
#' left_join_microorganisms() %>%
#' filter(genus %like% '^ent') %>%
#' freq(genus, species)
like <- function(x, pattern, ignore.case = TRUE) {
if (length(pattern) > 1) {
if (length(x) != length(pattern)) {
if (length(x) == 1) {
x <- rep(x, length(pattern))
}
# return TRUE for every 'x' that matches any 'pattern', FALSE otherwise
res <- sapply(pattern, function(pttrn) base::grepl(pttrn, x, ignore.case = ignore.case))
res2 <- as.logical(rowSums(res))
# get only first item of every hit in pattern
res2[duplicated(res)] <- FALSE
res2[rowSums(res) == 0] <- NA
return(res2)
} else {
# x and pattern are of same length, so items with each other
res <- vector(length = length(pattern))
for (i in seq_len(length(res))) {
if (is.factor(x[i])) {
res[i] <- as.integer(x[i]) %in% base::grep(pattern[i], levels(x[i]), ignore.case = ignore.case)
} else {
res[i] <- base::grepl(pattern[i], x[i], ignore.case = ignore.case)
}
}
return(res)
}
}
# the regular way how grepl works; just one pattern against one or more x
if (is.factor(x)) {
as.integer(x) %in% base::grep(pattern, levels(x), ignore.case = ignore.case)
} else {
tryCatch(base::grepl(pattern, x, ignore.case = ignore.case),
error = function(e) ifelse(test = grepl("Invalid regexp", e$message),
# try with perl = TRUE:
yes = return(base::grepl(pattern, x, ignore.case = ignore.case, perl = TRUE)),
no = stop(e$message)))
}
}
#' @rdname like
#' @export
"%like%" <- function(x, pattern) {
like(x, pattern, ignore.case = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname like
#' @export
"%like_case%" <- function(x, pattern) {
like(x, pattern, ignore.case = FALSE)
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Determine multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)
#'
#' Determine which isolates are multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) according to (country-specific) guidelines.
#' @param x table with antibiotic columns, like e.g. \code{AMX} and \code{AMC}
#' @param guideline a specific guideline to mention, see Details. EUCAST guidelines will be used when left empty, see Details.
#' @param info print progress
#' @inheritParams eucast_rules
#' @param verbose print additional info: missing antibiotic columns per parameter
#' @inheritSection eucast_rules Antibiotics
#' @details Currently supported guidelines are (case-insensitive):
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\code{guideline = "EUCAST"}: The European international guideline - EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (\href{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}{link})}
#' \item{\code{guideline = "TB"}: The international guideline for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" (\href{https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/}{link})}
#' \item{\code{guideline = "MRGN"}: The German national guideline - Mueller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6}
#' \item{\code{guideline = "BRMO"}: The Dutch national guideline - Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) [ZKH]" (\href{https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH}{link})}
#' }
#'
#' Please suggest your own (country-specific) guidelines by letting us know: \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new}.
#' @return \itemize{
#' \item{TB guideline - function \code{mdr_tb()} or \code{mdro(..., guideline = "TB")}:\cr Ordered factor with levels \code{Negative < Mono-resistant < Poly-resistant < Multi-drug-resistant < Extensive drug-resistant}}
#' \item{German guideline - function \code{mrgn()} or \code{mdro(..., guideline = "MRGN")}:\cr Ordered factor with levels \code{Negative < 3MRGN < 4MRGN}}
#' \item{Everything else:\cr Ordered factor with levels \code{Negative < Positive, unconfirmed < Positive}. The value \code{"Positive, unconfirmed"} means that, according to the guideline, it is not entirely sure if the isolate is multi-drug resistant and this should be confirmed with additional (e.g. molecular) tests}
#' }
#' @rdname mdro
#' @importFrom dplyr %>%
#' @importFrom crayon red blue bold
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @source
#' EUCAST Expert Rules Version 3.1 "Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables" (\href{http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf}{link})
#'
#' World Health Organization "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis" (\href{https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/}{link})
#'
#' Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu "WIP-richtlijn BRMO (Bijzonder Resistente Micro-Organismen) [ZKH]" (\href{https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH}{link})
#' @examples
#' library(dplyr)
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' mutate(EUCAST = mdro(.),
#' BRMO = brmo(.),
#' MRGN = mrgn(.))
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' rename(PIP = TZP) %>% # no piperacillin, so take piperacillin/tazobactam
#' mrgn() %>% # check German guideline
#' freq() # check frequencies
mdro <- function(x,
guideline = NULL,
col_mo = NULL,
info = TRUE,
verbose = FALSE,
...) {
if (!is.data.frame(x)) {
stop("`x` must be a data frame.", call. = FALSE)
}
if (!is.null(list(...)$country)) {
warning("Using `country` is deprecated, use `guideline` instead. Please see ?mdro.", call. = FALSE)
guideline <- list(...)$country
}
if (length(guideline) > 1) {
stop("`guideline` must be a length one character string.", call. = FALSE)
}
if (is.null(guideline)) {
guideline <- "eucast"
}
if (tolower(guideline) == "nl") {
guideline <- "BRMO"
}
if (tolower(guideline) == "de") {
guideline <- "MRGN"
}
if (!tolower(guideline) %in% c("brmo", "mrgn", "eucast", "tb")) {
stop("invalid guideline: ", guideline, call. = FALSE)
}
guideline <- list(code = tolower(guideline))
# try to find columns based on type
# -- mo
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo")
}
if (is.null(col_mo) & guideline$code == "tb") {
message(blue("NOTE: No column found as input for `col_mo`,",
bold("assuming all records contain", italic("Mycobacterium tuberculosis.\n"))))
x$mo <- AMR::as.mo("Mycobacterium tuberculosis")
col_mo <- "mo"
}
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
stop("`col_mo` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
if (guideline$code == "eucast") {
guideline$name <- "EUCAST Expert Rules, \"Intrinsic Resistance and Exceptional Phenotypes Tables\""
guideline$author <- "EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing)"
guideline$version <- "3.1"
guideline$source <- "http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/Expert_Rules/Expert_rules_intrinsic_exceptional_V3.1.pdf"
} else if (guideline$code == "tb") {
guideline$name <- "Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis"
guideline$author <- "WHO (World Health Organization)"
guideline$version <- "WHO/HTM/TB/2014.11"
guideline$source <- "https://www.who.int/tb/publications/pmdt_companionhandbook/en/"
# support per country:
} else if (guideline$code == "mrgn") {
guideline$name <- "Cross-border comparison of the Dutch and German guidelines on multidrug-resistant Gram-negative microorganisms"
guideline$author <- "J. M\u00fcller, A. Voss, R. K\u00f6ck, ..., W.V. Kern, C. Wendt, A.W. Friedrich"
guideline$version <- "N/A"
guideline$source <- "M\u00fcller et al. (2015) Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 4:7. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-015-0047-6"
} else if (guideline$code == "brmo") {
guideline$name <- "WIP-Richtlijn Bijzonder Resistente Micro-organismen (BRMO)"
guideline$author <- "RIVM (Rijksinstituut voor de Volksgezondheid)"
guideline$version <- "Revision as of December 2017"
guideline$source <- "https://www.rivm.nl/Documenten_en_publicaties/Professioneel_Praktisch/Richtlijnen/Infectieziekten/WIP_Richtlijnen/WIP_Richtlijnen/Ziekenhuizen/WIP_richtlijn_BRMO_Bijzonder_Resistente_Micro_Organismen_ZKH"
} else {
stop("This guideline is currently unsupported: ", guideline$code, call. = FALSE)
}
if (info == TRUE) {
cat("Determining multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), according to:\n",
"Guideline: ", red(guideline$name), "\n",
"Version: ", red(guideline$version), "\n",
"Author: ", red(guideline$author), "\n",
"Source: ", blue(guideline$source), "\n",
"\n", sep = "")
}
if (guideline$code == "tb") {
cols_ab <- get_column_abx(x = x,
soft_dependencies = c("CAP",
"ETH",
"GAT",
"INH",
"PZA",
"RIF",
"RIB",
"RFP"),
verbose = verbose, ...)
} else if (guideline$code == "mrgn") {
cols_ab <- get_column_abx(x = x,
soft_dependencies = c("PIP",
"CTX",
"CAZ",
"IPM",
"MEM",
"CIP"),
verbose = verbose, ...)
} else {
cols_ab <- get_column_abx(x = x, verbose = verbose, ...)
}
AMC <- cols_ab["AMC"]
AMK <- cols_ab["AMK"]
AMP <- cols_ab["AMP"]
AMX <- cols_ab["AMX"]
ATM <- cols_ab["ATM"]
AZL <- cols_ab["AZL"]
AZM <- cols_ab["AZM"]
CAZ <- cols_ab["CAZ"]
CED <- cols_ab["CED"]
CHL <- cols_ab["CHL"]
CIP <- cols_ab["CIP"]
CLI <- cols_ab["CLI"]
CLR <- cols_ab["CLR"]
COL <- cols_ab["COL"]
CRO <- cols_ab["CRO"]
CTX <- cols_ab["CTX"]
CXM <- cols_ab["CXM"]
CZO <- cols_ab["CZO"]
DAP <- cols_ab["DAP"]
DOX <- cols_ab["DOX"]
ERY <- cols_ab["ERY"]
ETP <- cols_ab["ETP"]
FEP <- cols_ab["FEP"]
FLC <- cols_ab["FLC"]
FOS <- cols_ab["FOS"]
FOX <- cols_ab["FOX"]
FUS <- cols_ab["FUS"]
GEN <- cols_ab["GEN"]
IPM <- cols_ab["IPM"]
KAN <- cols_ab["KAN"]
LIN <- cols_ab["LIN"]
LNZ <- cols_ab["LNZ"]
LVX <- cols_ab["LVX"]
MEM <- cols_ab["MEM"]
MEZ <- cols_ab["MEZ"]
MTR <- cols_ab["MTR"]
MFX <- cols_ab["MFX"]
MNO <- cols_ab["MNO"]
NAL <- cols_ab["NAL"]
NEO <- cols_ab["NEO"]
NET <- cols_ab["NET"]
NIT <- cols_ab["NIT"]
NOR <- cols_ab["NOR"]
NOV <- cols_ab["NOV"]
OFX <- cols_ab["OFX"]
PEN <- cols_ab["PEN"]
PIP <- cols_ab["PIP"]
PLB <- cols_ab["PLB"]
PRI <- cols_ab["PRI"]
QDA <- cols_ab["QDA"]
RID <- cols_ab["RID"]
RIF <- cols_ab["RIF"]
RXT <- cols_ab["RXT"]
SIS <- cols_ab["SIS"]
SXT <- cols_ab["SXT"]
TCY <- cols_ab["TCY"]
TEC <- cols_ab["TEC"]
TGC <- cols_ab["TGC"]
TIC <- cols_ab["TIC"]
TMP <- cols_ab["TMP"]
TOB <- cols_ab["TOB"]
TZP <- cols_ab["TZP"]
VAN <- cols_ab["VAN"]
# additional for TB
CAP <- cols_ab["CAP"]
ETH <- cols_ab["ETH"]
GAT <- cols_ab["GAT"]
INH <- cols_ab["INH"]
PZA <- cols_ab["PZA"]
RIF <- cols_ab["RIF"]
RIB <- cols_ab["RIB"]
RFP <- cols_ab["RFP"]
abx_tb <- c(CAP, ETH, GAT, INH, PZA, RIF, RIB, RFP)
abx_tb <- abx_tb[!is.na(abx_tb)]
if (guideline$code == "tb" & length(abx_tb) == 0) {
stop("No antimycobacterials found in data set.", call. = FALSE)
}
ab_missing <- function(ab) {
isTRUE(ab %in% c(NULL, NA)) | length(ab) == 0
}
# antibiotic classes
aminoglycosides <- c(TOB, GEN)
cephalosporins <- c(FEP, CTX, FOX, CED, CAZ, CRO, CXM, CZO)
cephalosporins_3rd <- c(CTX, CRO, CAZ)
carbapenems <- c(ETP, IPM, MEM)
fluoroquinolones <- c(OFX, CIP, LVX, MFX)
# helper function for editing the table
trans_tbl <- function(to, rows, cols, any_all) {
cols <- cols[!ab_missing(cols)]
cols <- cols[!is.na(cols)]
if (length(rows) > 0 & length(cols) > 0) {
if (any_all == "any") {
row_filter <- which(x[, cols] == "R")
} else if (any_all == "all") {
row_filter <- x %>%
mutate(index = seq_len(nrow(.))) %>%
filter_at(vars(cols), all_vars(. == "R")) %>%
pull((index))
}
rows <- rows[rows %in% row_filter]
x[rows, "MDRO"] <<- to
}
}
x <- x %>%
mutate_at(vars(col_mo), as.mo) %>%
# join to microorganisms data set
left_join_microorganisms(by = col_mo) %>%
# add unconfirmed to where genus is available
mutate(MDRO = ifelse(!is.na(genus), 1, NA_integer_)) %>%
# transform to data.frame so subsetting is possible with x[y, z] (might not be the case with tibble/data.table/...)
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
if (guideline$code == "eucast") {
# EUCAST ------------------------------------------------------------------
# Table 5
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$family == "Enterobacteriaceae"
| x$fullname %like% "^Pseudomonas aeruginosa"
| x$genus == "Acinetobacter"),
COL,
"all")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Salmonella Typhi"),
c(carbapenems, fluoroquinolones),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Haemophilus influenzae"),
c(cephalosporins_3rd, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Moraxella catarrhalis"),
c(cephalosporins_3rd, fluoroquinolones),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Neisseria meningitidis"),
c(cephalosporins_3rd, fluoroquinolones),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Neisseria gonorrhoeae"),
AZM,
"any")
# Table 6
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^(Coagulase-negative|Staphylococcus (aureus|epidermidis|hominis|haemolyticus|intermedius|pseudointermedius))"),
c(VAN, TEC, DAP, LNZ, QDA, TGC),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$genus == "Corynebacterium"),
c(VAN, TEC, DAP, LNZ, QDA, TGC),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Streptococcus pneumoniae"),
c(carbapenems, VAN, TEC, DAP, LNZ, QDA, TGC, RIF),
"any")
trans_tbl(3, # Sr. groups A/B/C/G
which(x$fullname %like% "^Streptococcus (group (A|B|C|G)|pyogenes|agalactiae|equisimilis|equi|zooepidemicus|dysgalactiae|anginosus)"),
c(PEN, cephalosporins, VAN, TEC, DAP, LNZ, QDA, TGC),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$genus == "Enterococcus"),
c(DAP, LNZ, TGC, TEC),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Enterococcus faecalis"),
c(AMP, AMX),
"any")
# Table 7
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$genus == "Bacteroides"),
MTR,
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Clostridium difficile"),
c(MTR, VAN),
"any")
}
if (guideline$code == "mrgn") {
# Germany -----------------------------------------------------------------
CTX_or_CAZ <- CTX %or% CAZ
IPM_or_MEM <- IPM %or% MEM
x$missing <- NA_character_
if (is.na(PIP)) PIP <- "missing"
if (is.na(CTX_or_CAZ)) CTX_or_CAZ <- "missing"
if (is.na(IPM_or_MEM)) IPM_or_MEM <- "missing"
if (is.na(IPM)) IPM <- "missing"
if (is.na(MEM)) MEM <- "missing"
if (is.na(CIP)) CIP <- "missing"
# Table 1
x[which((x$family == "Enterobacteriaceae" |
x$fullname %like% "^Acinetobacter baumannii") &
x[, PIP] == "R" &
x[, CTX_or_CAZ] == "R" &
x[, IPM_or_MEM] == "S" &
x[, CIP] == "R"),
"MDRO"] <- 2 # 2 = 3MRGN
x[which((x$family == "Enterobacteriaceae" |
x$fullname %like% "^Acinetobacter baumannii") &
x[, PIP] == "R" &
x[, CTX_or_CAZ] == "R" &
x[, IPM_or_MEM] == "R" &
x[, CIP] == "R"),
"MDRO"] <- 3 # 3 = 4MRGN, overwrites 3MRGN if applicable
x[which((x$family == "Enterobacteriaceae" |
x$fullname %like% "^Acinetobacter baumannii") &
x[, IPM] == "R" | x[, MEM] == "R"),
"MDRO"] <- 3 # 3 = 4MRGN, always when imipenem or meropenem is R
x[which(x$fullname %like% "^Pseudomonas aeruginosa" &
(x[, PIP] == "S") +
(x[, CTX_or_CAZ] == "S") +
(x[, IPM_or_MEM] == "S") +
(x[, CIP] == "S") == 1),
"MDRO"] <- 2 # 2 = 3MRGN, if only 1 group is S
x[which((x$fullname %like% "^Pseudomonas aeruginosa") &
x[, PIP] == "R" &
x[, CTX_or_CAZ] == "R" &
x[, IPM_or_MEM] == "R" &
x[, CIP] == "R"),
"MDRO"] <- 3 # 3 = 4MRGN
}
if (guideline$code == "brmo") {
# Netherlands -------------------------------------------------------------
aminoglycosides <- aminoglycosides[!is.na(aminoglycosides)]
fluoroquinolones <- fluoroquinolones[!is.na(fluoroquinolones)]
carbapenems <- carbapenems[!is.na(carbapenems)]
amino <- AMX %or% AMP
third <- CAZ %or% CTX
ESBLs <- c(amino, third)
ESBLs <- ESBLs[!is.na(ESBLs)]
if (length(ESBLs) != 2) {
ESBLs <- character(0)
}
# Table 1
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$family == "Enterobacteriaceae"),
c(aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones),
"all")
trans_tbl(2,
which(x$family == "Enterobacteriaceae"),
carbapenems,
"any")
trans_tbl(2,
which(x$family == "Enterobacteriaceae"),
ESBLs,
"all")
# Table 2
trans_tbl(2,
which(x$genus == "Acinetobacter"),
c(carbapenems),
"any")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$genus == "Acinetobacter"),
c(aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones),
"all")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "^Stenotrophomonas maltophilia"),
SXT,
"all")
if (!ab_missing(MEM) & !ab_missing(IPM)
& !ab_missing(GEN) & !ab_missing(TOB)
& !ab_missing(CIP)
& !ab_missing(CAZ)
& !ab_missing(TZP)) {
x$psae <- 0
x[which(x[, MEM] == "R" | x[, IPM] == "R"), "psae"] <- 1 + x[which(x[, MEM] == "R" | x[, IPM] == "R"), "psae"]
x[which(x[, GEN] == "R" & x[, TOB] == "R"), "psae"] <- 1 + x[which(x[, GEN] == "R" & x[, TOB] == "R"), "psae"]
x[which(x[, CIP] == "R"), "psae"] <- 1 + x[which(x[, CIP] == "R"), "psae"]
x[which(x[, CAZ] == "R"), "psae"] <- 1 + x[which(x[, CAZ] == "R"), "psae"]
x[which(x[, TZP] == "R"), "psae"] <- 1 + x[which(x[, TZP] == "R"), "psae"]
} else {
x$psae <- 0
}
x[which(
x$fullname %like% "Pseudomonas aeruginosa"
& x$psae >= 3
), "MDRO"] <- 3
# Table 3
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "Streptococcus pneumoniae"),
PEN,
"all")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "Streptococcus pneumoniae"),
VAN,
"all")
trans_tbl(3,
which(x$fullname %like% "Enterococcus faecium"),
c(PEN, VAN),
"all")
}
prepare_drug <- function(ab) {
# returns vector values of drug
# if `ab` is a column name, looks up the values in `x`
if (length(ab) == 1 & is.character(ab)) {
if (ab %in% colnames(x)) {
ab <- as.data.frame(x)[, ab]
}
}
ab <- as.character(as.rsi(ab))
ab[is.na(ab)] <- ""
ab
}
drug_is_R <- function(ab) {
# returns logical vector
ab <- prepare_drug(ab)
if (length(ab) == 1) {
rep(ab, NROW(x)) == "R"
} else {
ab == "R"
}
}
drug_is_not_R <- function(ab) {
# returns logical vector
ab <- prepare_drug(ab)
if (length(ab) == 1) {
rep(ab, NROW(x)) != "R"
} else {
ab != "R"
}
}
if (guideline$code == "tb") {
# Tuberculosis ------------------------------------------------------------
x <- x %>%
mutate(mono_count = 0,
mono_count = ifelse(drug_is_R(INH), mono_count + 1, mono_count),
mono_count = ifelse(drug_is_R(RIF), mono_count + 1, mono_count),
mono_count = ifelse(drug_is_R(ETH), mono_count + 1, mono_count),
mono_count = ifelse(drug_is_R(PZA), mono_count + 1, mono_count),
mono_count = ifelse(drug_is_R(RIB), mono_count + 1, mono_count),
mono_count = ifelse(drug_is_R(RFP), mono_count + 1, mono_count),
# from here on logicals
mono = mono_count > 0,
poly = ifelse(mono_count > 1 & drug_is_not_R(RIF) & drug_is_not_R(INH),
TRUE, FALSE),
mdr = ifelse(drug_is_R(RIF) & drug_is_R(INH),
TRUE, FALSE),
xdr = ifelse(drug_is_R(LVX) | drug_is_R(MFX) | drug_is_R(GAT),
TRUE, FALSE),
second = ifelse(drug_is_R(CAP) | drug_is_R(KAN) | drug_is_R(AMK),
TRUE, FALSE),
xdr = ifelse(mdr & xdr & second, TRUE, FALSE)) %>%
mutate(mdr_tb = case_when(xdr ~ 5,
mdr ~ 4,
poly ~ 3,
mono ~ 2,
TRUE ~ 1),
# keep all real TB, make other species NA
mdr_tb = ifelse(x$fullname == "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", mdr_tb, NA_real_))
}
# return results
if (guideline$code == "tb") {
factor(x = x$mdr_tb,
levels = 1:5,
labels = c("Negative", "Mono-resistant", "Poly-resistant", "Multi-drug-resistant", "Extensive drug-resistant"),
ordered = TRUE)
} else if (guideline$code == "mrgn") {
factor(x = x$MDRO,
levels = 1:3,
labels = c("Negative", "3MRGN", "4MRGN"),
ordered = TRUE)
} else {
factor(x = x$MDRO,
levels = 1:3,
labels = c("Negative", "Positive, unconfirmed", "Positive"),
ordered = TRUE)
}
}
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
brmo <- function(x, guideline = "BRMO", ...) {
mdro(x, guideline = "BRMO", ...)
}
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
mrgn <- function(x, guideline = "MRGN", ...) {
mdro(x = x, guideline = "MRGN", ...)
}
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
mdr_tb <- function(x, guideline = "TB", ...) {
mdro(x = x, guideline = "TB", ...)
}
#' @rdname mdro
#' @export
eucast_exceptional_phenotypes <- function(x, guideline = "EUCAST", ...) {
mdro(x = x, guideline = "EUCAST", ...)
}
-326
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@@ -1,326 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Class 'mic'
#'
#' This transforms a vector to a new class \code{mic}, which is an ordered factor with valid MIC values as levels. Invalid MIC values will be translated as \code{NA} with a warning.
#' @rdname as.mic
#' @param x vector
#' @param na.rm a logical indicating whether missing values should be removed
#' @details Interpret MIC values as RSI values with \code{\link{as.rsi}}. It supports guidelines from EUCAST and CLSI.
#' @return Ordered factor with new class \code{mic}
#' @keywords mic
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>%
#' @seealso \code{\link{as.rsi}}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' mic_data <- as.mic(c(">=32", "1.0", "1", "1.00", 8, "<=0.128", "8", "16", "16"))
#' is.mic(mic_data)
#'
#' # this can also coerce combined MIC/RSI values:
#' as.mic("<=0.002; S") # will return <=0.002
#'
#' # interpret MIC values
#' as.rsi(x = as.mic(2),
#' mo = as.mo("S. pneumoniae"),
#' ab = "AMX",
#' guideline = "EUCAST")
#' as.rsi(x = as.mic(4),
#' mo = as.mo("S. pneumoniae"),
#' ab = "AMX",
#' guideline = "EUCAST")
#'
#' plot(mic_data)
#' barplot(mic_data)
#'
#' library(clean)
#' freq(mic_data)
as.mic <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
if (is.mic(x)) {
x
} else {
x <- x %>% unlist()
if (na.rm == TRUE) {
x <- x[!is.na(x)]
}
x.bak <- x
# comma to period
x <- gsub(",", ".", x, fixed = TRUE)
# remove space between operator and number ("<= 0.002" -> "<=0.002")
x <- gsub("(<|=|>) +", "\\1", x)
# transform => to >= and =< to <=
x <- gsub("=>", ">=", x, fixed = TRUE)
x <- gsub("=<", "<=", x, fixed = TRUE)
# starting dots must start with 0
x <- gsub("^[.]+", "0.", x)
# <=0.2560.512 should be 0.512
x <- gsub(".*[.].*[.]", "0.", x)
# remove ending .0
x <- gsub("[.]+0$", "", x)
# remove all after last digit
x <- gsub("[^0-9]+$", "", x)
# keep only one zero before dot
x <- gsub("0+[.]", "0.", x)
# starting 00 is probably 0.0 if there's no dot yet
x[!x %like% "[.]"] <- gsub("^00", "0.0", x[!x %like% "[.]"])
# remove last zeroes
x <- gsub("([.].?)0+$", "\\1", x)
x <- gsub("(.*[.])0+$", "\\10", x)
# remove ending .0 again
x[x %like% "[.]"] <- gsub("0+$", "", x[x %like% "[.]"])
# force to be character
x <- as.character(x)
# trim it
x <- trimws(x)
## previously unempty values now empty - should return a warning later on
x[x.bak != "" & x == ""] <- "invalid"
# these are allowed MIC values and will become factor levels
lvls <- c("<0.001", "<=0.001", "0.001", ">=0.001", ">0.001",
"<0.002", "<=0.002", "0.002", ">=0.002", ">0.002",
"<0.003", "<=0.003", "0.003", ">=0.003", ">0.003",
"<0.004", "<=0.004", "0.004", ">=0.004", ">0.004",
"<0.005", "<=0.005", "0.005", ">=0.005", ">0.005",
"<0.006", "<=0.006", "0.006", ">=0.006", ">0.006",
"<0.007", "<=0.007", "0.007", ">=0.007", ">0.007",
"<0.008", "<=0.008", "0.008", ">=0.008", ">0.008",
"<0.009", "<=0.009", "0.009", ">=0.009", ">0.009",
"<0.01", "<=0.01", "0.01", ">=0.01", ">0.01",
"<0.012", "<=0.012", "0.012", ">=0.012", ">0.012",
"<0.0125", "<=0.0125", "0.0125", ">=0.0125", ">0.0125",
"<0.016", "<=0.016", "0.016", ">=0.016", ">0.016",
"<0.019", "<=0.019", "0.019", ">=0.019", ">0.019",
"<0.02", "<=0.02", "0.02", ">=0.02", ">0.02",
"<0.023", "<=0.023", "0.023", ">=0.023", ">0.023",
"<0.025", "<=0.025", "0.025", ">=0.025", ">0.025",
"<0.028", "<=0.028", "0.028", ">=0.028", ">0.028",
"<0.03", "<=0.03", "0.03", ">=0.03", ">0.03",
"<0.031", "<=0.031", "0.031", ">=0.031", ">0.031",
"<0.032", "<=0.032", "0.032", ">=0.032", ">0.032",
"<0.038", "<=0.038", "0.038", ">=0.038", ">0.038",
"<0.04", "<=0.04", "0.04", ">=0.04", ">0.04",
"<0.047", "<=0.047", "0.047", ">=0.047", ">0.047",
"<0.05", "<=0.05", "0.05", ">=0.05", ">0.05",
"<0.054", "<=0.054", "0.054", ">=0.054", ">0.054",
"<0.06", "<=0.06", "0.06", ">=0.06", ">0.06",
"<0.0625", "<=0.0625", "0.0625", ">=0.0625", ">0.0625",
"<0.063", "<=0.063", "0.063", ">=0.063", ">0.063",
"<0.064", "<=0.064", "0.064", ">=0.064", ">0.064",
"<0.075", "<=0.075", "0.075", ">=0.075", ">0.075",
"<0.08", "<=0.08", "0.08", ">=0.08", ">0.08",
"<0.09", "<=0.09", "0.09", ">=0.09", ">0.09",
"<0.094", "<=0.094", "0.094", ">=0.094", ">0.094",
"<0.095", "<=0.095", "0.095", ">=0.095", ">0.095",
"<0.1", "<=0.1", "0.1", ">=0.1", ">0.1",
"<0.12", "<=0.12", "0.12", ">=0.12", ">0.12",
"<0.125", "<=0.125", "0.125", ">=0.125", ">0.125",
"<0.128", "<=0.128", "0.128", ">=0.128", ">0.128",
"<0.15", "<=0.15", "0.15", ">=0.15", ">0.15",
"<0.16", "<=0.16", "0.16", ">=0.16", ">0.16",
"<0.17", "<=0.17", "0.17", ">=0.17", ">0.17",
"<0.18", "<=0.18", "0.18", ">=0.18", ">0.18",
"<0.19", "<=0.19", "0.19", ">=0.19", ">0.19",
"<0.2", "<=0.2", "0.2", ">=0.2", ">0.2",
"<0.23", "<=0.23", "0.23", ">=0.23", ">0.23",
"<0.25", "<=0.25", "0.25", ">=0.25", ">0.25",
"<0.256", "<=0.256", "0.256", ">=0.256", ">0.256",
"<0.28", "<=0.28", "0.28", ">=0.28", ">0.28",
"<0.3", "<=0.3", "0.3", ">=0.3", ">0.3",
"<0.32", "<=0.32", "0.32", ">=0.32", ">0.32",
"<0.35", "<=0.35", "0.35", ">=0.35", ">0.35",
"<0.36", "<=0.36", "0.36", ">=0.36", ">0.36",
"<0.38", "<=0.38", "0.38", ">=0.38", ">0.38",
"<0.47", "<=0.47", "0.47", ">=0.47", ">0.47",
"<0.5", "<=0.5", "0.5", ">=0.5", ">0.5",
"<0.512", "<=0.512", "0.512", ">=0.512", ">0.512",
"<0.64", "<=0.64", "0.64", ">=0.64", ">0.64",
"<0.73", "<=0.73", "0.73", ">=0.73", ">0.73",
"<0.75", "<=0.75", "0.75", ">=0.75", ">0.75",
"<0.8", "<=0.8", "0.8", ">=0.8", ">0.8",
"<0.94", "<=0.94", "0.94", ">=0.94", ">0.94",
"<1", "<=1", "1", ">=1", ">1",
"<1.5", "<=1.5", "1.5", ">=1.5", ">1.5",
"<2", "<=2", "2", ">=2", ">2",
"<3", "<=3", "3", ">=3", ">3",
"<4", "<=4", "4", ">=4", ">4",
"<5", "<=5", "5", ">=5", ">5",
"<6", "<=6", "6", ">=6", ">6",
"<7", "<=7", "7", ">=7", ">7",
"<8", "<=8", "8", ">=8", ">8",
"<10", "<=10", "10", ">=10", ">10",
"<12", "<=12", "12", ">=12", ">12",
"<16", "<=16", "16", ">=16", ">16",
"<20", "<=20", "20", ">=20", ">20",
"<24", "<=24", "24", ">=24", ">24",
"<32", "<=32", "32", ">=32", ">32",
"<40", "<=40", "40", ">=40", ">40",
"<48", "<=48", "48", ">=48", ">48",
"<64", "<=64", "64", ">=64", ">64",
"<80", "<=80", "80", ">=80", ">80",
"<96", "<=96", "96", ">=96", ">96",
"<128", "<=128", "128", ">=128", ">128",
"129",
"<160", "<=160", "160", ">=160", ">160",
"<256", "<=256", "256", ">=256", ">256",
"257",
"<320", "<=320", "320", ">=320", ">320",
"<512", "<=512", "512", ">=512", ">512",
"513",
"<1024", "<=1024", "1024", ">=1024", ">1024",
"1025")
na_before <- x[is.na(x) | x == ""] %>% length()
x[!x %in% lvls] <- NA
na_after <- x[is.na(x) | x == ""] %>% length()
if (na_before != na_after) {
list_missing <- x.bak[is.na(x) & !is.na(x.bak) & x.bak != ""] %>%
unique() %>%
sort()
list_missing <- paste0('"', list_missing, '"', collapse = ", ")
warning(na_after - na_before, " results truncated (",
round(((na_after - na_before) / length(x)) * 100),
"%) that were invalid MICs: ",
list_missing, call. = FALSE)
}
structure(.Data = factor(x, levels = lvls, ordered = TRUE),
class = c("mic", "ordered", "factor"))
}
}
#' @rdname as.mic
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>%
is.mic <- function(x) {
class(x) %>% identical(c("mic", "ordered", "factor"))
}
#' @exportMethod as.double.mic
#' @export
#' @noRd
as.double.mic <- function(x, ...) {
as.double(gsub("(<|=|>)+", "", as.character(x)))
}
#' @exportMethod as.integer.mic
#' @export
#' @noRd
as.integer.mic <- function(x, ...) {
as.integer(gsub("(<|=|>)+", "", as.character(x)))
}
#' @exportMethod as.numeric.mic
#' @export
#' @noRd
as.numeric.mic <- function(x, ...) {
as.numeric(gsub("(<|=|>)+", "", as.character(x)))
}
#' @exportMethod droplevels.mic
#' @export
#' @noRd
droplevels.mic <- function(x, exclude = ifelse(anyNA(levels(x)), NULL, NA), ...) {
x <- droplevels.factor(x, exclude = exclude, ...)
class(x) <- c("mic", "ordered", "factor")
x
}
#' @exportMethod print.mic
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% tibble group_by summarise pull
#' @noRd
print.mic <- function(x, ...) {
cat("Class 'mic'\n")
print(as.character(x), quote = FALSE)
}
#' @exportMethod summary.mic
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>%
#' @noRd
summary.mic <- function(object, ...) {
x <- object
n_total <- x %>% length()
x <- x[!is.na(x)]
n <- x %>% length()
c(
"Class" = "mic",
"<NA>" = n_total - n,
"Min." = sort(x)[1] %>% as.character(),
"Max." = sort(x)[n] %>% as.character()
)
}
#' @exportMethod plot.mic
#' @export
#' @importFrom graphics barplot axis par
#' @noRd
plot.mic <- function(x,
main = paste("MIC values of", deparse(substitute(x))),
ylab = "Frequency",
xlab = "MIC value",
axes = FALSE,
...) {
barplot(table(droplevels.factor(x)),
ylab = ylab,
xlab = xlab,
axes = axes,
main = main,
...)
axis(2, seq(0, max(table(droplevels.factor(x)))))
}
#' @exportMethod barplot.mic
#' @export
#' @importFrom graphics barplot axis
#' @noRd
barplot.mic <- function(height,
main = paste("MIC values of", deparse(substitute(height))),
ylab = "Frequency",
xlab = "MIC value",
axes = FALSE,
...) {
barplot(table(droplevels.factor(height)),
ylab = ylab,
xlab = xlab,
axes = axes,
main = main,
...)
axis(2, seq(0, max(table(droplevels.factor(height)))))
}
#' @importFrom pillar type_sum
#' @export
type_sum.mic <- function(x) {
"mic"
}
#' @importFrom pillar pillar_shaft
#' @export
pillar_shaft.mic <- function(x, ...) {
out <- trimws(format(x))
out[is.na(x)] <- pillar::style_na(NA)
pillar::new_pillar_shaft_simple(out, align = "right", min_width = 4)
}
-171
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@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
# No export, no Rd
addin_insert_in <- function() {
rstudioapi::insertText(" %in% ")
}
# No export, no Rd
addin_insert_like <- function() {
rstudioapi::insertText(" %like% ")
}
#' @importFrom crayon blue bold red
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% pull
search_type_in_df <- function(x, type) {
# try to find columns based on type
found <- NULL
colnames(x) <- trimws(colnames(x))
# -- mo
if (type == "mo") {
if ("mo" %in% lapply(x, class)) {
found <- colnames(x)[lapply(x, class) == "mo"][1]
} else if (any(colnames(x) %like% "^(mo|microorganism|organism|bacteria|bacterie)s?$")) {
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "^(mo|microorganism|organism|bacteria|bacterie)s?$"][1]
} else if (any(colnames(x) %like% "^(microorganism|organism|bacteria|bacterie)")) {
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "^(microorganism|organism|bacteria|bacterie)"][1]
} else if (any(colnames(x) %like% "species")) {
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "species"][1]
}
}
# -- key antibiotics
if (type == "keyantibiotics") {
if (any(colnames(x) %like% "^key.*(ab|antibiotics)")) {
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "^key.*(ab|antibiotics)"][1]
}
}
# -- date
if (type == "date") {
if (any(colnames(x) %like% "^(specimen date|specimen_date|spec_date)")) {
# WHONET support
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "^(specimen date|specimen_date|spec_date)"][1]
if (!any(class(x %>% pull(found)) %in% c("Date", "POSIXct"))) {
stop(red(paste0("ERROR: Found column `", bold(found), "` to be used as input for `col_", type,
"`, but this column contains no valid dates. Transform its values to valid dates first.")),
call. = FALSE)
}
} else {
for (i in seq_len(ncol(x))) {
if (any(class(x %>% pull(i)) %in% c("Date", "POSIXct"))) {
found <- colnames(x)[i]
break
}
}
}
}
# -- patient id
if (type == "patient_id") {
if (any(colnames(x) %like% "^(identification |patient|patid)")) {
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "^(identification |patient|patid)"][1]
}
}
# -- specimen
if (type == "specimen") {
if (any(colnames(x) %like% "(specimen type|spec_type)")) {
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "(specimen type|spec_type)"][1]
} else if (any(colnames(x) %like% "^(specimen)")) {
found <- colnames(x)[colnames(x) %like% "^(specimen)"][1]
}
}
if (!is.null(found)) {
msg <- paste0("NOTE: Using column `", bold(found), "` as input for `col_", type, "`.")
if (type %in% c("keyantibiotics", "specimen")) {
msg <- paste(msg, "Use", bold(paste0("col_", type), "= FALSE"), "to prevent this.")
}
message(blue(msg))
}
found
}
stopifnot_installed_package <- function(package) {
# no "utils::installed.packages()" since it requires non-staged install since R 3.6.0
# https://developer.r-project.org/Blog/public/2019/02/14/staged-install/index.html
get(".packageName", envir = asNamespace(package))
return(invisible())
}
"%or%" <- function(x, y) {
if (is.null(x) | is.null(y)) {
if (is.null(x)) {
return(y)
} else {
return(x)
}
}
ifelse(!is.na(x),
x,
ifelse(!is.na(y), y, NA))
}
class_integrity_check <- function(value, type, check_vector) {
if (!all(value[!is.na(value)] %in% check_vector)) {
warning(paste0("invalid ", type, ", NA generated"), call. = FALSE)
value[!value %in% check_vector] <- NA
}
value
}
# Percentages -------------------------------------------------------------
# Can all be removed when clean 1.2.0 is on CRAN
getdecimalplaces <- function(x, minimum = 0, maximum = 3) {
if (maximum < minimum) {
maximum <- minimum
}
if (minimum > maximum) {
minimum <- maximum
}
max_places <- max(unlist(lapply(strsplit(sub("0+$", "",
as.character(x * 100)), ".", fixed = TRUE),
function(y) ifelse(length(y) == 2, nchar(y[2]), 0))), na.rm = TRUE)
max(min(max_places,
maximum, na.rm = TRUE),
minimum, na.rm = TRUE)
}
round2 <- function(x, digits = 0, force_zero = TRUE) {
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/12688836/4575331
val <- (trunc((abs(x) * 10 ^ digits) + 0.5) / 10 ^ digits) * sign(x)
if (digits > 0 & force_zero == TRUE) {
val[val != as.integer(val) & !is.na(val)] <- paste0(val[val != as.integer(val) & !is.na(val)],
strrep("0", max(0, digits - nchar(gsub(".*[.](.*)$", "\\1", val[val != as.integer(val) & !is.na(val)])))))
}
val
}
percentage <- function(x, digits = NULL, ...) {
if (is.null(digits)) {
digits <- getdecimalplaces(x, minimum = 0, maximum = 1)
}
# round right: percentage(0.4455) should return "44.6%", not "44.5%"
x <- as.numeric(round2(x, digits = digits + 2))
x_formatted <- format(as.double(x) * 100, scientific = FALSE, digits = digits, nsmall = digits, ...)
x_formatted[!is.na(x)] <- paste0(x_formatted[!is.na(x)], "%")
x_formatted
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
# print successful as.mo coercions to a options entry
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% distinct filter
#' @importFrom utils write.csv
set_mo_history <- function(x, mo, uncertainty_level, force = FALSE, disable = FALSE) {
if (isTRUE(disable)) {
return(base::invisible())
}
# don't save codes that are in a code data set already
mo <- mo[!x %in% microorganisms.codes$code & !x %in% microorganisms.translation$mo_old]
x <- x[!x %in% microorganisms.codes$code & !x %in% microorganisms.translation$mo_old]
warning_new_write <- FALSE
if (base::interactive() | force == TRUE) {
mo_hist <- read_mo_history(uncertainty_level = uncertainty_level, force = force)
df <- data.frame(x, mo, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
distinct(x, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
filter(!is.na(x) & !is.na(mo))
if (nrow(df) == 0) {
return(base::invisible())
}
x <- toupper(df$x)
mo <- df$mo
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
# save package version too, as both the as.mo() algorithm and the reference data set may change
if (NROW(mo_hist[base::which(mo_hist$x == x[i] &
mo_hist$uncertainty_level >= uncertainty_level &
mo_hist$package_version == utils::packageVersion("AMR")), ]) == 0) {
# # Not using the file system:
# tryCatch(options(mo_remembered_results = rbind(mo_hist,
# data.frame(
# x = x[i],
# mo = mo[i],
# uncertainty_level = uncertainty_level,
# package_version = base::as.character(utils::packageVersion("AMR")),
# stringsAsFactors = FALSE))),
# error = function(e) base::invisible())
# # don't remember more than 1,000 different input values
# if (tryCatch(nrow(getOption("mo_remembered_results")), error = function(e) 1001) > 1000) {
# return(base::invisible())
# }
if (is.null(mo_hist) & interactive()) {
warning_new_write <- TRUE
}
tryCatch(write.csv(rbind(mo_hist,
data.frame(
x = x[i],
mo = mo[i],
uncertainty_level = uncertainty_level,
package_version = base::as.character(utils::packageVersion("AMR")),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)),
row.names = FALSE,
file = mo_history_file()),
error = function(e) {
warning_new_write <- FALSE; base::invisible()
})
}
}
}
if (warning_new_write == TRUE) {
message(blue(paste0("NOTE: results are saved to ", mo_history_file(), ".")))
}
return(base::invisible())
}
get_mo_history <- function(x, uncertainty_level, force = FALSE, disable = FALSE) {
if (isTRUE(disable)) {
return(to_class_mo(NA))
}
history <- read_mo_history(uncertainty_level = uncertainty_level, force = force)
if (base::is.null(history)) {
result <- NA
} else {
result <- data.frame(x = as.character(toupper(x)), stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
left_join(history, by = "x") %>%
pull(mo)
}
to_class_mo(result)
}
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% filter distinct
#' @importFrom utils read.csv
read_mo_history <- function(uncertainty_level = 2, force = FALSE, unfiltered = FALSE, disable = FALSE) {
if (isTRUE(disable)) {
return(NULL)
}
if ((!base::interactive() & force == FALSE)) {
return(NULL)
}
uncertainty_level_param <- uncertainty_level
# # Not using the file system:
# history <- tryCatch(getOption("mo_remembered_results"),
# error = function(e) NULL)
history <- tryCatch(read.csv(mo_history_file(), stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
warning = function(w) invisible(),
error = function(e) NULL)
if (is.null(history)) {
return(NULL)
}
# Below: filter on current package version.
# Even current fullnames may be replaced by new taxonomic names, so new versions of
# the Catalogue of Life must not lead to data corruption.
if (unfiltered == FALSE) {
history <- history %>%
filter(package_version == as.character(utils::packageVersion("AMR")),
# only take unknowns if uncertainty_level_param is higher
((mo == "UNKNOWN" & uncertainty_level_param == uncertainty_level) |
(mo != "UNKNOWN" & uncertainty_level_param >= uncertainty_level))) %>%
arrange(desc(uncertainty_level)) %>%
distinct(x, mo, .keep_all = TRUE)
}
if (nrow(history) == 0) {
NULL
} else {
history
}
}
#' @rdname as.mo
#' @importFrom crayon red
#' @importFrom utils menu
#' @export
clear_mo_history <- function(...) {
if (!is.null(read_mo_history())) {
if (interactive() & !isTRUE(list(...)$force)) {
q <- menu(title = paste("This will clear all",
format(nrow(read_mo_history(999, unfiltered = TRUE)), big.mark = ","),
"previously determined microbial IDs. Are you sure?"),
choices = c("Yes", "No"),
graphics = FALSE)
if (q != 1) {
return(invisible())
}
}
# # Not using the file system:
# success <- tryCatch(options(mo_remembered_results = NULL),
# error = function(e) FALSE)
success <- create_blank_mo_history()
if (!isFALSE(success)) {
cat(red(paste("File", mo_history_file(), "cleared.")))
}
}
}
#' @importFrom utils write.csv
create_blank_mo_history <- function() {
tryCatch(
write.csv(x = data.frame(x = character(0),
mo = character(0),
uncertainty_level = integer(0),
package_version = character(0),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
row.names = FALSE,
file = mo_history_file()),
warning = function(w) invisible(),
error = function(e) TRUE)
}
# Borrowed all below code from the extrafont package,
# https://github.com/wch/extrafont/blob/254c3f99b02f11adb59affbda699a92aec8624f5/R/utils.r
inst_path <- function() {
envname <- environmentName(parent.env(environment()))
# If installed in package, envname == "AMR"
# If loaded with load_all, envname == "package:AMR"
# (This is kind of strange)
if (envname == "AMR") {
system.file(package = "AMR")
} else {
srcfile <- attr(attr(inst_path, "srcref"), "srcfile")
file.path(dirname(dirname(srcfile$filename)), "inst")
}
}
# Get the path where extrafontdb is installed
db_path <- function() {
system.file(package = "AMR")
}
# fonttable file
mo_history_file <- function() {
file.path(mo_history_path(), "mo_history.csv")
}
# Path of fontmap directory
mo_history_path <- function() {
file.path(db_path(), "mo_history")
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Property of a microorganism
#'
#' Use these functions to return a specific property of a microorganism. All input values will be evaluated internally with \code{\link{as.mo}}, which makes it possible for input of these functions to use microbial abbreviations, codes and names. See Examples.
#' @param x any (vector of) text that can be coerced to a valid microorganism code with \code{\link{as.mo}}
#' @param property one of the column names of the \code{\link{microorganisms}} data set or \code{"shortname"}
#' @param language language of the returned text, defaults to system language (see \code{\link{get_locale}}) and can also be set with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}. Use \code{language = NULL} or \code{language = ""} to prevent translation.
#' @param ... other parameters passed on to \code{\link{as.mo}}
#' @param open browse the URL using \code{\link[utils]{browseURL}()}
#' @details All functions will return the most recently known taxonomic property according to the Catalogue of Life, except for \code{mo_ref}, \code{mo_authors} and \code{mo_year}. This leads to the following results:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\code{mo_name("Chlamydia psittaci")} will return \code{"Chlamydophila psittaci"} (with a warning about the renaming)}
#' \item{\code{mo_ref("Chlamydia psittaci")} will return \code{"Page, 1968"} (with a warning about the renaming)}
#' \item{\code{mo_ref("Chlamydophila psittaci")} will return \code{"Everett et al., 1999"} (without a warning)}
#' }
#'
#' The Gram stain - \code{mo_gramstain()} - will be determined on the taxonomic kingdom and phylum. According to Cavalier-Smith (2002) who defined subkingdoms Negibacteria and Posibacteria, only these phyla are Posibacteria: Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Tenericutes. These bacteria are considered Gram positive - all other bacteria are considered Gram negative. Species outside the kingdom of Bacteria will return a value \code{NA}.
#'
#' All output will be \link{translate}d where possible.
#'
#' The function \code{mo_url()} will return the direct URL to the online database entry, which also shows the scientific reference of the concerned species.
#' @inheritSection catalogue_of_life Catalogue of Life
#' @inheritSection as.mo Source
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @name mo_property
#' @return \itemize{
#' \item{An \code{integer} in case of \code{mo_year}}
#' \item{A \code{list} in case of \code{mo_taxonomy}}
#' \item{A named \code{character} in case of \code{mo_url}}
#' \item{A \code{character} in all other cases}
#' }
#' @export
#' @seealso \code{\link{microorganisms}}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # taxonomic tree -----------------------------------------------------------
#' mo_kingdom("E. coli") # "Bacteria"
#' mo_phylum("E. coli") # "Proteobacteria"
#' mo_class("E. coli") # "Gammaproteobacteria"
#' mo_order("E. coli") # "Enterobacteriales"
#' mo_family("E. coli") # "Enterobacteriaceae"
#' mo_genus("E. coli") # "Escherichia"
#' mo_species("E. coli") # "coli"
#' mo_subspecies("E. coli") # ""
#'
#' # colloquial properties ----------------------------------------------------
#' mo_name("E. coli") # "Escherichia coli"
#' mo_fullname("E. coli") # "Escherichia coli", same as mo_name()
#' mo_shortname("E. coli") # "E. coli"
#'
#' # other properties ---------------------------------------------------------
#' mo_gramstain("E. coli") # "Gram-negative"
#' mo_type("E. coli") # "Bacteria" (equal to kingdom, but may be translated)
#' mo_rank("E. coli") # "species"
#' mo_url("E. coli") # get the direct url to the online database entry
#' mo_synonyms("E. coli") # get previously accepted taxonomic names
#'
#' # scientific reference -----------------------------------------------------
#' mo_ref("E. coli") # "Castellani et al., 1919"
#' mo_authors("E. coli") # "Castellani et al."
#' mo_year("E. coli") # 1919
#'
#' # abbreviations known in the field -----------------------------------------
#' mo_genus("MRSA") # "Staphylococcus"
#' mo_species("MRSA") # "aureus"
#' mo_shortname("VISA") # "S. aureus"
#' mo_gramstain("VISA") # "Gram-positive"
#'
#' mo_genus("EHEC") # "Escherichia"
#' mo_species("EHEC") # "coli"
#'
#' # known subspecies ---------------------------------------------------------
#' mo_name("doylei") # "Campylobacter jejuni doylei"
#' mo_genus("doylei") # "Campylobacter"
#' mo_species("doylei") # "jejuni"
#' mo_subspecies("doylei") # "doylei"
#'
#' mo_fullname("K. pneu rh") # "Klebsiella pneumoniae rhinoscleromatis"
#' mo_shortname("K. pneu rh") # "K. pneumoniae"
#'
#' \donttest{
#' # Becker classification, see ?as.mo ----------------------------------------
#' mo_fullname("S. epi") # "Staphylococcus epidermidis"
#' mo_fullname("S. epi", Becker = TRUE) # "Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS)"
#' mo_shortname("S. epi") # "S. epidermidis"
#' mo_shortname("S. epi", Becker = TRUE) # "CoNS"
#'
#' # Lancefield classification, see ?as.mo ------------------------------------
#' mo_fullname("S. pyo") # "Streptococcus pyogenes"
#' mo_fullname("S. pyo", Lancefield = TRUE) # "Streptococcus group A"
#' mo_shortname("S. pyo") # "S. pyogenes"
#' mo_shortname("S. pyo", Lancefield = TRUE) # "GAS" (='Group A Streptococci')
#'
#'
#' # language support for German, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and French
#' mo_gramstain("E. coli", language = "de") # "Gramnegativ"
#' mo_gramstain("E. coli", language = "nl") # "Gram-negatief"
#' mo_gramstain("E. coli", language = "es") # "Gram negativo"
#'
#' # mo_type is equal to mo_kingdom, but mo_kingdom will remain official
#' mo_kingdom("E. coli") # "Bacteria" on a German system
#' mo_type("E. coli") # "Bakterien" on a German system
#' mo_type("E. coli") # "Bacteria" on an English system
#'
#' mo_fullname("S. pyogenes",
#' Lancefield = TRUE,
#' language = "de") # "Streptococcus Gruppe A"
#' mo_fullname("S. pyogenes",
#' Lancefield = TRUE,
#' language = "nl") # "Streptococcus groep A"
#'
#'
#' # get a list with the complete taxonomy (from kingdom to subspecies)
#' mo_taxonomy("E. coli")
#' # get a list with the taxonomy, the authors and the URL to the online database
#' mo_info("E. coli")
#' }
mo_name <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "fullname", ...), language = language, only_unknown = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_fullname <- mo_name
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_shortname <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
x.mo <- AMR::as.mo(x, ...)
metadata <- get_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed()
replace_empty <- function(x) {
x[x == ""] <- "spp."
x
}
# get first char of genus and complete species in English
shortnames <- paste0(substr(mo_genus(x.mo, language = NULL), 1, 1), ". ", replace_empty(mo_species(x.mo, language = NULL)))
# exceptions for Staphylococci
shortnames[shortnames == "S. coagulase-negative"] <- "CoNS"
shortnames[shortnames == "S. coagulase-positive"] <- "CoPS"
# exceptions for Streptococci: Streptococcus Group A -> GAS
shortnames[shortnames %like% "S. group [ABCDFGHK]"] <- paste0("G", gsub("S. group ([ABCDFGHK])", "\\1", shortnames[shortnames %like% "S. group [ABCDFGHK]"]), "S")
load_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed(metadata)
translate_AMR(shortnames, language = language, only_unknown = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_subspecies <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "subspecies", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_species <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "species", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_genus <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "genus", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_family <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "family", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_order <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "order", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_class <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "class", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_phylum <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "phylum", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_kingdom <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "kingdom", ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_type <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = "kingdom", ...), language = language, only_unknown = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_gramstain <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
x.mo <- AMR::as.mo(x, ...)
metadata <- get_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed()
x.phylum <- mo_phylum(x.mo)
# DETERMINE GRAM STAIN FOR BACTERIA
# Source: https://itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=956097
# It says this:
# Kingdom Bacteria (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)
# Subkingdom Posibacteria (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)
# Direct Children:
# Phylum Actinobacteria (Cavalier-Smith, 2002)
# Phylum Chloroflexi (Garrity and Holt, 2002)
# Phylum Firmicutes (corrig. Gibbons and Murray, 1978)
# Phylum Tenericutes (Murray, 1984)
x <- NA_character_
# make all bacteria Gram negative
x[mo_kingdom(x.mo) == "Bacteria"] <- "Gram-negative"
# overwrite these phyla with Gram positive
x[x.phylum %in% c("Actinobacteria",
"Chloroflexi",
"Firmicutes",
"Tenericutes")
| x.mo == "B_GRAMP"] <- "Gram-positive"
load_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed(metadata)
translate_AMR(x, language = language, only_unknown = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_ref <- function(x, ...) {
mo_validate(x = x, property = "ref", ...)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_authors <- function(x, ...) {
x <- mo_validate(x = x, property = "ref", ...)
# remove last 4 digits and presumably the comma and space that preceed them
x[!is.na(x)] <- gsub(",? ?[0-9]{4}", "", x[!is.na(x)])
suppressWarnings(x)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_year <- function(x, ...) {
x <- mo_validate(x = x, property = "ref", ...)
# get last 4 digits
x[!is.na(x)] <- gsub(".*([0-9]{4})$", "\\1", x[!is.na(x)])
suppressWarnings(as.integer(x))
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_rank <- function(x, ...) {
mo_validate(x = x, property = "rank", ...)
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_taxonomy <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
x <- AMR::as.mo(x, ...)
metadata <- get_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed()
result <- base::list(kingdom = AMR::mo_kingdom(x, language = language),
phylum = AMR::mo_phylum(x, language = language),
class = AMR::mo_class(x, language = language),
order = AMR::mo_order(x, language = language),
family = AMR::mo_family(x, language = language),
genus = AMR::mo_genus(x, language = language),
species = AMR::mo_species(x, language = language),
subspecies = AMR::mo_subspecies(x, language = language))
load_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed(metadata)
result
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_synonyms <- function(x, ...) {
x <- AMR::as.mo(x, ...)
metadata <- get_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed()
IDs <- AMR::mo_property(x = x, property = "col_id", language = NULL)
syns <- lapply(IDs, function(col_id) {
res <- sort(AMR::microorganisms.old[which(AMR::microorganisms.old$col_id_new == col_id), "fullname"])
if (length(res) == 0) {
NULL
} else {
res
}
})
if (length(syns) > 1) {
names(syns) <- mo_name(x)
result <- syns
} else {
result <- unlist(syns)
}
load_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed(metadata)
result
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @export
mo_info <- function(x, language = get_locale(), ...) {
x <- AMR::as.mo(x, ...)
metadata <- get_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed()
info <- lapply(x, function(y)
c(mo_taxonomy(y, language = language),
list(synonyms = mo_synonyms(y),
url = unname(mo_url(y, open = FALSE)),
ref = mo_ref(y))))
if (length(info) > 1) {
names(info) <- mo_name(x)
result <- info
} else {
result <- info[[1L]]
}
load_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed(metadata)
result
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @importFrom utils browseURL
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% left_join select mutate case_when
#' @export
mo_url <- function(x, open = FALSE, ...) {
mo <- AMR::as.mo(x = x, ... = ...)
mo_names <- AMR::mo_name(mo)
metadata <- get_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed()
df <- data.frame(mo, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
left_join(select(AMR::microorganisms, mo, source, species_id), by = "mo") %>%
mutate(url = case_when(source == "CoL" ~
paste0(gsub("{year}", catalogue_of_life$year, catalogue_of_life$url_CoL, fixed = TRUE), "details/species/id/", species_id),
source == "DSMZ" ~
paste0(catalogue_of_life$url_DSMZ, "/", unlist(lapply(strsplit(mo_names, ""), function(x) x[1]))),
TRUE ~
NA_character_))
u <- df$url
names(u) <- mo_names
if (open == TRUE) {
if (length(u) > 1) {
warning("only the first URL will be opened, as `browseURL()` only suports one string.")
}
browseURL(u[1L])
}
load_mo_failures_uncertainties_renamed(metadata)
u
}
#' @rdname mo_property
#' @importFrom data.table data.table as.data.table setkey
#' @export
mo_property <- function(x, property = "fullname", language = get_locale(), ...) {
if (length(property) != 1L) {
stop("'property' must be of length 1.")
}
if (!property %in% colnames(AMR::microorganisms)) {
stop("invalid property: '", property, "' - use a column name of the `microorganisms` data set")
}
translate_AMR(mo_validate(x = x, property = property, ...), language = language, only_unknown = TRUE)
}
mo_validate <- function(x, property, ...) {
dots <- list(...)
Becker <- dots$Becker
if (is.null(Becker)) {
Becker <- FALSE
}
Lancefield <- dots$Lancefield
if (is.null(Lancefield)) {
Lancefield <- FALSE
}
if (!"AMR" %in% base::.packages()) {
require("AMR")
# check .onLoad() in R/zzz.R: data tables are created there.
}
# try to catch an error when inputting an invalid parameter
# so the 'call.' can be set to FALSE
tryCatch(x[1L] %in% AMR::microorganisms[1, property],
error = function(e) stop(e$message, call. = FALSE))
if (is.mo(x)
& !Becker %in% c(TRUE, "all")
& !Lancefield %in% c(TRUE, "all")) {
# this will not reset mo_uncertainties and mo_failures
# because it's already a valid MO
x <- exec_as.mo(x, property = property, initial_search = FALSE, ...)
} else if (!all(x %in% pull(AMR::microorganisms, property))
| Becker %in% c(TRUE, "all")
| Lancefield %in% c(TRUE, "all")) {
x <- exec_as.mo(x, property = property, ...)
}
if (property == "mo") {
return(to_class_mo(x))
} else if (property == "col_id") {
return(as.integer(x))
} else {
return(x)
}
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Use predefined reference data set
#'
#' @description These functions can be used to predefine your own reference to be used in \code{\link{as.mo}} and consequently all \code{mo_*} functions like \code{\link{mo_genus}} and \code{\link{mo_gramstain}}.
#'
#' This is \strong{the fastest way} to have your organisation (or analysis) specific codes picked up and translated by this package.
#' @param path location of your reference file, see Details
#' @rdname mo_source
#' @name mo_source
#' @aliases set_mo_source get_mo_source
#' @details The reference file can be a text file seperated with commas (CSV) or tabs or pipes, an Excel file (either 'xls' or 'xlsx' format) or an R object file (extension '.rds'). To use an Excel file, you need to have the \code{readxl} package installed.
#'
#' \code{set_mo_source} will check the file for validity: it must be a \code{data.frame}, must have a column named \code{"mo"} which contains values from \code{microorganisms$mo} and must have a reference column with your own defined values. If all tests pass, \code{set_mo_source} will read the file into R and export it to \code{"~/.mo_source.rds"}. This compressed data file will then be used at default for MO determination (function \code{\link{as.mo}} and consequently all \code{mo_*} functions like \code{\link{mo_genus}} and \code{\link{mo_gramstain}}). The location of the original file will be saved as option with \code{\link{options}(mo_source = path)}. Its timestamp will be saved with \code{\link{options}(mo_source_datetime = ...)}.
#'
#' \code{get_mo_source} will return the data set by reading \code{"~/.mo_source.rds"} with \code{\link{readRDS}}. If the original file has changed (the file defined with \code{path}), it will call \code{set_mo_source} to update the data file automatically.
#'
#' Reading an Excel file (\code{.xlsx}) with only one row has a size of 8-9 kB. The compressed file used by this package will have a size of 0.1 kB and can be read by \code{get_mo_source} in only a couple of microseconds (a millionth of a second).
#' @section How it works:
#' Imagine this data on a sheet of an Excel file (mo codes were looked up in the `microorganisms` data set). The first column contains the organisation specific codes, the second column contains an MO code from this package:
#' \preformatted{
#' | A | B |
#' --|--------------------|-------------|
#' 1 | Organisation XYZ | mo |
#' 2 | lab_mo_ecoli | B_ESCHR_COL |
#' 3 | lab_mo_kpneumoniae | B_KLBSL_PNE |
#' 4 | | |
#' }
#'
#' We save it as \code{'home/me/ourcodes.xlsx'}. Now we have to set it as a source:
#' \preformatted{
#' set_mo_source("home/me/ourcodes.xlsx")
#' # Created mo_source file '~/.mo_source.rds' from 'home/me/ourcodes.xlsx'.
#' }
#'
#' It has now created a file "~/.mo_source.rds" with the contents of our Excel file, but only the first column with foreign values and the 'mo' column will be kept.
#'
#' And now we can use it in our functions:
#' \preformatted{
#' as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
#' [1] B_ESCHR_COL
#'
#' mo_genus("lab_mo_kpneumoniae")
#' [1] "Klebsiella"
#'
#' # other input values still work too
#' as.mo(c("Escherichia coli", "E. coli", "lab_mo_ecoli"))
#' [1] B_ESCHR_COL B_ESCHR_COL B_ESCHR_COL
#' }
#'
#' If we edit the Excel file to, let's say, this:
#' \preformatted{
#' | A | B |
#' --|--------------------|-------------|
#' 1 | Organisation XYZ | mo |
#' 2 | lab_mo_ecoli | B_ESCHR_COL |
#' 3 | lab_mo_kpneumoniae | B_KLBSL_PNE |
#' 4 | lab_Staph_aureus | B_STPHY_AUR |
#' 5 | | |
#' }
#'
#' ...any new usage of an MO function in this package will update your data:
#' \preformatted{
#' as.mo("lab_mo_ecoli")
#' # Updated mo_source file '~/.mo_source.rds' from 'home/me/ourcodes.xlsx'.
#' [1] B_ESCHR_COL
#'
#' mo_genus("lab_Staph_aureus")
#' [1] "Staphylococcus"
#' }
#'
#' To remove the reference completely, just use any of these:
#' \preformatted{
#' set_mo_source("")
#' set_mo_source(NULL)
#' # Removed mo_source file '~/.mo_source.rds'.
#' }
#' @importFrom dplyr select everything
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
set_mo_source <- function(path) {
file_location <- path.expand("~/mo_source.rds")
if (!is.character(path) | length(path) > 1) {
stop("`path` must be a character of length 1.")
}
if (path %in% c(NULL, "")) {
options(mo_source = NULL)
options(mo_source_timestamp = NULL)
if (file.exists(file_location)) {
unlink(file_location)
message("Removed mo_source file '", file_location, "'.")
}
return(invisible())
}
if (!file.exists(path)) {
stop("File not found: ", path)
}
if (path %like% "[.]rds$") {
df <- readRDS(path)
} else if (path %like% "[.]xlsx?$") {
# is Excel file (old or new)
if (!"readxl" %in% utils::installed.packages()) {
stop("Install the 'readxl' package first.")
}
df <- readxl::read_excel(path)
} else if (path %like% "[.]tsv$") {
df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = "\t", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
} else {
# try comma first
try(
df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = ",", stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
silent = TRUE)
if (!mo_source_isvalid(df)) {
# try tab
try(
df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = "\t", stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
silent = TRUE)
}
if (!mo_source_isvalid(df)) {
# try pipe
try(
df <- utils::read.table(header = TRUE, sep = "|", stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
silent = TRUE)
}
}
if (!mo_source_isvalid(df)) {
stop("File must contain a column with self-defined values and a reference column `mo` with valid values from the `microorganisms` data set.")
}
df <- df %>% filter(!is.na(mo))
# keep only first two columns, second must be mo
if (colnames(df)[1] == "mo") {
df <- df[, c(2, 1)]
} else {
df <- df[, c(1, 2)]
}
df <- as.data.frame(df, stringAsFactors = FALSE)
# success
if (file.exists(file_location)) {
action <- "Updated"
} else {
action <- "Created"
}
saveRDS(df, file_location)
options(mo_source = path)
options(mo_source_timestamp = as.character(file.info(path)$mtime))
message(action, " mo_source file '", file_location, "' from '", path, "'.")
}
#' @rdname mo_source
#' @export
get_mo_source <- function() {
if (is.null(getOption("mo_source", NULL))) {
NULL
} else {
old_time <- as.POSIXct(getOption("mo_source_timestamp"))
new_time <- as.POSIXct(as.character(file.info(getOption("mo_source", ""))$mtime))
if (is.na(new_time)) {
# source file was deleted, remove reference too
set_mo_source("")
return(NULL)
}
if (new_time != old_time) {
# set updated source
set_mo_source(getOption("mo_source"))
}
file_location <- path.expand("~/mo_source.rds")
readRDS(file_location)
}
}
mo_source_isvalid <- function(x) {
if (deparse(substitute(x)) == "get_mo_source()") {
return(TRUE)
}
if (identical(x, get_mo_source())) {
return(TRUE)
}
if (is.null(x)) {
return(TRUE)
}
if (!is.data.frame(x)) {
return(FALSE)
}
if (!"mo" %in% colnames(x)) {
return(FALSE)
}
all(x$mo %in% c("", AMR::microorganisms$mo))
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Symbol of a p value
#'
#' Return the symbol related to the p value: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1. Values above \code{p = 1} will return \code{NA}.
#' @param p p value
#' @param emptychar text to show when \code{p > 0.1}
#' @return Text
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
p_symbol <- function(p, emptychar = " ") {
p <- as.double(p)
s <- rep(NA_character_, length(p))
s[p <= 1] <- emptychar
s[p <= 0.100] <- "."
s[p <= 0.050] <- "*"
s[p <= 0.010] <- "**"
s[p <= 0.001] <- "***"
s
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Calculate resistance of isolates
#'
#' @description These functions can be used to calculate the (co-)resistance of microbial isolates (i.e. percentage of S, SI, I, IR or R). All functions support quasiquotation with pipes, can be used in \code{dplyr}s \code{\link[dplyr]{summarise}} and support grouped variables, see \emph{Examples}.
#'
#' \code{portion_R} and \code{portion_IR} can be used to calculate resistance, \code{portion_S} and \code{portion_SI} can be used to calculate susceptibility.\cr
#' @param ... one or more vectors (or columns) with antibiotic interpretations. They will be transformed internally with \code{\link{as.rsi}} if needed. Use multiple columns to calculate (the lack of) co-resistance: the probability where one of two drugs have a resistant or susceptible result. See Examples.
#' @param minimum the minimum allowed number of available (tested) isolates. Any isolate count lower than \code{minimum} will return \code{NA} with a warning. The default number of \code{30} isolates is advised by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) as best practice, see Source.
#' @param as_percent a logical to indicate whether the output must be returned as a hundred fold with \% sign (a character). A value of \code{0.123456} will then be returned as \code{"12.3\%"}.
#' @param only_all_tested (for combination therapies, i.e. using more than one variable for \code{...}) a logical to indicate that isolates must be tested for all antibiotics, see section \emph{Combination therapy} below
#' @param data a \code{data.frame} containing columns with class \code{rsi} (see \code{\link{as.rsi}})
#' @param translate_ab a column name of the \code{\link{antibiotics}} data set to translate the antibiotic abbreviations to, using \code{\link{ab_property}}
#' @inheritParams ab_property
#' @param combine_SI a logical to indicate whether all values of S and I must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S+I vs. R (susceptible vs. resistant). This used to be the parameter \code{combine_IR}, but this now follows the redefinition by EUCAST about the interpretion of I (increased exposure) in 2019, see section 'Interpretation of S, I and R' below. Default is \code{TRUE}.
#' @param combine_IR a logical to indicate whether all values of I and R must be merged into one, so the output only consists of S vs. I+R (susceptible vs. non-susceptible). This is outdated, see parameter \code{combine_SI}.
#' @inheritSection as.rsi Interpretation of S, I and R
#' @details \strong{Remember that you should filter your table to let it contain only first isolates!} This is needed to exclude duplicates and to reduce selection bias. Use \code{\link{first_isolate}} to determine them in your data set.
#'
#' These functions are not meant to count isolates, but to calculate the portion of resistance/susceptibility. Use the \code{\link[AMR]{count}} functions to count isolates. The function \code{portion_SI()} is essentially equal to \code{count_SI() / count_all()}. \emph{Low counts can infuence the outcome - the \code{portion} functions may camouflage this, since they only return the portion (albeit being dependent on the \code{minimum} parameter).}
#'
#' The function \code{portion_df} takes any variable from \code{data} that has an \code{"rsi"} class (created with \code{\link{as.rsi}}) and calculates the portions R, I and S. The resulting \emph{tidy data} (see Source) \code{data.frame} will have three rows (S/I/R) and a column for each group and each variable with class \code{"rsi"}.
#'
#' The function \code{rsi_df} works exactly like \code{portion_df}, but adds the number of isolates.
#' @section Combination therapy:
#' When using more than one variable for \code{...} (= combination therapy)), use \code{only_all_tested} to only count isolates that are tested for all antibiotics/variables that you test them for. See this example for two antibiotics, Antibiotic A and Antibiotic B, about how \code{portion_SI} works to calculate the \%SI:
#'
#' \preformatted{
#' --------------------------------------------------------------------
#' only_all_tested = FALSE only_all_tested = TRUE
#' ----------------------- -----------------------
#' Drug A Drug B include as include as include as include as
#' numerator denominator numerator denominator
#' -------- -------- ---------- ----------- ---------- -----------
#' S or I S or I X X X X
#' R S or I X X X X
#' <NA> S or I X X - -
#' S or I R X X X X
#' R R - X - X
#' <NA> R - - - -
#' S or I <NA> X X - -
#' R <NA> - - - -
#' <NA> <NA> - - - -
#' --------------------------------------------------------------------
#' }
#'
#' Please note that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = TRUE} applies that:
#' \preformatted{
#' count_S() + count_I() + count_R() == count_all()
#' portion_S() + portion_I() + portion_R() == 1
#' }
#' and that, in combination therapies, for \code{only_all_tested = FALSE} applies that:
#' \preformatted{
#' count_S() + count_I() + count_R() >= count_all()
#' portion_S() + portion_I() + portion_R() >= 1
#' }
#'
#' Using \code{only_all_tested} has no impact when only using one antibiotic as input.
#' @source \strong{M39 Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data, 4th Edition}, 2014, \emph{Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)}. \url{https://clsi.org/standards/products/microbiology/documents/m39/}.
#'
#' Wickham H. \strong{Tidy Data.} The Journal of Statistical Software, vol. 59, 2014. \url{http://vita.had.co.nz/papers/tidy-data.html}
#' @seealso \code{\link[AMR]{count}_*} to count resistant and susceptible isolates.
#' @keywords resistance susceptibility rsi_df rsi antibiotics isolate isolates
#' @return Double or, when \code{as_percent = TRUE}, a character.
#' @rdname portion
#' @name portion
#' @export
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' # example_isolates is a data set available in the AMR package.
#' ?example_isolates
#'
#' # Calculate resistance
#' portion_R(example_isolates$AMX)
#' portion_IR(example_isolates$AMX)
#'
#' # Or susceptibility
#' portion_S(example_isolates$AMX)
#' portion_SI(example_isolates$AMX)
#'
#' # Do the above with pipes:
#' library(dplyr)
#' example_isolates %>% portion_R(AMX)
#' example_isolates %>% portion_IR(AMX)
#' example_isolates %>% portion_S(AMX)
#' example_isolates %>% portion_SI(AMX)
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(p = portion_SI(CIP),
#' n = n_rsi(CIP)) # n_rsi works like n_distinct in dplyr
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(R = portion_R(CIP, as_percent = TRUE),
#' I = portion_I(CIP, as_percent = TRUE),
#' S = portion_S(CIP, as_percent = TRUE),
#' n1 = count_all(CIP), # the actual total; sum of all three
#' n2 = n_rsi(CIP), # same - analogous to n_distinct
#' total = n()) # NOT the number of tested isolates!
#'
#' # Calculate co-resistance between amoxicillin/clav acid and gentamicin,
#' # so we can see that combination therapy does a lot more than mono therapy:
#' example_isolates %>% portion_SI(AMC) # %SI = 76.3%
#' example_isolates %>% count_all(AMC) # n = 1879
#'
#' example_isolates %>% portion_SI(GEN) # %SI = 75.4%
#' example_isolates %>% count_all(GEN) # n = 1855
#'
#' example_isolates %>% portion_SI(AMC, GEN) # %SI = 94.1%
#' example_isolates %>% count_all(AMC, GEN) # n = 1939
#'
#'
#' # See Details on how `only_all_tested` works. Example:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' summarise(numerator = count_SI(AMC, GEN),
#' denominator = count_all(AMC, GEN),
#' portion = portion_SI(AMC, GEN))
#' # numerator denominator portion
#' # 1764 1936 0.9408
#' example_isolates %>%
#' summarise(numerator = count_SI(AMC, GEN, only_all_tested = TRUE),
#' denominator = count_all(AMC, GEN, only_all_tested = TRUE),
#' portion = portion_SI(AMC, GEN, only_all_tested = TRUE))
#' # numerator denominator portion
#' # 1687 1798 0.9383
#'
#'
#' example_isolates %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' summarise(cipro_p = portion_SI(CIP, as_percent = TRUE),
#' cipro_n = count_all(CIP),
#' genta_p = portion_SI(GEN, as_percent = TRUE),
#' genta_n = count_all(GEN),
#' combination_p = portion_SI(CIP, GEN, as_percent = TRUE),
#' combination_n = count_all(CIP, GEN))
#'
#' # Get portions S/I/R immediately of all rsi columns
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(AMX, CIP) %>%
#' portion_df(translate = FALSE)
#'
#' # It also supports grouping variables
#' example_isolates %>%
#' select(hospital_id, AMX, CIP) %>%
#' group_by(hospital_id) %>%
#' portion_df(translate = FALSE)
#'
#'
#' \dontrun{
#'
#' # calculate current empiric combination therapy of Helicobacter gastritis:
#' my_table %>%
#' filter(first_isolate == TRUE,
#' genus == "Helicobacter") %>%
#' summarise(p = portion_S(AMX, MTR), # amoxicillin with metronidazole
#' n = count_all(AMX, MTR))
#' }
portion_R <- function(...,
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = "R",
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname portion
#' @export
portion_IR <- function(...,
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = c("I", "R"),
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname portion
#' @export
portion_I <- function(...,
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = "I",
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname portion
#' @export
portion_SI <- function(...,
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = c("S", "I"),
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname portion
#' @export
portion_S <- function(...,
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE) {
rsi_calc(...,
ab_result = "S",
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
only_all_tested = only_all_tested,
only_count = FALSE)
}
#' @rdname portion
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% select_if bind_rows summarise_if mutate group_vars select everything
#' @export
portion_df <- function(data,
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE) {
rsi_calc_df(type = "portion",
data = data,
translate_ab = translate_ab,
language = language,
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
combine_SI = combine_SI,
combine_IR = combine_IR,
combine_SI_missing = missing(combine_SI))
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Read data from 4D database
#'
#' This function is only useful for the MMB department of the UMCG. Use this function to \strong{import data by just defining the \code{file} parameter}. It will automatically transform birth dates and calculate patients age, translate the column names to English, transform the MO codes with \code{\link{as.mo}} and transform all antimicrobial columns with \code{\link{as.rsi}}.
#' @inheritParams utils::read.table
#' @param info a logical to indicate whether info about the import should be printed, defaults to \code{TRUE} in interactive sessions
#' @details Column names will be transformed, but the original column names are set as a "label" attribute and can be seen in e.g. RStudio Viewer.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
read.4D <- function(file,
info = interactive(),
header = TRUE,
row.names = NULL,
sep = "\t",
quote = "\"'",
dec = ",",
na.strings = c("NA", "", "."),
skip = 2,
check.names = TRUE,
strip.white = TRUE,
fill = TRUE,
blank.lines.skip = TRUE,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE,
fileEncoding = "UTF-8",
encoding = "UTF-8") {
if (info == TRUE) {
message("Importing ", file, "... ", appendLF = FALSE)
}
data_4D <- utils::read.table(file = file,
row.names = row.names,
header = header,
sep = sep,
quote = quote,
dec = dec,
na.strings = na.strings,
skip = skip,
check.names = check.names,
strip.white = strip.white,
fill = fill,
blank.lines.skip = blank.lines.skip,
stringsAsFactors = stringsAsFactors,
fileEncoding = fileEncoding,
encoding = encoding)
# helper function for dates
to_date_4D <- function(x) {
date_regular <- as.Date(x, format = "%d-%m-%y")
posixlt <- as.POSIXlt(date_regular)
# born after today will be born 100 years ago
# based on https://stackoverflow.com/a/3312971/4575331
posixlt[date_regular > Sys.Date() & !is.na(posixlt)]$year <- posixlt[date_regular > Sys.Date() & !is.na(posixlt)]$year - 100
as.Date(posixlt)
}
if (info == TRUE) {
message("OK\nTransforming column names... ", appendLF = FALSE)
}
if ("row.names" %in% colnames(data_4D) & all(is.na(data_4D[, ncol(data_4D)]))) {
# remove first column name "row.names" and remove last empty column
colnames(data_4D) <- c(colnames(data_4D)[2:ncol(data_4D)], "_skip_last")
data_4D <- data_4D[, -ncol(data_4D)]
}
colnames(data_4D) <- tolower(colnames(data_4D))
if (all(c("afnamedat", "gebdatum") %in% colnames(data_4D))) {
# add age
data_4D$age <- NA_integer_
}
cols_wanted <- c("patientnr", "gebdatum", "age", "mv", "monsternr", "afnamedat", "bepaling",
"afd.", "spec", "mat", "matbijz.", "mocode",
"amfo", "amox", "anid", "azit", "casp", "cecl", "cefe", "cfcl",
"cfot", "cfox", "cfta", "cftr", "cfur", "chlo", "cipr", "clin",
"cocl", "ctta", "dapt", "doxy", "eryt", "fluo", "fluz", "fosf",
"fusi", "gehi", "gent", "imip", "kana", "levo", "line", "mero",
"metr", "mico", "mino", "moxi", "mupi", "nali", "nitr", "norf",
"oxac", "peni", "pipe", "pita", "poly", "posa", "quda", "rifa",
"spat", "teic", "tige", "tobr", "trim", "trsu", "vana", "vanb",
"vanc", "vori")
# this ones actually exist
cols_wanted <- cols_wanted[cols_wanted %in% colnames(data_4D)]
# order of columns
data_4D <- data_4D[, cols_wanted]
# backup original column names
colnames.bak <- toupper(colnames(data_4D))
colnames.bak[colnames.bak == "AGE"] <- NA_character_
# rename of columns
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("patientnr", "patient_id", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("gebdatum", "date_birth", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("mv", "gender", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("monsternr", "sample_id", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("afnamedat", "date_received", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("bepaling", "sample_test", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("afd.", "department", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("spec", "specialty", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("matbijz.", "specimen_type", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("mat", "specimen_group", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
colnames(data_4D) <- gsub("mocode", "mo", colnames(data_4D), fixed = TRUE)
if (info == TRUE) {
message("OK\nTransforming dates and age... ", appendLF = FALSE)
}
if ("date_birth" %in% colnames(data_4D)) {
data_4D$date_birth <- to_date_4D(data_4D$date_birth)
}
if ("date_received" %in% colnames(data_4D)) {
data_4D$date_received <- to_date_4D(data_4D$date_received)
}
if ("age" %in% colnames(data_4D)) {
data_4D$age <- age(data_4D$date_birth, data_4D$date_received)
}
if ("gender" %in% colnames(data_4D)) {
data_4D$gender[data_4D$gender == "V"] <- "F"
}
if (info == TRUE) {
message("OK\nTransforming MO codes... ", appendLF = FALSE)
}
if ("mo" %in% colnames(data_4D)) {
data_4D$mo <- as.mo(data_4D$mo)
# column right of mo is:
drug1 <- colnames(data_4D)[grep("^mo$", colnames(data_4D)) + 1]
if (!is.na(drug1)) {
# and last is:
drug_last <- colnames(data_4D)[length(data_4D)]
# transform those to rsi:
data_4D <- suppressWarnings(mutate_at(data_4D, vars(drug1:drug_last), as.rsi))
}
}
# set original column names as label (can be seen in RStudio Viewer)
if (info == TRUE) {
message("OK\nSetting original column names as label... ", appendLF = FALSE)
}
for (i in seq_len(ncol(data_4D))) {
if (!is.na(colnames.bak[i])) {
attr(data_4D[, i], "label") <- colnames.bak[i]
}
}
if (info == TRUE) {
message("OK\nSetting query as label to data.frame... ", appendLF = FALSE)
}
qry <- readLines(con <- file(file, open = "r"))[1]
close(con)
attr(data_4D, "label") <- qry
if (info == TRUE) {
message("OK")
}
data_4D
}
-406
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@@ -1,406 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Predict antimicrobial resistance
#'
#' Create a prediction model to predict antimicrobial resistance for the next years on statistical solid ground. Standard errors (SE) will be returned as columns \code{se_min} and \code{se_max}. See Examples for a real live example.
#' @param col_ab column name of \code{x} with antimicrobial interpretations (\code{R}, \code{I} and \code{S})
#' @param col_date column name of the date, will be used to calculate years if this column doesn't consist of years already, defaults to the first column of with a date class
#' @param year_min lowest year to use in the prediction model, dafaults to the lowest year in \code{col_date}
#' @param year_max highest year to use in the prediction model, defaults to 10 years after today
#' @param year_every unit of sequence between lowest year found in the data and \code{year_max}
#' @param minimum minimal amount of available isolates per year to include. Years containing less observations will be estimated by the model.
#' @param model the statistical model of choice. This could be a generalised linear regression model with binomial distribution (i.e. using \code{\link{glm}(..., family = \link{binomial})}), assuming that a period of zero resistance was followed by a period of increasing resistance leading slowly to more and more resistance. See Details for all valid options.
#' @param I_as_S a logical to indicate whether values \code{I} should be treated as \code{S} (will otherwise be treated as \code{R})
#' @param preserve_measurements a logical to indicate whether predictions of years that are actually available in the data should be overwritten by the original data. The standard errors of those years will be \code{NA}.
#' @param info a logical to indicate whether textual analysis should be printed with the name and \code{\link{summary}} of the statistical model.
#' @param main title of the plot
#' @param ribbon a logical to indicate whether a ribbon should be shown (default) or error bars
#' @param ... parameters passed on to functions
#' @inheritParams first_isolate
#' @inheritParams graphics::plot
#' @details Valid options for the statistical model are:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\code{"binomial"} or \code{"binom"} or \code{"logit"}: a generalised linear regression model with binomial distribution}
#' \item{\code{"loglin"} or \code{"poisson"}: a generalised log-linear regression model with poisson distribution}
#' \item{\code{"lin"} or \code{"linear"}: a linear regression model}
#' }
#' @return \code{data.frame} with extra class \code{"resistance_predict"} with columns:
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\code{year}}
#' \item{\code{value}, the same as \code{estimated} when \code{preserve_measurements = FALSE}, and a combination of \code{observed} and \code{estimated} otherwise}
#' \item{\code{se_min}, the lower bound of the standard error with a minimum of \code{0} (so the standard error will never go below 0\%)}
#' \item{\code{se_max} the upper bound of the standard error with a maximum of \code{1} (so the standard error will never go above 100\%)}
#' \item{\code{observations}, the total number of available observations in that year, i.e. S + I + R}
#' \item{\code{observed}, the original observed resistant percentages}
#' \item{\code{estimated}, the estimated resistant percentages, calculated by the model}
#' }
#' Furthermore, the model itself is available as an attribute: \code{attributes(x)$model}, see Examples.
#' @seealso The \code{\link{portion}} function to calculate resistance, \cr \code{\link{lm}} \code{\link{glm}}
#' @rdname resistance_predict
#' @export
#' @importFrom stats predict glm lm
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% pull mutate mutate_at n group_by_at summarise filter filter_at all_vars n_distinct arrange case_when n_groups transmute ungroup
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' x <- resistance_predict(example_isolates, col_ab = "AMX", year_min = 2010, model = "binomial")
#' plot(x)
#' ggplot_rsi_predict(x)
#'
#' # use dplyr so you can actually read it:
#' library(dplyr)
#' x <- example_isolates %>%
#' filter_first_isolate() %>%
#' filter(mo_genus(mo) == "Staphylococcus") %>%
#' resistance_predict("PEN", model = "binomial")
#' plot(x)
#'
#'
#' # get the model from the object
#' mymodel <- attributes(x)$model
#' summary(mymodel)
#'
#'
#' # create nice plots with ggplot2 yourself
#' if (!require(ggplot2)) {
#'
#' data <- example_isolates %>%
#' filter(mo == as.mo("E. coli")) %>%
#' resistance_predict(col_ab = "AMX",
#' col_date = "date",
#' model = "binomial",
#' info = FALSE,
#' minimum = 15)
#'
#' ggplot(data,
#' aes(x = year)) +
#' geom_col(aes(y = value),
#' fill = "grey75") +
#' geom_errorbar(aes(ymin = se_min,
#' ymax = se_max),
#' colour = "grey50") +
#' scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 1),
#' breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.1),
#' labels = paste0(seq(0, 100, 10), "%")) +
#' labs(title = expression(paste("Forecast of amoxicillin resistance in ",
#' italic("E. coli"))),
#' y = "%IR",
#' x = "Year") +
#' theme_minimal(base_size = 13)
#' }
resistance_predict <- function(x,
col_ab,
col_date = NULL,
year_min = NULL,
year_max = NULL,
year_every = 1,
minimum = 30,
model = NULL,
I_as_S = TRUE,
preserve_measurements = TRUE,
info = TRUE,
...) {
if (nrow(x) == 0) {
stop("This table does not contain any observations.")
}
if (is.null(model)) {
stop('Choose a regression model with the `model` parameter, e.g. resistance_predict(..., model = "binomial").')
}
if (!col_ab %in% colnames(x)) {
stop("Column ", col_ab, " not found.")
}
dots <- unlist(list(...))
if (length(dots) != 0) {
# backwards compatibility with old parameters
dots.names <- dots %>% names()
if ("tbl" %in% dots.names) {
x <- dots[which(dots.names == "tbl")]
}
if ("I_as_R" %in% dots.names) {
warning("`I_as_R is deprecated - use I_as_S instead.", call. = FALSE)
}
}
# -- date
if (is.null(col_date)) {
col_date <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "date")
}
if (is.null(col_date)) {
stop("`col_date` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
if (!col_date %in% colnames(x)) {
stop("Column ", col_date, " not found.")
}
if (n_groups(x) > 1) {
# no grouped tibbles please, mutate will throw errors
x <- base::as.data.frame(x, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
}
year <- function(x) {
if (all(grepl("^[0-9]{4}$", x))) {
x
} else {
as.integer(format(as.Date(x), "%Y"))
}
}
df <- x %>%
mutate_at(col_ab, as.rsi) %>%
mutate_at(col_ab, droplevels)
if (I_as_S == TRUE) {
df <- df %>%
mutate_at(col_ab, ~gsub("I", "S", .))
} else {
# then I as R
df <- df %>%
mutate_at(col_ab, ~gsub("I", "R", .))
}
df <- df %>%
filter_at(col_ab, all_vars(!is.na(.))) %>%
mutate(year = year(pull(., col_date))) %>%
group_by_at(c("year", col_ab)) %>%
summarise(n())
if (df %>% pull(col_ab) %>% n_distinct(na.rm = TRUE) < 2) {
stop("No variety in antimicrobial interpretations - all isolates are '",
df %>% pull(col_ab) %>% unique(), "'.",
call. = FALSE)
}
colnames(df) <- c("year", "antibiotic", "observations")
df <- df %>%
filter(!is.na(antibiotic)) %>%
tidyr::spread(antibiotic, observations, fill = 0) %>%
filter((R + S) >= minimum)
df_matrix <- df %>%
ungroup() %>%
select(R, S) %>%
as.matrix()
if (NROW(df) == 0) {
stop("There are no observations.")
}
year_lowest <- min(df$year)
if (is.null(year_min)) {
year_min <- year_lowest
} else {
year_min <- max(year_min, year_lowest, na.rm = TRUE)
}
if (is.null(year_max)) {
year_max <- year(Sys.Date()) + 10
}
years <- list(year = seq(from = year_min, to = year_max, by = year_every))
if (model %in% c("binomial", "binom", "logit")) {
model <- "binomial"
model_lm <- with(df, glm(df_matrix ~ year, family = binomial))
if (info == TRUE) {
cat("\nLogistic regression model (logit) with binomial distribution")
cat("\n------------------------------------------------------------\n")
print(summary(model_lm))
}
predictmodel <- predict(model_lm, newdata = years, type = "response", se.fit = TRUE)
prediction <- predictmodel$fit
se <- predictmodel$se.fit
} else if (model %in% c("loglin", "poisson")) {
model <- "poisson"
model_lm <- with(df, glm(R ~ year, family = poisson))
if (info == TRUE) {
cat("\nLog-linear regression model (loglin) with poisson distribution")
cat("\n--------------------------------------------------------------\n")
print(summary(model_lm))
}
predictmodel <- predict(model_lm, newdata = years, type = "response", se.fit = TRUE)
prediction <- predictmodel$fit
se <- predictmodel$se.fit
} else if (model %in% c("lin", "linear")) {
model <- "linear"
model_lm <- with(df, lm((R / (R + S)) ~ year))
if (info == TRUE) {
cat("\nLinear regression model")
cat("\n-----------------------\n")
print(summary(model_lm))
}
predictmodel <- predict(model_lm, newdata = years, se.fit = TRUE)
prediction <- predictmodel$fit
se <- predictmodel$se.fit
} else {
stop("No valid model selected. See ?resistance_predict.")
}
# prepare the output dataframe
df_prediction <- data.frame(year = unlist(years),
value = prediction,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
mutate(se_min = value - se,
se_max = value + se)
if (model == "poisson") {
df_prediction <- df_prediction %>%
mutate(value = value %>%
format(scientific = FALSE) %>%
as.integer(),
se_min = as.integer(se_min),
se_max = as.integer(se_max))
} else {
df_prediction <- df_prediction %>%
# se_max not above 1
mutate(se_max = ifelse(se_max > 1, 1, se_max))
}
df_prediction <- df_prediction %>%
# se_min not below 0
mutate(se_min = ifelse(se_min < 0, 0, se_min))
df_observations <- df %>%
ungroup() %>%
transmute(year,
observations = R + S,
observed = R / (R + S))
df_prediction <- df_prediction %>%
left_join(df_observations, by = "year") %>%
mutate(estimated = value)
if (preserve_measurements == TRUE) {
# replace estimated data by observed data
df_prediction <- df_prediction %>%
mutate(value = ifelse(!is.na(observed), observed, value),
se_min = ifelse(!is.na(observed), NA, se_min),
se_max = ifelse(!is.na(observed), NA, se_max))
}
df_prediction <- df_prediction %>%
mutate(value = case_when(value > 1 ~ 1,
value < 0 ~ 0,
TRUE ~ value)) %>%
arrange(year)
structure(
.Data = df_prediction,
class = c("resistance_predict", "data.frame"),
I_as_S = I_as_S,
model_title = model,
model = model_lm,
ab = col_ab
)
}
#' @rdname resistance_predict
#' @export
rsi_predict <- resistance_predict
#' @exportMethod plot.mic
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr filter
#' @importFrom graphics plot axis arrows points
#' @rdname resistance_predict
plot.resistance_predict <- function(x, main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name), ...) {
x_name <- paste0(ab_name(attributes(x)$ab), " (", attributes(x)$ab, ")")
if (attributes(x)$I_as_S == TRUE) {
ylab <- "%R"
} else {
ylab <- "%IR"
}
plot(x = x$year,
y = x$value,
ylim = c(0, 1),
yaxt = "n", # no y labels
pch = 19, # closed dots
ylab = paste0("Percentage (", ylab, ")"),
xlab = "Year",
main = main,
sub = paste0("(n = ", sum(x$observations, na.rm = TRUE),
", model: ", attributes(x)$model_title, ")"),
cex.sub = 0.75)
axis(side = 2, at = seq(0, 1, 0.1), labels = paste0(0:10 * 10, "%"))
# hack for error bars: https://stackoverflow.com/a/22037078/4575331
arrows(x0 = x$year,
y0 = x$se_min,
x1 = x$year,
y1 = x$se_max,
length = 0.05, angle = 90, code = 3, lwd = 1.5)
# overlay grey points for prediction
points(x = filter(x, is.na(observations))$year,
y = filter(x, is.na(observations))$value,
pch = 19,
col = "grey40")
}
#' @rdname resistance_predict
#' @importFrom dplyr filter
#' @export
ggplot_rsi_predict <- function(x,
main = paste("Resistance Prediction of", x_name),
ribbon = TRUE,
...) {
if (!"resistance_predict" %in% class(x)) {
stop("`x` must be a resistance prediction model created with resistance_predict().")
}
x_name <- paste0(ab_name(attributes(x)$ab), " (", attributes(x)$ab, ")")
if (attributes(x)$I_as_S == TRUE) {
ylab <- "%R"
} else {
ylab <- "%IR"
}
p <- ggplot2::ggplot(x, ggplot2::aes(x = year, y = value)) +
ggplot2::geom_point(data = filter(x, !is.na(observations)),
size = 2) +
scale_y_percent(limits = c(0, 1)) +
ggplot2::labs(title = main,
y = paste0("Percentage (", ylab, ")"),
x = "Year",
caption = paste0("(n = ", sum(x$observations, na.rm = TRUE),
", model: ", attributes(x)$model_title, ")"))
if (ribbon == TRUE) {
p <- p + ggplot2::geom_ribbon(ggplot2::aes(ymin = se_min, ymax = se_max), alpha = 0.25)
} else {
p <- p + ggplot2::geom_errorbar(ggplot2::aes(ymin = se_min, ymax = se_max), na.rm = TRUE, width = 0.5)
}
p <- p +
# overlay grey points for prediction
ggplot2::geom_point(data = filter(x, is.na(observations)),
size = 2,
colour = "grey40")
p
}
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@@ -1,491 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Class 'rsi'
#'
#' Interpret MIC values according to EUCAST or CLSI, or clean up existing RSI values. This transforms the input to a new class \code{rsi}, which is an ordered factor with levels \code{S < I < R}. Invalid antimicrobial interpretations will be translated as \code{NA} with a warning.
#' @rdname as.rsi
#' @param x vector of values (for class \code{mic}: an MIC value in mg/L, for class \code{disk}: a disk diffusion radius in millimeters)
#' @param mo a microorganism code, generated with \code{\link{as.mo}}
#' @param ab an antimicrobial code, generated with \code{\link{as.ab}}
#' @inheritParams first_isolate
#' @param guideline defaults to the latest included EUCAST guideline, run \code{unique(AMR::rsi_translation$guideline)} for all options
#' @param threshold maximum fraction of invalid antimicrobial interpretations of \code{x}, see Examples
#' @param ... parameters passed on to methods
#' @details Run \code{unique(AMR::rsi_translation$guideline)} for a list of all supported guidelines.
#'
#' After using \code{as.rsi}, you can use \code{\link{eucast_rules}} to (1) apply inferred susceptibility and resistance based on results of other antimicrobials and (2) apply intrinsic resistance based on taxonomic properties of a microorganism.
#'
#' The function \code{is.rsi.eligible} returns \code{TRUE} when a columns contains at most 5\% invalid antimicrobial interpretations (not S and/or I and/or R), and \code{FALSE} otherwise. The threshold of 5\% can be set with the \code{threshold} parameter.
#' @section Interpretation of S, I and R:
#' In 2019, EUCAST has decided to change the definitions of susceptibility testing categories S, I and R as shown below (\url{http://www.eucast.org/newsiandr/}). Results of several consultations on the new definitions are available on the EUCAST website under "Consultations".
#'
#' \itemize{
#' \item{\strong{S} - }{Susceptible, standard dosing regimen: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen", when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.}
#' \item{\strong{I} - }{Susceptible, increased exposure: A microorganism is categorised as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.}
#' \item{\strong{R} - }{Resistant: A microorganism is categorised as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.}
#' }
#'
#' Exposure is a function of how the mode of administration, dose, dosing interval, infusion time, as well as distribution and excretion of the antimicrobial agent will influence the infecting organism at the site of infection.
#'
#' This AMR package honours this new insight. Use \code{\link{portion_SI}} to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and \code{\link{count_SI}} to count susceptible isolates.
#' @return Ordered factor with new class \code{rsi}
#' @keywords rsi
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% desc arrange filter
#' @seealso \code{\link{as.mic}}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @examples
#' rsi_data <- as.rsi(c(rep("S", 474), rep("I", 36), rep("R", 370)))
#' rsi_data <- as.rsi(c(rep("S", 474), rep("I", 36), rep("R", 370), "A", "B", "C"))
#' is.rsi(rsi_data)
#'
#' # this can also coerce combined MIC/RSI values:
#' as.rsi("<= 0.002; S") # will return S
#'
#' # interpret MIC values
#' as.rsi(x = as.mic(2),
#' mo = as.mo("S. pneumoniae"),
#' ab = "AMX",
#' guideline = "EUCAST")
#' as.rsi(x = as.mic(4),
#' mo = as.mo("S. pneumoniae"),
#' ab = "AMX",
#' guideline = "EUCAST")
#'
#' plot(rsi_data) # for percentages
#' barplot(rsi_data) # for frequencies
#'
#' library(clean)
#' freq(rsi_data) # frequency table with informative header
#'
#' # using dplyr's mutate
#' library(dplyr)
#' example_isolates %>%
#' mutate_at(vars(PEN:RIF), as.rsi)
#'
#'
#' # fastest way to transform all columns with already valid AB results to class `rsi`:
#' example_isolates %>%
#' mutate_if(is.rsi.eligible,
#' as.rsi)
#'
#' # default threshold of `is.rsi.eligible` is 5%.
#' is.rsi.eligible(WHONET$`First name`) # fails, >80% is invalid
#' is.rsi.eligible(WHONET$`First name`, threshold = 0.99) # succeeds
as.rsi <- function(x, ...) {
UseMethod("as.rsi")
}
#' @export
as.rsi.default <- function(x, ...) {
if (is.rsi(x)) {
x
} else if (identical(levels(x), c("S", "I", "R"))) {
structure(x, class = c("rsi", "ordered", "factor"))
} else {
x <- x %>% unlist()
x.bak <- x
na_before <- x[is.na(x) | x == ""] %>% length()
# remove all spaces
x <- gsub(" +", "", x)
# remove all MIC-like values: numbers, operators and periods
x <- gsub("[0-9.,;:<=>]+", "", x)
# remove everything between brackets, and 'high' and 'low'
x <- gsub("([(].*[)])", "", x)
x <- gsub("(high|low)", "", x, ignore.case = TRUE)
# disallow more than 3 characters
x[nchar(x) > 3] <- NA
# set to capitals
x <- toupper(x)
# remove all invalid characters
x <- gsub("[^RSI]+", "", x)
# in cases of "S;S" keep S, but in case of "S;I" make it NA
x <- gsub("^S+$", "S", x)
x <- gsub("^I+$", "I", x)
x <- gsub("^R+$", "R", x)
x[!x %in% c("S", "I", "R")] <- NA
na_after <- x[is.na(x) | x == ""] %>% length()
if (!isFALSE(list(...)$warn)) { # so as.rsi(..., warn = FALSE) will never throw a warning
if (na_before != na_after) {
list_missing <- x.bak[is.na(x) & !is.na(x.bak) & x.bak != ""] %>%
unique() %>%
sort()
list_missing <- paste0('"', list_missing, '"', collapse = ", ")
warning(na_after - na_before, " results truncated (",
round(((na_after - na_before) / length(x)) * 100),
"%) that were invalid antimicrobial interpretations: ",
list_missing, call. = FALSE)
}
}
structure(.Data = factor(x, levels = c("S", "I", "R"), ordered = TRUE),
class = c("rsi", "ordered", "factor"))
}
}
input_resembles_mic <- function(x) {
mic <- x %>%
gsub("[^0-9.,]+", "", .) %>%
unique()
mic_valid <- suppressWarnings(as.mic(mic))
result <- sum(!is.na(mic_valid)) / length(mic)
if (is.na(result)) {
0
} else {
result
}
}
#' @rdname as.rsi
#' @importFrom dplyr case_when
#' @export
as.rsi.mic <- function(x, mo, ab, guideline = "EUCAST", ...) {
exec_as.rsi(method = "mic",
x = x,
mo = mo,
ab = ab,
guideline = guideline)
}
#' @rdname as.rsi
#' @export
as.rsi.disk <- function(x, mo, ab, guideline = "EUCAST", ...) {
exec_as.rsi(method = "disk",
x = x,
mo = mo,
ab = ab,
guideline = guideline)
}
exec_as.rsi <- function(method, x, mo, ab, guideline) {
if (method == "mic") {
x <- as.mic(x) # when as.rsi.mic is called directly
} else if (method == "disk") {
x <- as.disk(x) # when as.rsi.disk is called directly
}
mo <- as.mo(mo)
ab <- as.ab(ab)
mo_genus <- as.mo(mo_genus(mo))
mo_family <- as.mo(mo_family(mo))
mo_order <- as.mo(mo_order(mo))
mo_becker <- as.mo(mo, Becker = TRUE)
mo_lancefield <- as.mo(mo, Lancefield = TRUE)
guideline_param <- toupper(guideline)
if (guideline_param %in% c("CLSI", "EUCAST")) {
guideline_param <- AMR::rsi_translation %>%
filter(guideline %like% guideline_param) %>%
pull(guideline) %>%
sort() %>%
rev() %>%
.[1]
}
if (!guideline_param %in% AMR::rsi_translation$guideline) {
stop(paste0("invalid guideline: '", guideline,
"'.\nValid guidelines are: ", paste0("'", rev(sort(unique(AMR::rsi_translation$guideline))), "'", collapse = ", ")),
call. = FALSE)
}
new_rsi <- rep(NA_character_, length(x))
trans <- AMR::rsi_translation %>%
filter(guideline == guideline_param) %>%
mutate(lookup = paste(mo, ab))
lookup_mo <- paste(mo, ab)
lookup_genus <- paste(mo_genus, ab)
lookup_family <- paste(mo_family, ab)
lookup_order <- paste(mo_order, ab)
lookup_becker <- paste(mo_becker, ab)
lookup_lancefield <- paste(mo_lancefield, ab)
for (i in seq_len(length(x))) {
get_record <- trans %>%
filter(lookup %in% c(lookup_mo[i],
lookup_genus[i],
lookup_family[i],
lookup_order[i],
lookup_becker[i],
lookup_lancefield[i])) %>%
# be as specific as possible (i.e. prefer species over genus):
arrange(desc(nchar(mo))) %>%
.[1L, ]
if (NROW(get_record) > 0) {
if (method == "mic") {
new_rsi[i] <- case_when(isTRUE(x[i] <= get_record$S_mic) ~ "S",
isTRUE(x[i] >= get_record$R_mic) ~ "R",
!is.na(get_record$S_mic) & !is.na(get_record$R_mic) ~ "I",
TRUE ~ NA_character_)
} else if (method == "disk") {
new_rsi[i] <- case_when(isTRUE(x[i] >= get_record$S_disk) ~ "S",
isTRUE(x[i] <= get_record$R_disk) ~ "R",
!is.na(get_record$S_disk) & !is.na(get_record$R_disk) ~ "I",
TRUE ~ NA_character_)
}
}
}
structure(.Data = factor(new_rsi, levels = c("S", "I", "R"), ordered = TRUE),
class = c("rsi", "ordered", "factor"))
}
#' @rdname as.rsi
#' @importFrom crayon red blue
#' @export
as.rsi.data.frame <- function(x, col_mo = NULL, guideline = "EUCAST", ...) {
x <- x
ab_cols <- colnames(x)[sapply(x, function(y) is.mic(y) | is.disk(y))]
if (length(ab_cols) == 0) {
stop("No columns with MIC values or disk zones found in this data set. Use as.mic or as.disk to transform antimicrobial columns.", call. = FALSE)
}
# try to find columns based on type
# -- mo
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
col_mo <- search_type_in_df(x = x, type = "mo")
}
if (is.null(col_mo)) {
stop("`col_mo` must be set.", call. = FALSE)
}
# transform all MICs
ab_cols <- colnames(x)[sapply(x, is.mic)]
if (length(ab_cols) > 0) {
for (i in seq_len(length(ab_cols))) {
if (is.na(suppressWarnings(as.ab(ab_cols[i])))) {
message(red(paste0("Unknown drug: `", bold(ab_cols[i]), "`. Rename this column to a drug name or code, and check the output with as.ab().")))
next
}
message(blue(paste0("Interpreting column `", bold(ab_cols[i]), "` (", ab_name(ab_cols[i], tolower = TRUE), ")...")), appendLF = FALSE)
x[, ab_cols[i]] <- exec_as.rsi(method = "mic",
x = x %>% pull(ab_cols[i]),
mo = x %>% pull(col_mo),
ab = as.ab(ab_cols[i]),
guideline = guideline)
message(blue(" OK."))
}
}
# transform all disks
ab_cols <- colnames(x)[sapply(x, is.disk)]
if (length(ab_cols) > 0) {
for (i in seq_len(length(ab_cols))) {
if (is.na(suppressWarnings(as.ab(ab_cols[i])))) {
message(red(paste0("Unknown drug: `", bold(ab_cols[i]), "`. Rename this column to a drug name or code, and check the output with as.ab().")))
next
}
message(blue(paste0("Interpreting column `", bold(ab_cols[i]), "` (", ab_name(ab_cols[i], tolower = TRUE), ")...")), appendLF = FALSE)
x[, ab_cols[i]] <- exec_as.rsi(method = "disk",
x = x %>% pull(ab_cols[i]),
mo = x %>% pull(col_mo),
ab = as.ab(ab_cols[i]),
guideline = guideline)
message(blue(" OK."))
}
}
x
}
#' @rdname as.rsi
#' @export
is.rsi <- function(x) {
identical(class(x),
c("rsi", "ordered", "factor"))
}
#' @rdname as.rsi
#' @export
is.rsi.eligible <- function(x, threshold = 0.05) {
if (NCOL(x) > 1) {
stop("`x` must be a one-dimensional vector.")
}
if (any(c("logical",
"numeric",
"integer",
"mo",
"Date",
"POSIXct",
"rsi",
"raw",
"hms")
%in% class(x))) {
# no transformation needed
FALSE
} else {
x <- x[!is.na(x) & !is.null(x) & !identical(x, "")]
if (length(x) == 0) {
return(FALSE)
}
checked <- suppressWarnings(as.rsi(x))
outcome <- sum(is.na(checked)) / length(x)
outcome <= threshold
}
}
#' @exportMethod print.rsi
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>%
#' @noRd
print.rsi <- function(x, ...) {
cat("Class 'rsi'\n")
print(as.character(x), quote = FALSE)
}
#' @exportMethod droplevels.rsi
#' @export
#' @noRd
droplevels.rsi <- function(x, exclude = if (anyNA(levels(x))) NULL else NA, ...) {
x <- droplevels.factor(x, exclude = exclude, ...)
class(x) <- c("rsi", "ordered", "factor")
x
}
#' @exportMethod summary.rsi
#' @export
#' @noRd
summary.rsi <- function(object, ...) {
x <- object
c(
"Class" = "rsi",
"<NA>" = sum(is.na(x)),
"Sum S" = sum(x == "S", na.rm = TRUE),
"Sum IR" = sum(x %in% c("I", "R"), na.rm = TRUE),
"-Sum R" = sum(x == "R", na.rm = TRUE),
"-Sum I" = sum(x == "I", na.rm = TRUE)
)
}
#' @exportMethod plot.rsi
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% group_by summarise filter mutate if_else n_distinct
#' @importFrom graphics plot text
#' @noRd
plot.rsi <- function(x,
lwd = 2,
ylim = NULL,
ylab = "Percentage",
xlab = "Antimicrobial Interpretation",
main = paste("Susceptibility Analysis of", deparse(substitute(x))),
axes = FALSE,
...) {
suppressWarnings(
data <- data.frame(x = x,
y = 1,
stringsAsFactors = TRUE) %>%
group_by(x) %>%
summarise(n = sum(y)) %>%
filter(!is.na(x)) %>%
mutate(s = round((n / sum(n)) * 100, 1))
)
if (!"S" %in% data$x) {
data <- rbind(data, data.frame(x = "S", n = 0, s = 0))
}
if (!"I" %in% data$x) {
data <- rbind(data, data.frame(x = "I", n = 0, s = 0))
}
if (!"R" %in% data$x) {
data <- rbind(data, data.frame(x = "R", n = 0, s = 0))
}
data$x <- factor(data$x, levels = c("S", "I", "R"), ordered = TRUE)
ymax <- if_else(max(data$s) > 95, 105, 100)
plot(x = data$x,
y = data$s,
lwd = lwd,
ylim = c(0, ymax),
ylab = ylab,
xlab = xlab,
main = main,
axes = axes,
...)
# x axis
axis(side = 1, at = 1:n_distinct(data$x), labels = levels(data$x), lwd = 0)
# y axis, 0-100%
axis(side = 2, at = seq(0, 100, 5))
text(x = data$x,
y = data$s + 4,
labels = paste0(data$s, "% (n = ", data$n, ")"))
}
#' @exportMethod barplot.rsi
#' @export
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% group_by summarise
#' @importFrom graphics barplot axis par
#' @noRd
barplot.rsi <- function(height,
col = c("green3", "orange2", "red3"),
xlab = ifelse(beside, "Antimicrobial Interpretation", ""),
main = paste("Susceptibility Analysis of", deparse(substitute(height))),
ylab = "Frequency",
beside = TRUE,
axes = beside,
...) {
if (axes == TRUE) {
par(mar = c(5, 4, 4, 2) + 0.1)
} else {
par(mar = c(2, 4, 4, 2) + 0.1)
}
barplot(as.matrix(table(height)),
col = col,
xlab = xlab,
main = main,
ylab = ylab,
beside = beside,
axes = FALSE,
...)
# y axis, 0-100%
axis(side = 2, at = seq(0, max(table(height)) + max(table(height)) * 1.1, by = 25))
if (axes == TRUE && beside == TRUE) {
axis(side = 1, labels = levels(height), at = c(1, 2, 3) + 0.5, lwd = 0)
}
}
#' @importFrom pillar type_sum
#' @export
type_sum.rsi <- function(x) {
"rsi"
}
#' @importFrom pillar pillar_shaft
#' @importFrom crayon bgGreen bgYellow bgRed white black
#' @export
pillar_shaft.rsi <- function(x, ...) {
out <- trimws(format(x))
out[is.na(x)] <- pillar::style_subtle(" NA")
out[x == "S"] <- bgGreen(white(" S "))
out[x == "I"] <- bgYellow(black(" I "))
out[x == "R"] <- bgRed(white(" R "))
pillar::new_pillar_shaft_simple(out, align = "left", min_width = 3)
}
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@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' @importFrom rlang enquos as_label
dots2vars <- function(...) {
# this function is to give more informative output about
# variable names in count_* and portion_* functions
paste(
unlist(
lapply(enquos(...),
function(x) {
l <- as_label(x)
if (l != ".") {
l
} else {
character(0)
}
})
),
collapse = ", ")
}
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% pull all_vars any_vars filter_all funs mutate_all
# @importFrom clean percentage
rsi_calc <- function(...,
ab_result,
minimum = 0,
as_percent = FALSE,
only_all_tested = FALSE,
only_count = FALSE) {
data_vars <- dots2vars(...)
if (!is.numeric(minimum)) {
stop("`minimum` must be numeric", call. = FALSE)
}
if (!is.logical(as_percent)) {
stop("`as_percent` must be logical", call. = FALSE)
}
if (!is.logical(only_all_tested)) {
stop("`only_all_tested` must be logical", call. = FALSE)
}
dots_df <- ...elt(1) # it needs this evaluation
dots <- base::eval(base::substitute(base::alist(...)))
if ("also_single_tested" %in% names(dots)) {
stop("`also_single_tested` was replaced by `only_all_tested`. Please read Details in the help page (`?portion`) as this may have a considerable impact on your analysis.", call. = FALSE)
}
ndots <- length(dots)
if ("data.frame" %in% class(dots_df)) {
# data.frame passed with other columns, like: example_isolates %>% portion_S(amcl, gent)
dots <- as.character(dots)
dots <- dots[dots != "."]
if (length(dots) == 0 | all(dots == "df")) {
# for complete data.frames, like example_isolates %>% select(amcl, gent) %>% portion_S()
# and the old rsi function, that has "df" as name of the first parameter
x <- dots_df
} else {
x <- dots_df[, dots]
}
} else if (ndots == 1) {
# only 1 variable passed (can also be data.frame), like: portion_S(example_isolates$amcl) and example_isolates$amcl %>% portion_S()
x <- dots_df
} else {
# multiple variables passed without pipe, like: portion_S(example_isolates$amcl, example_isolates$gent)
x <- NULL
try(x <- as.data.frame(dots), silent = TRUE)
if (is.null(x)) {
# support for: with(example_isolates, portion_S(amcl, gent))
x <- as.data.frame(rlang::list2(...))
}
}
if (is.null(x)) {
warning("argument is NULL (check if columns exist): returning NA", call. = FALSE)
return(NA)
}
print_warning <- FALSE
ab_result <- as.rsi(ab_result)
if (is.data.frame(x)) {
rsi_integrity_check <- character(0)
for (i in seq_len(ncol(x))) {
# check integrity of columns: force rsi class
if (!is.rsi(x %>% pull(i))) {
rsi_integrity_check <- c(rsi_integrity_check, x %>% pull(i) %>% as.character())
x[, i] <- suppressWarnings(x %>% pull(i) %>% as.rsi()) # warning will be given later
print_warning <- TRUE
}
}
if (length(rsi_integrity_check) > 0) {
# this will give a warning for invalid results, of all input columns (so only 1 warning)
rsi_integrity_check <- as.rsi(rsi_integrity_check)
}
if (only_all_tested == TRUE) {
# THE NUMBER OF ISOLATES WHERE *ALL* ABx ARE S/I/R
x <- apply(X = x %>% mutate_all(as.integer),
MARGIN = 1,
FUN = base::min)
numerator <- sum(as.integer(x) %in% as.integer(ab_result), na.rm = TRUE)
denominator <- length(x) - sum(is.na(x))
} else {
# THE NUMBER OF ISOLATES WHERE *ANY* ABx IS S/I/R
other_values <- base::setdiff(c(NA, levels(ab_result)), ab_result)
other_values_filter <- base::apply(x, 1, function(y) {
base::all(y %in% other_values) & base::any(is.na(y))
})
numerator <- x %>% filter_all(any_vars(. %in% ab_result)) %>% nrow()
denominator <- x %>% filter(!other_values_filter) %>% nrow()
}
} else {
# x is not a data.frame
if (!is.rsi(x)) {
x <- as.rsi(x)
print_warning <- TRUE
}
numerator <- sum(x %in% ab_result, na.rm = TRUE)
denominator <- sum(x %in% levels(ab_result), na.rm = TRUE)
}
if (print_warning == TRUE) {
warning("Increase speed by transforming to class `rsi` on beforehand: df %>% mutate_if(is.rsi.eligible, as.rsi)",
call. = FALSE)
}
if (only_count == TRUE) {
return(numerator)
}
if (denominator < minimum) {
if (data_vars != "") {
data_vars <- paste(" for", data_vars)
}
warning("Introducing NA: only ", denominator, " results available", data_vars, " (`minimum` was set to ", minimum, ").", call. = FALSE)
fraction <- NA
} else {
fraction <- numerator / denominator
}
if (as_percent == TRUE) {
percentage(fraction, digits = 1)
} else {
fraction
}
}
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% summarise_if mutate select everything bind_rows
#' @importFrom tidyr gather
rsi_calc_df <- function(type, # "portion" or "count"
data,
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE,
combine_SI_missing = FALSE) {
if (!"data.frame" %in% class(data)) {
stop(paste0("`", type, "_df` must be called on a data.frame"), call. = FALSE)
}
if (isTRUE(combine_IR) & isTRUE(combine_SI_missing)) {
combine_SI <- FALSE
}
if (isTRUE(combine_SI) & isTRUE(combine_IR)) {
stop("either `combine_SI` or `combine_IR` can be TRUE, not both", call. = FALSE)
}
if (!any(sapply(data, is.rsi), na.rm = TRUE)) {
stop("No columns with class 'rsi' found. See ?as.rsi.", call. = FALSE)
}
if (as.character(translate_ab) %in% c("TRUE", "official")) {
translate_ab <- "name"
}
get_summaryfunction <- function(int, type) {
# look for portion_S, count_S, etc:
int_fn <- get(paste0(type, "_", int), envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
if (type == "portion") {
summ <- summarise_if(.tbl = data,
.predicate = is.rsi,
.funs = int_fn,
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent)
} else if (type == "count") {
summ <- summarise_if(.tbl = data,
.predicate = is.rsi,
.funs = int_fn)
}
summ %>%
mutate(interpretation = int) %>%
select(interpretation, everything())
}
resS <- get_summaryfunction("S", type)
resI <- get_summaryfunction("I", type)
resR <- get_summaryfunction("R", type)
resSI <- get_summaryfunction("SI", type)
resIR <- get_summaryfunction("IR", type)
data.groups <- group_vars(data)
if (isFALSE(combine_SI) & isFALSE(combine_IR)) {
res <- bind_rows(resS, resI, resR) %>%
mutate(interpretation = factor(interpretation,
levels = c("S", "I", "R"),
ordered = TRUE))
} else if (isTRUE(combine_IR)) {
res <- bind_rows(resS, resIR) %>%
mutate(interpretation = factor(interpretation,
levels = c("S", "IR"),
ordered = TRUE))
} else if (isTRUE(combine_SI)) {
res <- bind_rows(resSI, resR) %>%
mutate(interpretation = factor(interpretation,
levels = c("SI", "R"),
ordered = TRUE))
}
res <- res %>%
gather(antibiotic, value, -interpretation, -data.groups) %>%
select(antibiotic, everything())
if (!translate_ab == FALSE) {
res <- res %>% mutate(antibiotic = AMR::ab_property(antibiotic, property = translate_ab, language = language))
}
res
}
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@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' @rdname portion
#' @rdname count
#' @export
rsi_df <- function(data,
translate_ab = "name",
language = get_locale(),
minimum = 30,
as_percent = FALSE,
combine_SI = TRUE,
combine_IR = FALSE) {
portions <- rsi_calc_df(type = "portion",
data = data,
translate_ab = translate_ab,
language = language,
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
combine_SI = combine_SI,
combine_IR = combine_IR,
combine_SI_missing = missing(combine_SI))
counts <- rsi_calc_df(type = "count",
data = data,
translate_ab = FALSE,
language = "en",
minimum = minimum,
as_percent = as_percent,
combine_SI = combine_SI,
combine_IR = combine_IR,
combine_SI_missing = missing(combine_SI))
data.frame(portions,
isolates = counts$value,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
}
-62
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@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Skewness of the sample
#'
#' @description Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean.
#'
#' When negative: the left tail is longer; the mass of the distribution is concentrated on the right of the figure. When positive: the right tail is longer; the mass of the distribution is concentrated on the left of the figure.
#' @param x a vector of values, a \code{matrix} or a \code{data frame}
#' @param na.rm a logical value indicating whether \code{NA} values should be stripped before the computation proceeds.
#' @exportMethod skewness
#' @seealso \code{\link{kurtosis}}
#' @rdname skewness
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @export
skewness <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
UseMethod("skewness")
}
#' @exportMethod skewness.default
#' @rdname skewness
#' @export
skewness.default <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
x <- as.vector(x)
if (na.rm == TRUE) {
x <- x[!is.na(x)]
}
n <- length(x)
(base::sum((x - base::mean(x))^3) / n) / (base::sum((x - base::mean(x)) ^ 2) / n) ^ (3 / 2)
}
#' @exportMethod skewness.matrix
#' @rdname skewness
#' @export
skewness.matrix <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
base::apply(x, 2, skewness.default, na.rm = na.rm)
}
#' @exportMethod skewness.data.frame
#' @rdname skewness
#' @export
skewness.data.frame <- function(x, na.rm = FALSE) {
base::sapply(x, skewness.default, na.rm = na.rm)
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' Translate strings from AMR package
#'
#' For language-dependent output of AMR functions, like \code{\link{mo_name}}, \code{\link{mo_type}} and \code{\link{ab_name}}.
#' @details Strings will be translated to foreign languages if they are defined in a local translation file. Additions to this file can be suggested at our repository. The file can be found here: \url{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/data-raw/translations.tsv}.
#'
#' Currently supported languages can be found if running: \code{unique(AMR:::translations_file$lang)}.
#'
#' Please suggest your own translations \href{https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues/new?issue[title]=Translation\%20suggestion}{by creating a new issue on our repository}.
#'
#' This file will be read by all functions where a translated output can be desired, like all \code{\link{mo_property}} functions (\code{\link{mo_fullname}}, \code{\link{mo_type}}, etc.).
#'
#' The system language will be used at default, if that language is supported. The system language can be overwritten with \code{\link{getOption}("AMR_locale")}.
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @rdname translate
#' @name translate
#' @export
#' @examples
#' # The 'language' parameter of below functions
#' # will be set automatically to your system language
#' # with get_locale()
#'
#' # English
#' mo_name("CoNS", language = "en")
#' #> "Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS)"
#'
#' # German
#' mo_name("CoNS", language = "de")
#' #> "Koagulase-negative Staphylococcus (KNS)"
#'
#' # Dutch
#' mo_name("CoNS", language = "nl")
#' #> "Coagulase-negatieve Staphylococcus (CNS)"
#'
#' # Spanish
#' mo_name("CoNS", language = "es")
#' #> "Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo (SCN)"
#'
#' # Italian
#' mo_name("CoNS", language = "it")
#' #> "Staphylococcus negativo coagulasi (CoNS)"
#'
#' # Portuguese
#' mo_name("CoNS", language = "pt")
#' #> "Staphylococcus coagulase negativo (CoNS)"
get_locale <- function() {
if (!is.null(getOption("AMR_locale", default = NULL))) {
return(getOption("AMR_locale"))
}
lang <- Sys.getlocale("LC_COLLATE")
# Check the locale settings for a start with one of these languages:
# grepl() with ignore.case = FALSE is faster than %like%
if (grepl("^(English|en_|EN_)", lang, ignore.case = FALSE)) {
# as first option to optimise speed
"en"
} else if (grepl("^(German|Deutsch|de_|DE_)", lang, ignore.case = FALSE)) {
"de"
} else if (grepl("^(Dutch|Nederlands|nl_|NL_)", lang, ignore.case = FALSE)) {
"nl"
} else if (grepl("^(Spanish|Espa.ol|es_|ES_)", lang, ignore.case = FALSE)) {
"es"
} else if (grepl("^(Italian|Italiano|it_|IT_)", lang, ignore.case = FALSE)) {
"it"
} else if (grepl("^(French|Fran.ais|fr_|FR_)", lang, ignore.case = FALSE)) {
"fr"
} else if (grepl("^(Portuguese|Portugu.s|pt_|PT_)", lang, ignore.case = FALSE)) {
"pt"
} else {
# other language -> set to English
"en"
}
}
# translate strings based on inst/translations.tsv
#' @importFrom dplyr %>% filter
translate_AMR <- function(from, language = get_locale(), only_unknown = FALSE) {
if (is.null(language)) {
return(from)
}
if (language %in% c("en", "", NA)) {
return(from)
}
df_trans <- translations_file # internal data file
if (!language %in% df_trans$lang) {
stop("Unsupported language: '", language, "' - use one of: ",
paste0("'", sort(unique(df_trans$lang)), "'", collapse = ", "),
call. = FALSE)
}
df_trans <- df_trans %>% filter(lang == language)
if (only_unknown == TRUE) {
df_trans <- df_trans %>% filter(pattern %like% "unknown")
}
# default case sensitive if value if 'ignore.case' is missing:
df_trans$ignore.case[is.na(df_trans$ignore.case)] <- FALSE
# default not using regular expressions (fixed = TRUE) if 'fixed' is missing:
df_trans$fixed[is.na(df_trans$fixed)] <- TRUE
# check if text to look for is in one of the patterns
any_form_in_patterns <- tryCatch(any(from %like% paste0("(", paste(df_trans$pattern, collapse = "|"), ")")),
error = function(e) {
warning("Translation not possible. Please open an issue on GitLab (https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/issues) or GitHub (https://github.com/msberends/AMR/issues).", call. = FALSE)
return(FALSE)
})
if (NROW(df_trans) == 0 | !any_form_in_patterns) {
return(from)
}
for (i in seq_len(nrow(df_trans))) {
from <- gsub(x = from,
pattern = df_trans$pattern[i],
replacement = df_trans$replacement[i],
fixed = df_trans$fixed[i],
ignore.case = df_trans$ignore.case[i])
}
# force UTF-8 for diacritics
base::enc2utf8(from)
}
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' WHOCC: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology
#'
#' All antimicrobial drugs and their official names, ATC codes, ATC groups and defined daily dose (DDD) are included in this package, using the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.
#' @section WHOCC:
#' \if{html}{\figure{logo_who.png}{options: height=60px style=margin-bottom:5px} \cr}
#' This package contains \strong{all ~450 antimicrobial drugs} and their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes, ATC groups and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC, \url{https://www.whocc.no}) and the Pharmaceuticals Community Register of the European Commission (\url{http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/atc.htm}).
#'
#' These have become the gold standard for international drug utilisation monitoring and research.
#'
#' The WHOCC is located in Oslo at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and funded by the Norwegian government. The European Commission is the executive of the European Union and promotes its general interest.
#'
#' \strong{NOTE: The WHOCC copyright does not allow use for commercial purposes, unlike any other info from this package. See \url{https://www.whocc.no/copyright_disclaimer/}.}
#' @inheritSection AMR Read more on our website!
#' @name WHOCC
#' @rdname WHOCC
#' @examples
#' as.ab("meropenem")
#' ab_name("J01DH02")
#'
#' ab_tradenames("flucloxacillin")
NULL
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
#' @importFrom data.table as.data.table setkey
.onLoad <- function(libname, pkgname) {
# get new functions not available in older versions of R
backports::import(pkgname)
# register data
microorganisms.oldDT <- as.data.table(AMR::microorganisms.old)
# for fullname_lower: keep only dots, letters, numbers, slashes, spaces and dashes
microorganisms.oldDT$fullname_lower <- gsub("[^.a-z0-9/ \\-]+", "", tolower(microorganisms.oldDT$fullname))
setkey(microorganisms.oldDT, prevalence, fullname)
assign(x = "microorganismsDT",
value = make_DT(),
envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
assign(x = "microorganisms.oldDT",
value = microorganisms.oldDT,
envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
assign(x = "mo_codes_v0.5.0",
value = make_trans_tbl(),
envir = asNamespace("AMR"))
}
# maybe add survey later: "https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/AMR_for_R"
#' @importFrom data.table as.data.table setkey
make_DT <- function() {
microorganismsDT <- as.data.table(AMR::microorganisms %>%
mutate(kingdom_index = case_when(kingdom == "Bacteria" ~ 1,
kingdom == "Fungi" ~ 2,
kingdom == "Protozoa" ~ 3,
kingdom == "Archaea" ~ 4,
TRUE ~ 6)))
# for fullname_lower: keep only dots, letters, numbers, slashes, spaces and dashes
microorganismsDT$fullname_lower <- gsub("[^.a-z0-9/ \\-]+", "", tolower(microorganismsDT$fullname))
setkey(microorganismsDT,
prevalence,
kingdom_index,
fullname)
microorganismsDT
}
make_trans_tbl <- function() {
# conversion of old MO codes from v0.5.0 (ITIS) to later versions (Catalogue of Life)
c(B_ACHRMB = "B_ACHRM", B_ANNMA = "B_ACTNS", B_ACLLS = "B_ALCYC",
B_AHNGM = "B_ARCHN", B_ARMTM = "B_ARMTMN", B_ARTHR = "B_ARTHRB", B_ARTHRS = "B_ARTHR",
B_APHLS = "B_AZRHZP", B_BRCHA = "B_BRCHY", B_BCTRM = "B_BRVBCT",
B_CLRBCT = "B_CLRBC", B_CTRDM = "B_CLSTR", B_CPRMM = "B_CYLND",
B_DLCLN = "B_DPLCL", B_DMCLM = "B_DSLFT", B_DSLFVB = "B_DSLFV",
B_FCTRM = "B_FSBCT", B_GNRLA = "B_GRDNR", B_HNRBM = "B_HLNRB",
B_HPHGA = "B_HNPHGA", B_HCCCS = "B_HYDRC", B_MCRCLS = "B_MCRCL",
B_MTHYLS = "B_MLSMA", B_MARCLS = "B_MRCLS", B_MGCLS = "B_MSTGC",
B_MCLLA = "B_MTHYLC", B_MYCPLS = "B_MYCPL", B_NBCTR = "B_NTRBC",
B_OCLLS = "B_OCNBC", B_PTHRX = "B_PLNKT", B_PCCCS = "B_PRCHL",
B_PSPHN = "B_PRPHY", B_PDMNS = "B_PSDMN", B_SCCHRP = "B_SCCHR",
B_SRBCTR = "B_SHRBCTR", B_STRPTC = "B_STRPT", B_SHMNS = "B_SYNTR",
B_TRBCTR = "B_THRMN", P_ALBMN = "C_ABMNA", F_ACHLY = "C_ACHLY",
P_ACINT = "C_ACINT", P_ARTCL = "C_ACLNA", P_ACRVL = "C_ACRVL",
P_ADRCT = "C_ADRCT", P_AMPHS = "C_AHSRS", F_ALBUG = "C_ALBUG",
P_ALCNT = "C_ALCNT", P_ALFRD = "C_ALFRD", P_ALLGR = "C_ALLGR",
P_AMPHL = "C_ALPTS", F_ALTHR = "C_ALTHR", P_AMLLA = "C_AMLLA",
P_ANMLN = "C_AMLNA", P_AMMBC = "C_AMMBC", P_AMMDS = "C_AMMDS",
P_AMMLG = "C_AMMLG", P_AMMMR = "C_AMMMR", P_AMMMS = "C_AMMMS",
P_AMMON = "C_AMMON", P_AMMSC = "C_AMMSC", P_AMMSP = "C_AMMSP",
P_AMMST = "C_AMMST", P_AMMTM = "C_AMMTM", F_AMYCS = "C_AMYCS",
P_ANARM = "C_ANARM", P_ANGLD = "C_ANGLD", P_ANGLG = "C_ANGLG",
P_ANNLC = "C_ANNLC", F_ANSLP = "C_ANSLP", F_APDCH = "C_APDCH",
F_APHND = "C_APHND", F_APLNC = "C_APLNC", F_AQLND = "C_AQLND",
P_ARCHS = "C_ARCHAS", P_ASTRN = "C_ARNNN", P_ARNPR = "C_ARNPR",
F_ARSPR = "C_ARSPR", P_ARTST = "C_ARTSTR", P_AMPHC = "C_ARYNA",
P_ASCHM = "C_ASCHM", P_ASPDS = "C_ASPDS", P_ASTCL = "C_ASTCL",
P_ASTRG = "C_ASTRGR", P_ASTRM = "C_ASTRMM", P_ASTRR = "C_ASTRR",
P_ASTRT = "C_ASTRTR", F_ATKNS = "C_ATKNS", F_AYLLA = "C_AYLLA",
P_BAGGN = "C_BAGGN", P_BCCLL = "C_BCCLL", P_BDLLD = "C_BDLLD",
P_BGNRN = "C_BGNRN", P_BLCLN = "C_BLCLN", P_BLMND = "C_BLMND",
P_BLMNL = "C_BLMNL", P_BLPHR = "C_BLPHR", P_BLVNT = "C_BLVNT",
P_BOLVN = "C_BOLVN", P_BORLS = "C_BORLS", P_BRNNM = "C_BRNNM",
P_BRSLN = "C_BRSLN", P_BRSRD = "C_BRSRD", F_BRVLG = "C_BRVLG",
F_BNLLA = "C_BRVLGN", P_BSCCM = "C_BSCCM", F_BSDPH = "C_BSDPH",
P_BTHYS = "C_BTHYS", P_BTLLN = "C_BTLLN", P_BULMN = "C_BULMN",
P_CCLDM = "C_CCLDM", P_CDNLL = "C_CDNLL", P_CLPSS = "C_CDNLLP",
P_CHLDN = "C_CHLDNL", P_CHLST = "C_CHLST", P_CHNLM = "C_CHNLM",
P_CHRYS = "C_CHRYSL", P_CHTSP = "C_CHTSP", P_CBCDS = "C_CIBCDS",
P_CLCRN = "C_CLCRN", P_CLMNA = "C_CLMNA", P_CLPDM = "C_CLPDM",
P_CLPHR = "C_CLPHRY", P_CLVLN = "C_CLVLN", P_CMPNL = "C_CMPNL",
P_CNCRS = "C_CNCRS", P_CNTCH = "C_CNTCH", F_CNTRM = "C_CNTRMY",
P_COLPD = "C_COLPD", P_COLPS = "C_COLPS", P_CPRDS = "C_CPRDS",
P_CRNSP = "C_CPRMA", P_CRBNL = "C_CRBNL", P_CRBRB = "C_CRBRB",
P_CRBRG = "C_CRBRG", P_CRBRS = "C_CRBRS", P_CRCHS = "C_CRCHS",
P_CRCLC = "C_CRCLC", P_CRNLC = "C_CRNLC", P_CRNTH = "C_CRNTH",
P_CRPNT = "C_CRPNT", P_CRSTG = "C_CRSTG", P_CRTHN = "C_CRTHN",
P_CRTRN = "C_CRTRN", P_CYMBL = "C_CRTTA", P_CRYPT = "C_CRYPT",
P_CSHMN = "C_CSHMNL", P_CSSDL = "C_CSSDL", P_CLNDS = "C_CSSDLN",
P_CHRNA = "C_CTHRN", P_CTPSS = "C_CTPSS", P_CUNLN = "C_CUNLN",
P_CYLND = "C_CVLNA", P_CYCLC = "C_CYCLCB", P_CDNTA = "C_CYCLD",
P_CYCLG = "C_CYCLG", P_CYCLM = "C_CYCLM", P_CYRTL = "C_CYRTL",
P_CYSTM = "C_CYSTM", P_DCHLM = "C_DCHLM", P_DCRBS = "C_DCRBS",
P_DCTYC = "C_DCTYC", P_DIDNM = "C_DIDNM", P_DLPTS = "C_DLPTS",
P_DNTLN = "C_DNTLN", P_DNTST = "C_DNTST", P_DORTH = "C_DORTH",
P_DCTYP = "C_DPHMS", F_DPLCY = "C_DPLCY", P_DNDRT = "C_DRTNA",
P_DSCMM = "C_DSCMM", P_DSCRB = "C_DSCRB", P_DSCRN = "C_DSCRN",
P_DSCSP = "C_DSCSP", P_DSNBR = "C_DSNBR", P_DYCBC = "C_DYCBC",
F_DCTYC = "C_DYCHS", F_ECTRG = "C_ECTRG", B_EDWRD = "C_EDWRD",
P_EGGRL = "C_EGGRL", P_EHLYS = "C_EHLYS", P_EHRNB = "C_EHRNB",
P_ELPHD = "C_ELPHD", P_ENCHL = "C_ELYDM", P_EPHDM = "C_EPHDM",
P_EPLTS = "C_EPLTS", P_EPLXL = "C_EPLXL", P_EPNDL = "C_EPNDL",
P_EPNDS = "C_EPNDS", P_ENLLA = "C_EPSTM", P_EPSTY = "C_EPSTY",
F_ERYCH = "C_ERYCH", F_ESMDM = "C_ESMDM", P_ESSYR = "C_ESSYR",
P_FSCHR = "C_FHRNA", P_FLRLS = "C_FLRLS", P_FLNTN = "C_FNTNA",
P_FRNDC = "C_FRNDC", P_FRNTN = "C_FRNTN", P_FRSNK = "C_FRSNK",
P_FNLLA = "C_FSCHRN", P_FSSRN = "C_FSSRN", P_FVCSS = "C_FVCSS",
P_GDRYN = "C_GDRYN", F_GELGN = "C_GELGN", P_GERDA = "C_GERDA",
P_GLACM = "C_GLACM", P_GLBBL = "C_GLBBL", P_GLBGR = "C_GLBGR",
P_GLBLN = "C_GLBLN", P_GRTLA = "C_GLBRT", P_GLBTX = "C_GLBTX",
P_GLLNA = "C_GLLNA", P_GLMSP = "C_GLMSP", P_GLNDL = "C_GLNDL",
F_GNMCH = "C_GNMCH", P_GOSLL = "C_GOSLL", P_GRNDS = "C_GRNDS",
P_GRNTA = "C_GRNTA", P_GLBRT = "C_GTLLA", P_GTTLN = "C_GTTLN",
P_GVLNP = "C_GVLNP", P_GYPSN = "C_GYPSN", P_GYRDN = "C_GYRDN",
P_HALTR = "C_HALTR", P_HANZW = "C_HANZW", P_HAURN = "C_HAURN",
P_HELNN = "C_HELNN", P_HLPHR = "C_HHRYA", P_HLNTA = "C_HLNTA",
F_HLPHT = "C_HLPHT", P_HLSTC = "C_HLSTC", P_HMSPH = "C_HMSPH",
P_HMTRM = "C_HMTRM", P_HPKNS = "C_HPKNS", P_HPLPH = "C_HPLPH",
P_HPPCR = "C_HPPCR", P_HNLLA = "C_HPPCRP", P_HRMSN = "C_HRMSN",
P_HRNLL = "C_HRNLL", F_HRPCH = "C_HRPCH", P_HSTGR = "C_HSTGR",
P_HSTTL = "C_HSTTL", P_HTRST = "C_HTGNA", P_HTRLL = "C_HTRLL",
P_HTRPH = "C_HTRPH", F_HYPHC = "C_HYPHC", P_HYPRM = "C_HYPRM",
P_INTRN = "C_INTRN", P_IRIDI = "C_IRIDI", P_ISLND = "C_ISLND",
P_JCLLL = "C_JCLLL", P_KHLLL = "C_KHLLL", P_KRNPS = "C_KRNPS",
P_KRRRL = "C_KRRRL", P_LABOE = "C_LABOE", P_LAGEN = "C_LAGEN",
P_LBSLL = "C_LBSLL", F_LTHLA = "C_LBYRN", P_LCRYM = "C_LCRYM",
P_LEMBS = "C_LEMBS", F_LGNDM = "C_LGNDM", P_LGNMM = "C_LGNMM",
P_LGNPH = "C_LGNPHR", F_LGNSM = "C_LGNSM", P_LGYNP = "C_LGYNP",
P_LITTB = "C_LITTB", P_LITUL = "C_LITUL", P_LMBDN = "C_LMBDN",
P_LMRCK = "C_LMRCK", F_LBYRN = "C_LMYXA", P_LNGLN = "C_LNGLN",
P_LNTCL = "C_LNTCL", P_LOXDS = "C_LOXDS", F_LPTLG = "C_LPTLG",
F_LNLLA = "C_LPTLGN", F_LPTMT = "C_LPTMT", P_LRYNG = "C_LRYNG",
P_LTCRN = "C_LTCRN", P_LTHPL = "C_LTHPL", P_LTNTS = "C_LTNTS",
F_LTRST = "C_LTRST", P_LXPHY = "C_LXPHY", P_MCRTH = "C_MCRTH",
P_MELNS = "C_MELNS", P_MSDNM = "C_MESDNM", P_METPS = "C_METPS",
P_MIMSN = "C_MIMSN", P_MINCN = "C_MINCN", P_MLLNL = "C_MLLNL",
P_MLMMN = "C_MLMMN", F_MNDNL = "C_MNDNL", P_MNLYS = "C_MNLYS",
P_MNPSS = "C_MNPSS", P_MRGNL = "C_MRGNL", P_MRGNP = "C_MRGNP",
P_MRSPL = "C_MRSPL", P_MRTNT = "C_MRTNT", P_MSSLN = "C_MSSLN",
P_MSSSS = "C_MSSSS", P_MTCNT = "C_MTCNT", P_MYCHS = "C_MYCHS",
P_MYSCH = "C_MYSCH", F_MYZCY = "C_MYZCY", P_NASSL = "C_NASSL",
P_NBCLN = "C_NBCLN", P_NBCLR = "C_NBCLR", P_NCNRB = "C_NCNRB",
P_NDBCL = "C_NDBCL", P_NRLLA = "C_NDBCLR", P_NMMLC = "C_NMMLC",
F_NMTPH = "C_NMTPH", P_NNNLL = "C_NNNLL", P_NODSR = "C_NODSR",
P_NONIN = "C_NONIN", P_NOURI = "C_NOURI", P_OCLNA = "C_OCLNA",
P_OGLNA = "C_OGLNA", P_OPHTH = "C_OLMDM", F_OLPDP = "C_OLPDP",
P_ONYCH = "C_OMPSS", P_OOLIN = "C_OOLIN", P_OPRCL = "C_OPRCL",
P_ORBLN = "C_ORBLN", F_ORCAD = "C_ORCAD", P_ORDRS = "C_ORDRS",
P_OPHRY = "C_ORYDM", P_OSNGL = "C_OSNGL", P_OXYTR = "C_OXYTR",
P_PARRN = "C_PARRN", P_PATRS = "C_PATRS", P_PAVNN = "C_PAVNN",
P_PTYCH = "C_PCYLS", P_PDPHR = "C_PDPHR", P_PELSN = "C_PELSN",
F_PHGMY = "C_PHGMY", F_PSDSP = "C_PHRTA", P_PHRYG = "C_PHRYG",
P_PHYSL = "C_PHYSL", F_PHYTP = "C_PHYTP", P_PLACS = "C_PLACS",
P_PLCPS = "C_PLCPS", P_PLCPSL = "C_PLCPSL", P_PLCTN = "C_PLCTN",
P_PLGPH = "C_PLGPH", B_PLGTH = "C_PLGTH", P_PLMRN = "C_PLMRN",
P_PLNCT = "C_PLNCT", P_PLNDSC = "C_PLNDSC", P_PLNGY = "C_PLNGY",
P_PLNRBL = "C_PLNLLA", P_PLNLN = "C_PLNLN", P_PLNLR = "C_PLNLR",
P_PLNRB = "C_PLNRB", P_PLNSP = "C_PLNSPR", P_PLRNM = "C_PLRNM",
P_PLRST = "C_PLRST", P_PLRTR = "C_PLRTR", F_PLSMD = "C_PLSMD",
P_PLTYC = "C_PLTYC", P_PSDBL = "C_PLVNA", P_PLYMR = "C_PLYMR",
P_PLTYN = "C_PNMTM", P_PNRPL = "C_PNRPL", F_PNTSM = "C_PNTSM",
P_PRCNT = "C_PRCNT", P_PRFSS = "C_PRFSS", P_PRMCM = "C_PRMCUM",
F_PRNSP = "C_PRNSP", P_PRPND = "C_PRPND", P_PRPYX = "C_PRPYX",
P_PRRDN = "C_PRRDN", P_PSDDF = "C_PSDDF", P_PSDMC = "C_PSDMC",
P_PSDND = "C_PSDND", P_PSDNN = "C_PSDNN", P_PSDPL = "C_PSDPLY",
P_PSMMS = "C_PSMMS", P_PTLLN = "C_PTLLN", P_PTLLND = "C_PTLLND",
F_PTRSN = "C_PTRSN", P_PULLN = "C_PULLN", P_PUTLN = "C_PUTLN",
P_PRTTR = "C_PYMNA", P_PYRGL = "C_PYRGL", P_PYRGO = "C_PYRGO",
P_PYRLN = "C_PYRLN", F_PYTHM = "C_PYTHIM", F_PYTHL = "C_PYTHL",
P_PYXCL = "C_PYXCL", P_QNQLC = "C_QNQLC", P_RAMLN = "C_RAMLN",
P_RBRTN = "C_RBRTN", P_RCRVD = "C_RCRVD", P_RCTBL = "C_RCTBL",
P_RCTCB = "C_RCTCB", P_RCTGL = "C_RCTGL", P_RCTVG = "C_RCTVG",
P_RDGDR = "C_RDGDR", P_REMNC = "C_REMNC", P_REPHX = "C_REPHX",
P_RHBDM = "C_RHBDMM", F_RHBDS = "C_RHBDSP", P_RHPDD = "C_RHPDD",
F_RHPDM = "C_RHPDM", F_RHZDMY = "C_RHZDM", P_RHZMM = "C_RHZMM",
P_RIVRN = "C_RIVRN", P_ROSLN = "C_ROSLN", P_ROTAL = "C_ROTAL",
P_RPHDP = "C_RPHDP", P_RPRTN = "C_RPRTN", P_RSSLL = "C_RSSLL",
P_RTLMM = "C_RTLMM", P_RTYLA = "C_RTYLA", P_RUGID = "C_RUGID",
F_RZLLP = "C_RZLLP", P_SAGRN = "C_SAGRN", P_SCCMM = "C_SCCMM",
P_SCCRH = "C_SCCRH", P_SCHLM = "C_SCHLM", F_SCLRS = "C_SCLRS",
P_SCTLR = "C_SCTLR", P_SEBRK = "C_SEBRK", P_SGMLN = "C_SGMLN",
P_SGMLP = "C_SGMLP", P_SGMMR = "C_SGMMR", P_SGMVR = "C_SGMVR",
F_SMMRS = "C_SMMRS", P_SNNDS = "C_SNNDS", P_SORTS = "C_SORTS",
P_SPHGN = "C_SPHGN", P_SPHNN = "C_SPHNN", P_SNLLA = "C_SPHNNL",
P_SPHTR = "C_SPHTR", P_SPHTX = "C_SPHTX", P_SPHVG = "C_SPHVG",
P_SPRDT = "C_SPRDT", P_SPRLC = "C_SPRLC", F_SPRLG = "C_SPRLG",
P_SPRLL = "C_SPRLL", F_SPRMY = "C_SPRMY", P_SPRPL = "C_SPRPL",
P_SPRSG = "C_SPRSG", P_SPRST = "C_SPRST", P_SPHNP = "C_SPRTA",
P_SPRZN = "C_SPRZN", P_SPHRG = "C_SPSNA", P_STHDM = "C_SPTHD",
P_SRCNR = "C_SRCNR", F_SRLPD = "C_SRLPD", F_SPNGS = "C_SSPRA",
F_STEIN = "C_STEIN", P_SPTHD = "C_STHDDS", P_STHRP = "C_STHRP",
P_STNFR = "C_STNFR", P_STNSM = "C_STNSM", P_STNTR = "C_STNTR",
P_STRBL = "C_STRBL", P_STRMB = "C_STRMB", P_STTSN = "C_STTSN",
P_STYLN = "C_SYCHA", F_SCHZC = "C_SYTRM", P_TBNLL = "C_TBNLL",
P_TRCHL = "C_TCHLS", P_TCHNT = "C_TCHNT", P_THRCL = "C_THRCL",
P_THRMM = "C_THRMM", P_TIARN = "C_TIARN", P_TKPHR = "C_TKPHR",
P_TLNMA = "C_TLNMA", P_TLYPM = "C_TLYPM", P_TMNDS = "C_TMNDS",
P_TMNTA = "C_TMNTA", P_TNTNN = "C_TNNDM", P_TTNNS = "C_TNTNN",
P_TNPSS = "C_TNTNNP", P_TONTN = "C_TONTN", P_TOSAI = "C_TOSAI",
P_TPHTR = "C_TPHTR", P_TRCHH = "C_TRCHH", P_TRPHS = "C_TRCHLR",
P_TMMNA = "C_TRCHM", P_TRCHS = "C_TRCHSP", P_TRFRN = "C_TRFRN",
P_TRLCL = "C_TRLCL", P_TRTXL = "C_TRTXL", P_TRTXS = "C_TRTXS",
P_TTRHY = "C_TTRHY", F_TTRMY = "C_TTRMY", P_TXTLR = "C_TXTLR",
F_THRST = "C_TYTRM", P_URLPT = "C_ULPTS", P_UNGLT = "C_UNGLT",
P_URCNT = "C_URCNT", P_URONM = "C_URONM", P_UROSM = "C_UROSM",
P_URTRC = "C_URTRC", P_URSTY = "C_UTYLA", P_UVGRN = "C_UVGRN",
P_VLVLN = "C_VALVLN", P_VGNLN = "C_VGNLN", P_VGNLNP = "C_VGNLNP",
P_VLNRA = "C_VLVLN", P_VGNCL = "C_VNCLA", P_VRGLN = "C_VRGLN",
P_VRGLNP = "C_VRGLNP", P_VRTCL = "C_VRTCL", P_WBBNL = "C_WBBNL",
P_WEBBN = "C_WEBBN", P_WSNRL = "C_WSNRL", P_ZTHMN = "C_ZHMNM",
B_ZOOGL = "C_ZOOGL", F_DDSCS = "F_DPDSC", F_SCCHR = "F_SMYCS",
P_AMTRN = "P_ACNTH", F_AMBDM = "P_AMBDM", F_ARCYR = "P_ARCYR",
F_BADHM = "P_BADHM", F_BDHMP = "P_BDHMP", F_BRBYL = "P_BRBYL",
F_BRFLD = "P_BRFLD", F_CLMYX = "P_CLMYX", F_CLSTD = "P_CLSTD",
F_CMTRC = "P_CMTRC", F_CRBRR = "P_CRBRR", F_CRTMY = "P_CRTMY",
F_CRTRM = "P_CRTRM", F_DCTYD = "P_DCTYD", F_DDYMM = "P_DDYMM",
F_DIACH = "P_DIACH", F_DIANM = "P_DIANM", F_DIDRM = "P_DIDRM",
F_ELMYX = "P_ELMYX", F_ESTLM = "P_ESTLM", F_FULIG = "P_FULIG",
F_HMTRC = "P_HMTRC", F_LCRPS = "P_LCRPS", F_LICEA = "P_LICEA",
F_LMPRD = "P_LMPRD", F_LPTDR = "P_LPTDR", F_LSTRL = "P_LSTRL",
F_LYCGL = "P_LYCGL", F_MCBRD = "P_MCBRD", F_MNKTL = "P_MNKTL",
F_MTTRC = "P_MTTRC", F_MUCLG = "P_MUCLG", F_PHYSR = "P_PHYSR",
F_PRCHN = "P_PRCHN", F_PRMBD = "P_PRMBD", F_PRTPH = "P_PRTPH",
F_PSRNA = "P_PSRNA", F_PYSRM = "P_PYSRM", F_RTCLR = "P_RTCLR",
F_STMNT = "P_STMNT", F_SYMPH = "P_SYMPH", F_TRBRK = "P_TRBRK",
F_TRICH = "P_TRICH", F_TUBFR = "P_TUBFR",
B_GRDNR = "B_GRLLA", B_SGMNS = "B_SNGMNS", B_TCLLS = "B_THBCL",
F_CCCCS = "F_CRYPT",
# renamings of old genus + species
# putting full names here will throw notes with new taxonomic names
F_CANDD_GLB = "F_CANDD_GLA", F_CANDD_KRU = "Candida krusei",
F_CANDD_GUI = "Candida guilliermondii", F_HNSNL_ANO = "Hansenula anomala",
F_CANDD_LUS = "Candida lusitaniae", B_STRPT_TUS = "B_STRPT",
B_PRVTL_OLA = "B_PRVTL_OULO", B_FSBCT_RUM = "B_FSBCT",
B_CRYNB_EYI = "B_CRYNB_FRE", B_OLGLL_LIS = "B_OLGLL_URE")
}
+206 -39
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@@ -1,59 +1,226 @@
% AMR (for R)
# `AMR` (for R)
<img src="man/figures/logo.png" align="right" height="120px" />
The `AMR` package for R is a powerful tool for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) analysis. It provides extensive features for handling microbial and antimicrobial data. However, for those who work primarily in Python, we now have a more intuitive option available: the [`AMR` Python package](https://pypi.org/project/AMR/).
### Not a developer? Then please visit our website [https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR](https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR) to read about this package.
This Python package is a wrapper around the `AMR` R package. It uses the `rpy2` package internally. Despite the need to have R installed, Python users can now easily work with AMR data directly through Python code.
**It contains documentation about all of the included functions and also a comprehensive tutorial about how to conduct AMR analysis.**
# Prerequisites
## Development source
This package was only tested with a [virtual environment (venv)](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html). You can set up such an environment by running:
*NOTE: the original source code is on GitLab (https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR). There is a mirror repository on GitHub (https://github.com/msberends/AMR). As the mirror process is automated by GitLab, both repositories always contain the latest changes.*
```python
# linux and macOS:
python -m venv /path/to/new/virtual/environment
This is the **development source** of `AMR`, a free and open-source [R package](https://www.r-project.org) to simplify the analysis and prediction of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and to work with microbial and antimicrobial properties by using evidence-based methods.
# Windows:
python -m venv C:\path\to\new\virtual\environment
```
## Authors
Matthijs S. Berends<sup>1,2</sup>,
Christian F. Luz<sup>1</sup>,
Alex W. Friedrich1</sup>,
Bhanu N.M. Sinha<sup>1</sup>,
Casper J. Albers<sup>3</sup>,
Corinna Glasner<sup>1</sup>
<sup>1</sup> Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands - [rug.nl](http://www.rug.nl) [umcg.nl](http://www.umcg.nl)<br>
<sup>2</sup> Certe Medical Diagnostics & Advice, Groningen, the Netherlands - [certe.nl](http://www.certe.nl)<br>
<sup>3</sup> Heymans Institute for Psychological Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands - [rug.nl](http://www.rug.nl)<br>
Then you can [activate the environment](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html#how-venvs-work), after which the venv is ready to work with.
<a href="https://www.rug.nl"><img src="man/figures/logo_rug.png" height="60px"></a>
<a href="https://www.umcg.nl"><img src="man/figures/logo_umcg.png" height="60px"></a>
<a href="https://www.certe.nl"><img src="man/figures/logo_certe.png" height="60px"></a>
<a href="http://www.eurhealth-1health.eu"><img src="man/figures/logo_eh1h.png" height="60px"></a>
<a href="http://www.eurhealth-1health.eu"><img src="man/figures/logo_interreg.png" height="60px"></a>
# Install AMR
## How to get this package
Please see [our website](https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR/#get-this-package).
1. Since the Python package is available on the official [Python Package Index](https://pypi.org/project/AMR/), you can just run:
## Copyright
```bash
pip install AMR
```
This R package is licensed under the [GNU General Public License (GPL) v2.0](https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR/blob/master/LICENSE). In a nutshell, this means that this package:
2. Make sure you have R installed. There is **no need to install the `AMR` R package**, as it will be installed automatically.
- May be used for commercial purposes
For Linux:
- May be used for private purposes
```bash
# Ubuntu / Debian
sudo apt install r-base
# Fedora:
sudo dnf install R
# CentOS/RHEL
sudo yum install R
```
For macOS (using [Homebrew](https://brew.sh)):
```bash
brew install r
```
For Windows, visit the [CRAN download page](https://cran.r-project.org) to download and install R.
- May **not** be used for patent purposes
# Examples of Usage
- May be modified, although:
## Cleaning Taxonomy
- Modifications **must** be released under the same license when distributing the package
- Changes made to the code **must** be documented
Here’s an example that demonstrates how to clean microorganism and drug names using the `AMR` Python package:
- May be distributed, although:
```python
import pandas as pd
import AMR
- Source code **must** be made available when the package is distributed
- A copy of the license and copyright notice **must** be included with the package.
# Sample data
data = {
"MOs": ['E. coli', 'ESCCOL', 'esco', 'Esche coli'],
"Drug": ['Cipro', 'CIP', 'J01MA02', 'Ciproxin']
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
- Comes with a LIMITATION of liability
# Use AMR functions to clean microorganism and drug names
df['MO_clean'] = AMR.mo_name(df['MOs'])
df['Drug_clean'] = AMR.ab_name(df['Drug'])
- Comes with NO warranty
# Display the results
print(df)
```
| MOs | Drug | MO_clean | Drug_clean |
|-------------|-----------|--------------------|---------------|
| E. coli | Cipro | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
| ESCCOL | CIP | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
| esco | J01MA02 | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
| Esche coli | Ciproxin | Escherichia coli | Ciprofloxacin |
### Explanation
* **mo_name:** This function standardises microorganism names. Here, different variations of *Escherichia coli* (such as "E. coli", "ESCCOL", "esco", and "Esche coli") are all converted into the correct, standardised form, "Escherichia coli".
* **ab_name**: Similarly, this function standardises antimicrobial names. The different representations of ciprofloxacin (e.g., "Cipro", "CIP", "J01MA02", and "Ciproxin") are all converted to the standard name, "Ciprofloxacin".
## Calculating AMR
```python
import AMR
import pandas as pd
df = AMR.example_isolates
result = AMR.resistance(df["AMX"])
print(result)
```
```
[0.59555556]
```
## Generating Antibiograms
One of the core functions of the `AMR` package is generating an antibiogram, a table that summarises the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates. Here’s how you can generate an antibiogram from Python:
```python
result2a = AMR.antibiogram(df[["mo", "AMX", "CIP", "TZP"]])
print(result2a)
```
| Pathogen | Amoxicillin | Ciprofloxacin | Piperacillin/tazobactam |
|-----------------|-----------------|-----------------|--------------------------|
| CoNS | 7% (10/142) | 73% (183/252) | 30% (10/33) |
| E. coli | 50% (196/392) | 88% (399/456) | 94% (393/416) |
| K. pneumoniae | 0% (0/58) | 96% (53/55) | 89% (47/53) |
| P. aeruginosa | 0% (0/30) | 100% (30/30) | None |
| P. mirabilis | None | 94% (34/36) | None |
| S. aureus | 6% (8/131) | 90% (171/191) | None |
| S. epidermidis | 1% (1/91) | 64% (87/136) | None |
| S. hominis | None | 80% (56/70) | None |
| S. pneumoniae | 100% (112/112) | None | 100% (112/112) |
```python
result2b = AMR.antibiogram(df[["mo", "AMX", "CIP", "TZP"]], mo_transform = "gramstain")
print(result2b)
```
| Pathogen | Amoxicillin | Ciprofloxacin | Piperacillin/tazobactam |
|----------------|-----------------|------------------|--------------------------|
| Gram-negative | 36% (226/631) | 91% (621/684) | 88% (565/641) |
| Gram-positive | 43% (305/703) | 77% (560/724) | 86% (296/345) |
In this example, we generate an antibiogram by selecting various antibiotics.
## Taxonomic Data Sets Now in Python!
As a Python user, you might like that the most important data sets of the `AMR` R package, `microorganisms`, `antimicrobials`, `clinical_breakpoints`, and `example_isolates`, are now available as regular Python data frames:
```python
AMR.microorganisms
```
| mo | fullname | status | kingdom | gbif | gbif_parent | gbif_renamed_to | prevalence |
|--------------|------------------------------------|----------|----------|-----------|-------------|-----------------|------------|
| B_GRAMN | (unknown Gram-negatives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_GRAMP | (unknown Gram-positives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ANAER-NEG | (unknown anaerobic Gram-negatives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ANAER-POS | (unknown anaerobic Gram-positives) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ANAER | (unknown anaerobic bacteria) | unknown | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| B_ZYMMN_POMC | Zymomonas pomaceae | accepted | Bacteria | 10744418 | 3221412 | None | 2.0 |
| B_ZYMPH | Zymophilus | synonym | Bacteria | None | 9475166 | None | 2.0 |
| B_ZYMPH_PCVR | Zymophilus paucivorans | synonym | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| B_ZYMPH_RFFN | Zymophilus raffinosivorans | synonym | Bacteria | None | None | None | 2.0 |
| F_ZYZYG | Zyzygomyces | unknown | Fungi | None | 7581 | None | 2.0 |
```python
AMR.antimicrobials
```
| ab | cid | name | group | oral_ddd | oral_units | iv_ddd | iv_units |
|-----|-------------|----------------------|----------------------------|----------|------------|--------|----------|
| AMA | 4649.0 | 4-aminosalicylic acid| Antimycobacterials | 12.00 | g | NaN | None |
| ACM | 6450012.0 | Acetylmidecamycin | Macrolides/lincosamides | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ASP | 49787020.0 | Acetylspiramycin | Macrolides/lincosamides | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ALS | 8954.0 | Aldesulfone sodium | Other antibacterials | 0.33 | g | NaN | None |
| AMK | 37768.0 | Amikacin | Aminoglycosides | NaN | None | 1.0 | g |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| VIR | 11979535.0 | Virginiamycine | Other antibacterials | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| VOR | 71616.0 | Voriconazole | Antifungals/antimycotics | 0.40 | g | 0.4 | g |
| XBR | 72144.0 | Xibornol | Other antibacterials | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ZID | 77846445.0 | Zidebactam | Other antibacterials | NaN | None | NaN | None |
| ZFD | NaN | Zoliflodacin | None | NaN | None | NaN | None |
# Installation Channels
## Stable Release (CRAN)
The default `AMR` Python package uses the latest stable version of the `AMR` R package, published on CRAN. After running `pip install AMR`, import it as usual:
```python
import AMR
AMR.example_isolates
```
## Development Version (GitHub)
To use the latest development version of the `AMR` R package (sourced directly from GitHub), import the `beta` sub-package and alias it as `AMR`:
```python
import AMR.beta as AMR
AMR.example_isolates
```
Aliasing with `as AMR` keeps all downstream code identical to the stable import. Switching between the stable release and the development version requires changing only the import line — nothing else in your script needs to change.
# SIR Classification with `as_sir()`
## Using `enforce_method`
The `as_sir()` function in R uses S3 method dispatch to select the correct calculation method based on the input class: `<mic>` for MIC values and `<disk>` for disk diffusion values. Because Python objects do not carry R class attributes through the `rpy2` bridge, this automatic dispatch may not resolve correctly.
To explicitly specify the input type, use the `enforce_method` argument:
```python
# Treat the column as MIC values — maps to R's as.sir.mic()
AMR.as_sir(df["MIC_col"], mo="E. coli", ab="AMX", guideline="EUCAST", enforce_method="mic")
# Treat the column as disk diffusion values — maps to R's as.sir.disk()
AMR.as_sir(df["disk_col"], mo="E. coli", ab="AMX", guideline="EUCAST", enforce_method="disk")
```
Without `enforce_method`, R falls back to class-based dispatch on the raw Python input, which may fail or return unexpected results. Always supply `enforce_method` when calling `as_sir()` from Python.
# Conclusion
With the `AMR` Python package, Python users can now effortlessly call R functions from the `AMR` R package. This eliminates the need for complex `rpy2` configurations and provides a clean, easy-to-use interface for antimicrobial resistance analysis. The examples provided above demonstrate how this can be applied to typical workflows, such as standardising microorganism and antimicrobial names or calculating resistance.
By just running `import AMR`, users can seamlessly integrate the robust features of the R `AMR` package into Python workflows.
Whether you're cleaning data or analysing resistance patterns, the `AMR` Python package makes it easy to work with AMR data in Python.
-193
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@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
title: "AMR (for R)"
url: "https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR"
development:
mode: "release" # improves indexing by search engines
version_tooltip: "Latest development version"
news:
one_page: true
navbar:
title: "AMR (for R)"
left:
- text: "Home"
icon: "fa-home"
href: "index.html"
- text: "How to"
icon: "fa-question-circle"
menu:
- text: "Conduct AMR analysis"
icon: "fa-directions"
href: "articles/AMR.html"
- text: "Predict antimicrobial resistance"
icon: "fa-dice"
href: "articles/resistance_predict.html"
- text: "Determine multi-drug resistance (MDR)"
icon: "fa-skull-crossbones"
href: "articles/MDR.html"
- text: "Work with WHONET data"
icon: "fa-globe-americas"
href: "articles/WHONET.html"
- text: "Import data from SPSS/SAS/Stata"
icon: "fa-file-upload"
href: "articles/SPSS.html"
- text: "Apply EUCAST rules"
icon: "fa-exchange-alt"
href: "articles/EUCAST.html"
- text: "Get properties of a microorganism"
icon: "fa-bug"
href: "reference/mo_property.html" # reference instead of article
- text: "Get properties of an antibiotic"
icon: "fa-capsules"
href: "reference/ab_property.html" # reference instead of article
- text: "Other: benchmarks"
icon: "fa-shipping-fast"
href: "articles/benchmarks.html"
- text: "Manual"
icon: "fa-book-open"
href: "reference/"
- text: "Authors"
icon: "fa-users"
href: "authors.html"
- text: "Changelog"
icon: "far fa-newspaper"
href: "news/"
right:
- text: "Source Code"
icon: "fab fa-gitlab"
href: "https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR"
- text: "Licence"
icon: "fa-book"
href: "LICENSE-text.html"
reference:
- title: "Background information"
desc: >
Some pages about our package and its external sources. Be sure to read our [How To's](./../articles/index.html)
for more information about how to work with functions in this package.
contents:
- "`AMR`"
- "`catalogue_of_life`"
- "`catalogue_of_life_version`"
- "`WHOCC`"
- title: "Cleaning your data"
desc: >
Functions for cleaning and optimising your data, to be able to add
variables later on (like taxonomic properties) or to fix and extend
antibiotic interpretations by applying [EUCAST rules](http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/).
contents:
- starts_with("as.")
- "`mo_source`"
- "`eucast_rules`"
- "`rsi_translation`"
- "`guess_ab_col`"
- "`read.4D`"
- title: "Adding variables to your data"
desc: >
Functions to add new data to existing data, like the determination
of first isolates, multi-drug resistant microorganisms (MDRO), getting
properties of microorganisms or antibiotics and determining the age of
patients or divide ages into age groups.
contents:
- "`first_isolate`"
- "`mdro`"
- "`key_antibiotics`"
- "`mo_property`"
- "`ab_property`"
- "`age`"
- "`age_groups`"
- "`p_symbol`"
- "`join`"
- "`atc_online_property`"
- title: "Analysing your data"
desc: >
Functions for conducting AMR analysis, like counting isolates, calculating
resistance or susceptibility, or make plots.
contents:
- "`availability`"
- "`bug_drug_combinations`"
- "`count`"
- "`portion`"
- "`filter_ab_class`"
- "`g.test`"
- "`ggplot_rsi`"
- "`kurtosis`"
- "`resistance_predict`"
- "`skewness`"
- title: "Included data sets"
desc: >
References for microorganisms and antibiotics, and even a
genuine data set with isolates from septic patients.
contents:
- "`antibiotics`"
- "`microorganisms`"
- "`example_isolates`"
- "`WHONET`"
- "`microorganisms.codes`"
- "`microorganisms.old`"
- title: Other functions
desc: >
These functions are mostly for internal use, but some of
them may also be suitable for your analysis. Especially the
'like' function can be useful: `if (x %like% y) {...}`.
contents:
- "`get_locale`"
- "`like`"
- title: Extended functions
desc: >
These functions are extensions of functions in other packages.
contents:
- "`extended-functions`"
- title: functions
desc: >
These functions are deprecated, meaning that they still
work but show a warning with every use and will be removed
in a future version.
contents:
- "`AMR-deprecated`"
authors:
Matthijs S. Berends:
href: https://www.rug.nl/staff/m.s.berends/
Christian F. Luz:
href: https://www.rug.nl/staff/c.f.luz/
Alex W. Friedrich:
href: https://www.rug.nl/staff/a.w.friedrich/
Bhanu N. M. Sinha:
href: https://www.rug.nl/staff/b.sinha/
Casper J. Albers:
href: https://www.rug.nl/staff/c.j.albers/
Corinna Glasner:
href: https://www.rug.nl/staff/c.glasner/
template:
assets: "pkgdown/logos" # use logos in this folder
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bootswatch: "flatly"
docsearch:
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api_key: "f737050abfd4d726c63938e18f8c496e"
index_name: "amr"
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# ==================================================================== #
# TITLE #
# Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Analysis #
# #
# SOURCE #
# https://gitlab.com/msberends/AMR #
# #
# LICENCE #
# (c) 2019 Berends MS (m.s.berends@umcg.nl), Luz CF (c.f.luz@umcg.nl) #
# #
# This R package is free software; you can freely use and distribute #
# it for both personal and commercial purposes under the terms of the #
# GNU General Public License version 2.0 (GNU GPL-2), as published by #
# the Free Software Foundation. #
# #
# This R package was created for academic research and was publicly #
# released in the hope that it will be useful, but it comes WITHOUT #
# ANY WARRANTY OR LIABILITY. #
# Visit our website for more info: https://msberends.gitlab.io/AMR. #
# ==================================================================== #
# Download script file from GitHub
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Invoke-WebRequest https://raw.githubusercontent.com/krlmlr/r-appveyor/master/scripts/appveyor-tool.ps1 -OutFile "..\appveyor-tool.ps1"
Import-Module '..\appveyor-tool.ps1'
install:
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codecov:
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- "R/aa_test.R"
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# Version 0.8.0
* A NOTE for having a data directory over 3 MB. This is needed to offer users reference data for the complete taxonomy of microorganisms - one of the most important features of this pacakge. Has been this way since version 0.3.0.
* This package writes lines to `[library path]/AMR/mo_history/mo_history.csv` when using the `as.mo()` function, in the exact same way (and borrowed from) the `extrafont` package on CRAN (version 0.17) writes to the user library path. Users are notified about this with a `message()`, and staged install on R >= 3.6.0 still works. The CSV file is never newly created or deleted by this package, it only changes this file to improve speed and reliability of the `as.mo()` function. See the source code of functions `set_mo_history()` and `clear_mo_history()` in file `R/mo_history.R`.
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# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# For editing this EUCAST reference file, these values can all be used for target antibiotics:
# 'all_betalactams', 'aminoglycosides', 'aminopenicillins', 'carbapenems', 'cephalosporins', 'cephalosporins_without_CAZ',
# 'fluoroquinolones', 'glycopeptides', 'macrolides', 'polymyxins', 'streptogramins', 'tetracyclines', 'ureidopenicillins'
# and all separate EARS-Net letter codes like 'AMC'. They can be separated by comma: 'AMC, fluoroquinolones'.
# The 'if_mo_property' column can be any column name from the AMR::microorganisms data set, or "genus_species" or "gramstain".
# The like.is.one_of column must be 'like' or 'is' or 'one_of' ('like' will read the 'this_value' column as regular expression)
# The EUCAST guideline contains references to the 'Burkholderia cepacia complex'. All species in this group can be found in: LiPuma J, Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2005 Nov;11(6):528-33. (PMID 16217180).
# >>>>> IF YOU WANT TO IMPORT THIS FILE INTO YOUR OWN SOFTWARE, HAVE THE FIRST 10 LINES SKIPPED <<<<<
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if_mo_property like.is.one_of this_value and_these_antibiotics have_these_values then_change_these_antibiotics to_value reference.rule reference.rule_group
order is Enterobacteriales AMP S AMX S Enterobacteriales (Order) Breakpoints
order is Enterobacteriales AMP I AMX I Enterobacteriales (Order) Breakpoints
order is Enterobacteriales AMP R AMX R Enterobacteriales (Order) Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus PEN, FOX S AMP, AMX, PIP, TIC S Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus PEN, FOX R, S OXA, FLC S Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus FOX R all_betalactams R Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus_species is Staphylococcus saprophyticus AMP S AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP S Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus FOX S carbapenems, cephalosporins_without_CAZ S Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus FOX I carbapenems, cephalosporins_without_CAZ I Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus FOX R carbapenems, cephalosporins_without_CAZ R Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus NOR S CIP, LVX, MFX, OFX S Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus ERY S AZM, CLR, RXT S Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus ERY I AZM, CLR, RXT I Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus ERY R AZM, CLR, RXT R Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus is Staphylococcus TCY S DOX, MNO S Staphylococcus Breakpoints
genus_species is Enterococcus faecium AMP R all_betalactams R Enterococcus Breakpoints
genus is Enterococcus AMP S AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP S Enterococcus Breakpoints
genus is Enterococcus AMP I AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP I Enterococcus Breakpoints
genus is Enterococcus AMP R AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP R Enterococcus Breakpoints
genus is Enterococcus NOR S CIP, LVX S Enterococcus Breakpoints
genus is Enterococcus NOR I CIP, LVX I Enterococcus Breakpoints
genus is Enterococcus NOR R CIP, LVX R Enterococcus Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ PEN S aminopenicillins, ureidopenicillins, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, carbapenems, FLC, AMC S Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ PEN I aminopenicillins, ureidopenicillins, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, carbapenems, FLC, AMC I Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ PEN R aminopenicillins, ureidopenicillins, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, carbapenems, FLC, AMC R Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ NOR S LVX, MFX S Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ ERY S AZM, CLR, RXT S Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ ERY I AZM, CLR, RXT I Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ ERY R AZM, CLR, RXT R Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G)$ TCY S DOX, MNO S Streptococcus groups A, B, C, G Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae PEN S AMP, AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP S Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae AMP S AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP S Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae AMP I AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP I Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae AMP R AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP R Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae NOR S LVX, MFX S Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae ERY S AZM, CLR, RXT S Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae ERY I AZM, CLR, RXT I Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae ERY R AZM, CLR, RXT R Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae TCY S DOX, MNO S Streptococcus pneumoniae Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (australis|bovis|constellatus|cristatus|gallolyticus|gordonii|infantarius|infantis|mitis|mutans|oligofermentans|oralis|peroris|pseudopneumoniae|salivarius|sinensis|sobrinus|thermophilus|vestibularis|anginosus|equinus|intermedius|parasanguinis|sanguinis)$ PEN S AMP, AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP S Viridans group streptococci Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (australis|bovis|constellatus|cristatus|gallolyticus|gordonii|infantarius|infantis|mitis|mutans|oligofermentans|oralis|peroris|pseudopneumoniae|salivarius|sinensis|sobrinus|thermophilus|vestibularis|anginosus|equinus|intermedius|parasanguinis|sanguinis)$ AMP S AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP S Viridans group streptococci Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (australis|bovis|constellatus|cristatus|gallolyticus|gordonii|infantarius|infantis|mitis|mutans|oligofermentans|oralis|peroris|pseudopneumoniae|salivarius|sinensis|sobrinus|thermophilus|vestibularis|anginosus|equinus|intermedius|parasanguinis|sanguinis)$ AMP I AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP I Viridans group streptococci Breakpoints
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (australis|bovis|constellatus|cristatus|gallolyticus|gordonii|infantarius|infantis|mitis|mutans|oligofermentans|oralis|peroris|pseudopneumoniae|salivarius|sinensis|sobrinus|thermophilus|vestibularis|anginosus|equinus|intermedius|parasanguinis|sanguinis)$ AMP R AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP R Viridans group streptococci Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae AMP S AMX, PIP S Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is ^Haemophilus influenzae AMP I AMX, PIP I Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae AMP R AMX, PIP R Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae PEN S AMP, AMX, AMC, PIP, TZP S Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae AMC S TZP S Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae AMC I TZP I Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae AMC R TZP R Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae NAL S CIP, LVX, MFX, OFX S Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae TCY S DOX, MNO S Haemophilus influenzae Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis AMC S TZP S Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis AMC I TZP I Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis AMC R TZP R Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis NAL S CIP, LVX, MFX, OFX S Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis ERY S AZM, CLR, RXT S Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis ERY I AZM, CLR, RXT I Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis ERY R AZM, CLR, RXT R Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis TCY S DOX, MNO S Moraxella catarrhalis Breakpoints
genus one_of Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Cutibacterium, Eggerthella, Eubacterium, Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium PEN S AMP, AMX, PIP, TZP, TIC S Anaerobic Gram-positives Breakpoints
genus one_of Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Cutibacterium, Eggerthella, Eubacterium, Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium PEN I AMP, AMX, PIP, TZP, TIC I Anaerobic Gram-positives Breakpoints
genus one_of Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Cutibacterium, Eggerthella, Eubacterium, Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium PEN R AMP, AMX, PIP, TZP, TIC R Anaerobic Gram-positives Breakpoints
genus one_of Bacteroides, Bilophila , Fusobacterium, Mobiluncus, Porphyromonas, Prevotella PEN S AMP, AMX, PIP, TZP, TIC S Anaerobic Gram-negatives Breakpoints
genus one_of Bacteroides, Bilophila , Fusobacterium, Mobiluncus, Porphyromonas, Prevotella PEN I AMP, AMX, PIP, TZP, TIC I Anaerobic Gram-negatives Breakpoints
genus one_of Bacteroides, Bilophila , Fusobacterium, Mobiluncus, Porphyromonas, Prevotella PEN R AMP, AMX, PIP, TZP, TIC R Anaerobic Gram-negatives Breakpoints
genus_species is Pasteurella multocida PEN S AMP, AMX S Pasteurella multocida Breakpoints
genus_species is Pasteurella multocida PEN I AMP, AMX I Pasteurella multocida Breakpoints
genus_species is Pasteurella multocida PEN R AMP, AMX R Pasteurella multocida Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter coli ERY S AZM, CLR S Campylobacter coli Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter coli ERY I AZM, CLR I Campylobacter coli Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter coli ERY R AZM, CLR R Campylobacter coli Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter coli TCY S DOX S Campylobacter coli Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter coli TCY I DOX I Campylobacter coli Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter coli TCY R DOX R Campylobacter coli Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter jejuni ERY S AZM, CLR S Campylobacter jejuni Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter jejuni ERY I AZM, CLR I Campylobacter jejuni Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter jejuni ERY R AZM, CLR R Campylobacter jejuni Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter jejuni TCY S DOX S Campylobacter jejuni Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter jejuni TCY I DOX I Campylobacter jejuni Breakpoints
genus_species is Campylobacter jejuni TCY R DOX R Campylobacter jejuni Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus sanguinicola NOR S fluoroquinolones S Aerococcus sanguinicola Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus sanguinicola NOR I fluoroquinolones I Aerococcus sanguinicola Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus sanguinicola NOR R fluoroquinolones R Aerococcus sanguinicola Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus sanguinicola CIP S LVX S Aerococcus sanguinicola Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus sanguinicola CIP I LVX I Aerococcus sanguinicola Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus sanguinicola CIP R LVX R Aerococcus urinae Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus urinae NOR S fluoroquinolones S Aerococcus urinae Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus urinae NOR I fluoroquinolones I Aerococcus urinae Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus urinae NOR R fluoroquinolones R Aerococcus urinae Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus urinae CIP S LVX S Aerococcus urinae Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus urinae CIP I LVX I Aerococcus urinae Breakpoints
genus_species is Aerococcus urinae CIP R LVX R Aerococcus urinae Breakpoints
genus_species is Kingella kingae PEN S AMP, AMX S Kingella kingae Breakpoints
genus_species is Kingella kingae PEN I AMP, AMX I Kingella kingae Breakpoints
genus_species is Kingella kingae PEN R AMP, AMX R Kingella kingae Breakpoints
genus_species is Kingella kingae ERY S AZM, CLR S Kingella kingae Breakpoints
genus_species is Kingella kingae ERY I AZM, CLR I Kingella kingae Breakpoints
genus_species is Kingella kingae ERY R AZM, CLR R Kingella kingae Breakpoints
genus_species is Kingella kingae TCY S DOX S Kingella kingae Breakpoints
family is Enterobacteriaceae PEN, glycopeptides, FUS, macrolides, LIN, streptogramins, RIF, DAP, LNZ R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
fullname like ^Citrobacter (koseri|amalonaticus|sedlakii|farmeri|rodentium) aminopenicillins, TIC R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
fullname like ^Citrobacter (freundii|braakii|murliniae|werkmanii|youngae) aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, FOX R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Enterobacter cloacae aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, FOX R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Enterobacter aerogenes aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, FOX R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Escherichia hermanni aminopenicillins, TIC R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Hafnia alvei aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, FOX R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus is Klebsiella aminopenicillins, TIC R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Morganella morganii aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, tetracyclines, polymyxins, NIT R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Proteus mirabilis tetracyclines, TGC, polymyxins, NIT R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Proteus penneri aminopenicillins, CZO, CXM, tetracyclines, TGC, polymyxins, NIT R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Proteus vulgaris aminopenicillins, CZO, CXM, tetracyclines, TGC, polymyxins, NIT R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Providencia rettgeri aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, CXM, tetracyclines, TGC, polymyxins, NIT R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Providencia stuartii aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, CXM, tetracyclines, TGC, polymyxins, NIT R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus is Raoultella aminopenicillins, TIC R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Serratia marcescens aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, FOX, CXM, DOX, TCY, polymyxins, NIT R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Yersinia enterocolitica aminopenicillins, AMC, TIC, CZO, FOX R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus_species is Yersinia pseudotuberculosis PLB, COL R Table 01: Intrinsic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae Expert Rules
genus one_of Achromobacter, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Bordatella, Burkholderia, Elizabethkingia, Flavobacterium, Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas PEN, FOX, CXM, glycopeptides, FUS, macrolides, LIN, streptogramins, RIF, DAP, LNZ R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Acinetobacter baumannii aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, CTX, CRO, ATM, ETP, TMP, FOS, DOX, TCY R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Acinetobacter pittii aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, CTX, CRO, ATM, ETP, TMP, FOS, DOX, TCY R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Acinetobacter nosocomialis aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, CTX, CRO, ATM, ETP, TMP, FOS, DOX, TCY R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Acinetobacter calcoaceticus aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, CTX, CRO, ATM, ETP, TMP, FOS, DOX, TCY R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Achromobacter xylosoxidans aminopenicillins, CZO, CTX, CRO, ETP R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
fullname like ^Burkholderia (cepacia|multivorans|cenocepacia|stabilis|vietnamiensis|dolosa|ambifaria|anthina|pyrrocinia|ubonensis) aminopenicillins, AMC, TIC, PIP, TZP, CZO, CTX, CRO, ATM, ETP, CIP, CHL, aminoglycosides, TMP, FOS, polymyxins R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Elizabethkingia meningoseptica aminopenicillins, AMC, TIC, CZO, CTX, CRO, CAZ, FEP, ATM, ETP, IPM, MEM, polymyxins R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Ochrobactrum anthropi aminopenicillins, AMC, TIC, PIP, TZP, CZO, CTX, CRO, CAZ, FEP, ATM, ETP R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Pseudomonas aeruginosa aminopenicillins, AMC, CZO, CTX, CRO, ETP, CHL, KAN, NEO, TMP, SXT, tetracyclines, TGC R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Stenotrophomonas maltophilia aminopenicillins, AMC, TIC, PIP, TZP, CZO, CTX, CRO, CAZ, ATM, ETP, IPM, MEM, aminoglycosides, TMP, FOS, TCY R Table 02: Intrinsic resistance in non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus one_of Haemophilus, Moraxella, Neisseria, Campylobacter glycopeptides, LIN, DAP, LNZ R Table 03: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Haemophilus influenzae FUS, streptogramins R Table 03: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Moraxella catarrhalis TMP R Table 03: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus is Neisseria TMP R Table 03: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Campylobacter fetus FUS, streptogramins, TMP, NAL R Table 03: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Campylobacter jejuni FUS, streptogramins, TMP R Table 03: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Campylobacter coli FUS, streptogramins, TMP R Table 03: Intrinsic resistance in other Gram-negative bacteria Expert Rules
gramstain is Gram-positive ATM, polymyxins, NAL R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus saprophyticus FUS, CAZ, FOS, NOV R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus cohnii CAZ, NOV R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus xylosus CAZ, NOV R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus capitis CAZ, FOS R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus aureus CAZ R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus epidermidis CAZ R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus coagulase-negative CAZ R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus hominis CAZ R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus haemolyticus CAZ R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus intermedius CAZ R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Staphylococcus pseudintermedius CAZ R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus is Streptococcus FUS, CAZ, aminoglycosides R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Enterococcus faecalis FUS, CAZ, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, aminoglycosides, macrolides, CLI, QDA, TMP, SXT R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Enterococcus gallinarum FUS, CAZ, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, aminoglycosides, macrolides, CLI, QDA, VAN, TMP, SXT R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Enterococcus casseliflavus FUS, CAZ, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, aminoglycosides, macrolides, CLI, QDA, VAN, TMP, SXT R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Enterococcus faecium FUS, CAZ, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, aminoglycosides, macrolides, TMP, SXT R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus is Corynebacterium FOS R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Listeria monocytogenes cephalosporins R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus is Leuconostoc, Pediococcus glycopeptides R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus is Lactobacillus glycopeptides R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Clostridium ramosum VAN R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species is Clostridium innocuum VAN R Table 04: Intrinsic resistance in Gram-positive bacteria Expert Rules
genus_species like ^Streptococcus (pyogenes|agalactiae|dysgalactiae|group A|group B|group C|group G) PEN S aminopenicillins, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, carbapenems S Table 08: Interpretive rules for B-lactam agents and Gram-positive cocci Expert Rules
genus is Enterococcus AMP R ureidopenicillins, carbapenems R Table 08: Interpretive rules for B-lactam agents and Gram-positive cocci Expert Rules
genus is Enterococcus AMX R ureidopenicillins, carbapenems R Table 08: Interpretive rules for B-lactam agents and Gram-positive cocci Expert Rules
family is Enterobacteriaceae TIC, PIP R, S PIP R Table 09: Interpretive rules for B-lactam agents and Gram-negative rods Expert Rules
genus is .* ERY S AZM, CLR S Table 11: Interpretive rules for macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins Expert Rules
genus is .* ERY I AZM, CLR I Table 11: Interpretive rules for macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins Expert Rules
genus is .* ERY R AZM, CLR R Table 11: Interpretive rules for macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins Expert Rules
genus is Staphylococcus TOB R KAN, AMK R Table 12: Interpretive rules for aminoglycosides Expert Rules
genus is Staphylococcus GEN R aminoglycosides R Table 12: Interpretive rules for aminoglycosides Expert Rules
family is Enterobacteriaceae GEN, TOB I, S GEN R Table 12: Interpretive rules for aminoglycosides Expert Rules
family is Enterobacteriaceae GEN, TOB R, I TOB R Table 12: Interpretive rules for aminoglycosides Expert Rules
genus is Staphylococcus MFX R fluoroquinolones R Table 13: Interpretive rules for quinolones Expert Rules
genus_species is Streptococcus pneumoniae MFX R fluoroquinolones R Table 13: Interpretive rules for quinolones Expert Rules
family is Enterobacteriaceae CIP R fluoroquinolones R Table 13: Interpretive rules for quinolones Expert Rules
genus_species is Neisseria gonorrhoeae CIP R fluoroquinolones R Table 13: Interpretive rules for quinolones Expert Rules
genus is .* AMC R AMP, AMX R Non-EUCAST: ampicillin = R where amoxicillin/clav acid = R Other rules
genus is .* TZP R PIP R Non-EUCAST: piperacillin = R where piperacillin/tazobactam = R Other rules
genus is .* SXT R TMP R Non-EUCAST: trimethoprim = R where trimethoprim/sulfa = R Other rules
genus is .* AMP S AMC S Non-EUCAST: amoxicillin/clav acid = S where ampicillin = S Other rules
genus is .* AMX S AMC S Non-EUCAST: amoxicillin/clav acid = S where ampicillin = S Other rules
genus is .* PIP S TZP S Non-EUCAST: piperacillin/tazobactam = S where piperacillin = S Other rules
genus is .* TMP S SXT S Non-EUCAST: trimethoprim/sulfa = S where trimethoprim = S Other rules
Can't render this file because it contains an unexpected character in line 6 and column 96.
-62
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@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# For editing this EUCAST reference file, these values can all be used for target antibiotics:
# all_betalactams, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, cephalosporins, cephalosporins_without_CAZ, fluoroquinolones,
# glycopeptides, macrolides, minopenicillins, polymyxins, streptogramins, tetracyclines, ureidopenicillins
# and all separate EARS-Net letter codes like AMC. They can be separated by comma: 'AMC, fluoroquinolones'.
# The if_mo_property column can be any column name from the AMR::microorganisms data set, or "genus_species" or "gramstain".
# The EUCAST guideline contains references to the 'Burkholderia cepacia complex'. All species in this group can be found in:
# LiPuma J, Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2005 Nov;11(6):528-33. (PMID 16217180).
# >>>>> IF YOU WANT TO IMPORT THIS FILE INTO YOUR OWN SOFTWARE, HAVE THE FIRST 10 LINES SKIPPED <<<<<
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
eucast_rules_file <- dplyr::arrange(
.data = utils::read.delim(file = "data-raw/eucast_rules.tsv",
skip = 10,
sep = "\t",
stringsAsFactors = FALSE,
header = TRUE,
strip.white = TRUE,
na = c(NA, "", NULL)),
reference.rule_group,
reference.rule)
# Translations ----
translations_file <- utils::read.delim(file = "data-raw/translations.tsv",
sep = "\t",
stringsAsFactors = FALSE,
header = TRUE,
blank.lines.skip = TRUE,
fill = TRUE,
strip.white = TRUE,
encoding = "UTF-8",
fileEncoding = "UTF-8",
na.strings = c(NA, "", NULL),
allowEscapes = TRUE, # else "\\1" will be imported as "\\\\1"
quote = "")
# Old microorganism codes -------------------------------------------------
microorganisms.translation <- readRDS("data-raw/microorganisms.translation.rds")
# Export to package as internal data ----
usethis::use_data(eucast_rules_file, translations_file, microorganisms.translation,
internal = TRUE,
overwrite = TRUE,
version = 2)
# Remove from global environment ----
rm(eucast_rules_file)
rm(translations_file)
rm(microorganisms.translation)
# Clean mo history ----
usethis::ui_done(paste0("Resetting {usethis::ui_value('mo_history.csv')}"))
tryCatch(
write.csv(x = data.frame(x = character(0),
mo = character(0),
uncertainty_level = integer(0),
package_version = character(0),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
row.names = FALSE,
file = "inst/mo_history/mo_history.csv"),
warning = function(w) cat("Warning:", w$message, "\n"),
error = function(e) cat("Error:", e$message, "\n"))
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library(dplyr)
# got EARS-Net codes (= ECDC/WHO codes) from here:
# Installed WHONET 2019 software on Windows (http://www.whonet.org/software.html),
# opened C:\WHONET\Codes\WHONETCodes.mdb in MS Access
# and exported table 'DRGLST' to MS Excel
library(readxl)
DRGLST <- read_excel("DRGLST.xlsx")
abx <- DRGLST %>%
select(ab = WHON5_CODE,
name = ANTIBIOTIC) %>%
# remove the ones without WHONET code
filter(!is.na(ab)) %>%
distinct(name, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
# add the ones without WHONET code
bind_rows(
DRGLST %>%
select(ab = WHON5_CODE,
name = ANTIBIOTIC) %>%
filter(is.na(ab)) %>%
distinct(name, .keep_all = TRUE)
# add new ab code later
) %>%
arrange(name)
# add old ATC codes
ab_old <- AMR::antibiotics %>%
mutate(official = gsub("( and |, )", "/", official),
abbr = tolower(paste(ifelse(is.na(abbr), "", abbr),
ifelse(is.na(certe), "", certe),
ifelse(is.na(umcg), "", umcg),
sep = "|")))
for (i in 1:nrow(ab_old)) {
abbr <- ab_old[i, "abbr"]
abbr <- strsplit(abbr, "|", fixed = TRUE) %>% unlist() %>% unique()
abbr <- abbr[abbr != ""]
#print(abbr)
if (length(abbr) == 0) {
ab_old[i, "abbr"] <- NA_character_
} else {
ab_old[i, "abbr"] <- paste(abbr, collapse = "|")
}
}
# create reference data set: to be able to map ab to atc
abx_atc1 <- abx %>%
mutate(name_lower = tolower(name)) %>%
left_join(ab_old %>%
select(ears_net, atc), by = c(ab = "ears_net")) %>%
rename(atc1 = atc) %>%
left_join(ab_old %>%
mutate(official = gsub(", combinations", "", official, fixed = TRUE)) %>%
transmute(official = tolower(official), atc), by = c(name_lower = "official")) %>%
rename(atc2 = atc) %>%
left_join(ab_old %>%
mutate(official = gsub(", combinations", "", official, fixed = TRUE)) %>%
mutate(official = gsub("f", "ph", official)) %>%
transmute(official = tolower(official), atc), by = c(name_lower = "official")) %>%
rename(atc3 = atc) %>%
left_join(ab_old %>%
mutate(official = gsub(", combinations", "", official, fixed = TRUE)) %>%
mutate(official = gsub("t", "th", official)) %>%
transmute(official = tolower(official), atc), by = c(name_lower = "official")) %>%
rename(atc4 = atc) %>%
left_join(ab_old %>%
mutate(official = gsub(", combinations", "", official, fixed = TRUE)) %>%
mutate(official = gsub("f", "ph", official)) %>%
mutate(official = gsub("t", "th", official)) %>%
transmute(official = tolower(official), atc), by = c(name_lower = "official")) %>%
rename(atc5 = atc) %>%
left_join(ab_old %>%
mutate(official = gsub(", combinations", "", official, fixed = TRUE)) %>%
mutate(official = gsub("f", "ph", official)) %>%
mutate(official = gsub("t", "th", official)) %>%
mutate(official = gsub("ine$", "in", official)) %>%
transmute(official = tolower(official), atc), by = c(name_lower = "official")) %>%
rename(atc6 = atc) %>%
mutate(atc = case_when(!is.na(atc1) ~ atc1,
!is.na(atc2) ~ atc2,
!is.na(atc3) ~ atc3,
!is.na(atc4) ~ atc4,
!is.na(atc4) ~ atc5,
TRUE ~ atc6)) %>%
distinct(ab, name, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
select(ab, atc, name)
abx_atc2 <- ab_old %>%
filter(!atc %in% abx_atc1$atc,
is.na(ears_net),
!is.na(atc_group1),
!atc_group1 %like% ("virus|vaccin|viral|immun"),
!official %like% "(combinations| with )") %>%
mutate(ab = NA_character_) %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
select(ab, atc, name = official)
abx2 <- bind_rows(abx_atc1, abx_atc2)
rm(abx_atc1)
rm(abx_atc2)
abx2$ab[is.na(abx2$ab)] <- toupper(abbreviate(gsub("[/0-9-]",
" ",
abx2$name[is.na(abx2$ab)]),
minlength = 3,
method = "left.kept",
strict = TRUE))
n_distinct(abx2$ab)
abx2 <- abx2 %>% arrange(ab)
seqnr <- 0
# add follow up nrs
for (i in 2:nrow(abx2)) {
if (abx2[i, "ab"] == abx2[i - 1, "ab"]) {
seqnr <- seqnr + 1
abx2[i, "seqnr"] <- seqnr
} else {
seqnr <- 0
}
}
for (i in 2:nrow(abx2)) {
if (!is.na(abx2[i, "seqnr"])) {
abx2[i, "ab"] <- paste0(abx2[i, "ab"], abx2[i, "seqnr"])
}
}
abx2 <- abx2 %>% select(-seqnr) %>% arrange(name)
# everything unique??
nrow(abx2) == n_distinct(abx2$ab)
# get ATC properties
abx2 <- abx2 %>%
left_join(ab_old %>%
select(atc, abbr, atc_group1, atc_group2,
oral_ddd, oral_units, iv_ddd, iv_units))
abx2$abbr <- lapply(as.list(abx2$abbr), function(x) unlist(strsplit(x, "|", fixed = TRUE)))
# vector with official names, returns vector with CIDs
get_CID <- function(ab) {
CID <- rep(NA_integer_, length(ab))
p <- progress_estimated(n = length(ab), min_time = 0)
for (i in 1:length(ab)) {
p$tick()$print()
CID[i] <- tryCatch(
data.table::fread(paste0("https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug/compound/name/",
URLencode(ab[i], reserved = TRUE),
"/cids/TXT?name_type=complete"),
showProgress = FALSE)[[1]][1],
error = function(e) NA_integer_)
if (is.na(CID[i])) {
# try with removing the text in brackets
CID[i] <- tryCatch(
data.table::fread(paste0("https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug/compound/name/",
URLencode(trimws(gsub("[(].*[)]", "", ab[i])), reserved = TRUE),
"/cids/TXT?name_type=complete"),
showProgress = FALSE)[[1]][1],
error = function(e) NA_integer_)
}
if (is.na(CID[i])) {
# try match on word and take the lowest CID value (sorted)
ab[i] <- gsub("[^a-z0-9]+", " ", ab[i], ignore.case = TRUE)
CID[i] <- tryCatch(
data.table::fread(paste0("https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug/compound/name/",
URLencode(ab[i], reserved = TRUE),
"/cids/TXT?name_type=word"),
showProgress = FALSE)[[1]][1],
error = function(e) NA_integer_)
}
Sys.sleep(0.1)
}
CID
}
# get CIDs (2-3 min)
CIDs <- get_CID(abx2$name)
# These could not be found:
abx2[is.na(CIDs),] %>% View()
# returns list with synonyms (brand names), with CIDs as names
get_synonyms <- function(CID, clean = TRUE) {
synonyms <- rep(NA_character_, length(CID))
p <- progress_estimated(n = length(CID), min_time = 0)
for (i in 1:length(CID)) {
p$tick()$print()
synonyms_txt <- ""
if (is.na(CID[i])) {
next
}
synonyms_txt <- tryCatch(
data.table::fread(paste0("https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug/compound/fastidentity/cid/",
CID[i],
"/synonyms/TXT"),
sep = "\n",
showProgress = FALSE)[[1]],
error = function(e) NA_character_)
Sys.sleep(0.1)
if (clean == TRUE) {
# remove text between brackets
synonyms_txt <- trimws(gsub("[(].*[)]", "",
gsub("[[].*[]]", "",
gsub("[(].*[]]", "",
gsub("[[].*[)]", "", synonyms_txt)))))
synonyms_txt <- gsub("Co-", "Co", synonyms_txt, fixed = TRUE)
# only length 6 to 20 and no txt with reading marks or numbers and must start with capital letter (= brand)
synonyms_txt <- synonyms_txt[nchar(synonyms_txt) %in% c(6:20)
& !grepl("[-&{},_0-9/]", synonyms_txt)
& grepl("^[A-Z]", synonyms_txt, ignore.case = FALSE)]
synonyms_txt <- unlist(strsplit(synonyms_txt, ";", fixed = TRUE))
}
synonyms_txt <- unique(trimws(synonyms_txt[tolower(synonyms_txt) %in% unique(tolower(synonyms_txt))]))
synonyms[i] <- list(sort(synonyms_txt))
}
names(synonyms) <- CID
synonyms
}
# get brand names from PubChem (2-3 min)
synonyms <- get_synonyms(CIDs)
synonyms <- lapply(synonyms,
function(x) {
if (length(x) == 0 | all(is.na(x))) {
""
} else {
x
}})
# add them to data set
antibiotics <- abx2 %>%
left_join(DRGLST %>%
select(ab = WHON5_CODE, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %>%
distinct(ab, .keep_all = TRUE), by = "ab") %>%
transmute(ab,
atc,
cid = CIDs,
# no capital after a slash: Ampicillin/Sulbactam -> Ampicillin/sulbactam
name = name %>%
gsub("([/-])([A-Z])", "\\1\\L\\2", ., perl = TRUE) %>%
gsub("edta", "EDTA", ., ignore.case = TRUE),
group = case_when(
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "am(ph|f)enicol" ~ "Amphenicols",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "aminoglycoside" ~ "Aminoglycosides",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "carbapenem" | name %like% "(imipenem|meropenem)" ~ "Carbapenems",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "First-generation cephalosporin" ~ "Cephalosporins (1st gen.)",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "Second-generation cephalosporin" ~ "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "Third-generation cephalosporin" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "Fourth-generation cephalosporin" ~ "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "(tuberculosis|mycobacter)" ~ "Antimycobacterials",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "cephalosporin" ~ "Cephalosporins",
name %like% "^Ce" & is.na(atc_group1) & paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "beta-?lactam" ~ "Cephalosporins",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "(beta-?lactam|penicillin)" ~ "Beta-lactams/penicillins",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "quinolone" ~ "Quinolones",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "glycopeptide" ~ "Glycopeptides",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "macrolide" ~ "Macrolides/lincosamides",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "tetracycline" ~ "Tetracyclines",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "trimethoprim" ~ "Trimethoprims",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "polymyxin" ~ "Polymyxins",
paste(atc_group1, atc_group2, CLASS, SUBCLASS) %like% "(fungal|mycot)" ~ "Antifungals/antimycotics",
TRUE ~ "Other antibacterials"
),
atc_group1, atc_group2,
abbreviations = unname(abbr),
synonyms = unname(synonyms),
oral_ddd, oral_units,
iv_ddd, iv_units) %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
# some exceptions
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "DOX"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("dox", "doxy"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "FLC"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("clox"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CEC"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c(antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CEC"), "abbreviations"][[1]], "CFC")) # cefaclor old WHONET4 code
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "AMX"), "synonyms"][[1]] <- list(sort(c(antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "AMX"), "synonyms"][[1]], "Amoxy")))
# 'Polymixin B' (POL) and 'Polymyxin B' (PLB) both exist, so:
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "PLB"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c(antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "PLB"), "abbreviations"][[1]], "POL", "Polymixin", "Polymixin B"))
antibiotics <- filter(antibiotics, ab != "POL")
# 'Latamoxef' (LTM) and 'Moxalactam (Latamoxef)' (MOX) both exist, so:
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "LTM"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("MOX", "moxa"))
antibiotics <- filter(antibiotics, ab != "MOX")
# RFP and RFP1 (the J0 one) both mean 'rifapentine', although 'rifp' is not recognised, so:
antibiotics <- filter(antibiotics, ab != "RFP")
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "RFP1"), "ab"] <- "RFP"
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "RFP"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("rifp"))
# Rifampicin is better known as a drug than Rifampin (Rifampin is still listed as a brand name), so:
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "RIF"), "name"] <- "Rifampicin"
# PME and PVM1 (the J0 one) both mean 'Pivmecillinam', so:
antibiotics <- filter(antibiotics, ab != "PME")
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "PVM1"), "ab"] <- "PME"
# Remove Sinecatechins
antibiotics <- filter(antibiotics, ab != "SNC")
# ESBL E-test codes:
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CCV"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("xtzl"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CAZ"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c(antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CAZ"), "abbreviations"][[1]], "xtz", "cefta"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CPC"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("xpml"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "FEP"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c(antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "FEP"), "abbreviations"][[1]], "xpm"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CTC"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("xctl"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CTX"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c(antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "CTX"), "abbreviations"][[1]], "xct"))
# High level Gentamcin and Streptomycin
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "GEH"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("gehl"))
antibiotics[which(antibiotics$ab == "STH"), "abbreviations"][[1]] <- list(c("sthl"))
antibiotics <- antibiotics %>% arrange(name)
# set cephalosporins groups for the ones that could not be determined automatically:
antibiotics <- antibiotics %>%
mutate(group = case_when(
name == "Cefcapene" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefcapene pivoxil" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefditoren pivoxil" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefepime/clavulanic acid" ~ "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
name == "Cefepime/tazobactam" ~ "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
name == "Cefetamet pivoxil" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefetecol (Cefcatacol)" ~ "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
name == "Cefetrizole" ~ "Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.)",
name == "Cefoselis" ~ "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
name == "Cefotaxime/clavulanic acid" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefotaxime/sulbactam" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefotiam hexetil" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefovecin" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefozopran" ~ "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
name == "Cefpimizole" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefpodoxime proxetil" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefpodoxime/clavulanic acid" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefquinome" ~ "Cephalosporins (4th gen.)",
name == "Cefsumide" ~ "Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.)",
name == "Ceftaroline" ~ "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
name == "Ceftaroline/avibactam" ~ "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
name == "Ceftazidime/avibactam" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefteram" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Cefteram pivoxil" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Ceftiofur" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Ceftizoxime alapivoxil" ~ "Cephalosporins (3rd gen.)",
name == "Ceftobiprole" ~ "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
name == "Ceftobiprole medocaril" ~ "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
name == "Ceftolozane/enzyme inhibitor" ~ "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
name == "Ceftolozane/tazobactam" ~ "Cephalosporins (5th gen.)",
name == "Cefuroxime axetil" ~ "Cephalosporins (2nd gen.)",
TRUE ~ group))
# set as data.frame again
antibiotics <- as.data.frame(antibiotics, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
class(antibiotics$ab) <- "ab"
dim(antibiotics) # for R/data.R
usethis::use_data(antibiotics, overwrite = TRUE)
rm(antibiotics)
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@@ -1,739 +0,0 @@
# Reproduction of the `microorganisms` data set
# Data retrieved from the Catalogue of Life (CoL) through the Encyclopaedia of Life:
# https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/catalogue-of-life/
# (download the resource file with a name like "Catalogue of Life yyyy-mm-dd")
# and from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures
# https://www.dsmz.de/support/bacterial-nomenclature-up-to-date-downloads.html
# (download the latest "Complete List" as xlsx file)
library(dplyr)
library(AMR)
# unzip and extract taxon.tab (around 1.5 GB) from the CoL archive, then:
data_col <- data.table::fread("data-raw/taxon.tab")
# read the xlsx file from DSMZ (only around 2.5 MB):
data_dsmz <- readxl::read_xlsx("data-raw/DSMZ_bactnames.xlsx")
# the CoL data is over 3.7M rows:
data_col %>% freq(kingdom)
# Item Count Percent Cum. Count Cum. Percent
# --- ---------- ---------- -------- ----------- -------------
# 1 Animalia 2,225,627 59.1% 2,225,627 59.1%
# 2 Plantae 1,177,412 31.3% 3,403,039 90.4%
# 3 Fungi 290,145 7.7% 3,693,184 98.1%
# 4 Chromista 47,126 1.3% 3,740,310 99.3%
# 5 Bacteria 14,478 0.4% 3,754,788 99.7%
# 6 Protozoa 6,060 0.2% 3,760,848 99.9%
# 7 Viruses 3,827 0.1% 3,764,675 100.0%
# 8 Archaea 610 0.0% 3,765,285 100.0%
# clean data_col
data_col <- data_col %>%
as_tibble() %>%
select(col_id = taxonID,
col_id_new = acceptedNameUsageID,
fullname = scientificName,
kingdom,
phylum,
class,
order,
family,
genus,
species = specificEpithet,
subspecies = infraspecificEpithet,
rank = taxonRank,
ref = scientificNameAuthorship,
species_id = furtherInformationURL)
data_col$source <- "CoL"
# clean data_dsmz
data_dsmz <- data_dsmz %>%
as_tibble() %>%
transmute(col_id = NA_integer_,
col_id_new = NA_integer_,
fullname = "",
# kingdom = "",
# phylum = "",
# class = "",
# order = "",
# family = "",
genus = ifelse(is.na(GENUS), "", GENUS),
species = ifelse(is.na(SPECIES), "", SPECIES),
subspecies = ifelse(is.na(SUBSPECIES), "", SUBSPECIES),
rank = ifelse(species == "", "genus", "species"),
ref = AUTHORS,
species_id = as.character(RECORD_NO),
source = "DSMZ")
# DSMZ only contains genus/(sub)species, try to find taxonomic properties based on genus and data_col
ref_taxonomy <- data_col %>%
filter(genus %in% data_dsmz$genus,
family != "") %>%
distinct(genus, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
select(kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus)
data_dsmz <- data_dsmz %>%
left_join(ref_taxonomy, by = "genus") %>%
mutate(kingdom = "Bacteria",
phylum = ifelse(is.na(phylum), "(unknown phylum)", phylum),
class = ifelse(is.na(class), "(unknown class)", class),
order = ifelse(is.na(order), "(unknown order)", order),
family = ifelse(is.na(family), "(unknown family)", family),
)
# combine everything
data_total <- data_col %>%
bind_rows(data_dsmz)
rm(data_col)
rm(data_dsmz)
rm(ref_taxonomy)
mo_found_in_NL <- c("Absidia", "Acremonium", "Actinotignum", "Aedes", "Alternaria", "Anaerosalibacter", "Ancylostoma",
"Angiostrongylus", "Anisakis", "Anopheles", "Apophysomyces", "Arachnia", "Ascaris", "Aspergillus",
"Aureobacterium", "Aureobasidium", "Bacteroides", "Balantidum", "Basidiobolus", "Beauveria",
"Bilophilia", "Blastocystis", "Branhamella", "Brochontrix", "Brugia", "Calymmatobacterium", "Candida", "Capillaria",
"Capnocytophaga", "Catabacter", "Cdc", "Chaetomium", "Chilomastix", "Chryseobacterium",
"Chryseomonas", "Chrysonilia", "Cladophialophora", "Cladosporium", "Clonorchis", "Conidiobolus",
"Contracaecum", "Cordylobia", "Cryptococcus", "Curvularia", "Demodex", "Dermatobia", "Dicrocoelium",
"Dioctophyma", "Diphyllobothrium", "Dipylidium", "Dirofilaria", "Dracunculus", "Echinococcus",
"Echinostoma", "Elisabethkingia", "Enterobius", "Enteromonas", "Euascomycetes", "Exophiala",
"Exserohilum", "Fasciola", "Fasciolopsis", "Flavobacterium", "Fonsecaea", "Fusarium", "Fusobacterium",
"Giardia", "Gnathostoma", "Hendersonula", "Heterophyes", "Hymenolepis", "Hypomyces",
"Hysterothylacium", "Kloeckera", "Koserella", "Larva", "Lecythophora", "Leishmania", "Lelliottia",
"Leptomyxida", "Leptosphaeria", "Leptotrichia", "Loa", "Lucilia", "Lumbricus", "Malassezia",
"Malbranchea", "Mansonella", "Mesocestoides", "Metagonimus", "Metarrhizium", "Molonomonas",
"Mortierella", "Mucor", "Multiceps", "Mycocentrospora", "Mycoplasma", "Nanophetus", "Nattrassia",
"Necator", "Nectria", "Novospingobium", "Ochroconis", "Oesophagostomum", "Oidiodendron", "Onchocerca",
"Opisthorchis", "Opistorchis", "Paragonimus", "Paramyxovirus", "Pediculus", "Phlebotomus",
"Phocanema", "Phoma", "Phthirus", "Piedraia", "Pithomyces", "Pityrosporum", "Prevotella",
"Pseudallescheria", "Pseudoterranova", "Pulex", "Retortamonas", "Rhizomucor", "Rhizopus",
"Rhodotorula", "Salinococcus", "Sanguibacteroides", "Sarcophagidae", "Sarcoptes", "Schistosoma",
"Scolecobasidium", "Scopulariopsis", "Scytalidium", "Spirometra", "Sporobolomyces", "Stachybotrys",
"Stenotrophomononas", "Stomatococcus", "Strongyloides", "Syncephalastraceae", "Syngamus", "Taenia",
"Ternidens", "Torulopsis", "Toxocara", "Toxoplasma", "Treponema", "Trichinella", "Trichobilharzia", "Trichoderma",
"Trichomonas", "Trichophyton", "Trichosporon", "Trichostrongylus", "Trichuris", "Tritirachium",
"Trombicula", "Trypanosoma", "Tunga", "Ureaplasma", "Wuchereria")
MOs <- data_total %>%
filter(
(
# we only want all MICROorganisms and no viruses
!kingdom %in% c("Animalia", "Plantae", "Viruses")
# and not all fungi: Aspergillus, Candida, Trichphyton and Pneumocystis are the most important,
# so only keep these orders from the fungi:
& !(kingdom == "Fungi"
& !order %in% c("Eurotiales", "Microascales", "Mucorales", "Saccharomycetales", "Schizosaccharomycetales", "Tremellales", "Onygenales", "Pneumocystales"))
)
# or the genus has to be one of the genera we found in our hospitals last decades (Northern Netherlands, 2002-2018)
| genus %in% mo_found_in_NL
# or the taxonomic entry is old - the species was renamed
| !is.na(col_id_new)
) %>%
# really no Plantae (e.g. Dracunculus exist both as worm and as plant)
filter(kingdom != "Plantae") %>%
filter(!rank %in% c("kingdom", "phylum", "class", "order", "family", "genus"))
# include all ranks other than species for the included species
MOs <- MOs %>% bind_rows(data_total %>%
filter((kingdom %in% MOs$kingdom & rank == "kingdom")
| (phylum %in% MOs$phylum & rank == "phylum")
| (class %in% MOs$class & rank == "class")
| (order %in% MOs$order & rank == "order")
| (family %in% MOs$family & rank == "family")
| (genus %in% MOs$genus & rank == "genus")))
# filter old taxonomic names so only the ones with an existing reference will be kept
MOs <- MOs %>%
filter(is.na(col_id_new) | (!is.na(col_id_new) & col_id_new %in% MOs$col_id))
MOs <- MOs %>%
# remove text if it contains 'Not assigned' like phylum in viruses
mutate_all(~gsub("(Not assigned|\\[homonym\\]|\\[mistake\\])", "", ., ignore.case = TRUE))
MOs <- MOs %>%
# Only keep first author, e.g. transform 'Smith, Jones, 2011' to 'Smith et al., 2011':
mutate(authors2 = iconv(ref, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT"),
# remove leading and trailing brackets
authors2 = gsub("^[(](.*)[)]$", "\\1", authors2),
# only take part after brackets if there's a name
authors2 = ifelse(grepl(".*[)] [a-zA-Z]+.*", authors2),
gsub(".*[)] (.*)", "\\1", authors2),
authors2),
# get year from last 4 digits
lastyear = as.integer(gsub(".*([0-9]{4})$", "\\1", authors2)),
# can never be later than now
lastyear = ifelse(lastyear > as.integer(format(Sys.Date(), "%Y")),
NA,
lastyear),
# get authors without last year
authors = gsub("(.*)[0-9]{4}$", "\\1", authors2),
# remove nonsense characters from names
authors = gsub("[^a-zA-Z,'& -]", "", authors),
# remove trailing and leading spaces
authors = trimws(authors),
# only keep first author and replace all others by 'et al'
authors = gsub("(,| and| et| &| ex| emend\\.?) .*", " et al.", authors),
# et al. always with ending dot
authors = gsub(" et al\\.?", " et al.", authors),
authors = gsub(" ?,$", "", authors),
# don't start with 'sensu' or 'ehrenb'
authors = gsub("^(sensu|Ehrenb.?) ", "", authors, ignore.case = TRUE),
# no initials, only surname
authors = gsub("^([A-Z]+ )+", "", authors, ignore.case = FALSE),
# combine author and year if year is available
ref = ifelse(!is.na(lastyear),
paste0(authors, ", ", lastyear),
authors),
# fix beginning and ending
ref = gsub(", $", "", ref),
ref = gsub("^, ", "", ref),
ref = gsub("^(emend|et al.,?)", "", ref),
ref = trimws(ref)
)
# a lot start with a lowercase character - fix that
MOs$ref[!grepl("^d[A-Z]", MOs$ref)] <- gsub("^([a-z])", "\\U\\1", MOs$ref[!grepl("^d[A-Z]", MOs$ref)], perl = TRUE)
# specific one for the French that are named dOrbigny
MOs$ref[grepl("^d[A-Z]", MOs$ref)] <- gsub("^d", "d'", MOs$ref[grepl("^d[A-Z]", MOs$ref)])
# Remove non-ASCII characters (these are not allowed by CRAN)
MOs <- MOs %>%
lapply(iconv, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT") %>%
as_tibble(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
# remove invalid characters
mutate_all(~gsub("[\"'`]+", "", .))
# Split old taxonomic names - they refer in the original data to a new `taxonID` with `acceptedNameUsageID`
MOs.old <- MOs %>%
filter(!is.na(col_id_new),
ref != "",
source != "DSMZ") %>%
transmute(col_id,
col_id_new,
fullname =
trimws(
gsub("(.*)[(].*", "\\1",
stringr::str_replace(
string = fullname,
pattern = stringr::fixed(authors2),
replacement = "")) %>%
gsub(" (var|f|subsp)[.]", "", .)),
ref) %>%
filter(!is.na(fullname)) %>%
distinct(fullname, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
arrange(col_id)
MO.bak <- MOs
MOs <- MOs %>%
filter(is.na(col_id_new) | source == "DSMZ") %>%
transmute(col_id,
fullname = trimws(case_when(rank == "family" ~ family,
rank == "order" ~ order,
rank == "class" ~ class,
rank == "phylum" ~ phylum,
rank == "kingdom" ~ kingdom,
TRUE ~ paste(genus, species, subspecies))),
kingdom,
phylum,
class,
order,
family,
genus = gsub(":", "", genus),
species,
subspecies,
rank,
ref,
species_id = gsub(".*/([a-f0-9]+)", "\\1", species_id),
source) %>%
#distinct(fullname, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
filter(!grepl("unassigned", fullname, ignore.case = TRUE)) %>%
# prefer DSMZ over CoL, since that's more recent
arrange(desc(source)) %>%
distinct(kingdom, fullname, .keep_all = TRUE)
# remove all genera that have no species - they are irrelevant for microbiology and almost all from the kingdom of Animalia
to_remove <- MOs %>%
filter(!kingdom %in% c("Bacteria", "Protozoa")) %>%
group_by(kingdom, genus) %>%
count() %>%
filter(n == 1) %>%
ungroup() %>%
mutate(kingdom_genus = paste(kingdom, genus)) %>%
pull(kingdom_genus)
MOs <- MOs %>% filter(!(paste(kingdom, genus) %in% to_remove))
rm(to_remove)
# add CoL's col_id, source and ref from MOs.bak, for the cases where DSMZ took preference
MOs <- MOs %>%
mutate(kingdom_fullname = paste(kingdom, fullname)) %>%
left_join(MO.bak %>%
filter(is.na(col_id_new), !is.na(col_id)) %>%
transmute(col_id, species_id, source, ref, kingdom_fullname = trimws(paste(kingdom, genus, species, subspecies))),
by = "kingdom_fullname",
suffix = c("_dsmz", "_col")) %>%
mutate(col_id = col_id_col,
species_id = ifelse(!is.na(species_id_col), gsub(".*/(.*)$", "\\1", species_id_col), species_id_dsmz),
source = ifelse(!is.na(species_id_col), source_col, source_dsmz),
ref = ifelse(!is.na(species_id_col) & ref_col != "", ref_col, ref_dsmz)) %>%
select(-matches("(_col|_dsmz|kingdom_fullname)"))
MOs.old <- MOs.old %>%
# remove the ones that are in the MOs data set
filter(col_id_new %in% MOs$col_id) %>%
# and remove the ones that have the exact same fullname in the MOs data set, like Moraxella catarrhalis
left_join(MOs, by = "fullname") %>%
filter(col_id_new != col_id.y | is.na(col_id.y)) %>%
select(col_id = col_id.x, col_id_new, fullname, ref = ref.x)
# remove the records that are in MOs.old
sum(MOs.old$fullname %in% MOs$fullname)
MOs <- MOs %>% filter(!fullname %in% MOs.old$fullname)
sum(MOs.old$fullname %in% MOs$fullname)
# what characters are in the fullnames?
table(sort(unlist(strsplit(x = paste(MOs$fullname, collapse = ""), split = ""))))
table(MOs$kingdom, MOs$rank)
table(AMR::microorganisms$kingdom, AMR::microorganisms$rank)
# set prevalence per species
MOs <- MOs %>%
mutate(prevalence = case_when(
class == "Gammaproteobacteria"
| genus %in% c("Enterococcus", "Staphylococcus", "Streptococcus")
~ 1,
kingdom %in% c("Archaea", "Bacteria", "Chromista", "Fungi")
& (phylum %in% c("Proteobacteria",
"Firmicutes",
"Actinobacteria",
"Sarcomastigophora")
| genus %in% mo_found_in_NL
| rank %in% c("kingdom", "phylum", "class", "order", "family"))
~ 2,
TRUE ~ 3
))
# Add abbreviations so we can easily know which ones are which ones.
# These will become valid and unique microbial IDs for the AMR package.
MOs <- MOs %>%
arrange(prevalence, genus, species, subspecies) %>%
group_by(kingdom) %>%
mutate(abbr_other = case_when(
rank == "family" ~ paste0("[FAM]_",
abbreviate(family,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "order" ~ paste0("[ORD]_",
abbreviate(order,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "class" ~ paste0("[CLS]_",
abbreviate(class,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "phylum" ~ paste0("[PHL]_",
abbreviate(phylum,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "kingdom" ~ paste0("[KNG]_", kingdom),
TRUE ~ NA_character_
)) %>%
# abbreviations may be same for genera between kingdoms,
# because each abbreviation starts with the the first character(s) of the kingdom
mutate(abbr_genus = abbreviate(gsub("^ae", "\u00E6\u00E6", genus, ignore.case = TRUE), # keep a starting Latin ae
minlength = 5,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides")) %>%
ungroup() %>%
group_by(genus) %>%
# species abbreviations may be the same between genera
# because the genus abbreviation is part of the abbreviation
mutate(abbr_species = abbreviate(gsub("^ae", "\u00E6\u00E6", species),
minlength = 4,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides")) %>%
ungroup() %>%
group_by(genus, species) %>%
mutate(abbr_subspecies = abbreviate(gsub("^ae", "\u00E6\u00E6", subspecies),
minlength = 4,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides")) %>%
ungroup() %>%
# remove trailing underscores
mutate(mo = gsub("_+$", "",
toupper(paste(ifelse(kingdom %in% c("Animalia", "Plantae"),
substr(kingdom, 1, 2),
substr(kingdom, 1, 1)),
ifelse(is.na(abbr_other),
paste(abbr_genus,
abbr_species,
abbr_subspecies,
sep = "_"),
abbr_other),
sep = "_"))),
mo = gsub("(\u00C6|\u00E6)+", "AE", mo)) %>%
mutate(mo = ifelse(duplicated(.$mo),
# these one or two must be unique too
paste0(mo, "1"),
mo),
fullname = ifelse(fullname == "",
trimws(paste(genus, species, subspecies)),
fullname)) %>%
# put `mo` in front, followed by the rest
select(mo, everything(), -abbr_other, -abbr_genus, -abbr_species, -abbr_subspecies)
# add non-taxonomic entries
MOs <- MOs %>%
bind_rows(
# Unknowns
data.frame(mo = "UNKNOWN",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown name)",
kingdom = "(unknown kingdom)",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown genus)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "(unknown rank)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
prevalence = 1,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
data.frame(mo = "B_GRAMN",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown Gram-negatives)",
kingdom = "Bacteria",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown Gram-negatives)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "species",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
prevalence = 1,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
data.frame(mo = "B_GRAMP",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown Gram-positives)",
kingdom = "Bacteria",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown Gram-positives)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "species",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
prevalence = 1,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
data.frame(mo = "F_YEAST",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown yeast)",
kingdom = "Fungi",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown genus)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "species",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
prevalence = 2,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
data.frame(mo = "F_FUNGUS",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown fungus)",
kingdom = "Fungi",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown genus)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "species",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
prevalence = 2,
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
# CoNS
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Staphylococcus", species == "epidermidis") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_CONS", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "coagulase-negative",
fullname = "Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# CoPS
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Staphylococcus", species == "epidermidis") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_COPS", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "coagulase-positive",
fullname = "Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# Streptococci groups A, B, C, F, H, K
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "pyogenes") %>% .[1,] %>%
# we can keep all other details, since S. pyogenes is the only member of group A
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPA", mo),
species = "group A" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group A",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
# we can keep all other details, since S. agalactiae is the only member of group B
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPB", mo),
species = "group B" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group B",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "dysgalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPC", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group C" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group C",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPD", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group D" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group D",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPF", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group F" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group F",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPG", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group G" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group G",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPH", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group H" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group H",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_GRPK", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group K" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group K",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# Beta haemolytic Streptococci
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_HAEM", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "beta-haemolytic" ,
fullname = "Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# Viridans Streptococci
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_VIRI", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "viridans" ,
fullname = "Viridans Group Streptococcus (VGS)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# Milleri Streptococci
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_MILL", mo),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "milleri" ,
fullname = "Milleri Group Streptococcus (MGS)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# Blastocystis hominis does not exist (it means 'got a Bastocystis from humans', PMID 15634993)
# but let's be nice to the clinical people in microbiology
MOs %>%
filter(fullname == "Blastocystis") %>%
mutate(mo = paste0(mo, "_HMNS"),
fullname = paste(fullname, "hominis"),
species = "hominis",
col_id = NA,
source = "manually added",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = ""),
# Trichomonas vaginalis is missing, same order as Dientamoeba
MOs %>%
filter(fullname == "Dientamoeba") %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*?)_.*", "\\1_THMNS", mo),
col_id = NA,
fullname = "Trichomonas",
family = "Trichomonadidae",
genus = "Trichomonas",
source = "manually added",
ref = "Donne, 1836",
species_id = ""),
MOs %>%
filter(fullname == "Dientamoeba fragilis") %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*?)_.*", "\\1_THMNS_VAG", mo),
col_id = NA,
fullname = "Trichomonas vaginalis",
family = "Trichomonadidae",
genus = "Trichomonas",
species = "vaginalis",
source = "manually added",
ref = "Donne, 1836",
species_id = ""),
MOs %>% # add family as such too
filter(fullname == "Monocercomonadidae") %>%
mutate(mo = gsub("(.*)_(.*)_.*", "\\1_\\2_TRCHMNDD", mo),
col_id = NA,
fullname = "Trichomonadidae",
family = "Trichomonadidae",
rank = "family",
genus = "",
species = "",
source = "manually added",
ref = "",
species_id = ""),
)
MOs <- MOs %>%
group_by(kingdom) %>%
distinct(fullname, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
ungroup() %>%
filter(fullname != "")
# add prevalence to old taxonomic names
MOs.old <- MOs.old %>%
left_join(MOs %>% select(col_id, prevalence), by = c("col_id_new" = "col_id"))
# everything distinct?
sum(duplicated(MOs$mo))
sum(duplicated(MOs$fullname))
colnames(MOs)
# here we welcome the new ones:
MOs %>% arrange(fullname) %>% filter(!fullname %in% AMR::microorganisms$fullname) %>% View()
MOs.old %>% arrange(fullname) %>% filter(!fullname %in% AMR::microorganisms.old$fullname) %>% View()
# and the ones we lost:
AMR::microorganisms %>% filter(!fullname %in% MOs$fullname) %>% View()
# and these IDs have changed:
old_new <- MOs %>%
mutate(kingdom_fullname = paste(kingdom, fullname)) %>%
filter(kingdom_fullname %in% (AMR::microorganisms %>% mutate(kingdom_fullname = paste(kingdom, fullname)) %>% pull(kingdom_fullname))) %>%
left_join(AMR::microorganisms %>% mutate(kingdom_fullname = paste(kingdom, fullname)) %>% select(mo, kingdom_fullname), by = "kingdom_fullname", suffix = c("_new", "_old")) %>%
filter(mo_new != mo_old) %>%
select(mo_old, mo_new, everything())
old_new %>%
View()
# and these codes are now missing (which will throw a unit test error):
AMR::microorganisms.codes %>% filter(!mo %in% MOs$mo)
AMR::rsi_translation %>% filter(!mo %in% MOs$mo)
AMR::microorganisms.translation %>% filter(!mo_new %in% MOs$mo)
# this is how to fix it
microorganisms.codes <- AMR::microorganisms.codes %>%
left_join(MOs %>%
mutate(kingdom_fullname = paste(kingdom, fullname)) %>%
left_join(AMR::microorganisms %>%
mutate(kingdom_fullname = paste(kingdom, fullname)) %>%
select(mo, kingdom_fullname), by = "kingdom_fullname", suffix = c("_new", "_old")) %>%
select(mo_old, mo_new),
by = c("mo" = "mo_old")) %>%
select(code, mo = mo_new) %>%
filter(!is.na(mo))
microorganisms.codes %>% filter(!mo %in% MOs$mo)
# arrange
MOs <- MOs %>% arrange(fullname)
MOs.old <- MOs.old %>% arrange(fullname)
microorganisms.codes <- microorganisms.codes %>% arrange(code)
# transform
MOs <- as.data.frame(MOs, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
MOs.old <- as.data.frame(MOs.old, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
microorganisms.codes <- as.data.frame(microorganisms.codes, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
class(MOs$mo) <- "mo"
class(microorganisms.codes$mo) <- "mo"
MOs$col_id <- as.integer(MOs$col_id)
MOs.old$col_id <- as.integer(MOs.old$col_id)
MOs.old$col_id_new <- as.integer(MOs.old$col_id_new)
# SAVE
### for other server
saveRDS(MOs, "microorganisms.rds")
saveRDS(MOs.old, "microorganisms.old.rds")
saveRDS(microorganisms.codes, "microorganisms.codes.rds")
### for same server
microorganisms <- MOs
microorganisms.old <- MOs.old
microorganisms.translation <- old_new %>% select(mo_old, mo_new)
class(microorganisms.translation$mo_old) <- "mo"
class(microorganisms.translation$mo_new) <- "mo"
# on the server, do:
usethis::use_data(microorganisms, overwrite = TRUE, version = 2)
usethis::use_data(microorganisms.old, overwrite = TRUE, version = 2)
usethis::use_data(microorganisms.codes, overwrite = TRUE, version = 2)
saveRDS(microorganisms.translation, file = "data-raw/microorganisms.translation.rds", version = 2) # this one will be covered in data-raw/internals.R
rm(microorganisms)
rm(microorganisms.old)
rm(microorganisms.codes)
rm(microorganisms.translation)
devtools::load_all(".")
# TO DO AFTER THIS
# * Update the year and dim()s in R/data.R
# * Rerun data-raw/reproduction_of_rsi_translation.R
# * Run unit tests
@@ -1,661 +0,0 @@
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Reproduction of the `microorganisms` data set
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Data retrieved from:
#
# [1] Catalogue of Life (CoL) through the Encyclopaedia of Life
# https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/catalogue-of-life/
# * Download the resource file with a name like "Catalogue of Life yyyy-mm-dd"
# * Extract "taxon.tab"
#
# [2] Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
# https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei
# * Extract "Taxon.tsv"
#
# [3] Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ)
# https://www.dsmz.de/support/bacterial-nomenclature-up-to-date-downloads.html
# * Download the latest "Complete List" as xlsx file (DSMZ_bactnames.xlsx)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
library(dplyr)
library(AMR)
data_col <- data.table::fread("Documents/taxon.tab")
data_gbif <- data.table::fread("Documents/Taxon.tsv")
# read the xlsx file from DSMZ (only around 2.5 MB):
data_dsmz <- readxl::read_xlsx("Downloads/DSMZ_bactnames.xlsx")
# the CoL data is over 3.7M rows:
data_col %>% freq(kingdom)
# Item Count Percent Cum. Count Cum. Percent
# --- ---------- ---------- -------- ----------- -------------
# 1 Animalia 2,225,627 59.1% 2,225,627 59.1%
# 2 Plantae 1,177,412 31.3% 3,403,039 90.4%
# 3 Fungi 290,145 7.7% 3,693,184 98.1%
# 4 Chromista 47,126 1.3% 3,740,310 99.3%
# 5 Bacteria 14,478 0.4% 3,754,788 99.7%
# 6 Protozoa 6,060 0.2% 3,760,848 99.9%
# 7 Viruses 3,827 0.1% 3,764,675 100.0%
# 8 Archaea 610 0.0% 3,765,285 100.0%
# the GBIF data is over 5.8M rows:
data_gbif %>% freq(kingdom)
# Item Count Percent Cum. Count Cum. Percent
# --- --------------- ---------- -------- ----------- -------------
# 1 Animalia 3,264,138 55.7% 3,264,138 55.7%
# 2 Plantae 1,814,962 31.0% 5,079,100 86.7%
# 3 Fungi 538,086 9.2% 5,617,186 95.9%
# 4 Chromista 181,374 3.1% 5,798,560 99.0%
# 5 Bacteria 24,048 0.4% 5,822,608 99.4%
# 6 Protozoa 15,138 0.3% 5,837,746 99.7%
# 7 incertae sedis 9,995 0.2% 5,847,741 99.8%
# 8 Viruses 9,630 0.2% 5,857,371 100.0%
# 9 Archaea 771 0.0% 5,858,142 100.0%
# Clean up helper function ------------------------------------------------
clean_new <- function(new) {
new %>%
# only the ones that have no new ID to refer to a newer name
filter(is.na(col_id_new)) %>%
filter(
(
# we only want all MICROorganisms and no viruses
!kingdom %in% c("Animalia", "Chromista", "Plantae", "Viruses")
# and not all fungi: Aspergillus, Candida, Trichphyton and Pneumocystis are the most important,
# so only keep these orders from the fungi:
& !(kingdom == "Fungi"
& !order %in% c("Eurotiales", "Saccharomycetales", "Schizosaccharomycetales", "Tremellales", "Onygenales", "Pneumocystales"))
)
# or the family has to contain a genus we found in our hospitals last decades (Northern Netherlands, 2002-2018)
| genus %in% c("Absidia", "Acremonium", "Actinotignum", "Alternaria", "Anaerosalibacter", "Ancylostoma", "Anisakis", "Apophysomyces",
"Arachnia", "Ascaris", "Aureobacterium", "Aureobasidium", "Balantidum", "Bilophilia", "Branhamella", "Brochontrix",
"Brugia", "Calymmatobacterium", "Catabacter", "Chilomastix", "Chryseomonas", "Cladophialophora", "Cladosporium",
"Clonorchis", "Cordylobia", "Curvularia", "Demodex", "Dermatobia", "Diphyllobothrium", "Dracunculus", "Echinococcus",
"Enterobius", "Euascomycetes", "Exophiala", "Fasciola", "Fusarium", "Hendersonula", "Hymenolepis", "Kloeckera",
"Koserella", "Larva", "Leishmania", "Lelliottia", "Loa", "Lumbricus", "Malassezia", "Metagonimus", "Molonomonas",
"Mucor", "Nattrassia", "Necator", "Novospingobium", "Onchocerca", "Opistorchis", "Paragonimus", "Paramyxovirus",
"Pediculus", "Phoma", "Phthirus", "Pityrosporum", "Pseudallescheria", "Pulex", "Rhizomucor", "Rhizopus", "Rhodotorula",
"Salinococcus", "Sanguibacteroides", "Schistosoma", "Scopulariopsis", "Scytalidium", "Sporobolomyces", "Stomatococcus",
"Strongyloides", "Syncephalastraceae", "Taenia", "Torulopsis", "Trichinella", "Trichobilharzia", "Trichomonas",
"Trichosporon", "Trichuris", "Trypanosoma", "Wuchereria")) %>%
mutate(
authors2 = iconv(ref, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT"),
# remove leading and trailing brackets
authors2 = gsub("^[(](.*)[)]$", "\\1", authors2),
# only take part after brackets if there's a name
authors2 = ifelse(grepl(".*[)] [a-zA-Z]+.*", authors2),
gsub(".*[)] (.*)", "\\1", authors2),
authors2),
# get year from last 4 digits
lastyear = as.integer(gsub(".*([0-9]{4})$", "\\1", authors2)),
# can never be later than now
lastyear = ifelse(lastyear > as.integer(format(Sys.Date(), "%Y")),
NA,
lastyear),
# get authors without last year
authors = gsub("(.*)[0-9]{4}$", "\\1", authors2),
# remove nonsense characters from names
authors = gsub("[^a-zA-Z,'& -]", "", authors),
# remove trailing and leading spaces
authors = trimws(authors),
# only keep first author and replace all others by 'et al'
authors = gsub("(,| and| et| &| ex| emend\\.?) .*", " et al.", authors),
# et al. always with ending dot
authors = gsub(" et al\\.?", " et al.", authors),
authors = gsub(" ?,$", "", authors),
# don't start with 'sensu' or 'ehrenb'
authors = gsub("^(sensu|Ehrenb.?) ", "", authors, ignore.case = TRUE),
# no initials, only surname
authors = gsub("^([A-Z]+ )+", "", authors, ignore.case = FALSE),
# combine author and year if year is available
ref = ifelse(!is.na(lastyear),
paste0(authors, ", ", lastyear),
authors),
# fix beginning and ending
ref = gsub(", $", "", ref),
ref = gsub("^, ", "", ref)) %>%
# remove text if it contains 'Not assigned' like phylum in viruses
mutate_all(~gsub("Not assigned", "", .)) %>%
# Remove non-ASCII characters (these are not allowed by CRAN)
lapply(iconv, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT") %>%
as_tibble(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
mutate(fullname = trimws(case_when(rank == "family" ~ family,
rank == "order" ~ order,
rank == "class" ~ class,
rank == "phylum" ~ phylum,
rank == "kingdom" ~ kingdom,
TRUE ~ paste(genus, species, subspecies))))
}
clean_old <- function(old, new) {
old %>%
# only the ones that exist in the new data set
filter(col_id_new %in% new$col_id) %>%
mutate(
authors2 = iconv(ref, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT"),
# remove leading and trailing brackets
authors2 = gsub("^[(](.*)[)]$", "\\1", authors2),
# only take part after brackets if there's a name
authors2 = ifelse(grepl(".*[)] [a-zA-Z]+.*", authors2),
gsub(".*[)] (.*)", "\\1", authors2),
authors2),
# get year from last 4 digits
lastyear = as.integer(gsub(".*([0-9]{4})$", "\\1", authors2)),
# can never be later than now
lastyear = ifelse(lastyear > as.integer(format(Sys.Date(), "%Y")),
NA,
lastyear),
# get authors without last year
authors = gsub("(.*)[0-9]{4}$", "\\1", authors2),
# remove nonsense characters from names
authors = gsub("[^a-zA-Z,'& -]", "", authors),
# remove trailing and leading spaces
authors = trimws(authors),
# only keep first author and replace all others by 'et al'
authors = gsub("(,| and| et| &| ex| emend\\.?) .*", " et al.", authors),
# et al. always with ending dot
authors = gsub(" et al\\.?", " et al.", authors),
authors = gsub(" ?,$", "", authors),
# don't start with 'sensu' or 'ehrenb'
authors = gsub("^(sensu|Ehrenb.?) ", "", authors, ignore.case = TRUE),
# no initials, only surname
authors = gsub("^([A-Z]+ )+", "", authors, ignore.case = FALSE),
# combine author and year if year is available
ref = ifelse(!is.na(lastyear),
paste0(authors, ", ", lastyear),
authors),
# fix beginning and ending
ref = gsub(", $", "", ref),
ref = gsub("^, ", "", ref)) %>%
# remove text if it contains 'Not assigned' like phylum in viruses
mutate_all(~gsub("Not assigned", "", .)) %>%
# Remove non-ASCII characters (these are not allowed by CRAN)
lapply(iconv, from = "UTF-8", to = "ASCII//TRANSLIT") %>%
as_tibble(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
select(col_id_new, fullname, ref, authors2) %>%
left_join(new %>% select(col_id, fullname_new = fullname), by = c(col_id_new = "col_id")) %>%
mutate(fullname = trimws(
gsub("(.*)[(].*", "\\1",
stringr::str_replace(
string = fullname,
pattern = stringr::fixed(authors2),
replacement = "")) %>%
gsub(" (var|f|subsp)[.]", "", .))) %>%
select(-c("col_id_new", "authors2")) %>%
filter(!is.na(fullname), !is.na(fullname_new)) %>%
filter(fullname != fullname_new, !fullname %like% "^[?]")
}
# clean CoL and GBIF ----
# clean data_col
data_col <- data_col %>%
as_tibble() %>%
select(col_id = taxonID,
col_id_new = acceptedNameUsageID,
fullname = scientificName,
kingdom,
phylum,
class,
order,
family,
genus,
species = specificEpithet,
subspecies = infraspecificEpithet,
rank = taxonRank,
ref = scientificNameAuthorship,
species_id = furtherInformationURL) %>%
mutate(source = "CoL")
# split into old and new
data_col.new <- data_col %>% clean_new()
data_col.old <- data_col %>% clean_old(new = data_col.new)
rm(data_col)
# clean data_gbif
data_gbif <- data_gbif %>%
as_tibble() %>%
filter(
# no uncertain taxonomic placements
taxonRemarks != "doubtful",
kingdom != "incertae sedis",
taxonRank != "unranked") %>%
transmute(col_id = taxonID,
col_id_new = acceptedNameUsageID,
fullname = scientificName,
kingdom,
phylum,
class,
order,
family,
genus,
species = specificEpithet,
subspecies = infraspecificEpithet,
rank = taxonRank,
ref = scientificNameAuthorship,
species_id = as.character(parentNameUsageID)) %>%
mutate(source = "GBIF")
# split into old and new
data_gbif.new <- data_gbif %>% clean_new()
data_gbif.old <- data_gbif %>% clean_old(new = data_gbif.new)
rm(data_gbif)
# put CoL and GBIF together ----
MOs.new <- bind_rows(data_col.new,
data_gbif.new) %>%
mutate(taxonomic_tree_length = nchar(trimws(paste(kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species, subspecies)))) %>%
arrange(desc(taxonomic_tree_length)) %>%
distinct(fullname, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
select(-c("col_id_new", "authors2", "authors", "lastyear", "taxonomic_tree_length")) %>%
arrange(fullname)
MOs.old <- bind_rows(data_col.old,
data_gbif.old) %>%
distinct(fullname, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
arrange(fullname)
# clean up DSMZ ---
data_dsmz <- data_dsmz %>%
as_tibble() %>%
transmute(col_id = NA_integer_,
col_id_new = NA_integer_,
fullname = "",
# kingdom = "",
# phylum = "",
# class = "",
# order = "",
# family = "",
genus = ifelse(is.na(GENUS), "", GENUS),
species = ifelse(is.na(SPECIES), "", SPECIES),
subspecies = ifelse(is.na(SUBSPECIES), "", SUBSPECIES),
rank = ifelse(species == "", "genus", "species"),
ref = AUTHORS,
species_id = as.character(RECORD_NO),
source = "DSMZ")
# DSMZ only contains genus/(sub)species, try to find taxonomic properties based on genus and data_col
ref_taxonomy <- MOs.new %>%
distinct(genus, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
filter(family != "") %>%
filter(genus %in% data_dsmz$genus) %>%
distinct(genus, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
select(kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus)
data_dsmz <- data_dsmz %>%
left_join(ref_taxonomy, by = "genus") %>%
mutate(kingdom = "Bacteria")
data_dsmz.new <- data_dsmz %>%
clean_new() %>%
distinct(fullname, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
select(colnames(MOs.new)) %>%
arrange(fullname)
# combine everything ----
MOs <- bind_rows(MOs.new,
data_dsmz.new) %>%
distinct(fullname, .keep_all = TRUE) %>%
# not the ones that are old
filter(!fullname %in% MOs.old$fullname) %>%
arrange(fullname) %>%
mutate(col_id = ifelse(source != "CoL", NA_integer_, col_id)) %>%
filter(fullname != "")
rm(data_col.new)
rm(data_col.old)
rm(data_gbif.new)
rm(data_gbif.old)
rm(data_dsmz)
rm(data_dsmz.new)
rm(ref_taxonomy)
rm(MOs.new)
MOs.bak <- MOs
# Trichomonas trick ----
# for species in Trypanosoma and Trichomonas we observe al lot of taxonomic info missing
MOs %>% filter(genus %in% c("Trypanosoma", "Trichomonas")) %>% View()
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trypanosoma"), "kingdom"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trypanosoma"),]$kingdom
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trypanosoma"), "phylum"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trypanosoma"),]$phylum
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trypanosoma"), "class"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trypanosoma"),]$class
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trypanosoma"), "order"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trypanosoma"),]$order
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trypanosoma"), "family"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trypanosoma"),]$family
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trichomonas"), "kingdom"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trichomonas"),]$kingdom
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trichomonas"), "phylum"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trichomonas"),]$phylum
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trichomonas"), "class"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trichomonas"),]$class
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trichomonas"), "order"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trichomonas"),]$order
MOs[which(MOs$genus == "Trichomonas"), "family"] <- MOs[which(MOs$fullname == "Trichomonas"),]$family
# fill taxonomic properties that are missing
MOs <- MOs %>%
mutate(phylum = ifelse(phylum %in% c(NA, ""), "(unknown phylum)", phylum),
class = ifelse(class %in% c(NA, ""), "(unknown class)", class),
order = ifelse(order %in% c(NA, ""), "(unknown order)", order),
family = ifelse(family %in% c(NA, ""), "(unknown family)", family))
# Abbreviations ----
# Add abbreviations so we can easily know which ones are which ones.
# These will become valid and unique microbial IDs for the AMR package.
MOs <- MOs %>%
arrange(kingdom, fullname) %>%
group_by(kingdom) %>%
mutate(abbr_other = case_when(
rank == "family" ~ paste0("[FAM]_",
abbreviate(family,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "order" ~ paste0("[ORD]_",
abbreviate(order,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "class" ~ paste0("[CLS]_",
abbreviate(class,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "phylum" ~ paste0("[PHL]_",
abbreviate(phylum,
minlength = 8,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)),
rank == "kingdom" ~ paste0("[KNG]_", kingdom),
TRUE ~ NA_character_
)) %>%
# abbreviations determined per kingdom and family
# becuase they are part of the abbreviation
mutate(abbr_genus = abbreviate(genus,
minlength = 7,
use.classes = TRUE,
method = "both.sides",
strict = FALSE)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
group_by(genus) %>%
# species abbreviations may be the same between genera
# because the genus abbreviation is part of the abbreviation
mutate(abbr_species = abbreviate(stringr::str_to_title(species),
minlength = 3,
use.classes = FALSE,
method = "both.sides")) %>%
ungroup() %>%
group_by(genus, species) %>%
mutate(abbr_subspecies = abbreviate(stringr::str_to_title(subspecies),
minlength = 3,
use.classes = FALSE,
method = "both.sides")) %>%
ungroup() %>%
# remove trailing underscores
mutate(mo = gsub("_+$", "",
toupper(paste(
# first character: kingdom
ifelse(kingdom %in% c("Animalia", "Plantae"),
substr(kingdom, 1, 2),
substr(kingdom, 1, 1)),
# next: genus, species, subspecies
ifelse(is.na(abbr_other),
paste(abbr_genus,
abbr_species,
abbr_subspecies,
sep = "_"),
abbr_other),
sep = "_")))) %>%
mutate(mo = ifelse(duplicated(.$mo),
# these one or two must be unique too
paste0(mo, "1"),
mo),
fullname = ifelse(fullname == "",
trimws(paste(genus, species, subspecies)),
fullname)) %>%
# put `mo` in front, followed by the rest
select(mo, everything(), -abbr_other, -abbr_genus, -abbr_species, -abbr_subspecies)
# add non-taxonomic entries
MOs <- MOs %>%
bind_rows(
# Unknowns
data.frame(mo = "UNKNOWN",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown name)",
kingdom = "(unknown kingdom)",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown genus)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "(unknown rank)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
data.frame(mo = "B_GRAMN",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown Gram-negatives)",
kingdom = "Bacteria",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown Gram-negatives)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "species",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
data.frame(mo = "B_GRAMP",
col_id = NA_integer_,
fullname = "(unknown Gram-positives)",
kingdom = "Bacteria",
phylum = "(unknown phylum)",
class = "(unknown class)",
order = "(unknown order)",
family = "(unknown family)",
genus = "(unknown Gram-positives)",
species = "(unknown species)",
subspecies = "(unknown subspecies)",
rank = "species",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added",
stringsAsFactors = FALSE),
# CoNS
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Staphylococcus", species == "") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(mo, "CNS", sep = "_"),
rank = "species",
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "coagulase-negative",
fullname = "Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# CoPS
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Staphylococcus", species == "") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(mo, "CPS", sep = "_"),
rank = "species",
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "coagulase-positive",
fullname = "Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS)",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# Streptococci groups A, B, C, F, H, K
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "pyogenes") %>% .[1,] %>%
# we can keep all other details, since S. pyogenes is the only member of group A
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRA", sep = "_"),
species = "group A" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group A"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
# we can keep all other details, since S. agalactiae is the only member of group B
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRB", sep = "_"),
species = "group B" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group B"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "dysgalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRC", sep = "_"),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group C" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group C",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRD", sep = "_"),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group D" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group D",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRF", sep = "_"),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group F" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group F",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRG", sep = "_"),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group G" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group G",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRH", sep = "_"),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group H" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group H",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "GRK", sep = "_"),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "group K" ,
fullname = "Streptococcus group K",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added"),
# Beta-haemolytic Streptococci
MOs %>%
filter(genus == "Streptococcus", species == "agalactiae") %>% .[1,] %>%
mutate(mo = paste(MOs[MOs$fullname == "Streptococcus",]$mo, "HAE", sep = "_"),
col_id = NA_integer_,
species = "beta-haemolytic" ,
fullname = "Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus",
ref = NA_character_,
species_id = "",
source = "manually added")
)
# everything distinct?
sum(duplicated(MOs$mo))
colnames(MOs)
# set prevalence per species
MOs <- MOs %>%
mutate(prevalence = case_when(
class == "Gammaproteobacteria"
| genus %in% c("Enterococcus", "Staphylococcus", "Streptococcus")
| mo %in% c("UNKNOWN", "B_GRAMN", "B_GRAMP")
~ 1,
phylum %in% c("Proteobacteria",
"Firmicutes",
"Actinobacteria",
"Sarcomastigophora")
| genus %in% c("Aspergillus",
"Bacteroides",
"Candida",
"Capnocytophaga",
"Chryseobacterium",
"Cryptococcus",
"Elisabethkingia",
"Flavobacterium",
"Fusobacterium",
"Giardia",
"Leptotrichia",
"Mycoplasma",
"Prevotella",
"Rhodotorula",
"Treponema",
"Trichophyton",
"Trichomonas",
"Ureaplasma")
| rank %in% c("kingdom", "phylum", "class", "order", "family")
~ 2,
TRUE ~ 3
))
# arrange
MOs <- MOs %>% arrange(fullname)
# transform
MOs <- as.data.frame(MOs, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
MOs.old <- as.data.frame(MOs.old, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
class(MOs$mo) <- "mo"
MOs$col_id <- as.integer(MOs$col_id)
# get differences in MO codes between this data and the package version
MO_diff <- AMR::microorganisms %>%
mutate(pastedtext = paste(mo, fullname)) %>%
filter(!pastedtext %in% (MOs %>% mutate(pastedtext = paste(mo, fullname)) %>% pull(pastedtext))) %>%
select(mo_old = mo, fullname, pastedtext) %>%
left_join(MOs %>%
transmute(mo_new = mo, fullname_new = fullname, pastedtext = paste(mo, fullname)), "pastedtext") %>%
select(mo_old, mo_new, fullname_new)
mo_diff2 <- AMR::microorganisms %>%
select(mo, fullname) %>%
left_join(MOs %>%
select(mo, fullname),
by = "fullname",
suffix = c("_old", "_new")) %>%
filter(mo_old != mo_new,
#!mo_new %in% mo_old,
!mo_old %like% "\\[")
mo_diff3 <- tibble(previous_old = names(AMR:::make_trans_tbl()),
previous_new = AMR:::make_trans_tbl()) %>%
left_join(AMR::microorganisms %>% select(mo, fullname), by = c(previous_new = "mo")) %>%
left_join(MOs %>% select(mo_new = mo, fullname), by = "fullname")
# what did we win most?
MOs %>% filter(!fullname %in% AMR::microorganisms$fullname) %>% freq(genus)
# what did we lose most?
AMR::microorganisms %>%
filter(kingdom != "Chromista" & !fullname %in% MOs$fullname & !fullname %in% MOs.old$fullname) %>%
freq(genus)
# save
saveRDS(MOs, "microorganisms.rds")
saveRDS(MOs.old, "microorganisms.old.rds")
# on the server, do:
usethis::use_data(microorganisms, overwrite = TRUE, version = 2)
usethis::use_data(microorganisms.old, overwrite = TRUE, version = 2)
rm(microorganisms)
rm(microorganisms.old)
# TO DO AFTER THIS
# * Update the year and dim()s in R/data.R
# * Rerun data-raw/reproduction_of_rsi_translation.R
# * Run unit tests
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
library(dplyr)
library(readxl)
# Installed WHONET 2019 software on Windows (http://www.whonet.org/software.html),
# opened C:\WHONET\Codes\WHONETCodes.mdb in MS Access
# and exported table 'DRGLST1' to MS Excel
DRGLST1 <- read_excel("data-raw/DRGLST1.xlsx")
rsi_translation <- DRGLST1 %>%
# only keep CLSI and EUCAST guidelines:
filter(GUIDELINES %like% "^(CLSI|EUCST)") %>%
# set a nice layout:
transmute(guideline = gsub("([0-9]+)$", " 20\\1", gsub("EUCST", "EUCAST", GUIDELINES)),
method = TESTMETHOD,
mo = as.mo(ORG_CODE),
ab = as.ab(WHON5_CODE),
ref_tbl = REF_TABLE,
dose_disk = POTENCY,
S_disk = as.disk(DISK_S),
R_disk = as.disk(DISK_R),
S_mic = as.mic(MIC_S),
R_mic = as.mic(MIC_R)) %>%
filter(!is.na(mo) & !is.na(ab)) %>%
arrange(desc(guideline), mo, ab)
print(mo_failures())
# create 2 tables: MIC and disk
tbl_mic <- rsi_translation %>%
filter(method == "MIC") %>%
select(-ends_with("_disk")) %>%
mutate(joinstring = paste(guideline, mo, ab))
tbl_disk <- rsi_translation %>%
filter(method == "DISK") %>%
select(-S_mic, -R_mic) %>%
mutate(joinstring = paste(guideline, mo, ab)) %>%
select(joinstring, ends_with("_disk"))
# merge them so every record is a unique combination of method, mo and ab
rsi_translation <- tbl_mic %>%
left_join(tbl_disk,
by = "joinstring") %>%
select(-joinstring, -method) %>%
as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
# force classes again
mutate(mo = as.mo(mo),
ab = as.ab(ab),
S_mic = as.mic(S_mic),
R_mic = as.mic(R_mic),
S_disk = as.disk(S_disk),
R_disk = as.disk(R_disk))
# save to package
usethis::use_data(rsi_translation, overwrite = TRUE)
rm(rsi_translation)
devtools::load_all(".")
-382
View File
@@ -1,382 +0,0 @@
lang pattern replacement fixed ignore.case
de Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Koagulase-negative Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
de Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Koagulase-positive Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
de Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Beta-hämolytischer Streptococcus FALSE FALSE
de unknown Gram-negatives unbekannte Gramnegativen FALSE FALSE
de unknown Gram-positives unbekannte Grampositiven FALSE FALSE
de unknown name unbekannte Name FALSE FALSE
de unknown kingdom unbekanntes Reich FALSE FALSE
de unknown phylum unbekannter Stamm FALSE FALSE
de unknown class unbekannte Klasse FALSE FALSE
de unknown order unbekannte Ordnung FALSE FALSE
de unknown family unbekannte Familie FALSE FALSE
de unknown genus unbekannte Gattung FALSE FALSE
de unknown species unbekannte Art FALSE FALSE
de unknown subspecies unbekannte Unterart FALSE FALSE
de unknown rank unbekannter Rang FALSE FALSE
de CoNS KNS TRUE FALSE
de CoPS KPS TRUE FALSE
de Gram-negative Gramnegativ FALSE FALSE
de Gram-positive Grampositiv FALSE FALSE
de Bacteria Bakterien FALSE FALSE
de Fungi Hefen/Pilze FALSE FALSE
de Protozoa Protozoen FALSE FALSE
de biogroup Biogruppe FALSE FALSE
de biotype Biotyp FALSE FALSE
de vegetative vegetativ FALSE FALSE
de ([([ ]*?)group \\1Gruppe FALSE FALSE
de ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Gruppe FALSE FALSE
nl Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Coagulase-negatieve Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
nl Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Coagulase-positieve Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
nl Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Beta-hemolytische Streptococcus FALSE FALSE
nl unknown Gram-negatives onbekende Gram-negatieven FALSE FALSE
nl unknown Gram-positives onbekende Gram-positieven FALSE FALSE
nl unknown name onbekende naam FALSE FALSE
nl unknown kingdom onbekend koninkrijk FALSE FALSE
nl unknown phylum onbekend fylum FALSE FALSE
nl unknown class onbekende klasse FALSE FALSE
nl unknown order onbekende orde FALSE FALSE
nl unknown family onbekende familie FALSE FALSE
nl unknown genus onbekend geslacht FALSE FALSE
nl unknown species onbekende soort FALSE FALSE
nl unknown subspecies onbekende ondersoort FALSE FALSE
nl unknown rank onbekende rang FALSE FALSE
nl CoNS CNS TRUE FALSE
nl CoPS CPS TRUE FALSE
nl Gram-negative Gram-negatief FALSE FALSE
nl Gram-positive Gram-positief FALSE FALSE
nl Bacteria Bacteriën FALSE FALSE
nl Fungi Schimmels/gisten FALSE FALSE
nl Protozoa protozoën FALSE FALSE
nl biogroup biogroep FALSE FALSE
nl vegetative vegetatief FALSE FALSE
nl ([([ ]*?)group \\1groep FALSE FALSE
nl ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Groep FALSE FALSE
nl antibiotic antibioticum FALSE FALSE
nl Antibiotic Antibioticum FALSE FALSE
nl Drug Middel FALSE FALSE
nl drug middel FALSE FALSE
es Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo FALSE FALSE
es Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulasa positivo FALSE FALSE
es Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Beta-hemolítico FALSE FALSE
es unknown Gram-negatives Gram negativos desconocidos FALSE FALSE
es unknown Gram-positives Gram positivos desconocidos FALSE FALSE
es unknown name nombre desconocido FALSE FALSE
es unknown kingdom reino desconocido FALSE FALSE
es unknown phylum filo desconocido FALSE FALSE
es unknown class clase desconocida FALSE FALSE
es unknown order orden desconocido FALSE FALSE
es unknown family familia desconocida FALSE FALSE
es unknown genus género desconocido FALSE FALSE
es unknown species especie desconocida FALSE FALSE
es unknown subspecies subespecie desconocida FALSE FALSE
es unknown rank rango desconocido FALSE FALSE
es CoNS SCN TRUE FALSE
es CoPS SCP TRUE FALSE
es Gram-negative Gram negativo FALSE FALSE
es Gram-positive Gram positivo FALSE FALSE
es Bacteria Bacterias FALSE FALSE
es Fungi Hongos FALSE FALSE
es Protozoa Protozoarios FALSE FALSE
es biogroup biogrupo FALSE FALSE
es biotype biotipo FALSE FALSE
es vegetative vegetativo FALSE FALSE
es ([([ ]*?)group \\1grupo FALSE FALSE
es ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Grupo FALSE FALSE
it Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus negativo coagulasi FALSE FALSE
it Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus positivo coagulasi FALSE FALSE
it Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Beta-emolitico FALSE FALSE
it unknown Gram-negatives Gram negativi sconosciuti FALSE FALSE
it unknown Gram-positives Gram positivi sconosciuti FALSE FALSE
it unknown name nome sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
it unknown kingdom regno sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
it unknown phylum phylum sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
it unknown class classe sconosciuta FALSE FALSE
it unknown order ordine sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
it unknown family famiglia sconosciuta FALSE FALSE
it unknown genus genere sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
it unknown species specie sconosciute FALSE FALSE
it unknown subspecies sottospecie sconosciute FALSE FALSE
it unknown rank grado sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
it Gram-negative Gram negativo FALSE FALSE
it Gram-positive Gram positivo FALSE FALSE
it Bacteria Batteri FALSE FALSE
it Fungi Fungo FALSE FALSE
it Protozoa Protozoi FALSE FALSE
it biogroup biogruppo FALSE FALSE
it biotype biotipo FALSE FALSE
it vegetative vegetativo FALSE FALSE
it ([([ ]*?)group \\1gruppo FALSE FALSE
it ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Gruppo FALSE FALSE
fr Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus à coagulase négative FALSE FALSE
fr Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus à coagulase positif FALSE FALSE
fr Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Bêta-hémolytique FALSE FALSE
fr unknown Gram-negatives Gram négatifs inconnus FALSE FALSE
fr unknown Gram-positives Gram positifs inconnus FALSE FALSE
fr unknown name nom inconnu FALSE FALSE
fr unknown kingdom règme inconnu FALSE FALSE
fr unknown phylum embranchement inconnu FALSE FALSE
fr unknown class classe inconnue FALSE FALSE
fr unknown order ordre inconnu FALSE FALSE
fr unknown family famille inconnue FALSE FALSE
fr unknown genus genre inconnu FALSE FALSE
fr unknown species espèce inconnue FALSE FALSE
fr unknown subspecies sous-espèce inconnue FALSE FALSE
fr unknown rank rang inconnu FALSE FALSE
fr Gram-negative Gram négatif FALSE FALSE
fr Gram-positive Gram positif FALSE FALSE
fr Bacteria Bactéries FALSE FALSE
fr Fungi Champignons FALSE FALSE
fr Protozoa Protozoaires FALSE FALSE
fr biogroup biogroupe FALSE FALSE
fr vegetative végétatif FALSE FALSE
fr ([([ ]*?)group \\1groupe FALSE FALSE
fr ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Groupe FALSE FALSE
pt Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulase negativo FALSE FALSE
pt Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulase positivo FALSE FALSE
pt Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Beta-hemolítico FALSE FALSE
pt unknown Gram-negatives Gram negativos desconhecidos FALSE FALSE
pt unknown Gram-positives Gram positivos desconhecidos FALSE FALSE
pt unknown name nome desconhecido FALSE FALSE
pt unknown kingdom reino desconhecido FALSE FALSE
pt unknown phylum filo desconhecido FALSE FALSE
pt unknown class classe desconhecida FALSE FALSE
pt unknown order ordem desconhecido FALSE FALSE
pt unknown family família desconhecida FALSE FALSE
pt unknown genus gênero desconhecido FALSE FALSE
pt unknown species espécies desconhecida FALSE FALSE
pt unknown subspecies subespécies desconhecida FALSE FALSE
pt unknown rank classificação desconhecido FALSE FALSE
pt Gram-negative Gram negativo FALSE FALSE
pt Gram-positive Gram positivo FALSE FALSE
pt Bacteria Bactérias FALSE FALSE
pt Fungi Fungos FALSE FALSE
pt Protozoa Protozoários FALSE FALSE
pt biogroup biogrupo FALSE FALSE
pt biotype biótipo FALSE FALSE
pt vegetative vegetativo FALSE FALSE
pt ([([ ]*?)group \\1grupo FALSE FALSE
pt ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Grupo FALSE FALSE
de clavulanic acid Clavulansäure FALSE TRUE
nl 4-aminosalicylic acid 4-aminosalicylzuur
nl Adefovir dipivoxil Adefovir
nl Aldesulfone sodium Aldesulfon
nl Amikacin Amikacine
nl Amoxicillin Amoxicilline
nl Amoxicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Amoxicilline/enzymremmer
nl Amphotericin B Amfotericine B
nl Ampicillin Ampicilline
nl Ampicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Ampicilline/enzymremmer
nl Anidulafungin Anidulafungine
nl Azidocillin Azidocilline
nl Azithromycin Azitromycine
nl Azlocillin Azlocilline
nl Bacampicillin Bacampicilline
nl Bacitracin Bacitracine
nl Benzathine benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicillinebenzathine
nl Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin Fenoxymethylpenicillinebenzathine
nl Benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicilline
nl Calcium aminosalicylate Aminosalicylzuur
nl Capreomycin Capreomycine
nl Carbenicillin Carbenicilline
nl Carindacillin Carindacilline
nl Caspofungin Caspofungine
nl Ce(f|ph)acetrile Cefacetril FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)alexin Cefalexine FALSE FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)alotin Cefalotine FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)amandole Cefamandol FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)apirin Cefapirine FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)azedone Cefazedon FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)azolin Cefazoline FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)epime Cefepim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)ixime Cefixim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)menoxime Cefmenoxim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)metazole Cefmetazol FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)odizime Cefodizim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)onicid Cefonicide FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)operazone Cefoperazon FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)operazone/beta-lactamase inhibitor Cefoperazon/enzymremmer FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)otaxime Cefotaxim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)oxitin Cefoxitine FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)pirome Cefpirom FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)podoxime Cefpodoxim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)radine Cefradine FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)sulodin Cefsulodine FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)tazidime Ceftazidim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)tezole Ceftezol FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)tizoxime Ceftizoxim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)triaxone Ceftriaxon FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)uroxime Cefuroxim FALSE
nl Ce(f|ph)uroxime/metronidazole Cefuroxim/andere antibacteriele middelen FALSE
nl Chloramphenicol Chlooramfenicol
nl Chlortetracycline Chloortetracycline
nl Cinoxacin Cinoxacine
nl Ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacine
nl Clarithromycin Claritromycine
nl Clavulanic acid Clavulaanzuur
nl clavulanic acid clavulaanzuur
nl Clindamycin Clindamycine
nl Clometocillin Clometocilline
nl Clotrimazole Clotrimazol
nl Cloxacillin Cloxacilline
nl Colistin Colistine
nl Dapsone Dapson
nl Daptomycin Daptomycine
nl Dibekacin Dibekacine
nl Dicloxacillin Dicloxacilline
nl Dirithromycin Diritromycine
nl Econazole Econazol
nl Enoxacin Enoxacine
nl Epicillin Epicilline
nl Erythromycin Erytromycine
nl Ethambutol/isoniazid Ethambutol/isoniazide
nl Fleroxacin Fleroxacine
nl Flucloxacillin Flucloxacilline
nl Fluconazole Fluconazol
nl Flucytosine Fluorocytosine
nl Flurithromycin Fluritromycine
nl Fosfomycin Fosfomycine
nl Fusidic acid Fusidinezuur
nl Gatifloxacin Gatifloxacine
nl Gemifloxacin Gemifloxacine
nl Gentamicin Gentamicine
nl Grepafloxacin Grepafloxacine
nl Hachimycin Hachimycine
nl Hetacillin Hetacilline
nl Imipenem/cilastatin Imipenem/enzymremmer
nl Inosine pranobex Inosiplex
nl Isepamicin Isepamicine
nl Isoconazole Isoconazol
nl Isoniazid Isoniazide
nl Itraconazole Itraconazol
nl Josamycin Josamycine
nl Kanamycin Kanamycine
nl Ketoconazole Ketoconazol
nl Levofloxacin Levofloxacine
nl Lincomycin Lincomycine
nl Lomefloxacin Lomefloxacine
nl Lysozyme Lysozym
nl Mandelic acid Amandelzuur
nl Metampicillin Metampicilline
nl Meticillin Meticilline
nl Metisazone Metisazon
nl Metronidazole Metronidazol
nl Mezlocillin Mezlocilline
nl Micafungin Micafungine
nl Miconazole Miconazol
nl Midecamycin Midecamycine
nl Miocamycin Miocamycine
nl Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacine
nl Mupirocin Mupirocine
nl Nalidixic acid Nalidixinezuur
nl Neomycin Neomycine
nl Netilmicin Netilmicine
nl Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoine
nl Norfloxacin Norfloxacine
nl Novobiocin Novobiocine
nl Nystatin Nystatine
nl Ofloxacin Ofloxacine
nl Oleandomycin Oleandomycine
nl Ornidazole Ornidazol
nl Oxacillin Oxacilline
nl Oxolinic acid Oxolinezuur
nl Oxytetracycline Oxytetracycline
nl Pazufloxacin Pazufloxacine
nl Pefloxacin Pefloxacine
nl Penamecillin Penamecilline
nl Penicillin Penicilline
nl Pheneticillin Feneticilline
nl Phenoxymethylpenicillin Fenoxymethylpenicilline
nl Pipemidic acid Pipemidinezuur
nl Piperacillin Piperacilline
nl Piperacillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Piperacilline/enzymremmer
nl Piromidic acid Piromidinezuur
nl Pivampicillin Pivampicilline
nl Polymyxin B Polymyxine B
nl Posaconazole Posaconazol
nl Pristinamycin Pristinamycine
nl Procaine benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicillineprocaine
nl Propicillin Propicilline
nl Prulifloxacin Prulifloxacine
nl Quinupristin/dalfopristin Quinupristine/dalfopristine
nl Ribostamycin Ribostamycine
nl Rifabutin Rifabutine
nl Rifampicin Rifampicine
nl Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/ethambutol/isoniazid Rifampicine/pyrazinamide/ethambutol/isoniazide
nl Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/isoniazid Rifampicine/pyrazinamide/isoniazide
nl Rifampicin/isoniazid Rifampicine/isoniazide
nl Rifamycin Rifamycine
nl Rifaximin Rifaximine
nl Rokitamycin Rokitamycine
nl Rosoxacin Rosoxacine
nl Roxithromycin Roxitromycine
nl Rufloxacin Rufloxacine
nl Sisomicin Sisomicine
nl Sodium aminosalicylate Aminosalicylzuur
nl Sparfloxacin Sparfloxacine
nl Spectinomycin Spectinomycine
nl Spiramycin Spiramycine
nl Spiramycin/metronidazole Spiramycine/metronidazol
nl Staphylococcus immunoglobulin Stafylokokkenimmunoglobuline
nl Streptoduocin Streptoduocine
nl Streptomycin Streptomycine
nl Streptomycin/isoniazid Streptomycine/isoniazide
nl Sulbenicillin Sulbenicilline
nl Sulfadiazine/tetroxoprim Sulfadiazine/tetroxoprim
nl Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim
nl Sulfadimidine/trimethoprim Sulfadimidine/trimethoprim
nl Sulfafurazole Sulfafurazol
nl Sulfaisodimidine Sulfisomidine
nl Sulfalene Sulfaleen
nl Sulfamazone Sulfamazon
nl Sulfamerazine/trimethoprim Sulfamerazine/trimethoprim
nl Sulfamethizole Sulfamethizol
nl Sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazol
nl Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazol/trimethoprim
nl Sulfametoxydiazine Sulfamethoxydiazine
nl Sulfametrole/trimethoprim Sulfametrol/trimethoprim
nl Sulfamoxole Sulfamoxol
nl Sulfamoxole/trimethoprim Sulfamoxol/trimethoprim
nl Sulfaperin Sulfaperine
nl Sulfaphenazole Sulfafenazol
nl Sulfathiazole Sulfathiazol
nl Sulfathiourea Sulfathioureum
nl Sultamicillin Sultamicilline
nl Talampicillin Talampicilline
nl Teicoplanin Teicoplanine
nl Telithromycin Telitromycine
nl Temafloxacin Temafloxacine
nl Temocillin Temocilline
nl Tenofovir disoproxil Tenofovir
nl Terizidone Terizidon
nl Thiamphenicol Thiamfenicol
nl Thioacetazone/isoniazid Thioacetazon/isoniazide
nl Ticarcillin Ticarcilline
nl Ticarcillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Ticarcilline/enzymremmer
nl Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid Ticarcilline/clavulaanzuur
nl Tinidazole Tinidazol
nl Tobramycin Tobramycine
nl Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Cotrimoxazol
nl Troleandomycin Troleandomycine
nl Trovafloxacin Trovafloxacine
nl Vancomycin Vancomycine
nl Voriconazole Voriconazol
nl Aminoglycosides Aminoglycosiden TRUE FALSE
nl Amphenicols Amfenicolen TRUE FALSE
nl Antifungals/antimycotics Antifungica/antimycotica TRUE FALSE
nl Antimycobacterials Antimycobacteriele middelen TRUE FALSE
nl Beta-lactams/penicillins Beta-lactams/penicillines TRUE FALSE
nl Cephalosporins (1st gen.) Cefalosporines (1e gen.) TRUE FALSE
nl Cephalosporins (2nd gen.) Cefalosporines (2e gen.) TRUE FALSE
nl Cephalosporins (3rd gen.) Cefalosporines (3e gen.) TRUE FALSE
nl Cephalosporins (4th gen.) Cefalosporines (4e gen.) TRUE FALSE
nl Cephalosporins (5th gen.) Cefalosporines (5e gen.) TRUE FALSE
nl Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.) Cefalosporines (ongeclassificeerd) TRUE FALSE
nl Cephalosporins Cefalosporines TRUE FALSE
nl Glycopeptides Glycopeptiden TRUE FALSE
nl Macrolides/lincosamides Macroliden/lincosamiden TRUE FALSE
nl Other antibacterials Overige antibiotica TRUE FALSE
nl Polymyxins Polymyxines TRUE FALSE
nl Quinolones Quinolonen TRUE FALSE
1 lang pattern replacement fixed ignore.case
2 de Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Koagulase-negative Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
3 de Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Koagulase-positive Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
4 de Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Beta-hämolytischer Streptococcus FALSE FALSE
5 de unknown Gram-negatives unbekannte Gramnegativen FALSE FALSE
6 de unknown Gram-positives unbekannte Grampositiven FALSE FALSE
7 de unknown name unbekannte Name FALSE FALSE
8 de unknown kingdom unbekanntes Reich FALSE FALSE
9 de unknown phylum unbekannter Stamm FALSE FALSE
10 de unknown class unbekannte Klasse FALSE FALSE
11 de unknown order unbekannte Ordnung FALSE FALSE
12 de unknown family unbekannte Familie FALSE FALSE
13 de unknown genus unbekannte Gattung FALSE FALSE
14 de unknown species unbekannte Art FALSE FALSE
15 de unknown subspecies unbekannte Unterart FALSE FALSE
16 de unknown rank unbekannter Rang FALSE FALSE
17 de CoNS KNS TRUE FALSE
18 de CoPS KPS TRUE FALSE
19 de Gram-negative Gramnegativ FALSE FALSE
20 de Gram-positive Grampositiv FALSE FALSE
21 de Bacteria Bakterien FALSE FALSE
22 de Fungi Hefen/Pilze FALSE FALSE
23 de Protozoa Protozoen FALSE FALSE
24 de biogroup Biogruppe FALSE FALSE
25 de biotype Biotyp FALSE FALSE
26 de vegetative vegetativ FALSE FALSE
27 de ([([ ]*?)group \\1Gruppe FALSE FALSE
28 de ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Gruppe FALSE FALSE
29 nl Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Coagulase-negatieve Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
30 nl Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Coagulase-positieve Staphylococcus FALSE FALSE
31 nl Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Beta-hemolytische Streptococcus FALSE FALSE
32 nl unknown Gram-negatives onbekende Gram-negatieven FALSE FALSE
33 nl unknown Gram-positives onbekende Gram-positieven FALSE FALSE
34 nl unknown name onbekende naam FALSE FALSE
35 nl unknown kingdom onbekend koninkrijk FALSE FALSE
36 nl unknown phylum onbekend fylum FALSE FALSE
37 nl unknown class onbekende klasse FALSE FALSE
38 nl unknown order onbekende orde FALSE FALSE
39 nl unknown family onbekende familie FALSE FALSE
40 nl unknown genus onbekend geslacht FALSE FALSE
41 nl unknown species onbekende soort FALSE FALSE
42 nl unknown subspecies onbekende ondersoort FALSE FALSE
43 nl unknown rank onbekende rang FALSE FALSE
44 nl CoNS CNS TRUE FALSE
45 nl CoPS CPS TRUE FALSE
46 nl Gram-negative Gram-negatief FALSE FALSE
47 nl Gram-positive Gram-positief FALSE FALSE
48 nl Bacteria Bacteriën FALSE FALSE
49 nl Fungi Schimmels/gisten FALSE FALSE
50 nl Protozoa protozoën FALSE FALSE
51 nl biogroup biogroep FALSE FALSE
52 nl vegetative vegetatief FALSE FALSE
53 nl ([([ ]*?)group \\1groep FALSE FALSE
54 nl ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Groep FALSE FALSE
55 nl antibiotic antibioticum FALSE FALSE
56 nl Antibiotic Antibioticum FALSE FALSE
57 nl Drug Middel FALSE FALSE
58 nl drug middel FALSE FALSE
59 es Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo FALSE FALSE
60 es Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulasa positivo FALSE FALSE
61 es Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Beta-hemolítico FALSE FALSE
62 es unknown Gram-negatives Gram negativos desconocidos FALSE FALSE
63 es unknown Gram-positives Gram positivos desconocidos FALSE FALSE
64 es unknown name nombre desconocido FALSE FALSE
65 es unknown kingdom reino desconocido FALSE FALSE
66 es unknown phylum filo desconocido FALSE FALSE
67 es unknown class clase desconocida FALSE FALSE
68 es unknown order orden desconocido FALSE FALSE
69 es unknown family familia desconocida FALSE FALSE
70 es unknown genus género desconocido FALSE FALSE
71 es unknown species especie desconocida FALSE FALSE
72 es unknown subspecies subespecie desconocida FALSE FALSE
73 es unknown rank rango desconocido FALSE FALSE
74 es CoNS SCN TRUE FALSE
75 es CoPS SCP TRUE FALSE
76 es Gram-negative Gram negativo FALSE FALSE
77 es Gram-positive Gram positivo FALSE FALSE
78 es Bacteria Bacterias FALSE FALSE
79 es Fungi Hongos FALSE FALSE
80 es Protozoa Protozoarios FALSE FALSE
81 es biogroup biogrupo FALSE FALSE
82 es biotype biotipo FALSE FALSE
83 es vegetative vegetativo FALSE FALSE
84 es ([([ ]*?)group \\1grupo FALSE FALSE
85 es ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Grupo FALSE FALSE
86 it Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus negativo coagulasi FALSE FALSE
87 it Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus positivo coagulasi FALSE FALSE
88 it Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Beta-emolitico FALSE FALSE
89 it unknown Gram-negatives Gram negativi sconosciuti FALSE FALSE
90 it unknown Gram-positives Gram positivi sconosciuti FALSE FALSE
91 it unknown name nome sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
92 it unknown kingdom regno sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
93 it unknown phylum phylum sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
94 it unknown class classe sconosciuta FALSE FALSE
95 it unknown order ordine sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
96 it unknown family famiglia sconosciuta FALSE FALSE
97 it unknown genus genere sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
98 it unknown species specie sconosciute FALSE FALSE
99 it unknown subspecies sottospecie sconosciute FALSE FALSE
100 it unknown rank grado sconosciuto FALSE FALSE
101 it Gram-negative Gram negativo FALSE FALSE
102 it Gram-positive Gram positivo FALSE FALSE
103 it Bacteria Batteri FALSE FALSE
104 it Fungi Fungo FALSE FALSE
105 it Protozoa Protozoi FALSE FALSE
106 it biogroup biogruppo FALSE FALSE
107 it biotype biotipo FALSE FALSE
108 it vegetative vegetativo FALSE FALSE
109 it ([([ ]*?)group \\1gruppo FALSE FALSE
110 it ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Gruppo FALSE FALSE
111 fr Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus à coagulase négative FALSE FALSE
112 fr Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus à coagulase positif FALSE FALSE
113 fr Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Bêta-hémolytique FALSE FALSE
114 fr unknown Gram-negatives Gram négatifs inconnus FALSE FALSE
115 fr unknown Gram-positives Gram positifs inconnus FALSE FALSE
116 fr unknown name nom inconnu FALSE FALSE
117 fr unknown kingdom règme inconnu FALSE FALSE
118 fr unknown phylum embranchement inconnu FALSE FALSE
119 fr unknown class classe inconnue FALSE FALSE
120 fr unknown order ordre inconnu FALSE FALSE
121 fr unknown family famille inconnue FALSE FALSE
122 fr unknown genus genre inconnu FALSE FALSE
123 fr unknown species espèce inconnue FALSE FALSE
124 fr unknown subspecies sous-espèce inconnue FALSE FALSE
125 fr unknown rank rang inconnu FALSE FALSE
126 fr Gram-negative Gram négatif FALSE FALSE
127 fr Gram-positive Gram positif FALSE FALSE
128 fr Bacteria Bactéries FALSE FALSE
129 fr Fungi Champignons FALSE FALSE
130 fr Protozoa Protozoaires FALSE FALSE
131 fr biogroup biogroupe FALSE FALSE
132 fr vegetative végétatif FALSE FALSE
133 fr ([([ ]*?)group \\1groupe FALSE FALSE
134 fr ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Groupe FALSE FALSE
135 pt Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulase negativo FALSE FALSE
136 pt Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus Staphylococcus coagulase positivo FALSE FALSE
137 pt Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus Streptococcus Beta-hemolítico FALSE FALSE
138 pt unknown Gram-negatives Gram negativos desconhecidos FALSE FALSE
139 pt unknown Gram-positives Gram positivos desconhecidos FALSE FALSE
140 pt unknown name nome desconhecido FALSE FALSE
141 pt unknown kingdom reino desconhecido FALSE FALSE
142 pt unknown phylum filo desconhecido FALSE FALSE
143 pt unknown class classe desconhecida FALSE FALSE
144 pt unknown order ordem desconhecido FALSE FALSE
145 pt unknown family família desconhecida FALSE FALSE
146 pt unknown genus gênero desconhecido FALSE FALSE
147 pt unknown species espécies desconhecida FALSE FALSE
148 pt unknown subspecies subespécies desconhecida FALSE FALSE
149 pt unknown rank classificação desconhecido FALSE FALSE
150 pt Gram-negative Gram negativo FALSE FALSE
151 pt Gram-positive Gram positivo FALSE FALSE
152 pt Bacteria Bactérias FALSE FALSE
153 pt Fungi Fungos FALSE FALSE
154 pt Protozoa Protozoários FALSE FALSE
155 pt biogroup biogrupo FALSE FALSE
156 pt biotype biótipo FALSE FALSE
157 pt vegetative vegetativo FALSE FALSE
158 pt ([([ ]*?)group \\1grupo FALSE FALSE
159 pt ([([ ]*?)Group \\1Grupo FALSE FALSE
160 de clavulanic acid Clavulansäure FALSE TRUE
161 nl 4-aminosalicylic acid 4-aminosalicylzuur
162 nl Adefovir dipivoxil Adefovir
163 nl Aldesulfone sodium Aldesulfon
164 nl Amikacin Amikacine
165 nl Amoxicillin Amoxicilline
166 nl Amoxicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Amoxicilline/enzymremmer
167 nl Amphotericin B Amfotericine B
168 nl Ampicillin Ampicilline
169 nl Ampicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Ampicilline/enzymremmer
170 nl Anidulafungin Anidulafungine
171 nl Azidocillin Azidocilline
172 nl Azithromycin Azitromycine
173 nl Azlocillin Azlocilline
174 nl Bacampicillin Bacampicilline
175 nl Bacitracin Bacitracine
176 nl Benzathine benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicillinebenzathine
177 nl Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin Fenoxymethylpenicillinebenzathine
178 nl Benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicilline
179 nl Calcium aminosalicylate Aminosalicylzuur
180 nl Capreomycin Capreomycine
181 nl Carbenicillin Carbenicilline
182 nl Carindacillin Carindacilline
183 nl Caspofungin Caspofungine
184 nl Ce(f|ph)acetrile Cefacetril FALSE
185 nl Ce(f|ph)alexin Cefalexine FALSE FALSE
186 nl Ce(f|ph)alotin Cefalotine FALSE
187 nl Ce(f|ph)amandole Cefamandol FALSE
188 nl Ce(f|ph)apirin Cefapirine FALSE
189 nl Ce(f|ph)azedone Cefazedon FALSE
190 nl Ce(f|ph)azolin Cefazoline FALSE
191 nl Ce(f|ph)epime Cefepim FALSE
192 nl Ce(f|ph)ixime Cefixim FALSE
193 nl Ce(f|ph)menoxime Cefmenoxim FALSE
194 nl Ce(f|ph)metazole Cefmetazol FALSE
195 nl Ce(f|ph)odizime Cefodizim FALSE
196 nl Ce(f|ph)onicid Cefonicide FALSE
197 nl Ce(f|ph)operazone Cefoperazon FALSE
198 nl Ce(f|ph)operazone/beta-lactamase inhibitor Cefoperazon/enzymremmer FALSE
199 nl Ce(f|ph)otaxime Cefotaxim FALSE
200 nl Ce(f|ph)oxitin Cefoxitine FALSE
201 nl Ce(f|ph)pirome Cefpirom FALSE
202 nl Ce(f|ph)podoxime Cefpodoxim FALSE
203 nl Ce(f|ph)radine Cefradine FALSE
204 nl Ce(f|ph)sulodin Cefsulodine FALSE
205 nl Ce(f|ph)tazidime Ceftazidim FALSE
206 nl Ce(f|ph)tezole Ceftezol FALSE
207 nl Ce(f|ph)tizoxime Ceftizoxim FALSE
208 nl Ce(f|ph)triaxone Ceftriaxon FALSE
209 nl Ce(f|ph)uroxime Cefuroxim FALSE
210 nl Ce(f|ph)uroxime/metronidazole Cefuroxim/andere antibacteriele middelen FALSE
211 nl Chloramphenicol Chlooramfenicol
212 nl Chlortetracycline Chloortetracycline
213 nl Cinoxacin Cinoxacine
214 nl Ciprofloxacin Ciprofloxacine
215 nl Clarithromycin Claritromycine
216 nl Clavulanic acid Clavulaanzuur
217 nl clavulanic acid clavulaanzuur
218 nl Clindamycin Clindamycine
219 nl Clometocillin Clometocilline
220 nl Clotrimazole Clotrimazol
221 nl Cloxacillin Cloxacilline
222 nl Colistin Colistine
223 nl Dapsone Dapson
224 nl Daptomycin Daptomycine
225 nl Dibekacin Dibekacine
226 nl Dicloxacillin Dicloxacilline
227 nl Dirithromycin Diritromycine
228 nl Econazole Econazol
229 nl Enoxacin Enoxacine
230 nl Epicillin Epicilline
231 nl Erythromycin Erytromycine
232 nl Ethambutol/isoniazid Ethambutol/isoniazide
233 nl Fleroxacin Fleroxacine
234 nl Flucloxacillin Flucloxacilline
235 nl Fluconazole Fluconazol
236 nl Flucytosine Fluorocytosine
237 nl Flurithromycin Fluritromycine
238 nl Fosfomycin Fosfomycine
239 nl Fusidic acid Fusidinezuur
240 nl Gatifloxacin Gatifloxacine
241 nl Gemifloxacin Gemifloxacine
242 nl Gentamicin Gentamicine
243 nl Grepafloxacin Grepafloxacine
244 nl Hachimycin Hachimycine
245 nl Hetacillin Hetacilline
246 nl Imipenem/cilastatin Imipenem/enzymremmer
247 nl Inosine pranobex Inosiplex
248 nl Isepamicin Isepamicine
249 nl Isoconazole Isoconazol
250 nl Isoniazid Isoniazide
251 nl Itraconazole Itraconazol
252 nl Josamycin Josamycine
253 nl Kanamycin Kanamycine
254 nl Ketoconazole Ketoconazol
255 nl Levofloxacin Levofloxacine
256 nl Lincomycin Lincomycine
257 nl Lomefloxacin Lomefloxacine
258 nl Lysozyme Lysozym
259 nl Mandelic acid Amandelzuur
260 nl Metampicillin Metampicilline
261 nl Meticillin Meticilline
262 nl Metisazone Metisazon
263 nl Metronidazole Metronidazol
264 nl Mezlocillin Mezlocilline
265 nl Micafungin Micafungine
266 nl Miconazole Miconazol
267 nl Midecamycin Midecamycine
268 nl Miocamycin Miocamycine
269 nl Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacine
270 nl Mupirocin Mupirocine
271 nl Nalidixic acid Nalidixinezuur
272 nl Neomycin Neomycine
273 nl Netilmicin Netilmicine
274 nl Nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoine
275 nl Norfloxacin Norfloxacine
276 nl Novobiocin Novobiocine
277 nl Nystatin Nystatine
278 nl Ofloxacin Ofloxacine
279 nl Oleandomycin Oleandomycine
280 nl Ornidazole Ornidazol
281 nl Oxacillin Oxacilline
282 nl Oxolinic acid Oxolinezuur
283 nl Oxytetracycline Oxytetracycline
284 nl Pazufloxacin Pazufloxacine
285 nl Pefloxacin Pefloxacine
286 nl Penamecillin Penamecilline
287 nl Penicillin Penicilline
288 nl Pheneticillin Feneticilline
289 nl Phenoxymethylpenicillin Fenoxymethylpenicilline
290 nl Pipemidic acid Pipemidinezuur
291 nl Piperacillin Piperacilline
292 nl Piperacillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Piperacilline/enzymremmer
293 nl Piromidic acid Piromidinezuur
294 nl Pivampicillin Pivampicilline
295 nl Polymyxin B Polymyxine B
296 nl Posaconazole Posaconazol
297 nl Pristinamycin Pristinamycine
298 nl Procaine benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicillineprocaine
299 nl Propicillin Propicilline
300 nl Prulifloxacin Prulifloxacine
301 nl Quinupristin/dalfopristin Quinupristine/dalfopristine
302 nl Ribostamycin Ribostamycine
303 nl Rifabutin Rifabutine
304 nl Rifampicin Rifampicine
305 nl Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/ethambutol/isoniazid Rifampicine/pyrazinamide/ethambutol/isoniazide
306 nl Rifampicin/pyrazinamide/isoniazid Rifampicine/pyrazinamide/isoniazide
307 nl Rifampicin/isoniazid Rifampicine/isoniazide
308 nl Rifamycin Rifamycine
309 nl Rifaximin Rifaximine
310 nl Rokitamycin Rokitamycine
311 nl Rosoxacin Rosoxacine
312 nl Roxithromycin Roxitromycine
313 nl Rufloxacin Rufloxacine
314 nl Sisomicin Sisomicine
315 nl Sodium aminosalicylate Aminosalicylzuur
316 nl Sparfloxacin Sparfloxacine
317 nl Spectinomycin Spectinomycine
318 nl Spiramycin Spiramycine
319 nl Spiramycin/metronidazole Spiramycine/metronidazol
320 nl Staphylococcus immunoglobulin Stafylokokkenimmunoglobuline
321 nl Streptoduocin Streptoduocine
322 nl Streptomycin Streptomycine
323 nl Streptomycin/isoniazid Streptomycine/isoniazide
324 nl Sulbenicillin Sulbenicilline
325 nl Sulfadiazine/tetroxoprim Sulfadiazine/tetroxoprim
326 nl Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim
327 nl Sulfadimidine/trimethoprim Sulfadimidine/trimethoprim
328 nl Sulfafurazole Sulfafurazol
329 nl Sulfaisodimidine Sulfisomidine
330 nl Sulfalene Sulfaleen
331 nl Sulfamazone Sulfamazon
332 nl Sulfamerazine/trimethoprim Sulfamerazine/trimethoprim
333 nl Sulfamethizole Sulfamethizol
334 nl Sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazol
335 nl Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazol/trimethoprim
336 nl Sulfametoxydiazine Sulfamethoxydiazine
337 nl Sulfametrole/trimethoprim Sulfametrol/trimethoprim
338 nl Sulfamoxole Sulfamoxol
339 nl Sulfamoxole/trimethoprim Sulfamoxol/trimethoprim
340 nl Sulfaperin Sulfaperine
341 nl Sulfaphenazole Sulfafenazol
342 nl Sulfathiazole Sulfathiazol
343 nl Sulfathiourea Sulfathioureum
344 nl Sultamicillin Sultamicilline
345 nl Talampicillin Talampicilline
346 nl Teicoplanin Teicoplanine
347 nl Telithromycin Telitromycine
348 nl Temafloxacin Temafloxacine
349 nl Temocillin Temocilline
350 nl Tenofovir disoproxil Tenofovir
351 nl Terizidone Terizidon
352 nl Thiamphenicol Thiamfenicol
353 nl Thioacetazone/isoniazid Thioacetazon/isoniazide
354 nl Ticarcillin Ticarcilline
355 nl Ticarcillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor Ticarcilline/enzymremmer
356 nl Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid Ticarcilline/clavulaanzuur
357 nl Tinidazole Tinidazol
358 nl Tobramycin Tobramycine
359 nl Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Cotrimoxazol
360 nl Troleandomycin Troleandomycine
361 nl Trovafloxacin Trovafloxacine
362 nl Vancomycin Vancomycine
363 nl Voriconazole Voriconazol
364 nl Aminoglycosides Aminoglycosiden TRUE FALSE
365 nl Amphenicols Amfenicolen TRUE FALSE
366 nl Antifungals/antimycotics Antifungica/antimycotica TRUE FALSE
367 nl Antimycobacterials Antimycobacteriele middelen TRUE FALSE
368 nl Beta-lactams/penicillins Beta-lactams/penicillines TRUE FALSE
369 nl Cephalosporins (1st gen.) Cefalosporines (1e gen.) TRUE FALSE
370 nl Cephalosporins (2nd gen.) Cefalosporines (2e gen.) TRUE FALSE
371 nl Cephalosporins (3rd gen.) Cefalosporines (3e gen.) TRUE FALSE
372 nl Cephalosporins (4th gen.) Cefalosporines (4e gen.) TRUE FALSE
373 nl Cephalosporins (5th gen.) Cefalosporines (5e gen.) TRUE FALSE
374 nl Cephalosporins (unclassified gen.) Cefalosporines (ongeclassificeerd) TRUE FALSE
375 nl Cephalosporins Cefalosporines TRUE FALSE
376 nl Glycopeptides Glycopeptiden TRUE FALSE
377 nl Macrolides/lincosamides Macroliden/lincosamiden TRUE FALSE
378 nl Other antibacterials Overige antibiotica TRUE FALSE
379 nl Polymyxins Polymyxines TRUE FALSE
380 nl Quinolones Quinolonen TRUE FALSE
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<pre>GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc., &lt;http://fsf.org/&gt;
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
A SUMMARY OF THIS LICENSE BY THE ORIGINAL AUTHORS OF THE AMR R PACKAGE
This R package, with package name 'AMR':
- May be used for commercial purposes
- May be used for private purposes
- May NOT be used for patent purposes
- May be modified, although:
- Modifications MUST be released under the same license when distributing the package
- Changes made to the code MUST be documented
- May be distributed, although:
- Source code MUST be made available when the package is distributed
- A copy of the license and copyright notice MUST be included with the package.
- Comes with a LIMITATION of liability
- Comes with NO warranty
END OF THE SUMMARY
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
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b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
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when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
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the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
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distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
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except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
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infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
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otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
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may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
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If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
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This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
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certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
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<h1>How to apply EUCAST rules</h1>
<h4 class="author">Matthijs S. Berends</h4>
<h4 class="date">13 October 2019</h4>
<div class="hidden name"><code>EUCAST.Rmd</code></div>
</div>
<div id="introduction" class="section level2">
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#introduction" class="anchor"></a>Introduction</h2>
<p>What are EUCAST rules? The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) states <a href="http://www.eucast.org/expert_rules_and_intrinsic_resistance/">on their website</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><em>EUCAST expert rules are a tabulated collection of expert knowledge on intrinsic resistances, exceptional resistance phenotypes and interpretive rules that may be applied to antimicrobial susceptibility testing in order to reduce errors and make appropriate recommendations for reporting particular resistances.</em></p>
</blockquote>
<p>In Europe, a lot of medical microbiological laboratories already apply these rules (<a href="https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.2.21008">Brown <em>et al.</em>, 2015</a>). Our package features their latest insights on intrinsic resistance and exceptional phenotypes (version 9.0, 2019). Moreover, the <code><a href="../reference/eucast_rules.html">eucast_rules()</a></code> function we use for this purpose can also apply additional rules, like forcing <help title="ATC: J01CA01">ampicillin</help> = R in isolates when <help title="ATC: J01CR02">amoxicillin/clavulanic acid</help> = R.</p>
<p><em>(more will be available soon)</em></p>
<div id="benefit-for-empiric-therapy-success-estimation" class="section level3">
<h3 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#benefit-for-empiric-therapy-success-estimation" class="anchor"></a>Benefit for empiric therapy success estimation</h3>
<p><em>(will be available soon)</em></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="examples" class="section level2">
<h2 class="hasAnchor">
<a href="#examples" class="anchor"></a>Examples</h2>
<p><em>(will be available soon)</em></p>
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<li><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
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<p>Developed by <a href="https://www.rug.nl/staff/m.s.berends/">Matthijs S. Berends</a>, <a href="https://www.rug.nl/staff/c.f.luz/">Christian F. Luz</a>, <a href="https://www.rug.nl/staff/a.w.friedrich/">Alex W. Friedrich</a>, <a href="https://www.rug.nl/staff/b.sinha/">Bhanu N. M. Sinha</a>, <a href="https://www.rug.nl/staff/c.j.albers/">Casper J. Albers</a>, <a href="https://www.rug.nl/staff/c.glasner/">Corinna Glasner</a>.</p>
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