771 lines
43 KiB
HTML
771 lines
43 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<!--[if IE]><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><![endif]-->
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 1.5.8">
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<title>git-range-diff(1)</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700">
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<style>
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/* Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | http://asciidoctor.org */
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/* Uncomment @import statement below to use as custom stylesheet */
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/*@import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700";*/
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article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section,summary{display:block}
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audio,canvas,video{display:inline-block}
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audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
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script{display:none!important}
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html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
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a{background:transparent}
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a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
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a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
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h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
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abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
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b,strong{font-weight:bold}
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dfn{font-style:italic}
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hr{-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;height:0}
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mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
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code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
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pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
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q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
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small{font-size:80%}
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sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
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sup{top:-.5em}
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sub{bottom:-.25em}
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img{border:0}
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svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
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figure{margin:0}
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fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
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legend{border:0;padding:0}
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button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
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button,input{line-height:normal}
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button,select{text-transform:none}
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button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
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button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
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input[type="checkbox"],input[type="radio"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}
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button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
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textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
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table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
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*,*::before,*::after{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}
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html,body{font-size:100%}
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body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;tab-size:4;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
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a:hover{cursor:pointer}
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img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
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object,embed{height:100%}
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img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
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.left{float:left!important}
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.right{float:right!important}
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.text-left{text-align:left!important}
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.text-right{text-align:right!important}
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.text-center{text-align:center!important}
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.text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
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.hide{display:none}
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img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
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textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
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select{width:100%}
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.center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
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.stretch{width:100%}
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.subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
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div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0;direction:ltr}
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a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
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a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
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a img{border:none}
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p{font-family:inherit;font-weight:400;font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
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p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
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h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
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h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
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h1{font-size:2.125em}
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h2{font-size:1.6875em}
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h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
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h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
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h6{font-size:1em}
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hr{border:solid #dddddf;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em;height:0}
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em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
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strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
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small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
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code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
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ul,ol,dl{font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
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ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
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ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1em}
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ul.square li ul,ul.circle li ul,ul.disc li ul{list-style:inherit}
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ul.square{list-style-type:square}
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ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
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ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
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ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
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dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
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dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
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abbr,acronym{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:90%;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-bottom:1px dotted #ddd;cursor:help}
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abbr{text-transform:none}
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blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
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blockquote cite{display:block;font-size:.9375em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
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blockquote cite::before{content:"\2014 \0020"}
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blockquote cite a,blockquote cite a:visited{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
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blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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@media screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
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h1{font-size:2.75em}
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h2{font-size:2.3125em}
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h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
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h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
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table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:solid 1px #dedede}
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table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7}
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table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
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table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
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table tr.even,table tr.alt,table tr:nth-of-type(even){background:#f8f8f7}
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table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6}
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h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
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h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
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.clearfix::before,.clearfix::after,.float-group::before,.float-group::after{content:" ";display:table}
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.clearfix::after,.float-group::after{clear:both}
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*:not(pre)>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background-color:#f7f7f8;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed;word-wrap:break-word}
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*:not(pre)>code.nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
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*:not(pre)>code.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
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pre,pre>code{line-height:1.45;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
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em em{font-style:normal}
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strong strong{font-weight:400}
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.keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
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kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background-color:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em white inset;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em #fff inset;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
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.keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
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.keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
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.menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
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.menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
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.menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
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.menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
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.menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
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b.button::before,b.button::after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
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b.button::before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
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b.button::after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
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p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
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#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
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#header::before,#header::after,#content::before,#content::after,#footnotes::before,#footnotes::after,#footer::before,#footer::after{content:" ";display:table}
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#header::after,#content::after,#footnotes::after,#footer::after{clear:both}
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#content{margin-top:1.25em}
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#content::before{content:none}
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#header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
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#header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #dddddf}
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#header>h1:only-child,body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
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#header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}
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#header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
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#header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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#header .details br{display:none}
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#header .details br+span::before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
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#header .details br+span.author::before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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#header .details br+span#revremark::before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
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#header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
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#header #revnumber::after{content:"\00a0"}
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#content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
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#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e9;padding-bottom:.5em}
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#toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
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#toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
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#toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
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#toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
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#toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
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#toc a{text-decoration:none}
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#toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
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#toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
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@media screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
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body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
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#toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background-color:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #e7e7e9;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
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#toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
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#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
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#toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
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#toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
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body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
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body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #e7e7e9;left:auto;right:0}}
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@media screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
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#toc.toc2{width:20em}
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#toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
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#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
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#toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
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body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
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#content #toc{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
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#content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
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#content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
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#footer{max-width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
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#footer-text{color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);line-height:1.44}
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#content{margin-bottom:.625em}
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.sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
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@media screen and (min-width:768px){#content{margin-bottom:1.25em}
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.sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
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.sect1:last-child{padding-bottom:0}
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.sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #e7e7e9}
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#content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
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#content h1>a.anchor::before,h2>a.anchor::before,h3>a.anchor::before,#toctitle>a.anchor::before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor::before,h4>a.anchor::before,h5>a.anchor::before,h6>a.anchor::before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
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#content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
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#content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
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#content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
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.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
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.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
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table.tableblock.fit-content>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;width:0}
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.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
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table.tableblock #preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:inherit}
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.admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
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.admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
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.admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:none}
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.admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
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.admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #dddddf;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
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.admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
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.exampleblock>.content{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
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.imageblock.left{margin:.25em .625em 1.25em 0}
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a.image{text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}
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div.unbreakable{page-break-inside:avoid}
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.big{font-size:larger}
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.underline{text-decoration:underline}
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.aqua{color:#00bfbf}
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.aqua-background{background-color:#00fafa}
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.black{color:#000}
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.blue{color:#0000bf}
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.blue-background{background-color:#0000fa}
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.fuchsia{color:#bf00bf}
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.fuchsia-background{background-color:#fa00fa}
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.gray{color:#606060}
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.gray-background{background-color:#7d7d7d}
|
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|
.green{color:#006000}
|
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|
.green-background{background-color:#007d00}
|
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|
.lime{color:#00bf00}
|
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|
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|
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|
.maroon{color:#600000}
|
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|
.maroon-background{background-color:#7d0000}
|
||
|
.navy{color:#000060}
|
||
|
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|
||
|
.olive{color:#606000}
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
.teal{color:#006060}
|
||
|
.teal-background{background-color:#007d7d}
|
||
|
.white{color:#bfbfbf}
|
||
|
.white-background{background-color:#fafafa}
|
||
|
.yellow{color:#bfbf00}
|
||
|
.yellow-background{background-color:#fafa00}
|
||
|
span.icon>.fa{cursor:default}
|
||
|
a span.icon>.fa{cursor:inherit}
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-caution::before{content:"\f06d";color:#bf3400}
|
||
|
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-important::before{content:"\f06a";color:#bf0000}
|
||
|
.conum[data-value]{display:inline-block;color:#fff!important;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);-webkit-border-radius:100px;border-radius:100px;text-align:center;font-size:.75em;width:1.67em;height:1.67em;line-height:1.67em;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}
|
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|
.conum[data-value] *{color:#fff!important}
|
||
|
.conum[data-value]+b{display:none}
|
||
|
.conum[data-value]::after{content:attr(data-value)}
|
||
|
pre .conum[data-value]{position:relative;top:-.125em}
|
||
|
b.conum *{color:inherit!important}
|
||
|
.conum:not([data-value]):empty{display:none}
|
||
|
dt,th.tableblock,td.content,div.footnote{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
|
||
|
h1,h2,p,td.content,span.alt{letter-spacing:-.01em}
|
||
|
p strong,td.content strong,div.footnote strong{letter-spacing:-.005em}
|
||
|
p,blockquote,dt,td.content,span.alt{font-size:1.0625rem}
|
||
|
p{margin-bottom:1.25rem}
|
||
|
.sidebarblock p,.sidebarblock dt,.sidebarblock td.content,p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
|
||
|
.exampleblock>.content{background-color:#fffef7;border-color:#e0e0dc;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc}
|
||
|
.print-only{display:none!important}
|
||
|
@page{margin:1.25cm .75cm}
|
||
|
@media print{*{-webkit-box-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;text-shadow:none!important}
|
||
|
html{font-size:80%}
|
||
|
a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline!important}
|
||
|
a.bare,a[href^="#"],a[href^="mailto:"]{text-decoration:none!important}
|
||
|
a[href^="http:"]:not(.bare)::after,a[href^="https:"]:not(.bare)::after{content:"(" attr(href) ")";display:inline-block;font-size:.875em;padding-left:.25em}
|
||
|
abbr[title]::after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}
|
||
|
pre,blockquote,tr,img,object,svg{page-break-inside:avoid}
|
||
|
thead{display:table-header-group}
|
||
|
svg{max-width:100%}
|
||
|
p,blockquote,dt,td.content{font-size:1em;orphans:3;widows:3}
|
||
|
h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{page-break-after:avoid}
|
||
|
#toc,.sidebarblock,.exampleblock>.content{background:none!important}
|
||
|
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
|
||
|
body.book #header{text-align:center}
|
||
|
body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em}
|
||
|
body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
|
||
|
body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
|
||
|
body.book #header .details br{display:block}
|
||
|
body.book #header .details br+span::before{content:none!important}
|
||
|
body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
|
||
|
body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
|
||
|
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
|
||
|
#footer{padding:0 .9375em}
|
||
|
.hide-on-print{display:none!important}
|
||
|
.print-only{display:block!important}
|
||
|
.hide-for-print{display:none!important}
|
||
|
.show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
|
||
|
@media print,amzn-kf8{#header>h1:first-child{margin-top:1.25rem}
|
||
|
.sect1{padding:0!important}
|
||
|
.sect1+.sect1{border:0}
|
||
|
#footer{background:none}
|
||
|
#footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:.9em}}
|
||
|
@media amzn-kf8{#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{padding:0}}
|
||
|
</style>
|
||
|
</head>
|
||
|
<body class="manpage">
|
||
|
<div id="header">
|
||
|
<h1>git-range-diff(1) Manual Page</h1>
|
||
|
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<p>git-range-diff - Compare two commit ranges (e.g. two versions of a branch)</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div id="content">
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="verseblock">
|
||
|
<pre class="content"><em>git range-diff</em> [--color=[<when>]] [--no-color] [<diff-options>]
|
||
|
[--no-dual-color] [--creation-factor=<factor>]
|
||
|
( <range1> <range2> | <rev1>…​<rev2> | <base> <rev1> <rev2> )</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>This command shows the differences between two versions of a patch
|
||
|
series, or more generally, two commit ranges (ignoring merge commits).</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>To that end, it first finds pairs of commits from both commit ranges
|
||
|
that correspond with each other. Two commits are said to correspond when
|
||
|
the diff between their patches (i.e. the author information, the commit
|
||
|
message and the commit diff) is reasonably small compared to the
|
||
|
patches' size. See ``Algorithm`` below for details.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>Finally, the list of matching commits is shown in the order of the
|
||
|
second commit range, with unmatched commits being inserted just after
|
||
|
all of their ancestors have been shown.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="dlist">
|
||
|
<dl>
|
||
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-dual-color</dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
<p>When the commit diffs differ, <code>git range-diff</code> recreates the
|
||
|
original diffs' coloring, and adds outer -/+ diff markers with
|
||
|
the <strong>background</strong> being red/green to make it easier to see e.g.
|
||
|
when there was a change in what exact lines were added.</p>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>Additionally, the commit diff lines that are only present in the first commit
|
||
|
range are shown "dimmed" (this can be overridden using the <code>color.diff.<slot></code>
|
||
|
config setting where <code><slot></code> is one of <code>contextDimmed</code>, <code>oldDimmed</code> and
|
||
|
<code>newDimmed</code>), and the commit diff lines that are only present in the second
|
||
|
commit range are shown in bold (which can be overridden using the config
|
||
|
settings <code>color.diff.<slot></code> with <code><slot></code> being one of <code>contextBold</code>,
|
||
|
<code>oldBold</code> or <code>newBold</code>).</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>This is known to <code>range-diff</code> as "dual coloring". Use <code>--no-dual-color</code>
|
||
|
to revert to color all lines according to the outer diff markers
|
||
|
(and completely ignore the inner diff when it comes to color).</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt class="hdlist1">--creation-factor=<percent></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
<p>Set the creation/deletion cost fudge factor to <code><percent></code>.
|
||
|
Defaults to 60. Try a larger value if <code>git range-diff</code> erroneously
|
||
|
considers a large change a total rewrite (deletion of one commit
|
||
|
and addition of another), and a smaller one in the reverse case.
|
||
|
See the ``Algorithm`` section below for an explanation why this is
|
||
|
needed.</p>
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><range1> <range2></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
<p>Compare the commits specified by the two ranges, where
|
||
|
<code><range1></code> is considered an older version of <code><range2></code>.</p>
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><rev1>…​<rev2></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
<p>Equivalent to passing <code><rev2>..<rev1></code> and <code><rev1>..<rev2></code>.</p>
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt class="hdlist1"><base> <rev1> <rev2></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
<p>Equivalent to passing <code><base>..<rev1></code> and <code><base>..<rev2></code>.
|
||
|
Note that <code><base></code> does not need to be the exact branch point
|
||
|
of the branches. Example: after rebasing a branch <code>my-topic</code>,
|
||
|
<code>git range-diff my-topic@{u} my-topic@{1} my-topic</code> would
|
||
|
show the differences introduced by the rebase.</p>
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
</dl>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p><code>git range-diff</code> also accepts the regular diff options (see
|
||
|
<a href="git-diff.html">git-diff</a>(1)), most notably the <code>--color=[<when>]</code> and
|
||
|
<code>--no-color</code> options. These options are used when generating the "diff
|
||
|
between patches", i.e. to compare the author, commit message and diff of
|
||
|
corresponding old/new commits. There is currently no means to tweak the
|
||
|
diff options passed to <code>git log</code> when generating those patches.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_output_stability">OUTPUT STABILITY</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>The output of the <code>range-diff</code> command is subject to change. It is
|
||
|
intended to be human-readable porcelain output, not something that can
|
||
|
be used across versions of Git to get a textually stable <code>range-diff</code>
|
||
|
(as opposed to something like the <code>--stable</code> option to
|
||
|
<a href="git-patch-id.html">git-patch-id</a>(1)). There’s also no equivalent of
|
||
|
<a href="git-apply.html">git-apply</a>(1) for <code>range-diff</code>, the output is not intended to
|
||
|
be machine-readable.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>This is particularly true when passing in diff options. Currently some
|
||
|
options like <code>--stat</code> can, as an emergent effect, produce output
|
||
|
that’s quite useless in the context of <code>range-diff</code>. Future versions
|
||
|
of <code>range-diff</code> may learn to interpret such options in a manner
|
||
|
specific to <code>range-diff</code> (e.g. for <code>--stat</code> producing human-readable
|
||
|
output which summarizes how the diffstat changed).</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>This command uses the <code>diff.color.*</code> and <code>pager.range-diff</code> settings
|
||
|
(the latter is on by default).
|
||
|
See <a href="git-config.html">git-config</a>(1).</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>When a rebase required merge conflicts to be resolved, compare the changes
|
||
|
introduced by the rebase directly afterwards using:</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
<pre>$ git range-diff @{u} @{1} @</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>A typical output of <code>git range-diff</code> would look like this:</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
<pre>-: ------- > 1: 0ddba11 Prepare for the inevitable!
|
||
|
1: c0debee = 2: cab005e Add a helpful message at the start
|
||
|
2: f00dbal ! 3: decafe1 Describe a bug
|
||
|
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
|
||
|
Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
|
||
|
|
||
|
-TODO: Describe a bug
|
||
|
+Describe a bug
|
||
|
@@ -324,5 +324,6
|
||
|
This is expected.
|
||
|
|
||
|
-+What is unexpected is that it will also crash.
|
||
|
++Unexpectedly, it also crashes. This is a bug, and the jury is
|
||
|
++still out there how to fix it best. See ticket #314 for details.
|
||
|
|
||
|
Contact
|
||
|
3: bedead < -: ------- TO-UNDO</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>In this example, there are 3 old and 3 new commits, where the developer
|
||
|
removed the 3rd, added a new one before the first two, and modified the
|
||
|
commit message of the 2nd commit as well its diff.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>When the output goes to a terminal, it is color-coded by default, just
|
||
|
like regular <code>git diff</code>'s output. In addition, the first line (adding a
|
||
|
commit) is green, the last line (deleting a commit) is red, the second
|
||
|
line (with a perfect match) is yellow like the commit header of <code>git
|
||
|
show</code>'s output, and the third line colors the old commit red, the new
|
||
|
one green and the rest like <code>git show</code>'s commit header.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>A naive color-coded diff of diffs is actually a bit hard to read,
|
||
|
though, as it colors the entire lines red or green. The line that added
|
||
|
"What is unexpected" in the old commit, for example, is completely red,
|
||
|
even if the intent of the old commit was to add something.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>To help with that, <code>range</code> uses the <code>--dual-color</code> mode by default. In
|
||
|
this mode, the diff of diffs will retain the original diff colors, and
|
||
|
prefix the lines with -/+ markers that have their <strong>background</strong> red or
|
||
|
green, to make it more obvious that they describe how the diff itself
|
||
|
changed.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_algorithm">Algorithm</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>The general idea is this: we generate a cost matrix between the commits
|
||
|
in both commit ranges, then solve the least-cost assignment.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>The cost matrix is populated thusly: for each pair of commits, both
|
||
|
diffs are generated and the "diff of diffs" is generated, with 3 context
|
||
|
lines, then the number of lines in that diff is used as cost.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>To avoid false positives (e.g. when a patch has been removed, and an
|
||
|
unrelated patch has been added between two iterations of the same patch
|
||
|
series), the cost matrix is extended to allow for that, by adding
|
||
|
fixed-cost entries for wholesale deletes/adds.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>Example: Let commits <code>1--2</code> be the first iteration of a patch series and
|
||
|
<code>A--C</code> the second iteration. Let’s assume that <code>A</code> is a cherry-pick of
|
||
|
<code>2,</code> and <code>C</code> is a cherry-pick of <code>1</code> but with a small modification (say,
|
||
|
a fixed typo). Visualize the commits as a bipartite graph:</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
<pre> 1 A
|
||
|
|
||
|
2 B
|
||
|
|
||
|
C</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>We are looking for a "best" explanation of the new series in terms of
|
||
|
the old one. We can represent an "explanation" as an edge in the graph:</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
<pre> 1 A
|
||
|
/
|
||
|
2 --------' B
|
||
|
|
||
|
C</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>This explanation comes for "free" because there was no change. Similarly
|
||
|
<code>C</code> could be explained using <code>1</code>, but that comes at some cost c>0
|
||
|
because of the modification:</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
<pre> 1 ----. A
|
||
|
| /
|
||
|
2 ----+---' B
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
`----- C
|
||
|
c>0</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>In mathematical terms, what we are looking for is some sort of a minimum
|
||
|
cost bipartite matching; <code>1</code> is matched to <code>C</code> at some cost, etc. The
|
||
|
underlying graph is in fact a complete bipartite graph; the cost we
|
||
|
associate with every edge is the size of the diff between the two
|
||
|
commits' patches. To explain also new commits, we introduce dummy nodes
|
||
|
on both sides:</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
<pre> 1 ----. A
|
||
|
| /
|
||
|
2 ----+---' B
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
o `----- C
|
||
|
c>0
|
||
|
o o
|
||
|
|
||
|
o o</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>The cost of an edge <code>o--C</code> is the size of <code>C</code>'s diff, modified by a
|
||
|
fudge factor that should be smaller than 100%. The cost of an edge
|
||
|
<code>o--o</code> is free. The fudge factor is necessary because even if <code>1</code> and
|
||
|
<code>C</code> have nothing in common, they may still share a few empty lines and
|
||
|
such, possibly making the assignment <code>1--C</code>, <code>o--o</code> slightly cheaper
|
||
|
than <code>1--o</code>, <code>o--C</code> even if <code>1</code> and <code>C</code> have nothing in common. With the
|
||
|
fudge factor we require a much larger common part to consider patches as
|
||
|
corresponding.</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>The overall time needed to compute this algorithm is the time needed to
|
||
|
compute n+m commit diffs and then n*m diffs of patches, plus the time
|
||
|
needed to compute the least-cost assigment between n and m diffs. Git
|
||
|
uses an implementation of the Jonker-Volgenant algorithm to solve the
|
||
|
assignment problem, which has cubic runtime complexity. The matching
|
||
|
found in this case will look like this:</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
||
|
<div class="content">
|
||
|
<pre> 1 ----. A
|
||
|
| /
|
||
|
2 ----+---' B
|
||
|
.--+-----'
|
||
|
o -' `----- C
|
||
|
c>0
|
||
|
o ---------- o
|
||
|
|
||
|
o ---------- o</pre>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p><a href="git-log.html">git-log</a>(1)</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div class="sect1">
|
||
|
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
|
||
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
||
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
|
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git</a>(1) suite</p>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
<div id="footer">
|
||
|
<div id="footer-text">
|
||
|
Last updated 2019-02-26 19:31:11 UTC
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</div>
|
||
|
</body>
|
||
|
</html>
|