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Author SHA1 Message Date
9c6c60093a asd 2021-11-05 10:58:16 +01:00
06e9bc2468 asd 2021-10-21 15:50:32 +02:00
4fae3807fd asd 2021-09-21 08:13:55 +02:00
639d1cdd74 new v 2021-09-15 10:45:08 +02:00
8817ed4b4c new figures: paper 2021-07-09 15:22:23 +02:00
056b2e8a14 m 2021-06-28 19:45:17 +02:00
4311b6f65e final press 8ecm 2021-06-25 11:07:12 +02:00
1b00a76a17 update 2021-06-17 16:58:23 +02:00
4ffd1c03c1 press images 2021-06-16 20:41:15 +02:00
6e8598b897 s 2021-06-15 12:11:18 +02:00
b75e5995e0 add 8ecm 2021-06-09 12:54:31 +02:00
45 changed files with 3965 additions and 179 deletions

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@ -6,11 +6,12 @@ import pickle
import yaml
#import matplotlib.font_manager
from matplotlib import rc
rc('font',**{'family':'sans-serif','sans-serif':['Helvetica']})
rc('text', usetex=True)
import matplotlib.font_manager
def is_ipython():
''' Check if script is run in IPython.
@ -49,10 +50,14 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
if is_ipython():
plt.ion()
resultsname = 'results_slices_15dB/'
idx_a = input_file.find('/')
idx_b = input_file[idx_a+1::].find('/')
name_file = input_file[idx_a+1:idx_b+idx_a+1]
inputfile_path = 'results/' + name_file + '/input.yaml'
inputfile_path = resultsname + name_file + '/input.yaml'
with open(inputfile_path) as file:
@ -76,11 +81,16 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
}
dim = dat['theta'].shape[-1]
meas_flag = False
RC_flag = False
if dim==7:
RC_flag = True
else:
RC_flag = False
line_split = 1.5
rec_values = {}
current_val = []
current_val_C = []
ids_type = []
@ -95,10 +105,10 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
ids.append(bnd_c['id'])
ids_type.append('windkessel')
current_val.append(bnd_set['parameters']['R_d'])
labels.append('$R_' + str(bnd_c['id']))
labels.append('$R_' + str(bnd_c['id']-3))
if RC_flag:
current_val_C.append(bnd_set['parameters']['C'])
labels.append('$C_' + str(bnd_c['id']))
labels.append('$C_' + str(bnd_c['id']-3))
elif 'dirichlet' in bnd_c['type']:
@ -109,11 +119,9 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
dim = dat['theta'].shape[-1]
fig1, axes1 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,6))
fig1, axes1 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,7))
if RC_flag:
fig2, axes2 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,6))
fig2, axes2 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,7))
t = dat['times']
@ -144,50 +152,53 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
for i in range(len(ids)):
cur_key = ids[i]
true_level = np.log(true_values[ids[i]]/current_val[i])/np.log(2)
rec_value = np.round(2**theta[-1, idx]*current_val[i],2)
#curve = theta[:,idx] + line_split*idx - true_level
#dash_curve = line_split*idx + t*0
curve = 2**theta[:, idx]*current_val[i]
std_down = 2**(-np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx]))*curve
std_up = 2**np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx])*curve
dash_curve = true_values[ids[i]] + t*0
rec_values[cur_key] = rec_value
if ids_type[i] == 'dirichlet':
pass
#axes3.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$')
#axes3.fill_between(t, curve - np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx]), curve + np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx]), alpha=0.3, color=col_)
#legends_=next(legends)
#axes3.plot(t, dash_curve , color=col_,ls='--')
fig3, axes3 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,5))
axes3.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 4)
axes3.fill_between(t, std_down, std_up, alpha=0.3, color=col_)
legends_=next(legends)
axes3.plot(t, dash_curve , color=col_,ls='--' , linewidth = 3)
axes3.set_ylabel(r'$U$',fontsize=36)
axes3.legend(fontsize=36,loc='upper right')
axes3.set_xlim([-0.01,0.81])
axes3.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=36)
axes3.set_box_aspect(1/4)
plt.xticks(fontsize=28)
plt.yticks(fontsize=28)
plt.savefig(resultsname + name_file + '/U.png')
else:
axes1.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 2)
axes1.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 3)
axes1.fill_between(t, std_down, std_up, alpha=0.3, color=col_)
axes1.plot(t, dash_curve , color=col_,ls='--')
axes1.plot(t, dash_curve , color=col_,ls='--',linewidth = 3)
legends_=next(legends)
if RC_flag:
if i<len(current_val_C):
rec_value_C = np.round(2**theta[-1, idx+1]*current_val_C[idc],6)
if RC_flag:
if i<len(current_val_C):
true_level_C = np.log(true_values_C[ids[i]]/current_val_C[i])/np.log(2)
rec_value_C = np.round(2**theta[-1, idc]*current_val_C[idc],6)
curve_C = 2**theta[:, idx+1]*current_val_C[idc]
dash_curve_C = true_values_C[ids[i]] + t*0
std_C_down = 2**(-np.sqrt(P[:, idx+1, idx+1]))*curve_C
std_C_up = 2**np.sqrt(P[:, idx+1, idx+1])*curve_C
axes2.plot(t, curve_C , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value_C) + '/' + str(true_values_C[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 2)
axes2.fill_between(t, std_C_down, std_C_up, alpha=0.3, color=col_)
axes2.plot(t, dash_curve_C , color=col_,ls='--')
legends_=next(legends)
idx +=1
idc +=1
curve_C = 2**theta[:, idx+1]*current_val_C[idc]
dash_curve_C = true_values_C[ids[i]] + t*0
std_C_down = 2**(-np.sqrt(P[:, idx+1, idx+1]))*curve_C
std_C_up = 2**np.sqrt(P[:, idx+1, idx+1])*curve_C
axes2.plot(t, curve_C , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value_C) + '/' + str(true_values_C[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 3)
axes2.fill_between(t, std_C_down, std_C_up, alpha=0.3, color=col_)
axes2.plot(t, dash_curve_C , color=col_,ls='--',linewidth = 3)
legends_=next(legends)
idx +=1
idc +=1
if meas_flag:
@ -197,21 +208,56 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
idx +=1
axes1.set_ylabel(r'$R_d$',fontsize=22)
axes1.legend(fontsize=18,loc='upper right')
axes1.set_ylabel(r'$R_d$',fontsize=36)
axes1.legend(fontsize=36,loc='upper right')
axes1.set_xlim([-0.01,0.81])
axes1.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=22)
plt.savefig('C.png')
axes1.set_ylim([1700,55000])
axes1.set_box_aspect(1/2)
plt.xticks(fontsize=28)
plt.yticks(fontsize=28)
axes1.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=36)
plt.savefig('Rd.png')
if RC_flag:
axes2.set_ylabel(r'$C$',fontsize=22)
axes2.legend(fontsize=18,loc='upper right')
axes2.set_ylabel(r'$C$',fontsize=36)
axes2.legend(fontsize=36,loc='upper right')
axes2.set_xlim([-0.01,0.81])
axes2.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=22)
plt.xticks(fontsize=28)
plt.yticks(fontsize=28)
axes2.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=36)
fig2.savefig('C.png')
fig1.savefig('Rd.png')
fig1.savefig(resultsname + name_file + '/Rd.png')
print('Final value theta: \t {}'.format(theta[-1, :]))
print('Deparameterized: 2^theta_end: \t {}'.format(2**theta[-1, :]))
print('Real values: \t {}'.format(true_values))
print('Recon. values: \t {}'.format(rec_values))
# saving reconstructed values
np.save(resultsname + name_file + '/recon_values.npy',rec_values)
print('----- paper ----')
rec_values_new = {}
epsilon = []
for rk in rec_values.keys():
eps = 100*rec_values[rk]/true_values[rk]-100
epsilon.append(eps)
if rk == 2:
rec_values_new[rk] = np.round(rec_values[rk],1)
else:
rec_values_new[rk] = np.round(rec_values[rk]/1000,2)
print('Recon. values: \t {}'.format(rec_values_new))
print('epsilon =' , np.round(np.mean(epsilon),2))
if not is_ipython():
plt.show()

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@ -5,6 +5,14 @@ import argparse
import pickle
import yaml
#import matplotlib.font_manager
from matplotlib import rc
rc('font',**{'family':'sans-serif','sans-serif':['Helvetica']})
rc('text', usetex=True)
def is_ipython():
''' Check if script is run in IPython.
@ -45,8 +53,7 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
idx_a = input_file.find('/')
idx_b = input_file[idx_a+1::].find('/')
name_file = input_file[idx_a+1:idx_b+idx_a+1]
inputfile_path = 'results/' + name_file + '/input.yaml'
inputfile_path = 'results_slices_15dB/' + name_file + '/input.yaml'
with open(inputfile_path) as file:
inputfile = yaml.full_load(file)
@ -61,21 +68,10 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
2: 75
}
true_values_C = {
3: 0.0004,
4: 0.0004,
5: 0.0003,
6: 0.0003,
}
dim = dat['theta'].shape[-1]
meas_flag = False
RC_mod = True
line_split = 1.5
current_val = []
current_val_C = []
ids_type = []
labels = []
ids = []
@ -88,10 +84,7 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
ids.append(bnd_c['id'])
ids_type.append('windkessel')
current_val.append(bnd_set['parameters']['R_d'])
labels.append('$R_' + str(bnd_c['id']))
if RC_mod:
current_val_C.append(bnd_set['parameters']['C'])
labels.append('$C_' + str(bnd_c['id']))
labels.append('$R_' + str(bnd_c['id']-3))
elif 'dirichlet' in bnd_c['type']:
@ -101,93 +94,89 @@ def plot_parameters(dat, input_file, deparameterize=False, ref=None):
labels.append('$U')
if 'windkessel' in ids_type:
fig1, axes1 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,7))
if 'dirichlet' in ids_type:
fig3, axes3 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,7))
dim = dat['theta'].shape[-1]
fig1, axes = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(8,6))
axes.set_ylabel(r'$\theta$',fontsize=18)
t = dat['times']
theta = dat['theta']
P = dat['P_theta']
col = cycle(['C0', 'C1', 'C2', 'C3','C4'])
ls = cycle(['-', '-', '--', '--', ':', ':', '-.', '-.'])
color_list = ['tomato', 'springgreen' , '#2CBDFE']
col = cycle(color_list)
legends = cycle(labels)
if meas_flag:
t_und = t[0::30]
t_und = np.append( t_und , [t[-1]])
meas_mark = t_und*0
col_ = next(col)
ls_ = next(ls)
legends_=next(legends)
if dim == 1:
theta = theta.reshape((-1, 1))
P = P.reshape((-1, 1, 1))
idx = 0
idc = 0
for i in range(len(ids)):
cur_key = ids[i]
true_level = np.log(true_values[ids[i]]/current_val[i])/np.log(2)
rec_value = np.round(2**theta[-1, idx]*current_val[i],2)
#curve = theta[:,i] + line_split*i
#dash_curve = line_split*i + t*0 + true_level
curve = theta[:,idx] + line_split*idx - true_level
dash_curve = line_split*idx + t*0
axes.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$')
axes.fill_between(t, curve - np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx]), curve + np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx]), alpha=0.3, color=col_)
legends_=next(legends)
axes.plot(t, dash_curve , color=col_,ls='--')
curve = 2**theta[:, idx]*current_val[i]
std_down = 2**(-np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx]))*curve
std_up = 2**np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx])*curve
dash_curve = true_values[ids[i]] + t*0
if RC_mod:
if i<len(current_val_C):
true_level_C = np.log(true_values_C[ids[i]]/current_val_C[i])/np.log(2)
rec_value_C = np.round(2**theta[-1, idc]*current_val_C[idc],6)
curve_C = theta[:,idx+1] + line_split*(idx+1) - true_level_C
dash_curve_C = line_split*(idx+1) + t*0
#print(true_values_C[cur_key_C])
axes.plot(t, curve_C , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value_C) + '/' + str(true_values_C[cur_key]) + '$')
axes.fill_between(t, curve_C - np.sqrt(P[:, idx+1, idx+1]), curve_C + np.sqrt(P[:, idx+1, idx+1]), alpha=0.3, color=col_)
axes.plot(t, dash_curve_C , color=col_,ls='--')
legends_=next(legends)
idx +=1
idc +=1
if ids_type[i] == 'dirichlet':
#axes3.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 5)
axes3.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '$', linewidth = 5)
axes3.fill_between(t, std_down, std_up, alpha=0.3, color=col_)
legends_=next(legends)
axes3.plot(t, dash_curve , color=col_,ls='--' , linewidth = 3)
axes3.set_ylabel(r'$U$',fontsize=36)
axes3.legend(fontsize=36,loc='upper right')
axes3.set_xlim([0,0.45])
axes3.set_ylim([8,180])
axes3.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=36)
axes3.set_box_aspect(1/2)
plt.xticks(fontsize=28)
plt.yticks(fontsize=28)
#plt.savefig('U_' + name_file + '.png')
plt.close(fig3)
else:
#axes1.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '= ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 4)
axes1.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + '$', linewidth = 4)
axes1.fill_between(t, std_down, std_up, alpha=0.3, color=col_)
axes1.plot(t, dash_curve , color=col_,ls='--',linewidth = 3)
legends_=next(legends)
if meas_flag:
axes.plot(t_und, meas_mark + line_split*idx, marker = 'x', color='red')
col_ = next(col)
idx +=1
axes.legend(fontsize=14,loc='lower right')
axes.set_xlim([-0.01,0.81])
axes.set_xlabel(r'time (s)',fontsize=18)
# print('theta_peak: \t {}'.format(theta[round(len(theta)/2), :]))
print('Final value theta: \t {}'.format(theta[-1, :]))
print('Deparameterized: 2^theta_end: \t {}'.format(2**theta[-1, :]))
print('Real values: \t {}'.format(true_values))
#print('Recon values: \t {a}:{b} '.format(a=ids[:],b=np.round(2**theta[-1, :]*current_val,2)))
plt.savefig('windk_res')
if not is_ipython():
plt.show()
axes1.set_ylabel(r'$R_d$',fontsize=30)
axes1.legend(fontsize=36,loc='upper right')
axes1.set_xlim([0,0.8])
axes1.set_ylim([-1000,66000])
axes1.set_box_aspect(1/2)
plt.xticks(fontsize=28)
plt.yticks(fontsize=28)
axes1.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=36)
path_paper = '/home/yeye/A_aliasing_kalman/latex/0_preprint/Figures/'
path_paper = '/home/yeye/Desktop/'
#fig1.savefig('Rd_'+ name_file +'.png')
fig1.savefig(path_paper + 'Rd_'+ name_file +'.png')
def get_parser():

153
kalman/graphics/figureU.py Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from itertools import cycle
import argparse
import pickle
import yaml
#import matplotlib.font_manager
from matplotlib import rc
rc('font',**{'family':'sans-serif','sans-serif':['Helvetica']})
rc('text', usetex=True)
def plot_parameters():
''' Plot the parameters in separate subplots with uncertainties.
Args:
dat (dict): data dictionary
deparameterize (bool): flag indicating if parameters should be
deparameterized via 2**theta
ref: reference value to be plotted with parameters
'''
name_file = ['SNR12V120_Pf','SNR12V70_Pf','SNR12V30_Pf']
#name_file = ['SNR12V120_Pf_MAG','SNR12V70_Pf_MAG','SNR12V30_Pf_MAG']
#name_file = ['SNR12V120_Pb_MAG','SNR12V70_Pb_MAG','SNR12V30_Pb_MAG']
name_file = ['slice2.3_Pa']
vencs = ['180','105','45']
path0 = '/home/yeye/Desktop/kalman/results/'
fig, axes = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(12,7))
col = cycle(['orangered', 'dodgerblue', 'limegreen', 'C3','C4'])
true_values = {
3: 4800,
4: 7200,
5: 11520,
6: 11520,
2: 75
}
for nn,name in enumerate(name_file):
path1 = path0 + name + '/'
inputfile_path = path1 + 'input.yaml'
dat = np.load(path1 + 'theta_stats.npz')
with open(inputfile_path) as file:
inputfile = yaml.full_load(file)
col_ = next(col)
dim = dat['theta'].shape[-1]
current_val = []
ids_type = []
labels = []
ids = []
for bnd_c in inputfile['estimation']['boundary_conditions']:
if 'windkessel' in bnd_c['type']:
for bnd_set in inputfile['boundary_conditions']:
if bnd_c['id'] == bnd_set['id']:
ids.append(bnd_c['id'])
ids_type.append('windkessel')
current_val.append(bnd_set['parameters']['R_d'])
elif 'dirichlet' in bnd_c['type']:
current_val.append(inputfile['boundary_conditions'][0]['parameters']['U'])
ids.append(bnd_c['id'])
ids_type.append('dirichlet')
labels.append('$U')
t = dat['times']
theta = dat['theta']
P = dat['P_theta']
legends = cycle(labels)
legends_=next(legends)
if dim == 1:
theta = theta.reshape((-1, 1))
P = P.reshape((-1, 1, 1))
idx = 0
for i in range(len(ids)):
cur_key = ids[i]
rec_value = np.round(2**theta[-1, idx]*current_val[i],2)
curve = 2**theta[:, idx]*current_val[i]
std_down = 2**(-np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx]))*curve
std_up = 2**np.sqrt(P[:, idx, idx])*curve
dash_curve = true_values[ids[i]] + t*0
if ids_type[i] == 'dirichlet':
axes.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= '$(venc \ '+ vencs[nn] + ' \ cm/s) \ U = ' + str(rec_value) + '/' + str(true_values[cur_key]) + '$', linewidth = 5)
#axes.plot(t, curve , '-', color=col_,label= legends_ + vencs[nn] + ' \ cm/s$', linewidth = 5)
axes.fill_between(t, std_down, std_up, alpha=0.3, color=col_)
legends_=next(legends)
axes.plot(t, dash_curve , color='black',ls='--' , linewidth = 3)
idx +=1
axes.set_ylabel(r'$U$',fontsize=36)
axes.legend(fontsize=30,loc='upper right')
axes.set_xlim([0,0.35])
axes.set_ylim([10,160])
axes.set_xlabel(r'$t (s)$',fontsize=36)
axes.set_box_aspect(1/2)
plt.xticks(fontsize=28)
plt.yticks(fontsize=28)
plt.savefig('U.png')
plt.show()
#path_paper = '/home/yeye/A_aliasing_kalman/latex/0_preprint/Figures/'
#fig1.savefig('Rd_'+ name_file +'.png')
if __name__ == '__main__':
plot_parameters()

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@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from itertools import cycle
import argparse
import pickle
import yaml
from matplotlib import rc
rc('font',**{'family':'sans-serif','sans-serif':['Helvetica']})
rc('text', usetex=True)
u = np.linspace(-2,2,100)
utrue = 1
venc1 = 0.9*utrue
venc2 = 0.6*utrue
fig1, ax1 = plt.subplots(1,1,figsize=(8, 5))
J1 = 1 - np.cos((utrue-u)/venc1*np.pi)
J2 = 1 - np.cos((utrue-u)/venc2*np.pi)
lwidth = 2
font_size = 28
ax1.plot(u, J1, color = 'orangered', label = '$venc = 0.9 u_{true}$', linestyle='-',linewidth=lwidth)
ax1.plot(u, J2, color = 'dodgerblue', label = '$venc = 0.6 u_{true}$', linestyle='-',linewidth=lwidth)
ax1.axvline(x=1,color = 'black',linewidth = lwidth , label = '$u_{true}$')
ax1.legend(fontsize=20, loc= 'upper right')
ax1.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=22)
ax1.set_yticks([])
ax1.set_xlabel('$u$',fontsize=font_size)
ax1.set_ylabel('$J(u)$',fontsize=font_size)
plt.show()
fig1.savefig('functionals.png', dpi=500, bbox_inches='tight')

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@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from itertools import cycle
import argparse
import pickle
import yaml
from matplotlib import rc
rc('font',**{'family':'sans-serif','sans-serif':['Helvetica']})
rc('text', usetex=True)
font_size = 28
################ Flow Parameters
Rd = 2.5
Rt = 0.5
GradP = 4
mu = 0.5
fac = 1
nr = 50
VENC = 0.6
VENC2 = 0.4
gamma = 267.513e6 # rad/Tesla/sec Gyromagnetic ratio for H nuclei
Bo = 1.5 # Tesla Magnetic Field Strenght
TE = 5e-3 # Echo-time
phi0 = gamma*Bo*TE # Reference phase
phi02 = phi0%3.14
r = np.linspace(-Rd, Rd, nr)
dr = r[2]-r[1]
vmax = 1
v = vmax/Rt**2*( Rt**2 - r**2 )*(np.abs(r)<Rt); # Poiseuille Formula
ai = v/vmax
theta = np.linspace(-4,5,2000)
vtest = np.linspace(-5,5,2000)
jv = 0*theta
JV = 0*theta
JV2 = 0*theta
Mjv = np.zeros([len(theta),len(ai)])
Mjv2 = np.zeros([len(theta),len(ai)])
jv0 = 0*theta
JV0 = 0*theta
Mjv0 = np.zeros([len(theta),len(ai)])
#################################### MAGNETIZACION FROM V
phiv = phi02 + v*np.pi/VENC
phiv2 = phi02 + v*np.pi/VENC2
modv = np.ones(phiv.shape)
M1 = modv*np.cos(phi02) + 1j*modv*np.sin(phi02)
M2 = modv*np.cos(phiv) + 1j*modv*np.sin(phiv)
M2_2 = modv*np.cos(phiv2) + 1j*modv*np.sin(phiv2)
################################### FFT to COMPLEX M
S1 = np.fft.fft(M1)
S2 = np.fft.fft(M2)
S2_2 = np.fft.fft(M2_2)
MR1 = np.fft.ifft(S1)
MR2 = np.fft.ifft(S2)
MR2_2 = np.fft.ifft(S2_2)
vrec1 = (np.angle(MR2)-phi02)*VENC/(np.pi)
vrec2 = (np.angle(MR2_2)-phi02)*VENC2/(np.pi)
for k in range(len(ai)):
# v func
jv0 = 1-np.cos(np.pi*(vrec1[k]-vtest)/VENC)
Mjv0[:,k] = jv0[:]
JV0 += jv0
# theta func
jv = 1-np.cos(np.pi*(vrec1[k]-theta*ai[k])/VENC)
Mjv[:,k] = jv[:]
JV += jv
jv2 = 1-np.cos(np.pi*(vrec2[k]-theta*ai[k])/VENC2)
Mjv2[:,k] = jv2[:]
JV2 += jv2
NJV1 = JV#*100/np.max(JV)
NJV2 = JV2#*110/np.max(JV)
MV = Mjv0
V =NJV1
V2 =NJV2
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6), dpi=100)
ax1 = plt.subplot(1,2,1)
ch1 = 20
ch2 = 23
color1 = 'xkcd:coral'
color2 = 'xkcd:azure'
color3 = 'darkviolet'
lwidth = 2
# Miniplot
left, bottom, width, height = [0.18, 0.17, 0.1, 0.1]
ax0 = fig.add_axes([left, bottom, width, height])
ax0.plot(r,v,'b-')
ax0.plot([r[ch1]],[v[ch1]],color=color1,marker='o')
ax0.plot([r[ch2]],[v[ch2]],color=color2,marker='o')
ax0.set_xlim((-1.5,1.5))
ax0.set_xticks([])
ax0.set_ylabel(r'$u$',fontsize=20)
# Figure 1
#ax1.plot(vtest, MV[:,ch1],color='xkcd:coral',label='$v_1$')
#ax1.plot(vtest, MV[:,ch2],color='xkcd:azure',label='$v_2$')
ax1.plot(vtest, MV[:,ch1],color=color1,linewidth=lwidth)
ax1.plot(vtest, MV[:,ch2],color=color2,linewidth=lwidth)
m1x = vtest[np.where( np.abs(MV[:,ch1] - np.min(MV[:,ch1]))<0.001 )]
m1y = np.min(MV[:,ch1])
m2x = vtest[np.where( np.abs(MV[:,ch2] - np.min(MV[:,ch2]))<0.001 )]
m2y = np.min(MV[:,ch2])
#ax1.plot([m1x],[m1y],color='xkcd:coral',marker='o')
#ax1.plot([m2x],[m2y],color='xkcd:azure',marker='o')
ax1.axvline(x=v[ch1], color=color1, linestyle='--',label='$v_{1,true}$')
ax1.axvline(x=v[ch2], color=color2, linestyle='--',label='$v_{2,true}$')
ax1.set_ylabel('$individual \ functional$',fontsize=20)
#ax1.legend(loc='upper right', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, 1.05),ncol=2, fancybox=True, shadow=True,fontsize=15)
ax1.set_yticks([])
ax1.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=22)
#ax1.set_xticks([])
#ax1.legend(fontsize=20, loc= 'upper right')
ax1.set_xlim((-3.5,3.5))
ax1.set_ylim((-1.1,2.9))
ax1.set_xlabel('$u$',fontsize=font_size)
ax1.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=22)
ax1.set_yticks([])
ax1.text(-1,2.4,'$u_{true}$',fontsize=22, color = color1)
ax1.text(1.1,2.4,'$u_{true}$',fontsize=22, color = color2)
# Figure 2
ax2 = plt.subplot(1,2,2)
ax2.plot(theta,V,color=color3,linestyle = '-',linewidth=lwidth, label = '$venc=0.6u_{true}$')
ax2.plot(theta,V2,color='darkorange',linestyle = '-',linewidth=lwidth, label = '$venc=0.4u_{true}$')
ax2.axvline(x=1, color='black', linestyle='--')
ax2.set_xlabel(r'$\theta$',fontsize=font_size)
ax2.set_ylabel(r'$total \ functional$',fontsize=20)
plt.yticks([])
ax2.legend(fontsize=17, loc= 'upper left',frameon=False)
ax2.set_ylim((-3,20))
ax2.text(1.2,17,r'$ \theta _{true}$',fontsize=22, color = 'black')
ax2.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=22)
#ax2.set_xticks([])
#plt.title(r'$\theta_{true}=1$' + '\n' +'$venc < v_{max}$',fontsize=15)
plt.xlim((-3.5,3.5))
plt.show()
fig.savefig('functionals2.png', dpi=500, bbox_inches='tight')

View File

@ -5,15 +5,15 @@ fluid:
density: 1.2
dynamic_viscosity: 0.035
stokes: False
implicit_windkessel: True
state_velocity: 'update'
io:
write_path: 'results/Rz_Pa_vnoise'
write_path: 'results/aorta'
restart:
path: '' # './projects/nse_coa3d/results/test_restart2/'
time: 0
write_xdmf: True
write_checkpoints: True
write_checkpoints: True
write_hdf5_timeseries: False
write_velocity: 'update' # update or tentative
@ -26,10 +26,7 @@ boundary_conditions:
# -U*sin(DOLFIN_PI*(t-1.6)/Th)*(t<= 1.6+Th )*(t>1.6) + (t<2.4)*(1.6+Th<t)*(U*DOLFIN_PI/Th*(t-1.6-Th)*exp(-(t-1.6-Th)*beta))' ]
value: ['0','0','-U*sin(DOLFIN_PI*t/Th)*(t<=Th) + (Th<t)*(U*DOLFIN_PI/Th*(t-Th)*exp(-(t-Th)*beta))']
parameters:
#U: 75 #P0
U: 150 #Pa
#U: 100 #Pg
#U: 40 #Pc
U: 75 #REFERENCE
Th: 0.36
beta: 70
t: 0
@ -51,15 +48,10 @@ boundary_conditions:
type: 'windkessel'
parameters:
R_p: 480
#C: 0.0004 # P0
C: 0.0005 # Pa
#C: 0.0010 # Pb
#C: 0.0001 # Pc
#C: 0.0008 # Pg
#R_d: 7200 #P0
C: 0.0004 # REFERENCE
#R_d: 7200 # REFERENCE
R_d: 8760 #Pa
#R_d: 17520 #Pb x2
#R_d: 10000 #Pg
#R_d: 4000 #Pc
p0: 85
conv: 1333.223874
@ -68,16 +60,10 @@ boundary_conditions:
type: 'windkessel'
parameters:
R_p: 520
#C: 0.0003 # REFERENCE
C: 0.0005 # Pa
#C: 0.0010 # Pb
#C: 0.0001 # Pc
#C: 0.0008 # Pg
C: 0.0003 # REFERENCE
#R_d: 11520 # REFERENCE
R_d: 8760 #Pa
#R_d: 17520 #Pb x2
#R_d: 26280 #Pc x3
#R_d: 10000 #Pg
#R_d: 4000 #Pc
p0: 85
conv: 1333.223874
@ -86,16 +72,10 @@ boundary_conditions:
type: 'windkessel'
parameters:
R_p: 520
#C: 0.0003 # REFERENCE
C: 0.0005 #Pa
#C: 0.0010 #Pb
#C: 0.0001 #Pc
#C: 0.0008 #Pg
C: 0.0003 # REFERENCE
#R_d: 11520 # REFERENCE
R_d: 8760 #Pa
#R_d: 17520 #Pb x2
#R_d: 26280 #Pc x3
#R_d: 10000 #Pg
#R_d: 4000 #Pc
p0: 85
conv: 1333.223874
@ -129,6 +109,13 @@ timemarching:
checkpoint_dt: 0.03 # <= 0: only last; else value + last
report: 1 # 0: print nothing, 1: print time step and writeout, 2: 1 + flux
windkessel:
implicit: True
# low rank update formulation can run in parallel.
# note that fgmres or similar has to be selected for the pressure solve, as
# matrix is not explicitly formed.
low_rank_update: False
# solver setup
fem:
velocity_space: p1 # p1 p1b/p1+ p2
@ -145,7 +132,7 @@ fem:
streamline_diffusion:
enabled: False
parameter: 'standard' # standard, shakib, codina, klr
length_scale: 'metric' # average, max, metric
length_scale: 'average' # average, max, metric
parameter_element_constant: True
Cinv: ~
monolithic:
@ -159,52 +146,52 @@ fem:
linear_solver:
method: 'lu'
#inputfile: 'input_files/fracstep_p-gmres_u-LU_WK-LRC.yaml'
estimation:
boundary_conditions:
#-
# id: 3
# type: 'windkessel'
# mode: 'Rd'
# initial_stddev: 1
-
id: 4
type: 'windkessel'
mode: 'Rd'
initial_stddev: 1
-
id: 5
type: 'windkessel'
mode: 'Rd'
initial_stddev: 1
-
id: 6
type: 'windkessel'
mode: 'Rd'
initial_stddev: 1
-
id: 2
type: 'dirichlet'
parameters: 'U'
initial_stddev: 1
initial_stddev: 0.5
#-
# id: 5
# type: 'windkessel'
# mode: 'Rd'
# initial_stddev: 0.5
#-
# id: 6
# type: 'windkessel'
# mode: 'Rd'
# initial_stddev: 0.5
#-
# id: 2
# type: 'dirichlet'
# parameters: 'U'
# initial_stddev: 0.5
measurements:
-
mesh: '/home/yeye/NuMRI/kalman/meshes/coaortaH3_leo2.0.h5'
#mesh: './meshes/coaortaH1.h5'
fe_degree: 1
#xdmf_file: 'measurements/aorta_zdir/Perturbation/Mg15V120/u_all.xdmf'
#file_root: 'measurements/aorta_zdir/Perturbation/Mg15V120/u{i}.h5'
xdmf_file: 'measurements/aorta_zdir_vnoise/u_all.xdmf'
file_root: 'measurements/aorta_zdir_vnoise/u{i}.h5'
mesh: '/home/yeye/NuMRI/kalman/meshes/slice_Hz2.3.h5'
fe_degree: 0
xdmf_file: 'measurements/slice/u_all.xdmf'
file_root: 'measurements/slice/u{i}.h5'
indices: 0 # indices of checkpoints to be processed. 0 == all
velocity_direction: [0,0,1]
noise_stddev: 45 # standard deviation of Gaussian noise
velocity_direction: ~
noise_stddev: 10
VENC: 0
module_meas_file_root: ''
roukf:
particles: 'simplex' # unique or simplex
observation_operator: 'postprocessing' #state or postprocessing
reparameterize: True
ODV_functional:
enable: False
VENC: 244
MAG_functional: False

View File

@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
config_name: test
petsc_options:
# - u_ten_ksp_view
- u_ten_ksp_converged_reason
- u_ten_ksp_monitor_true_residual
- u_ten_ksp_type bcgs
- u_ten_ksp_rtol 1.0e-6
- u_ten_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
- u_ten_pc_type jacobi
- d_ksp_type cg
- d_ksp_rtol 1.0e-6
# - p_ksp_view
- p_ksp_converged_reason
- p_ksp_monitor_true_residual
- p_ksp_type fgmres
- p_ksp_rtol 1.0e-6
- p_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
#- p_pc_type gamg
#- p_pc_gamg_type agg
#- p_pc_gamg_threshold 0.03
#- p_pc_gamg_square_graph 10 # no effect ??
#- p_pc_gamg_sym_graph
- p_mg_levels_ksp_type richardson
- p_mg_levels_pc_type sor
- p_mass_ksp_type cg
- p_mass_ksp_converged_reason
- p_mass_ksp_monitor_true_residual
- p_mass_ksp_rtol 1.0e-8
- p_mass_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
- p_mass_pc_type jacobi
- u_upd_ksp_type cg
- u_upd_ksp_rtol 1.0e-8
- u_upd_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
- u_upd_pc_type jacobi
- p_pc_type hypre
- p_pc_hypre_type boomeramg
- p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_strong_threshold 0.75
- p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_max_levels 25
- p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_smooth_type Euclid
- p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_eu_bj
# - p_pc_type hypre
# - p_pc_hypre_type boomeramg
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_agg_nl 4
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_agg_num_paths 2
# # Truncation factor for interpolation (note: increasing towrds 1
# # appears to reduce memory useage
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_truncfactor 0.9
# # Max elements per row for interpolation operator
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_P_max 5
# # - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_max_levels 10
# # Strong threshold (BoomerAMG docs recommend 0.5-0.6 for 3D
# # Poisson
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_strong_threshold 0.5

View File

@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
config_name: test
petsc_options:
# - u_ten_ksp_view
# - u_ten_ksp_converged_reason
# - u_ten_ksp_monitor_true_residual
- u_ten_ksp_type preonly
# - u_ten_ksp_rtol 1.0e-6
# - u_ten_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
# - u_ten_pc_type jacobi
# - u_ten_pc_side right
- u_ten_pc_type lu
# - u_ten_pc_gamg_type agg
# - u_ten_pc_gamg_threshold 0.03
# - u_ten_pc_gamg_square_graph 10 # no effect ??
# - u_ten_pc_gamg_sym_graph
# - u_ten_mg_levels_ksp_type richardson
# - u_ten_mg_levels_pc_type sor
# # - u_ten_pc_gamg_coarse_eq_limit 50 # ignored !?!?!
# - p_ksp_view
- p_ksp_converged_reason
- p_ksp_monitor_true_residual
# - p_ksp_type gmres
# - p_ksp_norm_type unpreconditioned
- p_ksp_type fgmres
- p_ksp_rtol 1.0e-8
- p_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
- p_pc_type gamg
- p_pc_gamg_type agg
- p_pc_gamg_threshold 0.03
- p_pc_gamg_square_graph 10 # no effect ??
- p_pc_gamg_sym_graph
- p_mg_levels_ksp_type richardson
- p_mg_levels_pc_type sor
- p_mass_ksp_type preonly
# - p_mass_ksp_rtol 1.0e-8
# - p_mass_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
- p_mass_pc_type lu
# - p_pc_type hypre
# - p_pc_hypre_type boomeramg
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_strong_threshold 0.75
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_max_levels 25
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_smooth_type Euclid
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_eu_bj
# - p_ksp_type preonly
# - p_pc_type lu
# - p_pc_factor_mat_solver_package mumps
# - p_mat_mumps_icntl_14 80
# - p_ksp_type cg
# - p_ksp_converged_reason
# - p_ksp_monitor_true_residual
# - p_ksp_rtol 1.0e-8
# - p_pc_type hypre
# - p_pc_hypre_type boomeramg
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_agg_nl 4
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_agg_num_paths 2
# # Truncation factor for interpolation (note: increasing towrds 1
# # appears to reduce memory useage
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_truncfactor 0.9
# # Max elements per row for interpolation operator
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_P_max 5
# # - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_max_levels 10
# # Strong threshold (BoomerAMG docs recommend 0.5-0.6 for 3D
# # Poisson
# - p_pc_hypre_boomeramg_strong_threshold 0.5
# - u_upd_ksp_converged_reason
# - u_upd_ksp_monitor_true_residual
# - u_upd_ksp_view
- u_upd_ksp_type preonly
# - u_upd_ksp_rtol 1.0e-8
# - u_upd_ksp_initial_guess_nonzero
- u_upd_pc_type lu

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\BOOKMARK [2][]{Outline0.1}{4D flow MRI}{}% 1
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\BOOKMARK [2][]{Outline0.3}{The inverse problem}{}% 3
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\title{Robust parameter estimation in fluid flow models from aliased velocity measurements}
%\author[Jeremías Garay Labra]
%{Jeremías Garay Labra}
\institute[University of Groningen]
{
Bernoulli Institute\\
Faculty of Sciences and Engineering\\
University of Groningen\\[0.5cm]
%\includegraphics[height=1.5cm]{Imagenes/escudoU2014.pdf}
% \includegraphics[height=1cm]{Imagenes/fcfm.png} \\[0.5cm]
Jeremías Garay Labra \emph{join with} Cristobal Bertoglio.}
\date{\today}
\begin{document}
\frame{\titlepage}
% \onslide<1->
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Index}
\tableofcontents
\end{frame}
\section[4D flow MRI]{4D flow MRI}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{4D flow MRI}
\begin{columns}[c]
\column{.5\textwidth} % Left column and width
\footnotesize
\begin{itemize}
\item<2-> Velocities encoded into the magnetization phase
\item<3-> Rich post-proccesing: derived parameters
\end{itemize}
\column{.54\textwidth} % Right column and width
\onslide<1->
\begin{figure}[!hbtp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.9\textwidth]{images/4dflow.png}
\caption{\footnotesize 4D flow MRI of a human thorax}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\section{The mathematical model}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The mathematical model}
\begin{center}
The mathematical model
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The mathematical model}
\begin{columns}[c]
\column{.5\textwidth} % Left column and width
\footnotesize
\column{.54\textwidth} % Right column and width
\begin{figure}[!hbtp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=1.1\textwidth]{images/full_aorta.png}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The mathematical model}
\begin{columns}[c]
\column{.5\textwidth} % Left column and width
\footnotesize
\begin{itemize}
\item<2-> Incompressible Navier-Stokes equations:
\begin{equation}
\begin{cases}
\displaystyle \rho \frac{\partial \vec{u}}{\partial t} + \rho \big ( \vec{u} \cdot \nabla \big) \vec{u} - \mu \Delta \vec{u} + \nabla p = 0 \\[0.2cm]
\nabla \cdot \vec{u} = 0 \quad \text{in} \quad \Omega \\[0.2cm]
\vec{u} = \vec{u}_{inlet} \quad \text{on} \quad \Gamma_{in} \\[0.2cm]
\vec{u} = 0 \quad \text{on} \quad \Gamma_{walls}
\end{cases}
\end{equation}
\item<3-> \emph{Three-element} Windkessel coupling at every outlet:
\begin{equation}
\begin{cases}
\displaystyle C_{d,l} \frac{d \pi_l}{dt} + \frac{\pi_l}{R_{d,l}} = Q_l \\[0.2cm]
P_l = R_{p,l} \ Q_l + \pi_l
\end{cases}
\end{equation}
\end{itemize}
\column{.54\textwidth} % Right column and width
\onslide<1->
\begin{figure}[!hbtp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.9\textwidth]{images/windk_model.png}
\caption{\footnotesize Schematic of the model}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The mathematical model}
\begin{columns}[c]
\column{.5\textwidth} % Left column and width
\footnotesize
\begin{itemize}
\item Incompressible Navier-Stokes equations:
\begin{equation}
\begin{cases}
\displaystyle \rho \frac{\partial \vec{u}}{\partial t} + \rho \big ( \vec{u} \cdot \nabla \big) \vec{u} - \mu \Delta \vec{u} + \nabla p = 0 \\[0.2cm]
\nabla \cdot \vec{u} = 0 \quad \text{in} \quad \Omega \\[0.2cm]
\vec{u} = \vec{u}_{inlet} \quad \text{on} \quad \Gamma_{in} \\[0.2cm]
\vec{u} = 0 \quad \text{on} \quad \Gamma_{walls}
\end{cases}
\end{equation}
\emph{Three-element} Windkessel coupling at every outlet:
\begin{equation}
\begin{cases}
\displaystyle C_{d,l} \frac{d \pi_l}{dt} + \frac{\pi_l}{R_{d,l}} = Q_l \\[0.2cm]
P_l = R_{p,l} \ Q_l + \pi_l
\end{cases}
\end{equation}
\end{itemize}
\column{.54\textwidth} % Right column and width
\begin{figure}[!hbtp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[height=0.9\textwidth]{images/ref.png}
\caption{\footnotesize Reference solution at peak systole}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
%\begin{frame}
% \frametitle{The mathematical model}
%
% \begin{columns}[c]
%\column{.5\textwidth} % Left column and width
%\footnotesize
%\begin{itemize}
%\item<1-> $u_{inlet} = -U f(t) \hat{n}$, with $f(t)$ the weaveform.
%\item<2-> Fractional step scheme.
%\item<3-> Semi-implicit Windkessel model.
%\item<4-> Stabilized $\mathbb{P}1/\mathbb{P}1$ finite elements.
%\item<4-> Implemented in FEniCS.
%\end{itemize}
%
%
%\column{.54\textwidth} % Right column and width
%\begin{figure}[!hbtp]
% \begin{center}
% \includegraphics[height=0.9\textwidth]{images/ref.png}
% \caption{\footnotesize Reference solution at peak systole}
% \end{center}
% \end{figure}
%\end{columns}
%
%\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The inverse problem}
\begin{itemize}
\item<1-> Upon this solution $\Longrightarrow$ build a set of measurements
\item<2-> $M(\vec{x},t)= M_0(\vec{x}) exp(i\phi_0 + i \frac{\pi}{venc} u(\vec{x},t))$
\item<3-> reconstructed velocity: $u \in \big ( -venc, + venc \big )$
\item<4-> $VNR \sim 1/venc$
\end{itemize}
\centering
\onslide<5-> \textbf{The measurements:}
\begin{itemize}
\item<6-> Gaussian noise into the magnetization
\item<7-> Spatial and temporal interpolation
\item<8-> Only using the dominant component of the velocity: $u_z$
\item<9-> Different levels of aliasing varying the $venc$ parameter
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The inverse problem}
\begin{itemize}
\item Upon this solution $\Longrightarrow$ build a set of measurements
\item $M(\vec{x},t)= M_0(\vec{x}) exp(i\phi_0 + i \frac{\pi}{venc} u(\vec{x},t))$
\item reconstructed velocity: $u \in \big ( -venc, + venc \big )$
\item $VNR \sim 1/venc$
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{images/supra_venc.png}
\caption*{Aliased measurements with different $vencs = 120,70,30 \%$ of $u_{max}$}
\hfill
\end{figure}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The inverse problem}
\begin{itemize}
\item Upon this solution $\Longrightarrow$ build a set of measurements
\item $M(\vec{x},t)= M_0(\vec{x}) exp(i\phi_0 + i \frac{\pi}{venc} u(\vec{x},t))$
\item reconstructed velocity: $u \in \big ( -venc, + venc \big )$
\item $VNR \sim 1/venc$
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{images/coartation.png}
\caption*{ Aliased measurements with different $vencs = 120,70,30 \%$ of $u_{max}$}
\hfill
\end{figure}
\end{frame}
\section{The inverse problem}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The inverse problem}
\begin{center}
Parameter optimization
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The Kalman Filter}
\begin{itemize}
\item<1-> We use a Reduced Order Unscendent Kalman Filter (ROUKF) to reconstruct the parameter vector $\theta$:
\onslide<2->
\begin{equation*}
\hat{\theta} = arg \min_{\theta} J(\theta)
\end{equation*}
\begin{equation}
J(\theta) = \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} || \theta - \theta_0 ||^2_{P_0^{-1}} + \sum_{k=1}^N \frac{1}{2} || Z_k - \mathbb{H} X_k(\theta) ||^2_{W^{-1}}
\end{equation}
\onslide<4-> Where:
\begin{itemize}
\item<4-> $Z$ the measurements and $X = (\vec{u} , \pi)$ the state variable
\item<5-> $\mathbb{H}$ observation operator
\item<6-> $\theta_0$ is the initial guess for the parameters
\item<7-> $P_0$ is the associated covariance matrix
\item<8-> $W$ is the associated covariance matrix to the meas. noise
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The Kalman Filter}
The parameter vector:
\begin{itemize}
\item<1-> Amplitude of the inlet velocity: $U$
\item<2-> Only the higher resistence: $R_d$
\end{itemize}
\onslide<4-> $$\theta = (U,\vec{R_d})$$ \\ with $\vec{R_d} = R_{d,l}$ for $l=1,..., \color{red} n_{l-1}$ \\[0.3cm]
\onslide<5-> \color{red} Not all the resistences can be recovered at once $\Longrightarrow$ desc. aorta fixed.
\end{frame}
\section{Numerical Experiments}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Numerical Experiments}
\begin{center}
Numerical Experiments
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Numerical Experiments}
\footnotesize
\onslide<1-> $\theta_{ref} = (U,\vec{R_d})$ , $U=75$, $\vec{R_d} = (7200,11520,11520)$
\begin{columns}
\footnotesize
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<2-> \textbf{Test I:} $U_0 = 150$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (17520,17520,17520)$
\onslide<3-> \includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/U_Pb.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/Rd_Pb.png}
\end{figure}
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<2-> \textbf{Test II:} $U_0 = 40$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (4000,4000,4000)$
\onslide<4->
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/U_Pc.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/Rd_Pc.png}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Aliased data}
\begin{center}
\onslide<1-> What happend when $venc < u_{max}$ ?
\begin{figure}
\onslide<2-> \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{images/v120.png}
\caption{Measurement set with $venc = 120 \% u_{max}$}
\end{figure}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Aliased data}
\begin{center}
What happend when $venc < u_{max}$ ?
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{images/v70.png}
\caption{Measurement set with $venc = 70 \% u_{max}$}
\end{figure}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Easy example: with $venc = 70 \% u_{max}$}
\footnotesize
$\theta_{ref} = (U,\vec{R_d})$ , $U=75$, $\vec{R_d} = (7200,11520,11520)$
\begin{columns}
\footnotesize
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<1-> \textbf{Test I:} $U_0 = 150$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (17520,17520,17520)$
\onslide<2->
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/U_Pb_V70.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/Rd_Pb_V70.png}
\end{figure}
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<1-> \textbf{Test II:} $U_0 = 40$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (4000,4000,4000)$
\onslide<2->
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/U_Pc_V70.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/Rd_Pc_V70.png}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{The Kalman Filter: A frequency defined functional}
\begin{itemize}
\item<1-> We proposed a change in the cost functional:
\onslide<2->
\begin{equation*}
\hat{\theta} = arg \min_{\theta} J(\theta)
\end{equation*}
\begin{equation}
J(\theta) = \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} || \theta - \theta_0 ||^2_{P_0^{-1}} + \color{red} \sum_{k=1}^N 1- cos \big ( \frac{\pi}{venc} \cdot ( Z_k - \mathbb{H} X_k ) \big )
\end{equation}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Easy example: with $venc = 70 \% u_{max}$}
\footnotesize
$\theta_{ref} = (U,\vec{R_d})$ , $U=75$, $\vec{R_d} = (7200,11520,11520)$
\begin{columns}
\footnotesize
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<1-> \textbf{Test I:} $U_0 = 150$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (17520,17520,17520)$
\onslide<2->
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HU_Pb_V70.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HRd_Pb_V70.png}
\end{figure}
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<1-> \textbf{Test II:} $U_0 = 40$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (4000,4000,4000)$
\onslide<3->
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HU_Pc_V70.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HRd_Pc_V70.png}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Aliased data}
\begin{center}
Or even higher aliasing...
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{images/v30.png}
\caption{Measurement set with $venc = 30 \% u_{max}$}
\end{figure}
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Easy example: with $venc = 30 \% u_{max}$}
\footnotesize
$\theta_{ref} = (U,\vec{R_d})$ , $U=75$, $\vec{R_d} = (7200,11520,11520)$
\begin{columns}
\footnotesize
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<1-> \textbf{Test I:} $U_0 = 150$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (17520,17520,17520)$
\onslide<2->
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HU_Pb_V30.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HRd_Pb_V30.png}
\end{figure}
\column{.45\textwidth}
\begin{figure}
\onslide<1-> \textbf{Test II:} $U_0 = 40$ $\vec{R_{d,0}}= (4000,4000,4000)$
\onslide<3->
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HU_Pc_V30.png}
\includegraphics[width=1.2\textwidth]{images/HRd_Pc_V30.png}
\end{figure}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\section{Conclusions}
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
Conclusions
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Conclusions}
\footnotesize
\begin{itemize}
\item<1-> 4D Flow measurements are promising for extracting data via inverse problems
\item<2-> Noise and aliasing are the typical artifacts involved.
\item<3-> Using a suitable Kalman filter, have shown to bypass aliasing defining the funcional in terms of the frequencies.
\end{itemize}
\onslide<4-> Future Work
\begin{itemize}
\item<5-> To include the capacitancies in the inverse problem (adding some pressure meas.)
\item<6-> Real data!
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\begin{center}
Thank you for your time!
\end{center}
\end{frame}
\end{document}
%\begin{frame}
% \frametitle{Results}
%\footnotesize
%
%\begin{figure}
%\begin{subfigure}{.31\textwidth}
% \centering
% % \includegraphics[trim=100 80 100 150, clip, width=1.0\textwidth]{images/u_15.png}
% \caption*{(a) $\vec{u}_{meas}$}
%\end{subfigure}
%\begin{subfigure}{.01\textwidth}
% \hfill
%\end{subfigure}
%\begin{subfigure}{.31\textwidth}
% \centering
% %\includegraphics[trim=100 80 100 150, clip, width=1.0\textwidth]{images/w_15.png}
% \caption*{(b) $\vec{w}$}
%\end{subfigure}
%\begin{subfigure}{.01\textwidth}
% \hfill
%\end{subfigure}
%\begin{subfigure}{.31\textwidth}
% \centering
% %\includegraphics[trim=100 80 100 150, clip, width=1.0\textwidth]{images/uc_15.png}
% \caption*{(c) $\vec{u}_{meas}+\vec{w}$}
%\end{subfigure}
%\caption{Measurements, corrector fields and corrected velocities for all the cases.}
%\label{fig:phantom_resolution}
%\end{figure}
%
%\end{frame}

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\babel@toc {english}{}
\beamer@sectionintoc {1}{4D flow MRI}{3}{0}{1}
\beamer@sectionintoc {2}{The mathematical model}{6}{0}{2}
\beamer@sectionintoc {3}{The inverse problem}{23}{0}{3}
\beamer@sectionintoc {4}{Numerical Experiments}{37}{0}{4}
\beamer@sectionintoc {5}{Conclusions}{56}{0}{5}